Introduction 3 Derived Units: ‘These are units which are derived or dependent on fundamental or base units. For example, the units of force, work, power, density, area, volume, velocity and acceleration; are derived units. 1.3.2 Systems of units There are four systems of units which are as follows: M.K.S. (Metre-Kilogram-Second) system CGS, (Centimetre-Gram-Second) system EPS. (Foot-Pound-Second) system S.L (International System) system The units of length, mass and time in the first three systems are defined by individual name of the system. Different countries have adopted one of the first three systems based on thei choice and convention followed by the scientific community. However, that has led to some confusion and inconvenience, particularly when conversion of one unit becomes necessary in order to apply in another country based on the system the latter follows. Thus to avoid confusion, a universal standard for units was framed, known as the SI units at the Eleventh General Conference of Weights and Measures held during 1960 in Paris. SI units in French and English is referred as Syste‘me Internationale d’ Unite’s and International System of Units, respectively. This system is now widely used all over the world. In India ST units are being used since 1957 after a statutory decision. Table 1.1 SI Units Types of Units | Physical Quantity Unit Symbol Base Units ‘amount of substance mole mol current ampere A length metre m luminous intensity, candela cd mass kilogram kg temperature kelvin k time second s Supplementary Units [plane angle radian rad solid angle steradian sr Derived units with [force N distinct name frequency Hz power w pressure, stress Pa ]work, heat, energy J