Septem

Phil.Litt1 ber 19,

2022

Elements of Short
Story
BSHM-
3
sson 2
Le
 Setting

Elements Characters

of a Plot

Short Conflict

Story Point of View

Theme
 Setting
ca ti o n . W h e re is th e a ct ion o f
Place - Geographical lo
the story taking place?
e sto ry ta k in g p la ce ? (H isto ri ca l
Time - When is th
period, time of day, year, etc.)
It is ra iny ,s u n n y ,sto rm y,e tc .?
Weather Conditions -
itions - W h a t is th e d a ily lif e o f the
Social Cond
es th e st o ry co n ta in lo ca l co lo r
characters like? Do
ech
(writing that focuses on the spe
st o m s,,e tc , o f a p a rticu lar pla ce)?
,dress,mannerisms,cu
 Setting
here - W h at fe e ling is created at
Mood or Atmosp
?Is it brig h t an d chee rful or
thebeginning of the story
dark and frightening
 Characters
Character - a person, or sometimes even an animal,
who takes part in the action of a short or a piece of
literary work.

Main Characters - those who are most important in the

story.

Minor Characters - usually static or unchanging.

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 Protagonist- is the character with whom the reader
empathizes

Characters
According to
Principality
Antagonist - is the character that goes against the
protagonist
 Dynamic- a character that exhibits noticeable
development

Characters
According to
Development
Static - a character who exhibits no changes
development
 Round- a character that displays different/ multiple
personalities throughout the story

Characters
According to
Personality
Flat- is the character that reveals conventional traits;
who remains the same throughout the story
 Characterization
Characterization - is the method used by the writer/author to
reveal the personality of the character/s.

The Characters are revealed according to:

Actions of the character
Thoughts of the character
Descriptions of the character
Descriptions of other characters
Descriptions of the author

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 Circular plot - a kind of plot where
linear development of the story
merges with an interruption in the
chronological order to show an event
that happened in the past.

Plot
Linear plot - En Medias Res - a
Moves With the KINDS
OF PLOT
kind of plot where
natural
the story
sequence of
events whre commences in the
It is the sequence of events actions are middle part of the
in a story or play. arranged action.
sequentially.
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Introduction Rising Action Climax

Falling Action Denouement

PYRAMID PATTERN OF A PLOT
Conflict is the composition of forces which ties one
incident to another and makes the plot move.

TWO MAJOR TYPES

EXTERNAL - A struggle with a force outside one's self.

INTERNAL - a struggle wihin the one's self : a person must
make some decison, overcome pain, quiet their temper,
resist an urge ,etc.
EXTERNAL
Man vs. Man - a type of conflict where one character in the story has
a problem with one or more of the other characters.
Man vs. Society - a type of conflict or problem with some element of
society the school , the law, the accepted way of doing things, and so
on.
Man vs. Nature - a type of conflict where a character has a problem
with some natural happening: snowstorms,typhoon,avalanche, bitter
cold, or any elements common to nature.
INTERNAL
Man vs. Self - is a type of conflict where a character has trouble
deciding what to do in a particular situatiom.
 First-Person POT - the story is told by the
protagonist or one of the characters who interacts
closely with the protagonist or other characters. (
using pronouns I, me,we, etc.)
Stream of Consciousness - the story is told so that
the reader feels as if they are inside the head of

Point of View one character and knows all their thoughts and
reactions.

Third- Person Omniscient Pot (third person) - the

narrator tells the story an all knowing point of view .
He can move from character to character. Event to
event, having free access to the thoughts, feelings
and motivations of his character to character, event to
event , having free free access to the thoughts,
feelings, and motivations of his characters and he
introduces information whre and when he chooses.
 Themes
The theme is the controlling idea or the central
insight.
It is the author's underlying meaning or main idea
that he is trying to convey.
The theme may be the author's thoughts about a
topic or view of human nature.

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