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D The three primary forms of creative nonfiction both tells a life story and still
confusing since they all share a very similar characteristic.
Simply put, a biography is the life history of an individual, written by someone else. An
autobiography is the story of a person’s life, written by that person. And a memoir is a collection
of memories written by the person themselves (Blurb, 2020).
Try to activate your prior knowledge about biography, autobiography, and memoir. Are they
just the same with the elements and techniques that you have learned in your Creative Writing
class?
LEARNING TASK 1. Using the the K-W-L chart, write down on the first column (K) the
things you know about “biography, autobiography, and memoir”, while on the second column,
write the things that you want to learn about the said word. Leave the last column blank as you
will do this on the latter part of the lesson. Do this in your notebook.
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FORMS OF CREATIVE NONFICTION: BIOGRAPHY,
AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND MEMOIR
The three primary forms of creative nonfiction both tells a life story and still confusing
since they all share a very similar characteristic.
Simply put, a biography is the life history of an individual, written by someone else. An
autobiography is the story of a person’s life, written by that person. And a memoir is a collection
of memories written by the person themselves (Blurb, 2020).
A biography, also called a bio, is a non-fiction piece of work giving an objective account of
a person’s life. The main difference between a biography vs. an autobiography is that the author
of a biography is not the subject.
Examples of famous biographies include:
• His Excellency: George Washington by Joseph J. Ellis
• Einstein: The Life and Times by Ronald William Clark
• Princess Diana – A Biography of The Princess of Wales by Drew L. Crichton
An autobiography is the story of a person’s life written by that person. Because the author
is also the main character of the story, autobiographies are written in the first person. The
purpose of an autobiography is to portray the life experiences and achievements of the author.
Therefore, most autobiographies are written later in the subject’s life.
Examples of famous autobiographies include:
• The Story of My Life by Helen Keller
• The Diary of a Young Girl by Anne Frank
• Losing My Virginity by Richard Branson
Memoir comes from the French word mémoire, meaning memory or reminiscence.
Similar to an autobiography, a memoir is the story of a person’s life written by that person.
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AUTOBIOGRAPHY VS. BIOGRAPHY VS. MEMOIR COMPARISON CHART
E
LEARNING TASK 2: Create a Venn diagram showing the differences and
similarities of the first three forms of creative nonfiction text. Use your notebook or
check an active submission bin in your respective virtual classroom.
LEARNING TASK 3: Research about the topic and create a bucket list
“must-read” examples of the first three forms of creative nonfiction. Include the
title and the author. Use the table below:
3.
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A Learning Task 4: “My Life”
It is the perfect time to create your own literary piece! With all the knowledge from
week 1 to 8, you are now ready to make a step further. From any of the first three forms of
CNF, make your own 300-word biography/autobiography/ memoir.
Do not forget to observe the facet and fundamentals of CNF as discussed from prior weeks.
Be guided with the following rubrics:
Presentation The form and presentation of the text enhances the ability for
the reader to understand and connect with the message. It is
pleasing to the eye.
Do this in your notebook or look for the submission bin your virtual classroom.
6
FORMS OF CREATIVE NONFICTION:
PERSONAL NARRATIVES, REFLECTION Week 11-12
ESSAY AND TRAVELOGUE
I
As we have mentioned from the previous module that it is important to understand the
different forms of Creative Nonfiction to make us more familiar with the total facet of creative
nonfiction as a literary piece. These forms of storytelling employ the creative writing techniques
of literature, such as poetry and fiction, to retell a true story to create a cohesive story, but so are
poetic elements like conceit and juxtaposition.
Despite its slightly enigmatic name, no literary genre has grown quite as quickly as creative
nonfiction in recent decades. Creative nonfiction has a long history and takes a wide variety of
forms due to its “personality”, fact checking ability and creativity in one piece. Common
iterations of the creative nonfiction genre in this perspective include personal narratives,
travelogue, and reflection essay.
In this lesson, you are expected to understand and analyze personal narratives, travelogue,
and reflection essay as a form of creative nonfiction.
D The next three forms of creative nonfiction both tells fresh perspective and reflection.
Trying to specifically define the three forms will pave way to grasp its differences.
Simply put, a narrative essay is one that uses a story to teach a specific point or to offer an
opinion on a certain matter. A narrative paper can use a story simply to entertain. A reflective
essay has a specific purpose, such as demonstrating how you have overcome some obstacle in
your life or how you made sense of a particular event or series of events. A travelogue A form of
creative nonfiction that focuses on a travelers' experiences in their journey to a particular place.
Try to activate your prior knowledge about Personal Narratives, Travelogue and Reflection
Essay. Are they just the same with the elements and techniques that you have learned in your
Creative Writing class?
LEARNING TASK 1. Using the K-W-L chart, write down on the first column (K) the things
you know about “biography, autobiography, and memoir”, while on the second column, write
the things that you want to learn about the said word. Leave the last column blank as you will do
this on the latter part of the lesson. Do this in your notebook.
7
PERSONAL NARRATIVES AND REFLECTION ESSAY
Personal narratives are stories about personal experiences told using literary
techniques. In creative nonfiction, the personal essay is much more vibrant and dynamic.
Personal narratives are stories about personal experiences, and while some personal essays
can be standalone stories about a single event, many essays braid true stories with
extended metaphors and other narratives.
Personal Narratives are often intimate, emotionally charged spaces. Consider the opening
two paragraphs from Beth Ann Fennelly’s personal essay “I Survived the Blizzard of ’79.”
We didn’t question. Or complain. It wouldn’t have occurred to us, and it wouldn’t
have helped. I was eight. Julie was ten.
We didn’t know yet that this blizzard would earn itself a moniker that would be
silk-screened on T-shirts. We would own such a shirt, which extended its tenure in
our house as a rag for polishing silver.
A reflection essay has a specific purpose, such as demonstrating how you have overcome
some obstacle in your life or how you made sense of a particular event or series of events. A
reflective writing can use the same story as a narrative, but the reflective would show
how the experience molded your view of the world around you or your perception of things
to come.
PERSONAL NARRATIVES REFLECTION ESSAY
Purpose A narrative essay is used to To show how you've made sense
teach, to expose a certain out of a particular event -- or
element of the human condition series of events -- in your life, and
or simply to entertain. how that experience has shaped
the way you look ahead to future
events
Audience A narrative can afford itself to a Often assigned in an academic
wide range of audiences. Some setting, so the audience is usually
stories are meant for children, a teacher or committee who will
others only for adults judge your character based upon
your essay
Perspective A narrative essay, however, is Because the narrator of a
told from any perspective: first, reflective essay is always the
second or third, or even from a author, that type of essay will
combination of several always be told from the limited
perspectives. first-person point of view: the
narrator refers to himself or
herself as "I."
Structure The narrative does not use reflective essay has an
Introduction and conclusion, introduction and conclusion that
but instead begins with an work similarly as in other essay
inciting incident and ends with a modes: the introduction states or
resolution that leaves the reader implies the point of the writing,
feeling satisfied with the reading and the conclusion re-states or
experience. Those elements illustrates it while making one
aside, the structure of either final, interesting point
form is wide open for all the
various methods of storytelling.
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TRAVELOGUE
A travelogue is a person’s account of a journey to another country or place.
It can either be a written report with many factual details or a narrative story about
personal impressions and experiences supported by images.
Since a travelogue is written after your trip to another country or place, the main
topic of this type of writing is a description of your experience there. Though your
travelogue can contain may areas of focus, when writing a travelogue, you can concentrate
on:
• local customs and traditions
• cuisine
• depictions of places of interest, local history, and culture
• your adventures
• prices and transportation
• entertainment
• Do not repeat or retell the information that is usually typed in various tourist
guidebooks.
• Do not use stock photos or other photos that can be found on the Internet.
• Do not indulge in the judgement of the other country’s customs and traditions and
do not mock aspects of that country that are unusual or weird to you.
• Do not wait long to write your travelogue. Do it immediately after you return home,
while your impressions are fresh, and you can recall events clearly.
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E
LEARNING TASK 2: Create a Venn diagram showing the differences and
similarities of Personal Narratives, Reflection Essay and Travelogue. Use your
notebook or check an active submission bin in your respective virtual classroom.
LEARNING TASK 3: Research about the topic and create a bucket list of
“must-read” examples of these forms of creative nonfiction. Include the title and the
author. Use the table below:
PERSONAL
REFLECTION ESSAY TRAVELOGUE
NARRATIVES
1.
2.
3.
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LEARNING TASK 5: “A DAY OUTSIDE MY USUAL WORLD”
Think about your favorite recreational activity, a travel or a simple “escape” from
your usual world and make your own travelogue. Do not forget to observe the facet and
fundamentals of CNF as discussed from prior weeks. Be guided with the following rubrics:
Conventions The writer demonstrates a good grasp of standard CNF
conventions (e.g., spelling, punctuation, capitalization,
grammar, usage, paragraphing) and uses conventions
effectively to enhance readability.
Ideas This paper is clear and focused. It holds the reader's attention.
Relevant details and quotes enrich the central theme.
Organization The organization enhances and showcases the central idea or
theme. The order, structure of information is compelling and
moves the reader through the text.
Presentation The form and presentation of the text enhances the ability for
the reader to understand and connect with the message. It is
pleasing to the eye.
Do this in your notebook or look for the submission bin your virtual classroom.
11
FORMS OF CREATIVE NONFICTION:
LITERARY JOURNALISM, BLOG, Week 13-14
AND TESTIMONIO
I
When boiled down, creative nonfiction can be defined as a true story told using the elements
of fiction. The nonfiction part of the phrase means the story is well-researched, relies on facts,
and uses real people and events (Berve, 2018). The next three forms of CNF are both very
significant in the contemporary times as it reaches wide audience, and it appeals to credibility
while using unique literary pieces.
The term literary journalism is sometimes used interchangeably with creative nonfiction;
more often, however, it is regarded as one type of creative nonfiction. Blogs are updated content
online; testimonio exists to bring to light a wrong, a point of view, or an urgent call for action.
In this lesson, you are expected to understand and analyze literary journalism, blogs, and
testimonio as a form of creative nonfiction.
D The next three forms of CNF are both very significant in the contemporary times as it reaches
wide audience, and it appeals to credibility while using unique literary pieces. Trying to
specifically define the three forms will pave way to grasp its differences.
One-way authors can get creative with nonfiction is through form. Many people think of
nonfiction as a chronological account of a discovery or event. Creative nonfiction tosses such
constraints aside to capture the emotion and lessons of an event or experience while using vivid
details to relay the very essence of the story (Berve, 2018).
Try to activate your prior knowledge about literary journalism, blog, and testimonio.
Are they just the same with the elements and techniques that you have learned in your
Creative Writing class?
LEARNING TASK 1. Think about any words or phrases that you can relate to literary
journalism, blog, and testimonio. Utilize the diagram below. Use your notebook or a
specific bin in your virtual classroom.
Literary
Journalism Blogs Testimonio
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LITERARY JOURNALISM
Literary journalism is a form of nonfiction that combines factual reporting with
narrative techniques and stylistic strategies traditionally associated with fiction.
This form of writing can also be called narrative journalism or new journalism. The
term literary journalism is sometimes used interchangeably with creative
nonfiction; more often, however, it is regarded as one type of creative nonfiction.
Literary journalism is the creative nonfiction form that comes closest to newspaper
and magazine writing. It is fact-driven and requires research and, often, interviews.
The most common type of literary journalism, and arguably the most famous, is
investigative features, but others include news features, profiles, backgrounders,
human interest pieces, lifestyle features and even travel stories.
The following excerpt from George Orwell is a good example of literary journalism.
It is mentioned in Purdue Writing lab where, according to the site, Orwell wrote
about the colonial regime in Marrakech. His father was a colonial officer, so Orwell
was confronted with the reality of empire from an early age, and that experience is
reflected in his literary journalism piece, Marrakech:
It is only because of this that the starved countries of
Asia and Africa are accepted as tourist resorts. No one
would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed
Areas. But where the human beings have brown skins
their poverty is simply not noticed. What does Morocco
mean to a Frenchman? An orange-grove or a job in
Government service.
Orwell isn’t writing a reflective, personal essay about his travels through
Marrakech. Neither is he writing a memoir about what it was like to be the son of a
colonial officer, nor how that experience shaped his adult life. He writes in a
descriptive way about the Jewish quarters in Marrakech, about the invisibility of the
“natives,” and about the way citizenship doesn’t ensure equality under a colonial
regime.
BLOGS
A blog is an online diary or journal located on a website. The content of a blog
typically includes text, pictures, videos, animated GIFs and even scans from old
physical offline diaries or journals and other hard copy documents (Website Hub,
2020).
Since a blog can exist merely for personal use, sharing information with an
exclusive group or to engage the public, a blog owner can set their blog for private
or public access.
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Blogs started out as a natural extension of the increased use of computers and the
creation of the earliest forms of the Internet as government military, scientific and
academic networks.
The primary difference between a blog and a website is that a blog is a specific type
of content displayed on web pages on a website.
TESTIMONIO
Testimonio is generally defined as a first-person narration of socially significant
experiences in which the narrative voice is that of a typical or extraordinary witness
or protagonist who metonymically represents others who have lived through similar
situations and who have rarely given written expression to them.
The objective of the testimonio is to bring to light a wrong, a point of view, or an
urgent call for action.
Testimonio is generally considered a fact-based first-person narrative of injustice,
seeking to represent the experiences of a larger social group, with the aim of rallying
support to create more just future. While there may be similarities, testimonio is
not the same as other non-fiction genres such as biography, autobiography, and
historical texts.
LITERARY BLOGS TESTIMONIO
JOURNALISM
Definition Literary journalism, A blog (a shortened Testimonio is
sometimes called version of “weblog”) generally defined
narrative journalism, is is an online journal as a first-person
a style of reportage that or informational narration of
presents true stories in a website displaying socially significant
more narrative way, information in experiences in
using storytelling reverse chronological which the
techniques to create a order, with the latest narrative voice is
gripping and personal posts appearing first, that of a typical or
form of journalism. at the top. It is a extraordinary
platform where a witness or
writer or a group of protagonist who
writers share their metonymically
views on an represents others
individual subject. who have lived
through similar
situations and who
have rarely given
written expression
to them.
Element immersion reporting, Compelling headline Currency, honesty,
complicated structures, and lead, Useful clarity of idea and
character development, subheads, structure
symbolism, voice, a Informative and
focus on ordinary people engaging body,
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... and accuracy Appealing graphics,
(Nordquist, 2020) Powerful call-to-
action, usage of
external links, Good
meta description
Example Dee Dee Wanted Her Various post online A Bird in the Cage
Daughter To Be Sick, like Apartment
Gypsy Wanted Her Therapy, Say Yes and
Mom Murdered by Yes! He Is!
Michelle Dean
Check online:
https://bit.ly/3xrV9g8
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A
Learning Task 5: “The Way That Person Changed Me”
Think about your most life-changing encounter with a person or an event. Create an
at least 500-word testimonio out this experience.
Do not forget to observe the facet and fundamentals of CNF as discussed from prior
weeks. Be guided with the following rubrics:
Conventions The writer demonstrates a good grasp of standard CNF
conventions (e.g., spelling, punctuation, capitalization,
grammar, usage, paragraphing) and uses conventions
effectively to enhance readability.
Ideas This paper is clear and focused. It holds the reader's attention.
Relevant details and quotes enrich the central theme.
Organization The organization enhances and showcases the central idea or
theme. The order, structure of information is compelling and
moves the reader through the text.
Presentation The form and presentation of the text enhances the ability for
the reader to understand and connect with the message. It is
pleasing to the eye.
Do this in your notebook or look for the submission bin your virtual classroom.
16
READING AND WRITING
CREATIVE NONFICTION: Week 15-16
MAKING A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
I Your mastery of the basic forms, types, techniques, and devices of creative nonfiction
will enable you to effectively critique and write creative nonfiction.
When you engage in close reading, you read through the text, observe the details of
the text, and then interpret your observations. You may highlight key words and phrases as you
ick these phrases, words, that are contradictory and/or similar. Then you will ask yourself about
the patterns that you have noticed and come up with the extraction of its overall essence.
Knowing the audience is another key. Responding to their senses is another thing that
you need to discern as a writer or reader.
In this lesson, you are to write a clear and coherent critique and an interesting and
engaging creative nonfiction.
D After reading through a series of literary materials, you are now ready to craft
a critical analysis. The objective of writing a critique is to evaluate a work of a book,
an essay, a movie, a painting, a performance, and many others.
Although a critical analysis is often seen as subjective since it articulates,
gauges the usefulness, or impact of the reader based on the text.
Critical thinking is significant that it urges you to interface thoughts, inspect
for irregularities in thinking, take care of issues, and consider your own convictions.
Especially in the present culture, these characteristics are indispensable outside of
secondary school whether an understudy goes to school or not–whether an
understudy turns into an English major or not. Scholarly literary analysis requests
that you reinforce your basic reasoning skills.
LEARNING TASK 1: Recall your previous subjects or activities where you were
asked to do an analysis. In your notebook, write the actions that you did in doing
your analysis task.
LEARNING TASK 2: Using a concept map, map out your ideas about the areas to
deal with in doing a nonfictional literary analysis. Do this in your notebook.
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IMPORTANT LITERARY CONCEPTS ACCORDING TO PURDUE
UNIVERSITY
THE BASICS OTHER KEY CONCEPT
✓ Plot ✓ Historical context
✓ Setting ✓ Social, political, economic
✓ Narration/point of view contexts
✓ Characterization ✓ Ideology
✓ Symbol ✓ Multiple voices
✓ Metaphor ✓ Various critical orientations
✓ Genre ✓ Literary theory
✓ Irony/ambiguity
I. Writing an Argument:
▪ When writing a literary analysis, you will focus on specific
attribute(s) of the text(s).
▪ When discussing these attributes, you will want to make sure that you
are making a specific, arguable point (thesis) about these
attributes.
▪ You will defend this point with reasons and evidence drawn from
the text.
IV. STYLE (Sentence Flow, Variety, Diction). Writing is smooth, skillful, and
coherent. Sentences are strong and expressive with varied structure. Diction is
consistent and words are well chosen (15 points).
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REFERENCES
Autobiography vs. biography vs. memoir. (2020, May 29). Blurb Blog.
https://www.blurb.com/blog/memoirs-biographies-autobiographies
Berve, Caitlin ( 2018). Creative Nonfiction: What Is It and How to Write It.
Retrieved https://www.ignitedinkwriting.com/ignite-your-ink-blog-for-
writers/what-is-creative-nonfiction/2018
Creative nonfiction: What it is and how to write it. (2020, September 8).
Writers.com. https://writers.com/what-is-creative-nonfiction
Elements of autobiography. (n.d.). Sumreena Hussain's.
https://sumreena.tripod.com/Notes_final1.htm
How to write a travelogue. (2017, April 13). AcademicHelp.net.
https://academichelp.net/creative-writing/write-travelogue.html
Nordquist, Richard (n.d) What is literary journalism? ThoughtCo. Retrieved
from https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-literary-journalism-1691132
Purdue Writing Lab. (n.d.). Literary journalism // Purdue Writing Lab.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/teacher_and_tutor_resources/writing_instruct
ors/creative_nonfiction_in_writing_courses/literary_journalism.html
Purdue Writing Lab. (n.d.). Literary journalism // Purdue Writing Lab.
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/teacher_and_tutor_resources/writing_instruct
ors/creative_nonfiction_in_writing_courses/literary_journalism.html
Sygaco, Sonia (2017). Writing Techniques in Creative Nonfiction. Great
Books Trading: Quezon City
The difference between a narrative and a reflective essay. (n.d.). Free Essay
Writing Help From Graduate Students. https://poppiesbookstore.com/the-
difference-between-a-narrative-and-a-reflective-essay/
The differences between a reflective & narrative essay. (n.d.). Pen and the
Pad. https://penandthepad.com/differences-between-reflective-narrative-
essay-12312094.html
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