CHAPTER 3:

S C I E N C E , T E C H N O LO G Y,
A N D N AT I O N - B U I L D I N G
P R E PA R E D B Y : H G C L
 PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
Scientific and technological development in the Philippines began in the pre-colonial
period. Even before the Spaniards came to the Philippine islands, early Filipino settlers
were already using certain plants and herbs as medicines

Systems of farming and animal- raising were implemented. Moreover, early Filipinos had
also developed different modes of transportation, whether terrestrial or maritime.

A complicated engineering feat was achieved by the natives of the Cordilleras when
they built rice terraces by hand. Through these terraces, the people were able to
cultivate crops on the mountain in cold temperatures. They incorporated an irrigation
system that uses water from the forest and mountain tops to achieve an elaborate
farming system. The rice terraces of the Cordilleras, which are still functional, show the
innovative and ingenious way of the natives to survive in an otherwise unfriendly
environment.
PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE
PHILIPPINES BEGAN

• The early settlers were already using certain plants and herbs as medicine.
• System of farming and animal-raising were also implemented.
• Develop different modes of transportation (terrestrial or maritime).
• Engineering feat was achieved by the natives of Cordilleras when they built rice
terraces by hand where people able to cultivate crops in the mountainside in
cold temperatures.
• Incorporated irrigation system
COLONIAL PERIOD
Colonization by the Spaniards provided the Philippines with modern
means of construction. Walls, roads, bridges, and other large
infrastructure were built using some of the engineering skills and tools
brought by the Spaniards. In addition, the Spanish government
developed heath and education systems that were enjoyed by the
principalia class.

The American occupation modernized almost all aspects of life in the

Philippines. They established a government agency, the Bureau of
Science, for the sole purpose of nurturing development in the field of
science and technology.
COLONIAL PERIOD
COLONIZATION BY SPANIARDS PROVIDED THE PHILIPPINES WITH
MODERN MEANS OF CONSTRUCTION .

Walls, Roads, Bridges and other large infrastructures were built.

Spanish government developed health and education system that were enjoyed
by principalia class.
AMERICAN occupation modernized almost all aspects of life in the
Philippines.
-Government agency
-Bureau of Science
 POST-COLONIAL PERIOD
• After achieving independence from the colonizers, the
Philippines, under different administrations, continued
to pursue programs in science and technology.
• One of the presidents who ushered in advancement
in science and technology was former and dictator
Ferdinand Marcus.
• PAGASA, NAST, and reconstituted National Science
and Technology Authority, among others.
POST-COLONIAL PERIOD
DIFFERENT ADMINISTRATION, CONTINUED TO PURSUE
PROGRAMS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.

FERDINAND MARCOS
Agencies in Science and Technology were established and strengthened (e.g..
PAGASA, NAST)
Key to nation-building is the continued development of Science and Technology.