Course Code: CE 410

Course Title: Hydraulics

Section: CE-3110
Date: December 11, 2022
Time:
Sr Code: 20-05917
Name of Student: Christine Z. Salamat
Problem Set No. 1
Problem 1. 6 m3 of soil weight 47 kN, calculate the following.
1) Specific Weight 2) Density
Given: Given:
Weight = 47 kN Y = 7.8333
kN
Volume = 6 m 3 3 m
kN
Required: Yw = 9.81
m3
Specific Weight
Required:
Solution: Density
W 47kN kN Solution:
Y= = 3
=7.8333 3 Conversion:
V 6m m 1 Kn = 1000 N
kN kN 1000 N N
Y=7.8333 3 7.8333 3 × =7833.3 3
m m 1 kN m
Y 7833.3N kg
P= = =798.5015 3
Yw 9.81 m
kg
P =798.5015 3
m
 3) Specific Gravity Solution:
Given: GS =
Y
kN Yw
Y = 7.8333 3 kN
m 7.8333 3
kN GS = m
Yw = 9.81 9.81
m3
GS =0.7985
Required:
Specific Gravity

Problem 2. For the open tank with piezometers attached on the side,
contains two different liquids.

4) Find the elevation of 5) Pressure at the bottom of the

the liquid in piezometer tank:
A = 2m Required:
Pbottom
The elevation of the liquid
at piezometer is already Solution:
provided in the given figure
Pbottom = 9.81 (0.72) (2-0.3) + 9.81
(2.36) (0.3)
Pbottom = 18.9529 kPa

5) Elevation of the liquid at Solution:

piezometer B: 0+9.81(0.72)(1.7)+9.81(2.3
Required: 6)(0.3)-2.36(h)(9.81)=0
h Elevation 0+0.819 = 0.189 m
Problem 3. A cylinder glass tubing 2.8 cm. inside diameter and 90
cm long with one end closed is immersed vertically with the open end
down into a tank of cleaning solvent (sp.gr. = 0.73) until only 5 cm.
of its length remain above the liquid surface. If the barometric
pressure is 1 kg/cm2 and neglecting vapor pressure,
7) How high will the fluid rise in Using Boyle’s Law:
the tube? P1V1=P2V2
Height of fluid rise in the tube: 1(554.18)=(1+0.00073h)(h+5)
P1 = 1kg/cm2
P2 = P1 + wh 544.18 + +5)
1000(0.73)(h) kg (m) 3 =(1 0.00073h)(h
6.158
P2 = 1 + ( )
(100)3 m3 (1003 cm3
P2 = 1 + 0.00073h kg/cm2 89.99=h+0.00073h2+5+0.00
365h
π 89.99=0.00073h2 + 1.00365h
V1 = (2.8)2 (90)
4 +5
V1 = 554.1769 cm3
H2 + 1374.86h-116424.657=0
π h = 80 cm
V2 = (2.8)2 (h+5) x = 90 - 5 - 80
4
V2 = 6.158(h+5) x = 5 cm
 8) Height of air inside the 9) Force required to maintain
glass: equilibrium
h + 5 = 85 cm PA = YhA
π(0.028)2
F=9810 (0.80)
4
F=4.8324N

Problem 4. The 8 ft. diameter cylinder weighs 500 lb. and rests on
the bottom of a tank that is 3 ft. long. Water and oil are poured
into the left and right portions of the tank to depths of 2 ft.
and 4 ft. respectively.
10) Find the horizontal
component of the force that
will kept the cylinder touching
the tank at B. Ph = P2-P1
P1 = YwhA Ph = 1123.2 - 374
P1 = 62.4 (1)(2)(3) Ph = 749.2 lb.
P1 = 374 lb.
P2 = YwhA
P2 = 62.4(2)(4)(3)(0.75)
P2 = 1123.2 lb.
 11) Vertical component of the 12) Force that will keep the
force that will push up the cylinder touching the tank
cylinder: at B:
π(4)2 FB + 500 = 2684
FV2=62.4 (3)(0.75)
4 FB = 2184 lb. (downward)
FV2 = 1764llb.
π(4)2 (60) 2(4)sin600
FV1=62.4( - )(3)
360 2
FV1=920
FV = 1764 + 920
FV = 2684 lb.

Problem 5. The 6 ft. diameter cylinder weighs 5000 lb. and is 5 ft.
long.
13) Determine the upward force 14) Horizontal reaction at
due to the effect of oil in A:.
the left side. Ph = YwhA
Pv = YwV Pv = (62.4)(0.8)(3)(6)(5)
2
π(3) Pv = 4492.8 lb. to the left.
Pv = (62.4)(0.8)( )(5)
2
Pv = 3528.6369 lb. (upward)
 15) Vertical Reaction at B:
RB + Pv= 5000
RB = 5000 - 3529
Pv = 1471.3631 lb. (upward)

Problem 6. From the figure shown.

16)Compute the horizontal 17)Vertical component of the

component of the hydrostatic force
hydrostatic π(6)2
force. Pv = (62.4) (1)
4
Ph = YwhA Pv = 1764.3184 lb.
Ph = (62.4)(3)(6)(1)
Ph = 1123.2 lb.
 18)Location of the vertical
component horizontally from
B:
4r
X=
3π
4(6)
X=
3π
4(6)
X=
3π
X = 2.5465 ft. from B

Problem 7. A concrete dam retaining water is shown. If the specific

weight of concrete is 23.5 kN/m3.
19) Find the factor of safety F.S. =
(0.48)(493.5)
against sliding. 176.20
P = YhA F.S. = 1.3444
P = 9.79 (3)(6)(1)
P = 176.20 Kn
2(7)
w1 = (1)(23.5)
2
w1 = 164.5 Kn
w2 = 2(7)(1)(23.5)
w2 = 329 Kn
Ry = 164.5 + 329
Ry = 493.5 Kn
Factor of safety against sliding:
uRy
F.S. =
P
20) Find the factor of 21) Find the max. and min.
safety against overturning if pressure intensity.
the coeff. of friction is
0.48. Ry x = RM – OM
1206-352.4
OM = P(2) X=
OM = 176.20 (2) 493.5
OM = 352.4 kN-m X = 1.73
e = 2 - 1.73
e = 0.27
RM = w1 (1.333) + w2 (3)
RM = 164.5 (1.333) + 329(3) Ry 6e
Pmin = (1- )
RM = 1206 kN-m B B
493.5 6(0.27)
RM
Pmin = (1- )
4 4
FS = Pmin = 73.4081 Kn/m2
OM
1206
FS = R 6e
352.4
FS = 3.4222 Pmax = (1- )
B B
493.5 6(0.27)
Pmax = (1 + )
4 4
Pmax = 173.3419 Kn/m2
Problem 8. A prismatic object 200 mm thick by 200 mm wide by
400 mm long is weighed in water at a depth of 500 mm and found
to be 50 N.
22) Find its weight in air 23) Find its specific gravity.
W = BF + 50 GS =
206.96
BF = 0.2(0.2)(0.4)(9810) 156.96
BF = 156.96 GS = 1.3186

W = 156.96+50
W = 206.96 N
24) Find its specific weight.
Specific weight
=1.32
9.81
Specific weight = 12.94 kN/m3
Check:
206.96
=12935 N/m3
0.2(0.2)(0.4)
= 12.9350 Kn/m3
Problem 9. Based on the figure shown below.
W = BF
25) What fraction of the (7.3)(V)(9.81) = V1 (9.81)(13.6)
volume of a solid object of V = 1.863V1
sp.gr. 7.3 floats above the V1 = 0.536V
surface of a container of V2 = 0.464 V
mercury? V2
=0.4647V
V
 27) What load applied vertically
26) If the volume of the that would
object below the liquid cause the object to be fully
surface is 0.014 m3, what is submerged?
the wt. of the object.
Load to cause the object to
V1 = 0.014 submerged:
V = 1.863 (0.014)
V = 0.026m3 P = V2 (9.81) (13.6)
P = 0.464 (0.026) (9.81) (13.6)
W = 0.026 (9.81)(7.3) P = 1.6095 kN
W = 1.8619 kN

Problem 10. A hydrometer weighs 0.002 kg has a stem at the

upper end, which is 3 mm in diameter. How much deeper will it float
in oil (sp.gr. = 0.78) than in alcohol having sp.gr. of 0.82?
28) In alcohol: (GS = 0.82) In ol: (GS = 0.78)
BF = W BF = W
(9810)(0.82)V1 = 0.002(9.81) (9810)(0.78)V1 = 0.002(9.81)
V1 = 2.44 X 10-6m3 V2 = 2.56 X 10-6m3
V1 = 2440 mm3 V1 = 2560 mm3
 V = V1 – V2
V = 2560 – 2440
V = 120 mm3
π 2
(3) h=120
4
h = 16.9765 mm

Problem 11. A piece of wood of sp.gr. 0.651 is 3 in. square and 5

ft. long.
29) What is the volume of lead 30) Determine the weight of
having a unit weight of 700 the lead?
pcf that should be fastened at
one end of the stick so W=VxD
that it will float upright in 1 ft. W = 0.00456 (700)
out of water? W = 3.1920 lb.
Volume of lead: 31) Determine the total weight
W1 W2 = BF1+BF2
+ of lead and the wood.
3 3
0.651 ( )( )(5)(62.4)+700V 3
+0.651 ( )
3 3
12 12 Total Weight = 3.19
12
= ( )( )(4)(62.4)+62.4V 3
12 12
3 ( )(5)(62.4)
V = 0.00456 ft 12
Total Weight = 15.8845 lb.