Steel Quality & NADCA Recommendation

By
A.Gopalan
Technical Director
Lakshmi Vacuum Group
Bangalore

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 Effect of Steel & Heat Treatment

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 Method of Steel Making

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 Different method of steel making – M3:2 Steel

Conventional ESR PM
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 Why ESR Process ?

ESR (Electro Slag Re-melting) as the name

implies, the process will by carry out to
purification further of steel. As a result ;
 Least possible inclusion content
 Lower micro & macro segregation
 Good Homogeneity & higher degree of
purity.
 Higher degree of uniform carbide
distribution compare to non ESR grade.
 Small carbide size compare to Non ESR

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 Different method of steel making – Bohler Steel

Conventional ISO DISC ISO BLOCK / VMR

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 Steel Chemistry – NADCA 207-2008

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 Inclusion ratings – NADCA 207-2008

Inclusion Rating Thin Thick Thin Thick

Type Grade - A Grade B- E

A (Sulfide) 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5

B (Aluminide) 1.5 1.0 1.5 1.0

C (Silicate) 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5

D (Globular
2.0 1.0 1.5 1.0
Oxides)

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 Inclusions Types

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 Grain Size – NADCA 207 - 2008
Grain size should be No. 7 or
Finer

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 Annealed Microstructure – Max. Hardness 235 BHN

Acceptable Unacceptable

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 Raw material Banding / Micro-segregation

Annealed
Microstructure shall be
free of excessive
banding by
conformance with the
NADCA banding
segregation chart for
levels of Micro-
banding / Micro-
chemical segregation.

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 Thank you

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