JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL

POLITEKNIK SULTAN HAJI AHMAD SHAH,

SEMAMBU,25350 KUANTAN, PAHANG.

AUTOMOTIVE WORKSHOP PRACTICE 1 REPORT

TASK ENGINE/CHASSIS/ELECTRICAL

TITLE 1. CONDUCT AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY TEST

2. CONDUCT AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY SERVICING AND
MAINTENANCE
3. CONDUCT JUMP START PROCEDURES

OBJECTIVE
1. To check the battery voltage value reading between the wet call
and dry cell.

2. To check the battery voltage value by using the multimeter.

3. To check the battery electrolyte condition value by using the

hydrometer.

4. To know the jump start procedures. 5. Learn to know the parts

of the wet cell battery as well as how to open.

SAFETY / CAUTION
1. Never allow both terminals to make contact with an item
simultaneously.
2. Do not hand-guide batteries during lifting/moving process. This
can be danger if the battery were to drop or shift.
3. Wear protective equipment when handling batteries including
gloves, eyewear and hardhat.
4. Never use spark-producing tools near battery.
5. Always follow the recommended procedures for battery testing
, charging , and for connecting jumper cables between two
batteries
 1. Multimeter
TOOLS 2. Battery Analyzer
3. Hydrometer
4. Portable Jump Starter
5. Jumper Cables

WORK STEPS WORK DETAILS

• A good battery is a battery that has a voltage between 12

– 14.
• Execute voltage measurement using multimeter. Check
for drain battery or parasitic loads using a multimeter.
• Connect the multimeter in series between the battery
negative terminal and ground cable connector.
• Check for battery discharge across the top of the battery
using a multimeter.
• Select the low voltage scale on the meter, connect the
negative (black) test lead to the battery’s negative post and
connect the positive (red) test lead to the top of the battery
case.
• The multimeter is set to ohms and sound to find the
voltage value.
• If the meter reading is more than 12 volt that means the
battery is in good condition, meanwhile if the meter
reading is less than 12 that means the battery is in a weak
state and needs to be replaced.
• The reading obtained on the wet cell battery after being
tested using a multimeter is 12.57 volts, this means that
the battery is still in good condition and usable.
• The reading obtained on the dry cell battery after being
tested using a multimeter is 12.16 volts, this means that
the battery is still in good condition and usable
WORK STEPS WORK DETAILS

Setting Up the Battery Analyzer

Set up the battery analyzer as follows:
• Connect the analyzer’s red lead to the positive
battery terminal.
• Connect the black lead to the negative battery
terminal.
• Check the analyzer’s display will not illuminate
and show four zeros to indicate a good connection
.The analyzer’s display will not illuminate if there
is a poor connection .
• Connections the teeth on both sides of each
clamp must contact the battery terminal. Rock both
clamps back and forth to ensure a good electrical
connection.
• Proceed to charging the battery if you have not
charged the battery before test.
• Press the Test Mode key once if you charged the
battery before the test . The “After Charge” LED
will light.
WORK STEPS WORK DETAILS

PERFORMED TESTS ON 1 TYPES OF CARS

• This test will be done on 1 types of cars, namely Mazda
by using multimeter to check the voltage value for each
battery.
• Set the multimeter to ohms and sound.
• Connect the red wire of the multimeter to the positive
battery terminal.
• Connect the black wire of the multimeter to the negative
battery terminal.
• Next, the test will be continued with mazda car that use
wet cell type batteries.
• The reading value obtained by the mazda car before the
engine is started is 11.57 volts.
• The reading value obtained when the engine is started is
13.76 volts.
• Next, the reading value obtained after 5 minutes the
engine is started is 13.76 volts and the second reading
value obtained is 13.74 volts while the third reading value
is 13.73 volts.
• The last reading is the reading after turning off the
engine which is 12.28 volts. This means the engine is in
good condition.
• Lastly, put the multimeter back to the place provided
WORK STEP WORK DETAILS

EXECUTE SPECIFIC GRAVITY MEASURAMENT

• Check the electrolyte level.
• Wear suitable eye protection.
• Open all vent cap.
• Use hydrometer to test the specific gravity and measurement
reading.
• Insert the tip of the hydrometer into the battery then squeeze the
top rubber so that the battery water enters the hydrometer.
• Take the reading on the hydrometer.
• The reading on the hydrometer for a wet battery is 1140, this
indicates the battery cell is in a discharged state for the first
reading.
• After the battery is recharged, the reading on the hydrometer is
1225, this indicates the battery cell is in good condition.
• Next ,raise the tip of the hydrometer out slightly from the battery
to flush the battery water back into the battery.
• Re -close the vent cap neatly.
• Compare it to the hydrometer test table.
• Repeat the test to every cell
WORK STEP WORK DETAILS

Jump Start Procedures

1) Always read the owner’s manual! In the highly unlikely event
that your vehicle has a positive ground (very rare), the jump starting
instructions will be different. Also, some manufacturers do not allow
jump-starts.
2) Wear protective clothing and eye protection.
3) Turn the car off and remove the keys from the ignition.
4) Remove jewelry and never put your face near the battery.
5) Make sure the vehicle is not near any flammable liquids or gases,
including what may be on your hands.
6) Keep the charger as far away from the battery as the lengths of
the cables allow.
7) Look up your battery charger’s voltage in the owner’s manual.
Make sure it matches the jump starter’s output voltage. This is
normally a 12-volt supply.
8) Identify the positive (look for the “P,” “POS,” or “+” symbol) and
negative terminals (look for the “N,” “NEG,” or “-“ symbol) on your
car battery. Remove any excessive corrosion before attaching the
cables.
9) Identify the positive and negative clamps/clips on the portable
jump starter. The positive charger clamp is red and the negative
charger clamp is black.
10) Make sure the jump starter is “off” before attempting to connect
the jumper clamps to the vehicle’s battery.
11) Do not allow positive and negative clamps to come into contact
with each other
12) With both the car and jump starter turned off, connect the
jumper cables to the appropriate terminals.
a) First connect the red clamp to the positive terminal on the
battery.
b) Then, connect the black clamp to a clean, unpainted, and non-
moving metal part. Choose an area on the car’s frame or engine
block, far away from the battery, carburetor and fuel lines. Never
use fuel lines, engine rocker covers, or the intake manifold as
grounding points!
c) Make sure the clamps are solidly connected so they don’t get
shaken loose.
13) Once the jumper cables are firmly in place, you can turn on
the portable jump starter.
14) Now, you can try to turn the car on.
15) Do not crank the engine for more than 5 seconds. If the car
won’t turn on after the first attempt, wait around 2-3 minutes to
try again. You may need a new battery if the car won’t start after
4 or 5 attempts.
16) If you have to readjust the jumper clamps, turn the car and
jump starter off first. Only then should you try to improve the
connection.
17) After the engine starts, turn the jump starter off.
18) Then, remove the negative (black) clamp followed by the
positive (red) clamp. Now, safely store the portable jump starter.
19) You can remove protective glasses now.
20) After the clamps have been removed, allow the vehicle to idle
for several minutes before taking off. Now you can go home to
safety
TROUBLE SHOOTING Battery with a voltage value below 12 should be noted and
AND DIAGNOSIS
replaced immediately. For wet cell batteries, the battery water
must always be kept at the set level to prevent it from being
damaged. The frequency of addition of distilled water depends
on the weather and usage, between once every 4-6 weeks. Keep
in mind, if the battery water falls below the minimum level,
the battery may be damaged and required replacement of a new
battery. Check the jumper cables to see if the protective rubber
coating is warm. If so, this is a sign there is increased resistance
in the cables and enough current is not properly flowing to the
dead battery. Try jumping the vehicle with a different set of
cables

CONCLUSION We can find out the condition of the battery by using multimeter to
see the amount of voltage on a car battery whether it is a dry cell or a
wet cell. We can find out the appropriate voltage value for a good car
battery. We should maintain car batteries better in order to have a
longer lifespan