CHAPTER 4 MASS DENSITY Es ave 0 yet, g* RT Re 17 fw aiv ow anon T= Temp. nm Relm (0° + 13) Ps Nn ow Po alos. pressure, SPECIFIC VOLUME \s = a UNIT WEIGHT : Wweidjnt - volume : ee) SPECIFIC GRANTTY gs Prigaid 7 Cans Prater RavViscostry t We Absolute [aywaoic visuosthy , Po see A = a TL = Shea stress /s Uz. Nelo yt distonve, between gates ne ion r= kinemahe vissashy, me e wre: Lee : | sti 0.1 Pa-see p,0001 w/e SURFACE “TENSION \e ce b= 4v pe Preliue inside a dniplet of ligud d =: suwfaw tentio, Iva d = diande of droplet CAPILLARY r we Fk he 40 we ee Pa Aatnys ofA xd * eo yd EUs ede he al CuAss PLATE ey [any = Ob? AY vd heCOMPRESSIBILITY @=- av 7 y . Vole, pexcarhs dP precsure, BULK MODULE OF ELASTIUTY rae a | dP : Shvece, oy ty Y AN Strain PRECCURE DISTURENNGES (WAVES) A {= 7 i Nr PP IDEAL GAS |SENTROFIL 0 hh = Pw OR ib (hy =Problem 1 - 29 A vertical cylindrical tank with a diameter of 12 m and a depth of 4 m is filled with water to the top with water at 20°C. If the water is heated to 50°C, how much water will spill over? Unit weight of water at 20°C and 50°C is 9.79 kN/m® and 9.69 KN/m®, respectively. Ans: 4.7 m3 PROBE 29 lam Ts re Yo = 179 Ely? = | Test he ea MKS ™m ¢ 4 Vet lz - 1)» clk) @ (x 1s Tis 4 = 4.669 m°Problem 1 - 30 A rigid steel container is partially filled with a liquid at 15 atm, The volume of the liquid is 1.23200 L. Ata Pressure of 30 atm, the volume of the liquid is 1.23100 L. Find the average bulk modulus of elasticity of the liquid over the given range of pressure if the temperature after compression is allowed return to its initial value. What is the coefficient of compressibility? 3 Ans: Eg = 1.872 GPa; B = 0.534 GPat PRoBLEM I> 20 a b= Sot Py = 3D om Ey z° S Nez (132b Mee IAL SIU, p<: Chess dP (40-15 J xW1-376 x10? So Fees 8 “e stain av), laal - 1a 1.23Problem 1 - 31 Calculate the density of water vapor at 350 kPa abs'and 20° Cif its gas constant is 0.462 kPa-m3/kg-°K Ans: 2.59 kg/m} PRoGLEM +21 P= 3S0kPa abs We OPG 3 a R= 0.461 kPa - n° /ko - R oe L-SBE ko {va? Qe cop 0.461 x (40 +273) ts aProblem 1 - 32 Air is kept at a pressure of 200 kPa and a temperature of 30°C in a 500-L. container. What is the mass of the air? Ans: 1.15 kg PROWEM 1-30 5 P= Wokta a T= 30°C Ve S0ou % 100 10 _ m = ae Ne me ss - Ry US71 ¥ (272430) 00 is) a 4 S1-33 m} of nitrogen at 30°C and 125 kPa abs is permitted to expand ly to 30 m3, what is the resulting pressure? (b) What would the and temperature have been if the process had been isentropic? Ans: (a) 50 kPa abs (b) 34.7 kPa abs; -63°C * a. Pik? PaNle b. Ph* = Mh 5 keh las «r= +30 vasaii* = e930" Py 2 SO RRa eg aco te Re) a tN nh 1) Vs+te _ (2 Ta U13+ 30 Bye GP iliac1-34 square block weighing 1.1 kN and 250 mm on an edge slides down an ‘on a film of oil 6.0 pm thick. Assuming a linear velocity profile in the neglecting air resistance, what is the terminal velocity of the block? ity of oil is 7 mPa-s. Angle of inclination is 20°. M = TmPa-s Bee ‘Wsin o* aw Fe Wsne Lect” w A 2 NPY pn '/ ge” Sa T¥IV @ Y7 oe? aus os Ue ods? » 2107? Ove" x 1% Nog wr S.ieo m/e1-35 t 20°C has a viscosity of 0.000651 Pa-s. What shear stress is required this fluid at a strain rate of 4900 51? a : Ans: t= 3.19 Pa PROKEW [3S AL= 0000651 Pa-¢ GS a as = 499057 x u - — tae Ce M a 3 5) t? Q. wo bs! » 400 t= 3.140 Pa‘mm in diameter is being pushed at a speed of 400 mm/s through a exerted by the oil in the shaft. Www V = 0-098 w/c x Sp. y 0.4 aw ON oes Oe 4/4 J “My Ka ve a G DoS = ae F /q« v.07 x0. ldod «9.9 ac Fhs9.07 296 0. & / 9.9901 M = 4S fae ge 184.601) 70.2 mm in diameter and 250 mm long. The clearance, assumed filled with oil at 20°C with v = 0.005 m?/s and sp. gr. = 0.9. Find Ans: 987 NEs allel glass plates, separated by a distance d = 1.5 mm, are dipped water. How far does the water rise due to capillary action, ifo = 2 . . Ans: 9.94 mm ; PRopLEM 1-37 ye BE 2 BERR c 9.4030 va agin |e 1000Problem 1 - 38 | Find the angle the surface tension film leaves the glass for a vertical tubal immersed in-water if the diameter is 0.25 inch and the capillary rise is 50 inch. Use o = 0.005 Ib/ft. Ans: 64.3° 40! cord Yd he= n0B A x OMS aM by eke e Gr. x 2s WSF = 0,08 x 62-4 x0 \Lx V* 4x 0.005 ~ @ = b4wProblem 1 - 39 What force is required to lift a thin wire ring 6 cm in diameter from a water _ surface at 20°C? (o of water at 20°C = 0.0728 N/m). Neglect the weight of the ring. | Ans: 0.0274 N eo wd” >» We < Cirferences 1