1

Community As Partner Project:

Christine Anaya, Isabel Annett, Alize Bowman, Tobias Edelstein, Jing Lu

College of Nursing, University of Arizona

NURS: 473: Population Health and Community Nursing

Professor McGuckin

September 27th, 2022

 2

Abstract

Throughout the semester, we developed a plan to combat the opioid overdose issue

through educating on Narcan usage. We used the community as a partner model to gather data

and develop a plan that would work for our specific community. First, we performed a

Windshield survey by driving through the community. We spoke with key informants and used

technology to gather data about the demographics of the community as well as the strengths and

weaknesses. From this data we determined that drug use and overdose was a key issue in the CT.

Our focused population was people aged 25-40 in the Flowing Wells community. We visited

CODAC, a sobriety resource center, and learned about the services they offer. Then, we created

a poster and educational handout describing the signs of opiate overdose, what opiates are, and

how to use Narcan. We presented our educational materials to a convenience sample at the

Flowing Wells Library. Most people were cautious to accept a Narcan kit and unwilling to

engage. We concluded this may be due to fear/denial of overdose as well as fear of being

responsible for saving someone’s life. Our presentation may have been more successful in a

setting with more people who use opiates, such as at a bus stop or at a sobriety center.
 3

Community Survey

CT 45.06

Pima County
Pima County Health Census Tract
Closest PCHD office
Department - North Office # 45.06, 85705
name and address
3550 N 1st Ave, Tucson AZ and Zip
Code(s)
Dates of
Deb Agriesto RN, PHN
Assigned PHN windshield 8/30
deb.agriesto@pima.gov
survey
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
CT boundaries
North Rillito River Rd East N. La Cholla Blvd.
South W. Ruthrauff Rd West I-10
Housing (Units and Occupancy) Environment
Units in Approx. #
County* CT County* CT Approx. #
Structure Make comments
% % % % Make comments below
(Census)* below
Vacant/
Occupied
89% 93% Single unit 67% 19% boarded up Vacant lots? 2
units 2
structures?
Ownershi
~80
p of Trash/ Abandoned 17
64% 82% Multi-unit 22% 0% bags
Occupied rubble? worth cars?
units
Median
value of
$199,40 $41,30 Mobile New
owner- 10% 78% 1 Graffiti? 2
0 0 home construction?
occupied
unit ($)
Boat, RV, 0% 3% CT Size (sq. People per
 4

Van miles) 1.3 sq. mile 4,634.5

Census Reporter. (2020). Profile for Census Tract 45.06 Pima,
* County= Pima County
AZ. (https://censusreporter.org/profiles/14000US04019004506-
census-tract-4506-pima-az/)
Comments from
above and additional -Noise: Mostly quiet, however there are heavier traffic sounds near I10.
comments (e.g., -Smells: Smelled slightly dusty from the construction.
noise, smells, privacy, -Privacy: Mobile homes were very close together, but some had a metal fence. Many
light, gardens, trees, homes had barred windows.
plants vs. concrete, -Lights: No neighborhood street lights except in the parks.
group homes/student -Roads: Rocks, sand, trees, bushes, dirt paved roads
housing major -Plants: A couple houses had a small front yard garden. Big shrubbery and small trees
community assets. throughout the yard. Large empty lots near the north border.
-Homes: Many of the mobile homes had one boarded or broken window. As we got more
north, the homes appeared newer and seemed to be in better shape. Holes in the walls
with degrading wood of some homes.
-Graffiti: Were mostly tags, one was found on the elementary school.
-Trash: There was trash on at least a third of the front yards and street corners/sidewalks
in our CT. As a result, we would say about 80 bags of trash. Inadequate trash removal
because they are located out of the city, thus they would need to pay for trash.

COMMUNITY CORE
Demographic U.S. Census data (%)
Total population of Pima County 1,047,279 Total Population of CT 6,239
Age
Count CT groups County CT Languages spoken County CT
Race & Ethnicity
y% % (years) % % at home % %
*
White (non- English only
51% 42% 0-9 11% 11% 74% 57%
Hispanic) (5-17)
African American or
3% 0% 10-19 13% 23% English only (18+) 72% 61%
Black
Native 2% 1% 60-69 13% 9% Spanish (5-17) 22% 41%
70+
Asian 3% 0% 14% 6% Spanish (18+) 22% 34%
(add)
Median Foreign Born (total
Hispanic (of any race) 38% 56% 38.7 31.4 12.5% 18.1%
Age %)
Include source of
data: Census Census Reporter. (2020). Profile for Census Tract 45.06 Pima, AZ.
document title and (https://censusreporter.org/profiles/14000US04019004506-census-tract-4506-pima-az/)
data year(s).
Culture and Ethnicity
Ethnic food stores None
Ethnic restaurants None
Signage in other None
languages
Places of worship Tree of Life Tucson
(formal name, - 2926 W Curtis Rd., Tucson, AZ, 85705
address, - Baptist Faith
 5

denomination, and - Community Service: Only a community food drive was stated on the website
community however, they state they value community service.
services) - Service is in-person and is streamed on Facebook.
- https://www.tlcoftucson.com/what-s-happening

Art/sculpture None seen within CT

Cultural dress None seen within CT
HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICES
Resources (formal name, location, brief list of services and source website link).
Nearest hospital Northwest Medical Center: Slightly out of CT in the North-East region
open to the general - 6200 N La Cholla Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85741
public - Emergency services, accredited chest pain, heart failure programs, neurology,
neurosurgery, outpatient imaging, surgical weight loss, joint program, stroke
center, robotic surgery, GI lab, Cath lab, women’s center, inpatient rehabilitation,
wound care.
- https://www.healthiertucson.com/?
utm_campaign=gmb&utm_medium=organic&utm_source=local
Long Term Care and Northwest Alano Club: Slightly out of CT in the North-East region
Rehab Facilities - 3120 W Curtis Rd, Tucson, AZ 85705
(SNF, Assisted Living, - This is a recovery organization that offers meetings and events for the public
Independent Living) such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Narcotics Anonymous (NA) meetings.
- https://www.nwactucson.org
Homeless shelters None within CT
Half-way houses None within CT
(drug treatment or
post-prison or jail)
Urgent Care Concentra Urgent Care: Outside of CT
- 2005 W Ruthrauff Rd Ste 111, Tucson, AZ 85705
- Offers urgent care as well as drug screening, biometric testing, physical exams,
physical therapy, screenings, injury care, and more
- Open 8am-5pm M-F
- https://www.concentra.com/urgent-care-centers/arizona/tucson/tucson-north-
ruthrauff-urgent-care/#nearbylocations_g=32.29431|-
111.0101&nearbylocations_o=DistanceMi%2CAscending
Pharmacies (note if Walmart Pharmacy: Outside of CT to South-East
there is a clinic) - 2175 W Ruthrauff Rd, Tucson, AZ 85705
- Walmart contains a supermarket as well as a full pharmacy that offers Covid-19
testing and some vaccines
- https://www.walmart.com/store/4473-tucson-az/pharmacy
Dispose-A-Med None within CT
site(s)
Medical/Dental None within CT
offices/clinics
Integrative care None within CT
modalities (yoga,
energy therapies,
massage etc.)
Mental health Wellspring Counseling Services
Agencies -2470 W Ruthrauff Rd. Suite 130
 6

- Provides mental and behavioral health treatment services

-Helps provide counseling services through evidence-based practice
http://wscounseling.org/

Social Service Moose Lodge

Agencies - 2660 W Ruthrauff Rd, Tucson, AZ 85705
- Non-profit organization that offers many services to the community including care
for children and teens, social events, and a food bank.
- https://www.mooseintl.org/location/2543-northwest-tucson/

Thriving
- 2470 Ruthrauff Rd Suites 130-160, Tucson, AZ 85705
- Nonprofit 501(c)3 organization that has education programs, ministry services,
support, and health and wellness programs/services.
- https://thethriving.org/who-we-are
Nearest Covid-19 Walmart Pharmacy: Outside of CT to South-East
testing sites - 2175 W Ruthrauff Rd, Tucson, AZ 85705
- Walmart contains a supermarket as well as a full pharmacy that offers Covid-19
testing and some vaccines
- https://www.walmart.com/store/4473-tucson-az/pharmacy
Food bank/pantry Moose Lodge has a food bank service (See Social Service Agencies section)
Thriving has community food giveaways (See Social Service Agencies section)
Other health/social Thriving, a non-profit organization, offers health and wellness programs. They offer mental,
service providers medical, and nutritional help. (See Social Service Agencies section)
EDUCATION
Educational Attainment
County CT County CT
High school % % Bachelor’s degree % %
graduate or higher 71.8 or higher
89% 33.6% 8%
%
Census Reporter. (2020). Profile for Census Tract 45.06 Pima, AZ.
(https://censusreporter.org/profiles/14000US04019004506-census-tract-4506-pima-az/)
Educational Resources
Formal name, location, brief description of services, source website link.
Childcare/ preschool Laguna Head Start Child Care Center
centers - 5001 North Shannon Rd., Tucson, AZ 85705
- Helps promote school readiness for children aged 3-5 from families with low
income, with a maximum capacity of 57. Enrollment is based on age and income.
- https://www.headstartprogram.us/program/laguna

Children's Learning Adventure: Outside CT

- 2190 W River Rd, Tucson, AZ 85741
- Provides hands on learning using a systematic approach. Infant program for 6
weeks to 12 months that is designed to stimulate infants. Toddler program for 1–
2-year-olds to help count and formulate sentences. Preschool program for 3-
year-olds. Pre-Kindergarten Program for 4-year-olds that focuses on preparing
for kindergarten. An after-school program for students 5–12-year-olds.
- https://www.childrenslearningadventure.com/
 7

Public School Flowing Wells Unified:

District(s) - Flowing Wells United School District serves primarily Flowing Wells, as well as
part of northern Tucson, Marana, and Casa Adobes. The district is open
enrollment. Around 6,000 students are served in 10 different schools ranging
from early childhood learning to high schools.
- https://www.flowingwellsschools.org/

Schools inside CT. Laguna Elementary School

Identify as public,
private, or charter.
- 5001 North Shannon Rd., Tucson, AZ 85705
- A title I K-6 school within the Flowing Wells School District with an average class
ratio of 19:1. Some student opportunities include fine arts, physical education, a
library, a center for academically trained students, an extended school day and
student council.
- https://laguna.flowingwellsschools.org/

Carden of Tucson, Charter School

- 5260 N Royal Palm Dr., Tucson AZ 85705
- A charter school that provides education for students K-8th grade. They focus on
small class sizes to foster a family-type environment.
- https://cardenoftucson.org/about/carden-curricular-philosophy-vision/

The public school Flowing Wells High School; Just outside CT

district elementary,
middle, and high
schools where
children in a particular
census tract are
assigned to attend
(called attendance
zones by many Sentinel Peak High School; Just outside CT
school districts).
- 3725 N Flowing Wells Rd, Tucson, AZ 85705
- Serve a diverse population of 2,000 9th to 12th graders, offering fine arts and
sports programs. There is a 100% initiative that is a goal for students engage in a
post-secondary educational experience, including college, trade schools, the
military, and apprenticeships after graduation.
- https://fwhs.flowingwellsschools.org/the_cab_way/100__initiative
- 4125 N Aerie Dr, Tucson, AZ 85741
- An alternative 9th to 12th grade high school within the Flowing Wells District that
provides a rigorous and individualized educational program. Offers after school
study hall and Saturday school.
- https://sentinelpeak.flowingwellsschools.org/the_scorpion_way/our_story

Laguna Elementary School 5001 N Shannon Rd.

- 5001 N Shannon Rd
- A title I K-6 school within the Flowing Wells School District with an average class
ratio of 19:1. Some student opportunities include fine arts, physical education, a
library, a center for academically trained students, an extended school day and
student council.
- https://laguna.flowingwellsschools.org/

Flowing Wells Junior High School

- 4545 N La Cholla Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85705
- A title I 7-8th grade school within the Flowing Wells School District. Similar to
elementary school, their average class ratio is 19:1. Within this school, they offer
13 sports teams, performing arts, visual arts, physical education, a library, and a
 8

student council.
- https://fwjh.flowingwellsschools.org/home

Public Library in or Nearest Library to CT is Flowing Wells Library, 1730 W Wetmore Rd, Tucson, AZ 85705
nearest to CT - Provides public events, books, public computers, study rooms, Wi-Fi, and printing
services
- https://www.library.pima.gov/locations/flw/

Other (including any - Thriving Non-Profit offers educational resources (See Social Service Agencies
educational resources section)
that remain closed or
out of business)
RECREATION
Formal name, location, brief description of services, source website link.
Neighborhood centers Flowing Wells Community Center -
and hours - 1660 W Ruthrauff Rd, Tucson, AZ 85705
- Senior lunches and Health programs, Recreational arts and crafts classes, Youth
programs.
- Hours: 10AM-6PM (Monday-Friday), Closed Saturday/Sunday
- https://webcms.pima.gov/cms/One.aspx?pageId=3696
Recreation Power and Exercise Fitness Center, LLC
centers/gyms and - 2480 W Ruthrauff Rd #110, Tucson, AZ 85705
hours - Gym with a variety of equipment as well as trained fitness professionals and
exercise therapists
- 4 AM-11 PM (Monday-Friday), 4 AM- 9 PM (Saturday/Sunday)
- https://www.facebook.com/powerandexcerisefitnesscenter/

Sporting Chance Center

- 2100 W Curtis Rd, Tucson, AZ 85705.
- Hub for basketball and volleyball
- Hosts practices and tournaments for players from inside and outside the
community
- 11 AM-9PM (Monday-Sunday)
- https://sportingchancecenter.org
Flowing Wells Park
- 5510 N Shannon Rd.
- Jungle gym, 4 basketball hoops, swings, volleyball court, grassy area
Parks/trails/green - https://webcms.pima.gov/cms/One.aspx?pageId=1407
spaces (include Curtis Park
amenities) - 2110 W Curtis Rd.
- Grass field with a baseball pitch and full playground
- Building with bathrooms, concessions
- https://webcms.pima.gov/cms/One.aspx?pageId=1387
Kory Laos Memorial Freestyle BMX Park
Other (including - Located by Flowing Wells Park
closed resources) - BMX park with ramps and features for beginners to experts
- https://www.facebook.com/KoryLaosBikePark/
SAFETY AND TRANSPORTATION
Public Safety: city Pima County Sheriff Dept
police department, -1750 E Benson Hwy
 9

tribal police, and/or

county sheriff
Northwest Fire District contains the Flowing Wells Fire Station 331
Fire District(s) and - 4701 North La Cholla Blvd Tucson, AZ 85705
Station #(s) covering - This station is slightly south of our CT range located on the Southern portion of
CT Ruthrauff and La Cholla.
- https://nwfdaz.gov/stations/station-331/
Distance from middle About 1.4 miles or 3 minutes
of CT to fire station
Security guards No security guards seen, although during night hours this may be different in some of the
shopping plazas.
Neighborhood watch in two of the three mobile home parks seen
Neighborhood
Watch?
Evidence of Bullet holes in a mobile home, broken windows of homes, broken car windows that has
gang/criminal plastic to replace the window
activity/drug use
Violent Crime Rates: (Per 1,000 residents in CT)
● Assault: 5.02 (.05%)
● Robbery: 0.89 (.008%)
● Rape: 0.57 (.006%)
● Murder: 0.02 (.0002%)
Property Crime Rates: (Per 1,000)
● Theft: 19.27 (2%)
● Vehicle Theft: 3.09 (.03%)
Significant crime
● Burglary: 8.0 (.08%)
statistics if available
● Arson: 0.26 (.002%)
(include # and time
Other Crime Rates: (Per 1,000)
frame, source(s) of
● Kidnapping: 0.5 (.005%)
data, i.e. web sites)
● Drug Crime: 9.08 (.09%)
● Vandalism: 13.71 (1.3%)
● Identity Theft: 0.8 (.008%)
● Animal Cruelty: 0.01 (.0001%)
60/1,000 (about 6%) people within the CT will witness/commit/be the victim of a crime
yearly.
https://crimegrade.org/safest-places-in-85705/

Registered sex 11 sex offenders as of 8/30/22 (1.3%) (https://www.city-data.com/so/so-Tucson-

offenders (# as m/d/y, Arizona.html)
include source(s) of
data, i.e. web sites
Bus stops (approx. # About 10 bus stops
and general location -Davis/Curtis
in CT; no need to list -Curtis/Plane
them all) -Davis/Diamond
-Kain/Kimberly pl
-Kain/ C Comodo
-Ruthrauff/Maryvale
-Ruthrauff/Plane
-Ruthrauff/ Kain (x2, one on each side)
 10

-Ruthrauff/ La Cholla

Designated bicycle
Yes, near the northern border around River Rd (The Rillito River bike path).
paths
Mostly parked on the side of the roads near their homes. There was public parking in
business plazas, but you cannot park overnight. The two parks had parking but were not
Parking (availability)
allowed to park overnight.

No sidewalks in any of the mobile home communities. A couple were found in major
Sidewalks roads such as Shannon and River, many were cracked. In newer communities,
sidewalks were found and in good conditions.
- Speed bumps
- Roundabouts
Street conditions
- Potholes
include speed bumps,
- Grass and shrubs overgrown and spilling onto streets
roundabouts, etc.
- Dirt spilling onto sides of roads
- Some streets had clean-cut grass and well-kept sidewalks
- Potholes
Road hazards - Dirt on roads
- Lines/paint fading in some spots
Night lighting
None in neighborhoods
(optional)
Other risks (i.e.
dangerous
- Not that many crosswalks near the elementary school.
intersections) or
- Uneven roads, tractors driving on main roads, dangerous roundabouts
resources
(grocery stores,
pharmacies, etc.)
ECONOMICS
Businesses inside Census Tract (enter approx. #)
Bars 1 Convenience 3 Laundry/dry 0 Neighborhood market 1
cleaners
Restaurants 2 Discount store 1 Liquor stores 1 Post office/UPS 1
Check cashing 0 Fast food 2 Malls (describe): 0 Supermarket 2
Banks 1 Gas station 3 Thrift/resale store 0
Farmer's market 0 Community Garden 0 Health1/organic food 0
stores
Other businesses. - Insurance Company
Use generic name - Plumbing store
only - Dispensary
- RV Sales
- Pest Control
- Restaurant supply
- Hardware store
- Coffee shop
- Storage
- Management company
- Fitness center
- Heating and cooling
- Carpet cleaning
 11

- Optical metrology
- Well service
- Tattoo shop
- Urgent Care just outside of CT in the South-East area.
- Fast food restaurants right outside of CT
- Supermarkets, just outside of the CT, one of these stars has a pharmacy
- Bank just outside of the CT
- There were two shopping plazas just outside of the CT
- One shopping center was North-East and the other was North-West.
Temporarily or - A couple business buildings open for lease in Ruthrauff commerce center
permanently closed
businesses/empty
storefronts
U. S. Census Data (% or $) County (% or $) CT (% or $)
Per Capita Income ($) $30,747 $17,693
Median Household Income ($) $55,023 $32,171
Persons below poverty line: 15.9% 23.4%
Children (under 18) (%) 22% 27%
Seniors (65 and over) (%) 9% 11%
Moved since previous year (%) 19.2% 18.6%
*Include source of data: Census Reporter. (2020). Profile for Census Tract 45.06 Pima, AZ.
Census document title and
(https://censusreporter.org/profiles/14000US04019004506-census-tract-4506-
data year(s).
pima-az/)
POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT
Names of neighborhoods or - Diamond Grove
subdivisions - Acacia Gardens Mobile Home Park
- La Colonia Mobile Home Park
- Shannon Tree Mobile Home Park
How are neighborhood names - Names displayed on large signs built out of stone and/or wood at the
displayed? entrance of neighborhoods
Geopolitical Boundaries and Government Elected Officials* (include sources of data) Use Pima Maps for
Geopolitical Boundaries only. Do not use Pima Maps for Elected Officials.
Is CT inside or outside Our CT is outside the Tucson city limits, (PimaMaps.gov)
city/town limits?
CT City ward(s) and council No ward designated
member(s) with political party
designation
CT County district(s) and CT County District 3 -
supervisor(s) with political Supervisor: Sharon Bronson (D)
party designation https://webcms.pima.gov/cms/One.aspx?portalId=169&pageId=8132
CT state legislative district(s) Our CT is District 9 for Legislative
and legislators (1 senator and Senator: Victoria Steele (Democrat)
2 representatives) with political 2 Representatives:
party designation Christopher Mathis (D)
Pamela Powers Hannley (D)
https://www.azleg.gov/MemberRoster/?body=H
CT US Congressional Our CT is District 7 for Congressional
District(s) and 2 Senators:
representative(s) with political Mark Kelly (Democratic)
 12

party designation Kyrsten Sinema (Democratic)

Signs of political activity
Other data/comments
Newspapers/Newsletters/
Flyers
Payphones
Billboards/bulletin boards
(include main
purpose/message)
Free Internet/Wi-Fi
access/locations
Other data/comments
1 Representative:
Ruben Gallego (Democratic)
https://www.congress.gov/members?q=%7B%22member-state%22%3A
%22Arizona%22%2C%22congress%22%3A%22117%22%7D
No political signs noted in yards or on public buildings.
None
COMMUNICATION
None seen during drive
None seen during drive
The UofA billboard stated, “go cats.” Purpose was to promote the UofA
Free internet at Dunkin Coffee shop to the north of the border on River Rd.
Free internet at McDonalds on W River Road (just outside CT)
Free internet at Flowing Wells Library (outside CT)
- “Don’t drive impaired” sign
- Traffic signs present such as “dead end” and “stop” signs
- Certain mobile homes had denoted signs that stated they were under
neighborhood watch
- Sign noting the park and depicting the hours
- Signs in the neighborhood pointing the direction towards the park of
Flowing Wells

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

- Not many people seen outside or in the business sector

- One person was at Flowing Wells Park, otherwise the parks were vacant
- One individual was riding a bike and there was a couple on a walk.
- In one of the neighborhoods near Ruthrauff and La Cholla, there was an individual, watering his
expensive garden in his fenced in front yard outside his mobile home.
- Mix of well-kept and poor kept cars. Some of the cars were brand new and some were older, despite the
lower community houses.
- Lack of healthy food options
- Trash accumulated in yards (outside of Tucson city limits and no city-provided trash removal)

Key Informant Interview Records (for each team member)
Alize Bowman
Interviewee #1
Generic Title: School Director
Sub-system(s) Addressed: Education
Interview Questions:
1) Do children have easy access to healthy lunch
options in your school and are there many health
concerns among the children that attend?
2) With the children in the school, are most of them
from the nearby community and what are the
demographics of the children?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) School is working on getting lunches funded. He
said they are listed under charter so they have less
regulations, but it can be harder to get supplies they
need such as the lunches. Also, they have a smaller
population of students with a diverse background, but
mostly Hispanic or White, with about 60 students
enrolled in all ages. The number is decreasing due to
more charter schools in the area outside of our CT.
2) Families are very caring and build relationships;
however, parents are very hands off with kids. He felt
that parents do not take the time to work on skills
with the children.
3) There are a lot of homeless and drug users
around the school area. School is working on getting
Narcan and AEDs. Teachers are all recently certified
in CPR.
13
Interviewee #2
Generic Title: Park visitor
Sub-system(s) Addressed: Recreation
Interview Questions:
1) Within your experience in this community, what
would you say is your major concern with the
neighborhood?
2) Are there any major health concerns that you
experience within your community such as lack of
health or food resources?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) There are a lot of drug addicts and homeless
individuals passing through the community. He
stated it was better when there was a neighborhood
watch; however, the sheriff’s department asked them
to stop the program, which contributed to the drug
addicts coming back to the neighborhood
2) No concern over violence or safety as the sheriff
patrol often and most people in the housing
community have armed weapons to protect
themselves. Happy they built the park in the area and
not large apartments as he enjoys the view of
mountains. Lots of children play in the park, not too
loud
3) Does not have any health concerns as he utilizes
the northwest medical center for any health-related
needs and can go to grocery stores, one's located
right outside our CT, for food.

Christine Anaya
Interviewee #1
Generic Title: Massage Therapist
Sub-system(s)Addressed: Recreation/Health
Interview Questions:
1) What major concerns/problems do you have
affecting health in the community and why?
2) Have you personally experienced any challenges
within your job/community and how did you
overcome this?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) One major concern this massage therapist said
she had was mental health issues among youth and
access to mental health resources.
2) She also mentioned one of her biggest challenges
upon being a massage “therapist” is that some
people use her as their own mental health therapist
to talk to during the sessions. She said she doesn’t
mind listening to their struggles, but she wishes there
were more resources available in the community for
youth to access that are approachable, safe, and
welcoming.
3) She suggested creating advertising, affordable
group therapy, or a convention that people can
congregate to seek mental health advice and
treatment.
14
Interviewee #2
Generic Title: Medical Clinic Front Desk
Sub-system(s) Addressed: Health
Interview Questions:
1) What major concerns/problems do you have
affecting health in the community and why?
2) What can public health nurses specifically do for
the community to improve weaknesses?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) One major concern mentioned is that many clients
have to be referred to other specialties at further and
more expensive sites because they don’t have the
staff or resources to address those health specific
issues.
2) It can be very hard to interact/help patients who
can’t afford these specialties that could potentially be
lifesaving.
3) Education and prevention of health issues in the
community such as diabetes information could be
helpful as well as educating on the importance of
follow up appointments.

Isabel Annett
Interviewee #1
Generic Title: Urgent Care Physician
Sub-system(s) Addressed: Health and Social
Services
Interview Questions:
1) What is the biggest barrier to care that you see in
your practice?
2) What can be done to improve the health of the
community? Any programs or services?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) A lot of people are unable to get the healthcare
that they need because they come to an emergency
center and don’t have insurance. People especially
can’t afford to see specialists who are often more
expensive.
2) Kids below the poverty line coming into urgent
care is the hardest thing for the physician to see
because they are often uninsured, and the parents
don’t have the means or resources to get them the
care they need. They don’t know what is available to
them.
3) Something the physician thinks would be helpful
for the community to receive adequate healthcare is
defining some sort of affordable emergency health
insurance. Maybe there could be an insurance policy
that covers one emergency visit and one PCP visit
per year. It would help a lot of people that wouldn’t
otherwise seek medical care.
15
Interviewee #2
Generic Title: Librarian
Sub-system(s) Addressed:
Recreation/Communication/Health and Social
Services
Interview Questions:
1) What major concerns/problems do you have
affecting health in the community and why?
2) What can public health nurses specifically do for
the community to improve weaknesses?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) A big issue in the community is drug use,
especially fentanyl. They have Narcan available here
in the library. Drug use and homelessness is
everywhere and there are not a lot of resources for
drug use or homelessness in the area. People might
have to go far on a bus or in a car to reach a shelter
or sobriety resource.
2) A lot of kids in the area don’t finish high school
because they either live in a home with dysfunctional
parents or the parents are just too busy trying to
make ends meet to be able to nurture and encourage
their kids through school. The community would
benefit from some sort of mentorship program for the
kids to have someone checking in and supporting
them.
3) There are a lot of resources for food in the
community, but the community lacks more
enrichment programs for kids. Something beneficial
would be to have kids encouraged to learn a new
skill around mentors. We have a STEM Day where
we teach some kids some coding computer
programs. Programs like this would really help kids
stay in school and boost their self-esteem.

Jing Lu
Interviewee #1
Generic Title: Church Member
Sub-system(s) Addressed: Social Services
Interview Questions:
1) What do you think the members of the community
are struggling the most with right now?
2) What kind of health concerns have you notice and
how has the church addressed them?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) The community has a lot of economic problems,
and more and more families are struggling, leading
to an increased in need of donated foods and
government-based health programs. He noted that
many members didn’t have the health care they
needed, and they didn’t know how to get it.
2) He stated he has seen a lot of drug addicts, but
the church doesn’t have the resources to help with
the issue. He didn’t know if there were nearby
resources to help.
3) The sheriff’s department makes him feel very
safe, and like there are always people that are
looking out for him. He believes that they respond
very fast.
Tobias Edelstein
Interviewee #1
16
Interviewee #2
Generic Title: Store Clark
Sub-system(s) Addressed: Physical
Environment/Economic
Interview Questions:
1) Are you from this community? (He said no). So
how does this community compared to your home
neighborhood?
2) Do you have any safety concerns about the area?
What about for your store specifically?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) He lives in the East side and said that he has
been working in the area for the past 5 years. He
said compared to where he lives, he sees more of a
homeless population but there are still many good
people.
2) Theft isn’t a huge problem for the shop, but he
stated that he thinks it’s more of a problem for larger
cooperation like the circle K across the street. Since
the store seems more family owned, people are
more respectful to the business. Even when people
try to steal, they are never violent and will just leave
once asked.
3) The shop mainly sells alcohol and most of their
client population is men and women between their
30s and 50s. The only complaints he had was that
sometimes drunk individuals would come in and yell,
but usually left pretty quickly.
Interviewee #2

Generic Title:
Walmart Pharmacist
Sub-system(s) Addressed:
Healthcare and social services, Economics, Politics
and Gov
Interview Questions:
1) What is your role in the community?
2) How long have you been in the community?
3) What are some strengths/services that have
positive influences on the community around here?
Have you used them?
4) What are some weaknesses/issues in your
community?
5) Do you have personal experience with either of
the above?
6) If you were a public health nurse, what would you
do for your community?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) The pharmacist identified the inaccessibility of
medications, particularly insulin, as having a huge
negative impact on the community. They said that
the number of clients with diabetes who come into
the pharmacy and are unable to afford their insulin is
depressing.
2) They identified the close-knit nature of the
community as both a good thing and a bad thing, as
they trusted each other but were quick to refuse help
from outsiders out of distrust.
3) The pharmacist experienced a difficulty affording
formula for her child, and the formula WIC covered
caused her child stomach cramps and gas. They
expressed a strong wish for expansion of programs
that provide coverage of food stamps and ACCHS.
17
Generic Title:
Community Service Organizer
Sub-system(s) Addressed:
Education, Physical Environment, Health and Social
Services, Recreation, Politics and Gov’t, Safety and
Transportation
Interview Questions:
1) What is your role in the community?
2) How long have you been in the community?
3) What are some strengths/services that have
positive influences on the community around here?
Have you used them?
4) What are some weaknesses/issues in your
community?
5) Do you have personal experience with either of
the above?
6) If you were a public health nurse, what would you
do for your community?
Key Informant Comments/Insights:
1) The community organizer works out of a
community center that also functions as a
bar/restaurant, but they provide a variety of
community services to whomever walks through their
doors asking for help. They try their best to provide
the service being requested or the service
necessary. In their experience they think that the
most pressing issue in the community is the
destruction of the family unit. Children lacking two
parents suffer and struggle in ways that are very
difficult to provide aid for.
2) This individual also described the community as
being very unified and having many resources, even
if they are not always aware of the resources
available to them.
3) Lastly, the individual said that something that
 18

public health nurses could do for the community that

would benefit them is begin providing in-community
visitations again. That would get the community in
contact with the resources available to them in the
community.
 19

Root Causes Map

Gender Discrimination and
Institutional Racism Class Oppression
Exploitation
Implicit/explicit bias against
N/A
N/A people with addiction

Power & Wealth Imbalance Power & Wealth Imbalance

Globalization &
Labor Markets Housing Policy Education Systems Social Safety Net Social Networks Tax Policy
Deregulation
● Title I schools
within and
● “Poverty tax”
around the CT ● Can be hard to
● Hard to get/keep ● No food taxes
● Charter school remove self
a job without N/A N/A N/A ● Sales Tax Rate
within the CT from poor
transportation for Flowing
● Within District influences
Wells is 8.6%
3, under Sharon
Bronson

Social Determinants of Health Social Determinants of Health

Neighborhood and Built Social and Community
Economic Stability Education Access & Quality Health Care Access & Quality
Environment Context
● CT per Capita ● There is one charter ● Northwest medical ● Mobile homes (Some ● Have community
Income was school, one public center and several homes have broken resources to aid them
 20

$17,693 which is elementary, one middle

lower than the school outside of the CT,
country and a high school outside
($30,747). of the CT. The public
● Median schools are Title I.
Household ● Lower rate of high school
income is $32,171 graduates in CT 71.8%
which is lower compared to Pima county
than the Pima rate of 89%.
county median of ● Lower rate with bachelor’s
$55,023. degree of higher 8%
● 23.4% of people compared to 33.6% in
are below the Pima county.
poverty line. ● 16-21% of population with
less than a high school
diploma
medical offices are north.
windows and gunshots) such as the Moose
However, many don’t
● Two parks (one smaller Lounge, Tree of life
have health insurance.
and one larger). church, and Thriving that
● Ratio of patients to
● One sports complex. provide them with
providers is 2969:1 with
● Business center that has clothing and food
only 6 PCPs in Flowing
a nonprofit organization opportunities.
wells.
that also offers ● Many residents feel safe
● 17-21% of population
resources with the sheriff's office
doesn’t have health
nearby.
insurance

Psychological Stress & Unhealthy Behaviors

● Use of drugs
● Stress from poor income, single motherhood, etc. can lead to poor health choices and poor coping mechanisms.
● Local grocery stores are right outside of the CT and not located within

Disparities in the Distribution of Disease, Illness, and Well-being

● Hard to get transportation to healthcare services
● Lack of insurance
● Lack of mental health resources
● Leading cause of death in Flowing Wells area include chronic lower respiratory diseases and drug induced deaths
 21

https://webcms.pima.gov/UserFiles/Servers/Server_6/File/Health/Resources%20for%20Professionals/Health%20Data,%20Statistics%20and%20Reports/Pima
%20CHNA-FNL-web.pdf
 22

Data Analysis & Community Resource Tool

Describe your Census Tract, drawing from the Community Profile, Windshield Surveys, Key Informant
Interviews, and Community Immersion:
Our CT is primarily made up of people of White or Hispanic descent with a median age of 31.4 years old. The
majority of our CT is residential neighborhoods made up of mobile homes. The neighborhoods appear to have a
lot of trash and damaged property. There is limited access to healthy foods or supermarkets in the
neighborhood. On the other hand, there is access to medical services. Moose Lodge and Thriving are two social
service organizations that serve the community. There is also access to recreation resources such as sport
centers and two well-maintained parks. The community appears to struggle with drug dealing and drug
addiction according to firsthand observation and reporting. It lacks an accessible drug treatment center. People
in the community also voiced concern of a high school dropout rate. The median household income is $32,171
and almost a quarter of residents live in poverty.
List at Least Three Community Strengths List at Least Three Community Stressors
● Close-knit ● Access to cheap or free food ● Lack of ● Lack of knowledge/access to
community through organizations access to healthcare insurance
● Feels Safe ● Well-maintained parks fresh ● Highschool dropout rate
because of fruits and
Sheriff’s vegetabl
patrolling area es.
● Substanc
e use
Plot your Community Stressors on the Priorities of Care Table (see Appendix), leaving the blue columns blank.
Obtain a preliminary total score and list your top three concerns below.
Concern #1 Concern #2 Concern #3
Substance misuse Lack of fresh fruits and Lack of knowledge/access to
vegetables. healthcare and insurance.

Complete the Community Resource activities in D2L before proceeding.

Community Resource(s) for Community Resource(s) for Community Resource(s) for Concern
Concern #1 Concern #2 #3
Name: Pima County Health Name: Moose Lodge Name: Flowing Wells Library
Department Purpose: Moose Lodge is Purpose: This library acts as a safe
Purpose: Providing safety and meant to be the heart of the place for the community, especially
adequate health services for Pima community and act as a place children. This is a place where
county residents where people can safely come members of the community can gather
Funding: grants; county together. Members also host to attend skills classes, read, and
Services: education food and clothes drives and access resources such as computers.
Cost: free or insurance if applicable other volunteer-based events Funding: Local government
Population: Residents of Pima to help the community. Services: Offers loaning of books,
county Funding: Moose Lodge has an music, and movies. Offers free Wi-Fi,
Benefit: They provide free Narcan to affordable membership fee of access to computers, and skills classes
 23

the community $40 per year and also receives such as job seeking.
Partnership potential: Gathering grants. Cost: Free
Narcan to areas in the community in Services: Full bar; free meals Population: Residents of the
need including breakfast, lunch and community
dinner; food drives; clothes Benefit: Access to many resources for
drives; live entertainment; free and provides a safe place for
raise money for people’s community members
individual needs, allow Partnership potential:
homeless to work for a Ability to interact and engage with
membership; sometimes place other community members and
homeless people in homes provides opportunities for networking
Cost: $40 per year and job seeking.
Population: Residents of the
community
Benefit: The lodge gives
community members a place
to connect and support each
other. The meals and food
drives ensure the community
doesn’t go hungry. Clothes
drives also benefit the
community, as poverty can
make it difficult to afford new
clothes
Partnership potential:
Pamphlets, workshops,
wellness check-ups
For each Community Resource include Resource Name, Mission/Purpose, Funding, Services Offered, Cost for
Services, Population Served, Potential Benefit to CT, Partnership Potential.
Now complete the blue columns in the Priorities of Care Table (see Appendix) and determine your priority
(top-ranking) concern.
Priority Concern for Census Tract
Substance misuse

Target Population within Census Tract that is Impacted by the Priority Concern
Young adults around ages 20-40

Four Part Community Nursing Diagnosis for Priority Concern and Target Population

Risk for substance misuse among young adults, around 20-40 years old, in Flowing Wells related to easy access
to substances, ineffective coping with stressors, and elevated high school dropout rates as evidenced by
community expressing concern for those suffering from addiction roaming the community, community
 24

expressing need for Narcan, higher crime rates, community expressing drug trafficking occurring in their
community.

Broad Overarching Goal that would help you address your diagnosis with your CT:
Educating the community about Narcan and substance usage at Flowing wells library

List a Health People 2030 Objective that Relates to your goal above:
Objective SU-15: Reduce the proportion of people who had drug use disorder in the past year
 25

Appendix
Priorities of Care Table
Severity of
Community Nursing Availability
Identified in Outcome(s)
Community Expression of Students’ of Resources Community Strengths
Supporting County’s without Total
Health Stressor Interest in Ability to for that can Help Address
Data Health Needs Effort to Score
Addressing Address Addressing Stressor
Assessment1 Address
Stressor2 Stressor Stressor
Stressor

Lack of fresh Tight knit community,

Poverty
fruits and availability of food
Easily
vegetables/Lack 1 2 1 1 2 7 banks
accessible
of access to food
fast food
in general

Community
members
stated that
there are a
lot more
drugs in the
Availability of Narcan,
Substance Use community. 2 4
2 2 2 12 tight knit community,
A school is
sheriff’s petrol
trying to
get Narcan
from the
fire station.

The urgent 1 2 1 1 2 7 Tight knit community,

 26

care said
that a lot of
people
Lack of come in
healthcare with
access/ emergency close to Northwest
Insurance but can’t be medical plaza
helped
because of
lack of
insurance.

A large
number of
people were
seen near
Availability to get clean
Homelessness the bus
clothes and free food
shops and 1 2 0 0 2 5
from local community
didn’t
resources.
appear to
get on the
bus.

General Scoring Key: 0 = low, 1 = moderate, 2 = high

● (1) Score 1 point if consistent with report findings as a concern in the county. Score 2 points if stressor is 1 of the county’s priority areas.
● (2) Community Expression of Interest is double weighted to emphasize its importance.
 27

Policy Development Tool

List Policies at the Organizational, Local (City or County), State, and National Level that may impact your Priority
Concern (as previously identified on the DACR Tool).
List at least one policy at each level and describe its impact.
Organizational
Policy/Procedure Impact
D 32.6 Pima County Public Library – Customer Code of This allows public buildings, such as a library, to ensure a
Conduct Policy, specifically 1.1.8. safe environment for those who are visiting the location.
This prevents individuals from bringing in illegal
It states, “To ensure a safe environment, the substances to the library.
following actions or behaviors are not allowed on
Library property: Any act that constitutes an offense
under federal, state, or local law, including, but not
limited to: Possessing, using, selling, or transferring
any illegal drug or alcohol”
https://webcms.pima.gov/UserFiles/Servers/
Server_6/File/Government/Clerk%20of%20the
%20Board/Policies/F54-5.pdf

Tucson or Pima County

Ordinance
Pima County Code of Ordinances: Sec. 11-72.
“Any operator, permittee, or employee of a retail
establishment may refuse to sell any pseudoephedrine
product to any person if the operator, permittee or
employee has reason to believe that the product will
be used in the unlawful manufacture of
methamphetamine or other controlled substance.”
https://codelibrary.amlegal.com/codes/tucson/
latest/tucson_az/0-0-0-9754
Impact
This allows businesses to refuse a transaction that they
deem to be suspicious, as the attempted purchase of
pseudoephedrine products in excess of the amounts
permitted by Arizona law. The ordinance allows the
operator, permittee, or employee to not be liable for any
loss or damage that may be caused by the refusal to sell.
This decreases the amount of pseudoephedrine products
that would be sold along with red phosphorus or iodine so
there would be a decrease in the manufacturing ability to
make methamphetamine.

State of Arizona
Statute or Regulation Impact
Arizona Opioid Epidemic Act, 2018; Opioid Action The probability of opioid dependence significantly
Plan: increases with five or more days of opioid use, whereas
research determines that appropriate pain relief is often
This act would implement a number of plans, one of achieved after three days of use. This would decrease the
which is making it so that patients who are filling their number of people in the state that develop an opioid
first prescription of opioids may not do so after five dependency. Additionally, this would decrease the
days. People with cancer, a recent physical trauma, number of overdoses and the frequency of substance
 28

recent surgery, end-of-life and hospice patients would abuse among patients that do not fall under the
be exempt. exemption conditions.
https://azgovernor.gov/sites/default/files/
opioidepidemicactweb_0.pdf

United States of America

Statute or Regulation
Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act (CARA)
Authorizes over $180 million every year to use
towards opioid abuse through the increased
availability of treatment and prevention programs.
https://www.samhsa.gov/about-us/who-we-are/laws-
regulations
Impact
CARA has started evidence-based opioid and heroin
treatment programs, strengthened prescription drug
monitoring for high-risk individuals, expanded educational
awareness and resources to help incarcerated individuals.
CARA also helped expand distribution of Narcan to
healthcare workers and first responders to help reverse
overdoses. CARA is continuing to help those with
addiction and recovery from drug use and is currently
working to address opioid addiction treatment of
pregnant/postpartum women.

What change or new statute/regulation at the state level would you propose that would target your priority
concern and enhance the health of your Census Tract?

All public buildings and businesses will be required to maintain possession of 2-5 packs (dual packs) of Naloxone
within their first aid kit, depending on the size of the building and number of employees within the building. The
Naloxone will be kept, similar to an AED in a public setting, accessible in the event of an emergency in order to
reverse an overdose. Use of the Naloxone by a bystander will be covered under the Good Samaritan Act.

Today you will be writing a Professional Advocacy Letter to advocate for this policy. Aside from writing a letter,
what other ways could you advocate for this policy?
We could also advocate for this policy on a state-wide level or even national level by attending Standards Boards
OSHA meetings. OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and they do a lot of work ensuring
employees have adequate education and conditions for optimal health. We could present our proposed policy in
such meetings. Also, we could meet with first aid kit producers that sell first aid kits to public offices and buildings
and suggest that Naloxone become a standard item in such first aid kits.
29
 30

Professional Advocacy Letter

602-926-3138; CMATHIS@azleg.gov
Chris Mathis, State Representative
House of Representatives
1700 West Washington Room 326 Phoenix AZ, 85007

Dear Congressman Mathis,

We are nursing students at the University of Arizona in our community health clinical rotation. Our
names are Christine Anaya, Isabel Annett, Alize Bowman, Tobias Edelstein, and Jing Lu. We are writing to you
to advocate for a policy that would extraordinarily impact and benefit the 45.06 Census Tract and the Flowing
Wells community.
As you may be aware, substance addiction and overdose are a primary concern in the community. After
conducting many interviews in the community and surveying the resources available to this Census Tract, we
have found that the community agrees with this concern. Some members of the community even expressed that
the drug dealing right next to their homes has become unbearable and frightening. Although it may be more
difficult to combat people using drugs, it may be easier to institute damage control measures that may prevent
unnecessary deaths in the community. According to the Arizona Department of Health Services, more than five
people die from opioid overdoses in Arizona every day. These are accidental deaths with the leading cause
being synthetic and prescription opioids. OSHA currently does not require that Naloxone is included in first aid
kits according to Standard 1910.266 App A.
We suggest that all public buildings and businesses should be required to maintain possession of 2-5
packs (dual packs) of Naloxone within their first aid kit, depending on the size of the building and number of
employees within the building. The Naloxone will be kept, similar to an AED in a public setting, accessible in
the event of an emergency in order to reverse an overdose. This can be an amendment that is added onto OSHA.
Use of the Naloxone by a bystander will be covered under the Good Samaritan Act.
In summary, providing the community with wider access to Naloxone and providing countermeasures
for accidental overdose deaths is a tactic that will save lives, and both tax dollars in terms of healthcare costs as
well as emergency services costs. Thank you for your time and consideration.

Sincerely,

Christine Anaya

Isabel Annett

Alize Bowman

Tobias Edelstein

Jing Lu
 31

Health Education Project Planning Tool

Brainstorm Potential HEPs for your Target Population and Priority Concern. Locate evidence (an article, a study, a current
program, etc.) that supports each HEP that you consider. List AT LEAST three potential HEPs with evidence (including a
citation).
Potential HEP Evidence Citation
● Educate the population on opioid ● Community education about ● (Wright et al., 2019)
overdose and how to use Narcan at naloxone decreased the sigma about
Flowing Wells Library the using Narcan. Wright, Q. E., Higginbotham, S.,
● https://www.sciencedirect.com/
& Bunk, E. (2019). The impact of
science/article/pii/
S1544319119305357?via%3Dihub
a pharmacist-led naloxone

education and community

distribution project on local use of

naloxone. Journal of the American

Pharmacists Association, 60(3),

S56–S60.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2019

.11.027

Consider your budget, assistance that may be available from partnering organizations, time constraints, and team
expertise. Then select an HEP that can be implemented on Day 10. Highlight your selected intervention in yellow in the
“Potential Intervention” column above.
Fill-in the Spaces below to provide an overview of the selected HEP.
Setting Modality Audience
(Location/Time) (E.g. Demonstration, Presentation, Group Discussion, (Specific sub-set of target population and special
etc.) considerations, e.g. health literacy)
Flowing Wells Library Presentation Younger Adults (age 20-40)
3 PM

Visual Aids Incentives Advertising

(E.g. Posters, Hand-outs, Pamphlets, Photo Novelas) (E.g. Snacks, Free Passes, Coupons, Give Aways/Freebies, (E.g. Word-of-mouth, Social Media, News Letters)
Raffle)
Trifold Free Narcan Word-of-mouth
 32

Pamphlets Snacks?
Resources Constraints Partnerships
(Resources Available and Resources Needed for (Issues that may make your project more challenging, (Community Resources that could contribute to, or
Implementation) e.g. weather) participate in, the HEP)
Narcan supplies from CODAC Limited time to tell people about the Pima County Health Department
event
CODAC
Limited to those already at the library
Process Objectives
These are objectives that are used to keep your team on track as you plan your HEP.
Evaluation Plan for Process Objectives
Process Objective List

● Access the community ● How many people attend our presentation

● Talk to the librarian ● Did we reach the population we wanted to
● Do the presentation-Education how to recognize
overdose and educate on how to use Narcan
● What are opioids and what do they do

Impact Objective(s)
These are SHORT-TERM SMART goals that your learners should achieve following HEP attendance.
Impact Objective List Evaluation Plan for Impact Objective(s)
● Pre-survey through verbal questioning
● By the end of our presentation 80% of the attendees will ○ Example: How many of you know about how
be able to demonstrate how to use Narcan. opioids affect the body?
● By the end of our presentation 50% of the attendees will ○ Example: How many of you know how to use
be able to express 3 signs of opioid overdose. Narcan?
● By the end of our presentation 60% of the attendees will ● End-survey through verbal questioning
be able to teach back the definition of an opioid, what it ○ Example: How do you use nasal Narcan?
does, and how Narcan impacts this. ○ Example: How do opioids affect the body?

Outcome Objective(s)
These are LONG-TERM SMART goals that your learners should achieve following HEP attendance.
Outcome Objective List Evaluation Plan for Outcome Objective(s)
● By 2 years, individuals will still be educated about Narcan ● Go back to flowing wells in 2 years and conduct a
and how to utilize it in the case of an overdose. survey on what percent of people know how to use
● By 2 years, individuals will still be educated about opioids Narcan and what the signs of overdose are.
and how they impact the body.
 33

HEP Photograph
 34

Health Education Project Evaluation Tool

Evaluation of Process Objectives
Evaluation Mechanism Used Evaluation
● Observing how many and who shows up to our ● A range of ages showed up at the library, and
presentation some people were genuinely interested while
others appeared extremely uncomfortable
regarding the topic
● We were able to present to about 13 people
● People may fear the responsibility of having to
save a life
Lessons Learned from the Process
Consider how well your team functioned in the planning and implementation of the HEP.
Strengths Areas for Improvement
● We listened to the input of all the teammates. ● Planning out our posterboard more, and not just
● We had a good amount of input from CT residents. going with our first ideas.
● Our flyer was well thought out for the attendees to ● Acquiring input from key members of the community
easily understand it like the Sheriff’s Dept or a Fire Dept to discuss safety
issues in the CT.
● Acquiring Narcan for our presentation could have
occurred earlier on, so that we had more to pass out
to attendees
Evaluation of Impact Objective(s)
Evaluation Mechanism Used Evaluation
Pre-survey and post-survey of the participants listening to Pre-survey evaluation- about 90% of participants did not
the presentation know what an opioid is or information about overdoses
None of the participants were willing to respond to the
post survey.
Lessons Learned from the Impact
Consider the impact of your HEP and the learning that took place among attendees.
Strengths Areas for Improvement
● People were able to get free Narcan ● Could add some focus on preventing youth from
● People learned how to use Narcan in an emergency starting using drugs
● Harm-reduction - empowers individual to save a life ● Could put examples of drugs that Narcan would
reverse including street names
● Way to make the presentation less daunting so
more people are willing to listen. The overdose
topic was clearly intimidating to some
Considering Outcome Objectives(s)
You won’t actually be able to evaluate these long-term objectives, but consider these questions:
Do you think your attendees would meet these objectives if you were to follow through on the Evaluation Plan? Why
 35

or Why not?
● By the end of our presentation 80% of the attendees will be able to demonstrate how to use Narcan.
○ This object was not met as none of the participants wanted to demonstrate. They just said yes when we
asked if they knew how to use it.
● By the end of our presentation 50% of the attendees will be able to express 3 signs of opioid overdose.
●
○ This objective was not met, only one of the attendees was able to describe signs of overdose after the
presentation. These objectives were probably not met because of the negative connotation around
opioids.
● By the end of our presentation 60% of the attendees will be able to teach back the definition of an opioid, what it
does, and how Narcan impacts this.
○ I don’t believe that this objective was met. Most of the attendees when asked if they knew what an
opioid was and what Narcan does, they said yes but were unwilling to teach back. These objectives were
probably not met because of the negative connotation around opioids.

Imagine that you were granted $10,000 in funding over the next year to make your HEP a sustaining project. Describe
how you would use the funding and what changes you might make to your HEP.
- We may use this funding to gain awareness for our HEP. We could have events at universities and businesses
across the country and use online marketing tools to get our name out there. We could also use this money to
print pamphlets and acquire more hand-outs to incentivize people to engage in our HEP.