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Crawler Crane PDF
Crawler Crane PDF
Principle
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General Introduction
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General Introduction
1.2 Applicability
The crawler crane is a key type of engineering crane, and is widely used in
the construction of large
g stadium and other buildings,
g , bridges,
g , metro,,
shipbuilding, wind power, thermal power and petrochemical industries, etc.
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General Introduction
1.3 Advantages
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Structure and Functions
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Structure and Functions
Upperworks
Slewing mechanism
Crawler travelling
mechanism
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Structure and Functions
2.1 Crawler travelling mechanism
Chassis
crawler
Support roller
Drive wheel track roller
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Structure and Functions
Crawler travelling mechanism: 4 wheels + 1 crawler + crawler frame +
hydraulic travelling system
(1) 4 wheels: guide wheel, track roller, upper guide wheel, drive wheel
Drive wheel: the track wheel on the track shoe, driven by the hydraulic motor
Track roller: the roller rolling on the track shoe and supporting the whole
crane
Guide wheel: the wheel symmetrical to the driving wheel but only used for
guiding
Upper guide wheel: (support roller) the wheel supporting the upper track
(2) 1 crawler: crawler
crawler: a group of track shoes linked via track shoe pins and mounted on the
crawler frame
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Structure and Functions
(3) Hydraulic travelling system: the hydraulic system driving the travelling
motor
Telescopic oil cylinder: the oil cylinder used for adjusting the distance
between the tracks during working and transporting
Outrigger oil cylinder: the oil cylinder used for supporting the whole
crane by
y the extendingg outriggers
gg when tracks are not installed
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Structure and Functions
The slewing
g mechanism consists of the slewing
g support, slewing
g motor,
slewing reducer and so on; the slewing support is connected to the base via
high-strength bolts, the slewing reducer’s small gear is meshed with the
slewing support, and thus the upperworks and working device can be rotating
against the lowerworks within 360°.
1 slewing motor; 2
1-slewing 2-slewing
slewing reducer; 3
3-drive
drive
gear of reducer; 4-connecting bolt; 5-slewing
support; 6-base
SCC4000 Crawler crane slewing mechanism
(external meshing)
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Structure and Functions
Slewing
g
motor
Slewing
mechanism
h i
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Structure and Functions
2.3 Upperworks
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Structure and Functions
The working mechanism consists of: main hoist mechanism, auxiliary hoist
mechanism and (main) luffing mechanism; the working mechanism of a crawler
mechanism,
crane with an luffing jib (tower condition) further consists of auxiliary luffing
mechanism; the working mechanism of a crawler crane with a superlift further
consists of luffing mechanism for superlift.
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Structure and Functions
Small tonnage
Luffing rope
Main hoist
rope
Aux. hoist
rope
Luffing hoist
Aux. lifting
hoist
Main lifting
hoist
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Structure and Functions
Aux. hoisting
h i i
hoist
Main
luffing Main lifting
rope hoist 2
Main lifting
Main hoist 1
luffing
hoist
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Structure and Functions
Luffing hoist
Main lifting
hoist 1
Main
M i lifti
lifting
hoist 2
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Structure and Functions
2.5 Platform and covering assembly
cab
Large
L Small
S ll
tonnage tonnage
platform
Left
L ft
platform
Large Main
tonnage platform
l tf
cab
Right
p
platform
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Structure and Functions
2.6 Mechanical & power device, hydraulic system and electrical system
Mechanical & power device: including the engine body, air inlet system,
exhausting system, fuel system, cooling system, transfer case and pump
group, etc; the mechanical & power device is the power source of crawler
crane.
Hydraulic
y system:
y including
g the hydraulic
y hoisting
g system,
y , hydraulic
y
travelling system, hydraulic slewing system, hydraulic luffing system,
hydraulic servo system, hydraulic anti-collapse system, driver’s cab
pitching system, hydraulic cooling system, hydraulic superlift
counterweight
g lifting g system
y and the hydraulic
y subsystems
y including
g the
auxiliary oil cylinder and self-loading/unloading oil cylinder, etc.
Electrical system: mainly including the control system, torque limit system
and closed-circuit monitor system.。
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Structure and Functions
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Structure and Functions
2.7 Driver’s cab and air-conditioning system
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Structure and Functions
2 8 Counterweight
2.8 C t i ht system
t
Counterweight system: mainly including the center counterweight,
back counterweight and additional counterweight.
Additional
counterweight
Left center
counterweight right Counterweight
counterweight counterweight tray
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Structure and Functions
Truss structure
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Structure and Functions
Extending
boom
Shape “A”
Anti-back- Anti-collapse support
inclination mast bar
oil cylinder
luffing
g fixed
pulley block
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Structure and Functions
(1) Boom: including the boom, jib, extending boom and masts, etc
Boom: it is hinged with the main platform via a pin and can be used for hoisting
independently.
Jib: it is hinged with the top of the boom and used for hoisting together with the
boo
boom.
Mast: it is used for bearing the press from the wire rope.
Extending boom: it is used for connecting and supporting the pulley block on the
top of the primary or auxiliary boom.
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Structure and Functions
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Structure and Functions
Superlift mast: it cooperates with the tie rope or tie rod to bear the press
from the super
super-hoisted
hoisted load.
Primary (auxiliary) luffing mast: it is used to bear the press from the wire
rope during luffing of the boom (jib).
Anti-inclination mast: it is used to prevent the boom from inclining
backwards.
Mast rod:
d it is used
d ffor bearing
b the
h wire rope press but
b is not as large
l as
the mast.
Superlift device: for a small crawler crane, the torque from the
counterweight to the collapsing line is balanced by the torque from
the load to the collapsing line. If a special device is equipped: the
hoisting capacity can be improved by adding a counterweight far
away from the collapsing line to balance a larger load torque. This
special
i ld
device
i iis called
ll d th
the superlift
lift device.
d i
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Structure and Functions
superlift mast
superlift luffing
winding
superlift
counterweight
lifting oil cylinder
superlift
counterwei
ght
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Structure and Functions
(2) Tie device: including the tie rope and tie rod, etc
4 2
5
1-luffing jib upper arm; 2-luffing jib middle
6m-12m
6m 12m arm; 3 3-luffing
luffing jib lower arm; 4
4-
luffing jib front mast; 5- luffing jib back mast
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Structure and Functions
(3) Hook
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Working Principle
P L1 L2 E
Load
Counterweight
L2 L1
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Working Principle
The working principle of a crawler crane
The working principle of a crawler crane is lever principle, i.e. torques at both
sides of the overturning line are balanced, simply illustrated as below:
Overturni
ng
g line
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Working Conditions
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Working Conditions
Boom working condition
Mixed boom working condition Boom: basic service condition of a crawler
crane
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Working Conditions
Extending
boom
Jib hook
Boom hook
Boom
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Working Conditions
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Working Conditions
L ffi
Luffing jib working
ki condition
diti Luffing Luffing
jib jib Luffing
Boom back front jib
mast mast
working condition:
special for
large tonnage
crane
Features: large
pitch, large
hoisting
capacity at
high hoisting
elevation
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Working Conditions
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Working Conditions
Fixed
jib
Jib
hook
Main
boom
A
shape
frame
Back
counte
rweigh
t
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Working Conditions
SFHDB working
condition
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Product Features
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Product Features
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Product Features
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Product Features
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Product Features
6.5 Low service and maintenance cost
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Product Features
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Product Features
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