Innovation

in
Renovation
Optimizing interior insulation
application workflow

Presented by:
Ekta Kapoor

Mentored by:
Eric van den Ham
https://www.reddit.com Thaleia Konstantinou
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Amsterdam Canal house |
http://elles.nl
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Insulate
Lower energy bills
Sustainable living

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Protected building
No exterior interventions
Limited space

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Protected building
Interior insulation application

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Insulation workflow
Current on site workflow

Material
Measurement Procurement Sizing Preparation Fitting Finish
selection

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Problem statement

Varying interior Occupant Risk of

On-site time Space required
treatments discomfort condensation

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Research question

How can the advancements in insulation material and technologies

help to optimize the energy renovation process of interior envelope?

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Aim

To create a model workflow for the renovation process of existing

protected buildings by adopting super insulation material and
technological advancements to aid production and assembly.

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Research methodology

Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase 5

Foundation / Digitalization
Material study Product design Validation
Literature study

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Proposed workflow
Off site workflow

Material Design and

Measurement Processing selection layout fabrication Fitting

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Area of optimization

Material Process innovation Product design

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Material

Silica aerogel under the microscope |

http://www.aerogel.org
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Measures of energy efficiency

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Insulation of envelope
Heating energy reduction

Thermal load (kwh/m2) Heating energy (kwh/m2) Heat reduction

At 60 % WWR

Uninsulated wall with single glazing 140.13 129.73

Uninsulated wall with double glazing 104.57 94.54 35.19

Insulated wall with double glazing 71.4 61.13 33.41

At 40% WWR

Insulated wall with double glazing 62.00 54.00

At 80% WWR

Insulated wall with double glazing 81.29 68.67

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Common wall insulation material

Batt/roll Rigid Spray foam Loose fill

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Superinsulation material

Vacuum Insulation
Aerogel blanket Aerogel boards Aerogel granules Aerogel plaster
panel

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Thermal conductivity

Wood fibre
perlite
Cellulose fibres
Hemp
Extrued Polystyrene (XPS)
Rock wool
Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)
Glass wool
Polyurethane rigid foam (PUR)
Phenolic foam
aerogel
VIP
0 0,005 0,01 0,015 0,02 0,025 0,03 0,035 0,04 0,045 0,05
Thermal conductivity (W/mK)
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Insulation material
Relative thickness

140mm wood 100mm 40mm 20mm

80mm PUR
fibre EPS/XPS Aerogel VIP

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Insulation material
Advantages over common insulation material
• 50% - 80% space saving due to slimmer profiles
• Material saving
• High thermal performance
• Non –toxic content

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Superinsulators
Material properties

• Thermal performance
• Fire resistance
• Vapour permeability
• Physical form
• Area of application
• Average life and end-of-life
• Challenges

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Interior insulation
Thermal performance with respect to thickness

1,6
U-value 1,4
1,2
1
0,8
LT heating 0,6
threshold
0,4
Building
0,2
decree
threshold 0
5 mm 10 mm 15 mm 20 mm 25 mm 30 mm 35 mm 40 mm 45 mm 50 mm
Thickness
Vaccum insulation panel Aerogel blanket
Aerogel granules Aerogel board
Aerogel plaster
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Conclusion
Material properties

• VIP’s deliver lowest thermal conductivity and subsequently least thickness.

• The rigid panels can not be altered once produced.
• Their fragile nature demands extra care during handling.

• Aerogel blankets are the more sustainable material option amongst the
superinsulators.
• Aerogel boards perform like blankets but are not suitable due to use of adhesive.
• Aerogel granules are best suitable for infill in transparent elements.

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Process innovation

Point cloud |
https://answers.unrealengine.com
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Process innovation

Process to Virtual Number and

Data Layout of
digital reality sizes for
capture panels
model experience production

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Process innovation
Equipment for data capture

Simultaneous Structure from

Terrestrial laser Global Navigation Localisation and Motion
scanning (TLS) Total/Multi-Station Satellite System Mapping Photogrammetry

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Process innovation
Point cloud to BIM model

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MANUAL_As-Built 2018 for Revit_EN.pdf
Process innovation
Software support

Autodesk Revit McNeel Rhinoceros Geomagic wrap MeshLab - mesh CloudCompare

™ ™ ™ ™ ™

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Process innovation
Parametric tessellation for optimum layout

Study of the Control of Geometric Pattern Using Digital Algorithm.pdf 34

Process innovation
Virtual environment

www.livehome3d.com/useful-articles/vr-in-home-design 35
Process innovation
Virtual environment

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Process innovation
Conclusions

• Laser Scanning (TLS) allows for rapid interior surveying

• For a thorough scan, it is recommended to take multiple scans from different
positions
• Scan resolution determines the level of detail captured
• Management of the acquired points is done through specialised software to create
BIM model that require extra knowledge and skill
• In the future interoperability with BIM model and data exchange could be reached
• Virtual reality experience integrates occupants opinions into the final output of
renovation
• It is a crucial step to aid accurately dimensioned fabrication
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Product design

Prefabricated façade panels |

https://www.taylormaxwell.co.uk/offsite-components
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Product design

Demount and
Prefabrication Sandwich panel disassemble Adaptive

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• Thematic diagram?

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Product design
Design option 1 – shiplap joinery
Wooden studs
(60mm)

Mechanical
fasteners (screws)

Insulation
(20mm)

Finish board
(10mm)

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Product design
Design option 2 – tongue and groove joinery
Backing board
(5mm)

Insulation
(20mm)

C- sections
for fixing

Finish board
(10mm)

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Product design
Design option 3 - shiplap joinery
Insulation
(20mm)

Steel / PVC
channel

Z-clips

Finish board
(10mm)

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Product design
Comparison
Design option 1
• Easy to assemble an install
• wooden frame adds to the
thickness of the panel
Design option 2 Design option 3
• Discontinuous smaller C- • Slimmest section of the panel
sections reduce thermal bridges
• Lesser area of contact for
• Too many elements make the thermal bridging
assembly complex
• Easier to assemble and
• The backing material is not disassemble
functionally required
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Product design
Global solution

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Product design
Global solution

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Product design
Additional bracing

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Product design
Adaptability

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Product design
Adaptability- changing skins

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Production process

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Production process

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Product design
Conclusion

• A design approach of prefabricating a finished insulated wall panel to

save on site time for fixing each element
• No glue or adhesive use make the product more complex to
manufacture but ensure re-usability of elements. Hence a longer life
cycle
• The adaptive channel make it convenient to integrate the design with
different insulation material.
• Stylize the finish as per user requirement.

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Demonstration of workflow

Faculty of Architecture |
www.tudelft.nl
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Case study
Proposed workflow

Laser scan for Design and

Select case- Process to
measurement layout of
study room digital model
s panels

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Demonstration room

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Laser scanner setup
FARO Focus S

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Demonstration room
Photographic capture

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Demonstration room
Demonstration room as point clouds with stray noise

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Demonstration room
Cropped to working area

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Conversion to digital model

Export from FARO Import into a 3D Use points as guides Switch off point
SCENE software as modelling software to draw over cloud for
point cloud data reconstructed model

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Digital Model
Reconstruction in Revit

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Digital Model
Reconstruction in Rhinoceros

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Panel layout

Identify external wall Divide surface in Resolve fixtures, extract dimensions

surface to insulate panels as per connections and and send for
commercially edge joinery production
available insulation
sizes
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Target surfaces

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Surface division
Layout option 1 – standard sized VIP’s with filler insulation

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Surface division
Layout option 1 – standard sized VIP’s with filler insulation

1000 mm

20mm VIP

20mm XPS/
aerogel filler

Finish board

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Surface division
Layout option 2 - custom sized insulation

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Surface division
Layout option 2 - custom sized insulation

934
20mm VIP mm

Finish board

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Surface division
Layout remarks

• Commercially available size of VIP’s hence economical
• U value of 0.43 with 20mm XPS or 0.34 with 20mm
aerogel blanket or 0.28 with 25mm thick section
• Aligning is more difficult due to fixed sizes
• Customized VIP’s of the required size hence expensive
• U value of 0.29 W/m2K with 20mm of VIP
• Finish boards aligned to existing patterns
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Case study
Solving connections

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Connections
Detail A : Edge detail
Wall plaster

40mm Insulation

Vapor barrier

Channel

10mm Finish

Section plane
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Connections
Detail A : corner connection in a butt joint assembly

External wall

Channel

Z- clips

20mm
Insulation

10mm Finish

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Connections
Detail B : Window reveal
Window frame

Channel fixed to
window frame

Sill reveal panel

Sill wall panel

20mm insulation
layer

Wall plaster

Section plane
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Connections
Detail B: window reveal

Window frame

10mm Finish

20mm XPS
insulation

20mm VIP
Insulation

Extern wall

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Connections
Detail B : Skirting

Wall panel slides

on top of skirting

Channel fixed to
wall

15 mm skirting
finish

10mm insulation
layer

Existing skirting

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Connections
Detail B : Skirting panel assembly sequence

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Connections
Detail C : Pipes option a
10mm finish
board

20mm Insulation

Pipe existing

Z- clips Section plane

Channel fixed to
wall

Channel fixed to
window frame
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Connections
Detail B : Pipes option b
Wall plaster

20mm Insulation

Pipe

Z- clips and Section plane

spacer

Channel fixed to
wall

10mm Finish
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Connections
Layout with option a and b

Visible pipes. Panel can slide behind existing pipes Hidden pipes. Panel cover is offset to include pipes in a 79
cavity
Finishes

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Visualization

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Assembly Sequence

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Mock up

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Case study
Conclusion

• Laser scanning is a fast and accurate method for getting measurements.

• Creating a digital model from point cloud still requires development and machine
learning
• Manual reconstruction lead to inaccurate measurements
• Typical connection details need to be modified as per site conditions
• Space constrains can help in material selection
• Budget constrains can help layout selection
• Visualizations and personalisation engages the occupants in the process

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Research question

How can the advancements in insulation material and technologies

help to optimize the energy renovation process of interior envelope?

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Conclusion
• The process of insulation of the envelope has challenges of preparation,
condensation, spaces and discomfort to overcome.
• Superinsulators save crucial floor space without compromising on the thermal
performance. Current drawback is cost.
• Technological advancements with machine learning provide the means to automate
process and reduce processing time. At the moment this can take longer than
manual process.
• Processing need to be further optimized.
• Production techniques such as prefabrication decrease the onsite assembly time.
• Design for demounting disassembly makes the product complex but is important for
a sustainable development.
• Best suitable for large scale mass renovation to justify the associated high costs.
• Save space with the material, measurement time , application time, material use
and wastage.
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Sustainability assessment
PEOPLE PLANET
• Reduce the impact on occupants by • insulation material assessed on it’s impact on
reducing the time spent on site environment.
• Prefabrication so that no work would • Current researches into making them bio
be done on site based with natural alternatives (cellulose)
• Involve the people on a digital • None adhesives fixing makes elements easier
platform to see the impact on the to separate at the end of product life for
interior spaces
recycling.
• Liberty to choose the aesthetics
• Adaptable design promotes reusability of the
same product in different conditions making
the final design ‘one product fits all’.

PROFIT • Prefabricated adaptive design require lesser material, lesser

• high cost of superinsulators and scanning equipment labour cost and no demolition costs.
for a single household is not feasible. • Reusable elements reduce cost for new production.
• the high demand lowers the supply cost. • ‘One assembly line produces all’

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Thank you
 Innovation
in
Renovation
Optimizing interior insulation
application workflow

Presented by:
Ekta Kapoor

Mentored by:
Eric van den Ham
https://www.reddit.com Thaleia Konstantinou
Introduction
Energy Agreement for Sustainable Growth

300,000 homes to be renovated by 2020

20 -30% increase in energy efficiency in renovation houses

Label B average label for energy efficient social housing

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Introduction
Current statistics

70% homes have energy label C or lesser

1% Existing building renovated every year

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Research methodology

Research
Phase 1
Question
Energy measures
renovation
Foundation / Innovations
workflow in material
Literature and
study technology
Protected Traditional
buildings practices

challenges
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Research methodology

Phase 2 Data sheets

Conventional Performance
insulation
Superinsulator
Material drawbacks s
study performance
data
Superinsulator
s performance

challenges
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Research methodology

Production
Phase 3
information
Data capture Equipment
Number and
workflow size of
Digitalization insulation
required
Data
processing Digital model

Optimized
layout 106
Research methodology

Phase 4 Final product

Insulated Prefabricated
panel
Factory made,
Product Demountable delivered
design and fixed

disassembly

adaptable
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Research methodology

Phase 5 Conclusion

Case study Data capture

room
Data Answer to
Validation Processing research
question
Optimized
layout

Performance
analysis 108
Moisture risk | 20mm Vacuum Insulation
case 1: 260mm brick wall

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Moisture risk | 20mm aerogel blanket + Vapor barrier
case 1: 260mm brick wall

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Product design
Thermal bridges – channel material

VIP with PVC VIP with steel VIP with steel

channel channel channel with
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neoprene
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