Peaches) © Skimming for the General Idea The word hybridrefers to something | that hes been produced by combining elements or charecerstes from two very diferent souces. Skim the artice ‘Use what oa steady koow sow timing to fnd the gear ide of the reading This wil Fire yous comer tohelp you deride ee veal. ‘This article focuses on —__ 1. the new types of cars on the matket, inchuding gasoline-powered, elect, and hybrid cars by differen car companies b. the hybrid car itself, how it combines features of gasoline-powered and electric cats, and the reasons frit being produced the various ways to get better mileage from your car and how fuel tanks and batteries can be used to store energy ‘Scanning for an Important Word n Contest Increase Your Understanding \Wher yu sa a word that sams ipo a the begin of ae rin the tle ard youre rot completly sos mean san th arte forthe werd | is ferent contents o heen your uersondi ct @ Sconning for an Important Word in Contest Scan te beprig of he articles 1-20 forthe wor ytd anver the loin quesiors 1. Why are hybrid cars now considered important? 2. What two different element recombined in the hybrid car? 104 cuaprens Stra Infert Chay thei of wor infer perme nAStrategy Inferring Meaning In Chapters 1 and 2, you prectced te sl inferring the meaning of words from their context. Now, extend that sil by inferring the meaning of expressions, groups cof words that have a special meaning when used together. Remember tht an inference can aso be called an “educated quess."You guess what something means ‘besed on what you know about the general idea or context bebind © inferring the Meaning of Expressions from Context and Vocabulary Now tat youknow the general ea ofthe are read the statements below and try to infer make an inference abou the mearing othe Phrases or expressions in these questans. Use the hint to hep you. . With so much emphasis being paced on the environmen, hybrid cart have ‘emerged as one ofthe lading ways that we as inlviduals can docu i, Hint: Here the “environzent fers tothe natural world that urrounds us andi stated thatthe environment ia somehow elated to hybrid car. In this sentence, de or bit means ® Find more options fr transportation ®D ceonribure peste to our suroundings ®D andestand she leading problerns of wban ie 2, In act, hybd ars have @ lo more to offer than being more environmentally fiiendly and reducing our carbo footprint. Hint: The two qualities listed for hybrid cars are connected by and, which suggests tht they ae close in meaning. Reducing our carbon foviprint here D causing less damage tothe envionment ®D ceasing more damage tothe environment © ceasing no damage tothe environment ‘3. In a gasoline-powered car, grsoline i supplied tothe engine by the Fuel tank. ‘This is then ignied and used to power the transmission, Hint Think about what must happen to gasoline inorder to convert into ‘movement. In this sentence, ignited means D adeed towater ® broken down D tron fice High Tosh Low Tech 1054. An electric car produces me emissions because there is 50 combustion involved ia the driving ofthe vehicle. Hint: Notice the reason given here is that there is no combustion (burning) in an electric car. So produces no emisions means. D ends out no smoke or xe ®D creates no light or sounds © causes no accidents or injuries 5, However, electrical bateies have a comparatively low capacity and need regular recharging Hint The prefix re- means again, The word charge can have many meanings, such as: fo accuse omeone with a crime; to pay with credit; tasupply, fil or lad something I tie sentence, ned regular echarging means ‘® anast be paid for again with credit D muede aceused again D aunnebe refiled often with energy 6. The standard car battery, though is ony cequied to recharge a mall portion of tieamponent in groliec Hint: Whea you have a portion of something, you havea pat oft. Components are parts ofa sytem or machine. lee, a smell portion ofthe components means D@ mothe pars D afew othe pars ®D sal pars ofa machine 17. A hybrid ear combines electric motors and a gasoline engine ro ge greter (performance... han an clectrc ca. Hints ‘The word performance can refer to diferent situations. Itean refer 192 resentation (ech a8 concer), to how comething functions or operates, oro sv aet or occurence, In this sertence, which s elated toa car, a give greater performance 08 ®D coimprove the fonction ®D coaccin great manner ®D rogivea etter concert 8. Arthe same time, it utilizes the electric bateres to greatly reduce emissions and improve fel omumptin. Hint: The word conunption is related tothe word comme, which means to me. So improve fue convumption means aanA D increase the amount of fuel used 3 D we fe vo make beter enisiont ; 4 © reduce the amount of fuel used on Nas 108 chartersiagan elec motor anda gasoline engine snot a easy 2 puting them both under the hood and ting Hem deter eum bing Hint Tod ones own thing is an informal expression that meses do tbat Jou-want orb independent. Here, letting them doer oun bing meane ® leing the mocor andthe engine work together D kewing the moro and the engine work individually ® letting the motor and the engine work very hard Introduction ‘Ar polution (sir contaminated by smoke, waste, or chemicals) has become a {growing concer inthe Gobel community, wth agreements euch as the Kyoto Protocol" aimed atrecucing ts devestatng effect onthe world. With more and tore people érvirg athe time, the autorove industry has become one of the big targets of messures to reduce poluton, The flowing selection presents one result | Sfiis fir to revolutionize the automotive industry: the hybrid er In ths selacton, yu wil lean terminology in English relating to the technology of automobiles, and you wil ago get to practice discussing the important iseue of climate control * What do you think about ar pollution? sito problem in the place where you ive? * Inyour opinion, what would the perfect carbo like’? «Aly carle more fel efictont. hough ost yi cars use deseo am aterave foc eee 38 sbanel a eo used sometnes. nthe US.com i tha prmary towne fos mong cans Souce: wiipedacry “The Kota Potoct n agreement of over 10 courts to reduce enisions ol greenhouse gases beeen he yeas 208 ard 2012by at ae 5 om 190 lees. h wos scoped byte Una Nets Framework Canienton on Clete Change 1967, HighTech, Lo 107How Hybrid Cars Work This With so much emphasis being placed on the environment, hybrid cars ag have emerged as one of the leading ways that we 2s individuals cen do our bit. How! Tn fact, hybrid cars have a lot more to offer than being more environmentally one friendly and reducing our carbon footprint. The technology is yo now well-developed and is recognized as being 2 serious advancement. acs How Gasoline and Electric Cars Work a To look at how hybrid cars work, we need to take a basic look at how coe sgsoline and electric cas respectively ae used to drive a car, Methe + In a gasoline-powered car, gasoline is supplied to the engine by the fuel ea tank. This is then ignited and used to power the transmission which then as pu tums the wheels, giving the car motion. This isa very basic and simplistic iy explanation, but it covers the essential steps in a cars drive train method trans (how the transmission connects to the cars driving wheels) when using a um gasoline engine. *Th + Ancclectric engine uses batteries to provide power tothe engine. The power sim is again sent to the transmission which drives the vehicle. An electric car eng produces no emissions because there is no combustion involved in the pro driving of the vehicle. However, electrical batteries have 2 comparatively + Th low capacity and need regular recharging. They also produce less power dire than a combustion engine and provide a vehicle with les performance than cos a strictly gasoline-powered engine. ing : pus Electric Batteries and Car Engines ber Electric engines tend to use the motion of the car to help recharge their i batteries, in the same way that a gasoline car battery is recharged. The standard car battery, though, is only required to recharge a small portion Falak Basins see ergy eal o gored Fl Tk stores energy ves NDetteries stor er or orange of 30 mt mare i 2 Trrantion eens 3) Feb yider “sFipen 3 shows opi pr spel ak ard ges engine Fue! sions ges power Khas af tank which Figure? done a leer ca wichhaso eet baler Si nes en sett sxppescarolne tt fouryledar engine. Gos ar tha prove let tan lotic mote, Batters ge Seneca nan egies can operate speeds of vp 10000 rp theca rengec! about 50-100 mies. cadet Seb te lect motr edt pepiion pone 108 cHartensThis meant a sella, eum Hat isnot requized to dive the vehicle This means a smaller battery can be used ok the regular driving of the 2s ‘vehicle ensures thatthe Battery remains charged and serviceable. the same ctmance and loger traveling distances te clecttic car. At {he sume time i utilizes the cet batteies Breatly reduce emissions and improve ful consumption. The end sults vehicle that is better for the sp Sotonment but ill ofers a isle means of tanspor fs owner, Mothods of Combining Gas and Electric. purpose generator. The electrical power creed by this generator can then og be Used to either recharge the batterce (0 drive the transmission and Provide the car with the propulsion power it needs Fl tak 2 Boers store energy cecnarad Irom behing a gener ee Fat Generate 3 Detteiar — ‘Vreumssen siniar elects ony rode ‘AFloue 3 shows yp or at ives th onsrission The re mole comet the ‘oteree seth een recovered tem bat ten tat pendent. Ae red opal yr tebe clei nota end th ges eng cane Prpulenoner |ahTeeh, ow Tech 109= =": The Advantages of a Hybrid Engine Ow F One of the biggest advantages in creating a hybrid caris that the gesoline te combustion engine cin be considerably smaller than the one in a standard a gasoline car. This can mean fewer cylinders, lighter parts, and a more efficient engine load. This means that the car will use substantially less 2 fatale while being dven under normal clramatanees, offering better fuel ’ 12 consumption and less-damaging emissions parmped into the atmosphere. 2. How Hybrid Cars Work to Use Different Energy Sources a © + Generally, a hybrid car uses the gesoline engine for constant and ideal driving conditions such as steady and constant speeds. Because itis much ‘ smaller, this already means a reduction in emissions while providing 2 5. more than adequate amount of power necessary to drive the car under 8 these conditions. . + The electric motor will usually conic into play when the car is put under i extra pressure and requires a little extra assistance. Driving up hill, accelerating, and driving in difficult conditions will normally mean that s the electric motor will give an additional push and ensure that the hybrid 10. — car has ample power to perform any task. no Hybrid Car Technology 2 4 Hybrid cars have advanced considerably in a relatively short space of a3 time, and new techniques and processes are being evolved to further reduce 4 both gas consumption and harmful emissions. Modern hybrid cars work in such a way tha iti possible to greatly reduce your fuel consumption without having a detrimental effect on the pesformance or range of the car. Source: “om pri Cars Wok” a appeared on wwwhowhytiearoerk com. Courtesy of yndkngdoncom 9& Using 2 | cra ade) | betwen as qusies objects 0 Strategy Leorning Specialized Terms Learting speciized terme abou topic can elpyou understand the reading ‘Specialized trms inthe article “How Hybrids Care Werk" are words that you might when talking about automobies. 110 chaprens© Inferring the Meaning of Specialized Terms Metch ech termon the |eft tothe correct definition onthe right. Fora term you are not sure abut, scan the ‘tcl or chegras fort. and use the context to nferits meaning, Terms Definitions 1. ful tank fine 8] 2: soins er eof ; something turns) a transmission [linc 9] the slowing dow ofthe car 3. four-eylinder engine lig ns down ts : eon © acar where the geoline engine's purpose ito recharge the btteries 4. __— parallel hybrid fine 37] Ee dive the tanenieen & ‘components (line 24] 4. an engine driven by evergy produced 8 electric motors fine 27) eae a machine that converts mechanical 7, — propulsion power [line 40] fomebarialenegy sa 8. ___ braking [Figure 4] {ow fast something moves 9, efficient [Figure 3} 4. the storage place in aca for gasoline 10, ____ series hybrid [line 41] +h. a cat with transmission power from anelectc motor anda gaslin engine i 2 motor with four chambers in 12, generator line 45] le 19, —_ pm [Figure 1] 5: producing results with minimal 14, speeds Figue 1 eto ke machines that comet eletcty into mechanical neyo motion —— combustion engine [line 19] 1 parts that make up a whale 1m. the force to move something nthe vehicle part that transmits power froma the engine tothe whedls © Strategy Using a Graphic Organizer Chart for Comparison Creating a chart cen often help you clearly eee the saris and differences between diferent objects or concepts Fst, make ast of portant fectors or ules onthe let. Then put columns across the top with the name of hedferent objets or concept, and iin the specific rubs ex descriptions fr each. See the chart in Activity 5 for an exagle. Filling Out a Chart for Comparison Look at the degrams for he gos powered car, the electric car, the paral hybrid, end the series hybrid to try to Understand the similares and ferences betwen these types of cars. Work together to ilin the chert on page 112, putting 2 check mark (to indicate the cars that have the qualities decribed inthe column onthe lf. igh Tech. Low Tech 1142 1. Hae fuel tank Car elo 2, Has ators to store enecay 3. Can operate ot speed of up to 8c0pm 4. Has a roge of 50-100 mos | I 5 Runs only on electty 6. Has a gerantor 8. Has both a ureyinder engin ad an elec mctor | | 7. Hiv fic orn | ‘cnapter s 9. Has a foursyinde engine in | | tho trunk ack reo Talking i Over Discs loony qvestons wth agate Atrnré, compare your pons wth hose of wo ar clansmen. 1. Doyouknow anyone who owns hybrid ca Whats ou opinion of hb ean? 2. Would it be better for society if more people owned one? Or should we all be, encouraged to move to purely electric cars? Why or why no ‘3. Should there be laws and regulations that push forward the manufacturing of| hybrids? Why or why not? 4, How are the series and parallel types of hybrid cars different? Which is beter, in your opinion, and why? 5, Can you think of possible ways to get consumers to buy hybrid or electric cars? Weite down thiee persuasive things you could tll consumers that would get thea to buy hybrid cars @ Researching a Gadget New technology's coming ou al the time to provide ‘us with new products that propose to make our lives easier or more enjoyable. Some ofthese products oe large, lke cers. but others are gadgets, small ‘mechanical devces that we can camry arcund and use in our homes and at work, Look atthe ist below, and choose a gadget you'd tke to research an e-Reader (Kindle [Touch, Fire), Nook, Kobe) ‘an iPhone” or other smartphone with wireless Internet access an iPad” or other tablet other: — on 2 Le eG Ider Alp inw UndFir ut evening you can abet this gadget, What canto? Why it fan Cor not {um thee? How much does eos? Whee can you gett Yau can ak about yur ‘oun experience wth the gedget. lock ip onthe ntemet or go toa store whore the gadgetis gold. Toke notes on your fncings and come to cass prepared to tak about it either to the whole class orn mal group. You may even want to bing your gadget you ‘akeady own one! Main Ideas and Details Leapfrogging the Technology Gap Eee) ©. "dentifying the Pattern of Organization in a Reading ‘Allprofessionalwritng has some set structure. Professional writr ae creel in wire they pu ther main points and how they organize their space detaie - Understanding the logic behind this structure helps you understand beter wha is ; ‘being communicated and also helps you improve your onn ably to wite wa eee ae anasaueuenessnsnEnO REDE SOREIIS O ieentitying the Pattern of Organization Look atthe tite, ihistrations, aed nstucions of the arte cn pages 17-118, What problem is tenga? | What lions being offered? Now that you know the topic, ry to identify the way the ate is organized. This can elp you to read it more easly. Fit look quick atte foloving three common patter. Thon take a coupe oF minutes to skim the etl. After you rich, read the three patterns with more care and te which patter best describes the atle's ‘organization Pattern 1: From General to Specitic * Description ofa problem + Deserton ofthe solution(s) + History of why the problem ests * Examples toiustate the problem ond sltion14 ‘CHAPTER § Potter 2: From Specific to General av + Description of«rumber of spectic examples ofa larger problem ae * Explonation of the problem and ts history + Stone) Pattern 3 From Specific to General to Specitic * One specie example to atract readers’ interest andintroduce the topic * Doserption ofthe problem + Dessiption ofthe slutin(s) + Further examples to develop end itustate the problem and sostion © Outlining the Specific Details The ance uses detalled examples ofthe {types of technology thet can ply an imgortent role in underdeveloped counties, but these detais come out most clearly in the specific locations used to irate o them. Scan the ete to deny which areas (cies end/orcoutres) he author uses to present exemples end wie the areas below: © Analyzing the Main Point (Thesis) of an Article Before reading the 2 atl, answer the questions below 1. The fllowing quotation presents the min point ofthe aril: "Villages Uke Rob have been esribed as leeproggers: corumunites or even whol counties in the developing world that are commuriestion technologies to leapfrog directly from being an agricultural to an information economy” From the quotation above, what doc he tem lepfeg mean? What wo words snake up this compound word? What metaphor (image of one thing representing anothes) do you get from this term? The image of a ‘A Leplogging ina ony or oe — _——___ presents Explain how one thing could represent the other.2 What do you think agra comet What 29 information economy? 3 noua teil, eu ow a0 ne TE ‘economy usually comes Between a ‘erica and an iformation economy soni skied over in these TeapoREins” counties? ‘Understanding Compound Words ‘Awarber of word inthis rl, ke the words leapfrog or schoolcidren in the second Atoce ae aculy compound words ee Chat} Hae 10, to review what ompound words ae and how to guess their meering) © Understanding Compound Words Figue ou the meant of the vimpound words inte folovrg sentences by bredhng therm up into parts or fp loking atthe context. Mat teeter of Pate attest expresses the mening of each underined compound word 1. Schoolchildcen are secing their eountry$ mos favs Janda for the fit time. eect (Co sa monuren ing or oe jer a ees 2 sypicl marker oa the land ] splorofland market ou fora howe whe PHP ] animpostat peso, ike palin or police fier sa. Ande wilage economy staking of uted y the ofits handmade sk searveson the global market. B] keept lose at hand CH made with apatern of handprints CE anade by hand not by #-macine $ a, Bach vehicle [otoryee] has a transmicerthat allows itto upload and Alowaloud email and data GH to move the computer mouse wp and dows while ding ina vehicle © 10 meve infomation wp [em eile fo SDNPEES serve] and 10 tm atin bck dwn rom server t Yi CH topockage and unpackage the compute before and after lading itn oe pe caries information paces tat ned du fur econrses made rom or afsmen and att who gave way 0 industrial production. BH people who are sneaky ad crafty GH people wo make cats with theirs © ower in ange indus factories ighTech, Low Tech 115 ——5 Widespread industria! development wood stil eave mich of Aca, As Latin Ameria a generation behind Europe and North America, ® exweading al over the globe ® cicculation in tited areas D widely recognized by many people 8: ‘The Internet kiosks [booths or stands that aces lal makerplace can ao be used ro acest politcal information or organize grasoot atsaigns i ‘emerging democracies, D 2 come iling wed fo tang food and clothing (© meeting of representatives from diferent counties fr the purpose of providing aid ® piace where ideas, 5 well as goods, are bought and sold 7, The Imernet kiosks (booths o stand. an alo be used access politcal {information or oganias grassroots campus in emerging demweneies D breed on (rooted in) the needs of ordinary people ® oatural and friendly to the environment ®D ccenrring in areas that are ful of gras, like Fields 8. Pendichery lds information and communications ecology development seeategy traces back toa 1998 projec that brought Internet Inked the region’ vilges. (Not: Also spelled fleents) D selevisions for viewing programs and movies D mening paces for commen activites, ike tam spe, hows, or political allies telecentres to D lection for ong dance communication by compute, tephone, telegraph, television, ete Introduction Inthe word ody, there are many countries whose development end quality of He ia beind thet ofthe counties radtionly known os “frst werd” Moving | oman agen economy on ndustialied economy ard then ten ‘formate anon took many decades in Europe, Japan the United Sites, end Canada, owes lth present tine, some developing counties are bypassing he ong Toul fo development. They ae “leptegging” into the iformaton age by using combinations of high-tech and lowtech technology in creative ways, Read the follonng ert to find out more about this new path to development | + Hewsoveer soma esl What csi ker + ya sone doen cues now ald “apap? + Wat eles do yo thnk yu wl ead abo ti ocd 116 charrens ak@ Leapfrogging the Technology Gap ‘4 In Robib, Cambodia, villagers are getting medical advice from the world’s best doctors. Schoolchildren are seeing their country’s most famous landmarks for the frst time. And the village economy is taking off, fueled by the sale of its handmade silk scarves on the global market. 8 All these benefits are coming via motoreycle—Internetenabled 5 motorcycles. A wireless network links computers in the village to computer chips on each of the five motorcycles. Each vehicle has a transmitter that allows it to upload and download email and data as it passes by village computers. At the end of the day, the bikes return to a hub where they upload the information received. The next morning, they download email 10 ‘and data from the hub and take it out to the vilages for transmission. ¢ Villages like Robib have been described as “leapfroggers”: communities or even whole countries in the developing world that ae using information and ‘communication technologies to leapfrog directly from being an agricultural to an information economy. Its a phenomenon that combines technology ss high and low in innovative ways, and is generating not only economic benefits but a new world of education, social, and political opporcunitis. > __ In highly developed countries, the information economy has emerged from a long evolution—farm economies made room for craftsmen and artisans, who gave way to industrial production, and manufacturing has 20 yielded to the rise of an information and service-based econorny. « Economists and development experts wonder whether the developing world can—or should—follow the same path. Widespread industrial evelopment would still leave much of Africa, Asia, or Latin America a. {generation behind Europe and North America, 3 £ Of greater concern isthe potential environmental impact of widespread industrialization: large-scale factory production in the developing world could greatly increase global energy consumption and pollution levels, particularly if factories use cheaper and dirtier production methods. ¢ Information and communication technologies provide an alternative to. x0 this environmental and economic nightmare. The hardware, software, and networks that have propelled developed economies out of the industrial era and into the information age are now promising to take the developing world directly from agrarian to post-industrial development. The same sstellte networks that link remote villages to urban markets 3s can bring classroom education to communities too small or poor to support Hl secondary schools, The cell phone systems that power community businesses | can connect patients or doctors, or disparate family members. The Internet | kiosks that access a global marketplace can also be used to access political | information or organize grassroots campaigns in emerging democracies. 1 < Societies that place a high value-on education, like Vietnam, are at an advantage, because a highly educated population is ready for work in a knowledge-based economy. Bangalore, India, is the best-case scenario. High Teoh Low Tech 11718 suo lechelgy in he claeroom. Recognized as the’ ‘Silicon Valley of the: developing world, Bangalore has parkiyed Indi’ wealth of well-educated, tech-iawy, English-speaking Programmers into a massive hive-of inteiocking programming shops, call centres, and tech companies. ‘While Bangalore's technological, educstion, and linguistic advantages have given it ahead start on leapfrogging, regions that lack those advantages stand to gain even more from the creative use of technology. Indeed, the counties * that stand to benefit most from a Jeapfrogging strategy aze those with limited infrastructure, limited education access, and limited literacy cates. In Bolivia, a rural radio station uses the Internet to answer questions from listeners—like the farmer who wanted help dealing with a worm that was devouring his crops. Working online, the station found a Swedish expert who identified the worm and broadcast the information on pest control to the entize community “The development community has placed a great emphasis on being able to meet basic development objectives,” says Richard Simpson, the Director of E-Commerce for Industry Canada. “It is not about rich countries getting richer. es not even about emerging economies. It’s about countries at every stage of development using technology in a way that is appropriate to their needs” Needs like those of Nallavadu, a village in Pondicherry, India. A region in which many people live on incomes of less than one dollar a day, Pondicherry’ information ind communications technology development strategy traces back to a 1998 project that brought Internet-linked telecentres to the region's villages. Today, villagers routinely use the Internet to access information that helps them sell their crops at the latest commodity prices, obtain medical advice, and track regional weather and transport How does that kind of technology affece daily life? Just look at what happened in the village of Nallavadu. Vijayakumar Gunasekaran, the son of a Nallavadu fisherman, learned of Decembers earthquake and tsunami [2004] from his current home in Singapore. When Gunasekaran called home to warn his family, they passed along the warning to fellow villagers—who used the village’stelecentre to broadcast a community alarm, Thanks to that alarm, the village was evacuated, ensuring that all 3,600 villagers survived, Soure: “Lexproging the Tectnciogy Gap" rom permarg (Alesana Samued le er Mu ¥ beCreating a Study Outline To help you review an article or prepa coutne. White out alist of main pont (:ILIILIV.V, V.VIl, et: then put examples under enc 2.3, ete), Use your oaline when filing in exercises. pre cor reviewing for an exam re fro test onit. you can create an inform you wart to remember, ving roman numerals using regular numbers (1 paring for class ciscussion, © Creating a Study Outline ‘Complete the study outline below for the article “Looptoging te Tecan Gap” nts css vl bean otine floes Pa ceate ested “leptogger” wth eagle ofthe developmentin hose aces ane i he loans -V. hat you otined ia Aciy 2 09 page 114. Then write J development occuring there. You the main exemple Cor examples) of the types of con lok back through the article to complete the outine, tocation: Relib, Cambodia ___ 7 1, Motoreyeles one Internet-enabled They comy infrtion betasen emote villages ond central computer bubs & W. Location: ———— 1, educated population cam wo scons Location, —— 1, shops —___—— 2, senters i 1¥. Location: ————~ usethe to research inforoation VY. Location: —— 1 enue 1 slecontes 2, _sed 9g 0 community daving te of 0Understanding Compound Adjectives ‘Often when two oF more words come beférea noun and function together es an adjective (word that deserts something. they ee fnked together by 8 hyphen ©. © Analyzing Compound Adjectives with Hyphens Analyze the meenings ‘of the words in talics by looking at the shorter words that are connected by the hyphen and atthe context Wie experlionsin te blanks. 4. All these benefits are coming via motoreycle—Infermet-enabled matoeyles, neyeles that can a keene 2. Farm economies made room for erafismen and artisans, who gave way to industrial production, and manufacturing has yielded tothe ssc of an ea Infomation tnd service based economy. Hin: Serie here relates ojos in which employees provide something nontangible rater than producing goods oe ea reed silk 3, Larges fcsory production ithe developing wosld could greatly increase ‘lobal energy consumption and pollution levels 8 mot 4. Societies that place a igh value on evation, ike Vietnam, are tan advantage, , because a highly educated population i ready for work in a knowledge-based bia econo. five eae ae PEEP it 5. Bangalore, India isthe estate wenaria. : Hint Seenari here means a course of action that could happen vill fe - td 6, Recognized asthe Silicon Valley of the developing world, Bangalore has succtsfully parlayed India’s wealth of well-educated, tchsavny, English-speaking em: programme into a massive hive of interlocking programming shops call fe for ‘centres, and tech companies. a. well-educated programmers are b, dech-savny programmers ace Savvy" comes from the Spanish word sabe which means “know” 18, Pondichery$sinfocmation and communications technology development struegy taces back 1998 project that brought Zncerac inked eens to the regions villages. 120 cuaerens@ Focusing on Words from the Academic Word List Use the most peop werd fromthe box oii each ofthe lark in tho paagraoh taken fhan Part 2 Do NOT lookback atthe reading riht ancy: tes, First 9 you ‘onremonber the vocabulary, One word wil be used twice, Check you answers on page 117 obal network vehicle tvansnission vi benefits data computers economy medial In Robib, Cambodia, villagers are getting advice ffom the world’s best doctors. Schoolchildren are seeing their countrys most famous landmarks for the fist time, And the village is taking off, fueled by the sale of its handmade silk scarves on the —— market. s 8 All these 7 are coming - motoreyele—Internet-enabled motorcycles. A wireless ———5-——- ___ im the village to computer chips on each of the links ———_— five motoreyeles. Each has transmitter that allows it to uplosd and download email and #8 it passes by 1° village computers. At the end of the day the bikes rerun co a hub where they upload the information received, ‘The next morning, they download email and from the hub and take it out to the villages 6 for @ © Discussing information Technology Ine smal wou. Secs te Piscine qudians. Then comgare your never wi thse favor oH. 1. ‘The article mentions various solutions fr geting information technology into developing communities. What cliions are mentioned? Which solution de you Consider the most creative and/or effective? Why? igh Tec, Low Tech 124