Change of model parameters or boundary conditions to represent NFM How to increase confidence in model and reduce uncertainty depending
fidence in model and reduce uncertainty depending on budget and risk ->>
WWNP
Measures
Tree-planting
Model
Riparian/floodplain/
Considerations wider catchment -
on design or type -> choose approprate
of measure friction and losses for
density etc
Estimate storage from
No Model: Estimate backwater
length 0.7D/S to assess hydrograph above level Apply flood storage Assess RoFSW maps
Rule of Thumb upstream influence
1d physics-based cross- Represent physics of
section analysis - AES/ CES frictional losses per
Roughness Advisor cross-section
1D routing with limited
survey / e.g. extracted Reduce wavespeed for
from LiDAR routing model
1D hydrodynamic with
limited survey / e.g. Increase overbank
Manning's roughness
extracted from LiDAR
1D with survey Increase overbank
Manning's roughness
2d only Increase distributed
(e.g. roughness and
Tuflow/JFLOW/ISIS2d) hydrological losses
2d with intelligent sub-grid Increase distributed
hydraulic properties roughness and
(HEC-RAS 2d) hydrological losses
Opportunity to
1d-2d Linked represent roughness in Modify DTM directly to to add storage / Increased manning's Modify losses (rainfall
more detail in 2d areas
and hydrological losses
Changes to maximum
Lumped data-based model soil moisture storage Change time constants
(PDM, Catchmod, NAM, Cmax, potentially to in linear cascade
etc) quick flow time
constants
Semi-distributed Transmissivity
Wet Canopy
Hydrological model Evaporation
(e.g. Dynamic TOPMODEL, Overland flow speed
SWAT, HYPE) Antecedent wetness
Transmissvity
Wet Canopy
Fully distrributed Evaporation
(e.g. MIKE SHE) Overland flow speed
Antecedent wetness
Performance Tests for:
Synchronisation
Resilience Testing: Uncertainty Analysis /
Runoff Attenuation Features
Floodplain
(RAFs)re-connectionGully blocking Soil Structure improvements
Level of calibration Scenario Tests Backwater
Multiple extreme events Additional Checks / comments
Sedimentation;
Culvert Blocking
Ponds / swathes / When will floodplain This may result from de- This may involve Some of these can be used For modelling, there can be
Consider wider stocking (which might comparison with other This might be variation of This depends on scale of
bunds / on/off line flood, for what size advantageously - for large uncertainties and there
consider when they fill of event and how channel network and increase vegetation and estimates or detailed physical parametrers or instance slowing the flow in catchment and are formal frameworks for
and rate they drain will it drain down erosion risks roughness) or de- analysis of local gauges boundary conditions every other catchment hydrological gradients investigating these.
compaction
Backwater computation;
Estimate Storage;
Estimate additional None None Check Culvert manual are None Check culvert manual
of know flooding - see routing methods and depth-banding storage there relationships with
text in report upstream descriptors?
Represent physics of Represent physics of compute afflux or improved Useful for feeding in improved
different shear frictional losses per Sensitivity test different estimation of roughness and frictional losses to more
None None None None
stresses cross-section physics based factors feed this into a complex model
hydrodynamic model
Could increase compare with real Multiple return periods, if routing is simple such as Careful with simple routing
Reduce inflow attenuation Increase attenuation Reduce inflow boundary gauging data if real events + parameter KW or Muskingum, then Modifications to inflow units as key hydraulic effects
boundaries parameter in parameter available sensitivity analysis onlysynchronisation can be boundaries cannot be modelled
Muskingum unit tested
Reduce inflow May be worth building quick 2d
boundaries, could Compare with gauging Multiple return periods, Can test all above, may model to estimate effect of
represent sub-grid Increase Storage Increased manning's Reduce inflow boundary data if available. Can real events + parameter require model domain Modifications to inflow RAFs or culverts using screening
Area capacity or reduced inflows you improve with e.g. boundaries
RAFs with increased sensitivity analysis extension approach. Use with uncertainty
FEH Local
friction framework like GLUE.
Reduce inflow
boundaries, could Modify lateral weirs Compare with gauging Multiple return periods, Can test all above, may May be worth building quick 2d
represent sub-grid and roughness in Increased manning's Reduce inflow boundary data if available. Can real events + parameter require model domain Modifications to inflow model to estimate effect of
roughness you improve with e.g. boundaries RAFs or culverts using screening
RAFs with increased overbank sensitivity analysis extension
friction FEH Local approach. Use e.g. GLUE
Modify losses (rainfall Compare with ReFH or Create 2d rainfall fields Careful with sub-grid
Modify DTM directly to Modify DTM directly Increased manning's inputs reduced) e.g. FEH peak estimates; Multiple return periods, Can test all above, if 2d using e.g. Theissen representation if use large cells
add storage to add storage / or in-line RAF storage increase BFIHOST. Could drive with real rainfall real events + parameter model permits culvert unit weighting or spatial event- - limits channel definition.
roughness increase roughness if and losses, use FEH sensitivity analysis or some kind of equivalent
vegetation also changes local sets as in NFRR Assess uncertainties e.g. GLUE.
Modify DTM directly Modify losses (rainfall Compare with ReFH or Multiple return periods, Can test all above, if 2d Create 2d rainfall fields This type of model represents
Modify DTM directly to to add storage / Increased manning's inputs reduced) e.g. FEH estimates; drive real events + parameter model permits culvert unit using e.g. Theissen sub-grid detail in DTM through
add storage roughness. Add / or in-line RAF storage increase BFIHOST with real rainfall and sensitivity analysis or some kind of equivalent weighting or spatial event- storing hydraulic properties of
remove break-lines losses, use FEH local sets as in NFRR cell faces. Use e.g. GLUE
Modify DTM directly compare with real Multiple return periods, Create 2d rainfall fields New-build unlikely for NFM.
gauging data if real events + parameter Can test all above using e.g. Theissen Use with uncertainty
add storage roughness. Add / or in-line RAF storage inputs reduced) available sensitivity analysis weighting or spatial event- framework like GLUE.
remove break-lines sets as in NFRR
Change time Change time Require good gauge Multiple return periods, Theissen weighting and Use with uncertainty
constants in linear constants in linear Changes to Cmax data for confidence real events + parameter None kriging of rainfall across framework (GLUE)
cascade cascade sensitivity analysis domain
Synchronisation can be
Make more complex adjust wave speed Multiple return periods, examined, backwater and Theissen weighting and
Increase root-zone or floodplain and potentially treat Increase transmisivity Require good gauge real events + parameter culvert blockage require kriging of rainfall across Use with uncertainty
other storage representation as low time constant data for confidence sensitivity analysis additional hydraulic routing domain framework (GLUE)
storage model - diffusion wave
Adjust wave speed Vary a range of soil Compare with real Multiple return periods, Create 2d rainfall fields New-build unlikely for NFM;
Increase root-zone or Link with detailed and potentially treat parameters represented gauging data if real events + parameter Link with detailed hydraulic using e.g. Theissen some have uncertainty
other storage hydraulic model as low time constant in detail available sensitivity analysis model weightingor spatial event- frameworks built in such as
storage sets as in NFRR GLUE / SUZI
 Link to other modelling case
Evidence Directory case study: study
8. Woodlands for Water
24. Coalburn
25. Brackenhurst
26. Torne
27. Pontbren 16. Pontbren
28. Cary
29. Great Triley
30. Sussex Flow

Click here to download all woodland case studies

Measure type in matrix Specific measure type Modelled?
Tree planting All woodland types N
Tree planting Catchment woodland Y
Tree planting Catchment woodland Y
Tree planting Catchment woodland N
Tree planting Cross-slope woodland Y
Tree planting Floodplain woodland Y
Tree planting Floodplain woodland Y
Tree planting Floodplain woodland Y
Type of model
Opportunity mapping

Industry standard hydraulic model

Multiscale modelling
Standard 1D (HEC-RAS) and 2D (River2D) hydraulic models
1D-2D Model
Overflow model
Evidence Directory case study: Other modelling case study Specific measure type Modelled?
1. Tarland Runoff pathway management Y
2. Brompton Runoff pathway management Y
40. Afon Clywd 10. Clywd Runoff pathway management Y
41. Nant Barrog 9. Elwy Runoff pathway management Y
42. Debenham Runoff pathway management Y
43. Evenlode Runoff pathway management Y
44. Haltwhistle Runoff pathway management N
45. Trawden Runoff pathway management Y
Click here to download all runoff case studies
Type of model
Flood modeller and Tuflow
TOPMODEL
Flood modeller ID model
Flood modeller and Tuflow
Jflow+model, Flood modeller and Tuflow

1D- Flood modeller

Evidence Directory case study: Other modelling case study Specific measure type Modelled?

1. New Forest River restoration Y

2. Mayes Brook River restoration Y
3. Avon River restoration Y
4. Dorset Frome River restoration Y
5. Glaven 7. Glaven Floodplain restoration Y
6. Chelmer Floodplain restoration Y
7. Mill Brook Floodplain restoration Y
8. St Austell Floodplain restoration Y
9. Eddleston Floodplain restoration Y
10. Padgate Brook Floodplain restoration Y
11. Low Stanger Floodplain restoration Y
12. Pickering Leaky barriers Y
13. Stroud Frome 5. Frome Leaky barriers N
14. Bowmont Leaky barriers Y
15. Devon Beavers Leaky barriers N
16. Belford 14. Belford Leaky barriers Y
17. Blackbrook Leaky barriers Y
18. Calder and Brun River restoration Y
18. Tutta Beck Leaky barriers Y
19. Beam Offline storage area Y
19. Medlock River restoration Y
20. Holnicote 3. Holnicote Offline storage area Y
20. Ribble River floodplain restoration N
21. Lustrum Beck 13. Lustrum Offline storage area Y
22. Guisborough Offline storage area Y
23. Swindale Valley Offline storage area Y
Click here to download all river and floodplain case studies
Type of model

MIKE SHE/MIKE 11 coupled hydrological/hydraulic model

Detailed hydrological modelling

Hydraulic modelling
1D and 2D model. Lumped rainfall runoff model

Catchment simulation model. Hydraulic model. A coupled hydrological–hydraulic model called 'OVERFLOW'
Deskbased studies and catchment walkovers

HEC-RAS hydraulic model. Flood Modeller model. Pond network model. Topmodel. Topcat
1D flood modeller. Flood modeller and Tuflow
Flood modeller, Tuflow and Jflow
SCIMap and CRUM4 model

ID Flood modeller
1D-2D Model. Hydrologic and hydraulic modelling

Excel modelling tool. Flood modeller and Tuflow 1D-2D model

Excel modelling tool. Flood modeller and Tuflow 1D-2D model
Evidence Directory case study: Other modelling case study Specific measure type Modelled?

34. Ray 11. Thames headwater Headwater drainage management Y

35. Moors for the Future Headwater drainage management Y

36. Exmoor Mires Headwater drainage management Y

37. Pumlumon Headwater drainage management N

38. Eycott Hill Headwater drainage management Y

39. Dunruchan Farm Headwater drainage management Y

Click here to download all runoff case studies
Type of model

Hydraulic modelling

Jflow

Hydrological model
Evidence Directory case study: Specific measure type Modelled?
4. Wensum Soil and land management Y
12. Eden Soil and land management Y
15. Hodder Soil and land management Y
17. Wyre Soil and land management Y
31. Hills to levels Soil and land management Y
32. Roe/Ive Soil and land management Y
33. Water Friendly Farming Soil and land management Y
Click here to download all runoff case studies
Type of model
WaTEM/SEDEM model
SWAT, Hype and INCA

Fieldmouse