Chapter 1

Introduction
 Smog

Jinshanling Great Walls, China Harbin, China, Oct. 21, 2013 Mexico City, Mexico

Tiananmen Square, China Harbin, China, Oct. 21, 2013 New Delhi, India

Shanghai, China Daegu, Korea Seoul, Korea

 Aerosol
• Aerosol
-Solid or liquid particles suspended in a gas
-Also, suspended particulate matter

• Effects
-Health
-Visibility
-Climate (hydrological cycle)
-Quality of life
• Aerosol technology
-“The study of the properties, behavior, and physical principles of
aerosols and the application of this knowledge to their measurement
and control”
-Needs understanding on physics, chemistry, physical chemistry,
engineering

• Application fields
-Air pollution control
-Industrial hygiene
-Inhalation toxicology
-Atmospheric physics and chemistry
-Radiological health
 How big is ambient aerosol

Fine particle you may find in your Coarse particle that

lungs PM that can do the most is collected in your
damage to your respiratory system nose and throat
Health effect of aerosol
Aerosol source & morphology (1)
Aerosol source & morphology (2)
 Definitions
• Droplets: liquid particles
• Particulate matter: solid particles or liquid droplets
• Primary aerosol: particles that are introduced directly into the
atmosphere
• Secondary aerosol: particles that are formed in the atmosphere by
chemical reactions of gaseous components (gas-to-particle conversion)
• Monodisperse aerosol: particles that are all the same size
• Polydisperse aerosol: particles that are in a range of size
 Particle Size, Shape, Density
• Size: 0.01~100 mm
• Shape
- Liquid: spherical
- Solid: complex shape
- Assumed as spherical in the development of theory of aerosol
properties  consider equivalent diameter
• Density
- Liquid, crushed, ground particles: equal to that of their parent
material
- Smoke, fume particles: less than that predicted from their
composition due to a large amount of void volume
 Aerosol concentration
• Mass concentration: mg/m3
• Number concentration: number/cm3