Types Of Che cces y - i) Apial clvers - boading on Lhe Coubapidal opi . W) Nogmal Ctrese — Pen she [Compressive ta) Peat Crete = load is tangential to tHe loody vv) Remding ctr — whem a load if ayy away dom te fixed poimt yy Fe Lb Pnthivdthouy tea OF t= Lpetimen tov the Lawph applica fovee. vi) Exp rerning -1 be og Por now w (m4) >oO-5 . ' BF Shrersth of material [6 fare In OW they 1S isotrephc “ > taisotropic - Skrensth Ts not Sawe IW an 3° Aawe Chou pot—> oAthoico tropic — Chrendth will be Same ty Creer) avy 2 direction Mildfteet - 0.25- 0.29 Cost Won oe ogy : ably = oF Cork §& Atamond~ 6 as th is wigid Ghas = pad - AY — 0.28 Proass - Ordy Concerebe - O27 , Gpla — o-uy, Yourgte modulus! EE: 2 . Pla oO € Y. Cactog of Mbelys gation vf may Sires to SL allowate Strrg ip called for.let dre to Self weight 5 Pefogmre dro % [es Pf DAE fo AY Ane t+ id brary by - He aye | towiead oped bet: Reclaw gu! _Lepere ct bat - In % [eae . Narain Ear, ' " ums = arty ee ce Le 7D bu po then fina 5 Cov ; 2 7 — —_— Por eAltve toy = UTS ‘ ‘ ANVIL, Sima, Nield threat MAlowrble Ceres | — Story Maye rane Obpertd by He body wren 3 hubjected to load, CTeep | Tire © Cempeadur deformation,Demsmrprrces fp mating aq teclomicat few. Steps: ) Pecoguy tion need n) Pepin tow Oh prcbten, vw) Gyntheris ) Bnalyot and ophmization NV) Evaluathou : NY) pre Sentatou TaRey ager tay —— Mi bs & ‘Dok y PPAIM Neeted OY Dryidity 7 Actiggs lire A OM Stems)- Linc theriny meant Wis POF posse te: : get exact Avensiony due fo Wunan ov macs, CMY ete will be (one Variation , The pernarisible variation va cated Unit Vppes Wei p. Move Vario 04 loiseL THe LY min vacierhou Piegarees UL=-LL possess! ( vociation owhy iW tve ov VE) EM 045 = a ) Bilateray, (uestation te BI) ote tod eo ache Nese. oaks , 1 ote Ae WX Vve\e, / hole Ay Hele Velen, owes devig Vote PORPE dewta = Sh na lowes Roan ese? Mole Oy Paty Poth . 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Fo.o3s — = . 4o000 2-7 LL drat aa DT OOKD UL — NG — tL fiye Breet cmnnh (obsess AD Mae eran te. ‘ (0039 O11G) & ©. )Se os pan Aenean (© t 008) 2 00Kle (hat rn RAW Smear Ady 4 WurlP > Weary $ gp fee may Pray —> SVr0s4 Y sV.043 ry my Wray Tah Mos, HD = 8055 =—= 'y an u Lo BV OMS HSO.pre 2 OcOlL i 12 a - — Moda of failure: ———_— 1) Frac Me, YD Tlastie ) ) Li ddlivy, —— Doyvess AM to eccentric (Waring , The londigy actw ou dle body awey fron Ane Centidat ale ts catted eecewtie lol, = QR A hollow aveulag column Cattiu a 7 : prvjectiry bracket ted — enppords (oat Of DEKN os Shsun, The distems from awis ge colemn te fe lent ts swt, The fame, Rg Colman 1g OB Bm Deed i col is wee fe eros wiry Pos = 4, § yred SP x fe By TOR Me cols 6 teipeed Om te Gas $ ‘on ot he enter} 4 le Sores § ComgpressiO Aw mot 14 De Brernos F ColmCol’ pr rtyer , eae SU = WO Hf Pauw doe of —— Men Cay, * ~ _ omy & nee SoM tau, Foy 5 2 Sun SL ety epee g, “ep ot Concre TAS/ Sig long a P oy Corns} edeos, & . te Beat at Alaet -ai* ) . \ + VF CW xy i eee A I 1 F (C407~ oeta,") Pers \a sO yd Neiat Compre ~ BENS 5 ast [1~ 04) ~~ ENF ao 50 Vege Congle te & Ps M = 2x wo I25 90 EN mo FY & (at ai’) ve by Ww oe oe, UE thro > \rIsakes ay 2 cP se act [an |e sox)y O-M = Bow VAS 346-5 3s Ka 4 ae Av* cle ASAE Fay — SUSU ts dor = SDA & ATH y — SFuUbY-15d0 = Wado D+ YR [wrt ao _ Reg or nad] = 90 A,*- ait Cat - ait Cia. 323) d0 _ Aw = : Ay” —.u9% dot ae! -0. bude” {DVO Ara sida NS > % OF4 0% AS O- So dy® (orQS bse S&-B4) xo Age Ag™ (SUPx 1 sy avs IAS LEY — eh. 44 shy = O-OT do? Ay > 2-443 Ai ~ Wao ¢ EE ae C do > Hitmen, ais Bm) Gb Shett Ly dresetary (oped power at [borg Fing Quiewe tia OF ttt Op wer doaqre erceeds fre mean teayre by arth, More PT = OM PA Sp > wget Rete, ~ bo y - eR > tT gore? re time boxed “ _ bo 2 Trem, 2 SUA BH NM e Troy > bE. Nw _ TL Te c= WT Ly apxwh = Seaman gah Bmxad_—_—_—- © ayy vMl el Margy a Compa Hing oh flay We dees allowablr Chear (reets pu Chofh rretrttal 46 Ain OP thot tt, ghegh ts wet te Woh rere [ee pcg ee Lets ho tn ptove > 50 bpq Wy oq mL Ge pe 2mNs cA L 60 Despwrs BF FV Meor} Gover Bor» Coors =e a ~ A Te SVIS. NbN J AR s ee vad ia Ay a Vbe SVG Tv —_—— -* Go ae L SVs Wo MOT» Corotyangy yay hy +t 4fon astle Thy bea Se ppert Ry bcaeits at Ms ent aasiey WH forme, Web ero Phy vbr’ of Loc igh ON al eto 9 a erie t ¢ yh Shinar? Gomer Fa . M “ — ° q y a & Yew \ 4 _ 6oOx*I0” aay as Tey” 4 QL _ & principal Stress ~ Up aril, WAtionsl, bendiy (rohrer mor Joah One load eoic bun, mee pe mt dy plara, tHe plane duly have KOWAL Lim galacipal plac. \ = Tht eo oly hoy Strea (trey | rows a Max Chear Cores plo - for mor G min principal stres, no Ear ae Vat wo] a= [cares (ananoton L max PAncipal CELEa) . mm Moye Cor [HERES] a tne a= 4(Co: ry) ~ (@-sirvny | \ win prnci pas Mrens .theosies of failvre ; 1) Moe PMncipde Cores theory ey Raukine Theory) Ace tee Mais Ae my Wore material will fai\ Why | the marimum prin Chress in le Complex 6 trey Cycter equal to we yield poimk in He De brit 7 Single Fencile bese. ee brittle materials’) | > a> Ste Fo Ui) Mae Cheay ctrecs theory Coloumb quest theory o, = ‘ TSieta point eo» Tresca theory 1. Ace te Hh theory th matredal will fell olen mac Cheat Aves in compley girs yc tem equal to Anyied Coes in Cimple tencile tect Gr - & er I => Cae = Tyt 2 2xFoo . (tox ductile materiale) Tvs) Mav principal Strain Theory (or) faint venance Mee Ace to tls theory tHe material will fri) wen max principal Strain in compley teres yc bom yield point strece in the equal to oe ote ten tile «— EeSESoO - Moe a L . BW E E _ Foc xk a ange Meena (ory \- Ae = Ut Fos Wv) May Shear Cerein Energy trenry (00 Distortion meray theory (0 Henky (ov) von - mices ‘Theovy 1. Ace to thig the material will fail when the max dictoy on energy per unit vdure in Complex Strveee SyCbem eqmol to tee Alstoy bon a: ol The lend ow a board concicts of an AVAL gutl Of Io KN with a brancverte Cheag fosee of SEN find The diameter of balk cc, Ae Vay principal Clrere Ahepay jinay Cheon Stre, co ; W ftrain Uneesy Deane principal thraie the ony nar erent eesyy eecry mae Shear Cerin energy teem Pormicsite tensile Ckrecs = (00 Mpa ak elactic Umit w= 03 Pe = WKN | Pe = SKN , 6%, ~\00 Mpa a. Pe \o x10" 2 $3e kr ws > oY > KN Ir A at ar }m =f ° . Tt Ts px >» t= 6266-143 Ba A Txa” av eee ae edi + wey ary? (ae v at Ll ar al) leat + 32ur\ ae L L ~ oN aM ei \r ay + (S006 ae av Lv\ a Tho 2 © ar [ow Ima 2 3 De 7 Jet yare 400% Wm re ) “\ oye a e v 3b = twp x to x Nf a arte \estba rot A x 0 01234 Mm is) Trap = Coe a 4003 . too xiv! z aa: a 2 aA 13ew2 moro | (5364 7 o>” 26 100 nyo? —3r ar Io\boOs\ _ tov xr0® 77a W) my et oHtag = (“J Ls UG ; > y wy ‘ “2634 iat oe e}resfhe |e bom TEA UZLFO\VG = AY —~ te vy) A=13-4mmss PT utbatrou! — Tt - + x “™y ee So ales 1 ya Jena 4 cyt | : nm = 3s TRH w nyt ‘ ——— Stress concentra Bion BL cannot be avoided but can be MAdUicect | Stress concentration factor theoretical _ he ay tere esse a SoM - (oasis: Hee LN be The mae stress Com, fille te Sharp comer mrektuwy te Ltrees Conc & awicls Cracking Of fin” onraterial ‘hor a We te! FR es 2 kee 12%), nominal 19 Tre ky - LAS ehowivalPy Civeutay crece bec Lien — ry % Hats mresy “nowdnal fos frreutag — CaVsg- te Chow | mar pve of 2 kanes Nomdnst | Qe Rnd We mar Okrers cuted wwe the. Follouiy Q Cates . Vaking Steers — Wone into account, =) A rect plate borivmm wit a hole wan Aaa Gubjccked fom a vemmle Voadk 4; \teER WA 5 eepped Chapt as Meron in Pixs ne arias Fen dibe load Ro WEN.To En OL fiom dad bok. 0 Commerp—_—yatre Ne, tb % ‘s fre | ) man = now ees = ON fut UT > bres Nam, WD eB. DL con A wy y rr) A Uw 3 Srom 2? Po, Ite et? A - ne D (rsp? 2 Vay x04 rt bose Sy Shouse DUM. Siew NJ mae = Fe Som Fn = 366. KE ca