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ougcudg ue ou FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS RAILWAY BOARD NEW DELHI DESIGN MANUAL FOR ELECTRIC TRACTION VOLUME 3 TRACTION OVERHEAD EQUIPMENT AULY 1994 ENERGY MANAGEMENT GROUP Pee ( MLL ely (A GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ENTERPRISED HAJAI HOUSE, 97 METRY PLACE EWE LE cs Alltigh!s reserved: No pat! of Ihis publication may by reproduced ot [ranseei teu in any form cr by any ieans including pholacepying and wcording wisi the witlen permission of Secretary (Fléelri- al). Railway Board. Rei Ahovan Hew 984 110.001, Such wallen permissién must also be obtained I of this publication Is st ciny pan od in o wirieval system of any nalure. © a t PREFACE Rallwoy Board, vide thelr letter No. 90/Elac.(G)/113/3 dated 7.12.70 assigned Work of Preparation of Electric Tractlon Design Manual. This Manual Is n four Volumes. Volume | of this Manual covers various aspects or Rallway Electrification Surveys. 4 Volume Il covers design aspects of Traction Power Supply installations. Volume iil and IV cover design aspects of layout of Overhead Equipment structures, foundations etc. This Manual Is Intended to be a guide only and Is not to supersede ony of RDSO’s Instructlons or Standards. In case there Is any disagreement between the stipulations made In this Manual and ROSO’s latest Gulde- Ines on a subject. the RDSO's Guidelines shall prevoll RITES are grateful to Shri Noel Lobo: Probhu. formerly Director (Traction Installations), RDSO and other officers In the’ Traction Installations Direc- torate for scrutinizing the Drafts submitted by RITES and making useful suggestions. All these hve been made us6.of In preparing this Manual. Suggestions for Improvernent in the subsequent editions of this Manual may be made to Director General (7), RDSO, Lucknow and Group General Manager (Electrical), Domestic Project Division, RITES, New Deth w SS os CSCO SSO OFe ooo 0 Pee eee oe “4 EO Ne CONTENTS Preface : Page No. 0 c Chapter 1: Schedule of Dimensions, 1676 mm Gauge: , Salion!: Foatures 1 Pei Chopter 2: Over Dimensional Consignments 5 Pet _/enapier 3: the Layout and Layout Plans 9 vO | Chapter 4: Wiring of Points and Crossings 25 &. Chapter §: Structural Design of Overhead Equipment Supports 33 eta - Chapter 6: Arrangement of Masts 101 Chapter 7: Contilever Arrangement 109 ty. Charter 8: 25 kV Feeders and Cross Spans at Switching Stations mw Chapter 9% Tramway Iype Overhead Equipment 113 Chapter 10: Booster Wansi iners and LT. Supply Transformer « | ; ‘Chapter 11: Bonding and Larthing ne % i | i I 5, Chapter 12: OHE Sectioning 127 Chapter 13: Guidelines for Etectification of Petroleum siding/Loop 135 Chapter 14: Numbering of OHE Masts ia Chapter 18: Numbering of Equipment 145, List of Important Draiwings Issued by RDSO 149) O) oO coocoeewe ose coool fo ath a ro alt CHAPTER 1 SCHEDULE OF DIMENSIONS, 1676 mm GAUGE SALIENT at FEATURES Introductory Rolling slock move on the track. Various fixed structures are built around the track: The Schedule of Dimensions prescribes the maximum dimension for the rolling stock |" 8 well as the minimum Clearance required to‘be kept while building structures alongside or over the track, -Since the OHE Is installed over.the track, the design must take into account the mit imum clearances prescribed for such structures In the schedule of dimensions. For the OHE design engineer the main polnts of interest are the minimum mechanical clearance to be maintained between the rolling stock ‘and fixed OHE Installations and the minira m electrical clearance 10 be ensuréd under worst concitions between live parts of the overhead equipment and surround ing earthed structures, The limits of dimensions/clearances for the fixed installations and rolling stock are described In separate sections of Schedule of Dimensions 1676 mm - Gauge, 1939 which contains three schedules. Schedule: . : : The dimensions given InSchedule-| are to be cbserved on new works or alterations. -to the existing works on all 1676 mm Gauge Rallways in Indla, unless prlor sanction has been obtained from the Rellway Board through Commissioner of Rollvay. Safely 10 execute works which will infringe’ the schedule, At the time of new construction of addition alteration to the existing structures. the clearances prescribed In Hem 13: Tunnels, Through and Sem/-through Bridges of Chapter |, should be adopted not only for tunnels and through girder bridges but for all structures. However, In case where 3660 mm stock Is not expected to be Introduced and adoption of these dimensions would entall heavy expenditure, on administrative reference should be made to the Bord, individually Ih each case before execution of the work, for adopting less: clearances, Chapter VA deals with the dimensions required for 25 kV ac’50 Hz electric traction and Appendix A to Chapter VA prescribes the clearances required for 25 kV ac single phase 60 Hz traction. Dlagrom No. 1A (modified) of Schedule of Dimenstons - 1676 mm Gauge prescribes the, stondard dimensions for tunnels and through girder bridges to sult 26 KV ac traction for outside statlon yards, Dlagram No. 1C of sehedule of Dimensions -1676 mm Gauge prescribes the standard dimensions out of stations to sult 25 kV ac traction. 7? Dlagram No, 2 prescribes the standard dimensions in stations to suit 25 kV ac traction. i a q oO Schiedile-t . SO: Schedule-II contains some recommended dimensiors. which are generally con- = Fn sidered good practice, the adéption of which will lead to very desirable uniformity & 5) on Indian Rollways, but they. are-not to be treated os standards, a departure c ky from which requires sanction. The clearance to fixed structures and distahce wo between centre to centre of tracks prescribed |n tem 13 of Chapter |, Schedule ok {for tunnels and through girder bridges should also be adopted for all structures et and not only for tunnels and through girder bridges af the time of new construction fine} 9F adcitlons/aiterations to the xisting structures. However, In case where 3660 mm stock Is not required to be liziroduced and adoption of these dimensions « FO would entail heavy. expenuiture, an administrative reference should be made to the Board Individually in each case before executlun of work for adopting less clearances, a Under Chopter i IIR: Station Yards, are also Includéd some dimensions w: ie:. will facilitate future expansion, Schedulesil: Schedule-Iil contains the’ existing infringements of Schedule | which may be per mitted to continue on existing 1676 min Gauge Railways. 3.1.2 Salient Features The sailent features of Schedule of Dimensions - 1676mm Gauge are given below. However, for details the booklet of schedule of dimensions 1676 mm Gauge wilh Audendum ond Corrigendum slips issued from time to tIme by Raliway Board shall ae be refered to, " 0 . clo 3.1.2.1. Buliding and Sttuctures a 560 Schedule! 1) Minimum. helght above rail level ae Chapter 1 for, distance of 915mm on pane item 10, * elther side of centre of track s+ overhead structures. 4875 inn ay 2 I) Where DC Tractlon Is lIkely to : os be Used, this dimension shall be S410 mm. cif li) Where 25° kV ac traction Is tkely 4 © to be Used the minimum height Seg: ee ct b 7 2 - 7@ ao a_ 2 Se i st hat & ON BAS ha rm G@uUUUEULE aa SE AS. DiB-Dif-OF eo > ao u euuevueebUecbse ue Gu jo I i Above sail level for a distance of 1600 mm on either side of the centre of track shall be @) for light overhead structure such as foot over bridges. 6250 mm 'b) for heavy overhead structure y such as road over or fly-over : bridges. 5870 mm Notes: D In case of existing structures @ special clearances study shall be made. i) The helghts mentioned above, shall be measured from the higher or su- per elevated ral, li) If any turnout or cross-over is located under a heavy structure or within 15 m from Ils centre, ihe minimum height of such a structure shall be 6250 mm, 3.1.22 Moximum Height Above Rall Level For Rolling Stock Schedule! - ~—- Maxinum height above ral! Chapter IV (A) level for a width of 305 mm. . Hem 31 on either side of the centre i of unloaded vehicles 4yismm. Schedule | Maximum height above ral Chapter IV (C) evel for a width of 3 mm. lem 12 on cither side of centre af + empty locomotives. 4115 mm Maximum height af X-class Locomotive Schedule | locomotives above rail level C: apter for o width of 305 mm on elfher ve side of center of emply loco Herm 15. motives. i 3470 mm 3.1.2.3 For electrical clearances and helght,of contact wire: Chapter VA of the Schedule and Appendix A to Chapter VA of the Schedule | of the Schedule of Dimensions - 1676 mm Gauge shall be referred to. 3124 Extro vertical clearance under overline structure and overhead equipment in electrified sections Schedule i Allowance to be made for rats Chapter |-R ef frocks fo permit modem track rem 16(R) structure to be Introduced 278mm Onlines propossd to be electrified on 26 kV ac :ystem, necessary piovislon should Se made in overiine structures. and overhead equipment If necessary, by using long faction overhead equipment mast to permit possible raising of tracks Sy 278 mm In future to cater Increased ballast cushion. longer sleeper thickness and deeper rall sections, . u ag ha aati Goede OR AS G a i a OL. Pa * CHAPTER 2 OVER DIMENSIONAL CONSIGNMENTS 3.2.1 Definition When a consignment whose length, width. and height are such that one or more of these Inftinge the Standard Moving Dimensions at any point during the run. from start to destination then the consignmént Is called an overdimenstonal consignment (ODC). It Is also known as out of gauge load: It any package before loading exceeds the following dimensions, It Is to be treated as QDC or out of gauge toad. a) Length s+ 13716mm b) Height - at centre : 2743 = at comers + 213dmm ©) Width 2997mm d) Top width 610mm. 3.2.2. Classification Over-dimenslonal consignments are classified In three classes. A Class: Loads having a gross clearance of 230 mm (9°) and above from the f xed structures all-round but Infringe the standard moving dimension, B Class; Load haying a gross clearance of 150 mm (6") and above but less than 230 mm (9*) from fixed structures. Class: Loads having gfoss clearance of less than 160 mm (6") but more than 80mm (3°) from fixed structures. 3.2.3. Special precautions for movement of ODCE In 25 KV ac electrified sections All reference to “clearance” belowis to the static vertical electrical clearance between the highest point of consignment on wagon and the lowest point, of the contact wire uncer waist condiflons, The following special precautions must be observed for transport of ODCs In he electrified section: }“Movernent of ODC shall be undertaken only after sanction of competent authorlly has been obtained, i)’ In oll cases when an over size consignment Is to be moved, staff accompa- ying the OOC shall always remember that the ovethead eauipment is always ‘ive' except whon a power block has been obtained from the traction offictols. sections, ® Special speed testiiction ts NOt fequired when gross clearance is Gt least 390 mm, D) Speed must be resis 10 Accorcing torecommendation seatorgtcalSlancirds Committee egarcing |odoption Ofteduced electrical Slearancestorspeedingup the movement of ODCs, Railway Bocrdhove approveding following mintmium electri ical clearances tobe adopted 9S 4 reguiar measure for Movement of ODEs, Minimum, : Clearance 7 : (mm) ©) For movement of ODCs ot Unrestricted speed with power ‘on 260 ©) For movement of Obes . Gt restticted speed’ of 1 ken/h with power ‘ON’ (O0Cs would not be stopped under critical tocations) 200 ©) Physical clearance between Contact wite and ObCs even When moved under power OFF ‘ “condition 10 prevent physicoy entanglement, 100 ‘omPany CDC loads Kk. Rection Controller and iraction Power controlter m yunens In electitied ofea to ensure Wat OHE mast Us! Co-ordinate while an ODC where the clearance Is critical $ are not damdged at locations 2. 2b 2 2a! 6 i rely s ™ OD, ic traction area Allst of sttuctiires where the clearances are restricted in the elec: ‘and also the clearance available under over-bridges should be wilh the Section Controllers and IPCs. To facilitate checking of clearances available trom the OHE for overdimonsional consignments. the Operating and Engineering branches at the Divisional and Headquarters level should hdve witli them upto date charts showing the minimum height of contact wire and clearance of OHE masts at_vartous locations In the electtified area. These charts should be supplied by the Electrical Department The Operating Department may clear ODCs for movernent on the basis of clearances checked with the help of the abéve mentioned charts subject t. the restrictions mentioned above, However, when sanction of CRS is required to be ‘obtained for movement of any particular ODC, d specific reference should be inade to CEE ond a.certificate obtained trom him in the following form: “Certified that the minimum ‘height of contact wire) on the section over which the consignment Is to move Is less than ——-except at the following locations where restictions as Indicated below should be observed. Section ~ Location Height of Power ‘ON’ Speed contact or “OFF” restriction wie in kmfh 1 2 4 a4 4 5 3.2.4 Power block far movement of ODCs When an ODC is permittad-to be moved'in an electiified’section only with the CHE power cut off, twill be the responsibilty of the Section Controller to arrange with the TPC for power to be cut off before admitting the OOC Info the section. ‘An authorized representative of Traction Distribution Branch will obtain confima- tlon trom TPC by messags supportéd by private number that power hos been switched off anditiven issue a memo to the Guard or other trattic official in-charge ‘of the train to the efféct that power has been switched off over the specified section, Only onrecelpt of such memo may the train carrying the ODC be allowed to enter the section. : since such a meme is not a "permit’to work’ earthing of OHE Is not necessary. EDULIS OOS SORSGSESMURE COTS of the booklet for “Principles for OHE Layout Plans and Sectioning Diagrams for 25 KV ac Traction” No. E1I/OHE/53 Issued by RDSO must be refered to. 3.3.2. Span ‘and Sectioning Diagrams for 25 kV ac. Traction Issued by ROSO. Though the fundomentals temoin the same the pilnciples aré periodically moaitied/brought upto date to sult the changes In dosign parameters. Hence the latest version Definition: The distance between the centio lino of the adjacent supporting structures for the overhead equipment/iines is known as span. On ‘curves, for qdd number of tracks the measurement of the span shall be on the outer rail of the middle track and on the Inner fall of the first outside track (rom the centre of the formation) for even number of tracks. : On single tracks the measurement shall be.on the outer rail. Spans have been standardized and these cre glven In: 1) RDSO’s Dig. No. ETl/OHE/G/00202 for conventional copper overhead L equipment, I). RDSO’s Org. No. ETI/OHE/G/04201 for regulated Tramway overhead equip- ment, and I). RDSO's Drg. No. ET/OHE/SK/375 for composite overhead equipment (alum nlum alloy catenary (1émm?) and copper contact wire 107 mmt.) The standard spans vary in steps of 4,6 m trom a minimum of 27 m toa maximum of 72m Le. 27, 31.5, 36, 40.5, 45, 49.5, 54, 58.5, 63, 67.5 and 72m. : For reason of economy. the spans shall be as large as practicable consistent with permissible stagger. For a stipulated maximim stagger, the length of the span is governed by curvature. blow off of overhead equipment, sway of pantograph and also the deflection of structure at contact wire level under wind conditions. ‘ Standard spans shall be used to the extent possible. a) > CHAPTER 3 f THE LAYOUT AND LAYOUTPLANS * 33.1 Introductory : The following are based on the Principles for Overhead Equipment Layout Plans | | | Where structures are located on bridae piersin the case of long bridges, the span shall be the distance between centre of bridge ples, + C : (On main tracks the lengths of two consecutive spans shall net differ by more than > 18 m. NioH RAL LeveL a © OF track -CATENARY SIAGGER +200 on © on ~200 0% 400 [— DISPLACEMENT OF PANTO J——conracr wire sracecn a ee Ee SESE FG. 3.3. 10 SS Ee } ] | 4 fo Min P ohho aalrao, 5 Darth 333 3.3.4 Wind Pressure 7 Wind pressures for design of all suctures ond determination af spans are bosed Wing pia i964 --code of practice for Structurcl Safely ‘of Buildings - Loqding STanciards”. Vide cn amendment Issuedin 1977 101s specification wind pressures oe eefures of aight less thon 30m can be fecuced by ‘28%. Accordingly the oAdord wind pressures adopted for overhoad equipment design for all new seta taling under different wind zones Is a fellows: ) Green Zone dight) + 78 kale iy Yellow zone (medium) - 112.60 katfm? ii), Red zone (heavy) —_~ 150 kaf/m" For working of the wing loading the area as Indicated below shail be considered for different tems: a) Rolled beams - total projected area £) Fabrieated structures - one ond @ holt times he, projected area. 2} Gonductor end other circular members - 2/9 of the ‘projected area. the safety of structures Is checked for two conditions: a) At 35°C temperature and full wind presse by At @&C temperature and 20% of the governing wind pressure. Staggers siagger of the contact wire Is the horizontal distance of the’contact wire from s289stical plane through the centre of the pantograph Pa ‘at the contact surtace (Fig. 9.3.1), ns The stagger of the catenary wie Is the horkontal_ distance of the eye of the RS enary suspension bracket from the vertical plane through the centre of the track Fig. 3.3.0). ‘on tangent track the contact wire is normally Given © stagger of 200mm ateach Ciiport ellernately on eittier sido of the centre of ‘rack, This Is relaxed on special sae e oor ensuring requisite clearance in cifficult focations such os vicinity of Signals, subject to stagger at mid-span not ‘exceeding the permissible values given in RDSO's Dig. No. ET/OHE/S/00202 (for ‘conventional copper CHE). on tongent track, the eatenary stagger Is zero for mans suppoiting @ single equipment. The catenary is thred_ vertically Ves {he contact wiré, at all supports coupon mere than one equipment Is supported. Ct flexible head spans and the Supports with reduced encumbrance, 07 Tangent ag well as curved tracks. Curved Track: On curved trdck the sfagger of the contact wire Is governed by Curved ss. slagger a! support Is given in such a way Mhet weeract wire ls Vey ¢ the verse a gtopn axis, On sharp curves even If the Yersire & or ‘than than Mae ee groer of contact wire at support I limited to o rAaHTNS of 300mm. stagger of Contact Wire of Tuin-outs ong Diamond Crogsings/Cross overs: AY soso and diamond crossings he stagger of 1e contact wire on the main agng ine shal be in accordance with RDSO"s O10: No. EIV/OHE/G/00202 (1or Conventional copper OHE). The stagger of the contoct wire branching line sholt Fre ged 200mm at ciny, point in the span, This s achieved by selecting a Seep location for the siicture near the centre of the Turn out In the cone ot ovellop type of equipment.or by suitably adjusling the point of clossidg of the !wo contact wites In case of crossed type of equipment, The stogger Is ot particularinter slips. Wis noimally found that at the centte of the diamond It @ loco travelling on the siip whi main trocks, has the contact the pantograph of the locom. estin the case of dlamorid crossings with or wilhout the crossing of contact wires should take place sibs are also to be wied. This is necessary since }ose tack separation is about 400 mm from the wite farthest at the centre. The displacement of ‘tive travelling on the sip Is also 400 mm from the Sente, If contact wite ls brought nearer one silp it will be farther by the vome seeee fom the other sip ond hence unsatisfactory for that slip. Thus I! Ie not ee mg, Hale with stagger on this account. The crossed type equipment 1s not permitted on main lines, In the case of overlap type equipment the structure i has three bracket assemblies and hence there a1 therefore witing of the-diamond slips Is easler, be staggered towards the two slips and conse: Practiced for location of structures or adoption Wires. Overlop type equipment is adopted on located at theoretical centre te three contact wires and The two outer contact wites can ‘quently there Is less rigidity to be ot staggers for the three contact main tuning lines, Stagger of Contact Wire ot Un-insulated Overiaps: At un-insuloted overlaps the segger should conform to Drg. No. RE/33/G/02121, sheet, NO. | Onn uniforn Sutves or at other locations where staggers different tom those Indiecieo the Grawings are adopted the following points are to be observed te get a good design, ‘D_ The stagger of the In-running Wack and 300mm on curve wire Is running, Contact wire doesnot exceed 200mm on tangent ig frock of any support at which only one contac! 1} In any spon at the centre of whi (as in @ four spn overlap) the wire does not exceed the valu: copper OHE), ich only one of the contact wires in-running mid-span stagger of the in-unning contact 165 given in ETl/OHE/S/00202 (for conventional Hi) The two contact wires wun Parallel to each other between the Intermediate supports with a separating distunce of 200mm from each other. Stogger of Contact Wire ut Insulated Overly shoul! conform to RDSO's Drg. No. ET//OHE/G/02131, Sheet No.l, Onnen urn, Grog Ond at other locations where staggers diferent from those shown in ihis Srowing cto adopted the points mentioned agains! uminsuloted ovonons In the ‘o|ween the Inter 28: At Insulated overlaps the stagger from each other. Conlect wire stagger ot Neutrol Section: the stagger of ovellap’ lype neutral Sections should conform to RDSO’s Org. No. ETYOHE/G/02161 shee! Nol, the Slogger at section Insulator type neutral section should be s0 adjusted that the Stagger at the section insulator assembly is within the limit of + 100 mm. 4) Lo he elon otis ah BLD A O35 aa shott neutral section compising of composite insulators shall be erected wilh z010 stagger af support. The stagger of contact wire at the location of the section insulator should normally be zero but in no case should It exceed + 100 mm The catenaiy stagger on curves Is so adjusted that It Is as nearly vertically above roe eotetict wie os possible. The maximum Inciination of the overhead ecuilp, ent plone to the verlical sstuich that the horizontal distance between ihe vertical Hones through the catenary wire and contac! wire at contact plane 's normally BOO man but does not exceed 200mm. In other words the catenary stagger on —— i curved track-depends upon: 1) stagger and height of contact wire. W super-elevation of the track. Il) gauge of the track . the cbove three factors can be summarized by saying that the catenary stagger wee .SnGs upon the horizontal separation between the vertical through contre sri track and cenite line of the pantograph ct the helght of the contac! plane. Sine Teor cloar from tho figure 3.3.1, On tangent track the catenary stagaet |e woe rey Ghuctures supporiing a single equipment Lecthe catenary |r suspended were city over the track. On curves, the stagger of the catenary shall be eter” aeivnd with reference to drawing No. ETl/OHE/@/00202.(for conventional copper OHE). . re 335° Overlaps : Ee Overlops are of two types- Insulated ond un-insulated. The ‘general arrangement fe os per ROSO's Org. No. ET/OHE/G/C2131 & ETIVOHE/G/02121. Location o) Overlaps serving platform lines should‘rot be Jocated opposite picttorm to Noid location of auto-tensioning devices on the platform. if for any reason, Pe nevoldable then half tension length may be.adopted to avoid the provision of regulating equipment on platform. © b) In statlon area insulated overlaps on main running lines shoule be located « Getor os possible after the stop signal. In this connection pore 3.12.2 of ‘chapter 12 may also be seen. c ©) In the case ot emergency crossovers, insulated overlaps in the direction of traling end should permit the longest train to be accommodated belweet Th Tosk bar of the cross over switch ond the fist Intermediate structing of the overlop vith o minimum margin of 80m, The overlap in the rear should be located os clase as possible. Ine location of Insulated os well as un-insulated overlap should be such that treximnum span length Is available In order that the two contact wiros run parailel to gach other fo! not less than 2m tength.to ensure smooth transition of pan tograph from one OHE to other. 3.3.6 Insulated overlaps in front of Feeding Post should bo sufficiently away from stor signals to facilitate coasting of trains (wilh pantograph lowered in the event of extension of feed from-adjacent sub-statlons), In case substation has to be k located in the station area the (eeding overlap con be outside the station crea ond fed by feeders trom the subslalions, Neutral Section. ; this Is the dead section located approximately mid way belweéen thé,adjacenl ‘ubstations, which are connected to different phases. In other words It separsites the supply to overhead equipment from different phases, the conventlonel SUSUEP FyBe neutral section shail be used except In heavily. graded sections ond} suburban sections as per RDSO’s Dra. No. ETI/OHE/G/0216), Sheet 1, ‘ Short Neutral Section: in heavily graded sestions ond suburban-sections where: ‘option of overlap type:n’ utral section is not feasible, short neutral section of, 5 mlength comprising of conventional section Insulators may be adopted. The soem ements shown in ROSO"s Dig. No. ET/OHE/G/02161, Shee! 2. Speed under such neutral sections in uny case has to be resiticted 10 120 km/h If the runners gfe In hailing direction ond otherwise to 80 km/h. Adoption of short neutral Sections with section insulator assembly are to bo avoided on main running lines Because of heavy welght, speed restrictions and frequen! maintenance teauite-” ment, ‘on main line Is unavoidable, shoit neutral! ulators may be provided. Such short neutral! fed fit for speeds upto 200 km/h. : While providing overlap tyre neutral section th: 's to be restricted to 600m. While ‘ossembly type half tei It adoption of short neutral section sections comprising of composite inst sections‘are lighter and are consider @ half tension length on either side, Providing short neutral section of section insulator n length shall clso not exceed 600 m. Neutral section shall be located ‘Qway ftom stop signals and lével- crossings and Sh6ll_be on level, tangent truck as far os possible. If @ neutral section is to be piovided after a stop signal the distance between fONGt aNd neutral section shall be such that after stopping, the rain will be able fc pick up enough speed to coast through the neutial section willoul any risk of stalling. Xf short neutral section Is provided before ¢ stop signal, the dis Reutral section and the stop signal shall be such thal Ihe train sh signal In an effort to coast the neutral section, tance between ‘all not cross the In case of overlap type neutral sect '™ away oh section wilh gradient uy upto | In 200, if unavoidable. lon, this distance should preferably be 1600 Ifo 1 In 300 and 2500 m wilh higher gradient In cases where short neutral section assembly Is provided on main lines In graced sections, the following guidelines may be followed: ) Where a stop signal Is located before a neutral section, the distance between neutral section and the sto} P signal should be kept at least 800 m on Tin 200 gradient, | op “ofl { rent ates Pana 2 © ere , 1 off > The der! a slop signal ls locoled alter the noultal section, the distances belweaat where Y the stop signal should be kept at least 400 ron | IN Ihe neutral section anc 200 up gradient. distance of the slop iy Where o neutral tection is located In down gradient, the least 400 m/200 in signal betore/atier the neutral soction should be Kept ot t Tespectively as In the case of level tangent track. 33.7 Contact wire height Nosmotiy the height of the contact wire (underside surfocs) above the track plane sot nat be less thon 9,50m at any pon in the spen under the worst jemperature snot tions, To ensure this. the normal height at the suspension Point shall be os under Type of OHE: Normal height of contact wire ‘at support point Raguiatad 9) Notmal with 10 cm pre-sog 5.60 m b) ‘Old Electrification 8.55 m works with 5 cm pre-sog Five centimetre pre-sag overhead equipment was provided upto 1968. For new works 10cm pre-sagged overhead equipment: ‘should normally be provided. However reethead ecuipment with Scr pre-sag can be provided In long tunnels and trough gitder bridges to achieve minimum prescribed electrical clearance: Uneguiatect @) Unregulated OHE designed for ‘areus with temperature range of 4°C to 65°C. 575m. b) Unregulated ONE designed for areas with temperature, range of 18°C to 65°C. 5.66 10 ct wite can be reduced under overline structures, Howove aie 92 nto permit movernent of.”C” class ODCs without Incase *G" class ODC movernent snot required the height a ees reduced to 4.8m, Height con be further reduced 12 4.65 mif rolling stock higher thon 4.27 m are not allowed on such lines. in casé reduced clearances die adopted the minimum height of contact wire moy furtherbe reduced to 4:58. eee sch nase, o Board indicating clearly the reduced clearance ‘adopted. shall bbe provided at the location. ‘The height of conta the minimum height sh physical lifting of wires. ‘Ala’ electtic loco sheds and foco Inspection pis the minitaury height shat! be 5,80 mm. At alllevel crossings the minimum height shall he 5,50 m ot any pointin the span, A tolerance of =20 mm Is permissibis on the height of contact wire os meosured G1POInt Of suppor! except on eitherside of over-bridge where tolerance ote 10mm Nall be cllowed, These are also subject tothe provision that the differengein height Of contact wire at two adjacent supporis shall not exceed 20 mm. In spans with Rracient of contact wite, the difference of 20 mm is measured over one above the approved gradient. Future track raising he tail level may go up in future by 275mm due to use of concrete sleepers ond skenginening of track siructures. "Provision should be mace Possible lifting of Hack by 276mm(maximum). Overhead equipment arrangement Indiceted in ROSO's Dig. No. ET/OHE/G/02102. Sheet 3 should bs followed in areas where. Hack talsing is contemplated. No track raising Is Normally contemplated near overine structures unless additional headroom Is provicied Contact wire gradient 3.3.8 Encumbrance sreumerance Is defined os the axial astance on vertical plone belween cat. Mey ond contact wire at support. the encumbione ce normally fs 4m, the following table indicates the preferred valuce of feduced encumbrance for "erection of overhead equipment under overling structures Span Recommended Largest i under encumbrance permissible overline adjacent span structure x (m im (m) 63 . 09 675) 58.5 09 67.5 oe SA 0.75 67.51 49.5 06 3 45 06 63 40.8 0.4 54 @ applicable where the encumbr "span from the value given in mshouldbe providedinsubsé ance cannot be Increasedto 1.40minsingle Column 2, The riormal encumbrance of 1.40 ‘duent spens.insuch cases, he encumorance may be adjusted in such o way that the lowest point of the catenay does not fall belween first dropper and support." The abave table's applicable to reguiated conventional copper overhead euuipment with 100 mm nominal pre-sag of contact wire. Notmally the axicl distance belween the catznary and the contact wite at the minimum dropper should not be less than 150 mm, Smaller droppers may be adopted in special cases. If the shortest dropper Is loop type and more than 150 im, no speed restriction is called for, But if the dropper is without loop or of rigid lype or tess than 150 mm, the ovethead equipment Is deemed suitable upto the speod of 90 km/h. If section insulators are to be installed In spans under overline slruciures, special designs will have bé evolved. Droppers The standard arrangement of dropper assembly Is shown In RDSO’s drawing no. ETV/OHE/P/1190. However, special dropper arrangements as shown in drawing No. E1/OHE/P/1400 may be followed in exceptional cases where Ills unavoldable. The arrangement of dropper to be adopted.on through girder bridges is shown, In ROSO’s Org, No, ET/OHE/P/1410 where OHE is supported on member of a girder bridge. ; 3.3.10 Section insulator At the location of the section insulator the following conditions are to'be fulfilled. i) Al'the location of section Insulator, the axial alstance between ihe calenary ‘and contact wire shall not be less than 450mm in the case.ot single wire section insulator and 600mm in the coss of double wire section insulator without Increasing the encumbrance al support beyond as 1.4m iD The section insulator Is 1o be located beyond the point where the track centre distance belween the two tracks is equal to or more thon 1,65m. If section insulator is erected with free ends of the runners away from the ceniro of the ium out this, distance may be reduced to 1.45 m. ill) The stagger of the contact wire at the locatloh of the section insulator should normally be zero but in no case It should excoed £ 40mm. iv) On loops the section Insiztator shall os far as possible, be logaled close to Ihe first support of the overhead equipment for the loop.v) The preferred location of section insulator on main tunning track Is 2m to 10 m trom support in the direction of traffic though tis provision on the main line should be avoided, vi) In double line section. the runners shoulc be In the trailing direction, Section insulators - permissible speeds On double line sections with runners trailing the section insulerer assembly using Putcsluin soctioning insulators are fit for spzeds upto 120 km/h provided it is wilhin the first one tenth and one third of the spon. insta 'n cose the runners of the section insulator dre in the facing direction or it is not installed within the fist one third of the span the speed has to be resiticled lo 80 km/h 7 3.3.11 Tension lengths Reguioied Overhead Equipment: With reguiated overhead equipment every tension length is equipped with an Outomatic tensioning equipment at each end and an anticreep located approxi- mately mid-way between the tensioning devices. The distance between the gnticreep and the anchor structures on elther side should not exceed 750 m or 18 supporting structures, Hall tension lengths Half tenslon lengths of regulated overhead equipment, not greater than 760 m between anchor points can be adopted wherever necessary, The equipment 's fixed at one end ond provided with automatic tensioning device at the other, the fixed end Is determined to suit the convenlence of erection, The half tension length on elther side of aneutral section should not exceed 600m when the whole oF part of it Is located on the curve, Thé distance of the axis of a 4 span insulaled overlap from the anticreeps/tixed terminations on eilher side shall not to exceed 600m. Unregulated OHE With unregulated overhead equioment tension lengths upta 2000 m belween anchors may be adopted on tangent os well os curved tracks. Unregulated overhead equipment shall not toke off from main tines 3.3.12 Linkage of wire runs Wire runs linking two or more main tines shall as short as possible. For exempt the same wire tun shall not be used for equipping wire 1un an emerency crost Over and a loop line. The Idea behind this Is that In case thie wire tun is atlectod for any reason, It does not affect other lines. i 33.13 Anticr ep Anticreep Is loccted approximately at the céntra of the tension lengli, the standard arrangement Is shown in ROSO's Dig. No. ET1/QHE/G/02111 Boom type anticrecr arrangement as per RDSO's Dig. No. E1l/OHE/G/02113 may be provided on nuuthipie track sections or in areas where portals have bean Provided on account of ui. .1 design consideratons. Portals should not be: adopted specifically for the provision of boom type anticregp. Bridges and: tunnels Where the catenary is anchored on the face of an overline siructure the anchor shail be the anticreép point, The anchoring on: bricige stucture is at tines BOCUS TES OE army estima a cee Aecessitaled because of in adequate headioom fe ely pass both catenary and contact wires 1h | an overhead equipmen Poxsible inside tunnels ane available under the bilge to hfough the bridge. Termination of 1 OF provision of anticteep is 1o be avoided as fur os \d on shuctures sel on bridge piers. Lrctures with tree brackets In the case of shuctures wilh theo brackets supporting tegulaled overhead i be crore RicIZeR OF tixcul letihinations of the overhead equipments are to be. utranged so as 10 koep the relative movernent Cohocon brackets as smal © Possible so thal the brackels do not foul with pach other M4 Anchotage of equipment The anchering arrangement is given In RDSO's DIG. No EIVONIE/6 703121, Uo overhead equipment shall nat be oF building. tn such cases the overhec: & cut in insulator and earthed by c structure without providing the insul SoEING Of eauipments of citferent siementary dections in the onchoring span : should be avoided as for as possible, Kiossing of regulated and unregulated equipment should be avoided. This may Dowever. be done it sufficient mechanical cleaonee une all conaitions ensured between the crossing and contact wires, Anchoring spans in the vicinity of signais, water columns, ond fixed structures should be avoided as far as possible. Back to back anchoring Iwo equipments on the same structure may be adopted if both the termination: 210 Of the fixed type (without counterweight) Anchor near buffers: in ojder to equip the full len, ‘ath of the butter end siding the Scheme of anchoring indicated in Fig, 3.3.2 ce In be adopted. 2 END OF BUFFER sioING eee ——-4— TO A Fi6.332 ofthe anchor overhead equismeny 095 hol leave tha conten S Mare Pee UIs voqunod to bok Aiming. Ihe minimum height she be sucf¥ inal with the contact wire tension ot its minimum, there ts 70 possibility of th fonlact wire sagging too much Below the contact plone where y 's out of ru fo avoid pantograph entanglement. in both the Cases the anchor height is i be determined with respect ws Ihe onchor span, if there is no crossing of the tu San OC! wites. anc with respect to Ihe distance between the onchos struct 272 the point of crossing if there 's crossing of wires, 33.15 Cross section Drawings one attion oF this crowing care mun be token to shi Gl obstructions such as signet Wiles, Bolot rods etc, and Ineit eomacy location, ws Ge teNEE 10 hrack/tracks os well or AEetG!OUNd obstructions like pipes, cab ele. alter collecting such information from slie. A typieci Cr0ss section dravsif Z Then hh Fig. 3.3.3, the gota Saher foundation it any is algo to oe includ The standard proforma tor f088 section drawing Is indicateu below. Tester so CANTILEVER ASSLE ELLANEQUS ASSLY./ARRGTS: Foe CONTRACTOR Cae gooscoe oe SHG059000 FiG.23.4 SEO SPPROVED BL approve a5 enscieo| KIM- STN 341-344 (JB -£3)] PaGz no 343/950-80 Fea CHEIRE a si Ga [Revoerinmn a7 waruhe oF 301 Soi. paesbuRe Fouoaron nee ENGIEA soe 022 0.908} eS oe Soe’ eee SE ee eee eee ee ee Bee ea ere ao) ie Se aw K, a ¢ a SUSE 5 Lspsrea ad seh 3.3.16 + 8317 Cross séetion for open route section fan to SI No. Location No. Chainage Petals Selling distance. in m Slep distance in m F.B.M. Code Soll type & presstire Foundation type & size Type of Mast size & length in m Po Creer race One Seeee eee eeeeee ee embedded length of mast in m Reverse deflection in cm Type of Super mast /cross arm Any obsiruction Structure Erection Drawings structure Erection Drawing (SED) fs prepared for each location incorporating all the details incluged in the cross section drawing for the structure and ds installed at site together with details of the bracket ossombly.-structure extension, isolator mounting frame. anchorage of overhead equipment at the structure or anchor ‘age of feeder. orretuin conductor proposediong withallparficulars necesscty for conect erection of ovethead equipment at the structures. For structures wilh isolators the detals of electrical connections are also fo be Indicaled. A typical proforma is given Fig. 8.3.4, As Erected Drawings The os crected drawings os the word implics incorporates nil the particulars of roe oe ion drowing {CSP) and skucture erection drawing (SED) correspond Ing to delual work done ol sile. These are the drawings handed over to Ihe ool ine and mode use of for-fulure maintenance. Hence these are to be carelully prepared, checked at site once again before finatization. 2 Its also Usual fo include the make of the insulolors galvanized steel lubes, slainless steel wire ropes ete. The make of the conductor Is to be specifiedin the as erected drawings, structure erection drawings and other relevant drawings for identilica- tion. The changes that do take place aller initial preparation of drawings are: Change in cess level particularly if pre-siressod concrele sleepers have been Introduced, : Change in length of line. location of points and crossings el + teinodeling arising Qui of need to 1un heavier trains :, due lo yard ~ + Changes in location of signals. - Introduction of LWR and SWR causing dislurbances to track. - + Modification of bridges for adequate headroom and making changes in track level. iy + Curve realignment normally 10 be done prior to elechificalion bul many a time done after. Removal of infingements ike powerlines crossing, Railway platform shelters ete. 24 ot oe tec 2 i edaeaboiccdaocoic clots I eoodao in fl | | t i CHAPTER 4 RING OF POINTS AND CROSSINGS Points and Crossings General Anangement: The equipment at points and crossings should preferably be oF the ovetlap type. In unavoidable cases it can be of the crossed type. the gensrel emangement of roguloted ovemnead equipmént al tumnouts and cioasovers is shown in RDSO's Dig. No. ET/OHE/G/02141 and 02151. For high speed Tuna) Thy cxetlap ype equipinent should be provided. The Uenercl anangement ot unregulated overhead equipment al tu;nouls ond ctoscovers fs shown in RDSO’s Dig. No. E/OHE/G/03151 AND 03152, Sheet No. 1 ond 2. Overlap Type: les equipping lumouls for high speed sunning, o structure is located near the centre of the lumout and. the contact wire of the secondary track is raised in one oF more spans (oxclusive of the anchor span) after the centre of the lui oul, before IL is anchored. A cross over Is equipped in the same manner 2s hyo ordinary tumouls. (overlap type overhead equipment af turnout taking off from mein line shail be provided. A diamond crossing with or without slipsis equipped as two turnouts, the turnout cenites being coincident. The mast located near.the common centre Is therefore equipped with three bracket assemblies (refer ROSO’s Brg. No. ETI/ ONEIG 10218. Crossed lype: Hie cédssed type equipment for lunouis is normally adopted on secondary tacks bul may be Used on main tracks where speeds are less than 100 km/ h. The overicad equipment of the secondary track normally crosses the overhead equipment of he main track or dees not have any overlapping spah belore anchorage. The wo contact wires aro clamped together to provent tolalive verticul displacement. For this lype of equipment no suppor! is nec: essary near ihe centre of the turnout In cate of Uiurnond crossings with double slips, If crossed type equipment Is prcvided, doubling of contact wire is necessary (See RDSO’s Dra. No. ETl/OHE/ G/03152 Shest No.2). Doubling of contact wires is however. not essential. In cure of diamond crossings with single slip. In ether case, no mastis necessary af ihe centre of the crcssings. vy ol cantact wites provides @ hard polat for the pantograph. whic eer Gn. cor high spouts when fl causes sperking during eonlael, Sood hz Huactore 10 be restticled while pessing this point, Gl m( ¢ f-—€ OF TURN OUT me cowine? vane ron Mani nae. = bg pantocrari on———>| \ ae TRH OUT — — Zi Ch - : nn OF WAM snack ‘ ZN ve coat = 200 Le |—100 fo 10s NOTE ALL OIMEHSIONS ANE Md mm ; 0 jo f : F1G.3-4-1 (a) -O STRUCTURE LOCATION TOWARDS NOSE AT MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE © TRACK SEPARATION OF 700mm | € |_O contact wine oe 1 2 | if ‘Gon 7 freer vm cr © s0 300 f - PANTOGRAPH ON ——y a E © TURN oUt fae aa _ ee —— ° 108 00 0 150 oO HOTES ALL BIMENSIONS ARE UL cam -o F1G.3-4.1(b) 0 STRUCTURE LOCATION TOWARDS IDE AT MINIMUM PERMISSIBLE ; TRACK SEPARATION OF 150 9 ~0 a 2 0 2% ecco aS a a atrterés, 1 AR AU 1 Ser ho I: The arrangement for the closed type of equipment at the humnout is shown in RDSO’s Deg. No. FA/OHE/G/02141 Imposing speed restrictions on fast tracks is definitely undesirable and therefore for main tracks, overlap of knuckle !ype of equipment is a must. The contact wires for the main and tumout run along each other for some distance before the contact wire ét the tuipout is lifted for aachoring, the two contact wires never cross each other in their in running condition. The contact of tumout Is lifted in. one span und anchored In the next span, On the double brecko! structure at Ihe [unout the Centact wire of the turnout iskept 50mm above that of he contact wire of main track. ‘Since there is no crosting of contact wires in mid-span it is obligatory to locate a double bracket structure within a certain limit of the theoretical centre of the tumout to ensure proper céntact for @ pantograph negotiating the tumout. Location of obligatory structure Provided that all otlier points are satisfied, the obligatory structure should be located between points where separation between the main and the turnout track centres are 700 cnd 180 mm. The ideal location of obligatory structure , is within 2 m on either side of theoretical centre of turn out, The considerations for fixing the location-of the obligatory structure are as follows: @) For locating a structure as far as possible towards the nose of turnout: For a good design of run of contact wires, the pantograph of a loco on the turnout must make successful contact with both the contact wires at structure. Since half widih of wearing surface of pantograph Is §20mm, It will be quite sat- istactory if the contact wite of the main track Is located at c point 500 mm. from the-centre line of the pantograph. if a'stagger of 200 mm Is given to the contact wire of the main track towards the turnout and a stagger of 300 mm Is given fo-Ihe contact wire of tumout towards main track, thereforé, at this location the track separation is 700 mm. This Is shown in Fig. (0). b)_ For determining the limit to which the obligatory structure should be located towards the toe: Consider a stagger of 200 mm away from the turnout is giver to the contact wire of main track and a maximum stagger of 300mm to Contact wire of the turnout towards main (this ls necessary from considerations of versine on tumoul). Ensuring a minimum gap of 50mm between the two contac! wires at the point, the track centres work out fo 150mm. This 's shown. In tigure Fig.: od a. feseieee STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF OVERHEAD EQUIPMENT SUPPORTS iS 35.1 Materials for Ovethead equipment masts a Oveitiead equipment masts can be of steel or prestresséci concrete, Prestressed af spun concrete masts have been successfully developed on trial and are cleared : for erection on main line for supporting overhead equipment. These inasts require : Special arrangements for bonding and are:tikaly 10 be damaged In the event 3 of mishandling. Steel has therefore been found to be the most desirable material f for overhead equipment masts. 3.5.2 Layout and types of Masts Tne usual overhead equipment tension lengths comprising contact wire, catenaty t Wire ond droppers is aout 1500m. The overhead equipment for 25 kV ae ls very k light ond for efficient current collection at unrestricted speeds, thé contact wits 2 : has fo be maintained at a constant level at all temperatures. To achieve this the overhead equiprnent Is regulated |.e.. Constant tension Is maintained at all 2 temperatures in both contact and catenary wires by the provision of sultabie - Counter weights at the ends of the tension length. To permit movement of ‘5 overhead equipment due to change in temperature its supported ftom swiveling brockels connected fo the mast, There are si types of ovethead equipment ; masts, These are: 5 1, Norma! Masts : these have a sin gle swivelling bracket and support one ‘overhead equipment. . 2, Overlap Anchor Masts: These masts are,at the end of the tension length. One © ~ : of the overhead equi ‘pments Is anchored on the mast and the overhead ° equipment of the other tension length ls supported from the swivalling bracket | Qs In the case of normal mast. ° Y a 3. Overlap Intermediate Mast: These Have two swivelling brackets and support 3 two overhead equipments In the overlap portion. 2 4. Overlap Central Mast: This mast has tw® swiveling brackets and support two overtiead equipments in tle overlap central portion. 5. Antlereep Central Mast: these are located approximately in the centre of the o fensionlengih. thisis|ust ‘ke any other normal mast except that the movement of the bracket Is prev-nted by providing two anticreep wires which ore 2 anchored on the adjotning masts, The Idea of providing anticreep central mast Is to maintain tha overhead equipment jn stable equilibrium bolween 2 the two balancing welghts'of the tensioning equipment at the onds of tension : length. i 6. Antlereep Anchor Mast:These masts are adjelning ta antieroep central's mast. 3 These are just like normal masts with the addition of anticreep wires anchored on to them. c o~. aaa fe All onchor masls are provided with guys parallel to the rack 10 counleracl the forces due to anchorage of the wires. 'nedalilion to the six types of overhead equipment masls enumeraled above, there {re special locallons in yards. al lumouls. crossovers, dlomonds, e1¢. with mull overhead equipments wilh of without anchor and oF feeders which have lo bo luckled scparatoly, Loading on Masts Allmasis are required to support overhead equiprnenl consisting of calenary wite, Contact wire and droppers. In addllion, masls may also be tequired lo carry seluin Conductors (to suppress Ihe Induction effects of lractlon current on the neighbor ng lelecommunicalion clreulls), earth wire ( where bol the ralls are track cl Culled) and 28 kV feeder who, The {list slep in the selection of a suitable seclion or overhead equipment mast consists In evalualing loads and mornents on tho ™masl, the loads acling on the mas! ate as under, 2) Permanent Loads : (Verlical) |, Dead load of overhead equipment consisting of calenury wire, conlach wire. ond droppers which Is generally 1.6 kg/m lenglh of overhead equip: inent 2, Dead load of swivelling brackel assumed to be 60 kg. 3. Dead lead of earth wire if any, 4. Dead load of return conductor and insulator fer reluin conductor (If any). 28 YY toedet and Inulalor for the teaver Wt any), 4. Done walghl ot at 6.12909 waluhl of any sinalt por steel “vote. 7. Self weigh! of mast. b) Permanent Leads (Hotlzontal) 1. Radiol pull of contact ond catenary wites caused by curvature of the track and oF slagger of whes, 2, Radiol pull of earth wire, teluin conductor If any and or 25 kV teeder (if any) caused by the curvalure of rack. All he above permanent loads act perpendicular to the tock, The only hoilzontal permanent! force acting parattel lo, Irack Is {he component of radial pull due to swing of brackel, it meiy be noted thal Ihe ewivaiiing braickol retains in the nontnal Position only a tho mean temperature, I the overhead equlpmenl Is roxulalod. 'n case of uniegulaled overhead ecuipiment the swing of Ihe canillever need nol be considered, 34 Oo a J > Lit Lad Led ho Soe ae ©.0 ©. o=— re lon fa! sean sa id Sa Sd iad | ; ol i Yo “ vues Gveocutvvwewves ou » ©) Occosional load (Vertical) _ : the only eecesional load acting vertically is the weight of a workman ossumed as 60 kg acting at the end of the braokel” @ Occasional loads (Horizontal) . The only occasional horizontal loads are’ due to wind, blowing perpendicutar © parallel to the track on the structure, steel werk and wires. The lwo conditions ato to be considered separately. The assumed direction of the wind deter mines whether the loads will be acting perpendicular or parallel to the track, The moments at the top of foundation level under different conditions ie. with ‘and without ececslonal loads. with wind blowing de7péndicula! of parallel to the: héck are Eciculated by multiplying the above loads with the appropriate lever cum, To estimate the kuads It Is necessary to know the extreme range of temperaiure nd the wind , ¢ ssufe for which the overhead equioment may be designed. It may be necessary to make reference to the meteorological department and excertain the temperature. range ‘and wind pressure recorded over a number of years. As per rules for opening of Rallways the confirmation of the’state goveinment concemed has to be’ obtained fer the wind pressure adopted. Reterence to IS: 875-1957 (Code of Practice ‘tor Structural Sately of Buildings: Loading Standards) may also.be helpful in determining the wind pressure and Correlating wind velocity with wind pressure, BOB IEEE DPN SPD St By Ot Ge By Or Fy HH By Me. HYVES LYS IAP i se oId wl 4d > a SE | i ! = i a & | -xoH 392 | ' | | | 3.5.4 35.4.1 Checking of Structure (Fig. 3.5.1) Afer the evaluation of loads and moments the structure Is checked to fulfill the following conditions: ©) The stress Induced by the worst combination of loads should be within the permissible limits, b) The deflection at the top of the mast due fo permanent loads should not exceed 8 cm. While grouting the mast appropriate reverse deflection not exceeding B cm|s provided so that the structure becomes more or less vertical under the action of permanent locds. . ©) Is also to be ensured that the adaliional deflection due to, wind does not exceed 8 cm at the contact wire level. Thiss to ensure that the contact wite in mid-span does not go outside the range of the pantograph. @ If tho mast Is subjected to the action of tonlon then the maximum angle of twist of the structure must not exceed 0.1 radian. To check the safety of the structure the first stops to sum up the undermentioned. loads and moments for the following conditions: ZV_ = sum of ail vertical loads SHx_= sum of all the horizontal forces acting cn fhe mast perpendicular to the frock i . ZHy = sum of all the horizontal forces acting parallet fo the track IM, = sum of all moments perpendicular to track EM), = sum of all moments parallel to track Conditlons: }) Pormanent loads only, I) Wind load only, i) Perma:,ant loads with ocosonal load and wind biowing per pendicular to track. 5 Further checking of rast depends on the Jype of the socilon Used - os structures re Rolled Steel Jo!sts (KS), Brogid Flange Beams (BF8) and fabricated. The method of checking cach of theso-soctions Is given below. RSJ and 8B sections seg aostion 8 ans na ee : EV “axial stross f, = ——, where a = area of cross section : o bending stress 1, = bending stress f,, 37 Where, M,, ond M,, are the modull of the section wilh respect to xx and yy oxes ‘respectively, xx being parallel 1 wack and yy being perpendicular to track Shear stiess Caused by horlzontol loads ore not consideed as these are very low. The Permissible Axial Stress f, will depend on the slendemess ratlo = iff of the structure, where ‘l’is the effective length and ‘Is the minimum radius of gyration of compression member. Effective length ‘ of c compression member for the + purpose of determining allowable axlal stress Is assumed as 1.0L, where L Is the ‘total length of mast above rail level. ‘As per IS 800-1984, the direct stress in compression on the gross.sectional area of arially loaded compression members shall neither exceed 0.6 1, nor the permissible stress o,, calculated using the following formula: Seely 54, 2 0.6% (Clouse §.1.1 of 1S 800-1934) iat, arecr where: = permissible stress in axial compression In MPa 1, = yield stross of steel in MPa, we £,, = elastic critical stress in compression = — x Modulus: of elasticity of steel, 2 x 10° MPa a slencemess ratio : nis. a factor assumed os 1.4 . The volves of permiisible’ stress for {, = 250 MPo In axial compression for steel conforming to IS--226 or 2062 Gr. ‘A’ which is génerally used In Railway Flectri- -alion Projects are as follows: ‘ 7 6. 160 tay, 145 139 132 122 38 D ns ¢ 2g | retorts \ Bags ag Baga fi \ Rey Rete cee u7d tuuouvds woud oud wed uu wuouud et © blind the value of permissible bending compressicn stress 6,, Ihe clastic stability Ind lateral buckling of the mast are considered, |S 800-84, Clause 6.2.2 species ye moximurn bending compressive sires for becms ond channels vail eet ‘anges bent about the axis of maximum strength (x-x Oxis). Hoctive length | shall be taken as 0.651. (Clause 6.6.3(a) of 1§.800-1984), he volue of permissible bending stress for ¢,, In eaual flange Hyeoms and in Inannels for steeis of yield stresses 250 MPa are civen in IS 800-1984 from table 1A of 6.18 with tespect to ils geometrical properties. t Joving, determined the safe permissible bending and oxial stress trom ihe coae he soidly of the structure is checked In accordance with clause 7.1.1 of IS 800 984, Coy, Cone 1.0 1G cco/ Slee) Fvee 0 = Fecal Oboe Free isa the (allo 6,,¢4/d,5 Is less than 0.15 the following expression may be " in lieu of the above. 4 Sees Soeyaet cecal g* TS 4 51.0 / socug = Calculated average axial compressive strass 's,, = permissible axlat compressive stress in he member subject to axial compression load only. ‘ous = calculated bending ‘compressive stress In oxtrere fibre permissible bending compressive stiess in extreme fibre. = a coefficient whose value shall be taken as 0.85. I, = elastic critical stress in compression = —- fs Mr = sk sndemess rallo In the bending. Dy topresent «x and y-y planes. 39 The check is made separately In respect of petmanentioads ond permonentioads ft with oll occuslonal loads with wind blowing perpenicular to the track. In the Iatler Case. the permissibla stresses are Increased by 33.33% os per clause 3.9.2.1, of IS 800-1984, " Properties of 8° x 6° RSJ Mast- (9.50 m long) PROPERTIES OF BX 6" RSJ MAST _(9.50m Lona) . n a OF TRACK feos Area af cross section: A = 66.60 cm? Moment of inertia ‘about xx oxls |, = 4789.2 cm* Modules of section about xx axis, = 4789.2/10.18 = 471,84 em? hb Moment of Ineitia about yy xls I, = 013.3 cint Modules of seétion about yy axis, = 106.68 cm? R adlus of gyration about xx oxls r, = 8.48 cm Radlus of gyrotion about yy axis = 3.61 em Permissible Strasses 1, In’Axlal Compression (As per Table §.1' of IS 800-1984) Length of mast from tep of fuunizion : 818 cm Effective of length 1.0 x £16 = 815 em ‘Slendemess ratlo = 616/3.51 = 292.2 From Table 3.5.1 without wind. a,, = 20.8 MPa. 40 sun0920 of UaHO} 5 {OO}}9 LIN OU! YOUN FREE ~ COR (0) ree aen9p inds0 9, g8 Aa patoa15u1a00 seni She aqsmused Sy, :9ION wee we eauKe OF { we oS M97 BE . ba 2 Oto wom = 2 oe Bae met 3/64 w/in wo /BH ean aoe 510 13401 : , am “ewnine ; 2, Mb SSHIISNONSIINOS a) yyy "9 SSIS svat : ! eam" SHONAOSSMS 3 wowaessiss ORAL NS = x te ie & = 4 a oe owe 3 ware SSB uur uw | omg wwg : AEE sow auean " NOIDS —NOUDE Ox sa ‘esi Beto aSiae dum nouwyosza ws i “._ FSOREL T : _ wav 40 3 _ ESE oe 2, In Bending compression (As per Table 6.1 8 of IS 800-1984) ee For yield stress of stool f, = 260 MPa ey TH = 16,5/8.90 = 1.85 < 2, ec: O/T = 203/165 = 12.3 Mr = 815x0,85'8.51 = 197.4 i The bending compressive stress g,.,/, for the value wilhout wind = 110.4 MPa 3.5.4.2 Check for Fabricated Masts Exampie : K 160 Mast (9,50 m long) eo : 0: 3 t i sha ! le e 0 eP ao ; pecs Sees ee BOF TRACK” Ke 150 MAST FIG. 3.5.4 ae : 1 Moment of Inertia for the combined section | ao ADOUT Xx = axis. 7025.20 ern Moment of Inertia for the combined section alo about yy = axis. 1858.80 cin! : ao Cross sectional area (A) 41.76 cm? es ‘ ale i: PP eee Least Roclus of gytatton 1, = [> VOSEB.BOTAT.76) a + 6.11 cm Thickness of the compression flange T = 9 mm e ‘Overol! depth of the section D = 300mm > Ee Permissible Stress _ a 1. th Axloi Compression as per Toble 5,1 of 1S 800-1984 e8 Total length of the mast above RL = 815 cm al @ Etfective length of the mast = 815x1.0 = 815 cm “ ef : e@ a clé clo : mere wo core cn SEE commer © PROPERTIES OF K- SERIES MASTS D=300mm, £0R ALL MASTS. : = 200 mm forall mosis. ZC OF TRACK FIG. 3.5.5 i SN ist 8 SECTIONAL x ww Bx a vw i mee * mm, AREA i on, ont ont on on on i Tio argo 973M 788GOTAP 40 ; BS sieve sze0 37620, | 130 50 i Hie yoosg0 seco aesg0" 8 eat ‘eye bmu08d 24860 © SABO 2800 798 : 2 STS sesso. Ses8eo © ga790° Sk py : Soe? sfooeso "500220 «=«73480— 790 205 i eee tapiaad = 7e3300 66080 HN oe \ SR PERASSELEBED CONF «th wee) glen 1 2 x & 2 ee a3 has 6 b ( S a a 8 ° 4) é 4 3 a C 6 ¢ ef a cu hee CRIs CoD ACPICL OLE OO a Least radius of Gyratlon = 6,11) tT d= lr = 815/611 = 193.4 for steel of yleld siress 250 MPa. o,, = 54.9 MPa, 2. In Bending Compression as per Table §.1 of IS 600-1984 For Ut = 0,85x818/6.11 = 113.4, 6,, = 69.3 MP. In Addition to check for Bending ond axial Stresser fobriccted masts are also éhecked tor shear. The maximum shear fofce in case of ovethead equipment masts, will be the sum of ail the horlzontal forces at fop of. foundation level perpendicular to track belng equal to ZH (assuined). The force h each lacing of the tobricated mast will be equal to: SHV2 ZH j 2 v2 assuming the angle of Inclination of lacing to be 45°. The resulting compressive stress In the lacing will be: "3H . 2 x area of lacing (as pet IS 800-1984: clause 6.7.2 4 fot lacing and clause §.8 for batten) _ This compressive stress should not exceed the safe compressive stressarrived from Wit ratlo of the lacing. > GRAVITY AXIS OF. CHANNEL CHANNEL, : 7 SIDE ar 10 TRACK S. FLAT LACING WELDED TO CHANNEL FLANGES: . TYPICAL FABRICATED MAST FIG. 3.5.6 4g nh ret thefts “p chon ses Co fae oe ND ' ee ENS PP Pete! i m. & é 5.5 Shructural Design of OHE supports - Mathematical Treatment [5.5.1 Loads and Moments Cantilever Masts Normal masts on straight and curved tracks with single cantilever assembly. {A. Parmanent Loads ) Dead weight of OHE = W In kg = Span x wt of CHE/m = 1.6 x Span, This acts at the catenary |.e. distance ‘a’ from mast. Bending moment at the base = 1.6% span xa ) Dead Wt. of the cantilever assembly = w In kg = 60 kg approx. This acts at 1/2 of the cantilever assembly bracket length. 7 Bending moment at the base = w x a/2, Pp w T IT “stagGeR RADIAL TENSION 'V" FIG.3.87 as ili) Dead wt. of the mast and earthwire mounted on it = . This acts at the most liself and so there Is ne bending moment for “his. iv) Radial Tension (it any) ©) In the straight stretch, due to stagger of contact wire only = V = 21 x 2x stagger/span. i 4V@ oF -Ve fof forces towards or away from the track ond stagger changes ee 8. M, at the base = V x ht. of contact wire above foundation (H,). It Is oe in altemate masts, ~! 7 Ge b) In the curve due to stagger in both cafenary and contact wires = U = V G = span x T/Radlus kg. : : “, ) where'T = tension in the conductor = 009 kg In both the cases above. Cae BM. at the base * VxH,+UXH, : « ) If there is ony earthwlre, Its radial tension 6 & spon ¥ tenslon In ecrthwite él =Y* arene) > radius Pa > B.M. at the bose = Y x ht. of earthwite obove foundation. : > in both the above two cases (b) and (c) 8.M. Is+ve or -ve as the mast islocaled _ outside or inside the curve respectively. oa) 8, Wind Load (wind across the rack) op i) On the mast = X = width of mast x H x wind pressure eb in kg/m? x § BM. at the base = # X.H/2 SF-= 1.0 for rolled most and 1.5 for fabricated mast. (SF = Shape Factor) 1) On tho OnE 2° & Wing load on colonary who =M= (2/93 dist. of Caloncry wire x ind prossure 20 4 1.05 re Wind load is Increased hy 8% for wind load on droppers at catenary and “lo contact wires al BM. at the base = «Mx H, oe ; ]° ©) Wind toad on contact wite = N = 2/3 x dla. of contact wire x wind pressure ol x 1.08. © 8M. at the base = Nx H, “le on sure} cand} "sure ‘¢) Wine load on the earth wite = E = 2/3 x dia, of earth wire x wind pressure BM. at the base + Ex hl of earlhwire above foundation. C. Eccentricily of the cantilever assembly bracke! ‘As inentioned eaitior, hat any extonston to the ONE conductors die to ie of temperature Is completely compensated. by the movement! of tho Coun fenweighis of the tensioning device and so the conductor suspension poinis bf the contilover assembly will move along the trdck to some exient. The extent Ot is movement varies directly to the distance of the mast In section (rom Ihe anii-creep centre point. eee POINT wii 0 BE DESIGNED \ h \ h \ \ \ ‘ \ \ \ \ 0 DISPLACEMENT OF BRACKET FIG.35.6 . Movement (longitudinal) of the bracket tip = Elongation of the OIE conductors due to tse of temperature, = d=p/8q"=1) where, D. = distance of the mast from the anticreep point. § = cotelficiont of linear expansion 1 = Maximurn temperature = 65°C T- = Average normal temperature = 36°C. ue to'this. all the foods U, V. M,N, W, and w acting on the bracket will produce 8M Giong ‘y-y" axis of the BFE. BM ot the base: dus to hotlzontal loads viz. U.V. M or N = (Horizental load) x (d/ @) x tht. above foundation) GM at the base due to verlical load W = W X 4. BM al the base due to vertical load w = w x d/2 4a FIG, 3.5.9 Intermediate. Mast. Mast on turnout - Masts carving 2 or more brackels The loads and’bending moments are found out for the 2 OHEs and 2 brackets Inthe some way. as above. Extra loads acting are the wind load on the cross arm carrying 2 brackets and the radial tension due to ralsed OHE going out for anchoring. They are as follows: Load due to wind pressure on top or bottom of ctoss arm = length of the ciots atm (approximately 1.1m) x height of channel section x wind pressure = We BM at the base = We x (helght of top cross-arm + helght of bottom cross arm above foundation level). 7 F1G;3.5.10 Fig 3.5.11 48, ‘28 Wee eecoe eee 6 & 35.5.2 4) Pxtra tadial fonéion of the condiictors due fo the oulgping OUL Ihis is EQUAL 10 = Unnenoe = Y, x {sre (AppIOXD span U ANCHOR on uA ime U ANCHOR VANCHOR Th OR VA VANCHOR dye F1G.3.5.12 fs. bracket tips of 2 brackets will move in fas they cary Oils of nt will not be exactly te not same. For intermediate inasts wilh 2 bracke! opposite directions due to difference of tamporalures ‘opposite directions. Moreover. the extent of their moveme same os thelr distance from respective anticreep points -| FIG. 3.5.13 Torsion in the mast nt ctiteria in on Intermediate mast is “Torsion” which governs tho ‘Most import in the BM, and direct loads. size of most more thar Torsion ailses due to the fact that: ) Radiol tension cnsthe 2 brackets are not the some J) Length of the brackets on a mast are net. the sume even though the verlical weight due to OHE may be sar “i Mt UsVeM ate) ANCHOR we + VANCHOR FIG. 3.5 4 the distorted shape of the mast section due fo torsion Is shown in the skolch, 0, nm A, Blea C «€ 7 2 & af : oO c Oo , ~¢ al oO Mt So Angle of torsion B= — tk (a/)Ton"(h.od} t c oO where, S% M_ = Torsional Moment ‘ -o ‘ Height of application of the force obove foundation i 6% C= Torsional rigidity i ; 8 = 1.26 @/3 br + 3 he?) } hag in which again: ae | a © = Modulus of elasticity In sheor | wo = 0.386 x modulus of elasticity In tension ‘and compression = 0.385 x b = width of the flange ! t= thickness of flange. : hh = height of section fl e thickness for web : a. = lengin characteristics of the beam. 7 50 i cee % heb. 'e e * atch. ac where, lyy = moment of inertia about *y-y’ axis, In our case. Wee> 3 and haf = 1 (approx) hence, M =—x (Lay c The final angle of torsion fs found out by summing algebraically all the Torsional! angles for ail the forces as below: |. Torsional Moment - FA FL f; 5 2 P £ = ketch3.5.16 7 Lae ec GO The forces shown are: GO Radial tension in catenary G2 Radial tension for contact wire & ‘ P= Weight of OHE qe X © eceniiclty of the bracket Allthe forres can be converted into 2 horizo:.tal forces at the fastening points ‘of cross arms . cP sree i _ FIG3.57 (P © + So, for torsional angle at the upper cross orm at °A’ the following 2 values are 2 found out for long bracket for short bracket Ba Bas, Sliniloly for lower cross arm at "8 | ig. = for long bracke? . Vy, # for short bracker cf oH il LONG BRACKET og creer & > my ot SHORT BRACKET: F1G.35.18 Net resultant torsional angle for upper cross arm at ‘A" ae ae Ton et Case 1: For symmetrical placing of cross aim. B > BAL- BAS 05m J0Sm Lt F1G.3.5.19 Case 2: For eccentric placing of cross arm shown. By Is Increased by 0.68/0.5 el * Byq Ib decreased by 0.35/05 = 01 Case 3: For eccentric placing of cross arm shown. H = 13BEL-OTBAS f FIGS.S. 20(0) a = O7BAL a 3 <3 BAS FIG.3.5.201b} 84 Ace Se Gs PEEK Ce, San similarly for the lower cross arm the net torsional angles are as be Case 1: As shown Gbove fi = By - Br, Case 2; ——do——~ B= 1.9 By 87 Bs Case 3: ——do- B= 07 By - 1.3 Bye Anchor Masts : @) Anchor mast in overlap span in tensioning equipment sectioning: Loads ond moments for OHE are sme as In the case of normal mosts with, single brackel. Extra loads and moments are os follows 1) Direct vertical loud of tensioning device: Lg | COUNTER WEIGHT F1G.3.5.21 | This is the vertical component of the tension of the anchored OHE «1 ( As the ancnor fie Is af 45° Inclined to the mast) = 2000 kgf for catenary and contact wire. To this are to be ad ed the vertical load cue to countenweighls and tensioning clevice = 400 + 100 = 500 kg. Iotol vertical Joad = 2600 ka. I) Radial Tension due to Anchored OHE pull- FIG. 3.5.22 = Tose, 135 shown in thy skeich above. Bending. moment at the base of most = F x (height of anchored OHE above foundation). = F x H as per dimension on sketch. : lit) Wind Loads on the counterweights of tensioning devices: This is opproximately §0 kg. It acts at approximately 1/2 the highest of ‘anchor point above foundation. H B.M. at the base of mast = 60 x —— rept 2 +f 50 Kg | | : ol 7 FIG, 3.5.23 4 'v) Wind Load on the anchored OHE: F’ @ 1/2 x span x'(wind load on catenary cnd contact wire per m) 8M at the base of mast = F'H All these extra BMs ore acting on "xx" axis, As the anchor mast Is guyed along track, force along the track are all counteracted, b), Anchor Mast on Anticreep Point Allloads and BMs are calculated asin case of nermal mast with single bracket. Extra loods and BMs‘are as follows: FIG.3.5.25 F1G.3.5. 26 | { 99 oS \ onwano Dp 7 On 0 gee Heer ee.0 OES S } ‘C eee oA 7S 2° DO 8 OE TO OD WOLOEO WD LE om. wr S re) 3) brecl Load due to anlicroep wite: This.i3 the verlical Component of the tension of anticieep wire — 1. 130g kg approx. as the guy inclined at 45° to the mast. The tension 5 approxi mately 1300 kg mexifnum in the anticteeping wire for extreme weather condition i) Radial Tension due to pull in anlicreep Wire: F = T. Cosg as per the sketch shown B.M. at the base of mast =F x H1 Wind load on the anlicreep wire: F = 1/2 (span)x 2/3 (dia of anti-creep wire) x (wind pressure). 8M, at the base = F’ x H, All the BMs above are on ‘x-x’ axis of the masi. There Is no force and BM along the track due to the anchor guy. 35.7 Anticreep Centre Mast The logds and BMs for OHE are same as In the case of normal mast with single bracket. Extra toad and BM are as follows: FIG, 3.5.26 i) Radial tension due to tension in the anticreeping wire: F = 21 Cos6 as shown in the sketch, B.M. at the base = F x (height of catenayy wire above foundation) as the catenay is fixed by the anticreep wire. li) Wind load due to anticreep wire. 4.5.8 Loads and moments table , All the difterént cases of cantilever masts have been shown above. As it Will be difficult and time consuming process to design every individual mast as and when, the case arises in the track line, Standard loads & moments tables’ are prepared for all the case mentioned below for all locations on straight and curves of different radius ( for masts located both inside as well as outside of curve) and for wind blowing ooth perpendicular as well as parallel to the track. Normal Masts. Intermediate masts with 2 brackets in insulated overlap span. Interinediate masts with 2 brackets in un-insulated overlap spans. Anchor masts in overlap spans Anticreeping Anchor masts. Anti-creeping centre masts. Ove:ap central masts. Se eens 87 Deflection: Detlections of the masts should not exceed the veive given below: At the top of masts for permanent loads only, -8om Al the contact wire level tor wind load only, -8cm These values have been fixed up more {rom the point of OHE than thét of structural. Contact wire should not go beyond the eifective zone of pantograph. of the loco In the extreme wind pressure, <8 cm \ ORIGINAL ERECTED ! i ' tc Pe LEVEL POSITION r-CONTECT “WIPE LeveL 8m DUE To win POSITION AFTER ' PERMANENT LOAD ' Is Pur fi q F163.5.27 Hence. the mast Is gxtent thot the mast becomes erect straigh! when petmanent loads are put nd FIG. 3.5.29 a) F1G.3.5.26 FIG.3.5.29 eae he Pa eal t t a le specs Cf FO CP Aen 9 yn DQ Oi Oil AO rg 3.5.30-31 FH. Dellection d, = — (3. 15 (Fig, 3.5.28) Ol oO where, £7 Horizontal force due to permanent load i.e, radial tension in kg E = 2.1x10' kg/cm? = Modulus of elasticity. Land Hin m Vin em* 4, In cm, For vertical load the deflection Is found out on the above formulae after con. Yerling them to horizontal forces: wed a FIG.35.30 © FIG,3.5.31 Pd = RO Therefore, Pad” Ra 2 Re 3b = oth? (=~ 1) hac - yp Fig. 3.5.29) oe hy hy Pst ies Fig. 3.5.29) 2E1 2. Calculation of the deflection at contact wite level 9 Due to wind load on wires only Fre d= (35-1 Fig. 3.5.20) Sth n 59 TYPICAL CANTILEVER ARRANGEMENT ON NORMAL MAST WITH SHORT SUPER MAST & w |' — AA—reTurN conoucTor ! ° So eaten [a cart : ¢ WIRE \ 2 G ee. CONTACT WIRE 250 a (SETTING DISTANCE) a RAM LEVEL be 0.500 ® T Sey © e TRACK FIG. 3.5.32 2 ac eit: al 2 n ¢ “Carenany wine) Conn. wine ; +200 =200 +700 F1G.3532 (a) oY a en a oe: eS NE a gud Oo oe oe UU u upejed bur uu Ne vouuds j Lae to wind load on contact wire ry as BEI b) Dellection at contact wire level due lo wind load on mast whe : = —— (6-4 lh + hd . Fig. 3.6.31) +24 El Where,” = kg perm. H&L. are in rn. € = 2.1 x 10° kg/om* I t= cm! d=om 3.5.9 Properties of Drop Atms (BFB sections - 3.0 m long) 6° x 6" BFB sections are used as drop-atms. Hence. the geometrical properties of these droparms are same as the 6” x 6" BFB mast, However. because of the Change in the total length, the permissible stresses are to be calculated, as calculated for the masts. Permissible stresses for.6* x 6" Drop arms: Permissible axial stress o,, = 0.6 f, = 0.6 x 250 = 150 | MPa os per clause 4.1.1 Of 1S 600-1984 Permissible bending compression stress xx. T= 11.9 mm, D=152mm, D/T = 12.8, Effective length = 300 x 0.85 = 255, 2 = 67 Therefore, as per Table 6,16 of IS 800-1984. = 181 MPa (or) 1840-kg/em? 8.x wilt wind) 1840 x 1.333 = 2083 kg/om? f 3.5.10 typical Design of Cantllever Mast Normal Mast on Tangent Track (Fig. 3.6.32) : Basic Data (Assumed) 1, Weight of OHE 1.60 kg/m 2, Walght of a brackat 60 kg (say) 3. Weight of Man . 60 kg (say) 4, Weight of earth wire 0.318 kg/m (ACSR-Racoan) 5. Weight of retuin conductor0.652 kg/m (AA-spidon ‘ond 14 kg (for tliting) fo : 6. Welght of mast attachment for return conductor 32 kg 7. Temperature Range AC to 65°C (Bracket perpendicular to track at 36%C) 8. Wind pressure 75 ka/m?on flat surfaces. 2/3:d the Projected area for conductors and 1,0 times the projected area for Bi fabricated structures. OHE (regulated) tension In each ‘conductor 1000 kg 10. Tension In Eorth wire ; ot 38°C without wind 320 kg 11, Tension In Return conductor ‘ot 38°C without wind 800 kg Calculations: A. Radial Tension on Tangent track The Cotenary wire.Is on the centre line of tho Track. Hence the radial tension 's 2er0, For contact wire radial tension Is ob" eb 2 = (>) + (—) x tension L L 200-(-200) 200-¢-200) =| + 11000 = 11 kg, 72 72 Radiat Tension due to earth wire and return conductor= 0, 8. Wind Load Digmeter of catenary wire 10.50 min, Diameter of contact wire 12.24 mm Dlometer of Earth wire 12.27 mm Dlameter of return conductor 19.90 mm Wifidioad on cotenary/m: 0.0105 x 75 x 2/3 = 0.525 kg Wind load on contact wire/m: 0.01224 x 75 x 2/3 = 0.612 kg. (Wind load uA cotenary and on contact wire to be increased by 5% lo cater for wind load on dropper) Total wind load on catenary (0.525 x 72)1.08 = a0kg. Total wind load on contact wire (0.612 x 72)1.05 = 46kg. Tolal wind load-on earth wire (0.01227 x 72 x 2/3 x 75) =adkg. Tolal wind load on return conductor = 0.019904) 2x75x2/3 =72kg Wind load on Mast: 0.152x75x6.18 = 99 kg 6 art Oro | oO res OO. ToD oS AO SA OE, oe oo Coo 5 aL Md had Re ha is. “ad Seiad Lad Sid Bae ad odd aad Sad voyuuud Sy scat ad Ga anal eed He] Cou G ua GGuuuwHYU ou ob od ws uv ioilical Load h “Weight of ONE = 1.60%72 = 115 ke. Taking half the load of bracket al the end and half on the most and considering the weight of a man al the end of the brackel we gel, P = 115460 +60/2 = 205 ky Allowing. 10 cm allowance for treick slewing, she lever arm for P will be (2.50+0.1040.10) = 2.70 m. : 1) Weight of return conductor together with Its fitting, P, =(0,652x72) + 14 = A7414=61 kg, Lever arm for P, = 0.645 li) Axial load on the mast (W) Welght of rhast + 1/2 weight of Bracket + weight of arth cable + weignt of RC latlachment fitting + P = 52,00 x.9.5 + 30 + 0.318x72 + 61 + 205 W = 4954304234266 = B14 kg Ospiacement of bracket, Assuming a maximum half tension length of 750 m. ihe maximum displacement of a normal mast bracket will be d=lat (750 - 4 x 72) x 17 x 10% x(65-35) = 0.236 m. where, 7 {= Half tension length © 750 m @ = temperature co-efficient of catenary and contact wire = 17KIQ4C, Jculolign of Bending t Bending rnornents are calculated perpendicular to ihe track oy multiplying the load with corresponding lever arm distances. Toking top of foundation at 0.50 m below - the raill level. the load and the moment foble is as follows: 63 Wind blowing across the Wack toad Lever Perpendi Paraltel orn cular 10 track to track : wo Hor.Load(H) BtAChA) — LXdxH/i"#() «n) «kg kgm (kg.rn)" Due to return 4 + conductor 8.96 0472 645 - Due fo catenary 7.81 +40 2 28 Due to cont. wire 6.41 +46 365 33 Due to earth wire 13 +45, 329 : Due to vertical load P 2.70 205 554 83 Due to vertical load P, 0.645 6 39 : Due to wind load ‘on mast ais2 93 379 Due to wind load on mast attachment for RC 8.61 7 6 : Total 580 2684 14 T Ghaes Soe big PATTON CGH ES MH CUCaT EEC Me ee beaten an Ot bracket due to lernperature vonation. 1 Actual stress in the most in} EV axial compression 6, 1 : A ala : : = Se 12.24 66.50 Scecet!Iog * 12.24/282 = 0.043 < 0,18 Actual bending comp. stress Mxx 2684x100 ABOUT KX-OXIS Gyecoet a. & 870 kg/m? <0 ox a7 Actual-bending comp, stress M,, 114x100 OUT YY QUIS Cysroat a a 8 107ka em? Zy 1006 Since the 1OtlO Gyegq/ Tay 8 1988 than:0,18, os per clause 7, Sac. Srerast , Suenos + 6, s10 fee Soe Svey 64 .1,1(@). of 1§ 800-1984, a ied ols Ja el? ye el. 19 Cs at Sia cra ee e 9. Peete ‘Qs © euoswsegd oe ud uv a. fa st 107 m2 101% 6043 + 0.38 + 0.088 <1 oar gt ince safe. hecking of Mast for deflection at Ihe Tob Ine lop of the Mast, the deflection should not be greater than 8 cm under amanent loads only at the time of mast erection. The mast is given an equal “ets deflection so that after stringing, the Mast is vertical and any Bud RuBUe He Boed — pUBTEYIO. —__PUP.DLO tuj6us) s090:0 BUR N's parono> 94 wOd joy) suDdE 19/9 PINPUDIS Jono COAL way 40) tuDds 10919 oY GUIMEYS e101 hy A OW : a eh Eh! e@FSH 9.89 CGS | eee 3.5.12 =P ooo ote” eS O SAITO Part 2 DESIGN OF FOUNDATIONS Introductory The foundation for OHE structures aré subjected to very heavy overtuming moment and very litile ditect load. The conventional method of design consistsin designing heavy foundation block such that the resultant pressure due to all forces and moments intersects the foundation base. preferably within the middie third or riddle ha. Such a foun- dation Is termed pure gravity foundation. tn the case of side bearing foundation both the side as well as the base are supposed to resist the overturning moment. Side bearing foundations are of parallelopiped shape and with their use 50 to 60 % volume of concrete Is saved. . Side bearing foundations are now generally adopted for OHE structures. Pure gravity foundations are however still used for fixed base portals, new banks and where the soil has a very poor bearing capacity. in the design of side bearing foundation top 0.5 m layer of soil Is considered to be ineffective in resisting side Pressures. The block is assumed. to rotate about its centre causing pressures on the sides as weil as base. The variation of pressure on the sides ond base. Is ‘assumed tu be linear. The pressure imposed should be within the safe beating capacity of the soll. A typical side bearing foundation with pressure distribution on its bdse ‘and sides is given in Fig, 3.5.34 ASSUMED LOOSE SOIL UP 10. 0-Sm TYPICAL SIDE BEARING FOUNDATION FIG. 95.36 When the width of the embankment Is such that the distance ‘e’ in Fig 3.5.34 Is less than 0.3m side gravity foundation as per Fig, 3.5.35 is used. In this case only «one side of the foundation, towards the trackls assumed to be effective in resisting. the overluming moment, in addlllon to the base. 79 ASSUMED LOOSE SOIL : SIDE GRAVITY FOUNDATION FIG.3-5.95 In black cotton areas a special type of foundation Is used. The design of such @ foundation is based on the following premise: 1) Black cotton soll when loaded In dry condition has a bearing capacity of the order of 16,500 kg/m?. li) When black cotton soll Is wet, it swells and the swelling pressure may be of ihe order 16,500 kg/m’, When dry the soil shrinks and shrinkage cracks may exiend to 3 m below ground level. The depth of black cotton soll foundations Is therefore about 3.0 m so that the base of foundation Is free from violent swelling and shrinkage. The foundation is So designed that the pressure on the bass Is wilhin 16.500 xg/m? and is checked for uplift pressure of sare magnitude. In considering the uplift the weight of on inverted trustum of a pyramid’of earth making an anglé of 30° wilh the vertical Is assumed to" resist upilit. A typical black colon soll {cundation Is shown In Fig.3.5.30. 25 28 zt i eed ile - 3 at) pod max.2.20 F1G.3.5-96 38.13. Typical ONC foundations 1. Side Bearing Foundation This is used In lovel grounds. culling and in good consolidoted ernbankments with sufficient shoulder width, For side bearing foundation In banks, RDSO's Dig. No. E1/C/0023 may be referred. 2. Side Gravity foundation This s usedin good consolidated embankments with insutticient shoulder width, 3. Pure Gravity Foundation This Is used in unconsolidated banks and in ash filled areas. 4. Dry black cotton Soil Foundation This is used in black cotton soll which remain dry in summer and becomes wet in monsoon season. This soil swells in wet conditions. 5. Wet black cotton Soil Foundation This Is used in block cotton soll which remains wet through out the year. 3.6.14 Soil Pressure The following allowable Bearing pressure are generally adopted for different kinds of soils: 1) Average good soll in banks and cuttings 1000 kg/m® 1) New bank and bad soils in banks and cuttings (5500 kg/m? |i: Moorum soil in cuttings - 22000 kg/m? tv) Ory black cotton soll 16500 kg/m? V) Wel black cotton soil 8000 kg/m? 3.8.15. ‘Design formulae The formulae derived from first principles is as follows: 1, Sid beating type: eer 8 | FIG.3.5.37 Consider the foundation block as above and let the foundation rotate about o point *w’, IF RR, Is an horlzontal through ‘w’ then the soll pressure on the sides wil be changing from one face to the other opposite. The pressure distribution shown & Inthe figure are elther trangular or trapezoidal. Hypothesis: There are two main poinis: 9) The dead oF loose soll and the trlangle of pressure on It Is neglected (triangle "BC" In Fig. 3.5.37) b) Soll pressures exerted by the foundation block to the eorth are propor tional fo their respective distances from the centre of rolallon. Design calculation Bending moment = m Distance of the point of application of the force on the nast for which bending] moments is ‘Mm’ Hence, horizontal force at that height = x = M/A. External vertical load on the foundation = V and weight of the foundation blosi concrete Total vertical load = N = V+P The bearing pressure P,, P, & P, and thelr respective distonces x, y, and z of Indicated in the figure. There can be two cases namely E i) Resultant of all the vertical and horizontal forces passes oulside the midi} thifd of the base. 82 “2 2 ost To 1) Rosuitant of alt ne vertical and horizontal forces poseos within micille Ihid of the base. Case i): Resultant passes outside the mictcile thita For equllibrlum of horizontal forces. 1 1 Xe bP Ao Pay a For equilibrium of vertical forces. i“ Fi 1 N= = bPZ @ 2 For equillbtium of moments about the point 8, (centre of the bose): 1 at = bP 2 23 : ending moment at the centre of rotation of foundation m hy (AHH: 2) A 2 M = xX((AtH): 2 Xh, x Lo Therefore M + —— = > BxPNh,— 2 3 2 3 og by puting the value of N tom oye a By the second hypothesis = —~ = — (4) | ° nee Ey Eee oR 2 from the figure above, x+y = te 6) {rom equation 2) above we have P, = — Ome = be >a 2 1 1 3 from equation (1) above X= —bP.x-—~DPLY 6 q 2 22 7 =—b PxPy) O R 2 . 2 ‘ Om > be. o (from equation (4) above X= —tey) Q , 22 . nN * = —G# y?), putting value of 8) z N form Eqn. (2) for xy? = x2] or (ey) = x2/Nh, N o ae aa By ST Solving for the value of X and Y from this equation os well as equation (6) above we have 1 x Fromm equation (@) above we have Not ‘a P= hy) oy be Nh, fine ' © I No @ eae Pah: —) 1 Gy ‘ bz Nn," iM 2N ‘ ey Pye all bz : i © Putting these values of P,, P, P, & X ¥ In equation (3) above we have, i, . H S xh nN xe TN et Mt—e oe (hee Fe hy =P 2 42 Nh 242 Nh, TN xt at see HP EG 2d Nh, 2 3 On, reduction we have M = N (== += 62 23 o Ma he : Of B+ B=) i N2 a This can be reduced to a form “ Moh? Bw =- De — N 2 2 From this equation z can be found out. The final 3 equations for the pressures are: 8a Fe 3sa0 Jule shows the prossuso distibutton: ine bose Is P, and P, al © ond L téspectivel. For equiiorum of rooments af Ike pot 8, (eenkie of the bose) we o @ 1 Not + bpyts —— 3) 6 6(22-a) From the second hypotnesis: P, z ond P, = “ From the figure x+y=h, Equation (2) gives 2Nz P= (5) 0b(27-0) c Putting the values of P, and P, from (a) and (6) In (1) we have | bp, N OF) x= — by) = 2 raya xQ2-a)a on xy? = N AS xty = h, 1 x(2z-a)a x= sh,+ 2 Nh, 1 xQra)a y= Sh, - 1 2 Nh, The soll pressure then becomes: “ON xQz-a)a NK, x P= th + — + ab(2z-0) Nh, | “ab(22-a) bh, N x(Qea)a Nh x. Py = —— In, - y= oo ob(2z-0) Nh, ab(2z-0) bh, Pulling inese values of P, , P,. Py, from (6) above and x and y above in equation (3) we have - : 86 ( EO ES SDS De. 4 5 SOE « 1 Oy Su oe &. xh, 1 Wl xQr-aya ally 2Aa(22-0) On reduction we have. he a M=N(———+ 1 6(22-a)a_6(22-a) hate oa j2Ma orz= NG This gives the value of z. The final equation for soll pressures are: Nh, x = + ab(2z-a) bh, Nh, x 7 pee ee ab(2z-) bh, aNz ‘ Pe ab (27-0) Design of side bearing pprallelopiped foundation is done for Bending moments Sera the track, on abdve formulae to see that the pressure P,P, ond Ps do ndi excc'ed the safe bearing pressures of soll For bending roments parallel to the track, only eheck tor stability is done as follows: overturning moment parallel fo the track at the base of foundation = Myy Stabilizing moment = Nb/2 Nb/2 Factor of safely for stability = — M, This should be greater than 1 . 7 2. For typical design of side bearing foundation RDSO’s Dig. No. E1/OHE/G/00131 may be referred, Side Gravily foundation When the embankment profile Is such that the slope intercepts the toundalion block oF where thete is not adequate shoulder widih on the oulside of the side bearing foundation block trapezoidal gravity type foundation block Is used, Typical design is given In ROSO sketch ETI/SK/C/142. New Pure Grovity foundation: Typical design of new pure gravity foundation Is given in RSDO drawing No, ety [. SK/C/131. + Anchor Foundation Block Fic.3.5.39 The following conditions must be satisfied: © Uplift: Vertical component of tension ‘T’ of the anchor tie rod should be less than the weight of concrete block, Le, V

1 should be sotistled. M, Hence. Soll pressure: Pressure P,’ “should be within the safe bearing pressure.of soll. There can be two generol cases: 1) Resultont passes beyond the middle third: 2N P, = — where N = P-V bz M Pg -V,9, z= 3a-n) - —twhere n= and nN N M = UH Therefore, “pg, - V (a-G,) - UH 253] N i) Resultant passes within the middle F16.3.5-40 89 2N 2H Qa - 32) ab ab where UH qea-n--s H N 2.5.16 Notes on Design and Execution of Foundation In Black Colton Solls: A. Design Type andsize of foundation block for masts carrying over head equipments in black cotton soll is given below. 1. Type: The foundation biock will be of pure grevily type. 2, Shape: The shape of the foundation block shall bé as per Fig. 3.5.41 and depth Is around 3.0 rn. 3. Bearing Pressure; “ 1) The bearing pressure of soll shall be taken as per test result when the soli Is dry."Foundation block designed on this bearing pressure has to be ‘adopted If en excavation the soll |s found to be dry. 7 1) But If In the subsoll water Is encountered within 3.0 m of ground level or It wetne’s of soll Is encountered during excovation. indicating water table higher than 3.0 m clopth, the foundation dosign on above bearing pressure will not hold: good. In that case the bearing pressure of the wet soll Is fo be found out and the foundation block adopted for that bearing pressuro. : 4. Design Checks The following’ are to be checked for design of foundation blocks: ') The foundation block Is safe for safe bearing pressure for the direct lood ond bending moment to which the mast Is subjected to, with all the Necessary check for stabiilty against overturning erc. 0 <—s SOTO TE Me mer eee ee Tro O-O-e eo eat ANN -N_Nn—an—n R—-O-0— nel aA n FOP OF FOBLOATION 7 108 oF our MAST dee eee AL az aren ¥1G.9-5-41 50 10 tovien | TS TRS 6mm 9 MS. ROUNDS 10 NOS WITH SUITABLE BINDERS CF 6mm p 3 NOS; iD Test for stability against uplift due to swelling pressure of wet soil normally equal to safe tearing pressure. For this purpose the welght of the earth * as per the following sketch can be assumed to act against uplift. EARTH” re sesieee note Fig 1 SECTION ow Ae" EARTH 5.42 2. 4, lid The tension In the concreje at the bottom level of embedded mast is to be chacked soasto «ej, ti ‘within the permissible tensile stress of concrete. Reinforcements When the embedded lengtt of the mast Is 1.38m & nominal reinforce ment shall be provided to take up the tension walch may develop In the concrete. The size ond shape of the foundation block for a normal mast in tangent track may be as indicated In Fig. 3.5.41, Execution at Site Period of Execution: The foundation In black cotton soll shall be done only In dry season, preferably starting from the middle of dry season and should be finished Before the monsoon sets In. Excavation should also be avoided during eccasional rains In the dry season. As it Is necessary to excavate and finish the concreting when the soll Is absolutely dry care should be exerclsed to protect the partly excavated foundation, against sudden wet spells by sultable means. Protection During excavation of foundatlon: : The foundation being 3.0 m deep the pit should be adequately pro tected"trom caving in by suitable shoring device, Placing reinforcements: No cage of reinforcement Is necessary, instead telnforcing rods as per item A 5 above may be planted in the green concrete below os per the following sketch. FIG. 3.5.43 Subsoil Watef within 3,0 meters-of ground level: ‘As mentioned In para A 3 above subsoll water encountered before teaching 3.0 m’ depth the work should be suspended at once and suitable protection of the foundation block should be done by ad equate shoring and a foundation block conforming to the actual bearing pressure of soll Is then to be aciopted, 92 yo hig necessary to take soine Ieels in odvance-of beonng prosutys ot vt High cotion soil ancl foundation charts prepared for the actual bourne) pressure found witheul delay. 3.5.17 Noles on use of Sand Core Foundation cad equipment foundations ate likely to be distur joment or abandoned. In such cases to lactitate 1 fe foundations are used. Seer TU ined on a einoval! Sometiines the overt new bank due to settl adjustment of the mast, sand cor aya In normal cose the mast Is grouted In the core hole with M 15 mix of concrete. This makes removal of mast difficult. 7 In sand core foundation. the core hole fs fled with perfectly cry sond and well packed with’Bilumen sealing at the top. For detalls of sand core foundation RDSO's Org. No. ETI/C/0012/69 may be referred. ortals and location having bending joupdation should always Te! This type of foundatlon Is not used for pi moment mote than 5000 kg.m, The top of sand core f be kept above ground level nt. 3.5.18 Typical Design - Portal with Fixed Base the calculation of bending moments and reactions generated This para decis with various loads acting on the portal. on the base of portal due to The yorlous forces ore: 1. Vertical loads : Weight of overhead equipments, drop arms, top boom. man with kits and up fights. fi DOS OL Oe Horizontal loads: Due 16 radial tension and wind acting on overhead equipment, drop crm, upright etc. Oe h there is no load coming on When the wind blows parallel to track. ‘though tights, boom and drop arms overhead equipment, considerable load acts on up! BM in bosh axes namely XX parallel to track andY-¥ perpencicularto track should be calculated sepercialy. - 7 i Step by step method of arriving at the Bending moment and vertical loads are Indicated below. CN ay step 1: Calculation of radial tension ret Deviation “ x tension 7 Radial tension = mor span oe since the pertel spans many tracks, for calculating the deviations ¢ reverence Since {he Peldered and doviallons of overhead equipment on both sides re toe Gd separately, Deviation of the, track itself due to curvature Is alven PY ‘ Et 4X versine. fs Step 2: Horizontal jJoad coming on boom due to. wind Wind acting on drop arms ‘and overhead equipment constitutes this load. The wind - tee ured fo 99 blowing in the direction in which the resultant racial tension s acting. 0 : tr aed : “93 eee : o © ( ee eR TOP © Sam Sngeen Pate” In thy ehove example wind 1s considered blowing {rom leg B to leg A. yome radial tensions are acting In a olreetion opposile to the ose’ Sao ee and, such todial ension is assurned os 720, This 10 ensure sche) design, The wind load I: calculated in the same way as expiained unte! structure | design, Vind pad eciculations for overhead equipment in kg/m has already been Setallod under suche design, Step “ertian! load acting on boom This is due 10 a) Overhacd equipment or: ¢:0p aun ent self welyhi «dio cHT b) Retuin conductor. ; ©) Feeder If any @) Acinon with kit Step 4: Moment on top of boon al eaci: drop cin locciton M'=P xt. P = total weight : 2 Welght of ovethead equipment = weight of 1/2 bracket + man with kit L = lever orm LIP a FIG.9-$:44 ® aos M \, fA -———> FIG. 3.5.45, F1G.3.5.47 090 000 jest tak og oi. a iculation of equivalent horizontal point toad on leg Step 8: CF A ay ; 3 P= Vertical load On M 2 Total horizontal toad at catencry level : = Total horizontal load at contact level 3 7 f Taking moments about “8 3) Ye bR,-PL-Mm-Nn = 0 w PL +Mim + Nn b alia Hence equivolent load at "A" on upright = R, feed a Toking moments.about “A” bR, + Nib-n) + M(b-m)= PL PL=N (ben) - M (bm) Soo hi Lad GU Equivalent oad at B = Ry = b ao step 6: Calculation of moments and reactions (MA, MD. HA, HD. VA, & VD) TAs GU b ° {\oadlig on the portal. ‘the value of moments and reactions depends on the WP The various type of lodding arer 1. Uniform toad on top of boor-due to self weight of boot Concentrated vertical toad on top of boom-due to various loads sup potted on boom directly or on drop arm. v. s< & Wind toad on the legs. Concentrated Ince! un the uptight t9 bracket supported on the upright. _& fomte: @ to eccentiic load on drop arm. 5. Moment on boom-du ntal load on top boom-due to redial tension and wind load: * e. 6. Horizor a ad Sei Seed. u oO step 7; Calculation of total direct load ‘and bending moment for foundation design. ‘ sal load (VA or VD) + dead weight + a gu b dead * b q @) Total direct toad = total vert | tpotght of al he components coming on tne design leg = P. fo 4 by Bending moment due to total load on yX-axls at the wottorn of four « Qc 3 ad M,, = MA of MD + (HA oF HD x height of foundation) OE = t Cot (inet coc Sa 5 g Gi © Z Lo] c) M, = bending moment at bottom of foundation on YY axis when ‘ws! 1s blowing parallel to the track. : = eLEvaron PUAN shack FIG.25-40 Step 8 Using-the above values of bending moment and load the stability of foundation Is checked as follows. Formulae for checking gravity foundations are adopted. Total downward load = weight of concrete + total direct load, Let this be “Nr Check for Stability Case (a) wind perpendicular to track: Eccentrlclty at.xX axis @ = Bending moment at bose of foundation —_M, total downward load N Foundation Is stable if @ 1.0. : : : My gj . 3.5.19 Typical Design of Portal Foundation: [ Total dliect load = 2420 kg. 3 Wind perpendicular to track: Bending moment at bottom of fouridation due to p Total load at xx axis M,, = §963 kgm Wind parallel to track: Bending moment at bottom of foundation due fo total k load at yy-axis M,, = 3636 kam. Safe bearing capacily of soll = 8000 kg/m? Ky Density of concrete = 2300 kg/m? Density of earth = 1760 kg/m? - (B+C) Volume of concrete -=Hx—xA v 7 2 2.4 + 1.0 kd = 17x x 2.0 = 5.78 m* 2 t ol ka cl a Fis. 35.49 kt eR ches Ay athe coming fos4 spain se ney a x. a LE, Ee, Ee 7 A629 pt? Ht, 6 Volume of earth H(BsC).A/2 = 1.7(2.8-1,0) x 2.0/2 = 2.38 mi ¢ : Weight of concrete” = volume x donslty i = 5,78x2300 = 19294 kg te Weight of earth volume x densily ta = 2.38 x 1760 = 4189 kg Total downword load = welght of concrete + weight of earth + total direct load = 13294 + 4189 + 2420 = 19903 kg Wind perpendicular to track Check for stability St fe ts nding moment at base of foundation Ved SES V8 = §953/19903 =,0,299 < A/6 (= 2,0/6 = 0.333) nononanqannn Recaro ear ue € The resultant con fall within the middle third or midale half of the base foundation. in this case It falls within middle third (Le.) @ = 0.299 < 0.333 ; Hence, the foundation Is stable. Check for Base Pressure Vo Ot Since the resultant Is falling within the middle third extreme. pressure = P = N/AB + 6M/BAY _ON-O-N-O0- 70000000 © a} 19903 6 x 5953 > + = 4146 + 3721 = 7867 < 8000 of, 24x20 24x20 “Hence, sate. : | 3 eo If the resultant falls within middle half, extreme pressure 2N HHA P=— <8000kg/m?,wheez= -e 3Bz 2 Wind poroilel to tack a a slo Check for steibility against overtuming moment: 19903 x 2.4 te aid Stobilising moment = ——————— = 23883 kgm 2 Overturning moment ~ 3636 kgm 23883 Factor of safety against overturning = —— = 675 > 1.0 iq 3636 Hence, sofe, I AS For typicel calculation for detemining Bending Moment at the top of foundation for portals ROSO’s Org. No. E11/SK/C/204 may Le referred. 8 Mpluyment Schedule Wis apparont tram what has been gone through s6 for thal here are several types of Mesi/Porlabwill different kaadiitg, alleredt by lypus of Conduelor used (ea ©F aluminium ele.) und also used in different wind pressure zones. wath different sPans ond located inside or ouside the curve wilh ihe degree of the curve veuying from location to location. Ihe sltucture to bo used for the loading at u purticutat location has io be decided fist before deciding ihe foundation wnicn also has many varieties like side bearing. side gravity, New pure gravity. black cotton soll foundation. the size depending on the safe bearing pressure to be adopted bassd, ©n the site condilions. if for each one of these types met with, ihe calculations have to be done over and over again by each project and it would consume tremendous amount of technical man hours. Ullimately. the calculations themselves are the result of many assumerions like the Safe bearing pressure the soll can withsiand the type of soit around in different Copih, maximum wind pressure lo be adopted etc. Lot of time and energy could be saved if en employment schedule can be preoared by the design office. In ‘any case the masts are eilher rolled to standard sizes of fabricated trom siandard, sections. Hence, we gan have a series of masts varying in strength to take the bending moment. each a tittle more stronger than the last one so that Ihe ono that fits in best economically can be adopted. ; Wilh this end in view, Employment schedules for Overhead equipment masts are Prepared for standard conditions for particular wind zones, for single cantilever overhead equipment, overlap central most, overlap of anticreep anchor mast etc. with standard impiantations, The employment schedule normally contains columns for type of mast with loca: flon. maximum span in which it can be used, radius of curvature, versine maximum, with reverse deflection ond the “FBM’ i.e. Foundation Bending Moment Code. If the location under consideration ils in with the standard parameiers indicated the FBM can be straight away selected without going through all the detailed * calculations. the only caution fo be exercised being that mos! economical mos! |s selected. If the Impicntation is different or the supermast Is longer or It carries Gn isolator ond such other special factors the bending moment colculations vill have to be cone, However, singe most of the cases falls under the siandard use of the mast the employment schedule Is very useiul in the site engineer/design office not having to calculate and go through the same set of calculations over ‘and over again. a & typical employment schedule for overhead equioment mast (9.5m) with wind Pressure of 160kg/m? wilh copper overhead equipment overlap Inter location wiih higher implantation Is RDSO’s Drg. No. E1I/C/0729. Similarly for ‘cundations also “Volume chart and Equivalent chart of foundations” gre prepares showing equivalent sizes of foundations for OHE structure to suit Various common loadings for different soil cind site condilions. The c!:art gives ihe foundations sending movement code, diect load, bending moment. saie soit « earng pressure assumed and the codes for different foundations like side bear Ing, side growtty etc, The dimensions of {t.e (oundalions are also given acainst each Code number for easy siting out al sile..Wilh Ihe salume.teadily available. em “The Chait ihe payment to the conlractor also becomes easier. A sample vor: ehest and Ecuivalent chart of foundations is Drg. ‘0. ETWC/0058, $11 ” cece toc geo oo oO Sse Gooos as CHAPTER 6 ws ‘ ARRANGEMENT OF MASTS 3.6.1 Location of masts 7 Masts are orranged as far as possible in the sare line paratiel to the track and fronsverse to Ihe Irack. Noimatly no structure is to pe located between any of the running tracks. 3.6.2 Umbrella type masts Se Masts may be fitted with bracket assemblies on both sides to serve adjacent tracks ifthe overhead equipments of the tracks conceined belong to the same elemen- tery section. 3.6.3 Restrictions in locations of masts rs, PEO, = Masts serving tracks of different elementary sections should not normally be located between them and In the same line, If two structurés serve two different tracks belonging to different elementary sectlors and are to be located in between, the structures must normally be staggered by 9 m, though a minimum stagger of 4.5 m Is permissible In exceptional cases - see Fig. 3.6.1 (. Frees Caer ee ee 3 7 T & OF TRACK. t @ OF TRACK * Hay Q . a > Q| It one of these structures is an anchor structure and the anchor falls between the Or two structures, they are to be staggered by 13.5 m minimum. see Fig. 3.6.1 (iD. If both the structures mentioned are anchor structures and both anchors fallbelween the structures they should be staggered by 18m, see Fig. 3.6.) (id. ee Gi f ~ © OF mack ~— C Loe Es 3] E fi a 2 og or trac 120m FIG. 36 "| ‘ FIG, 264110 J ‘S Ione of the sucture is an anchor structure and ine anchor falls away trom the «o structures a-d the out of run equipment runs close to the secondl,siructure, the iciures should be such thal sulliciont vorking clearance is availanle spassing of Oj tor between the ovethead equipment and the second structure. Cut In insulators or speciol enchor arrangements may be adopted In special cases (see Fig. 3.6.1 (iv), It stuctures located en both sides of @ track they shall be staggered by 4.5m ~ see Fig. 3.6.1 (v). 6 FT ac (tat) 60rd 6 or trac : sm FIG, 2.6109) Astor as possible, stuctures should not be located behind butters andin the vicinity of derail switches, Masts for turnouts and diamorid crossings are to be located at he theoretical Centre. If unavoidable, 2 m ls the permissible dlspiacemont on either side of the theoretical centre‘of the turn out. Wiring of loops and sidings: To facilitate future extension of electrification, masts should generally he localed and designed to permit wiring of un-wired loops ond sidings. Whotever such provisions are rade the future wire ¢uns should be shown in dotted line on the layout plons to ensure selection of the correct type of structures and foundations. Masts with counter weights should be avoided on platforms. Masts shall not be located within 161m of ash pils or water columns, Steam engines standing at water columns and ash pits blow off steam which may, cause flash over of insulators. Masts shall not be located in front of station entrances. Masts shail hot be located opposile trottey refuges. very clos! Cond on bridges of lengihs loss than 50 tn. culverts, subways + , No structures should be located beyond a signal post at a c'stance less than 10m. In cose the overhead equipment structure Is to be located In distance must not be less than 30m . see Fig. 3.6.1 (ui), iat of the signal the eo ya 5 A. ats > eh BOOS vy Ah Que we 1 Sarg) cu be Bs Ly ol onadverr Loos o od OOOO eo 2 faa 30mm (IN) tor wae) : ee Fig.3.61 (vi) Masts must be located-sufficiently far away from level crossings and back of abutments of bridges. The distance between the structure and the border of the level crossing/abutment should not be less than 10m. Sections having more than two tracks - Independent structures shall be provided if adequate track cenires are avaliable or If tracks can be slewed to obtain adequate track centre. Where adequate track centre Is not available portals will normally be'used and they must be located in such a way as to facilitate provision of drop arms and bracket cssembiles. in case of bad formations, If it is possible to locate the structures on either side of a track, preference must be given to the side with better stability. In the case of lined tunnels stubs for supporting overhead equipment cantilever assembly, should be provided on both sides of the tunnel. opposite each other. This would facilitate restoration of ovethead equipment in the event of damage to stubs on one side. Core holes for erecting structures on bridges must be provided on bolh sides of all piers. Holes on.piers which ate not used for foundation must be filled with dty sand and covered by-a slab. 3.6.4 Setting, of masts 1. Tangent track * The standard seiting i.e. the normal distance of the nearest part of the traction structure from the centre line of tangent track shall be 2,50m forthe Broad Gauge. The setiing may be reduced to a minimum of 2.36m in special ckrcumstonces such as yards, cuttings and .pa bridges etc, with the approval of the Chief Electrical Engineer of the Railway concemed. In case of portal uprights, legs carrying more than one overhead equipment and head-span structures the setting is normally not less than 3.00. 2. Curved track The minimum seiting distance of structures including portals, head span-struc- d tures etc. on curves is obtained by adding the curve cowance and 150mm 2 103 Note: Figures in brack km/h speed. Normatt slewing allowance to the selting distance specified for tangent rack In the preceding para, For trunk roules and increased in the neor future curve allo Table 3.6.1. Radius of curvature greater than or ecucl-to 875 m Radius of curvature less than 875m ©) On inside curve Radius of curvature greater than or equal to-3600m, ') Radius of curs:lure greater thon of equcl to 2360m but less thon 3270m, li)’ Rasttis"of curvature greater than of equal to 1160in but less than 2350m, to4 Degree Radius of Max. per- super Extra clearance of Curvature missible elevation —_belween agjacent cutva- (metre) speed (mm) track (mm) ture enh) Inside outside. cuve curve “We 3492 290 n 191 : (160) (40) 69) ue 2328 200 133 400 : (160)(60) 59) : ® 1747 190 185 575 : 160)¢100) (298) : We N64 155 188 585 : 2 875 138 185 590 10 ae 583, no 188 605 20 « 438 95 185 620 40 = 350 85 185 640 60 oe 185 ‘main lines where the speed may be wance must be taken as indicated In Table 3.6.1: Curve allowance for maximum speed of 200 km/h 655 ‘et Iridicates super elevation and curve allowance foi 160 'y the standard setting distance on main lines on curves should not be ess thon the value given below: @ On outside curves Standord settings 2.50 2.65m 2.90m 3.06m, 3.25m 99 ROH OHH AHH OH AO: e: 4UU40UUKUUDUUoY -Q = Q ~o oO “Oo -9 a “@ » “oe 9 0 ~@ ° a0 3a: Q yl eg a vot | \ vihe 'y) Radius of cuvatute greater xbe than or equal to 300m but ain less than 1150m 3.30 ao u In yords where there is no super-elevation of track on curves. speeds ure low and hence Ine extra clearonce can be reduced suilobly In locating structures be . Masts with counterweights {in the case of sltuctufos wilh countewelghis the terra “selling” refer to the to let Oe Lemme uw 2 {hinimuin eistonce of thu counterweight trom the tack cenite in the worst Condition. For his purpote the dsplocement of the counter weight cue to fo Wind transverse'to the track ls aetumed ot = SOM. : 4, Plattorm masts a} The setting of structures on piatforms should not be less thon 4.75m. As for Gs possible, the structures are to be located Inline with other structures already O29 foxtzting of the plotiorm ond should Be of minimum possible dimension ond IO {iv in wih tho architectural pattern prevailing in the vicinity. Location of is structures opposite to public entrances, exits, talicases. gangways etc. shat be avoided. No live conductor shall run over the platiorm. . Masts near signals ‘The visibly of signols should be taken into censideration while deciding the satting of he structures in the vicinly of slgncis. The following principles are fo bo obsoived. Colour light signels jacated oulside. oll Lacks {@) Colour light slanals without route Indicators Where no approach signal is provided The minimum setting distance of sliuciue before the signal should be 3.28,3.10, 3.05.2,90 & 2.75 for distance upio 80m, beyond and upto.l 10in, beyond and upto 190m, beyond and up‘o 270m and beyond and upto 400m respectively. oe GBUUoU BOL Y W) Where opproach signal Is provided and for signals other thon distant signals i The minimum setting of structures befora the signa! should be 3.28. 3.10, 3.08. 2.90, and 2.75m for cistence upto 50m. beyond and upto 70m, beyond and uplo 15m, beyond and uplo 160m and beyond and upto 240m respectively. ee fot Oe o ° 1b) Colour High signals wilh route Incicator 2 __D wilh HORBONTAL route Incteoter 2 The minimum setting distance of structures before the signe! shall 3.72, a 43,50, 3.25, 3.05, 2.90 and 2.75m for distances upto 60m, beyond upto 125m, ae stan Bigyeind ond Upto 170m, Beyond and upto 215m, beyond and upto 250m ‘and beyond ond upto 310m respectively. S 105 §) with OTHER THAN HORIZONTAL route Indicator The minimum setting distance of structures before the signals shall 3.80. 3.25, 3.05. 2.90, and 2.75m for disiances Upto 70m, beyond and upto 130m, beyond and upte 170m, beyord and upto 215m and beyond and upto 280m respectively, Setting distance may be reduced (or slarter signals of loop tines and . yard lines: The setting can be reduced in special cases. conforming fo Fig. 6 to 9 of RDSO Dig. No. ETNOHE/G/00112. Colour light sionals located between tacks Signals without route Indicators No overhead equipment structure should as far as possible be located in the same lone as the signals for a distance of ot least 600m before a signal. * Drop atms of portals should alse not notmelly ba located In the tane where . signals are locoted at least for a distance of 60cm belore the signal. Where this 1s not possible for any reason, the signal should be mounted on an offse! et bracket. In addition o special sludy should be made In each such case In ow fespect of three drop arms before the signal fo see whether the drop aims can be offset from the centre line of the lane in a direction opposite to the d off set of the signal or alternatively whether Its possible to shorten the drop ‘aims. Reduction in the signal height must also be examines, Signals with route Indicators 7%. The principles mentioned in the preceding pores should be observed in this} ¢ “"y possible be higher than 5.2m above rall level. Great care must be exercised In deciding the location of the colour light signals with route Indicators sd that the necessary minimum clearances are ovollable between the signals and live out of run wires. or pantograph sway zone, Fos No part of o colour light signal without ¢ route indicator should as for as i i ~ Semophore sion located outside the track og The minimum setting of structures before the signal should be 3.05. 2.90 & C 2.75m for the first, second ond next three structures respectively. starling with the fist structure trom the signal. For details RDSO's drawing numbe E1l/OHE/ G/0112 may be relerred, AD e 7 —~O-C- On single line sections. signals (colour light as well as semaphore) must, as for ‘8 possible, be located on the side of the track opposite the overhead equipment structure. 3e plers stance of mosts on piers of bridges will be as large as possible d by the Rallwer- Sis AE ed aE See ee PR) ES De SLU Ta eS Y ORS EL we yr theron denims eaoennss “Tuin-ouls ond diomond crossings the sotting of masts localed near theorelical centres of 1uin-outs cna diamond * crossings shall be 3.0 m trom the nearest track. Portals Wherever portals ore ptopesed to be useo. they shail be selected with ttandotd cleat spans (distance between face of the uprights) indicated In tho lublut given la Chapter § of Ihls Volume. For this purpose iho clowr span {for any location obtained by adding the proposed setting of thé two columns to the cenire-o-centro distances of the tracks spanned by the portol shall be rounded off 1a the next higher standard span Indicoted in the tables, Ths setting of the uprights of the portal sholl then be adjusted to sul! the standard tpdn selected with a minimum setting distance as specified in item 2 above. 107 oO 20 ecoooen oowe Boot f5 alll mi CHAPTER 7 in ce CANTILEVER ARRANGEMENT wy 2 ‘ 3.71 Slze of the tubes e The ovethead edhiipinent Is supported from the structures by swivelling type 0 bracket assembties comprising of stay tube, bracket tube. register arm tube, a steady-arm.ind other associated fittings. The sizes of the tubes ore as under: . Type Outer diameter Inner diameter Standard, mm Standard, mm Bracket Tube : = Standard 38 7 29.9. i - Large “4 40.9 > Stay Tube 33.7 28.4 o J Register Arm Tube 33.7 28.4 Depending upon the suspension distance, the size of bracket tube i.e. standard of large to be used is selected from relevant employment schedule. Size of stay ‘aim tube and register arm tube, which are designated as small tubes, Is same for all locations. 3.7.2. Cantilever atangement The arrangemént of cantilever depends upon the hieight.of contact wire, en- cumbrance, suspension distance, stagger and super-elevation. Standard can- tilever arrangements are given In RDSO’s drawing No. E1l/OHE/G/02106, Sheet No. 3, * a i 3.7.3. Bracket Chair Bracket assemblies are designed upto suspension distance of 3.5m only. If the suspension distance Is more, bracket chair conforming to RDSO's Dig. No. ETI/ OHE/P/30S0 and RE/33/P/3100 are to be used. ~» “The chairs become necessary because of the large Impidatatlon prescribed for masts particularly on platforms. ROS LOS 3.7.4 Platform Locations The arrangement of the cantilever assembly on platforms snail be as per RWSO's Org. No.ETOHE/G/02104, Sh, 2. 3.7.5 Allowances for adjustment too pearemicenenenem-ontengins of tubes shalll be such as to permit adjustment of “He wholé equipment’ after erection to cater for displacement of track to the exiert of 100mm.on either IS OU 2 ° side of the track centre, during maintenance. 0 o 109 free length ovoilable on the bracket tub @ beyond the calenary suspension bracket sholl be at least 150mm to facili jote adjustment. | 6 f Peete | -# ° changed due fo strengthening of the track structure, the pantograph axis will | Length of stoy tube sh ‘all Ue such that at any locaton fi ‘adjustments for @ mini imum of 90mm on elther side, adjuster Is tree for the super-elevation is il! is Not within the adjustment limit keady avaliable on ; Plovided toking care that + ‘he contact wire stagger ls within presctioed mits et ell motors va 3.7.6 Multiple cantilever on same structure . 7 or Hever ERS turnouts, crois overs ond dlamond crossings more than one can- ) tilever ore tec ulted to be provided on the same side of struct : Me ent MmatHiCO! on either side (0.80 m on either side } of osrmmmenon (0.65 i ™M 0” one side and, 0.35 m on the oiher sida), 3.7.7 Bracket assembly on drop aim Wenbattols, bracket assembly (or the Intermediate hacks erected on Grop orms. Wherever the track cente Isl 3.7.8 Biidges and tunnels Depending on the bridge or tunnel the bracket ossernbly of special design may have to be provided fo suit the locaton, after clearance studios. Insulators tor polluted areas Mypolluted c-eos e.g, tunnels. areos near sea coast, nsighboihood of chemical) [Silliter/cersnt pianis. vicin\ly of steam loco sheds, ust bit pore columns etc. long creepege path 1050mm) insulators shaillbe ued on the cantilever assemoly, Cs CHAPTER 8 25 kV FEEDERS AND CROSS SPANS AT SWITCHING STATIONS 3.8.1 Suspension . Where 0 25 xv feeder is run longitudinally on traction masts. the typical orange trent shown in ROSO'S Dig. No, ET1/OHE/G/05143 shall be, followed. The feeder may be run on either side of the mast. Two 25 kV feeders of one 25 kV feeder Gnd one return conductor may be carried 07 a single mast ifnecessary, wilh one conductor on each side of the mast. it tne 25 kV feeder and overhead equipment ate of different elementary sections: “Restricted Clearance” board shall be provided. 3.8.2 Clearance from overhead equipment Where 0 25 kV feeder crosses an overhead equipment belonging to-a different * elementary section. the clearance between the feeder and the overhead equip: ment shall not be less than two metre under ail conditions. 3.8.3 Clearance from line side structures Normally no feeder should be erected overhuts, cabins, goomtles. piaiform sheds of other covered structures. If unavoidable the clearance between the highest point of a covered structure and the 25 KV feeder passing overt must be2m under etl conditions, In the case of a 25 kV feeder passing over an overline structure Sinich is not covered, a sultable metallic screen shall be provided on the overline Siucture undemeath the feeder. The clearance between the feeder and the highest point of the screen must again remain adequate under all conditions. A cleoranee of 2mls desirable between the 25kV feeder andany part of cnearthed structure for facilitating maintenance of the structure, 3.8.4 Cross feeders at swilching stations ~ [Al switching stations have gantry with two or more main vertical supports. Cross fecders ore providedon the gantry to connect the varloussections of he overhead Sauipment through jumpers, The general arrangement is shown in ROSO’s Org. See EII/OHE/G/05121 . Sheet No.1. Tension in cioss feeders shall be 100 kaf at 40°C in still air 3.8.4.1 Setting distance : The minimum setting distance of the gantry upright __ which is normally aligned parallel to the track shall be 4.20m. 3.8.4.2 Multiple tracks Hl arent 26 ent of connections at the switching station on double track eae ee tiple “feck sections dre shown in Drg. No: €T1/QHE/G/05122, Sheek Now, ‘and EI/OHE!S/05123. Sheet No.1, respectively. Ihe general crongem O°. Q c ooas 3.9.1 3.9.2 CHAPTER 9 TRAMWAY TYPE OVERHEAD EQUIPMENT Regulated equipment In trarnway type overhead equipment only contact wire Is provided and Is auto- asoned at ine anchor by suspended weight. The contact wie {s supported by swivelling type of brackets on Individual masts os indicated in RDSO’s Dra. No. ET OHE/G/04204, Generally the principles: dpplicable tonormal overhead equipment Gre alco applicable to regulated tramway equipment, except o¢ indicated below. The regulated tramway type equipment Is fo be edopted for loop lines. sidings, yards ond spur lines excluding the main running line and first loop or tines taking ‘off from the main running line. spon: The maximum span Is restricted to 63m, The general artangement Is shown In RDSO's Org. No. ENI/OHE/G/04203. Section Insulators: Where @ section Insulator assembly Is to, be provided, the provision of a structure to support the ‘assembly Is obligatory. The arrangements ere shown In RDSO's Org. No. ET/OHE/G/04207, sheet number | & 2. The arrangement of tromway equipment at the anti-creep and points and cross ings are as per RDSO's Drg. No. ET/OHE/G/04205. ahd 04208 respectively. The main running spar. is not fo exceed S4m. The anchor span is not to be less than 45m. The distance betweée ontl-creep and reguialing equipment is restricted to 750m. The teqsion in the anti-creep wire Is 1200 ke ot 45°C. The ant-creep wie itself wil have minimum a stagger of 1 m towards the structure. Unregula’ed equipment cs The general arrangement of tramway equipment n the case of head-spans and cantilever type construction is shown In RDSO’s Org. NO. ETI/OHE/G/04101. The principles applicable to standard OHE are applicable to this type of unregulated equipment except for: 9) The maximum span is restricted to 30m, In station areas, where this type of ‘overhead equipment runs side by side with ‘conventional OHE with contact orth cotenary wires the maximum span can be Increased Yo 31.6m. b) Where asectioninsulatoristo be provided provision of asiructlire Is abligstory 13 € ~ 3.9.3 Tension a, the tonsion in the wire Is 1250kg at Ihe mean temperate of 98°C for 1O/ ire? contact wite, Higher tension than that for normat ovethead equipment is adopted fo limit the mig-span sag ond In-span slope of contact wite. 3.9.4 Tuin-ouls and cross-overs The tromway lype OHE cannot be Used fur turn-outs taking off from main. funning lines equipped with high speed conventisnal OHE, as the tal of fallin gradient of unsupported contact wire would riot match with that of sonventlonal OHE ‘ond would decidedly be c isk leading fo entanglement of pantogrophs of main : line high speed locomotives. Even for wiring of cross-overs between Iwo tracks, the Iecalion of section insulator would present difficullls. In such a case it would ‘be preferable to use conventional oxgthead equipment. For these teosons, the OES fo he toop nos Yoking off fom mola NN speed tasks hove To be. || compulsoilyeciped with conventoncl Cie \ enone orrens aonnnnnnnnnrtee £90 iad: (ao eel a aed Bb oUCBCLBELE CHAPTER 10 BOOSTER TRANSFORMERS AND LT SUPPLY TRANSFORMERS 3.10.1 Booster transformers standardized tor use in differ Gooster transtormer ts shown In RDSO's big. Noy £1/PS1/011.012, 013,014,015 and 016. 3.10.2 Location of Bts Location of a booster transformer should. bs decided taking Into consideration the following points, ster transformers id point falls at ») In exceptional circumstances wher located equidistant ensured that the dist Sectioning Post does 1 (@ G booster transformer.can not be om the Feeding Post or Sectioning Posi, i mar be rot eeee?, Booster transformer from Feeding Post or not exceed 1.33 km, ©) Booster transformer should not be iccated: ° Ih the vicinity of stop signals to avoid bridging of insuloted overlap by the locomotive pantograph ~ wlhin the station limits except for very big statlons, 3.10.3 General: atangement Following Important points should be considered: The reference datum level shall be the highest rail level, The disicnce between the booster transformer gantry mast and thé entre line of track fs 3.6m, minimum 3104 Return conductor in deciding the toute of the teturn condvetor the obstructions enoule must be Tee g ie sderotion, Apert trom this adequate physical ond electrical Taken ine Gnust be maintained trom fixed structures and otner conductors The genetol objective Is fo run the retum conductor as close °F possible to the The genetel Sinead equipment! s0 as fo secure maximum compentcten Teccton effects, Subsilaty tines lke sidings, Ioops ete, are not provided with fetuin conductors, the retuin conductor shall normally be run on the traction mast on ihe Sere side Fe eae conc equipment. The general arrangement Is shown In ROSO's Da. No, EN/OHE/G/05307. Cleorance : The clearance belween the relumn conductor ond. 1e overhead Seetengnt must no! be less than 400mm uncer wors! condlfons. The static ond ce eserentjearonce to any polt of the reluin conductor trom @ (ed earthed port mus! be 150mm and gOmm respectively. ‘At oveltine stuctures tho rolutn conductor may be tun straight hough. If Posse. {as on normal structures, , Complicated oeos: tn station ofeos with complicated track layou, fey not Se paciicable fo position he reluin conductor sufficiently close 10 ne associated oe ac eauipment fo ensure optimum compensation. ln such cases ne route yatta enuctor is dacided on the mets of each case. core being token, fo avold running the retuin conductor over pictforms. 7 Tension lenath: Retuin conductors are normally terminated at the maxis whey Fe ie nouctors are connected {0 the rail, They may be anchored back to back on such mosis. Connections to bodster kansformers: Al all booster transformer statlons, the 19140) ne oO gaich track shell be provided with @ Cutin insulator. The prety Conctucte podster transformer Is connacted in sories wiih Ihe overs sea ae at and ine secondary winding In sorles with the cluin, conductor the Seeiommions ore as shown In ROSO's Dig. No. ETVOHE/G/05413. Mid point of retum conductor ‘@) The midpoint of the rotum conductor between two consocullve Doosel Fee porters connected to {he tunning roll approximately midwoy power aro oer taneformer stations os pet RDSO't Drg. No. ZTOHE/G/08306 ond EIy/PSy6N1. b) The: midpoint of the retuin conductor In front of Feeding Posts shall be ve nected to @ ral Buried on elther side of the insulated overtop and in cose St sectioning posts shall be connected on elther side of neulral section, ©) In exceptional clcumstances where the mid point does not fall In front of Tecan poste/sectioning poss the two al inks between the retum concluctor ree tne val sholl be provided in font of the feeding Fos! /sectionlng post on cher side of the insulated ovetlap/neuiral saciion. In these,cores he mic point should not be connected lo tho ral, 116 3.108 UF Supply tanstorners s 290 single phase power supply eduited fer operation O substation dauiprnent= ° jo. crouil breakers. infeupters ec. lahling of the station yards. unnats and rough 25kV/240V.. £0 HZ. single phase Ini signals is obtained 1h feeding and ‘working of cotour tig | level 5 RVA of 10 KA transtom switching posts, stolions. ‘not. These are provided at substations. Diock huls and at othr outdoor locations 68 LT supply transformers of 5 KVA copocly CX provided a4 Grossings wiih gote signals fee Cros oe PEromings ond ee such focalons where eee fe thon or lock ne oppalion 10 KVA wanaermar, ce rence, MOS thon > on smear prowides In Forge salons, yards 3 LT supply transformers 10 projected only by o 25KV. 1 A dropout fuse on the a gaa wee erable 2 YDe wih 20 SG Iened SOPH ‘wito} 2 Bh ine secondary se ° Lt supply transformer is mounted on a sleet plattorm erected on the ‘overhead 5 Gauipment mast and-connected to the 25k overhead equipment through rigid aluminium bus bor or 1971.80 mm (50 rm?) annected copper stranded jumper 2s Gite. The general arrangement of mounting Gad connection is shown In ROSO'S rg. No. ETIJOHE/G/05522. .¢ transformer oil contr: phase transformers Of ection ig shown 10 ily corded out in 7- at TSS. ‘Al aubslatlons in orde! 10 provide power fo single Pres 9 fhgimostitation plants, 100 KVA. 25KV/240V, 80 He single povided. The ganorai orcangement of mousing ‘and conn ee tre big, No. EUPS/OST2, However, os tation of OF general To yoors, 100 KVA transformer is not required to Pe installed permanently, G o GbE uu = a a i oe tad # 17 emia rvs shud nenino lr A Bee se 0 3 v 2 9 & ® ce £ eed CHAPTER 11 BONDING AND EARTHING phe ghapler is a reproduction of RDSO's Code Not E/OHE/71¢1 190). A&C 1, 2 ‘Code for Bonding Earthing for 25 KV, ac, Sol, Single Phose Traction System.) 3.11.1 scope Ing Code shell apply to 25 kV. ac, 50 He single phase traction system ond covers {he eauirements for bonding and earlhing of oveihoad equipment nents anes 1 ures and astociated rails of railway track, The bonding ang earthing at traction jupalalion Including feediig posts, switching stallons, booster trocclormes sto- Sores gSkV/240V ouxllery transtormer stations cnd switching Doni oe wok os Sgnaling end telecom,sunication equipments ore beyond Re scope of this CODE 3.11.2 Detinitions 7 The ‘following terms wherever appeating in: this Code shall, unless excluded by Se emeanont to the context, have the. meaning ottributed there to one apply as follows: . pond” Means an electrical connection belween two of more condue {0'5 oF non-current carrying metailc parts of fraction masts oF shrucheres 9 supporis and rails. : 2, “Cross-bond” means a bond betwen Iworails of atrack ortw>railsofadjacent tracks. It is also called a “transverse bond’, 3. “Earth wire” means a conductot run on traction masts or struchues or supports and bonded fo thelr motatlic paris/supporls and conneciod to cant: 4. “Earth” means o connection to the general mass of earth by means of an earth alsctrode. An object is sold fo be ‘earihed’ when It ie electrically Connected to an eaith electiode. and the objects said to be ‘solidly earthed. when It is electically connected to on earth electrode without inlentional aaddliion of rosistango of Impedance in the earth connection. the resislonee of the earth electrode shali not exceed 10-ohm. 8. ‘Earth elsctrode* ‘means a metal plate or pipe or ony other conductor electriccily connected to the general mass of the earth! 6: “Impedarce-bond” Is ¢ bond, Installed by the signal ond Telecommunicetion Department, which provides a low Impedance path for the hndclion sein ‘ad a relatively high impedance path for irack circuit current, 2, “Rall-bord” means ari siactrical connection across @ roll joint between : Consecutve lengths of -ails. It is also called a ‘Longitudinal bond", cRell¥enih” means a continuous length of ral with of without welded joints ‘but with 9 fish plate Joints. 9% *Structurs bond” means a bond connaciing the non curren! eanying meteilic Parts of 3 traction mast or structure or support to the traction ral 10. "Signal bond” means an electrical connection across 0 rail joint, provided bs G, the Signatting & Telecommunication Department, to facililats thw of tae: circult current 11. “Short direct connection” means a connection for clectnicul continuily. which shall be of the shortest possible length with minimum benus, NA. a 12, Mraction tall” means @ non-Hrack-circulted ral of a wired rack, not required] fgr signalling purposes and which may be earthed, In non-track-circuited sections. both the ras of wired track are action rails and in single rai-ack:¢| cliculted sections, the traction rail is the non-track-circuiled roi. c 112. °WIued bond” means a bond which is made of standard copper conductors with MS. ferules at either end, pressed on the conductors and ben! to shape! 14. "Wired track” means a track provided with 25 kV, ac. 50 Hz single phase) overhead equipment. 7 @ 9.11.3 Bonding 6 3.1.3.1 In the case of 26 kV, cc, 60 Hz siigle phase traction system, the traction currerg Is drawn from the overhead equipment by the electric rolling stock, operating Ina section and passes through the traction rail, The retuin current flows mostI through the earth leaving the tractlon ral except in a zone exiending ove @ few huncred metre on both sides of the electric rolling stock in operatlo® In the section or In the vicinity of @ feeding station and returns to the traction suo-statlon. Bonding of all rails is, therefore, not absolutely essential uniike © the case.vi.de troction where practically the whole traction return current flows through the rail and hence bonding of railsis essential, However bonding of rall faciitates passage of the Hractlon return current from the earth to the traction rails which ore connected to the rail to earth and vice verso are 's, therefore, provided in the vicinity of traction sub-station/teeding posts where the traction return current has to flow back to the earthed leg of tt fraction transformer at the sub-station, through a buried rail opposite the feeding post. Bonding of rails also ensures Ihe spread of flow of retuin cureg> Into the earth and. therefore. reduces the vollage belween rail and earth So bonding of rails s done wherever It is essentiol to keep the rcil vollage kee to ensure safety of personnel. c 3.11,3.2 The fraction rail of o wired track when banded or Iaid on metallic sleepers provides generally an earth botter than on earthing station wilh earth ele trode. If, therefore. any non-current carrying part of an equipment or metalic situcture is required to be earthed, Itshall ordinarily be connected to a tracll rail. Cc 3.11.4 Track. Circuit:d Seciloris ¢ 3.11.4.1 In sections equipped with single rail-track circuits, Ihe traction rail shall be bofded to ensure that: . }) The oc voltage drop along its length Is reduced so as to minimise © | the risk of ac voltage being-applied to the track relays | es a 120 6 7 ie | | | | ! vsuvvuugs e.eFUeeseuvUUuL » Bes ee ce ee-6 28 :o0°0.0 2200 Gu Spee he Hs BS 7 uu 4 i As low © resistance path os possible Is provided both for tractlon retuin as well as signalling currents as fish plate joints cannot be toliod upon for low retistanee. 3.11.42 In sections with double rail-rack-clrcults, both rails are longitudinally bonded to ensure 6 low resistance path for traction retuin and signalling currents: and ‘aso to distribute the return current more evenly in both the rails. inpedance bonds afe installed at Insulated Joints to-provide a continuous path to the traction retum current. All rack-clrculted-ralls are, In addition, provided with signal bonds. 3.11.5 Structure Bond All non-curtent carying metallic parts of traction masts or structures or supports or metallic parts of concrete/wooden masts. supporting the traction overhead equipment shall be connecied by means of a structure-bond to the nearest . fractlon roll or fo on earth wire run on the traction masis/ structures/ supports oF 10 an earth. In the caso of a partal structure, only one ieg of tho portal shall bo provided with the structure bond, whereas for head span masts, eech mast of {ho head span shall be bonded to the traction rall nearest to It. Where traction masts of structures or supports are located on railway platforms and are bonded fo the nearest traction rail. a cross-bond shall.be provided at the location of the structure-bond fo connect the rail to the adjacent traction rail. 3.11.6 Track Bonding In station yards or elsewhoro, where a track Is not wired for Ité entire length. It shal be deemed to be wired for a distance of upto 50 m beyond the action masts ‘at which the overhead equigmenthas been terminated, Rall-bond and one cross- ‘bond shail be provided for a distance of upto §0 metre beyond the last traction mast. . 3.11.7 Mode-of Connection of Bond 3.11.7.1 All types of bond Le. roll-bond, cross-bond and structuré-bond shall be of mild steel of not less thar’ 200 mmt cross sectlonal area. 3.11,7.2 A structure-bond shall be rigidly connected by meani-of galvanized steel fasteners to the traction rall and the metallic part of traction mast of structure or support. . 3.11.7.3 Atell-bond shall be rigidly comected by means of galvanized steel fasteners fongltudinally across the fish plate joint of the traction rail end the track: circuited-rall in o track cliculted section except at the Insulated Joint of the track circuited rail. 3.11.7.4 A.cross-bond shall be rigidly connected by means of galvanized steel fasteners between two traction ralls of attack or non-track-circulted ralis of an adjacent track. . ia ns LD sc ae PR AN RN Connectingrelum conductor fo the tection roit ai shalinormatty be made wih Puts, through the buried 'PUIs ond boits oth spring, wosherand check Fe easton mests or structures Tan sePPOtlING the lraction ove {in G tunnel or in doubie : thEOS equipment ‘olttrack-cliculted section shon Gor OF fess than $0 mM copper equivalent S118 Gonding in singte Re 9.11.8.2 In single tine section shsther oF not doubling of the Section Is foreseen in ine {uture, provided with be piovicied with rat, PaPethtides.ttshatlolsobe connected to cy : 300m trom eachother, he 3119 Boncting in Doubte Rall-Tack-Cheulted soctions In @ double ralt-rock-cir Bonds, Atin 122 me ™10 "Oo “6 Si 0 a So cig Sig “lo “le Sle Slo Sho ce cid coceees CBG BLUE LYE GEL the: ration suby-sterilon/ieoding post, acuilion, these action farts dal be Henuinel aL apytoriinats glances Gt 300, 430, 700 ancl 1000 tay fron shee teas tions gab -slatlonfieeding post 3.11.11 Bonding of Ralls on Wooden/Conerele Sleepers ‘A.wited track shall be deemed to be on wooden or concrete sleepers if here ‘ore not more than six meiallic sleepers in ary length of track nol.exceeding 350 im. The troction falls of such a track shall be provided with cross-bonds at distances of not more than 380 m apart, No rall-bonds shall be provided. 3.1112 Bonding of Track In Loco Sheds and Loco/ENU Stabling Sidings All traction tails of loco shéds and loco/EMU stabling sidings shall be provided with Cross-bonds af distances of not more than 100 m apart. Further. all sidings ond/ fot dead nds. whether wired or not. shall be Connected by sail bonds. The fails Gn wooden oF concicte sleepers/ Suppor In loca/EMU Inspection pits shall be provided with roil-bonds for the entire length of the pit.and also upto a length of 60m on bolh sides ond connected to an earth, 3.11.13. Bonding of Ralls In a Tunnel In @ tunnel af! the traction rails shall be provided with rail-bonds not only over the entire length Inside the tunnel but ako for a length of upto $0 m on both sides oulside the tunnel. Besides, a cross-bond shall be provided belween the traction rolls at either ends of the tunnel, Note: If the tracks in a tunnel are track-circuited. the progedure in clause 3.11.4 shall be followed. 3.11.14 Bonding of Ralls on o Weigh-Bridge Both the ralis of a wited track on a weigh-bridge shall be provided with rail-bonds for 6 length of upto 80 m on both sides of the weigh-biidge. If the ralis are Gn wooden of concrete sleepers/suppors, they shall be connected to an earth, 3.11.18 Bonding at a tevel Crossing All the troction rails shall be provided with cross-bonds at only one location which shall be within § m from olther of the transverse edges of the level crossing. 3.11:16 Bonding at Oll Depot Sidings : 7 3.11.16.1 Unwired sidings leading to a oll depot or installation shall be provided duplicate insulated block joints «as near as possible to the turn-out from the main track from which they take-off and before entry into the oll depot or installation, 3.11.16.2 Where a siding or @ secondary loop lie Is to be wired to serve the purpose: ‘of loading and unlocding of petroleum products, the airangements to be rade and precautions to be taker ure: ) Aneutral zone shall be set up ct elther end of the lengli of the’ siding Grsecondaty loop line over which the vehicles containing the petroleum products ure lo bo berthed und joaded/unioaded. the neultal zone ts aE soa RRMA sec cieated both in the track as well as In the traction overhead equipment (QHE) By provision of insulating joints ond section insulators with Isolators 'D Both the sails of the sicing oF secondary loop ‘ine shall be provided wih {onaitudinal-boncs. Bosider, transverse-borls shal bo provided bole the tails at distances not exceeding 30 m apart. 1D The ralisof the scing or secondicry loop line shallbe connected loan earth ‘at both ends immediately outside the neutral zone. ',An sau-potentiol tink/ switch shall be provided between the metattic ‘Portions af the vetroleum Installations ie. the orth and the rails of the fing oF the secondary ioop line, this equkpetentiol ink/seiion Is tobs kept closed during the loading/untoading operations, ©) Gach and every non-current carrying pait of a traction mast or structure Seconor Sag other metalic structures In the vicinity of Ihe slang or tere sey om ing shall be provided with srusture-bonds. Only Semper iWels shall be Used for connection between The nonecuoor ‘carrying Metallic part or rali and the bond, W) During the time the loading and unloading ot apetioleum, products taking place. proper electilcal continuity shall bs maintoined between the ps- {toleum Installations, the rails on which the vehicles containing the petto- leum products ore berthed and the OHE which hos already been made dead and connected to the rails, 3.11.17 Bonding of Glider Bridge S.1117.7 Steel structures of o girder brldge sholl be connected to.a traction ral! of to 500 marta BY Means of two mild steel stips/tlals of crott-eectlon nol hace thon 200 mm? each. the traction ralls (where there ore foe oe more such rails) on the.brlaige shail be connected by ctoss:bonds of disiancasnot exceeding 100 ™ opart, 3.11.17.2 in a single roltrack-eitculted Section, the non-track-chiculted soll which Is the * fection rail shall be provided with rall:bonds (refer eles 37 1) ond con nected to on earth al elther end of the bridge. 3.1.18 Bonding of Metallic Parts Inside a tunnel Sn gcrth wire connecting allnon-current corying metalc porls which form paits Soins SePRaH for the overhead eaulpment, shall be tun nelle he Woe aE the ends hel oon be Connected to on earth as well as tothe traction role ee one Srp As UsIde the tunnel. in cose. cil the rallsare track chauitos ine ccs wire Brine eonnected to an sarin of both ends just oulside the lust mine engin tthe earth vite exceeds 1000 m, the stipulationin regard ty ‘making! electrically Glscontinuous at contained in clause 3.11.9 shall bo alowed 3.11.19 Bending of Over tine situcture Meer Stale Darts of f09! oF ‘oad over-biidges of other over-line siuclures ‘over oye lacks shall be connected either to a traction ral oro er ones by means Of two mild steel stips/ats of cross-section hot loss then 200 mor tac), 124 SAP 0 Nn oan ° LO . 2° él +0 le el se “| 20 7 el eli el v9 el 0 el 3° el 39 el 3 Oo el -° «| a) cl » @ sl, @ ol oO | ° Ie eoee bbebeue oy aU CUEEEY GCCEKDESEE ao ou ant 26 to 10 on th in woo F 3.11.20. Bonding of Exposed Metallic Ports Aloxposod metalic parts which are net likaly 19 6 such as platform structures/shoo! kV overheca equipmens, pipe: and such other items but which are local tho nearest electtified track shall be conne with the nearest electified trac! fnetallic parts shall be connected to aseperate ear parallelism 350 m apart. No special precaution is supports directly butied required in case such metallic p fin the ground If the. ‘neutvah earth res! ome In direct contact wlih 25 is. mejallic fencing. Wires, {ed within o distance of 20.m from ‘cted to an earth oF. fraction rol. If k exceeds 360 m. ‘ill the exposed ih at distances not exceeding rts are fitted on metalic Jstanee of such metallic support Is always less than 10 > Ohm. 3.11.21 Bonding of Eatthing Heel of Isolator Switch The earthing heet of an isola of cross-section not less than 200 mt most of structure of support. The connection possible. Such a fraction most of structure oF ‘en earth wire and, In addition, to an earth, to a traction rail or 3.11.22 Connection of Return conductor ‘Areiuin conductor connecting bo« mately at the mid-point between the traction rali of the some track Jor switch shall be connected by two mild stool tals mm’ each to the supporting metallic traction shall be ds short and as direct as ‘support shall in turn, be connected oster transformers shall be connected approx the adjacent booster transformer stations to Ic of to the mid-point of an;impedonce-bond In the case of double rall-track-clrcuited section. 3.11.23 Drawings The drawings issued by RDSO in connection witt CODE are listed betow: SN. Description 1. General arangeinent of earth wire on ONE mast 2. Arrangement of transverse bonds Connection of RC _ to track 4, Structure bonds 5, - Earlhing station 6 Longitudinal rail bond fh the proctices prescilbed In this Drawing Number EIVOHE/G/08201 enone 082s EN OHE/G/05906 e1y/oHE/P/7000 ETI/OHE/P/7020 ENW/OHE/P/7030 cococos goo e eee eoaeMPeeassesd i. CHAPTER 12 OHE SECTIONING Sa ae eos z 4 3.12.1 Purpose + esc yethead equioment Is vided electicolly ino sections with neulol sections, , CaNGied overlaps and with soction insulator af tumnrouie necro working > Dy moon! Cleellcal continully & maintained by bilaging the Incclores overlaps i : PMNs OF interupiors oF olators and rotation oF sok we, OHE for ae mmimenenee ahd repairs Is possible, Soctioning of Cile seis ne kept! fo a minimum consistent with operational requirements 3 3.12.2 Use of signals (or protection 2 1. * Hota: nse avetop acon nate tobe soles thot tho stop | ftom tran poy cable'on the rack s made use ot o protect ihe ooo ene 3 Anno movements winen \olation ‘ot that sectioning: pont Ceol : i Clough the distance between the stop signal aad the sectioning point has net + i been specified in the rules, itis desirable 1o Provide 120m between the stop signal i point 2 Conte tne of the Insulated overiap/section insulclog var te sectioning 2 | Point. : 3 | 123° Sectioning arrangement in aliferent type of stations - double line section 5 | ee yons having no emergency cross-overs: he sectioning atsuch a statlonis solely : i Wan in@ © block on one section or the other, the toatinne esta normally Vom ens aang treats ee tes Moa dituatbats of teil fas energies 3 Svein gd cease tities al Ws Ursin over Ihe GOllon Of hace where live, 5 evetnegd equipment is avaliable, Fig, 3.12.1 will make this cles i f OF. SIN e a Pp, feduired belween the main line and the Isop Ing, ce eete, iN ate o GrOUP oF loop lies of iwo or more, tect lonley ened iO pe Provided io include the loop lines into an independent elec, ntary section, Ur Eare of loiGe number of loop lines the chances of damage te the vey Sautbmen! being more thoy should invariably be isolated to koe neo ven ee operative, : ‘ £ oF SIN t 1 FIG. 312.2 i 1 ‘ ‘i iH . i £0F STN . a 1M } oy om), 850m. | | FIG. 3.123 | Stations with emergency cross over and no loops: The emergency cross ovor ‘enables diversion of train from up track 10 down tracks and vice-versa. Trains coming on the wrong track can also be token back to the correct frack .pa i Con pot ine emergency cross over, eolalion oh hes stations should i be as shown In Fig. 3.12.3 s0 that the longest train con be pulled ‘peyond 1ho { cross over before backing. Its ‘advisable tolocate the ‘advance starter sufficiently f ‘away from the cross over 80 that It Is possible fo accommodate the lorigest train between the emergency cross ‘over and the a dvance starter. Otherwise provision i i potte be, made in the station working rules for shunting of tains beyond the aa advance starter. Sfotions provided with emergency oross overs cna nes:Thelsolalion or0nge 0 |s available the Srey shown In Fig, 3.12.4 ond 3,12:6 Is adopled: ‘Where spo insulted overlap and the fsotator should Pe provided between the points A ond 128, Bes hewn Wy Hy. 3.124, Olhewwise the insulated overlay should be provided botore the point ond @ section insulalor provided on the foop line os indicated in Fig. 3.12.5. g oF STN 501m, 120m, ety 7 100) F1G.3-12-5 | rave pone comman tees cn tha same side of a track: “senecaiiy { Wal aR ash Lora tt =tche main ling ci loop \ con. oe elactiically conneciea onty to the adjoining main i ‘wath such a. common loop also have a facing cross-over which Can-bé used for civersion of trains from sne line fo the other without reversing, The sectioning snould permit fromm one line fo the olfver in both the directions. the sectioning ments diversion of given in Fig, 3.12.6 would meet these req | \ | | | £ OF STN i I Wet ES E-==S,, CSI oe FIG. 3.12.6 COMMON LOOP Stations having a group of common loops on one side: sectloning crrangement shown ‘in Fig. 3.12.7 should be followed. oF STN a 6 booX 10) | —_ & : i 1201 | Q $ tH f::4esenterneen ncaa Dist 2004 120m ‘OM Pp ff SSP OFL (ONLY) ‘ EIG 3-12-38 130, ee uo wouud SE Sn ee eS S086 bb Oo i SOY oO Pee eee ee tae oe Fee oO Whiuiw un SSP 4s located the sectioning arrangement shown in fig. 3.12.8-can be adopled. However. this anangement canno! be adopted ol feeding posts because the cross-over wil be connected to Iwo different sectors and in case of extension of {eed the section insulator would be actoss two different phases ain subjected 10 A4 KY. Passage of an elactile locomotive under such conciion: would result In bridging of two phases. This can damage the section insulator assembly, : Common loop situated in between the two mom tines: It the common loop ts belween the iwo main lines the common loop can be connected to the up of down line through a pair of interlocked isolators. The scheme Is indicated In Fig. 3.12: 7 gor STN HooO. eq HOO a he hos ee 7004 ei ; CO leat : SOOT 101 a % INTERLOCKED ISOLATORS ONLY ONE CAN BE CLOSED. 1G, 3.12.9 APA Tia Sectioning for loca sheds and mojor yards: A seporate feeder may be provided to feed overhead equipment of major yard/loce shed. The feeder shall be Provided with a circuit breaker of its own to isolate faults on the OHEs of the yord/ locoshed without affecting the main line. If the yard/shied Is within 4 km from the traction substation a separate feeder can be economically un, iitls beyond 4 km, supply to the yord/shed may be effociod through an interrupter located in the $$P wilh provision to supply eilhor frotn Ihe Up or trom the Down line. in cose’ the circuit breaker is out of sorvice for maintenance alteinative orrangement Is made to top the overhead eciulpment citecily through af Intetlocked Isolator. The arrangements are shown in ROSO's DRG. No, ETI/PSI/704-1. Mojor yards are notmally.separated as Up and On yords. Each yord again is subdivided as reception yard, dispatch yard, sorting yard, Marshalling yard etc. These yards If electitiod must be electtically Independent of each ather. Each * yard, If it consists of more than four lines each, may be electrically divided into two or more élomearcty sections consisting of gicups of 3 to 4 tines each. Eoch lementary section is fed tough cn lsofator frorn © bus connected to the yard intetrypior in such @ «vay thal Inleruplion to way elementary section cou: foinimum upset to the yard working. enmesres nce nan oa RERUNS pee : “oo 5 hee sh on ray eS, Single line taking off from @ main tunning lines, the following procedure Mey be adooted in consistent with operational teauiemeng. Take ci#trom main tine: 1 rom single line section at the take off proud mm Mala running-line) must be mage willy Gupleats source. This would Provide power supply ail along as shown In Fg. 3 19h Tee eee 645 fds bene 0 he power supply fr bn, o Up MAIN: —~ i DN MAIN x SINGLE LINE oO = =) 1G. 3.12.19 t Y ‘ If at take-off polnt any switching statlon exists, ne power supply in such cases eyke ensued by providing an Interupter ot switching station for the single 3° section. : O- prar2n with single {double toop tines: the loop tine/lines Is/are to be isolated by => Sere 1g.an insulated overlap on the main ine and sock reac assembly o Senet ee f° Koeping the sovtions monienes Seta yams ce a ere aes len BY G slop signal, The crrangemenls setae ere following two Figs, 3.12.11 ond 12 20 0 0-D-1-0-0-)-- o ”. rawr * DD, Sisvtion with goous platioun:iy such a sation fsolation facies shoul be provided for the goods piattoun as shown in Fig, 3.12.13. FIG. 3.12.13 vv” “uud D etter ti tec eg EI ate Pe eta es ee o> 9 f © wu 4 cHaPToR 12 oO OHE SPCTIONING -o 3.12.1 Purpose The overhead equipment iy Insulated overtaps andy * Conditions clecticat ¢ by means of interry “iuided electrically Info sections with neutal sectlons, ~ h section insulators at tumn-outs, Under normal working © 2 or ek intained by bridging the Insulated overtons Soi tO!s aNd isolation of small sections of ONE res oO mnmaemance onc/fepalis ts possible. Sectioning of Gis should be kept fo a 7H minimum consislgnt wilh operational requirements - @ ‘ / 2122 Use of slgnais (6¢ protection ‘ : Normally the inaistact aiarinn tenet ta CHAPTER 13 GUIDELINES FOR ELECTRIFICATION, OF PETROLEUM SIDING/LOOP 3.13.1 Introductory Incorder to avold ony sparking during loading/unioading c2eratlon of petroleum « product et ihe pelroleum siding/loop the loading/uniocding zone should bs Pretoled from the rest of the tailway net-work and eleciical continuity should Bo maintained between the petroleum installations, the track of the siding/loop aad overhead equipment of the siding/loon and these should be connected to earth through the 25 kV Isolator earthing heels. 3.13.2. Wiring of loops The arrangements as shown In sketch No. E1/ONE/SK/S30/Shee! 1. Mod "A" sholl be made for the purposo: : 1. An equipotential tink (L) between the petroleum Installation and the relevant track shall be provided. 2. An Insulated joint in the tails of the track shall be provided to avold risk of propagating stray currents. 3. The rails of relevant track shall be connected to eorth. 4, Short neulrol sections shall be provided In the ‘overhead equipment at tho: fwo onds of the 20n9 over which loading/unloading operations are carled , oul, - 5, the Insulated jolnts on the sails of the track and the short neutral sections 1m the HE shall correspond with each other at the resoective ends. 6. 25K isolators with éaithing heels for the OHE and Isolating switch across Ine jmulaled joint in the rails and the oquipotential tink snail be provided with locks and interlocks os prescribed. 7. Both rails shal! be longitudinally bonded. The rails shell also be tronsvorsoly bonded ot 20m intervals with one transverse bond aso et 30m beyond the insulated Joints on the ralls at both ends. 8. Every traction structure ond metalic structure In the vicitty of siding/loop shal be provided with a structure boncl, Copper rivets shall be Used for Jointing such bonds. fl 9, An earth electtode shall be connected to each rall of the petroleum siding! : Aeon either side of the insulated Joint on tho 1,. The volue of ccih Reblance of an earth elactrode shall not exceed If ohm. : t t 10, The connections of the isolating switches to the tails Gcross the insulated joint i yee ee tals shall be made vilh Insulated copper coale (similar to that for senarge/eonhing pole assembly tor 25 kV ac fracile7) which shall be Con” j fected to both rails. The connection of Joints snail Le by means of coPPaT tivets. esr nent EN Noo spe to ndicale Ihewnls oF ne totdene: 11 two boords swale hung oncotenon uniogaing zone. 3.139 Wing of deod end sings for goad - end petroleum sidings, ha orangemen! shown in sketch Wo, MONE! ‘5/578 shoil be lcilowed, 3.134 Precautions |. No off tonk wagon shot 1-2 petmilied lo be slobled under "UVE" OM inspectionreooir 2. Poolncsiniievicinly thedeingyloop svaibeetfacis:, erent aot vais C=, eH) wlth minimum of bo earths 3, Turing operation fo elecire action the canfinuy ofthe OHE and tre sels "Fone shell be maintcined atte! the equigetentiot Ink belween etioloum siding fects 1s opened: tack ond ley islotore end isolaing svitchot a sane hes ekzeningfetosing of 25 ‘sin he nove attached to ROSO's rai nding an6 tection pUIpOSe: ‘Shoteh No. EIVCHE/SKIS20 Steel 2 Lene es LS a s, t Om Be cae of eect Ky ~~ ~~~ = Teuvmist ssouy @anv@x : i 3NOZ ONIYOINT/ ONIGVOT : ; ee 5 5 { i = Tove 6 4 j FT vA : | (CRMORS 10 EHO ONY ISTIENTT ONINNNE NIV a t SCOIVONIGIS_ WAS TOULS: WOs ZHOS TANS? 30 SINSWSONVEEY 9 NMOS rome i . . at oot ” onaannwnano nan0gn0g 0 80 0. Oh. « BS AC 8 EC ee ES! ROTSFSS 5 PEI Se CS ‘ 4 \ Org. No. ET/OHE/SK/530, Mod A (Sheet 2) Notes i The arrangements ot the petroleum siding/loop in tespect of the OHE earthing/ Sending and other detals ara indicates intr Skeich No. ET/OHE/SK/530 ‘SHEET -1, MOD "A" the short neutral sections on’elther side of loading/unloading zone In the OHE °F the sidingloop ‘shall bo as per Drawing No, ETI/OHE/G/02161 Sheet -2, The 28 KV Isolators for the OHE viz, olators (C) snulches across Insulatect joints on rails viz leolaty ihe equipotentialiink () shail be so Interlockee i Nd Closing cre as Indieaied below: ) and (D) and the isolating, ing switches (A) and (8) and hat thelr sequence of ogening 9)'For traction purposes 1. The eaulpotential tink () between the tack Of petroleum siding/, '80P Gnd petroleum installations shall bo kept ‘open. 2. The 26 kV Isolators (c) and (0) as well as th @ Isolating switches (A) ‘ond (8) across the insulate, Joints on rail shall be kept closed, ©) For loading/unioading of petroleum product after wagon Is placed In the zone Indicated 1. The 28 kV lsolate, (0) shall be opened tist with its key. The key feleased trom the Isolator (0) shall be -used te open isolator (C) {he KSy released trom 2 KV Isolator (C) shal be used to open ‘koloting switch @). The kay released on opening Isolating switch (®) shall be used fo open Isolating switch tay, 3. With the key released trom the isolatin, 1g switch (A) when opened the eqalpotential link (L) shall be closed and locked, 4, Thereatier the loa ‘ding/unioading of the petroleum product may commence, 138 DAnaan g a uaud 2 PON290N DODO O 9 Be MS % dp us n dou aca Le aan ab ——_— eLS/US/BHO/ILS | | | enooov 3aL RYGOANODDY GE WOE Wy 5837 LON 36 THYHS 0. 2HVISIO 3HL “37gISvas SV “ve NOWIVUL BO HLUY2 NY 39 TWHS (¥L4} 3X0 JO NCLLYNIWY3L 3X14 ONIAVH ASWH NOLLIVUL FHL “In0-NUNL 30 3201S BIH ioe ch anowent 3 owoQTDNE NOU IWS IIIETS aos OaSM ANTS "194 1 : See a enlondioNOT O3GIAOwa we TVW CHOB VY 2H 7 Saas suava ta on O91930N09 38 TIYHS DAIS O42 OY30VOE 40 YE NOLLIYYL 3AL : vise novcoved 15V OL UUYBN 34 TIVKS 11 1N@ 3HOZ_SNOWoTN “sve ao or urna | aa PILE 0) €3GNOE + weno Fare eae ee ey oe tat aaa) 231 99 Tvs: ous Ne fan ; oa army Cena eS atvaasaauanoe gd ve i | oy30'VOd 40 Wd NOWIYUL LY 3NOZ ONIGYOINN/ NOVO! Zu ONS onan 1 SONST3T aaa —>3T0N 139 seix3 2HL MOUS avy CANA) MOL 32 TIVHS 1SYH NOUDYE ASYT 3L_S EESE gun sonuus num 4s¥H NOWDYEL a “svn NouDvaL Siu | ay yovas GSuUeNN SY G3oidoud 36 OL CUYOS meinen q i OnIcIS GNa GVad WNAIONLSd YOs HO (9°9 if - | RAST JO SINSNSONVERV ONTMOHS HOLSXS, 60 8 OF OG 10.0 0 O00 Of By odie HO OF GOH NOH OOO DH q © a (es 3 SOW oS ot 2c 6.cltohoo ec ze s < fe CHAPTER 14 NUMBERING OF OHE MASTS 3.14.1 Purpose. The actual site location of the rallway track all along the route hos so for been Gpproximately indicated by numbering of the telegraph posts. But with elect: fication the overhead communication line sunning parallel close to the frock are replace wilh underground screen cable. As for many purposes the overhead equipment site location has io be correctly known. particulaily for maintenance, Gnd also in accident/b1eakdown sifuallons, therefore, the overhead equipment masts have to be numbered to Indicate thelr position .e. kilometerage and the location within the kilometerage, of the route. The mast number is also used for identification of thé section of the overhead equipment and the fine to which It 7 belongs. There will nommally be 15 to 18 masts in a kilometer and each mast Is given a number in serio! order starting fom the kilometre post. The number is in two patts, the kilometre being shown above the line Gnd the mast serial number below the line. For exomple (70/1) indicates the first mast from kilometer post no 70 on the upline. In times of cccident if the first Rallway person reaching the spot reels out the numbers of masts uffected over the coniral line the overhead ‘equipment depot can arrange tu: *nd the correct relief material and avold much confusion/lime delay in restoratic: 3.14.2 Single tine section In singte line section where there is no chance of future doubling. numbering is done progressively in the direction «f increasing kllometerage, 1.6. 70/1, 70/2 etc. In case doubling Is expe sted in future, the system of numbering will be according to para 3.14.3 below. 3.14.3. Double tine section All fraction masts on the Up track are given odd numbers i. 75/1, 75/9.28/5 etc. ‘and masts on the Down track even numbers Le. 75/2. 75/4, 75/6 etc, land 2 are the serial number of the masts Immediately after every kilometre post. Numbering Is done progressively In the direction of increasing kliometerage as shown in Fig. if 3.14.1, Since the overhead equipment masts on Up and Down line are normally located : opposite each other, the mast numbers } & 2 wlll be in one line opposite each olher. Similarly mast numbers 3 & 4 will bo In one line and so on. In.cose the spans on the Up and Down tines are not equal ond the masts are not in one line, the masts are numbered In such a Way that the higher sorlal number does nol occur at a lowor kilometerage (see Fig. 3.14.1). rian beset ROTI: ia “cue omen PPE Gee emo eee 7 4% Gem PS 4S oA 2 7a 1 i ‘sf Nae pe ea CCC ST a a | : : vives | — in sup sos oorp bx ead I a yi fee | a | [| eed 3-H ED de) Og eee > ow : i km 78 7502 71 1818" i 75 7813 1518 1817 t vp. i on Tren Von 13t8 Ken 7513 7815 717 ue, ow F1G.3.16.1 ee et ae S i 3.144 Multiple section ee In multiple track sections, suffix “A” Is to be given to multiple track masts. For Instance, In the cose of section consisting of Up main, Down main, and Up slow and Down slow tracks, the stow track masts will be numbered 75/1A, 75/3A etc. for Up slow line and 75/24, 75/4A etc. for thé Down slow line. Uprights of Portals erected in multipte track sections must be numbered with reference to the main fine only Le. 75/1, 75/2 ete. gE 3.14.6 Individual masts Single cantilever and double cantilever most supporting overhead equipments: of tracks on elther side (Umbrella type) for loops and sidings shall bear the station code and the sertal number in one thousand (1000) serles. The station code Is to be given above the horlzontal line and the serlal number below It, Masts of Up. Loops and siding on Up tine.side Is given odd number 1001, 1003, 1005 ete. In order i of increasing chainage lirespective of the number of loops. The masts on the Down, i loops and sidings on the Down line side are'given even numbers 1002. 1004, 1006 : etc, Incase several independent cantilever masts for different loops are located: in the same chainage the loop mast nearest the main track beors the lowest : number in the serles (see Fig. 3.14.2), This system of numbering is appiled trom, ‘one end of the yard in the kilometerage of the starting point and progressively higher numbers are glven In the direction of Increasing choinage whether It Is Up of Down yard. the numberng does not Indicate the kilometre. oa Sore Oe eee 3.14.6 Portals In case of @ portal the uoriaht of the portal nearer! fo the mal track is givon & eee in 2020 somes, the other uDright of the pores given @ MINOT the 3000 aoe in cose of thiee log partaie the forlhest teg from ie moIn track is given a number in the ACCO somes. 2s aswell as the loops ticens respective of the Incase the portal is covering Up and Dawn ‘and sidings, the numbering sha: Ga +i for Hhe may fact that It, also covers the loops. : Incase aportolis covering Upmeiniine andanumbe || :pside secondary racks, the upiight which Is loccted necr the min fine cl 66 numbered with respect yee etin track. Other uprign: is given the scme nurnbet wilh Suffix "A's 2001-3001, 2003-3003 The uprights of portals in Up yard snall have odd number |e. 002-3002, 2004-3004 los ond the up-tights in the Down yard even numbers he. 2 ete, 3.14.7 Headspon Mast procedure for numbering the mast of a head spans the seme that for portals Getoiled in preceding paras except that the masts of Ihe head spans are given numbers in 5000, 6000, 7000 series. 3.14.8 Branch line masts ‘All masts on branch line taking off from ihe main : vena prefix letter indicative of the brancti line status of the-mest. tpacie Pradhankanlo- Pothardih which takes off from the main line ot Prac + is given In prettx otter “P" which Is Indicative of Pathardih viz 70/14 3.149 Alternative numbering Mast on loop/yard lines-can aiso be numbered with o lotterfword prefixed Indi- cating the nomencigiure «f the fine e.g. the mast numbsis of © {90065 ling in coeee gel sierien cio may be numbered asl. G2elc, below Mh ation code. hen ang.ng tat rund fing may be NUM: 12 S16 jhig method Gén be adopted * sub sequently. 3.14.10 Switching station’masts Masts at the switching station are numbered wlth the station code of the switching Motion for example KGP/1 means kharagpir switching station. mast No. |. 144 CHAPTER 15 NUMBERING OF EQUIPMENT 3.18.1 Generat {n order to identity the location of any equipment covering the overhead eauip- ment andswitching station a code for Identifying the type of equipment followed by @ serial number Is given, Ihe abbreviations used ore: AT: 25 kV/230V Auxtiary Transformer LT: Booster Transtormer BM: Infertupter tor main tine BS: Interupter for yard line 8X : Bus Coupler Interupter BC : Bus Coupler Isolotor CB: Circuit Breaker cl: Curent Transformer OP: Double Pole isolator LA: Ughtening Arestor PT: Potential transformer ‘SF Single Pole Isolator at switching station SP; Single Pole Isolator at substation i SM: Isolotor for main tine I $$; Isolator for secondary line/loop/yarc } TR: Power Transformer i 1 £ach power iranstormor. potential trunsformer,current transformor Is given a serial fuinber In g Railway starling orn OF excep! 28 kV clrcull breakers which will be done according to para 3.15.3. : 3.16.2. Extra High Voltage Circult Breakers EHV (220/110/66KV) circuit breakers are given Iwo digit numbers progressively i increasing in the direction of ineteasing klometerage starting from 01, For ex. i ‘ample. the fst high voltage clicult breaker is numbered as C5/01 ana subsequent it ones as C8/0?, CB/03, I il 9.15.3 25 KV Circuit Breakers 25 KV clicuit areokers are given three digit numbers -.odd numbers e.g. CB/101! CB/103, CB/i05 etc. for feeder Bretkers and even numbers CB/100. CB/102, CB/ 104 etc. for sansformer circuit breakers. ‘The serial number of transformor and circtit breczer ako follow geographical teqvence within a subsiation/teoding post, Lower ruber is given for the equipmont connected a lower kierneterage Gnd higher ember for the equisment connected to the higher kilemeterage. ruaigonemariebinstmeiRRMEEY souengpenstmmacinneronenneearmarensce or “ j 145 ooo 2 &-@,a5e 2 0.9/9 Sf SiS OF OSU ED OO 90 oe | aI : Vyteks Gy GAGS CSG 7 7 Co ee ee 9OF HOH AHH OOF Os SNON93S_A8VINSWSS ONY SINBWdINDS . | 30 ONINSEWAN SNIMOHS Wu: Vid TWoidAl \ ~ do ai hs ‘ ” ‘8 DAA Inteuuplors | \ ie Tre maintino 254Vinterrupivts ore numbered sortally. progressively increasing from is @ datum point on a raliwa? e.g. BM/O1, BM/02. BN1/03 cic. f os 3.15.5. Yerd intercuptors : Cy the, yard interruptors are numbered sertolly on a Railway 1.6. 85/01, 85/02, 85/03 C “2 plc. Where there are diferent yareis for Up and Down ditection, the interuptor i i ‘or Up yard Is given odd number and that for the Dn yaro ik given even number, 4 ue 3186 Ofer ecubmeni ; | be On @ Railway, other equipments are numbered setiay - umber increasing “sy progressively lrespective.of Up of Down tne, preferably according fo increasing - b kilometerage [ I 5 3.15.7 Numbering of elementary sections 9 Elementary section for main line Is given a number beg:nning with the serial [ b umber of interuptor which foeds It (ee Fig. 3.18.1), ) z b7 8 The first two/three cigils of the number for on elementary sectin Indicate the I i 34 Governing Interruptor and last two digits indicate the progressive serial numbers ) s 3 : This serial number for the Up line are odd numbers starting with 01 for example \> 301.3409 oe. end even numbes for Bown tne staring win 02 wenves oe0s, Sty 3504 ote, ; ‘4 ie Yord elementary section: The elementary section number of yard lines starts with ot 88 ihe number of the isolator coxtroling the feed of the line with a prefix. "X", For ¢ so example if on isolator having number 118 controls the feed of the lines of the ] feception yard ihe elementary section number of the line Is X118. : an interlocked isolator, numbering of the elementary section must correspond | to the isolator number which normally feeds the ling. | 3.158 Type of number plates i Tho number plates are provided in accordance with Dig. No. RE/39/P/760l. | coccocaokeoe coe ce SR Hees OOOO Uist of Inporlant Prowings issued by RDSO Gor detoltedintonn. N ‘Us! of Spoctlications and Lrawings for Equipments and Cw: Matotials For Railway Fleciic action * issued by ROSO may be referred 10.) i Gp Gonora! Avangement i “s one i ws eIvonie7@,00112 ETVOHE/S/04207 | £/ONLIG/00131 EW/OHE/G/04208 i? an evOnEZS 700702 EN/OHEPG/04211 Puyo seat 102 ENONE/G 049 12 Oa 1 igoou fe702 100 En1fO11F 76705101 ; Uuzestt.75702 106 ENON 1G (05102 i 1 /OHEsG702 108 EN/ONE/G/05 103 | TOWN TG /02 11 CIONEZG 05104 Huo 76702113 EMOHF/G/05 106 HIYVONEIS/O2116 EI/OHE/G/05 107 RE/OHE/G/02121 EN/OHE/G/05106 EN/OHE/G/02131 EN/OHE/G/05121 EM/OHE/G/02141 EN/OHE/G/05122 i ETVOHE/G/02151 EN OHE/G/05123 ' ETI/OHE/S/02161 ENM/OHE/G 05143 : FH/OHIEVG/03121 EN/OHE/G/05207 ; HI/OIEFE/03 151 EN/OHE/G/05306 c LAVONEIG/03 182 EIV/OMNL4/08307 i ET/OHEG/04201 EW/OHE/G/05413 ETI/OHE/G/04203 ENI/OHE/G/08: : Livni ¢G704204 EM/ONE/SK/375 i Ei/ONErG/04205 ENN/OHE/SK/530 E/OHE/SK/578 . Psi etvPsiyvooa enyesyo212 ET1/PSY/008 ENy/Psi036 E117PS1/008 E1/PS1/702-4 Liyvsyor | HIyesi(7041 Enyesyoz2 Assemably/Component a One E1ivOHiE7P/ 1400 EN/OHE/P/$500-1 ENVONEIP/14 10 EN/OHE/P76100 EN/OUIL P7300 EIVOHE/P/7501 EH/OHE/P/5300 wit one {usc po026 e1ycyo076 FIVICISKI191 Cr nen i bac 70064 ee roe er enoeoe nt

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