Paper Research Chapter123 CSS ONLINE LIBRARY AN ALTERNATIVE LEARNING MATERIALS REVISED ONGOING

RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
CSS ONLINE LIBRARY: AN ALTERNATIVE E-LEARNING MATERIALS

FOR BTVTED STUDENTS OF RTU BONI CAMPUS
An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to the Faculty

of the College of Education
Rizal Technological University
In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Computer System Servicing
(BTVTED)
by
PARTOZA, ARRIANNE MAY

NORQUILLAS, MARY ARC B.
SIACUNCO, JOHN ANGELO
RIVERA, KIANA ANGELI A.
JULY 2022
50
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
APPROVAL SHEET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . …… . . . . . . ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
ABSTRACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . v
TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. vi
LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Significance of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Statement of the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Scope and Limitations of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Hypothesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4
Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Subtitles of each Literature/Studies in thematic approach)

Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature and Studies . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methods of Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Population, Sample Size and Sampling Technique . . . . . . .
Description of Respondents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .
Research Instrument(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Gathering Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Statistical Treatment of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BIBLIOGRAPHY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPENDICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix 1 Sample Survey Questionnaire . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .

Appendix 2 Directions for Essay Writing . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix 3 Request Letter to Conduct Study . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix 4 Sample Table for Error Analysis . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .
Appendix 5 Sample generated Respondent’s Profile . . . . . . . . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
CURRICULUM VITAE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
50
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
The amount of information produced daily has expanded substantially
in the digital age, which has greatly impacted how we store and preserve
information. How are librarians keeping up with processing the high amount of
information and how do librarians fit into the work of locating and safeguarding
items as cloud storing capacity and archiving facilities increase to be able to
store ever larger amounts of information? Continue reading to learn how these
changes are affecting librarians' jobs and the difficulties they encounter. We
need to make maps for our new information superhighway to properly share
information. Collaboration is essential to enlarging the global network and
enhancing information sharing. Academic personnel, administrative workers,
and librarians will inevitably collaborate, pool their abilities, and share
knowledge. The involvement of librarians in reorganizing research and
creating research programs is expanding. As digitization advances quickly,
librarians are being challenged to take on educational and technological tasks
as well as maintain a consistent level of skill upkeep. Librarians must stay up
with innovation given how scholarship and research are changing. However,
their efforts must be recognized, and we must be conscious of how much time
50
these extra duties consume in a librarian's regular workday. For its librarians
to obtain the level of knowledge on which their institutions rely, institutions
must gradually place more emphasis on their learning and growth. Nature, S.
(2021, February 24).
E-learning, often known as online learning or electronic learning, is the
process of learning through electronic media and technologies. E-learning is
described as "learning that is enabled electronically" in plain English. E-
learning typically takes place online, so students can access their course
materials whenever they want. Online courses, degrees, and other forms of
online learning are the most common ways that e-learning occurs. There are a
lot of e-learning examples available, and we've gone into more detail about
those in our prior articles. (Tamm, 2020).
In order to ensure meaningful learning, e-learning necessitates
extensive "planning, preparing, and executing," according to 2019 research
from the Digital Learning Collaborative.
According to the report, for e-learning to be successful, teachers must
be ready to provide online training, and students must be ready to learn
online. Administrators must also consider criteria such as the kinds of systems
and devices required to support e-learning initiatives, accommodations for
students with impairments or those whose first language is not English, and
requirements for students whose first language is not English.
Infrastructure for student technology is another crucial factor. Schools

50
may benefit more from tools that include offline components or require low
connective capacity, for instance, if broadband connections aren't easily
accessible or cost-effective. (Bonderud, 2020).
Information and communication technology, or ICT. The name implies
that these are tools for handling information, including information production,
storage, and dissemination. ICT uses both traditional and modern tools.
Radio, TV, and the telephone are some examples of outdated technology.
Computers, satellites, wireless technology, and the Internet are examples of
new tools.
There are numerous formats for it, including textual, audio, video, and
audio-visual. The most recent innovations are mentioned, together with a
collection of straightforward audio-visual tools like presentations, radio,
cassettes, and movies. (Kaur, 2021).
ICT in education makes learning accessible to all kinds of students. All
students can learn from the offered material. Even pupils with particular needs
can use it to their fullest potential. ICT has also addressed problems like the
"digital gap," enabling even those who are less affluent to have access to the
resources they need for learning.
Libraries have historically played important roles in education. The first
university was the first major library, which opened in Alexandria two thousand
years ago. It attracted intellectuals from throughout the Mediterranean who
lived and worked in a scholarly community for years at a time and included a
50
zoo and many cultural treasures in addition to much of the written knowledge
of the ancient world. In today's discourse on the National/Global Information
Infrastructure (N/GII), examples of how the enormous amounts of information
provided by global networks (i.e., digital libraries) will be applied in educational
contexts are frequently provided.
Paperless society, electronic resources, portal 7 gateway, and global
digital library are just a few of the new terms that have emerged as a result of
the rapid development of information and communication technology. Today,
all types of libraries, including academic, public, and special ones, offer their
patrons not only printed materials but also printed, electronic, and other online
materials like e-books and databases to meet their day-to-day needs for
academics and research.
The Freedom of Information Program was implemented in the
Philippines in response to the public's right to information. It advocates for
making information accessible to the general public for all executive branch
agencies, except any that could endanger or damage national security.
Government organizations in the Philippines now make papers available
online, including publications, memos, forms, and financial data. (Marciano,
2019).
Using a list of attributes, one may define a digital library as having the
following features. The digital library is made up of a variety of services, a

50
collection of information items, users' support for those objects, management

and preservation of those objects, direct or indirect accessibility, and
electronic/digital accessibility. The main goals of a digital library are to
increase access and save mloney while simultaneously preserving
information, sharing information, and keeping peace with technology.
The ability to make rare and delicate items more accessible to many
people at once is one of the key advantages of digital libraries. There are a
number of reasons why libraries choose to digitize their collections, but the
main driver is the demand from users for easy access to reliable information.
The digital library should also take quality preservation, multiple referencing,
widespread usage, archival storage, and security measures into account.
(Mishra, 2016).
An electronic library, also known as a digital library, is a physical
location and/or website that offers 24/7 online access to written, audio, and
video content that has been digitally preserved. It makes free copies of books,
journals, and other materials accessible to users. Students don't have to be in
the same physical location to take the same course because the e-learning
materials can be accessed from anywhere at any time.
The purpose of this study is to create "CSS Online Library: An
Alternative e-Learning Materials for BTVTED Students of RTU Boni Campus".
To facilitate their gathering of information relevant to their study of their major

50
subject, and how "CSS Online Library: An Alternative e-learning Materials can
meet the needs of students. This research aims to develop useful e-learning
materials for academic libraries to use in meeting the needs of their students
in unexpected situations, such as the transition to online education caused by
COVID-19. The study's goal is to develop an alternative e-learning material on
how academic libraries deal with new needs for educational materials during
the pandemic, as well as to identify the usefulness of the online website library
on student academic performance.
Significance of the Study
This research study will help to contribute to the Effectiveness of
creating CSS Online Library: An Alternative e-Learning Materials for BTVTED
Students of RTU Boni Campus. It is especially useful in the following
situations:
The school library provides access to a wide range of resources as
well as an environment where teaching and learning are prioritized.
The students will find that using the online library is an effective source
of information in their academic performance as second-year college BTVTED
Students.
The parents will know and guides the child in the use of the online
library and those who can help in the proper use of gathering information,
50
about the student's academic performance.

The teachers will know the connection between the online library and
their students’ performance.
Fellow researchers can get ideas about this study and can use this
research to develop other effectiveness of online libraries of performance.
The research recommendations in this study may be helpful to other
students because the main purpose of this study was to create a CSS Online
Library: An Alternative e-Learning Materials for the BTVTED Students of RTU
Boni Campus.
Statement of the Problem
This study has the topic “CSS ONLINE LIBRARY: AN ALTERNATIVE
e-LEARNING MATERIALS FOR BTVTED STUDENTS OF RTU BONI
CAMPUS” Aims to answer the following:
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of their:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Year level
2. What is the scale of acceptability of the developed CSS Online Library as
perceived by the respondents with respect to:

50
2.1 Usability
2.2 Graphic User Interface
2.3 Functionality
2.4 Accessibility
2.5 Data Protection?
3. Is there any significant relationship between the demographic profile of the
respondents and their scale of accessibility of the developed online library?
Scope and Limitations of the study
This research focused on creating a “CSS Online Library: An
Alternative e-Learning Materials for BTVTED Students of Rizal Technological
University Boni Campus. The researcher gathered data by the conducted
survey of 25 Second-Year College for BTVTED Students of RTU Boni
Campus”. 10 survey questions were given to each respondent in order to
collect data. In addition, this study is limited only to finding if the online library
as an alternative e-learning material is effective in using on the academic
performance of students in their study.
Hypothesis
There is no significant relationship between the demographic profile of
the respondents and their scale of accessibility to the developed online library.
50
Theoretical Framework
This research is based on the theory of:
An Emergent Theory of Digital Library Metadata
An Emergent Theory of Digital Library Metadata is a response to
today's digital library landscape, which is being challenged by growing online
collections and shifting user expectations. The theory lays the conceptual
groundwork for a new approach that moves away from expert-defined
standardized metadata and toward a user-driven approach that includes users
as metadata co-creators. Moving away from definitive, authoritative metadata
and toward a system that reflects the diversity of users' terminologies shifts
the current focus away from metadata simplicity and efficiency and toward
metadata enrichment, which is a continuous and evolving data linking process.
At the point of delivery, information is conceptualized, contextualized, and
filtered, as opposed to a predefined description.
This study also includes the theoretical foundation of the TAM model,
(Technology Acceptance Model) which outlines how users embrace and
employ new technologies. TAM is a theory of reasoned action-based model of
user acceptance of information systems technology. Perceived usefulness and

50
perceived ease of use are two characteristics that influence attitudes toward
use, behavioral intentions to use, and system use. The concept implies that
when a library and its patrons are faced with new technology, a variety of
factors affect their decision regarding how and when to use it. Such elements
include Davis (1989) defined perceived usefulness (PU) as the degree to
which an individual believes that utilizing a certain system or structure would
improve his or her job performance. Perceived ease-of-use (PEOU) - Davis
described this as the extent to which a person believes that using a specific
system will be effortless (Davis 1989). TAM proposes, in the context of
information technologies, that users create a positive attitude toward
technology when they think that it is useful and convenient, and simple to use
(Davis 1989) and also this model highlights the elements that influence an
individual's acceptance or rejection of a specific technology, including
perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. As a result, lends itself to all
library and information science courses and even those beyond the realm of
librarianship.
The Online Library can be a tool or learning platform that helps each
student in the BTVTED Students of RTU Boni Campus that helps them with
their studies. Especially in online learning distance, it can provide them with
the effective and quick gathering of information related to what they are
studying in their course.

50
Conceptual Framework
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

CSS ONLINE LIBRARY:
AN ALTERNATIVE E-
Development/Materials
Requirements LEARNING
CSS ONLINE
System/Requirements MATERIALS.
LIBRARY: AN
- Technology Website/ Development ALTERNATIVE
- Internet e- LEARNING
- Google Forms
MATERIALS
- Websites - Quantitative
FOR BTVTED
- E-Learning Research
Materials CSS
- Descriptive
STUDENTS OF
- Modules Evaluative Research
(References) RTU BONI
Design
- Domain Name CAMPUS.
Formula
- Logo Design
- Text
contents/Images
- Survey instruments
- 2nd Year College

BTVTED-CSS
Students.
50
FEEDBACK
Figure 1: Research Paradigm:
The conceptual framework outlines the research study approach that
will be used by the researchers. In the Research paradigm they will discuss
the flow of the study. The input which contains the important tools in creating
the development preparation of CSS Online Library: An Alternative e-Learning
Materials, it will represents the system requirements, and materials that will be
used for the creation of websites and those who will be respondents in
providing a survey questionnaire for the online library and also, by using
technology and online tools that will lead to research development. In the
process where the researchers conducted a survey questionnaire using a
google form to distribute to selected students, and to collect data by answering
the survey. The researcher will be used a quantitative approach and
descriptive evaluative research design in the collected data the formula which
will be used by the researchers was the T-test formula to determine each
number of respondents. The output contained the website development of
“CSS Online Library: An Alternative e-Learning Materials”. The researchers
expected to have at least 95% of BTVTED students approve that there is no
any significant relationship between the demographic profile of the
respondents and their scale of accessibility of the developed online library.

50
Definition of Terms
Alternative e-learning – During a pandemic, this e-learning
encourages students to stay focused on their studies and to learn and
complete their respective academic years as soon as possible.
Accessibility – Simply defined, means that the fullest use of any
resource should be given to the greatest number of people. Libraries, as
providers of public space and digital content, have a responsibility to promote
equitable access to all users, whether or not they use assistive technology.
BTVTED – The Bachelor in Technical-Vocational Teacher Education
(BTVTEd) program is a four-year teacher education program designed to
equip future teachers with adequate and relevant competencies in the area of
technical and vocational teacher education.
access to all users, whether or not they use assistive technology.
Boni Campus – Location of the University and where the main campus
of the college is located.
Collaboration – is a partnership; a union; the act of producing or making
something together.
Computer Networks – are the basis of communication in IT. They are

50
used in a huge variety of ways and can include many different types of
networks. A computer network is a set of computers that are connected
together so that they can share information.
COVID-19 –  is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus.
COVID is an acronym. ‘CO’ stands for corona, ‘VI’ for the virus, ‘D’ for disease,
and ‘19’ for 2019 (year first identified). This disease has also been referred to
as ‘2019 novel coronavirus’ or ‘2019-nCoV.
Database – also called electronic database, any collection of data, or
information that is specially organized for rapid search and retrieval by a
computer.
Data Protection – According to the Compact Oxford Dictionary,
Thesaurus, and Word power Guide (2002: 218) data protection means “legal
control over access to data stored in computers”.
E-books – an e-book, in a full electronic book, a digital file containing a
body of text and images suitable for distributing electronically and displaying
on-screen in a manner similar to a printed book.
E-Learning Materials – Digital learning materials, also known as e-
learning materials, are study materials that are published digitally. These
include electronic textbooks, workbooks, educational videos, e-tests, and so
on.
Functionality – Access to large amounts of information to users
wherever they are and whenever they need it.

50
Graphical User Interface (GUI) – is a computer program that enables
a person to communicate with a computer through the use of symbols, visual
metaphors, and pointing devices.
Information Computer Technology (ICT) – is the mode of education
that use the information and communications technology to support, enhance,
and optimize the delivery of information
Library – a building, room, or organization that has a collection of
books, documents, music, and sometimes things such as tools or artwork, for
people to borrow, usually without payment.
Program – a series of instructions that can be put into a computer in
order to make it perform an operation.
Paperless Society – A paperless society is a society in which paper
communication is replaced by electronic communication and storage.
RTU (Rizal Technological University) – is a state university located in
Mandaluyong, Philippines wherein the researcher of this study is one of their
students.
Student/s – an individual or group of individuals who gain knowledge
by studying.
Technology – refers to methods, systems, and devices resulting from
scientific knowledge being used for practical purposes.
Usability – has user focus usability as “people who use the product can
50
do so quickly and easily to accomplish their task.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
In this chapter, the Review of Related Literature and Studies focuses on
creating a CSS Online Library as An Alternative e-Learning Materials. The
researcher collected the review of related literature and studies to further
analyze and support the study.
Local Literature
Digital Libraries to Ease Learning in the Philippines
Through electronic devices and using the internet not only in school
and inside the library we can gather information related to student learning. In
today's time when the pandemic still exists not only in our country but also in
other neighboring countries that are experiencing a widespread epidemic
caused by Covid 19. But with the help of technology, we are still able to have
a connection in the gathering of information that will help students in their
studies related to their subjects and others. The digital library helps students'
learning a lot, especially now with the Use of extensive social media platforms
50
and other Useful tools available in education. The online library can be easily
used and accessed by students through electronic devices, especially now
that the country is still facing a pandemic. The digital library is a Useful tool
and Resource to gather information and data that they can use, especially in
their subject and related to their course of study.
Digital libraries bring together technology and information resources to
enable remote access, removing physical barriers between resources.
Although these resources will remain specialized in order to meet the needs of
specific communities of learners, digital libraries will allow teachers and
students to access a broader range of materials and communicate with people
outside of the formal learning environment. Libraries used fewer digital
technologies before the pandemic for fewer reasons. They were forced to
adapt in order to stay afloat, satisfy patron needs, and ensure continued
learning during the pandemic due to the unexpected lockdown caused by
COVID-19.
Global efforts to preserve documentary heritage are being led by virtual
libraries. They are in an exceptional position to advocate for and actively
participate in digital conservation. The COVID-19 crisis served as a watershed
moment, highlighting the numerous benefits of digital libraries. Indeed, digital
libraries have shown their ability not only to enable a richer, more diverse
public domain but also to promote human development. Digital Libraries to

50
Ease Learning in the Philippines. (2021, August 20). OpenGov Asia.

The Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center - Aquaculture
Department (SEAFDEC AQD) Library, the Philippine Council for Agriculture,
Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCAARRD)
digital library, the Filipinas Heritage Library, the National Library, and others
are among the libraries in the Philippines with digital resources available
online. These libraries have an advantage because all or a portion of their
collections are available online. The majority of academic libraries also have
access to online resources. However, not every library has a large digital
collection. The Library’s Core Roles Remain Constant. (2020, September 26).
Bluesyemre.
The Importance of Library in our digital world
Libraries have a great role in our life most especially for the students
and educators because of technological advancement, we researchers create
some e-learning materials to catch up with the continuation of innovation of
our technology to survive in the digital age and stay relevant, public libraries
need to be brave and innovative. They must embrace both the physical and
the virtual.
Libraries are having trouble transitioning to the digital era as a result of the
arrival of new technology that has changed some of our reading habits. School
libraries need to be creative and inventive if they want to live and remain
50
relevant in the digital age. Both the real and the virtual must be included. For
students to access digital resources from anywhere in the world with a good
internet connection, libraries must offer more than just books. C.G FABROS,
E. ESTRELLA (2019 SEPTEMBER).
However, with millions of websites, blogs, online instructions, and
online videos, it becomes difficult to distinguish between reliable and
unreliable sources. The school library and librarian will have a role in directing
students and censoring and selecting which books and internet resources to
use. Their research will provide additional insight into the Importance of
Libraries in the Digital Age. They investigate this topic to determine the
obstacles that the school library will confront. This recent study seeks to
ascertain the significance of the digitization of libraries in the digital and
contemporary environment. Often referred to as the "Living Room" of the
school, the library plays a crucial role in fostering the youth's future by offering
access to more effective and productive resources.
Library Services in Covid-19
In facing the challenge of the pandemic caused by covid 19, it has a big
impact, especially on education. And one of the affected is the library, which
was temporarily closed at the same time as schools stopped admitting their
students inside the school. Through technology, we can still access the
traditional library on electronic devices, which helps a lot because even though
50
our country is in a pandemic, the digital library service continues through
online platforms.
The Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on both the effective online
delivery of academic library services as well as online higher education
instruction. In order to keep up with the sudden demand for library services
brought on by the pandemic, all librarians came up with innovative methods
how to promptly tell customers about the new library services. The
modifications were announced in the large yellow alert box at the top of the
library's homepage. After that, all librarians at Bridgewater State University's
Maxwell Library created the Coronavirus and Library Services webpage, which
was often updated. Additionally, the library has actively publicized
improvements to its services on its website, in emails, and on social media
(Mehta & Wang, 2020).
Many libraries still rely on face-to-face interaction as the primary
component of service. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected
libraries this year. The government imposed physical separation measures as
well as other health protocols. Lockdowns and community quarantines were
implemented in the Philippines from March 2020 to the present, forcing
libraries to close temporarily. Those libraries that have reopened must follow
strict guidelines to prevent the virus from spreading. #Digital Libraries in The
50
Philippines – The Library’s Core Roles Remain Constant. (2020, September

26). Bluesyemre. It is clear that public libraries around the world responded
fast to the COVID-19 pandemic, both by modifying their current services and
by launching new ones in order to stay in touch with their patrons (using digital
library systems). Through social media, they shared information and made
operational improvements. They also promoted library services, which range
from e-books and streaming media to virtual programming and back again,
from online knitting communities to virtual storytelling (Micaela, 2020; Perrine,
the Public Library Association anticipates 2020).
Every emergency has an information need, thus libraries and library
professionals need to be ready to deal with it, whether it's for COVID-19 or
something else. The library should continue to provide assistance to its normal
patrons during a pandemic. 2020 (Ali and Gatiti). To break the chain of the
COVID-19 pandemic, almost all the colleges and universities around the world
have been approached to close down and make an instant transition from
face-to-face education to online learning within a few weeks’ time. This has
created a challenge not only for libraries but also for students and teachers
together, over and above the services that the libraries have been providing
prior to the pandemic. Kuwait University Library conducted a survey on its use
of electronic resources (ER) by the faculty of Kuwait University across the 12
colleges during the pandemic. The result shows that 60 percent of

50
respondents were non-users of electronic resources when physical access to

the library was closed. Nearly all colleges and institutions throughout the world
have been asked to shut down and immediately switch from face-to-face
instruction to online learning within a few weeks in order to stop the COVID-19
pandemic. In addition to the services that the libraries were offering previous
to the epidemic, this has presented a problem not only for the libraries but also
for students and instructors as a whole. In order to better understand how
Kuwait University's faculty across its 12 colleges used electronic resources
(ER) during the epidemic, Kuwait University Library undertook a survey. When
physical access to the library was restricted, the results suggest that 60% of
respondents did not use any electronic resources. The reasons for not using
the ER included not being aware of electronic resources, not knowing how to
utilize them, and not having the resources needed (Hendal 2020). In the event
of a pandemic, according to Ali and Gatiti (2020), a librarian's role has three
components: first, "to promote public health awareness by creating and
disseminating information relating to preventive measures; second, to support
research teams, researchers, and faculty by providing information regarding
the latest developments, research, and literature; and third, to meet the core
needs of regular library users." Mehta and Wang (2020) discovered that the
global pandemic has a wide range of effects on customers, library staff who
supply these services, and digital library services. The library is running its
services according to a novel model that it has never used before.

50
The Development of the E-learning Performance
Online Library development is an alternative e-learning material that
we’ve created that students and some teachers can use to access a wealth of
information wherever they are and whenever they need it. The purpose of this
online library is to increase their understanding of e-contents learning and
determine whether it can serve as a substitute for other e-learning resources.
In adaptive e-learning systems, learning styles which refer to students'
chosen learning methods—can be crucial. With an understanding of various
learning styles, the system can provide teachers and students with insightful
suggestions and directives to enhance the learning process. Additionally, the
use of computerized and statistical algorithms in e-learning systems opens the
door to overcoming the limitations of the conventional detection method, which
mostly relies on questionnaires. These alluring explanations have encouraged
an increase in study into the coupling of learning styles and adaptive learning
systems. This paper explores several aspects of the integration process in
great detail by evaluating 51 papers. It covers a wide range of topics, including
the selection of learning styles theories in an online learning environment,
online predictors of learning styles, automatic learning styles classification,
and a wide range of learning styles applications. The findings include
information on various advancements, successes, and unresolved issues in

50
the subject. The report also offers analysis, suggestions, and directives for
further study based on these findings. Huong Maturing, Integrating learning
styles and adaptive e-learning system: Current developments, problems and
opportunities. (2016). Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 1185–1193.
Recent advancements in computer technology have made it possible to
collaborate in real-time over the Internet. Social networks have emerged as a
brand-new social phenomenon that effectively demonstrates real-time
collaboration. They enable communities to share different types of information,
individuals to stay in touch with other users who share their interests, and
ultimately, students and teachers can create new knowledge. Other tools that
might be addressed in this vein include blogs and forums that encourage
discussion and provide answers to many students' questions, cloud
computing, and virtual environments that allow students, teachers, and
professors to share lectures, classes, and other resources. Technological
advancements offer real-time interaction in addition to collaboration. Since
electronic features are utilized as the foundation for information sharing in
order to improve teaching and/or learning, such new technologies are
therefore connected to e-learning, whether directly or indirectly. E-learning
basically allows for distance teaching or learning without necessarily requiring
in-person instruction. Instead, it uses data interchange primarily through
electronic resources such communication networks, most often the Internet. E-

50
learning has been used in many institutions, as well as a variety of training

facilities and schools, thanks to the resources made available by
communication technology. This book offers a well-organized set of chapters
that cover the topic and emphasize the value of online learning. The
exploration of technologies, approaches, advancements, and new
opportunities for distance learning demonstrates how e-learning has changed
through time. "Methodologies, Tools and New Developments for E-Learning."
(2013)
Importance of Digital Resources to Students Learning and Research.
The purpose of this research was to examine the perception of students
toward digital library services at Rizal Technological University in BTVTED-
CSS. A survey method was used in this study, for 50 students from 1st year to
3rd-year BTVTED-CSS that will be selected through a random sample. The
questionnaire was used to collect data. The results of the data will reveal the
level of awareness and utilization among the respondents. Open suggestions
are recommended for improving the digital library services.
It is impossible to exaggerate the value of digital resources in the workplace.
They can be applied in a wide range of contexts, such as conferences, client
acquisition, and business marketing. In other terms, it may be claimed that
digital resources can be used for a range of tasks, such as research,
marketing, and communication. Finally, it may be claimed that the usage of

50
digital resources has dramatically expanded in our lives since the COVID
pandemic. Everyone uses digital resources, regardless of what they are doing
—whether it be in their personal or professional lives, when they are students
or when they are retired. It is not disputed that we now live in a world where
digital resources are a must for survival, and without them, we cannot compete
with others. aks_alone (2020, August 26).
Technology is available in most classrooms. Students have
access to high-quality internet for teaching and studying via laptops and
tablets. Teachers and students can now more easily, quickly, and affordably
access information, learning materials, experts, peers, and a larger community
of educators thanks to today's linked classrooms. Teachers and professors
are connecting with other schools and people who can help them modify their
teaching methods to make the most of the digital tools utilizing social media
platforms like Facebook. On the other side, students are utilizing digital
technology to interact with students around the world and within their own
country to engage in self-directed learning in areas of personal expertise and
interest. (Arora, 2017).
The majority of schools have access to technology. Students can
access high-quality internet access for teaching and learning purposes via
computers and tablets. Today's connected classrooms make it easier, faster,
and less expensive for teachers and students to access information, learning
50
resources, experts, peers, and a larger community of educators. Teachers and

professors are utilizing social media platforms such as Facebook to connect
with other schools and individuals who can assist them in adapting their
teaching practices to make the most of digital tools. Students, on the other
hand, are using digital technologies to connect with other students not only in
their country but around the world in order to engage in self-directed learning
in areas of personal expertise and interest.
Digital learning is already taking place. According to a recent survey,
the following statistics demonstrate that the digital learning revolution is well
underway:
Online testing is used by 52% of high school students.
53% of students in grades 6-12 want to use their own mobile devices for
schoolwork.
57 percent of middle-school students believe online classes give them more

control over their education.
Three out of every five flipped classroom teachers believe that online learning
boosts student confidence and motivation.
77 percent of parents believe that effective technology use is critical to their

child's future.
Sixty percent of district leaders are pleased with the results of digital content
implementation. (Vikas Arora, Why Digital Learning Is So Important For
Teachers and Students, 2017).
50
As a result, it can be concluded that feeling connected is an important
aspect of the student experience. However, student interaction in the learning
process has been challenged as a result of global changes in teaching and
learning in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. As a result of the Covid-19
pandemic, educational institutions around the world have increased their use
of remote, distance, and blended learning methods (Aristovnik et al., 2020;
Motala & Menon, 2020; Osman, 2020; Thistle Thwaite et al., 2020).
Bakeri (2012) noted that the advent of the World Wide Web and
graphical browsers made the internet widely available to people in the 1990s.
Have seized the opportunity to use it for their diverse objectives and agenda.
Currently, students have access to the internet for their research and
academic needs. Various kinds of web Sites have been set up to support a
variety of purposes and ideas. According to libraries, the internet can expand
the scope of their communication through websites since the internet
distributes to the general public a lot of information quickly. Colleges in the
modern world have benefited from this phenomenon by creating their
websites. It is anticipated that the performance of universities would be
influenced by their websites; this is because these websites are being used to
advertise their shows to a broad audience of people. As a result, student
perceptions of the service and collection quality of digital libraries’ accessibility

50
could be assessed by visiting university libraries' websites.

Foreign Literature
Digital Libraries
It appears that the term "digital library" is used in two distinct ways. In
general, academics consider digital libraries as information acquired for the
benefit of user communities, whereas librarians view them as institutions or
services. However, there are disagreements between communities regarding
the meaning and extent of the term "library." In addition, current library
community definitions illuminate the practical challenges that must be
addressed during the transformation of research libraries and universities.
Future trends imply the need for in-depth research and institutional
transformation in digital libraries and libraries. The Current terminology of
uncertainty impedes the development of digital library research and practice,
as well as their ability to communicate the range and impact of their work
People all across the world have been showing a lot of curiosity in
digital libraries. Library of the inscription Cultural Heritage Africa is one
example of a digital library that houses information about cultural heritage
inscription collections, and it has been the focus of numerous scholarly
investigations. Due to a lack of strategic backing, clear rules, and dedicated
financing for the building of digital libraries, Ghana's distant education sector
has been hampered. Readers should feel welcome in today's libraries. Good
50
libraries inspire a lifelong love of reading and foster a culture of avid book
buyers. Libraries have a crucial function as community hubs and cultural hubs,
but also as information repositories and centers for a wide variety of reading
materials. The majority of libraries are run by schools and are strategically
placed to serve local populations. The pervasiveness of information and
communication technologies has facilitated the widespread availability of
digital libraries to a wide audience.
When it comes to making ensuring that relevant information is easily
accessible, digital libraries are crucial conduits. readers can find it, again and
again, the reader community can reap incremental benefits from well-designed
digital libraries and in regard to its practicality. We now have easy access to
extensive digital libraries, and the dissemination of knowledge can be globally
retrieved. To keep readers happy and coming back, as a means of enhancing
digital library resources for the benefit of their users. The value of a digital
library as a research tool is analyzed here. That's why we did this research is
to inquire into and assess the value of digital libraries as information resource
banks, and to articulate how these libraries may be utilized by academics to
better understand and address the challenges facing today's academic
community neither have they been addressed nor are they addressed in the
literature. Digital Library as learning resources - iopscience. (2022)
The goal of this research was to report the results of a literature review
50
on the effects of digital library is a place of education.

Improvement and Innovation of Access.
To start with the e-libraries have made the study more interesting and
become an intellectually organized information resource center and put a
world of knowledge at the researchers' fingers. Adopting a university e-library
helps produce scholars. E-libraries are implemented in Nigerian universities to
give staff and students electronic and online resources to promote education
and supply educational materials for successful teaching, learning, and
research. In particular electronic library achieves their goals by giving on-
demand access to relevant content. The university e-library provides
convenient access to digital information, electronic resources, and electronic
services utilizing computer or telecommunication technologies. A Digital library
acquires, processes, preserves, analyzes, and distributes information
electronically. Also, It can promote national and municipal growth by providing
decision-making and policy-improvement data. The electronic library
comprises data administration, information retrieval, library science, document
management, information systems, the Internet, image analysis, and AI. Due
to its multidisciplinary nature, e-library definitions are flexible. Digital libraries
are defined by their format, structure, and attributes but Ineffective access to
e-resources and services hinders the university's e-purpose. Taylor and
Francis (2013) recommend improving e-resource access and retrieval. They

50
suggested creating and adopting metadata standards to signal 'open' content,

improved identification of free articles in hybrid journals, the permanence of
access and reliable archiving for free content, comprehensive indexing of
quality free resources by discovery systems, consistent usage statistics for
free online content, improved integration of free content with link resolvers,
and development of a wider range of trusted researchers.
Perceptions of usability and usefulness of digital libraries
Academic libraries digitize their unique collections such as textual,
graphic, and multimedia materials. Also, the Digitization projects provide digital
collections that improve academic teaching and learning. Digital libraries are
new, hence research on their discovery, adoption, and use in higher education
is limited. The Perceptions of utility and usability are crucial to user adoption
and success. This research on information system acceptance focuses on
educational digital libraries. It also assesses user impressions of online
teaching and learning tools.
The Study examines academic libraries' digital resources to improve
instruction and learning. In addition, numerous libraries have initiated
digitization projects to make their visual material, maps, manuscripts, audio
and video, and historical sources accessible to students and the public.
A large impact of digital preservation on society. Academic libraries are

50
participating in the digital revolution by digitizing their unique collections of

written, visual, and multimedia resources. At its core, digitizing a literature and
making it publicly accessible creates the conditions for cultural regeneration.
Digitization programs produce digital collections of primary sources to
enhance education and research. Studies studying how DLs (Digital Libraries)
are promoted, embraced, and used in academic settings are scarce because
they are still in their early stages.
The paper offers a succinct summary of the findings from a case study
that looked at the implementation and reception of digital libraries (DL) from
the viewpoints of instructors and their students in two undergraduate courses.
How individuals feel about how helpful and simple to use new information
systems is one of the most crucial variables in encouraging them to use them.
This study contributes to the body of knowledge on the subject of user
acceptability of information systems by focusing on digital libraries for
education. It also looks at how well online digital collections and other teaching
resources work for users.
The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of how
academic libraries use digital resources to enhance current educational
practices. Many libraries have started digitization efforts to update and expand
access to their rare collections of visual media, maps, and manuscripts, audio
and video, and historical primary materials.

50
The E-Learning Definition
In our study, the meaning of e-learning is the most important part of
learning in the creation of an online library, where it can be effectively used by
students studying a bachelor of computer system servicing. Also, in the
development of the website for the online library for students in the CSS
course, e-learning is the system that will support the development of the online
library, it will also be the source of information related to the computer system
course. servicing. Because the purpose of this study is to create a useful
online learning tool by creating a CSS online library as an alternative tool or
materials that students can use in their studies.
E-learning is one of the educational outcomes that has surfaced from
the development of ICT. Its general concept is essentially learning which
involves the usage of any electronic device, from computers to mobile phones,
and which might, or might not, involve the usage of the internet (Web sites+ or
other applications) or an intranet (Local network system). E-learning could be
presented through several resources, for example, computer software and
internet websites. Moreover, other applications have been developed
specifically for e-learning, such as Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs),
which provide the user or the learner with numerous facilities like.
E-learning is a proven instructional approach for transferring essential

50
knowledge, abilities, and attitudes throughout enterprises. Its practicality,

effectiveness, and potential to provide businesses with measurable
advantages are mainly dependent on how it is created, delivered, and
assessed. E-learning has reportedly become a crucial component of 21st-
century education and training that numerous institutions have implemented,
according to Abubakar and Hassan (2013). They covered the ideas of e-
learning and curriculum creation in their paper. The study comes to the
conclusion that e-learning is here to stay and that LIS institutions in the Muslim
world should make every effort to secure its full acceptance and
implementation if they want to establish themselves as major participants in
the LIS education market of the twenty-first century.
Also, one of the benefits of the growth of ICT for education is e-
learning. Its basic premise is that learning involves using electronic devices,
such as computers and smartphones, and may or may not involve using the
internet (Web sites plus other applications) or an intranet (Local network
system). E-learning can be delivered through a variety of resources, such as
online websites and computer programs. Additional e-learning-focused
software has been created, such as Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs),
which offer the user or learner a variety of amenities like access to learning
resources without difficulty, communication with instructors or trainers, and
interaction with peers Due to its accessibility from anywhere at any time, the
50
VLE offers flexible access to learning (Adam &Healy, 2016).

The Adaptation of E-learning
Adapting e-learning during this time of pandemic and the continuation
of innovation in our technology is important, especially for the students to
continue their studies, they use different kinds of platforms that they can use
to provide their needs when it comes to their related courses.
Most of us had to instantly convert to online study at the beginning of the year.
It was difficult and not planned. Because of this, a lot of us have bad opinions
about online education, and for good reason. It does not appear that we will
resume in-person classes anytime soon, though. A COVID-19 infection could
affect both kids and teachers, especially once schools do start again. There's
no doubt that the switch to online learning could have gone far more smoothly.
Additionally, schools should have done more to support teachers and pupils.
The majority of educational institutions run synchronous classrooms, which
means that the class meets virtually at set times. For some students, this style
of class is particularly constricting because it prevents you from getting ahead
on your work. Furthermore, you are unable to work on your own schedule or at
your own pace. These characteristics, however, are seen to be what elevates
online education above traditional classroom instruction. (Kenney et al. 2020).
Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature and Studies

50
The researchers in this study gathered reviews of Literature studies
relevant to their research. In this chapter, the researchers presented their
points of view based on their understanding of each topic contained in this
chapter. After presenting each of their points of view the researcher gathered
review literature and studies that are similar to the study that they conduct and
it will support the topic described based on their research.
The Reviews of literature and studies collected by researchers similar to
the studies they are conducting refer to the presentation of the point of view
that provides support to be Useful in the topic. The researchers in this study
are important to clarify and meaningful the study in creating a user that can be
used by the students and it is a useful tool it is also an alternative material that
can be, used in studies.
Local literature is books, articles, or research that can be found on the
internet when we say local literature this is mainly from our country that is
created by authors who reside in the nation and are researching or studying
referred to as local literature. Local authors may write about matters pertaining
to their own nation, although they frequently concentrate on subjects like
politics, history, society, and culture.
The sources for local literature include government websites or local
news media. Local Studies: These are investigations and other studies carried
50
out in our community or country. For instance, a study of crime in the US

would be considered national, whereas a study of crime in the Philippines
would be considered local. Books, periodicals, and newspapers published
locally are referred to as local since they were either produced around where
they are sold or where they have an impact on the public's attitude (such as in
a city council meeting). Local radio and television programming are created in
the cities where it will be broadcast or streamed. Television series are created
by international firms like Netflix, Amazon, and Hulu and are accessible
worldwide for viewing or listening.
Information is electronically acquired, processed, preserved, analyzed,
and distributed through a digital library. By supplying statistics for decision-
making and policy improvement, it can also encourage national and municipal
growth. Data management, information retrieval, library science, document
management, information systems, the Internet, image analysis, and AI are all
included in the electronic library. Definitions of electronic libraries might vary
due to their multidisciplinary character. The format, structure, and qualities of
digital libraries characterize them, but the university's e-purpose is hampered
by ineffective access to e-resources and services.
In order to enhance teaching and learning, the study looks at the digital
resources available in academic libraries. A lot of libraries have also started
digitization initiatives to make their historical sources, audio and video
recordings, maps, manuscripts, and visual materials available to the general

50
public and students.

A researcher is a person who digs into a topic with the hopes of
learning more about it and perhaps even making some new discoveries. The
university e-libraries have made research more interesting by becoming a hub
of knowledge for academics thanks to the well-organized collection of digital
resources the e-library. Due to adopting an online library at the university.
The natural progression for training future scholars, Researchers,
students, faculty, and the university as a whole can all benefit from adopting
an e-library system. E-libraries have been introduced in Nigerian educational
institutions to provide faculty and students with access to electronic and online
resources in an effort to improve the quality of education and provide access
to relevant course materials. Although the primary function of an electronic
library is to allow users convenient access to and retrieval of relevant content
that can be customized to their specific research needs.
Access to digital information, electronic information resources, and
electronic information services via computer or telecommunication technology
is the primary function of the university's e-library. A digital library collects
data, organizes it, stores it, analyzes it, and then makes it available to data-
hungry users online. It can serve as a means to national and local growth by
providing the relevant information needed for decision-making and policy
reform.
The term "electronic library" refers to a wide range of computer

50
scientific disciplines, including data management, information retrieval, library

science, document management, information systems, the World Wide Web,
image analysis, and artificial intelligence. As a result of the electronic library's
multidisciplinary nature, which encourages flexibility in its definitions, it is
challenging to offer a single definition of e-library. What a digital library actually
is can be better understood by looking at its structure, format, and other
defining features. The Concerns about access and retrieval of digital
information resources are a major issue for E-librarians working in academic
libraries.
Digital preservation has a big influence on Society. In its essence, the
digitizing of literature and making it publicly available creates the conditions for
cultural regeneration by digitizing their one-of-a-kind collections of written,
visual, and multimedia resources, academic libraries are taking part in the
digital revolution. In order to improve education and research, digitization
initiatives create digital collections of primary sources. Since DLs (Digital
Libraries) are still in their infancy, there is a lack of studies examining how they
are promoted, adapted, and utilized in academic settings.
The article provides a concise summary of the findings from a case
study that examined digital libraries (DL). The implementation and reception in
two undergraduate courses from the perspectives of instructors and their
students. One of the most important factors in getting people to use new
information systems is how they feel about how valuable and easy to use they
50
are. Focusing on digital libraries for education, this study adds to the body of
literature on the topic of user acceptance of information systems. It also
examines the user experience of digital collections and other educational tools
available online.
The goal of this study is to better understand how academic libraries
are using digital collections to improve today's education. To modernize and
make more widely available their rare holdings of visual media, maps,
manuscripts, audio, and video, and historical primary sources, many libraries
have launched digitization programs.
50
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter included a full discussion of the research design
description and methodologies. The researchers will record how the pertinent
data and information acquired answers to the research purpose using the
questions that have been posted. All the components of the research design
are the research instrument, data sources, analytical methods, data collection
methods, and data presentation methods were justified, examined, and
presented.
Research Design
The researcher utilized a quantitative method of research to determine
the effectiveness of creating CSS Online Library: An Alternative e-Learning
Materials for BTVTED- CSS Students of RTU Boni Campus. The researcher
50
will be used a descriptive evaluative research design that is centrally

concerned with the determining of collecting data of probability and non-
probability sampling.
A survey will be used as the study’s data gathering tool. The data will
be used was gathered by conducting a survey of 25 2 nd Year College
BTVTED-CSS Students.
Human resource management (HRM) scholars have been attempting to
explain the connection between (bundles of) HRM practices and performance
for a number of decades (Jiang et al., 2012, 2013). Although the relationship
between HRM and performance was initially investigated at the organizational
level, an expanding body of research has turned the emphasis to the
employee level (Boon et al., 2019; Guest, Renkema et al., 2017). A growing
body of research has demonstrated that employee perceptions of HRM
practices are favorably related to employee performance, including task
performance (Den Hartog et al., 2013) and citizenship behaviors (Alfes et al.,
2012; Kehoe & Wright, 2013).
Researchers have asked for a better separation between various sorts
of employee reports of HRM practices notwithstanding the compelling
evidence linking employee reports of HRM practices to improved performance

50
(Beijer et al., 2019; Boon et al., 2019; Edgar & Geare, 2014). In particular,
some studies view employee reports of HRM practices as employee
descriptions of the presence of specific HRM activities (Kehoe & Wright,
2013), whereas others see employee-reported HRM as the employees'
emotional assessment of the utility of HRM activities (Meijerink et al., 2016;
Paré & Tremblay). To make reporting on HRM activities more clear, scholars
suggested two different approaches, one focusing on descriptive reports that
reflect employee experiences of HRM presence (which are more or less
factual in nature) versus evaluative reports that represent employees'
affectively charged assessments of HRM activities (Beijer et al., 2019; Boon et
al., 2019; Edgar & Marescaux et al., 2012). It's critical to distinguish between
descriptive and evaluative reports because different mediating mechanisms
explain how employee-reported HRM practices relate to employee
performance. Many HRM researchers have adopted an attitudes-based
perspective to propose that HRM practices reported by employees affect
employee performance by fostering desired job attitudes (i.e. affective
commitment and job satisfaction), as noted by several meta-synthesis studies
(Jiang et al., 2013; Paauwe & Blok, 2015). (Kehoe & Wright, 2013; Purcell &
Hutchinson). Other scholars have proposed that HRM improves performance
by giving resources (such as skills and empowerment) that employees may
reinvest by working hard at their jobs (Hobfoll, 2001). (Boon & Kalshoven,
2014; Peccei et al., 2013).

50
Quantitative research is a research strategy that focuses on
quantifying the collection and analysis of data. It is formed from a deductive
approach where emphasis is placed on the testing of theory, shaped by
empiricist and positivist philosophies. The objective of quantitative research is
to develop and employ mathematical models, theories, and hypotheses
pertaining to phenomena. The process of measurement is central to
quantitative research because it provides the fundamental connection
between empirical observation and mathematical expression of quantitative
relationships. Quantitative data is any data that is in numerical form such as
statistics, percentages, etc. The researcher analyses the data with the help of
statistics and hopes the numbers will yield an unbiased result that can be
generalized to some larger population. Wikimedia Foundation. (2022)
Descriptive evaluative research is the collection of data describing
some phenomenon that may or may not be quantifiable such as close-ended
scales, open-ended survey questions, observation, and interviews. The
purpose of the research is to evaluate or measure the results against some
known or hypothesized standards.
Population, Sample Size, and Sample Technique
The subjects were 25 Second Year College, and 25 were BTVTED
CSS Students, this study is only focused on BTVTED CSS Students at Rizal
50
Technological University, it does not cover other courses. The researcher

chose purposive sampling because BTVTED-CSS Second year college
students were the only respondents considered. The samples were selected
with criteria based on the research questions. Ten questions "Very high
Acceptable" "Highly Acceptable" “Acceptable" “Moderately Acceptable” and
"Least Acceptable" was prepared by the researcher to identify the relationship
between the demographic profile of the respondents and their scale of
accessibility of the developed online library. The research will be used a
purposive sampling strategy that falls under the method of non-probability
sampling. Using a non-probability sampling using sampling method where the
chances of any member being chosen for one cannot compute a sample. In
contrast to probability sampling, where the odds can be calculated. Non-
probability sampling's guiding principle is that each object has an equal
chance of getting chosen.
Description of Respondents
The student population of Rizal Technological University is generally
coming from 2nd Year BTVTED - CSS. The selected groups were assigned
twenty-five (25) students each. They are described according to their profile
such as Gender (Male and Female), Age, and Year level.
A survey questionnaire will be used to collect data for this research
that help to validate the findings; the findings from the instruments converge to
50
present the result of this research. The data will be gathered through a survey
and computed using frequency and percentage distributions. Also, purposive
sampling will be used in the collection of respondents’ data which are the
BTVTED-CSS Students of RTU Boni Campus. The data were obtained and
statistically analyzed and presented in tabular form.
Research Instrument(s)
The information will be gathered using a well-designed questionnaire to
elicit the data that is required to assess the effectiveness of the e-learning for
Rizal Technological University’s BTVTED – CSS 2nd-year students.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researcher adapted the research questions form through their Self-
Assessment. The respondents are given choices “Very highly Acceptable"
"Highly Acceptable" “Acceptable” "Moderately Acceptable" and Least
Acceptable " for the researchers to know if the CSS-Library website is
effective to use as an alternative e-learning material.
The researcher has sought the approval and validation of the research
instrument to check the clarity and usefulness of the research questions in this
study.
After the approval of the research instrument, the researcher created
google forms to conduct the survey followed by the dissemination of the

50
questionnaire through messenger on BTVTED – CSS 2nd-year Students.

Statistical Treatment of Data
The collected data will be collected, interpreted, presented, organized,
tabulated, and will be statistically analyzed. Descriptive measures, including
frequency, and percentage will be used in the study.
1. Frequency and Percentage Distribution.
Will be used to determining the percentage usually for data on profile
(e.g. Age, Gender, Year level, etc.)
Formula:
F
P= ×100 %
N
Where;
P - represents the percentage
F- represents the frequency
N- is the number of the respondents
100 = Constant multiplier
2. Weighted Mean.
- In statistical treatment data. The researchers adapt a statistic

50
tool that will be used to compute and analyzed the weight of the
collecting data of response in the survey instrument, and the
question that is assigned by the researchers to the respondents
during the actual dissemination of the data gathering procedure.
The formula for the weighted mean that will be used is in the
following.
Formula:
Σ[( f ) ( w ) ]
x=
n
Where:
X = weighted mean
F = frequencies to be given
W = weight
N = total number of respondents
3. Likert Scale – The linkert scale is the level of Acceptability of survey
instrument, it is a guide of formulating the data collecting in survey
instrument in the data gathering procedure, and it interpreted of 5-likert
scale.
50
T-test formula-
Scale Weighted mean/ Level of Acceptability
equivalent
5 4.3-5.00 Very high Acceptable
4 3.5-4.2 Highly Acceptable
3 2.7-3.4 Acceptable
2 1.9-2.6 Moderately Acceptable
1 1-1.8 Least Acceptable

50

Paper Research Chapter123 CSS ONLINE LIBRARY AN ALTERNATIVE LEARNING MATERIALS REVISED ONGOING

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Paper Research Chapter123 CSS ONLINE LIBRARY AN ALTERNATIVE LEARNING MATERIALS REVISED ONGOING

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

RIZAL TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

CSS ONLINE LIBRARY: AN ALTERNATIVE E-LEARNING MATERIALS

An Undergraduate Thesis Presented to the Faculty

In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

PARTOZA, ARRIANNE MAY

CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Subtitles of each Literature/Studies in thematic approach)

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER 4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Appendix 1 Sample Survey Questionnaire . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

The amount of information produced daily has expanded substantially

items as cloud storing capacity and archiving facilities increase to be able to

information. Collaboration is essential to enlarging the global network and

enhancing information sharing. Academic personnel, administrative workers,

knowledge. The involvement of librarians in reorganizing research and

creating research programs is expanding. As digitization advances quickly,

librarians are being challenged to take on educational and technological tasks

as well as maintain a consistent level of skill upkeep. Librarians must stay up

to obtain the level of knowledge on which their institutions rely, institutions

(2021, February 24).

E-learning, often known as online learning or electronic learning, is the

process of learning through electronic media and technologies. E-learning is

described as "learning that is enabled electronically" in plain English. E-

those in our prior articles. (Tamm, 2020).

In order to ensure meaningful learning, e-learning necessitates

extensive "planning, preparing, and executing," according to 2019 research

from the Digital Learning Collaborative.

According to the report, for e-learning to be successful, teachers must

be ready to provide online training, and students must be ready to learn

and devices required to support e-learning initiatives, accommodations for

requirements for students whose first language is not English.

Infrastructure for student technology is another crucial factor. Schools

connective capacity, for instance, if broadband connections aren't easily

accessible or cost-effective. (Bonderud, 2020).

Information and communication technology, or ICT. The name implies

Computers, satellites, wireless technology, and the Internet are examples of

audio-visual. The most recent innovations are mentioned, together with a

collection of straightforward audio-visual tools like presentations, radio,

cassettes, and movies. (Kaur, 2021).

ICT in education makes learning accessible to all kinds of students. All

resources they need for learning.

Libraries have historically played important roles in education. The first

years ago. It attracted intellectuals from throughout the Mediterranean who

of the ancient world. In today's discourse on the National/Global Information

Infrastructure (N/GII), examples of how the enormous amounts of information

provided by global networks (i.e., digital libraries) will be applied in educational

contexts are frequently provided.

Paperless society, electronic resources, portal 7 gateway, and global

the rapid development of information and communication technology. Today,

academics and research.

The Freedom of Information Program was implemented in the

Philippines in response to the public's right to information. It advocates for

agencies, except any that could endanger or damage national security.

Government organizations in the Philippines now make papers available

online, including publications, memos, forms, and financial data. (Marciano,

following features. The digital library is made up of a variety of services, a

collection of information items, users' support for those objects, management

and preservation of those objects, direct or indirect accessibility, and

electronic/digital accessibility. The main goals of a digital library are to

increase access and save mloney while simultaneously preserving