Glossary

Chapter 1

acquaintance (N) someone you have met, but don't know well

attend (V) if you attend an institution such as a school, college, or church, you go
there regularly

close friends (N) friends who are close to each other like each other very much and
know each other very well

co-worker (N) someone that works at the same job, department, or company as you

colleague (N) a person you work with, especially in a professional job

date (V) when you go out with a person regularly because you are having a
romantic relationship with them

get a bad grade (V) to receive a low mark on an exam or assignment due to poor
performance or skill

have practice (V) to gather with your teammates to train and play games in order to
prepare for competition

just friends (PHRASE) a phrase usually relating to two people that are very close but
do not share romantic feelings for one another

pass an exam (V) to meet the minimum requirements or answer a certain amount of
questions correctly for a test

take a class (V) be enrolled in a course at a school or institute

take a lesson (V) have instruction on how to do something

tutor (N) someone who gives private lessons to one student or a very small
group of students
(V) to help someone study

work together (V) when you have to do something with another person
Chapter 2

bad habit (N) something that you do regularly that has a negative effect on you or others

balanced diet (N) the food you eat everyday that is considered healthy and includes a variety of nutrients
from different sources

benefit (N) the help or advantage you get from something

cut back (V) reduce something

delicious (ADV) have a very pleasant taste

eat out (V) when you go to a restaurant to consume food instead of cooking it yourself

eliminate (V) to remove something completely

fried (ADJ) when food has been cooked in a pan that contains hot fat or oil

increase (V) become greater

juicy (ADJ) food that has a lot of juice in it and is very enjoyable to eat

lifestyle (N) the living conditions, behavior, and habits that are typical of a person or group

plenty (ADJ) a large amount of something, often more than is needed

protect (V) to prevent someone or something from being harmed or damaged

salty (ADJ) something that contains salt or tastes of salt

separate (ADJ) when the two things are apart and are not connected

spicy (ADJ) food that's strongly flavored with spices

sweet (ADJ) food or drink that contains a lot of sugar

tastes like (V) the quality something has when you put it in your mouth, for example: is sweet or salty
Chapter 3

by accident (PHRASE) when something happens completely by chance

explain (V) when you give details about something or describe it so that it can be understood

figure out (V) succeed in solving or understanding a solution to a problem or the reason for something

good luck (N) success or good things that happen to you, that do not come from your own abilities or
efforts

investigate (V) try to find out what happened or what is the truth in an event, situation, or claim

lucky (ADJ) when someone has something that is very desirable or when they are in a very
desirable situation

make sense (V) succeed in understanding something

mystery (N) something that is not understood or known about

on purpose (PHRASE) when you do something intentionally

proof (N) a fact, argument, or piece of evidence showing that something is true or exists

prove (V) show by means of argument or evidence that something is definitely true

reunite (V) when people meet each other again after they have been separated for some time

separate (ADJ) when the two things are apart and are not connected

solve (V) find a solution or an answer to a problem or a question

take a chance (PHRASE) when you try to do something although there is a large risk of danger or failure

theory (N) a formal idea or set of ideas intended to explain something and which is capable of being
tested

unfortunately (ADV) regretfully

work out (V) happen or progress in a satisfactory way

Chapter 4

almost (ADV) very nearly but not completely

average (N) the result that you get when you add two or more numbers together and divide the total
by the number of numbers you added together

baggy (ADJ) when a piece of clothing hangs loosely on your body

casual (ADJ) casual clothes are ones that you normally wear at home or on vacation, and not on
formal occasions

conservative (ADJ) traditional, or liking the old ways

dramatic (N) lipstick, eye shadow, and powder which some women put on their faces
makeup

drop (V) quickly becomes less

half (N) one of two equal parts that together make up the whole

in style (ADJ) popular or trendy

look (N) have a particular appearance or expression

one half (N) one of two equal parts that together make up the whole

over (PREP) more than

percent (N) a fraction of an amount expressed as a particular number of hundredths

piercing (N) jewelry that penetrates the flesh

pointy shoes (N) footwear that has parts that stick out sharply

quarter (N) one of four equal parts of something

retro (ADJ) based on the styles of the past

ripped jeans (N) denim pants that have holes in them and are designed to look very worn intentionally

rise (N) an increase

skinny jeans (N) denim pants that are very narrow in the leg

sloppy (ADJ) something that has been done in a careless and lazy way

sporty (ADJ) someone who is sporty likes playing sports

thousands (QUAN) if you refer to thousands of things or people, you are emphasizing that there are very
many of them

trend (N) a change or development toward something different

twice (ADV) when something happens two times

Chapter 5

a long time (V) a period of time that feels distant from the present day which is relative to
each individual

catch a cab (V) when you get in a taxi in order to travel somewhere

commute (V) when you travel a long distance to work every day

do the chores (V) completing unpleasant but necessary tasks

do the dishes (V) cleaning your plates, bowls, glasses, and silverware

do the laundry (V) cleaning your clothes

drop off (V) take something to a place and leave it there

go grocery shopping (V) to purchase foods that you buy at a grocery or at a supermarket

mail (V) when you send something to someone by mail

make a reservation (N) when you arrange for something such as a table in a restaurant or a room
in a hotel to be kept for you

make an appointment (V) arrange to see someone at a particular time

make dinner (V) to prepare the last meal of the day, which is usually served in the evening

on time (V) to arrive at a destination at a predetermined time

pass (the) time (doing (V) spend it in that way

something)

ride a bike (V) when you ride a bicycle or a motorcycle, you sit on it, control it, and travel
along on it

run an errand (V) to take a short trip that you make in order to do a job

running late (V) to arrive at a destination later than a predetermined time

spend time (V) if you spend time or energy doing something, you use your time or effort
doing it

stuck in traffic (PHRASE) to be caught in a area stopped with lots of cars while you are
driving

subway (N) an underground railroad

sweep (V) if you sweep an area of floor or ground, you push dirt or garbage off it
using a brush with a long handle
take (someone) to (a place) (V) to transport someone or something to a place for a specific reason

take a break (V) rest or change from what you are doing for a short period

take the dog for a walk (V) to bring your dog outside and walk it around for exercise

travel by bike (V) to go from one place to another while riding a bike

travel by bus (V) to go from one place to another while riding in a bus

travel by car (V) to go from one place to another while riding in a car

travel by plane (V) to go from one place to another while riding in a plane

travel by subway (V) to go from one place to another while riding in a subway car

travel by taxi (V) to go from one place to another while riding in a taxi

travel by train (V) to go from one place to another while riding in a train

travel on foot (V) to go from one place to another while walking

vacuum (V) to use a suction device to clean your floor or rug

Chapter 6

admit (V) allow to enter it or join something

after graduation (PHRASE) the period of time that occurs after one graduates from
school or university

apply to (V) write a letter or fill out a form in order to ask formally for a job or
membership of an organization

competition (N) a situation in which two or more people or groups are trying to get
something which not everyone can have

decide (V) choose to do something, usually after you have thought carefully
about other possibilities

get accepted to (V) allow a person to join an organization or group

graduate (V) complete their studies successfully and leave their school or
university

in a few days (PHRASE) a phrase indicating that something will occur two or three
days from the present

in the near future (PHRASE) a phrase indicating that something will occur very soon
from the present time

in two hours (PHRASE) a phrase indicating that something will occur in two hours
from the present time

next week (PHRASE) a phrase indicating that something will occur sometime
during the week that follows the present one

one of these days (PHRASE) a phrase indicating that something will occur eventually,
most likely sooner than later

recommendation (N) something that tells how highly another thinks of him or her

someday (ADV) at some future time

soon (ADV) will happen after a short time

sooner or later (ADV) at some uncertain future time

the day after tomorrow (ADV) If something is going to happen the day after tomorrow, it will
happen in two days

this summer (ADV) the summer that is approaching

Chapter 7

be held (V) to take place

celebrate (V) when you do something enjoyable because of a special occasion

contest (N) a competition or game that people try to win

first prize (N) a reward for winning a contest

full (ADJ) have plenty of something, so you don?t want any more

gather (V) come together in a group

get together (V) meet as a small group

have a good time (V) to enjoy yourself

host (N) the person who has invited the guests and provides the food, drink, or
entertainment at a party

host a party (V) invite guests and provide the food, drink, or entertainment

invite (V) ask someone to come to a party or event

participate (N) take part in

perform (V) to play music, dance, or act in front of an audience

plan a party (V) decide in detail what you are going to do for a party before it happens

race (N) a competition to see who is the fastest

root for (V) to cheer for someone or something

wild (ADJ) wild behavior is uncontrolled, excited, or energetic

win (V) do better than everyone else

Chapter 8

be based on (N) a story that was inspired by events that actually occurred

be hooked on (V) to be addicted to something

brave (ADJ) willing to do things that are dangerous, and does not show fear in difficult or
dangerous situations

character (N) who a book, movie, or play is about

clever (ADJ) someone who is intelligent and able to understand things easily or plan things
well

eventually (ADV) in the end, especially after a lot of delays, problems, or arguments

follow (V) to keep up with the news of a particular person or group

happy ending (N) a positive conclusion to something

incredible (ADJ) something that is very unusual or surprising, and you cannot believe it is really
true, although it may be

make up (V) to invent a situation and describe it to others for entertainment

overcome (V) when you successfully deal with a problem and control it

predictable (ADJ) it is obvious in advance that it will happen

realistic (ADJ) recognize and accept something's true nature and try to deal with it in a
practical way

soap opera (N) a television drama series about the lives and problems of a group of people

struggle (V) try hard

survive (V) manage to live or continue in spite of difficulties

tell a story (V) to entertain or inform others by describing true or fictitious events

the same old story (PHRASE) a phrase describing something that happens very often

true story (N) events that actually occurred

TV series (N) a set of programs of a particular kind which have the same title

uneducated (ADJ) does not have a high standard of learning

Chapter 9

be out of a job (ADJ) to not have a job, but want one

cautious (ADJ) someone who gives serious attention to what they are doing,
in order to avoid damage or mistakes

courageous (ADJ) someone who shows bravery

dead-end job (N) a job that has no future prospects or opportunities to be

promoted

demanding (ADJ) requires a lot of time, energy, or attention

diverse (ADJ) made up of a wide variety of things

dream job (N) a position that you'd rather have over any other

dull (ADJ) not interesting or exciting

efficient (ADV) done successfully, without wasting time or energy

exhausting (ADJ) makes you very tired

flexible (ADJ) accepts changes easily

hazardous (ADJ) dangerous

independent (ADJ) do not need help or money from anyone else

knowledgeable (ADJ) know a lot about many different things or a lot about a
particular subject

pleasant (ADJ) something that is enjoyable or attractive

punctual (ADV) when you do something or arrive somewhere at the right

time and are not late

rewarding (ADJ) gives you satisfaction or brings benefits

steady (ADJ) develops gradually and is not likely to change quickly

unpredictable (ADJ) cannot tell what someone will do or how they are going to
behave
Chapter 10

allowed (ADJ) all right for them to do it

answer a phone (V) to accept an incoming call

banned (ADJ) officially prevented from doing it

be on the phone (V) the state of being in the middle of a conversation with someone on the phone

call back (V) to contact someone through phone after they unsuccessfully tried to call you

check your messages (V) to call your voicemail and listen to recorded messages that were left when you missed phone
calls

delete (V) remove

get a call (V) when someone tries to reach you through the phone

get a message (V) to receive a oral note from someone when you missed their phone call

hang up the phone (V) to end a phone conversation by setting the phone down

ignore (V) pay no attention

leave a message (V) to record a message on someone's answering machine

lower your voice (V) to soften your speech to decrease its volume

make a call (V) to dial a number on a phone in order to talk to someone else

polite (ADJ) has good manners and is not rude to other people

respond (V) react to something

rude (ADJ) impolite

screen your calls (V) to not answer calls because you are avoiding someone or many people

selfish (N) care only about themselves and not about other people

send a text (V) to type a short message to another person with your cell phone

take a message (V) to hear a message that's for meant for someone else with the intent of telling them at a later time

thoughtful (ADJ) quiet and serious because you are thinking about something

turn off your phone (V) to shut down your cellular device

turn up (V) increase the amount

Chapter 11

affect (V) to influence or change in some way

affordable (N) something that most people have enough money to buy

area (N) a particular part of a town, a country, a region, or the world

consume (V) to use it up

convenient (ADJ) something that is easy, useful, or suitable for a particular purpose

disposable (ADJ) a product is designed to be thrown away after it has been used

durable (ADJ) strong and lasts a long time without breaking or becoming weaker

effect (N) the change that something causes

location (N) where something happens or is situated

portable (ADJ) easily carried or moved

practical (ADJ) likely to work in a real situation

prevent (N) to make not happen

recycle (V) use again

reduce (V) make it smaller

reliable (ADJ) trusted to work well

restore (V) to cause something to return to a previous place or condition

transform (V) to change completely

Chapter 12

baggage claim (N) the area where you collect your baggage at the end of your trip

boarding pass (N) a card that a passenger must have when boarding a plane or a boat

carry-on luggage (N) bags you have with you in an airplane, rather than ones that are carried in
the hold

check-in counter (N) at an airport, a check-in is the counter or desk where you hand in your ticket
for a flight

confirm the flight plans (V) to make the plans to travel on a plane definite

empty the trash (V) to remove the contents of a bin filled with waste

exchange money (V) to give one form of currency in return for another

flight attendant (N) someone whose job is to serve or help people in an airplane

give away any fresh foods (V) to take food from your home to give to others because you will not consume
it before it becomes inedible

give the house keys to a (V) to put the keys to your home in the possession of someone you trust in case
friend of an emergency when you are away from your home

overhead compartment (N) a storage space that's located above a seat

oxygen mask (N) a device worn over the nose and mouth through which oxygen is supplied
from a storage tank

pay the bills (V) to exchange money for services that you use

stop the mail delivery (V) to request that the post office not send letters to an address indefinitely or
for a period of time

tray table (N) a surface that folds out of the back of a seat on an airplane

turn off the lights (V) to shut off the electricity by flicking a switch

unplug electrical items (V) to pull a wire out of an outlet so that it stops working

water the plants (V) pour water over plants in order to help them to grow