DIVISION 08: OPENINGS

SECTION 088000 GLAZING (INTERNAL)

SECTION 088000 INTERNAL GLAZING

1.0 GENERAL

1.1 DESCRIPTION

This Glazing section, in conjunction with the contract drawings and reference to the
Bills of Quantities and contract documents in general, defines the standards and
quality of work to be achieved for the specification of all internal glass panel (GP) ;
screen (GS) ; and rail (GR) works shown in the schedules. It outlines the design
intention, describing the functional and aesthetic objectives for the glazing.

1.2 STANDARDS

Glazing is to conform to B.S. 952 : Part 1 "Glass for Glazing" : and B.S. 6262 "Code
of Practice for Glazing for building". The fixing system for handrails supported from
glass rails are to be tested according to BS6180 - clause 6.4.1 for building use
category, complete barrier, or equivalent proposed by the Contractor subject to
approval.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

1. As the works described in the Specification and shown or inferred from the
Drawings are intended as a general guide, the Contractor is to submit the
exact design of all works. The approval of the specialist design is to be
confirmed in writing before commencement of any fabrication or installation
works.

The Contractor is to allow for additional supports where required, change of

glass types and thickness so as to ensure the stability and integrity of the
installed works to withstand all loads under normal usage encountered during
their service life. The Contractor is to verify the quantities, and locations of all
elements set out in the drawings. No claim for extra works arising from failure
to comply with this requirement is to be incurred in doing so.

2. Calculations

a) The Contractor is to detail the support systems of glass railings, glass

screens and glass panels. The support systems are to include the
steel structural support systems in the ceiling space, fittings, floor
channels etc. The Contractor is to submit structural calculations which
shall be endorsed by a Professional Engineer engaged by the
Contractor for approval.
b) The calculations are to be cross-referenced to the applicable shop
drawing details. The PE responsible for the calculations is to review
the shop drawings and issue a certificate of compliance stating that
the final approved shop drawings are in conformance with the
calculations or vice-versa.
c) The Contractor is to provide a complete structural analysis showing
the resultant effect of force on all applicable structural components
including anchors, fasteners, etc.

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3. Shop Drawings

The Contractor is to submit shop drawings which willl clearly show the
design, materials, dimensions, connections and other details necessary to
ensure that they accurately interpret the contract drawings and specifications.
All shop drawings are to be endorsed by the Contractor' PE.

4. Glass samples of 300 mm x 300 mm size for each type of glass are to be
submitted for approval prior to the fabrication of glass panel.

5. By submitting shop drawings, product data, samples and calculations, the

Contractor is deemed to have determined and verified all materials, site
measurements and site construction criteria related thereto ; and checked the
shop drawings, product data and samples for complete dimensional accuracy
to ensure that work may proceed and that the content shown on the shop
drawings is accurate and has been coordinated and is consistent with the
requirements of the contract. The Contractor is responsible for financial
and/or time consequences arising out of errors, omissions or non-clarity in
such drawings or delay in the consequent need for re-submission thereof.

6. It is also to be clearly understood by all parties concerned that the approval of

shop drawings is solely an approval of the subject matters in principle and
does not constitute checking of detailed measurements or acceptance of
auxiliary units or dimensions, or deviations, unless specifically mentioned in
writing.

7. Prototypes

a) The Contractor is to provide full size prototypes for each type of glass
railings, glass screens and glass panels. The prototypes are to consist
of at least 5 glass panels. The locations of the prototypes will be
confirmed. The prototypes after viewing and approval may be
accepted as part of the permanent works.
b) The Contractor is to allow for modifications and adjustments of the
prototypes and in adverse case, rejection of the prototypes in their
pricing.
c) Approval for samples/prototypes, any material, fixing, etc. will be in
writing. No mass production is allowed until the samples/prototypes
are approved. Any delay in approval due to these samples/prototypes
not being to complete satisfaction, is the responsibility of the
Contractor.
d) The Contractor is to allow schedule for fabrication, installation,
execution, approval, modifications and even rejection of samples/
prototypes.
8. As-builts
The Contractor is to submit As-Built drawings as accurate record of actual
construction upon completing installation and handing over for maintenance.

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1.4 PERFORMANCE

1. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to take exact measurements on site

prior to the installation of the works. All measurements are to be verified by
the Contractor. No claim for additional time or cost of discrepancies arising
from failure to observe this provision is to be incurred. This is deemed to
include any extra works that is to be carried out by the Contractor to cover
any discrepancy between design and site dimensions.

2. Deflection
For 2 ends restrained panels, the deflection normal to the plane is not to
exceed 15mm or 1/240 whichever is lesser.
For free standing glass panels, the deflection normal to the plane is not to
exceed 40mm at 3 meters high, 35mm at 1.5m high and 25mm at 1.1m high.
3. Lateral loads
The lateral force at 1100mm from finished floor level is to be 1KN/m2. Any
other load to meet statutory and site requirements are also to be observed.
4. All glass is to be free from specks, air bubble, wanes, scratches, air holes and
other defects

5. All frameless glass exposed edges to be polished and chamfered at corners.

6. Support Systems
a) The fixing of glass panels at the ceiling level is to be by means of
stainless steel U channels which in turn shall be secured with
galvanized steel framing system to the soffit of slab. Stainless steel U
channels shall be used for glass panels to sit at floor level and
secured to floor with strap or angle and 6mm diameter angle bolts at
600mm spacing. High density polyethylene spacers which shall not
react with sealant shall be used for glass panel sitting in the channels.
b) All U channels for glass panels at floor and ceiling levels are to be of
3mm thick stainless steel. The width of sealant between the glass
panels and U channels shall be 6mm. The Contractor shall propose a
suitable size of U channels taking into consideration of the glass
thickness, sealant bites, sealant width and construction method.
c) Fascia anchored glass railings (GR) are to be fixed to the fascia or the
galvanized steel framing system by way of 6mm thick stainless steel
patch-fitting in non-directional finish and fin bracket attachments with
separator.

2.0 PRODUCTS

2.1 GLASS

1. Laminated Clear Glass

Unless otherwise specified, the laminated clear glass panel is to be as follows:

a) 16.76mm thick for height not exceeding 3.5m (GP).

b) 18.76mm thick for free-standing (GS, GR) and glass height 3.5m-5.0m

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The laminated clear glass is to consist of the following composition:

8mm or 10mm thick annealed float, or heat treated clear glass, 2 x 0.38 mm or
1.52mm thick for heat treated glass high penetration resistant (HPR) polyvinyl
(PVB) interlayer, 8 mm thick annealed float, or heat treated clear glass.

All glass is to be manufactured by the Float Process. All laminated glass is to

be of ordinary annealed float glass, or heat treated and laminated to polyvinyl
butyral (PVB) interlayers either borne tinted or clear.

2.2 GLASS ACCESSORIES

1. Sealant
Unless otherwise stated, all glazing sealants, gaskets etc are to be of materials
that do not react with the aluminium, aluminium finishes, glass, spacer block or
other glazing materials. The glazing sealant shall be a one-part, high
performance architectural grade silicone sealant that offers superior adhesion,
weatherability, elasticity and easily extrudes in any weather and quickly cures at
room temperature. The colour shall be to Employer’s approval. The silicone
sealant shall meet the following properties:

Properties Unit Conditions Value

Before Curing
Appearance Paste
Flow (Non-sag)
Extrusion Rate g/minutes 1/8" orifice, 90 300
psi
Range for Application Temperature C -15-50ºC

Under curing
Tack Free Time Minutes 20
Cure Time Hours 3mm thickness 24

After curing
Specific Gravity JIS A 5758 1.04
Hardness HS JIS K 6301 23
Tensile Strength kg/cm2 JIS K 6301 25
Elongation % JIS K 6301 500
Tear Strength kg/cm JIS K 6301 4.0
Compression Set % After one year with 2.7
50% compression
Brittle Temprature C -70ºC
Heat Stability C 260ºC
Weatherability weathermeter Excellent

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3,000 hours
Dielectric Strength kv/mm 24
Volume Resistivity - cm 1x1014
Dielectric Constant 102 Hz 2.8
105 Hz 2.8
Dissipation Factor 102 Hz 2x10-3
5 -3
10 Hz 2x10
2
Peel Glass kg/cm JIS A 5755 5.5

Strength
Aluminium kg/cm2 5.4

3.0 EXECUTION

1. All glazing work is to be carried out in accordance with BS 6262, or equivalent

proposed by the Contractor subject to approval.

2. All glass panels are to be handled carefully and stored under cover in a clean
dry area.

3. All glazing joints (GP series) are to be air and water tight and adequately sealed
and insulated against sound and water penetration.

4. Sealant Surface Preparation

All surfaces must be clean, dry, sound and free from moisture. Stain on metal
or glass surfaces shall be wiped off with solvent, like toluene, xylene, acetone,
hexane and dried well.

When cleaning the surfaces, proper cleaning solvent is to be used for each
substrate. Detergent or soap solution is to be avoided in all cases.

5. Sealant Method of Application

a) proper primer to be applied and allowed to dry for 20 - 30 minutes before

priming, apply backer rod, masking tape, etc, if necessary.

b) Silicone sealant is to be applied in a continuous operation. A positive

pressure through adequate nozzle size to fill the joint in a single pass is
to be employed. Tool or strike sealant with light pressure to spread the
material against the back-up material and the joint surfaces. Tool
immediately after sealant application and before a skin forms.

5. For all glazing to be anchored with patch-fitting, the glass panels are to be
gravity supported on setting blocks during installation. Lateral displacement of
the joints is to be prevented with these setting blocks in the vertical joints. An
open joint in to be maintained upon completion of setting (for GR and GS series)

4. Cleaning and Protection

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a) On completion, all glass and frame are to be cleaned inside and outside
to remove all contaminants and all cracked, broken or defective glass is
to be replaced and left in good condition to complete satisfaction.

b) After cleaning, all work is to be protected against damage until handing

over at practical completion. Until such time, the Contractor remains
responsible for and is to replace and/or make good all damaged and
defective glass panels with no claim for additional cost or time to be
incurred.

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