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Smart grid standards for home and building automation

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 Smart Grid Standards for Home and Building
Automation
M. Tariq, Z. Zhou, J. Wu, M. Macuha, Member, IEEE, T. Sato, Senior Member, IEEE
Abstract-- The involvement of smart grid in home and
building automation systems has led to the development of
diverse standards for interoperable products to control
appliances, lighting, energy management and security. Smart
grid enables a user to control the energy usage according to the
price and demand. These standards have been developed in
parallel by different organizations, which are either open or
proprietary. It is necessary to arrange these standards in such a
way that it is easier for potential readers to easily understand and
select a suitable standard according to their functionalities
without going into the depth of each standard. In this paper, we
review the main smart grid standards proposed by different
organizations for home and building automation in terms of
different function fields. In addition, we evaluate the scope of
interoperability, benefits and drawbacks of the standard.
Index Terms--Home and building automation;
interoperability; smart grid; standards
I. INTRODUCTION
Tsystems
HE deployment of smart home and building automation
are getting popular with the advancement in
Information and Communication Technology (lCT)
applications. Smart systems offer convenience in both private
residence and commercial buildings. These systems increase
the comfort through remote control of heating, ventilation, air
condition, lighting, and allow user to manage appliances
without physical presence. A smart home and building
automation network consists of devices that monitor and
control technical systems in a home orland building
automatically. The smart home and building automation
system aims at improving control, monitoring and
administration of these systems using two way communication
either through wireless or wired technologies. In addition,
through smart grid a system enables a user to control the
energy usage according to the price and demand. In doing so,
these systems contribute toward energy saving. This is
certainly one of the challenging global targets for researchers
to tackle recently [1]-[3].
Muhammmad Tariq is with FAST NUCES, Peshawar,Pakistan
(email: tariq.khan@nu.edu.pk)
Takuro Sato is with Graduate School of Global Info. and Telecom. Studies,
GITS, Waseda University,Tokyo,Japan (e-mail: t-sato@waseda.jp)
Zhenyu Zhou is with North China Electric Power University (NCEPU)
Beijing 102206,China (e-mail:zhenyu.zhou2008@gmail.com)
Jun Wu is with National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and
Technology (AJST), Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail: jun-wu@aist.go.jp)
Martin Macuha is with Orange Labs,Tokyo,Japan
(e-mail:martin.macuha@orange.com)
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Ligh[ swi<cu
� (i':,.
J .� [go,) Th""oost�l
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Security
senSDr
Fig.l. An overview of smart home and building automation system:
communication can be performed either through power line or wireless.
With growing popularity of smart home and building
automation systems, various organizations offer standards for
interoperable products, enabling smart home and building
automation systems that can control appliances, lighting,
energy management, and security environment. It also helps in
the network expandability in order to connect with different
networks. All these standards have been developed in parallel
by different organizations. It is therefore necessary to arrange
those standards in such a way that it is easier for potential
readers to easily understand and select a particular standard
according to their requirements without going into the depth of
each standard, which often spans from hundreds to thousands
of pages [3].
To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the fIrst
comprehensive survey conducted to compare and evaluate
different types of smart grid standards related to home and
building automation in terms of functions fIeld. We introduce
the main standards proposed by different organizations for
home and building automation. In addition, we evaluate and
compare the scope of interoperability, benefIts and drawbacks
of these standards.
The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section II
provides details of related works. Section III explains in
details about various standards divided into different
categories. Section IV draws analysis and comparison with
discussion about future technology trend. Section V concludes
the paper. Section VI provides all the references.
978-1-4673-2868-5/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE
 II. RELATED WORKS
Some research works focused on home and building
automation systems with reference to some chosen standards.
In [1], the researchers provided a survey on building
automation systems, directing attention to their
communication systems in terms of BACnet [8],[9],
LonWorks[10] and KNX [13]-[15]. After a general overview
on building services and the benefits provided by the current
Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS), they
introduced a three-level functional model and showed how
control networks can be embedded inside the automation
systems. Various challenging aspects related to wireless
technologies used in home and building automation
applications have been discussed and the relevant standards
have been surveyed in [2]. In [3], the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST) framework and roadmap
for smart grid interoperability standards have been specified.
In [4], the authors outlined the building automation systems
including BACnet and LonWorks that integrate the services
like ventilation, heating, and air-conditioning.
There are a variety of smart grid standards for home and
building automation, which are either open or proprietary,
developed by different organizations. Some of the standards
are still at the developing stage. It is therefore necessary to
collect these standards and provide comparison among the
related standards.
III. SMART HOME AND BUILDING AUTOMATION STANDARDS
Over the years, various organizations have proposed standards
for interoperable products enabling smart home and building
automation systems that can control appliances, lighting,
energy management and security environment. In this section,
we explain each standard based on the function fields as
shown in Fig. 2. Following is the brief explanation of each
standard.
A. Automation Standards
A brief introduction of each standard is provided below.
1) Zigbee Home Automation Public Application Profile
ZigBee Home Automation (ZHA) Public Application profile
is a Zigbee profile for home automation applications. With the
introduction of ZHA profile, home automation can move from
currently limited implementations at homes to the higher
volume products in the conventional market. The ZHA profile
supports a variety of devices for the home including lighting,
heating and cooling, and even window blind control. It
provides interoperability from different vendors that allow a
greater range of control and integration of different devices in
the home. It mainly deals with sporadic real time control of
devices [7].
Pros: ZHA is robust, secure and reliable solution in noisy
Radio Frequency (RF) environments.
Cons: ZHA is still expensive and complicated to install. It may
not be worth the cost for systems having few devices.
2) LonWorks
LonWorks is a distributed control system developed by the
American company Echelon [10], which meets the peer-to­
peer and/or master-slave communication needs of BACS
networks. LonWorks is the leading market solution in the
USA, whereas KNX [14] has yet to make an impact.
Pros: Provides effective device level protocol, also the
controllers adhering to LonMark profiles are cost effective.
Cons: Proprietary standard, which has little acceptance in
certain systems such as fire, security, and Power Line
Communication (PLC).
3) X10
XI0 is one of the first home automation standards, developed
in 1975. It uses power line wiring for signaling and
control. XIO became the de facto standard for home
automation over the years and it can still be seen today [11].
Pros: XIO is time proven technology which has been around
more than 30 years. It is inexpensive, simple to install, with
hundreds of compatible products. It does not require any new
wiring.
Cons: It is a single band network, which is operating over the
inherently noisy power line only. The XIO signal can be
degraded or attenuated by many of the surrounding appliances.
4) INSTEON
INSTEON is an automation protocol enabling appliances to be
networked together. This concept can be implemented over
power line communication as well as over radio interface.
INSTEON messages have a fixed length and are synchronized
to the AC power line zero crossings [12], [13].
Pros: Provides both wireless and wired communication. The
system is simple to install, reliable and widely compatible.
Cons: More expensive than XIO and having interference
issues in the wired systems.
5) KNX
Konnex (KNX), formerly known as the European Installation
Bus (EIB), is developed by the Konnex Association. KNX is a
building control communication system that uses information
technology to connect devices such as sensors, actuators,
controllers, operating terminals and monitors [14].
Pros: KNX is a large association of corporation/professionals
in the automation field.
Cons: Mostly limited to Europe and currently having radio
quality issues.
6) OneNet
OneNet is an open standard (royalty-free) and open source
solution for home and building automation, which is based on
the proprietary physical interface. It defines physical, network
and message protocol in order to provide low-power, low­
delay, low-cost and medium range wireless solution for
devices and applications [17], [18].
Pros: Royalty free standard, low-power, low-delay, low-cost,
and interoperable with XIO and INSTEON.
Cons: Not available for PLC.
7) BACnet
BACnet is a building automation and control networking
protocol developed by the American Society of Heating, Re­
frigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).
BACnet has been designed specifically as the data
communication protocol of building automation and control
systems for applications such as heating, ventilating, and air­
conditioning control, lighting control, access control, and fire
 3

I
Snm1HOl1'IO ani BuiMing
Automation Staniards

• T • l 1 l • t
Snm1Erergy ConntIla
l1ic tion Application HOl1'IO Electronics ViliFi Snm1
Automation
OpenHAN2D System (HES) E""rgy Profile
Staniards ProfIle (SEP) 2.0 Staniards Staniards Staniards
Staniards 2.0

... , � •
Z-Wave Application Proto::al
ZHA RFCs b_d Security Il1leroperability
Data Medel
LOWlmk Stardard Gateway
Demoni Resp:mse & Load Control
Insteon SecuritySystemfm A pplication Medel
Pricing
KNX HES Architecture
Pre- Pa)'ln!m ani Metering
O""Net F'lug-inElectric Vehicles WIBEEM
BAC""t Distributed E""rgy Resrurces
ECHO""t PIutovoltaic Systems
XIO Win! E""rgy Systems

Fig. 2. An overview of different categories of smart grid standards in home and building automation.

detection systems. The purpose is to defIne data
communication service and protocols for computer
equipments used for monitoring and control of Heating
Ventilation Air Conditioning and Refrigeration (HVAC&R)
and other building systems to defIne object-oriented
representation of information communicated between those
devices [8].
Pros: Available from most BAS and HVAC equipment
vendors, cost effective integration solution, provides
insulation from vendor system migrations and upgrades and
allows for flexibility in implementation.
Cons: ConfIguration tools are proprietary and no device
application profIles, system, and device control algorithms are
unique to vendors. In addition, the database structure is not
standardized and methods of implementing functionality vary
from vendor to vendor.
8) ECHONET
Energy Conservation and Homecare NETwork (ECHONET)
is a Japanese Consortium, whose aim is to develop
ECHONET systems. ECHONET is designed to control home
appliances directly and connect to home electronics devices
through a gateway. This design enables industry participants
to develop a variety of systems having different
communication speeds and levels of technological
sophistication while maintaining optimum cost performance.
The goal of ECHONET is to develop a standard, which
requires no special rewiring that can be applied to existing
homes and that can easily be controlled by a wide range of
devices. The standard specifIes the use of wireless
technologies and ordinary home electric wiring, which get rids
of the need for special rewiring and allows the network to be
used in existing homes as well as new housing [19].
Pros: Supports both RF and PLC.
Cons: Proprietary standard with limited radio range.
9) Z- Wave Standard
Z-Wave is a proprietary standard for home automation
developed by Z-Wave Alliance, which is a group that was
established around the proprietary wireless networking
protocol developed by a Danish company called Zensys. Z­
Wave standard is intended to provide a simple but reliable
method to wirelessly control appliances in the houses. It works
in The industrial, scientifIc and medical (ISM) band; 868 MHz
(Europe) and 908 MHz (US) bands, using Frequency Shift
Keying (FSK) radio. The throughput is 40Kbps in both the
frequencies [6].
Pros: Being considered as among the best home automation
solutions due to its reliability and security.
Cons: Communication is performed via wireless,
comparatively expensive, and installation is complicated.
B. Zigbee Smart Energy Profile 2. 0 Standard
ZigBee Smart Energy ProfIle (SEP) 2.0 is a smart home
standard for interoperable products that monitor, control,
inform and automate the delivery and use of energy and water.
It helps to create greener homes by providing consumers the
information and automation needed to easily reduce their
energy consumption and thus save money [20].
C. Communication Standards
There are different communication standards defmed for
Smart Home and Building Automation. ZigBeeiHomePlug
Marketing Requirements Document (MRD) is written for the
SEP 2.0 and represents the next generation market
requirements for Smart Energy as well as supports use cases.
It defmes link layer standard with a variety of specifIcation.
Zigbee SEP 2.0, which is a standard for interoperable products
that monitor, control, infonn and automate the delivery, also
provides link layer specifIcation for node-to-node
communications. The International Telecommunication Union
(ITU) defmes ITU G.9960/9961 (G.hn) standard for
networked device over power lines, phone lines and coaxial
cables with data rates up to 1 Gbps [32]. ITU devise ITU
T.9954 standard, which describes the generic transport
architecture for home networks and their interfaces to a
provider's access network.
D. Application Standards
Application standards are categorized as follows:
1) Application Protocol
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), is an application­
level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia
information systems, whose details can be found in RFC 2616.
RFC 793 proposed Transmission Control Protocol (TCP),

which is another application protocol devised for transport
layer communications [35].
2) Data Model
IEC 61970 series concern application program
interfaces for Energy Management Systems (EMS). In
particular, part 301 deals with Common Information Model
(CIM). IEC 61968 series define standards for information
exchanges and application integration among various
electrical distribution systems. Specifically, part 9 defmes the
interface standard for Meter Reading & Control (MRC). IEC
61968 series define standards for information exchanges and
application integration among various electrical
distribution systems. Part II of IEC 61968-11 defines
Common Information Model (CIM) which is an extension for
distribution. IEC 61850 is a standard for the design of
electrical substation automation [3].
3) Demand Response and Load Control
Demand Response and Load Control (DRLC) is closely
connected to Distributed Energy Resources (DER), Advance
Metering Infrastructure (AMI) and Home and Building
Electronics Systems (HBES). The IEC 61968 standard is
designed for the electrical substation automation. IEC 61850
series define standards for the design of electrical
substation automation [3]. Part 7-420 of lEe 61850 defines
the basic communication structure for distributed energy
resources logical nodes. ISO 16484 is International
Standardization Organization (ISO) standard which designed
for Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) [26].
4) Pricing
United Nations rules for Electronic Data Interchange for
Administration, Commerce and Transport (UN/EDIFACT) is
an international standard for exchanging business data. The
Metered Services Consumption Report Message (MSCONS)
defines data sets for the exchange of meter billing information.
IEC/TR 62325 standard specifies a framework for energy
market communications [25].
5) Pre-Payment and Metering
IEC 62055 standard defines the electricity metering for
payment systems [3]. IEC/TR 62051,52,53,54 standard
specifies ways of electricity metering [24]. IEC 61968-9 also
specifies ways of electricity metering [3].
6) Plug-in Electric Vehicles
IEC 61851standard is devised for plug-in electric vehicles
communication [3].
7) Distributed Energy Resources
IEEE 1547 is a standard for interconnecting distributed energy
resources with electric power systems [3].
8) Photovoltaic Systems
IEC 60904 standard is related to Photo Voltaic (PV) systems
and devices such as solar panels, module etc. IEC 61194
standard characterizes parameters for stand-alone PV systems.
IEC 61724 standard specifies the PV system performance
monitoring. IEC 61730 standard specifies the PV module
safety qualification. IEC 61727 standard specifies the PV
systems characteristics of the Utility Interface. IEC/TS 61836
standard is related to solar PV energy systems. IEC 62446 is
related to grid connected PV systems. IEC/TS 62257
standard provides recommendations for small renewable
energy and hybrid systems for rural electrification [3].
4
9) Wind Systems
IEC 61400 is related to wind turbines for energy generation.
IEC 61400-25 is related to wind turbines communications
for monitoring and control of wind power plants [3].
E. Security Standards
1) RFCs based Standards
There are various RFCs based standards for network and
transport layers security [36]- [48]. RFC 4279 is defined for
Pre-Shared Key Cipher suites for Transport Layer Security
(TLS). RFC 4347 Defines Datagram Transport Layer Security
(DTLS). RFC 4492 defines Elliptic Curve Cryptography
(ECC) Cipher Suites for TLS. RFC 5238 defines DTLS over
the Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP). RFC
5246 defines TLS Protocol Version 1.2. RFC 5247 defines
Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Key Management
Framework (KMF). Finally, RFC 5288 defines AES Galois
Counter Mode (GCM) Cipher Suites for TLS.
2) Security System for Home Electronics System
Part 4 of ISO/IEC TR 15067 specifies the security system for
Home Electronics System (RES). ISO/IEC TR 15067-1
standard addresses data exchange at a finer granularity than
HTTP and is intended to perform better in a wide range of
network infrastructures, qualities of service, distributed
systems, nomadic systems, and security systems [24].
F. OpenHAN 2. 0 Standard
The OpenHAN Task Force was established by the UtilityAMI
in 2007 to develop guiding principles, use cases, and platform
independent requirements for Home Area Networks (HAN).
With timely information about electrical usage and price, end­
use consumers will manage their electricity usage, promote
energy efficiency, and lower overall energy costs. HAN will
be the core part in achieving these goals. To bring the benefits
of the smart grid to consumers, the OpenHAN Task Force
undertook the development of the initial version of the
OpenHAN SRS, the UtilityAMI 2008 HAN System
Requirements Specification v1.04 ("UtilityAMI 2008 HAN
SRS"). By providing common architectures, language, and
requirements, the use of the UCAlug OpenHAN SRS 2.0 will
ensure a competitive market place by driving down costs,
increasing interoperability, and maximizing longevity and
maintainability [33].
G. Home Electronics System
RES is a standard developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC25/WG 1
to support applications such as entertainment, lighting,
comfort control, life safety, health and energy management.
ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC25/WG 1 is the international standard body
wntmg information technology (IT) standards for
interconnecting home electrical and electronic equipment and
consumer products since 1983 [25].
The standards devised by RES are shown as follows.
ISO/IEC 18012-1 RES standard provides guideline for
product interoperability. It specifies requirements for
interoperability and application model [27]. ISO/IEC 15045-
land 15045-2 RES Gateway standards specify the architecture
and requirements for RES residential gateway [23]. ISO/IEC
15067 HES application model standards specify the
application HES application services and protocol, lighting
 5

and security models, and energy management model [24].
ISO/IEC 15067 RES architecture standards specify the RES
architecture, including the communication layer, user process,
system management, media and media dependent layers,
intelligent grouping and resource sharing, etc. ISO/IEC 29145
series of standards specify the Wireless Beacon-enabled
Energy Efficient Mesh Network (WiBEEM) Standard for
RES, including PRY, MAC, and network layers specifications
[25].
H. Wi-Fi Smart Energy Profile 2. 0
Wi-Fi Alliance is in the process of building a forthcoming
specification, called Wi-Fi Smart Energy Profile 2.0 (WSEP2)
just like ZigBee Smart Energy Profile, for those applications
which enable home energy management via both wireless and
wired devices that support Internet Protocol (IP). The aim of
WSEP2 is to classify an architecture and set of protocols that
facilitate WSEP2 operation over Wi-Fi with interoperability to
non-Wi-Fi WSEP2 devices along with backward compatibility
with the existing Wi-Fi certified devices. A certification of
WSEP2 devices at the Wi-Fi Alliance is conditioned by
passing tests of both SEP functions as well as Wi-Fi
functions. In order to ensure interoperability of products, the
members of Consortium for SEP2 (CSEP) interoperability are
TABLE I COMPARISON OF THE MAIN HOME AND BUILDING AUTOMAnON STANDARDS
working together to develop common testing documents and
processes for certification of WSEP2 interoperability. It is also
expected that the CSEP will define the tests for WSEP2
functions while the tests for WSEP2 will be defined by the
Wi-Fi Alliance [29]. The WSEP2 specification is still under
development at the time of writing of this paper.
IV. ANALYSIS, COMPARISON AND DISCUSSIONS
In this section, we have compared only the contemporary
home and building automation standards due to limited space.
We have compared these standards in terms of communication
type, radio/ communication range, data rate, frequency band,
security and network topology. We have also analyzed these
standards based on the unique properties of each standard.
Both analysis and comparison can be seen in Table 1.
In the authors' opinion, the future communication network
for smart grid should be IP based as stated in the NIST road
map [3]. It is because; the migration toward IP-based
standards brings following benefits.
• Simplified system architecture and control
• End-to-end visibility
• Interoperability with different networks
• Support for existing IP-based networks

Z-WAVE ZHA HOM EPLUG S

IN TEON LonWorks ECHONET OneNet BACnet Wi-Fi SEP2.0
COMM.TvPE Wireless Wireless Wired (PLC) Wireless/wired Wireless/ Wireless/wired Wireless Wired Wireless
wired
STANDARD Proprietary IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE PI901 Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Open ASHRAE, IEEE
TVPE Standard ANSI, ISO 802.11alb/gin

RADIO/COM 30m (outdoor) (lO-IOO)m 300m 45m (30-120)m <100m 500m 1200m (for 100m (indoor)
M.RANGE <30m (indoor) MSTP)
DATA RATE/ 40Kbps / 250Kbps 200Mbps/ 13.I65Kbps/ 5Kbps to 4Kbps to 36Kbps/ 230Kbps/ 9.6-76.8Kbps II to 600
FREQUENCV 868 MHz /(2.4GHz) and 14Mbps 902 to 924 MHz 1.25Mbp/ 426MHz, 902- (MSTP) Mbps
(EU) 908 40Kbps 400MHz, 429MHz, 2.4GHz 928MHz, 78.8Kbps
MHz (US) (9I5MHz) 450MHz,900 865- (LonTalk)
MHz,2.4 868MHz 100+Mbps
GHz (BACnet lP)
TOPOLOGV Mesh Star, tree, Bus Peer-to-peer, Peer-to-peer, Peer-to-peer, Peer-to- Peer-to-peer, Star, tree,
mesh free, bus peer, star star, tree mesh
SECURITV 128 bit 128 bit AES 56 bit Data Unique 24 bit 256 bit AES Private Key Extended BACnet Wi-Fi
Advanced Encryption Encryption address, all encryption Encryption Function Tiny Network Protected
Encryption Standard (DES) transmissions are and NIST Encryption Security for Access
Standard cryptography encoded onto the Certified Algorithm BACnet (WPA2)
(AES) network FlPS 140-2 (XTEA2) Interoperabilit
cryptography level-2 y Building
Block (NS-
SD-BIBB)
PROPERTIES IP support, Low power Communication Not limited to a Two physical Supports both RF and Low power, Designed for Wide support,
free from usage, longer through ex.isting single physical layer PLe. delay, and heating, available
household battery power line (low network signaling cost, ventilating, air with every
interference, lifetime and cost ) lower technology, and technologies, medium conditioning other device
and low data low cost speed, lP support, supports both RF twisted pair radio range, control,
rate and PLC and PLC, interoperate lighting
routers, with control, access
network INSTEON control, fire
management and XIO. detection and
software etc., their
from associated
Echelon equipment
Corporation
ApPLICATION Home and Automation, Automation using Home Peer-to-peer Developed key Open Data Wireless
IN HOME AND building's sensing and ex.isting AC management and/or software & hardware source communicatio communicatio
BUILDING lighting and control, for power line for network master-slave for home automation. solution, n protocol for n within home
AUTOMATtON automation residential, two-way technology, that communicati A universal based on building appliances and
commercia] communication. provides a secure, on for home transmission standard the automation computing
and industrial HomePlug is highly-available, and building for various services in proprietary and control devices
sites tuned to affordable, robust automation home network system physical networks
broadband home and control that combine home interface
application management networks appliances of different
mostly network venders

The mam reason IS that IP can be used as the baSIS for the the lower layers, l.e. PRY and MAC. We foresee that the IP­
applications. Therefore, developers do not have to care about based standards or systems will be dominant, particularly with

IPv6 where each device in a home will be assigned a different
address. However, there is a problem with the IP protocol.
Since QoS is an important requirement for controlling home
appliances, IP should be specified whether the best effort
protocol can suit the network requirement or not.
Among the existing standards for home communications, it
is highly likely that all those standards, which combine both
wireless standards and the PLC, i.e. IEEE 802.11, IEEE
802.15.4 and IEEE P1901, will be widely deployed in the near
future.
V. CONCLUSIONS
Smart home and building automation systems have gained
popularity in recent time. The advancement in these systems
became possible due to the development of various
comprehensive smart grid standards. In this paper, we have
introduced a wide range of smart grid standards, proposed for
home and building automations systems. These standards span
from communication layers, which include physical, data link
and network layers, applications, security, to automation and
deployment of the system. It is expected that more advanced
standards will be introduced mainly IPV6 based, in the market
in the near future due to some open loops in the existing
standards. In order to better utilize these standards, both the
regulatory and standardization bodies and the utility
companies must first recognize the existing gaps in order to
rectify them in the upcoming standards.
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[7] ZigBee Alliance . ZigBee Home Automation Public Application Profile.
[online]. http://ZigBee.orgiMarkets/Overview/tabid!223/Default.aspx.
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conditioning Engineering,2008.
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Communication Systems with EIB/KNX, LON, and BACnet," New
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[10] LONMAKER User's Guide Release 3. Palo Alto: Echelon Corporation.
[II] XIO-Home Automation [online]. http://www.xIO.com/automation/
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http://www.TNSTEON.netlpdf/TNSTEONdetails.pdf
[13] TNSTEON - Compared,Smart Labs Technology, January 2006, [online].
http://www.TNSTEON.netlpdf/TNSTEONcompared.pdf
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[IS] KNX profiles. KNX Association,2010.
[16] KNX System Specifications-Interworking-Datapoint Types Ver. I.S.00.
KNX Association,2010.
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[36] J. Postel, RFC 0768-User Datagram Protocol, 1980.
[37] J. Postel, RFC 0793-Transmission Control Protocol, 1981.
[38] S. Deering, and R. Hinden,RFC 2460-TPv6Specification,1998.
[39] M. Crawford, RFC 2464-Transmission of TPv6 Packets over Ethernet
Networks; 1998.
[40] R. Drorns, RFC 33IS-Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6
(DHCPv6),2003.
[41] R. Hinden and S. Deering,RFC 4291-IPV6 Address Architecture,2006.
[42] S. Kent, RFC 4302-IP Authentication Header, 200S.
[43] S. Kent, RFC 4303-IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP),2005.
[44] A. Conta, S. Deering, and M. Gupta, RFC 4443-Internet Control
Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol Ver. 6 (IPv6)
Specification,2006.
[45] T. Narten, E. Nordmark, W. Simpson, and H. Soliman. RFC 486-
Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6), 2007.
[46] S. Thomson, T. Narten, and T. Jinrnei, RFC 4862-IPv6 Stateless
Address Autoconfiguration,2007.
[47] N. Kushalnagar, G. Montenegro, and C. Schumacher, RFC 4919-IPv6
over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPANs):
Overview,Assumptions, Problem Statement,and Goals, 2007.
[48] G. Montenegro, N. Kushalnagar, 1. Hui. and D. Culler, RFC 4944-
Transmission of TPv6 Packets over IEEE 802.15.4 Networks,2007.