412/1(N)

November 2022

Optical Instrumentation

Time allowed: 3 Hours Full Marks: 60

Group – A

1. Choose the correct answer from given alternatives (any ten): 1×10

i) The CO2 laser is—a) an atomic laser b) a molecular laser c) a an ion laser d)an exciter laser

ii) Full form of PMT is – (a) Photo Multiplier Triode (b) Photo Measuring Tube (c) Photo Measuring
Triode (d) Photo Multiplier Tube.

iii) LDR stands for – (a) Long Distance Resistor (b) Light Dependent Rotor (c) Light Deflecting Resistor
(d) Light Dependent Resistor.

iv) Light is guided within the core of a step-index fiber by- refraction at the core-air interface. b) Total
internal reflection at the core-cladding interface, c) total internal reflection at the outer surface of
the cladding. d) Change in the speed of light within the core.

v) Which of the following materials is not suitable for making an LED –a)GaAs, b) Silicon, c)
InGaAsP, d) GaAlAs

vi) Devices which converts optical signal into electrical signal is known as—a) photodetector b)
monochromator c) collimator c)none of these

vii) The material for making an efficient LED should be-

a) An indirect band gap type semiconductor,
b) A direct band gap type semiconductor,
c) A metal,
d) An insulator.
vii)
2. Fill in the blanks with correct statement (any ten): 1×10
a. The binary number system has a radix of _______
b. Flip flops are classified as either edge triggered or ______ triggered.
c. Ring counter may be constructed using _______.
d. A decoder with 64 output lines has _______ data inputs.
e. To design a mod -13 counter only _____ flip flops are needed.
f. Simplified expression of A+A’B is ________
g. Race-around condition is encountered in ______ flip flop
h. Number of inputs for a full adder is ________
i. _________ is the fastest logic family.
j. ______ code is used for labelling the cells of K-map
k. CMOS has __________ power dissipation
l. Full form of PISO is ___________
m. D flip flop is also known as __________
 n. Counter is a _________ circuit
o. De-multiplexer has ______ input and _______ output

3. Answer the questions in short (any ten): 1×10

a. What is the BCD of 348?
b. Convert (101101)2 to Gray code.
c. What do you understand by minterms?
d. Why full adder is needed?
e. What is duality principle?
f. Name two universal gates.
g. Convert 6418 to decimal.
h. Which converter is used for R-2R ladder network?
i. What is decade counter?
j. Find the 2’s complement representation of decimal number -17.
k. Write the truth table of 3-input XOR gate.
l. Write the full form of PAL and PLA.
m. Name different types of shift registers.
n. What is tri state buffer?
o. Why parity bit is used?

Group – B

4. Answer the questions in short (any five): 2×5

a. State De-Morgans theorem.
b. Subtract 75 from 30 using 2’s complement method.
c. Describe operation of XOR gate as a controlled inverter.
d. Explain the difference between Edge triggering and Level triggering.
e. Define fan in and fan out in logic family.
f. What do you mean by resolution of a D/A converter?
g. What are the differences between PAL and PLA?
h. Convert the following binary code 101101 to Gray Code.

Group – C

5. Answer the following questions (any one): 1×6

a. What are the difference between Combinational circuit and sequential circuit? Prove
De-Morgans theorem. 3+3
b. Simplify by using K-map – F(A,B,C,D) = m (0,1,3,4,5,7,10,13,14) + d(2,9,12)
c. Explain how you will build an 8:1 MUX using two 4:1 MUX.
6. Answer the following questions (any one): 1×6
a) What is Race around condition? Convert SR flip-flop into T flip-flop.
b) Design a 3 bit UP-DOWN counter.
c) Describe the working of PISO register.

7. Answer the following questions (any one): 1×6

a) Describe the operation of Flash-type ADC.
b) Explain the working principle of 555 timer as astable multivibrator.
c) Explain the operation of R-2R ladder type DAC.