STRENGTH OF S0Ne|now _ MATERIAL tm 77 ATE: St9uss And Stain elaste constant Mohy cycle | thin ojlindes; SFD% BMD, Shean G Bending Atuass ” | “concept o} shea cite Ay lution of beams “Toxaion Column _ Theimal shee étvain gauy sunsets Testing (UTM) _____Hasidness § impact stuungih eneag methede _* “[Mechnieal puopestes [k= pecopositionily Limit oy Gor ‘ Eo eldeHe Jyh Uikmalt shoe UYP > Upper yleld point - Froduan LyP > Lowey Yield poi ag pein —Hook's Law valid lh Pros Smith) + Elasticity - Paopeiby by which maitewial * € ” _ deourhed ondey He Load de enabled to st@lasin to sits _ ostginal dimension when Load i¢ temoved + Tp body vegans completly “Ste osuigehal shape dt & sald to be poll elastic eX Steel aluminiom coppey ete = Undui_unianial, sale of ctuwse | po pauspoubionnd Lintt ao ence ie Eatin © = Noymal heeecs ]- Longifedoak sain | ~ + _| (eretalan of asta)Haydn ess - Ability moteuial to susist undentation a Sua. abvasion- Trust Auk fous patimany methods of measualip hasdness - (i)_Butnel” Hasidness Teil” (ti) Rockwell havidnens Yeah (iy Micke hasidness Hct (fv) Shoae scleungcope - —— Tn comménly used Badyell ‘Handness tect @ hasidencd #tecl ball of giuen diameley is aqueexed nto AUIfOcl af Heat Zpecimen unde fixed Atwrdasi Load and then auspace ameq of ident Ze measucued Butnell haudnecs numbe! (BHN) ” 1. ze : | p— slandaud Load (N) D> dig-0f stele ball (mm) Aa dig. @) the: srdent (om) Reailiene - Enewgy absosb by membey within elastic. Yegicn | Tk ic equal to undesy “head v/s-defoymrition conve within elastic “LimiF- vi Modulus of sucilionce - Arua a ste -Atvain_custue upto tatie baied 48 Medulus'eg Reviliance (Mr) = 1 (0et)x (Ens) = Git aE a ‘nape Matenuiall - — Maléufal exhibit came elastic bacobeiny at any polrt stn a ghuen dissection ‘ _ Taoheopic Matuae) - When mafactal exhibit Aame eleshe plopenstiec dy an dinection at gun folst. :T— Secon] moment of Axea fe abou} polas da R= Aistne 9 ate aa fe qucom ide _contosbif. (on peniphs)) — G >. Sheasy modulus ; T > Twisting moment at xe. of shat Hest (i) * Px ~_-(il) -exL => ' jo of |" Om LL tube Clic = RO 2 ee [[OHS [ru [owe CTHERMAL STRESS Nitin ee * 7 +s Conditions For Hheymal str > Ther should be change -in dempeyetiore © Thesimall deformation dur te above change 4 Tempeyatuse should be auaichuteled ettheay completely os pautially TS Fremal duces ie equal te Xe when peu expansion ) contraction +ake plac » : . q (cages) cage-L +. Feeee expansion of Reckerpolay block change ty Langlh duate Hhemal (G+) = KTL «Shelly dus 48 theumal = AT. (éu = oT] + Stren = Zee Volumifsutc. strain (ev) > Gy = SV = Bey = BAT (when +emperaltioee 4 Noten tensile)” (her emp of block Assume femp. vasialion Gineas throughout leah (GL) = & Teada eee] |__fgy) = x [Tze] de —— ve c tha T ] (6) = ("gi = @ TL aS ai a © | Adoiine range dn dimension trermal atvatn. volumeule- Tat it = * Stoty (@.) = XT x Vole Shain = BAT a : a(SOME Tmem [oud CPadninl isa Puinipie Svan ++ Puintpal zhreeeg 2 Th ig! mautmun ou minimom nasimal sheux uihich may be. developed on a loaded bedi + i + The plane of pscindipal ates sates zoe £heay chews « * Texfaxial Steite of Lan Oy ; a [tie Gy ei 7 = Ox Qx Oy Ge [= Ve, ey Te a = [Cap] > Steen Heros af potyt dy 3-D ~ — Biaxfal stati of Atoms [oO] = [Ox tay | =D [Gx oy _] isu tengosy af point dn 2D © Matixix Heprusentation 4 Stati of st2u£6 know ae stews ferwoy © ENveny sheay Ateuss ascccioted with comblementaty Shen Ateusds of equal a a and untike do note « They abled Rnown Cuinsg~ hear ° 1. of ts component fo define Giaxtal state of Sause at ad point [ On Oy Ge, Cry, Tax, Ge] z + Noo) Stun componente to delsre digeal Stile of Sys = 1 (Rhombus) Sve iM ___ @|_ Total etuain eneigy 4 (SET) (Haigh'e theory)" <¢ POY GE — a [GG FEGT EG) payee | 4 (Enfpse) Ed