HISTORY OF

TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY

LESSON 2
 Describe the history of the tourism and hospitality
Describe industry

Explain the origin of tourism and hospitality in the

Explain
Learning
Philippines

Objectives
Identify Identify the International Travel patterns

Describe the factors that favor the growth of

Describe tourism and hospitality
History of the
Tourism Industry
• Man has traveled since the
earliest times
• The term Tourism was used
only in the 19th Century
• Tourism derived from the
Hebrew word "Torah" which
means:
- Studying
- learning
- Searching
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY.
Early tourism has
2 forms:
• Business Purposes
- To trade with other
nations and tribes
- Exchange of goods

• Religious Travel
- Pilgrimage to places
of worship
 TOURISM IN THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
15th Century

• Derived from the word " Travail"

• Decline of the Roman Empire
• Roads were not maintained and
unsafe to travel
• Thieves inflicted harm for those
who dare to travel.
• No one traveled for pleasure
purposes.
• Crusaders and pilgrims were the
only ones who traveled.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

TOURISM DURING THE
RENAISSANCE ERA (16th Cen.)
• Travel for education was
introduced largely by the British
• France and Italy is open for travel
to enjoy cultures and social life in
Europe.
• Medicinal Bath was introduced.
The term "Spa" is derived from
the Walloon
word "espa" meaning fountain.
• Travelers immersed themselves
in the healing water.
• Spa resorts and hotels was
introduced.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
TOURISM DURING THE
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• Technological changes brought
about major changes in the scale
and type of tourism development
• Growing urbanization and regular
employment gave more people the
motivation to travel
• People escape and visit countryside
or seashore for their holidays.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

 MODERN TOURISM
(19th Century)
Two technological developments in
the early part of the 19th century
had great effect on the growth of
Tourism

1. Introduction of the railway

2. Development of Steam power.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

• RAILROADS
Provide cheap Transportaion

• During these time competition of some hotels, resort and

entertainment facilities started.

• The use of steam power provided to increase mobility

needed by the tourism business.

• Reliable and inexpensive transportation that led to the

popular day trip cruises.
• In the 19th Century, the
organization of travel became an
establish institution.
• Thomas Cook, the most famous
and the first travel organizer .
• His first excursion train trip was
between Leicester and
Loughborough in 1841 with 570
passengers.
• Before 19th Century, Photography
and Guidebooks became popular.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

 TOURISM IN THE 20TH CENTURY
• Pleasure travel continued to expand
• International travel was boosted
• Mass Communication and use of
print media like brochures and press
widened the knowledge and interest
to travel.
• After WW1 - forms of travel began to
change radically.
• Railways declined and
motorized vehicle became popular.
• Progress in Aircraft technology
• After the post war recovery years,
private car ownership became popular
because it provide flexible
transportation.
• Growth of excursion and short
stay holidays
• Road improvements and flexible
package became accessible to
different people.
• Business and incentive travels
worldwide became famous.
HISTORY OF THE
HOSPITALITY
INDUSTRY
ANCIENT PERIOD
• The recorded history of the Hospitality Industry began with
the Sumerians. They are the group of people who live in
Mesopotamia near the Persian Gulf at about 4,000BC

• Sumerians are skilled farmers and cattle breeders.

• They invented money and writing as means to record and
settle their business transactions
• The Hospitality Industry
began with the Sumerians
5,000 years ago

• In 2000 BC – Early traders set

up the "Caravanserai" and
provide foods and shelter to
travelers. These are the early
examples of Inns.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC.

EMPIRE: 3200 BC – 476 AD

3 SIGNIFICANT EMPIRES

1. Egyptian Empire – 3,200 BC

2. Greek Empire 1100 BC
3. Roman Empire 146BC

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

 Egyptian Empire
• Their government rules by a Pharaoh,
the Egyptian term of King.
• The famous pyramids or tombs for
the pharaohs
became tourist attractions and many
people traveled to
attend religious festivals.
• The ancient Egyptians were the first to
see that food service and lodging
should be provided to travelers.
• Egyptians were the first to begin the
activity we now call tourism and
hospitality. This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
 GREEK EMPIRE
• Ancient Greek Civilization
began to develop about
1100BC
• Their land and sea travels
made them dominant in the
Mediterranean region.
• Because of the increase of
travel, some form of overnight
accommodation became
necessity.
• Inns and tavern are common
in ancient Greece.
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC.
 ROMAN EMPIRE
• Rome had conquered most of
Western Europe and Middle East,
Inns and taverns were established
throughout the empire.
• Romans are the one who
established elaborate inns along
the main road for officials of the
Roman Government.
• Marco Polo describe these inns as
"fit fo a king"
• In ancient Persia,
large caravans carried elaborate
tents that were used along caravan
routes.
MEDIEVAL PERIOD
DARK AGES
• Fall of Roman Empire in 476 AD –
Innkeeping almost disappeared
except local taverns
• During these this period, Roman
Catholic church took over the job
of feeding and housing travelers.
They used the monastaries of the
church.
• Travelers are not obligated to
pay. Only those can afford will
give donations.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

 RENAISSANCE : 1350 – 1600 AD
• During the Renaissance, there
were no restaurants or dining
establishments.
• Only the upper class is
allowed to celebrate or
dined and entertained at
home with certain rules to
be observed or table manners.
Such manners includes: No
using of fingers when eating
because of unpleasant and
annoying behavior.

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.

 EARLY MODERN PERIOD
(1600 AD – 1800AD)
• Menu was introduced in England.
• Coffee and tea began to influence the culinary
habits of Western Europe.
• The first English Coffee House was in St.
Michaels Alley in London, built in 1652.
• Other development of this period include an
increase of Inns, with application of English
common law to the hospitality industry.
• English common law forms the basis of US
Law.
• Another type of food service
establishment which developed in
France was a Café. The French word for
Coffee. This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
 INDUSTRIAL ERA (1800)
• Development of railroads –
Inns, tavern, restaurants and
hotels opened near railroad
stations.

Pioneered hotel built near

railroad stations are:
St. Pancras Hotel in London
Queens Hotel in Birmingham
St. Enoch's Hotel in Glasgow
The Station Hotel in Perth
Commodore Hotel in New York
City
 MODERN PERIOD
(19th Century)
• London – Excellent guest accommodation and
superior foods introduced.
• Delomonico - Was the only expensive and
aristocratic restaurant in the United States. It
served Swiss – Frech Cuisine and it became the
Center of American Gastronomy or the Art of
Good Eating.

• More innovations in the hospitality occurred in

the 19th Century, such as: custome of dining
out, better methods of serving foods, and more
establishments open for ice cream parlor. This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
PIONEERS IN THE
TOURISM AND
HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY
Outstanding Individuals who
have contribution to the
growth of the Tourism and
Hospitality Industry
1. Cesar Ritz
2. Ellsworth Milton Statler
3. Conrad Hilton
4. Thomas Cook
5. Howard Dearing Johnson
6. J. Willard Marriott
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA.
References:
Cruz, Zenaida Lanzangan: (2018), Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality, (1st edition) Manila,
Philippines

Prepared by:

Mr. Barnard Maraon