Future:AI

 WHAT IS AI?
Artificial intelligence is the simulation of
human intelligence processes by
machines, especially computer systems.
Specific applications of AI include expert
systems, natural language processing,
speech recognition and machine vision.
 AI IN HEALTHCARE
 Types of AI Used in Healthcare:
 Machine Learning: It is a branch of
Artificial Intelligence that uses an
algorithm to examine previous data,
current information and interactions. This
analysis helps to predict the most ideal
treatment for patients. It also plays a key
role in optimizing and streamlining
healthcare procedures and
administration. Data annotators are one
of the important aspects of ML. It takes CT
 and MRI scans and marks tumor cells
more accurately.
 Natural Processing Language(NLP): It is
the process of understanding and
interpreting text or language by a
machine. NLP can help analyze patient’s
medical records, and give suggestions to
improve the quality of methods used and
prepare better results of the patients. The
common use of NLP in AI involves
understanding and classifying medical
records. When the machine understands
what the user is trying to communicate,
then it works accordingly.
 Physical Robots: Physical Robots are a
popular type of AI used in the medical
field. Initially, scientists designed robots
for delivering hospital supplies. However,
improved versions of robots are available
today. Such robots can collaborate with
humans and can be easily given training
for doing particular tasks. They are more
 intelligent as AI capabilities are embedded
in the operating system (brain). Robots
have marked their presence in operation
theatres as well since 2000, which are
known as surgical robots. This branch of
AI is still searching for new possibilities.
 Robotic Process Automation: This
technology in AI has been developed
mainly for administrative purposes.
Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is
inexpensive when compared with other
types of AI. Contradictory to the name,
robots are not involved physically in this
process; rather, it is a form of computer
program. In healthcare, RPA is used to
record early authorizations, updating
patients’ medical records, and billing. It
can even be used to extract data if we
club it with other technologies like image
recognition.
 APPLICATIONS OF AI IN HEALTHCARE
 Artificial Intelligence or AI is advancing
quickly. As a result, AI applications in each
sector also increase. Among all the
sectors, AI has vast opportunities in
healthcare. We can apply AI in every field
of healthcare from billing to surgery. Let’s
take a look at the possible applications in
healthcare.
 Ability to make clinical decisions:
Doctors can point out important
information from patients’ medical
reports with the help of Natural Learning
Process (NLP). This helps them to decide
treatment procedures effectively for the
patient. AI can store a large set of data,
which provides relevant information
about patients and can even recommend
the optimal treatment method.
 Chatbots: People have a tendency to
schedule an appointment with their
doctors even for small health-related
problems which they can treat by
 themselves. This leaves doctors with a
tight schedule. In order to save money
spent on unnecessary visits to doctors,
patients can utilize chatbots. It is an AI
application which incorporates an
algorithm for functioning. Chatbots
answer the questions or queries patients
may have instantly. They also give
suggestions for any problems patients
may have and even recommendations for
self treatment for a simple health
concern. The service of chatbots is
available 24*7, which helps the doctors to
work in a relaxed atmosphere.
 Surgical Robots: AI technology-
incorporated robots can perform medical
activities like surgeries. Surgical robots
can do surgeries with a high level of
accuracy. These surgical robots can collect
previous medical records, including
surgical records of the patients, and make
decisions accordingly.
 Nursing assistants: AI-implemented
robots can be utilized instead of human
nursing assistants. Such robots are known
as virtual nursing assistants. They can
engage themselves in duties ranging from
conversing with patients to providing
patient care. They are available 24*7 and
are capable of answering all kinds of
questions from patients as well as
examining them and providing suitable
solutions. The world’s first virtual nursing
assistant is Care Angel.
 Can record documents accurately:
With the help of AI Robotic Process
Automation (RPA), patient records can be
documented with a higher level of
accuracy. Apart from storing patients’
documents, this software has the facility
for saving other official documents, and
also the provision for billing.
 Healthcare is a sector where one has
to deal with each and every aspect
 carefully because it concerns the lives of
humans. Utmost accuracy is
indispensable. AI is establishing
prominence over traditional methods. AI
is a branch of technology advancing every
day. It has vast possibilities and is capable
of replacing human effort with machines.
We can expect unbelievable growth in this
branch of technology. The larger
possibilities of this technology are still to
be uncovered.
 At the same time, everything in this
universe has positives and negatives.
Likewise, AI in the health sector too has
pros and cons.

 AI IN SPACE
1. Mission Strategy
 
To get through the "seven minutes of fear"
during the Perseverance mission, the
Entry, Descent, and Landing (EDL) flight
dynamics team had to rely significantly on
AI for mission planning and complicated
scheduling systems. 
 
Because of the intricate planning required
with these systems, mission scientists and
engineers view scheduling to be a domain
where AI approaches can be applied.
Without AI, mission scheduling
necessitates big teams working long hours
to meet the mission's requirements. 
 
By programming the spaceship to
determine for itself how to intelligently
execute a command given a specific
function based on past experiences and its
environment, we may eliminate the
requirement for these human resources. 
 
Realistic scheduling problems typically
involve many constraints. The complexity
of scheduling is substantially increased by
balancing conflicting constraints and
making trade-offs. We may apply artificial
intelligence to address critical scientific
and engineering mission restrictions and
optimise the timeline to meet all
requirements.
2. Managing the Mission Operations
 
For space missions, AI is used for
autonomous operations. The Italian start-
up business AIKO developed a software
library called MiRAGE that is utilised to
enable autonomous operations for space
missions as part of the European Space
Agency's (ESA) technology transfer
programme. 
 
The spacecraft can execute autonomous
replanning, detect events (both internal
and external), and react accordingly using
these procedures, ensuring mission
objectives are met without the delays
caused by ground-based decision-making.
 
AI and machine learning can also be used
to evaluate operational risk analysis and
assess safety-critical missions. These
technologies enable risk mitigation
systems to process vast volumes of data
based on signs from normal operations as
well as previous performance where
anomalies occurred. 
 
We couldn't confidently assign a risk level
to occurrences without deep learning
using ANNs, thus we'd need professional
supervision. Once a model has been taught
to recognise risk classification, it may use
that information to score real-time risk
assessments.
 
(Check out one of the frontrunners in the
field of Space Exploration - SpaceX
Success Story)
 
3. Data Collection
 
Ground infrastructures used to distribute
and convey data collected from Earth-
observing spacecraft, deep space probes,
and planetary rovers have seen a dramatic
growth in the volume of data collected
over the last decade. 
 
The capacity to optimise the massive
amounts of data collected from scientific
missions and evaluate it using AI
automation has a favourable impact on
how data is handled and distributed to end
users.
 
To build maps and data sets, AI aboard
spacecraft may independently discover
and classify normal features, such as
common weather patterns, and
differentiate them from atypical patterns,
such as smoke plumes from volcanic
activity. 
 
We can utilize AI to identify which data
sets should be sent to ground segments
for processing. We can also employ AI
technology to eliminate data that is of little
or no use. This may alleviate the difficulties
or limits that space-to-ground networks
face while transmitting massive amounts
of data.
 
4. Assistants and Robots Powered by AI
 
Are you familiar with the terms TARS and
CASE? Yes, I'm referring to the robots from
the well-known film 'Interstellar' (which, if
you haven't seen it yet, I strongly urge you
to do so). Imagine how beneficial TARS and
CASE would be in supporting astronauts in
real life if you recall their roles in the
movie.
 
Scientists are working on artificial
intelligence-based assistants to support
astronauts on missions to the Moon, Mars,
and beyond. These assistants are designed
to anticipate and understand the crew's
needs, as well as understand astronauts'
emotions and mental health and take
appropriate action in the event of an
emergency. 
 
So, how do they accomplish this?
Sentiment analysis is the
solution. Sentiment Analysis (also known
as opinion mining or emotion AI) is a sub-
field of Natural Language Processing (NLP)
that aims to recognise and extract
opinions from a given text across blogs,
reviews, social media, forums, news, and
other sources.
 
Robots, on the other hand, can be more
useful when it comes to physical
assistance, such as assisting with
spacecraft piloting, docking, and handling
harsh situations that are dangerous to
people. The majority of it may seem
speculative, but astronauts will benefit
much from it.
 
(Founded by Jeff Bezos, learn more
about Blue Origin which also operates in
the field of Space Exploration)
 
5. Exoplanets Discovered by Kepler
 
The Kepler Telescope was built to
determine the frequency of Earth-sized
planets orbiting Sun-like stars, but these
planets were on the cusp of being
detected by the mission's detection
sensitivity. 
 
Even with a low signal to noise ratio,
determining the occurrence rate of these
planets needed automatic and precise
assessment of the chance that individual
candidates are truly planets.
 
 To solve this constraint, Google and other
scientists developed AstroNet K2,
a Convolutional Neural Network that can
determine whether a signal from Kepler's
space telescope is a transiting exoplanet or
a false positive generated by astrophysical
or instrumental phenomena. 
 
They discovered two new exoplanets,
Kepler 80g and Kepler 90i, circling the
Kepler 80 and Kepler 90 star systems,
respectively, after training their neural
network model to 98 percent accuracy.
 
CONCLUSION
At the end of the day, anything AI can do
requires human intervention. AI is getting
closer to delivering newer insights and
showing to be a benefit for humanity in
exploring interplanetary space with novel
machines, projects, and researches with each
new innovation.