Iconstruction 2 EARTIMOVING MATERIALS AND OPERATIONS Entiat 1 ante sd poocesing = nt ets ensricton ageemens of etn, elerson, ema eistne ome and son. Production of Eartmoving Equpanent ‘The ast rebtinsip fer esting he prodnton fal eamoving equipment billows Production = Volume per que > Gyles per our “he cox peru of proc ny by clad flows Eguipmect cost pe owe Comper nk ofproduton = Pe ost e Fuipment production pee boar 1, S01, NOLUCMECHANGE CHARACTERISTICS Bon: Moi ints ana ate efor strane ‘ose tl ta as We scat ot ded, Tamia Metra compaction Swell {it nets in Ye whe i ene bec eel ria Ieee “org estonia fil the wid spaces este w (Weis perbankwouime _) swen 0%) ~ Graemparcosevorme 2) 29° Strtnage "Willis compact, some of ht frou of ess wid spaces og _ Welat per bank volume sonia 09 = (1 Tiepercomraed om) 1° n conversion, & prone ern akon apne conan sla ‘stcomnoato ene etter = (etches ‘actor ~ (Weight per bank unit volume) ~ T+ swell Weg por oak vole Srage actor = (< Webtperbankutevotune_) er conpaced ni ORIG Pa ag < = Ee ~ fe mo he = Yate aes: ese arg a COMED Dg ney ahr eee UR he mek Stl 1). Chek ete) See Ch) Comes ample) Nes Vs + Gow) | <> [Xe © Mls = oratage 0? A= NaChrwvall) Me = Vp CIM sbeiage) aw BM Cdrmlege” a A Corel) BG Costontege’ 4 = fewell BL sh vage= F200 van for x (= 8) p aS BCH bs se Ee ie equipment leet consisting of production of 180 RCM. shat i Ok 95 + OU) = tats Soaps te Se Qo Aen ¢ f-s3 Buripment Arnaucton = BORON per hr Te 3. A soil weighs 1089 kgm? loose, 1383 kgm? inplace, and 1633 kgim? compacted Find the swell and shrinkage of his soi. Frc He acel Rcheinteye Goctor Swell Ch) Shumbage C/) Lonel Pacha: Ganka, Pathe | NE = Net svete Ne= eC slonbene’) ML = Ve Crtwuret”) Bee HC otra lge) s ae & =—* = VAT AE. HE Cltanen) te. WH he me ahs Coben) Tas Lt py (lt) hier shembe = 0,153 ewell= 0.2 = [ay] (=z, IL SPOIL BANKS ‘When planning and estimating earthwork, it is frequently necessary to min the sizeof the ple of moral tht wil be create by the mara removed Grote ‘A soil’s angle af repose is the angle thatthe sides of « spoil bank or pile ‘naturally form with te horizontal when the excavated soil is dumped onto the ple / A Triangulor Spl Banke Ifthe pile of matecal i long in relation co its wid, it is refered to as a spoil bank Spoil ns are characterized by a rangular cross sion ‘Volume mt Area Length wy Bx tank, +a=(a) ae |B. Conical Spoil Pile Ifthe material is dumped from a fixed postion, a spo ple is created whieh as a conical shape ‘Volume = 1/3 x Base Area x Height v-$(G0")@) Ve CS Eh)Sample Problem (pmol cole elon Find the sie of Canis rested by the scan of 362 REM ot ay. The soi Gell is 30nd is angle of epose is 35°. yar Nt ~ eB i NU = Vo Citavell) teow = $ 50RD a ~aar(rtom) datos $ (Go) (S095) = He tek oletee | e Sate oy [o= Fao] = [a ben J sins arte nti neice aces = $2 ee ieiitnrigar bation een SS yy NU= Ve Cleae lt) Leg cup) bs EbBRE) = ALB Ape ye Cltereh) ft Awe 46C4 6287 sass £5 (4 toss) ery huss = Gs a = = e0lm | fore pesm] (Ee | Cuscately re) ILL. ESTIMATING EARTHWORK VOLUME @ Ins bee N= Ae Neve. ‘When planing or estimating an earthmovine project, it is often necessary to estimate the volume of matril o be excavated or placed a il Aa eS is anectogre alee eng 2) -@e fume salons a oc . Volume = RiGRRIMREP Average Depth Yes Gite) -L was ‘IL Trench Excavation - (for utility lines) sa fat Mn 4 © Volume = Cross — sectional Area x Length Lave Areas - (excavating or ging envey lage aes) -—— Sum of products of dep, Weil - ‘Sum offveights Sauple odie aupaebe ‘Fi the vohue of excasconequied forthe mea sown. The fae a ned ‘arid_imterseetion represents the depth of cut at that location, _PSTEGHSESEHFEPRESERETER!Hcrizoutal Daizusoa: peek Sede “me as a4 —+ ohare = Area + beve = [8 ele A de 3-2 Chea ot) a Seat xR) | Geer) 1B Nrewrer 9 We Vat Veedge 3 We 2 Inca 9 WeTING AND LIFTING EXC “Excavating and Lifting Equipment “An excavator is defined as a power-driven digging mchine, The major pes ‘of excavators used in carthmoving operations inciude hydraulic excavators and the members of the cable-operated crane-shovel family (shovels, draghnes, hoes, and clamshell). Dozes, loaders, and scrapers can also serve as excavators Excayator Production In order to estimate the production of an exeavator sing the uation, 8 necessary to know the volume oF lod. ‘mlrial actually contained in one bul i Plate fn capacity (CE MAY 2022) is the bucket volume contained thin the bucket when following th€ QM the bucket sides, fi, Sic capacity is he bucket capacity when the ond is SURI sh with the bucket sides. i, CST capaci asses level of materi ash eee tie Gaul fe! corepends wc ‘a that wou result if the bucket were filled with water, fv, Heaped volume isthe solute that can be placed in the bucket ‘without spillage based on a specified angle of repose forthe material in the bucket ‘A beter estimate of the volume of material in one bucket load will be obtained ifthe minal bucket volume is multiplied by a bucket fil fctor or bucket efficiency factor. Sample Problem ee oe = 1. Bs he actual ucket load in bank measure fora shovel bucket whose ae = om ands ‘The shovel is excavatingisandamdigrawele ae Taped, Whe ere Petal) backer bead ~ Heapeal Wiline >< BEE po ba on = 124 x 046 Gon en)[HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR Te rial and mos commen frm of hkacaly powered excavator the iat excratorexuiped wth whe ont end. This machine also called Incbane ho ot hyde escvutr- bacon, A. Bachoe (oc spy hoe) is covrvi designe ior fr cao bg gas Av wae pti dns Fouling eda bck vd eine = Production Estinatng recon (4/4 St d E~ job efficiency Table: Standard cycles per hour fr hye > Gaijsivent ctor for wench production tactor-(0a). The mnimam wee eo 0.66 he Sa a ieee Sg nt en ie The mR agin he cava gars miss phetisany pecaliuaee = Q 3) oO 9. (530) frncincken COMM yn = [0% Biv 5; mae] Py x depo NL i) bt we "CO fre Dyson, 3S SSIS ACM /he =< (UF = 099) Aachen} s (Go 4 I53 des = atm pal) = 2388 27 ~ 48) oTm/ie ome Gol snl soe} = Le 9-6-0 Tz = ws poe Oh am} Ms O.%um X1.53m [ "i C=[b0 athe 9. A nda exci icGvaing the fra age lan. “he til vit 8 ‘Retr oF 050 sien Te masines is wv ri fuiical eee enth hs buck il or of O80. 1 effete quale a SOanin hoe erage sting sale QR Estat he holy Frvion ances Ccyy dha Guceart Koo a nb an) (ieSeae « (ig)] + me +90 - [wa] it ~b to aes = 0.855TAS Bees J (we J = Hye ya | ———S x adwa\ (mcket bel shut Te inhi oe i ela so shove nie ous one stow The nl sv ign acootaan of comang ace anderen ak (crpryng fe ‘Cronng fore peste by he tke finer nda he cht e009 ‘eof ters foe pot y ‘Breobowe free is seoeated by the chr ylnder a cath cht eg a 8 angen othe ar fhe ais hoe poe. "ee santa eto bane Production Fstimating =< ‘Production (LOM/) = CXS x Vx Bx = a petite LEM = = 28> ek fl acs = = = Ea sebemieney = p secre yp NTBOEN = BFF O3® ete) See, alo. 0.388 . Beara nente senha Keating = $= 0-78 (by wtrpSation) >; } o © @ Frduchva Goifme) [yee 2] (ARH) 058 VOTE © BID Lg x O77