Programming 622 C CA Test One Questions Answers

CONTENTS
Topic ONE: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES AND C++ CLASSES.............................2

Topic TWO: STANDARD TEMPLATE LIBRARY (STL)....................................................................14
Topic THREE: LINKED LISTS.............................................................................................................22
Topic FOUR: RECURSION...................................................................................................................47
Topic FIVE: STACKS.............................................................................................................................47
Topic SIX: QUEUES..............................................................................................................................48
Topic SEVEN: SEARCHING AND HASHING ALGORITHMS........................................................48
Topic EIGHT: SORTING ALGORITHMS............................................................................................48
Topic NINE: BINARY TREES AND B-TREES....................................................................................48
SEMESTER 4 1 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

Topic ONE: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
PRINCIPLES AND C++ CLASSES
1. Coupling and cohesion can be represented using a
a. Structure chart
b. dependence matrix
c. SRS
d. cause-effect graph
Answer: dependence matrix
2. The level at which the software uses scarce resources is

a. all of the option mentioned
b. portability
c. efficiency
d. reliability
Answer: efficiency
3. For a well understood data processing application it is best to use

a. The waterfall model
b. prototyping model
c. the evolutionary model
d. the spiral model
Answer: The waterfall model
4. All activities lying on critical path have slack time equal to

a. None of the option mentioned
b. 1
c. 0
d. 2
Answer: 0
5. Modules X and Y operate on the same input and output data, then the cohesion is
a. Sequential
b. Procedural

c. Communicational
d. Logical
Answer: Communicational
6. Identify the time, space complexity of this syntax
dbl k = 0;
for (t = 0; t < B; t++) {
for (s = B; s > t; s--) {
k = k + t + s;
}
a. O(B* Sqrt(B))
b. O(B*log(B))
c. O(B)
d. O(B*B)
Answer: O(B*B)
7. ER model shows the

a. All of the option mentioned
b. Static view.
c. Functional view.
d. Dynamic view.
Answer: Static view.
8. In unified modified language, the diagrams used in assessing class diagrams for precision
tendencies are called …………
a. Deployment diagrams
b. Object diagrams
c. Component diagrams
d. Package diagrams

Answer: Object diagrams
9. What is the purpose of malloc in a linked list in programming?

a. used to allocate a block of memory on the heap
b. used to create a list
c. used to create a data structure
d. used as a pre-processor condition for a liked list
Answer: used to allocate a block of memory on the heap
10. In the spiral model ‘risk analysis’ is performed

a. In every loop
b. before using spiral model
c. In the first loop
d. in the first and second loop
Answer: In every loop
11. IEEE 830-1993 is a IEEE recommended standard for

a. Software requirement specification and Software design.
b. Testing.
c. Software requirement specification.
d. Software design.
Answer: Software requirement specification.
12. In Unified Modelling language, the diagram which captures the system static structure and
provide foundation for other models is called ……………
a. Deployment diagrams
b. Component diagrams
c. Object diagrams
d. Class diagrams
Answer: Class diagrams
13. Aggregation represents

a. part_of relationship

b. composed_of relationship
c. is_a relationship
d. none of the option mentioned
Answer: composed_of relationship
14. Each time a defect gets detected and fixed, the reliability of a software product
a. remains constant.
b. cannot say anything.
c. decreases.
d. increases.
Answer: increases.
15. If P is risk probability, L is loss, then Risk Exposure (RE) is computed as

a. RE = P + L
b. RE = P*L
c. RE = P/L
d. RE = 2* P *L
Answer: RE = P*L
16. The worst type of coupling is

a. stamp coupling.
b. content coupling.
c. Data coupling.
d. control coupling.
Answer: content coupling.
17. For a function z the linked list return 1 if and only if
struct node
int ele ;

struct node * next;
};
int f (struct node *z)
return((z==NULL) ||((z->next==NULL)||(z->ele<=z->next->ele) && (z->next)));
}
a. the elements are sorted in non-descending order
b. the list has zero elements
c. the elements are sorted in non-ascending order
d. the elements are not sorted in any order
Answer: the elements are sorted in non-descending order
18. The code snippet below is used to …….
if(head==NULL)
head=tmp;
tail=tmp;
}
a. to insert elements into the list
b. to create a linked list
c. to create a node o
d. to check if the linked list is empty or not
Answer: to check if the linked list is empty or not
19. Structured charts are a product of

a. design
b. requirements gathering

c. coding
d. requirements analysis
Answer: design
20. Modifying the software to match changes in the ever changing environment is called
a. adaptive maintenance
b. perfective maintenance
c. corrective maintenance
d. preventive maintenance
Answer: adaptive maintenance
21. Which class can have member functions without their implementation?
a. Abstract class
b. Default class
c. String class
d. Template class
Answer: Abstract class
22. The model that assumes that effort and development time are functions of product size
alone is
a. Intermediate COCOMO model
b. Detailed COCOMO model
c. All the three COCOMO models
d. Basic COCOMO model
Answer: Basic COCOMO model
23. If every requirement can be checked by a cost-effective process, then the SRS is
a. modifiable
b. complete
c. verifiable
d. traceable
Answer: verifiable

24. Number of clauses used in ISO 9001 to specify quality system requirements are:
a. 20
b. 15
c. 28
d. 25
Answer: 20
25. Complexity hiding is called ………….

a. Abstraction
b. Encapsulation
c. Data hiding
d. Composition
Answer: Encapsulation
26. One of the fault base testing techniques is

a. unit testing.
b. Stress testing.
c. beta testing.
d. mutation testing.
Answer: mutation testing.
27. The desired level of coupling is

a. No coupling
b. Control coupling
c. Data coupling
d. Common coupling
Answer: Data coupling
28. The feature of the object oriented paradigm which helps code reuse is
a. class.
b. inheritance.
c. object.
d. aggregation.

Answer: inheritance.
29. Changes made to an information system to add the desired but not necessarily the
required features is called
a. Adaptive maintenance.
b. Perfective maintenance.
c. Preventative maintenance.
d. Corrective maintenance.
Answer: Perfective maintenance.
30. SRS is also known as specification of

a. Stress testing
b. Black box testing
c. White box testing
d. Integrated testing
Answer: Black box testing
31. Changes made to the system to reduce the future system failure chances is called
a. Corrective Maintenance
b. Perfective Maintenance
c. Preventive Maintenance
d. Adaptive Maintenance
Answer: Preventive Maintenance
32. A COCOMO model is

a. Comprehensive Cost Estimation Model.
b. Constructive Cost Estimation Model.
c. Common Cost Estimation Model.
d. Complete Cost Estimation Model.
Answer: Constructive Cost Estimation Model.
33. When traversing a doubly linked list, how can traversal be performed?
a. In upwards direction
b. In forward direction only
c. both backward and forward direction

d. In backwards direction only
Answer: both backward and forward direction
34. An object encapsulates

a. Data
b. Behaviour
c. Data and behaviour
d. State
Answer: Data and behaviour
35. The tools that support different stages of software development life cycle are called:
a. CASE Tools
b. CAME tools
c. CAQE tools
d. CARE tools
Answer: CASE Tools
36. The model in which the requirements are implemented by category is

a. Waterfall Model
b. Evolutionary Development Model
c. Iterative Enhancement Model
d. Prototyping
Answer: Evolutionary Development Model
37. Requirements can be refined using

a. The waterfall model
b. the evolutionary model
c. the spiral model
d. prototyping model
Answer: prototyping model
38. If every requirement stated in the Software Requirement Specification (SRS) has only one
interpretation, SRS is said to be

a. consistent.
b. unambiguous.
c. correct.
d. verifiable.
Answer: unambiguous.
39. The problem that threatens the success of a project but which has not yet happened is a
a. error
b. failure
c. bug
d. risk
Answer: risk
40. Protection of member function and data member in a class is done by ……………….
a. Using Inheritance
b. Using Access specifiers
c. Using Abstraction
d. Using encapsulation
Answer: Using Access specifiers
41. A fault simulation testing technique is

a. Mutation testing
b. Stress testing
c. Black box testing
d. White box testing
Answer: Mutation testing
42. If the objects focus on the problem domain, then we are concerned with
a. Object Oriented Analysis & Design
b. None of the option mentioned
c. Object Oriented Analysis.
d. Object Oriented Design
Answer: Object Oriented Analysis.

43. Output comparators are used in
a. dynamic testing of single and multiple module
b. static testing of single module
c. static testing of single and multiple module
d. dynamic testing of single module
Answer: dynamic testing of single and multiple module
44. Which of the following statements is true

a. Abstract data types are the same as classes
b. Classes cannot inherit from the same base class
c. Object have state and behavior
d. Abstract data types do not allow inheritance
Answer: Abstract data types do not allow inheritance
45. The most important feature of spiral model is

a. configuration management.
b. requirement analysis.
c. quality management.
d. risk management.
Answer: risk management.
46. Identify the time, space complexity of this snippet below
dbl k = 0, l = 0;
for (i = 0; i < T; i++) {
k = k + richfield();
for (j = 0; j < S; j++) {
l = l + richfield();

}
a. O(T +S) time, O(1) space
b. O(T* S) time, O(T + S) space
c. O(T + S) time, O(T + S) space
d. O(N * S) time, O(1) space
Answer: O(T +S) time, O(1) space
47. SRD stands for

a. Structured requirements definition
b. Software requirements definition
c. Structured requirements diagram
d. Software requirements diagram
Answer: Structured requirements definition
48. In OOPs model such as C++ which among the option below reveals only important
information to users?
a. Encapsulation
b. Abstraction
c. Data hiding
d. Hiding complexity
Answer: Abstraction
49. The following C++ code snippet takes a singly- linked list of characters as a parameter and
reposition the elements in the lists. The function contains the characters A, B,C,D,E,F,G in
the given order. What will be the positions of the characters after the program compiles.
struct node
{
char data;
struct node* next;
};
void reposition (struct node* list)
{
struct node *x,y;
data temp;

if (! List || ! list->next) return;
x->list;
y=list->next;
while(y)
{
temp=x->data;
x->data=y->data;
y->value=temp;
x=y->next;
y=x?x->next:0;
}
}
a. B, A, D, C, F, E, G
b. G, F ,E ,D ,C ,B ,A
c. C, D, A, E ,B ,F ,G
d. F, G ,E ,D ,A ,B ,C
Answer: B, A, D, C, F, E, G
50. Alpha and Beta Testing are forms of

a. System Testing
b. Acceptance testing
c. Integration testing
d. Unit testing
Answer: Acceptance testing
51. In function point analysis, number of general system characteristics used to rate the
system are
a. 14
b. 10
c. 20
d. 12
Answer: 14

52. All the modules of the system are integrated and tested as complete system in the case of
a. Sandwich testing
b. Bottom up testing
c. Top-down testing
d. Big-Bang testing
Answer: Big-Bang testing
Topic TWO: STANDARD TEMPLATE

LIBRARY (STL)
53. What will be the output of the function below?
int perform_a_recursive_func (int x, int y)
If (y==1)
return x;
else
return x + perform_a_recursive_func(x x-1);
perform_a_recursive_func(2,3);
a. 5
b. 4
c. 7
d. 3
Answer: 3
54. How many sets of requirements are need in designing a container?

a. 4
b. 1

c. 2
d. 3
Answer: 3
55. What happens when the code snippet is executed?
void some_recursive_function();
some_recursive_function();
int main()
some_Recursive_function();
return 0;
}
a. It will give a runtime error
b. The code will be executed but it won’t show anything on the compiler afterwards
c. It will generate a random outcome
d. The code will run and afterwards it will stop because of a stack overflow
Answer: The code will run and afterwards it will stop because of a stack overflow
56. Which of the following is similar to recursion?

a. else elif statement
b. factorial
c. loop
d. if /else statement
Answer: loop

57. Which container provides random access iterators?
a. vector and deque
b. vector
c. sort
d. deque
Answer: vector and deque
58. What is the defualt type oof linkage that are available for identifires?
a. none of the option mentioned
b. internal
c. external
d. no linkage
Answer: external
59. What are the Sequence Containers?

a. Containers that implements sorted data structures for fast search in O(logn)
b. Containers that implements unsorted(hashed) data structures for quick search in O(1)
c. Containers that implements data structures which can be accessed sequentially
d. Containers that implements data structures which can be accessed non-sequentially
Answer: Containers that implements data structures which can be accessed sequentially
60. To use internal linkage we have to use which keyword?

a. static
b. none of the option mentioned
c. extern
d. static or extern
Answer: static
61. What is the use of no linkage?

a. make the entity visible only to that block
b. make the entity visible to other programs
c. none of the option mentioned
d. make the entity visible to other blocks in the same program.

Answer: make the entity visible only to that block
62. Which of the following type does the container should define?
a. Vector type
b. Storage type
c. None of the option mentioned
d. Iterator type
Answer: Iterator type
63. How the member functions in the container can be accessed?

a. Indirect
b. Iterator and Indirect
d. Iterator
Answer: Iterator
64. What will be the output of the program below?
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int GCD (int x, int x)
if(n == 0) return m;
cout << "gcd(" << m << ',' << n <<')'<< endl;
return gcd(n, m % n);
int main()

{
cout << "gcd = " << gcd(12, 4) << endl;
return 0;
}
a. 3
b. None of the options
c. 4
d. 24
Answer: None of the options
65. How any types of linkage are there in c++?

a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 1
Answer: 3
66. Which one is used to refer to program elements in any translation units?
a. no linkage
c. external linkage
d. internal linkage
Answer: external linkage
67. What will be the output of the following C++ code?
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
void square (int *x, int *y)

{
*x = (*x) * --(*y);
int main ( )
int number = 30;
square(&number, &number);
cout << number;
return 0;
}
a. 30
b. 9
c. 920
d. 870
Answer: 870
68. What will be the output of these two programs?

1. #ifndef Exercise_H
2. #define Exercise_H
3. int num = 842;
4. #endif
____________________________
1. #include <iostream>
2. #include "exe.h"
3. using namespace std;
4. int main(int argc, char * argv[] )
5. {
6. cout << number++;
7. return 0;

8. }
a. 842
b. 843
c. compile time error
d. none of the mentioned
Answer: 842
69. Which is used to return the number of characters in the string?

b. length
c. size
d. length and size
Answer: length and size
70. Which is used for manually writing lookup table?

a. std:map
b. std:lookup
c. None of the otpion mentioned
d. std:find
Answer: std:map
71. Which interface in the container is required for storage management?

a. Memory management
b. None of the mentioned
c. Allocater interface
d. Memory interface
Answer: Allocater interface
72. Which are the parameters for the content of the buffer?
a. Two of these sections
b. closed
c. finish
d. start
Answer: Two of these sections

73. How many types of representation are in string?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 3
d. 1
Answer: 2
74. Which header file is used for Iterators?

a. <iterator>
b. <iter>
c. <algorithm>
d. <loopIter>
Answer: <iterator>
75. Give the output of the following program?
int a=23;
cout<<++a;
cout<<a;
a. 24 , 23
b. 23 , 24
c. 24 , 24
d. 23 , 23
Answer: 24 , 24
76. A function that calls itself during execution is called ………….

a. Executor
b. Iteration
c. Recursion
d. Repetitive
Answer: Recursion

77. To use external linkage we have to use which keyword?
b. static
c. extern
d. const
Answer: extern
78. Which is present in the basic interface of the allocator interface?

a. Set of typedefs
b. A pair of allocation functions
c. allocate()
d. All of the option mentioned
Answer: All of the option mentioned
79. Which is used to use a function from one source file to another?
a. prototype
c. code
d. declaration
Answer: prototype
80. What is the header file for the string class?

b. #include<ios>
c. #include<string>
d. #include<str>
Answer: #include<string>
Topic THREE: LINKED LISTS

81. Observe following program and answer
class Example{
public: int a,b,c;
Example(){a=b=c=1;}

//Constructor 1
Example(int a){a = a; b = c = 1;}
//Constructor 2
Example(int a,int b){a = a; b = b; c = 1;}
//Constructor 3
Example(int a,int b,int c){ a = a; b = b; c = c;}
//Constructor 4
}
In the above example of constructor overloading, the following statement will call which
constructor
Example obj = new Example (1,2,3);
a. Type mismatch error

b. Constructor 2
c. Constructor 4
d. Constrcutor 1
Answer: Constructor 4
82. Which of the following is not a standard exception built in C++.

a. std::bad_typeid
b. std::bad_cast
c. std::bad_creat
d. std::bad_alloc
Answer: std::bad_creat
83. Which of the following is not a standard exception built in C++.

a. std::bad_typeid
b. std::bad_alloc
c. std::bad_cast
d. std::bad_creat
Answer: std::bad_alloc
84. Which of the following below can perform conversions between pointers to related
classes?
a. static_cast
b. cast_static

c. cast_dynamic
d. dynamic_cast
Answer: static_cast
85. What is the implicit pointer that is passed as the first argument for nonstatic member
functions?
a. ‘Myself’ pointer
b. ‘self’ pointer
c. ‘this’ pointer
d. std::auto_ptr pointer
Answer: ‘this’ pointer
86. Which are the parameters for the content of the buffer?
a. start and finish
b. start
d. finish
Answer: start and finish
87. What is shallow copy?

a. A shallow copy creates a copy of the dynamically allocated objects too.
b. A shallow copy just copies the values of the data as they are.
c. A shallow copy creates a copy of the statically allocated objects too
d. A shallow copy just copies the values of the data as they are and A shallow copy creates
a copy of the statically allocated objects too
Answer: A shallow copy just copies the values of the data as they are.
88. Which of the following inserts an element at the beginning of the list?
a. public class insertFront(int n)
{
Node nd= new Node(data, head, head.getNext());
nd.getNext().setPrev(nd);
head.setNext(nd);
size++;
}

b. public class insertFront(int n)
{
Node nd = new Node(data, head, head.getNext());
nd.getNext().setPrev(head);
head.setNext(nd);
size++;
}
c. public class insertFront(int n)
{
Node nd = new Node(data, head, head);
head.setNext(nd);
size++;
}
d. public class insertFront(int n)
{
Node nd = new Node(data, head, head.getNext());
head.setNext(nd.getNext());
size++;
}
Answer: public class insertFront(int n)

{
Node nd= new Node(data, head, head.getNext());
head.setNext(nd);
size++;
}
89. What’s wrong? while( (i < 10) && (i > 24))

a. The test condition is always false
b. The logical operator && cannot be used in a test condition
c. The while loop is an exit-condition loop
d. The test condition is always true
Answer: The test condition is always true
90. In which type of storage location are the vector members stored?

a. Contiguous storage locations and Non-contiguous storage locations
c. Contiguous storage locations
d. Non-contiguous storage locations
Answer: Contiguous storage locations
91. Which is optional in the declaration of vector?

a. Number_of_elements
b. Name
c. Type
d. Vector
Answer: Number_of_elements
92. Which of the following relationship is known as inheritancerelationship?

a. association relationship
b. ‘has-a’ relationship
c. none of the option mentioned
d. ‘is-a’ relationship
Answer: ‘has-a’ relationship
93. Which of the following functions below can be used Allocate space for array in memory?
a. malloc()
b. Realloc()
c. calloc()
d. calloc() and malloc()
Answer: calloc() and malloc()
94. Which of the following is not true about preprocessor directives

a. They form an integral part of the code
b. They are processed by a preprocessor
c. They begin with a hash symbol
d. They have to end with a semi colon
Answer: They begin with a hash symbol

95. Value of a in a = (b = 5, b + 5); is
a. Junk value
b. 10
c. 5
d. Syntax error
Answer: Syntax error
96. When is std::bad_alloc exception thrown?

a. When new operator cannot allocate memory
b. When type requested for new operation is considered bad, thisexception is thrown
c. When alloc function fails
d. When delete operator cannot delete the allocated (corrupted) object
Answer: When delete operator cannot delete the allocated (corrupted) object
97. The following steps in a linked list
p = getnode()
info (p) = 10
next (p) = list
list = p
a. removal of a node
b. pop operation in stack
c. inserting a node
d. modifying an existing node
Answer: inserting a node
98. ‘Prime area’ in context of file system is defined as

a. It is memory area created by operating system
b. It is the main area of a web page
d. It is an area into which data records are written
Answer: It is an area into which data records are written

99. How do we define a constructor?
a. x~() {}
b. ~X() {}
c. X() {}~
d. X() ~{}
Answer: X() ~{}
100. Which of the following is the most common way of implementing C++?
a. A C++ editor directly compiles and executes the program
b. C++ programs are directly compiled into native code by a compiler
c. C++ programs are first compiled to intermediate code by a compiler and then executed
by a virtual machine
d. C++ programs are interpreted by an interpreter
Answer: C++ programs are interpreted by an interpreter
101. What’s wrong? (x = 4 && y = 5) ? (a = 5) ; (b = 6);

a. There are too many variables in the statement
b. The first semicolon should be a colon
c. The question mark should be an equal sign
d. The conditional operator is only used with apstrings
Answer: The conditional operator is only used with apstrings
102. A continue statement causes execution to skip to

a. The next iteration of the loop
b. The first statement after the loop
c. The return 0; statement
d. The statement following the continue statement
Answer: The statement following the continue statement
103. In which order are elements retrieved from a stack?

a. In fist in fist out order
b. Largest element first smallest last
c. In last in first out
d. In a random way

Answer: In last in first out
104. Which classes allow primitive types to be accessed as objects?

a. Wrapper
b. Friend
c. Storage
d. Virtual
Answer: Virtual
105. Which of the following correctly describes the meaning of‘namespace’ feature in C++?
a. Namespaces refer to the memory space allocated for names used in a program
b. Namespaces provide facilities for organizing the names in aprogram to avoid name
clashes.
c. Namespaces refer to space between the names in a program
d. Namespaces refer to packing structure of classes in a program.
Answer: Namespaces refer to the memory space allocated for names used in a program
106. The output of

{
int a = 5;
int b = 10;
cout << (a>b?a:b);
}
a. 10
c. 5
d. Syntax error
Answer: 10
107. Which of the following library function below by default aborts the program?
a. Terminate()
b. Abort()
c. end()
d. exit()

Answer: Terminate()
108. How many vector container properties are there in c++?

a. 3
b. 4
c. 2
d. 1
Answer: 3
109. What defines a general set of operations that will be applied to various types of data?
a. Function template
b. Template class and Class template
c. Template class
d. Class template
Answer: Template class and Class template
110. In mulit-list organization

a. Records are loaded in ordered sequence defined by collating sequence by content of the
key
c. Records that have equivalent value for a given secondary index item are linked together
to form a list.
d. Records are directly accessed by record key field
Answer: Records are loaded in ordered sequence defined by collating sequence by content of
the key
111. Which one of the following is not a valid reserved keyword in C++
a. Implicit
b. Private
c. Explicit
d. Public
Answer: Implicit
112. Which of the following is a valid destructor of the class name “Country”

a. void Country()
b. int ~Country()
c. void ~Country()
d. int ~Country(Country obj)
Answer: void Country()
113. Which of the following is not a file operation:

b. Appending
c. Truncating
d. Repositioning
Answer: Repositioning
114. Which of the following is not a valid conditional inclusions in preprocessor directives
a. #ifundef
b. #elif
c. #ifdef
d. #endif
Answer: #ifdef
115. Which of the following is/are advantages of cellular partitioned structure:

a. Simultaneous read operations can be overlapped and Search time is reduced
b. Simultaneous read operations can be overlapped
c. Search time is reduced
d. None of the option mentioned
Answer: Simultaneous read operations can be overlapped
116. In C language, a hexadecimal number is represented by writing

a. ox
b. xo
c. x
d. h
Answer: xo

117. Which of the following operator cannot be overloaded?#NAME?
a. == (equality operator)
b. :: (cope resolution operator)
c. []; (row operator)
Answer: :: (cope resolution operator)
118. A stack is an abstract data structure which stores elements in a certain way. The
addition of new element to a stack is called……
a. Push
b. Pop
c. Create
d. Add
Answer: Push
119. What is the difference between overloaded functions and overridden functions?
a. Redefining a function in a friend class is called function overloading while Redefining a
function in a derived class is called as overridden function.
b. Redefining a function in a friend class is called function overriding while Redefining a
function in a derived class is called an overloaded function.
c. Overloading is a dynamic or run-time binding and Overriding is static or compile-time
binding
d. Overloading is a static or compile-time binding and Overriding is dynamic or run-time
binding
Answer: Redefining a function in a friend class is called function overriding while Redefining a
function in a derived class is called an/a overloaded function.
120. Originally ‘C++’ was developed as:

a. System programming language
c. Data processing language
d. General purpose language
Answer: Data processing language
121. There is nothing like a virtual constructor of a class.

a. True

b. False
Answer: False
122. Which of the following correctly describes C++ language?

a. Dynamically typed language
b. Type-less language
c. Statically typed language
d. Both Statically and dynamically typed language
Answer: Type-less language
123. The default access level assigned to members of a class is ___________

a. Public
b. Private
c. Needs to be assigned
d. Protected
Answer: Protected
124. Which of the following is true about const member functions?

b. nonconst members can be invoked on const objects as well as nonconst objects
c. const members can be invoked on both const as well as nonconst objects
d. const members can be invoked only on const objects and not on nonconst objects
Answer: const members can be invoked only on const objects and not on nonconst objects
125. If class A is friend of class B and if class B is friend of class C, which of the following is
true?
a. Class C is friend of class A
b. Class A is friend of class C
c. Class A and Class C do not have any friend relationship
Answer: Class A is friend of class C
126. In a group of nested loops, which loop is executed the most number of times?
a. the innermost loop

b. all loops are executed the same number of times
c. cannot be determined without knowing the size of the loops
d. the outermost loop
Answer: all loops are executed the same number of times
127. Which of the following operators can be overloaded?

a. sizeof operator
b. &(address-of operator)
c. .(dot or member access operator)
d. ?:(conditional operator)
Answer: ?:(conditional operator)
128. A direct access file is:

a. Files which are stored on a direct access storage medium
c. A file in which records are arranged in a particular order
d. A file in which recoreds are arranged in a way they are inserted in a file
Answer: Files which are stored on a direct access storage medium
129. Which of the following is not recommended in a header file?

a. Class definitions
b. Type definitions (typedefs)
c. Function definitions
d. Template definitions
Answer: Template definitions
130. STL is based on which of the following programming paradigms?

a. Object Oriented Programming (OOP)
b. Functional Programming
c. Structured Programming
d. Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP)
Answer: Structured Programming
131. What does STL stand for?

a. Simple Template Library
b. Standard Template Library
c. Single Type-based Library
d. Static Type Library
Answer: Standard Template Library/Simple Template Library
132. If a member needs to have unique value for all the objects of that same class, declare
the member as
a. Static variable inside class
b. Dynamic variable inside class
c. Local variable inside constructor
d. Global variable outside class
Answer: Global variable outside class
133. Which of the following is the most general exception handler that catches exception of
any type?
a. catch()
b. catch(std::exception)
c. catch(…)
d. catch(std::any_exception)
Answer: catch(std::exception)
134. What is the Difference between struct and class in terms of Access Modifier?
a. By default all the struct members are public while by default class members are
protected.
b. By default all the struct members are protected while by default class members are
private.
c. By default all the struct members are private while by default class members are public.
d. By default all the struct members are public while by default class members are private.
Answer: By default all the struct members are protected while by default class members are
private., By default all the struct members are public while by default class members are
private.
135. Which one of the following is not a fundamental data type in C++
a. wchar_t

b. float
c. string
d. int
Answer: float
136. Under which of the following circumstances, synchronization takes place?

a. When the file is closed
b. When the file is closed and Explicitly, with manipulators
c. Explicitly, with manipulators
d. When the buffer is empty
Answer: When the buffer is empty
137. Vtables
a. creates a dynamic table per class
b. creates a dynamic table per object
c. creates a static table per object
d. creates a static table per class
Answer: creates a dynamic table per object
138. Which looping process is best used when the number of iterations is known?
a. for
b. all looping processes require that the iterations be known
c. while
d. do-while
Answer: for
139. The output of this program is

int
main () { cout << “Hello World!” return 0; }
a. 0
b. Hello World
c. Syntax error
d. Hello World!

Answer: Syntax error
140. Consider code snippet that implements a stack.
#define MAX 12
Struct STACK
{
Int arr [MAX];
Int top = -1;
}
If the array index starts at 0 ,maximum top value that will not cause an overflow is?
a. 12
b. 10
c. 13
d. 8
Answer: 10
141. Which of the following is not an advantage of secondary memory

a. It is easily portable
b. It has large storage capacity
c. It is cost-effective
d. It has highest speed
Answer: It is cost-effective
142. Which of the following is the most preferred way of throwing and handling
exceptions?
a. Throw by reference and catch by reference.
b. Throw the pointer value and provide catch for teh pointer type.
c. Throw by value and catch by reference.
d. Throw by value and catch by value
Answer: Throw by reference and catch by reference.
143. Which of the STL containers store the elements contiguously (in adjacent memory
locations)?
a. std::set

b. std::vector
c. std::list
d. std::map
Answer: std::map
144. C++ provides facility to specify that the compiler should match function calls with the
correct definition at the run time. This process is called as
a. Dynamic Binding
b. Static binding
Answer: Dynamic Binding
145. Expression C=i++ causes

a. Value of i assigned to C
b. i to be incremented by 1 and then value of i assigned to C
c. i to be incremented by 1
d. Value of i assigned to C and then i incremented by 1
Answer: i to be incremented by 1
146. The conditional compilation

a. It is taken care of by the compiler
b. It is compiling a program based on a condition
c. It is setting the compiler option conditionally
d. none of the option mentioned
Answer: none of the option mentioned
147. What is deep copy?

a. A deep copy just copies the values of the data as they are and A deep copy creates a
copy of the statically allocated objects too
b. A deep copy creates a copy of the statically allocated objects too
c. A deep copy creates a copy of the dynamically allocated objects too.
d. A deep copy just copies the values of the data as they are.
Answer: A deep copy just copies the values of the data as they are.
148. Pick out the correct statement about vector.

a. vector<int> values (5)
b. vector values (5)
c. vector<int> (5)
Answer: vector<int> values (5)
149. What is the purpose of the following function?
void deleteItem(){
if(head==NULL){
cout<<"List is empty!"<<endl;
return;
cout<<head->num<<" is removed."<<endl;
head=head->next;
a. Delete every element

b. Delete the list
c. Delete the first element
d. Delete the last element
Answer: Delete the first element
150. How many copies of a class static member are shared between objects of the class?
a. No memory is allocated for static members of a class
b. A copy of the static member is shared by all objects of a class
c. A copy is created only when at least one object is created from that class
d. A copy of the static member is created for each instntiation of the class
Answer: A copy of the static member is created for each instntiation of the class
151. The output of this program is

int a = 10;
void main()
{
int a = 20;
cout << a << ::a;
}
a. 20 20
b. 20 10
c. 10 20
d. Syntax error
Answer: 20 10
152. *ptr++ is equivalenet to:

a. ++*ptr
b. *ptr
c. ptr++
Answer: ++*ptr
153. Which of the following functions will delete the first element from a linked list?
a. static Node delete(Node head)
{
if (head == null)
return null;
Node temp = head;
head = head.next;
return head;
}
b. static Node delete(Node head)
{
if (head == null)
return null;
if (head.next == null) {
return null;
}
c. static Node delete(Node head)
{

if (head == tail)
return null;
Node temp = head;
head = head.tail;
return head;
}
d. static Node delete(Node head)
{
if (head == tail)
return tail;
Node temp = head;
head = head.next;
return head;
}
Answer: static Node delete(Node head)

{
if (head == null)
return null;
Node temp = head;
head = head.next;
return head;
}
154. Which looping process checks the test condition at the end of the loop?
a. for
b. no looping process checks the test condition at the end
c. while
d. do-while
Answer: for
155. Each pass through a loop is called a/an

a. iteration
b. enumeration
c. pass through
d. culmination
Answer: culmination

156. What do vectors represent?
a. Stack
b. Static arrays
c. Dynamic arrays
d. Queue
Answer: Dynamic arrays
157. Which header file should we include for using std::auto_ptr?

a. <smartptr>
b. <alloc>
c. <memory>
d. <autoptr>
Answer: <memory>, <autoptr>
158. Which of the following keyword supports dynamic method resolution?

a. abstract
b. Virtual
c. Typeid
d. Dynamic
Answer: abstract
159. If there is more than one statement in the block of a for loop, which of the following
must be placed at the beginning and the ending of the loop block?
a. parentheses ( )
b. braces { }
c. brackets [ ].
d. arrows < >
Answer: braces { }
160. Which of the following language feature is not an access specifier in C++?
a. private
b. C protected
c. public
d. internal

Answer: internal
161. Statement scanf(“%d”,80);

a. Print the value of i
b. Assign an float to variable i
c. Give an error message
d. Assign an integer to variable i
Answer: Assign an integer to variable i
162. Which of the following members do get inherited but become private members in
child class
a. Protected
b. All of the option mentioned
c. Private
d. Public
Answer: Private
163. Latency time is:

a. Time taken by read/write head mechanism to position itself over appropriate cylinder
b. Time taken by appropriate sector to come under read/write head
d. Time taken to transfer a dta from memory
Answer: None of the option mentioned
164. Which of the following operators can be implemented as a nonmember operator?

a. + (addition operator)
b. () (function call operator)
c. [. (array access operator)
Answer: [. (array access operator)
165. Which of the following language is not supported by C++?

a. Exception Handling
b. Reflection
c. Operator Overloading

d. Namespaces
Answer: Namespaces
166. The code snippet below shows a stack being initialized. What is the maximum number
of elements that this stack will store until overflow?
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAXSIZE 5
struct stack
int stk[MAXSIZE];
int top;
};
typedef struct stack STACK;
STACK s;
a. 10
b. 5
c. Infinity
d. 7
Answer: 5
167. If the class name is X, what is the type of its “this” pointer (in a nonstatic, non-const
member function)?
a. X* const
b. const X* const
c. X&
d. X*

Answer: X&
168. What happens when a pointer is deleted twice?

a. It can abort the program
b. It can cause a trap
c. It can cause a failure
d. It can cause an error
Answer: It can cause an error
169. Which of the STL containers store the elements contiguously (in adjecent memory
locations)?
a. std::vector
b. std::map
c. std::list
d. std::set
Answer: std::map
170. The return value of the following code is

Class1& test(Class1 obj)
{
Class1 *ptr = new Class1();
………
return ptr;
}
a. object pointed by ptr
b. object of Class1
c. reference of Class1
d. reference to ptr
Answer: reference to ptr
171. What’s wrong? for (int k = 2, k <=12, k++)

a. The commas should be semicolons
b. There should be a semicolon at the end of the statement
c. The increment should always be ++k
d. The variable must always be the letter i when using a for loop

Answer: The variable must always be the letter i when using a for loop
172. Which of the following below is /are a valid iterator type?

a. Input Iterator and Forward Iterator
b. Backward Iterator
c. Input Iterator
d. Forward Iterator
Answer: Input Iterator
173. Minimum number of temporary variable needed to swap the contents of 2 variables
is:
a. 1
b. 2
c. 0
d. 3
Answer: 0
174. Which of the following is not a component of file system

b. Access method
c. Auxiliary storage management
d. Free integrity mechanism
Answer: Free integrity mechanism
175. The statement i++; is equivalent to

a. i –;
b. i = i + i;
c. i = i + 1;
d. i = i – 1;
Answer: i = i + i;
176. How do we declare an ‘interface’ class?

a. By making all the methods abstract using the keyword ‘abstract’ in a class
b. By making all the methods pure virtual in a class
c. By declaring the class as interface with the keyword ‘interface’

d. It is not possible to create interface class in C++
Answer: By making all the methods pure virtual in a class
177. What happens when we try to remove an element from an empty stack?
a. Underflow
b. Overflow
c. Null collection
d. It will return 0
Answer: Underflow
178. When class B is inherited from class A, what is the order in which the constructers of
those classes are called
a. Class B first Class A next
b. Class A’s only as it is the parent class
c. Class A first Class B next
d. Class B’s only as it is the child class
Answer: Class A first Class B next
179. How do we declare an abstract class?

a. By declaring the class abstract with the keyword ‘abstract’
b. By declaring at least one method abstract using the keyword ‘abstract’ in a class
c. It is not possible to create abstract classes in C++
d. By providing at least one pure virtual method (function signature followed by ==0;) in a
class
Answer: By providing at least one pure virtual method (function signature followed by ==0;) in
a class
180. Value of ix+j, if i,j are integer type and ix long type would be
a. long integer
b. double precision
c. integer
d. float
Answer: float

181. In a C language ‘3’ represents
a. A digit
b. A character
c. An integer
d. A word
Answer: A digit
182. Inline functions are invoked at the time of

a. Compile time and Depends on how it is invoked
b. Depends on how it is invoked
c. Run time
d. Compile time
Answer: Depends on how it is invoked
183. Seek time is

a. Time taken by appropriate sector to come under read/write
b. Time taken by read/write head mechanism to position itself over appropriate cylinder
d. Time taken to retrieve a dta
Answer: None of the option mentioned
184. An inverted file

a. A file which stores information about records of a system
b. Locates information about data in small files that are maintained apart from actual data
record
d. A file which stores opposite records
Answer: A file which stores opposite records
185. The two types of file structure existing in VSAM file are
a. Key sequence structure, exit sequenced structure
b. Key sequenced structure, entry sequenced structure
c. Entry sequence structure, exit sequenced structure

Answer: Entry sequence structure, exit sequenced structure
186. class derived: public base1, public base2 { } is an example of

a. Multilevel inheritance
b. Multiple inheritance
c. Polymorphic inheritance
d. Hierarchical inheritance
Answer: Multilevel inheritance
187. Which of the following languages is a subset of C++ language?

a. C language
b. C# language
c. language
d. Java Language
Answer: language
188. The worst type of coupling is

a. control coupling.
b. content coupling.
c. stamp coupling.
d. data coupling.
Answer: content coupling.
189. Which of the following is not part of the Object Oriented Design?
a. Object diagrams
b. Polymorphism
c. Encapsulation
d. Inheritance
Answer: Object diagrams
190. Which header file can be considered for multiset?

a. <setmulti>
b. <multiset> X
c. &Lt;looplter>
d. <set>

Answer: *****
Topic FOUR: RECURSION

Topic FIVE: STACKS
Topic SIX: QUEUES
Topic SEVEN: SEARCHING AND HASHING
ALGORITHMS
Topic EIGHT: SORTING ALGORITHMS
Topic NINE: BINARY TREES AND B-TREES

Programming 622 C CA Test One Questions Answers

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Programming 622 C CA Test One Questions Answers

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CONTENTS

Topic ONE: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES AND C++ CLASSES.............................2

SEMESTER 4 1 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

Answer: dependence matrix

2. The level at which the software uses scarce resources is

3. For a well understood data processing application it is best to use

Answer: The waterfall model

4. All activities lying on critical path have slack time equal to

SEMESTER 4 2 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

6. Identify the time, space complexity of this syntax

for (t = 0; t < B; t++) {

for (s = B; s > t; s--) {

7. ER model shows the

Answer: Static view.

SEMESTER 4 3 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

9. What is the purpose of malloc in a linked list in programming?

Answer: used to allocate a block of memory on the heap

10. In the spiral model ‘risk analysis’ is performed

Answer: In every loop

11. IEEE 830-1993 is a IEEE recommended standard for

Answer: Software requirement specification.

Answer: Class diagrams

13. Aggregation represents

SEMESTER 4 4 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

Answer: composed_of relationship

15. If P is risk probability, L is loss, then Risk Exposure (RE) is computed as

16. The worst type of coupling is

Answer: content coupling.

17. For a function z the linked list return 1 if and only if

SEMESTER 4 5 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

int f (struct node *z)

return((z==NULL) ||((z->next==NULL)||(z->ele<=z->next->ele) && (z->next)));

Answer: the elements are sorted in non-descending order

18. The code snippet below is used to …….

Answer: to check if the linked list is empty or not

19. Structured charts are a product of

SEMESTER 4 6 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

Answer: adaptive maintenance

Answer: Abstract class

Answer: Basic COCOMO model

SEMESTER 4 7 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

25. Complexity hiding is called ………….

26. One of the fault base testing techniques is

Answer: mutation testing.

27. The desired level of coupling is

Answer: Data coupling

SEMESTER 4 8 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

Answer: Perfective maintenance.

30. SRS is also known as specification of

Answer: Black box testing

Answer: Preventive Maintenance

32. A COCOMO model is

Answer: Constructive Cost Estimation Model.

SEMESTER 4 9 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

Answer: both backward and forward direction

34. An object encapsulates

Answer: Data and behaviour

Answer: CASE Tools

36. The model in which the requirements are implemented by category is

Answer: Evolutionary Development Model

37. Requirements can be refined using

Answer: prototyping model

SEMESTER 4 10 PROGRAMMING 622 (C++)

void square (int x, int y)