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Tarea 4.

Nombre: Isidro Medrano Tapia.

NUA: 146905.

Materia: Plantas térmicas y uso racional de la energía.

Docente: Dr. David Aarón Rodríguez Alejandro.

Fecha de entrega: 25/02/2022.


9.14 A four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine has a bore of 2.55 in. and a stroke of
2.10 in. The clearance volume is 12% of the cylinder volume at bottom dead center and the
crankshaft rotates at 3600 RPM. The processes within each cylinder are modeled as an air-standard
Otto cycle with a pressure of 14.6 lbf/in.2 and a temperature of 1008F at the beginning of
compression. The maximum temperature in the cycle is 52008R. Based on this model, calculate
the net work per cycle, in Btu, and the power developed by the engine, in horsepower.
9.40 An air-standard dual cycle has a compression ratio of 16. At the beginning of compression,
p1 5 14.5 lbf/in.2, V1 5 0.5 ft3, and T1 5 508F. The pressure doubles during the constant volume
heat addition process. For a maximum cycle temperature of 30008R, determine
(a) the heat addition to the cycle, in Btu.
(b) the net work of the cycle, in Btu.
(c) the thermal efficiency.
(d) the mean effective pressure, in lbf/in.2
(e) To investigate the effects of varying maximum cycle
temperature, plot each of the quantities calculated in parts
(a) through (d) for maximum cycle temperatures ranging
from 3000 to 40008R.
Ahora para hacer la gráfica se procede a usar el EES. A continuación, se muestra el código que se realizó.

r=16
p[1]=14.5 "psi"
Vol[1]=0.5 "ft^3"
T[1]=509.67 "°R"
P[3]=2*P[2]
T_max=3000 "°R"

"Estado 1"
u[1]=IntEnergy(Air,T=T[1])
v[1]=Volume(Air,T=T[1],P=P[1])
s[1]=Entropy(Air,T=T[1],P=P[1])
h[1]=Enthalpy(Air,T=T[1])

"Estado 2"
v[2]=v[1]/r
s[2]=s[1]

h[2]=Enthalpy(Air,v=v[2],s=s[2])
T[2]=Temperature(Air,s=s[2],v=v[2])
u[2]=IntEnergy(Air,s=s[2],v=v[2])
P[2]=Pressure(Air,s=s[2],v=v[2])
"Estado 3"
T[3]=(P[3]/P[2])*T[2]
v[3]=v[2]

h[3]=Enthalpy(Air,T=T[3])
u[3]=IntEnergy(Air,T=T[3])
s[3]=Entropy(Air,T=T[3],P=P[3])

"Estado 4"
P[4]=P[3]
T[4]=T_max

u[4]=IntEnergy(Air,T=T[4])
v[4]=Volume(Air,T=T[4],P=P[4])
h[4]=Enthalpy(Air,T=T[4])
s[4]=Entropy(Air,T=T[4],P=P[4])

"Estado 5"
v[5]=v[1]
s[5]=s[4]

h[5]=Enthalpy(Air,v=v[5],s=s[5])
T[5]=Temperature(Air,s=s[5],v=v[5])
u[5]=IntEnergy(Air,s=s[5],v=v[5])
P[5]=Pressure(Air,s=s[5],v=v[5])

"Masa"
v[1]=Vol[1]/m

"a)"
Q_add=m*((u[3]-u[2])+(h[4]-h[3]))

"b)"
W_ciclo=m*(u[5]-u[1])

"c)"
ETHA=1-(W_ciclo/Q_add)

"d)"
mep=((W_ciclo/m)/(v[1]-v[2]))*(778)*(1/144)

A continuación, se muestran los resultados obtenidos con el EES.

Se puede observar que estos resultados son los mismo a los obtenidos cuando se realizó el ejercicio a
mano.
Las gráficas se muestran a continuación.
9.63 Air enters the compressor of a regenerative air-standard Brayton cycle with a volumetric flow
rate of 60 m3/s at 0.8 bar, 280 K. The compressor pressure ratio is 20, and the maximum cycle
temperature is 2100 K. For the compressor, the isentropic efficiency is 92% and for the turbine the
isentropic efficiency is 95%. For a regenerator effectiveness of 85%, determine
(a) the net power developed, in MW.
(b) the rate of heat addition in the combustor, in MW.
(c) the thermal efficiency of the cycle.
Plot the quantities calculated in parts (a) through (c) for regenerator effectiveness values ranging
from 0 to 100%. Discuss.

El ejercicio se resolvió en EES. A continuación, se muestra el código realizado.

P[2]/P[1]=20
Eta_c=0.92
Eta_t=0.95
Eta_r=0.85

{Estado 1}
P[1]=0.8 "bar"
T[1]=280

h[1]=Enthalpy(Air,T=T[1])
s[1]=Entropy(Air,T=T[1],P=P[1])
v[1]=Volume(Air,T=T[1],P=P[1])

{Estado 2s}
P_2s=P[2]
S_2s=S[1]

h_2s=Enthalpy(Air,s=s_2s,P=P_2s)

{Estado 2}
Eta_c=(h_2s-h[1])/(h[2]-h[1])

{Estado 3}
T[3]=2100
P[3]=P[2]

h[3]=Enthalpy(Air,T=T[3])
s[3]=Entropy(Air,T=T[3],P=P[3])

{Estado 4'}
P_4s=P[1]
S_4s=S[3]

h_4s=Enthalpy(Air,s=s_4s,P=P_4s)

{Estado 4}
Eta_t=(h[3]-h[4])/(h[3]-h_4s)
P[4]=P_4s
Eta_r=(hx-h[2])/(h[4]-h[2])

"Flujo masico"
V=60
m=V/v[1]

"Eficiencia termica"
Wc=m*(h[2]-h[1])/1000
Wt=m*(h[3]-h[4])/1000
Qin=m*(h[3]-hx)/1000
Eta_term=100*(Wt-Wc)/Qin

Los resultados para esa efectividad del regenerador se muestran a continuación.

Para realizar las gráficas se usó el mismo el código, la modificación que se hizo fue simplemente comentar
la efectividad del regenerador y con una tabla paramétrica variar su valor de 0 a 1, obtener los resultados
para ese rango y graficar. Dichas gráficas se muestran a continuación.
9.64 Reconsider Problem 9.55 but include a regenerator in the cycle. For regenerator effectiveness values ranging from 0 to
100%, plot

(a) the thermal efficiency.


(b) the percent decrease in heat addition to the air.

The Problem 9.55 is:

9.55 Air enters the compressor of a simple gas turbine at p1 5 14 lbf/in.2, T1 5 5208R. The isentropic efficiencies of the compressor
and turbine are 83 and 87%, respectively. The compressor pressure ratio is 14 and the temperature at the turbine inlet is 25008R.
The net power developed is 5 3 106 Btu/h. On the basis of an air-standard analysis, calculate
(a) the volumetric flow rate of the air entering the compressor, in ft 3/min.
(b) the temperatures at the compressor and turbine exits, each in 8R.
(c) the thermal efficiency of the cycle.

El ejercicio se resolvió en EES. A continuación, se muestra el código realizado.

P[2]/P[1]=14

Eta_c=0.83
Eta_t=0.87
{Eta_r=1}

{Estado 1}
P[1]=14 "psi"
T[1]=520

h[1]=Enthalpy(Air,T=T[1])
s[1]=Entropy(Air,T=T[1],P=P[1])

{Estado 2s}
P_2s=P[2]
S_2s=S[1]

h_2s=Enthalpy(Air,s=s_2s,P=P_2s)

{Estado 2}
Eta_c=(h_2s-h[1])/(h[2]-h[1])

{Estado 3}
T[3]=2500
P[3]=P[2]

h[3]=Enthalpy(Air,T=T[3])
s[3]=Entropy(Air,T=T[3],P=P[3])

{Estado 4'}
P_4s=P[1]
S_4s=S[3]

h_4s=Enthalpy(Air,s=s_4s,P=P_4s)

{Estado 4}
Eta_t=(h[3]-h[4])/(h[3]-h_4s)
P[4]=P_4s
Eta_r=(hx-h[2])/(h[4]-h[2])

"Eficiencia termica"
Wc=(h[2]-h[1])
Wt=(h[3]-h[4])
Qin=(h[3]-hx)
Eta_term=100*(Wt-Wc)/Qin

Para realizar la gráfica se usó el mismo el código, la modificación que se hizo fue simplemente comentar
la efectividad del regenerador y con una tabla paramétrica variar su valor de 0 a 1, obtener los resultados
para ese rango y graficar. Dicha gráfica se muestra a continuación.

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