Identificación Carros MSRP-L03

12/1/03
Association of American Railroads

SAFETY AND OPERATIONS
(See copyright statement next page)
MANUAL OF STANDARDS
AND
RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
SECTION L
LETTERING
AND
MARKING OF CARS
ISSUE OF 2003
Effective December 1, 2003
Compiled under the direction of the Committees responsible for the subjects shown herein.
Published by
The Association of American Railroads

50 F Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20001-1564
© Copyright Association of American Railroads
Printed in U.S.A.
12/1/03
Copyright © 2003 by the Association of American Railroads (AAR)

Safety and Operations
50 F Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20001-1564
All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book in any
form. It is the AAR’s intention that this publication be used to pro-
mote the objectives of the AAR and its members for the safe, efficient,
and uniform interchange of rail equipment in North America. To this
end, only excerpts of a rule or specification may be reproduced by the
purchaser for their own use in promoting this objective. No portion of
this publication may be displayed or otherwise made available to
multiple users through any electronic distribution media including
but not limited to a local area network or the Internet. No portion may
be sold or used for advertisement or gain by any entity other than the
AAR and its authorized distributor(s) without written permission from
the AAR.
AAR Manual of Standards and Recommended Practices
12/1/03 Lettering and Marking of Cars
ORDERING INFORMATION
Copies of the various sections of this manual can be obtained as follows:
ORDERS FOR Publications Department

PUBLICATIONS Transportation Technology Center, Inc.
P.O. Box 11130
55500 DOT Road
Pueblo, CO 81001
Email: pubs@ttci.aar.com
Phone: Toll-free 877-999-8824, Direct 719-584-0538
Fax: 719-584-7157
TTCI Web page: www.ttci.aar.com
CIRCULAR Subscriptions to Circular Letters of the AAR Safety and Operations’ Technical
LETTER Services are available in hardcopy or electronic format (online access via AAR’s
SUBSCRIPTIONS Web page at www.aar.org). Circulars are issued at least monthly and include
industry letter ballots and results, arbitration decisions, notification of rules and
standards revisions, industry early warning and maintenance advisories, and
other information related to mechanical rules and standards. Annual subscriptions
commence on July 1 and terminate on June 30 of each year.
For ordering information, contact the following:
Phone: Toll-free 877-999-8824, Direct 719-584-0538
Fax: 719-584-7157
Email: pubs@ttci.aar.com
AAR Web page: www.aar.org
TTCI Web page: www.ttci.aar.com
TECHNICAL For technical questions regarding this manual, contact the following:
QUESTIONS Manager—Equipment Standards
Transportation Technology Center, Inc.
P.O. Box 11130
55500 DOT Road
Pueblo, CO 81001
Email: eec@ttci.aar.com
Phone: 719-585-1883
Fax: 719-585-1895
12/1/03 L–i
THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY
L–ii 12/1/03
TO THE USER
Section L—Lettering and Marking of Cars, Manual of Standards and Recommended Practices,
Association of American Railroads (AAR), contains the AAR standard classifications and designa-
tions of all types of cars and the details concerning location, style, and size of all information that
must be stencilled or otherwise placed on freight cars.
USER’S GUIDE
Section L consists of the following:
• Preface: a listing of the subjects covered in all sections (the volumes making up this man-
ual). This preface is part of each section.
• Table of Contents in Alphabetical Sequence: a generalized subject listing that indi-
cates applicable specifications, standards, and recommended practices.
• Table of Contents in Numerical Sequence: a listing of the specifications (M prefix),
standards (S prefix), and recommended practices (RP prefix).
• Specifications, Standards and Recommended Practices: the body of this volume
deals specifically with designation of general service freight cars and their marking and
lettering.
• Appendix A: Revised Page Dates: the latest revision date of each page in Section L.
RELATED SECTIONS
Section L—Lettering and Marking of Cars, can be considered to stand alone. Other sections
and the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules may require that components be stencilled with
inspection and/or periodic maintenance data.
RESPONSIBILITY
The coverage of Section L—Lettering and Marking of Cars, is the responsibility of the AAR
Equipment Engineering Committee, unless otherwise specified.
12/1/03 L–iii
PREFACE
The Manual of Standards and Recommended Practices of the Technical Services Division, As-
sociation of American Railroads, is issued by authority of the Management Committee of the Divi-
sion and includes all regularly adopted specifications, standards, and recommended practices of the
Association of American Railroads.
The manual is composed of the following sections:
• Section A, Part I—Table of Contents, Alphabetical and Numerical Index of Sections A
through N inclusive
• Section A, Part II—Miscellaneous Specifications, Standards (010 Series), and Recom-
mended Practices (010 Series)
• Section A, Part III—Vacant
• Section B—Couplers and Freight Car Draft Components (100 Series)
• Section C—Car Construction—Fundamentals and Details (200 and 2000 Series)
• Section C, Part II, Volume 1—Specifications for Design, Fabrication, and Construction of
Freight Cars, M-1001
• Section C, Part II, Volume 2—Appendices M-1001
• Section C, Part III—Specifications for Tank Cars, M-1002
• Section D—Trucks and Truck Details (300 and 3000 Series)
• Section D, Part II—Code for Designating Design Features for Side Frames and Truck Bol-
sters (300 and 3000 Series)
• Section E—Brakes and Brake Equipment (400 and 4000 Series)
• Section E, Part II—Electronically Controlled Brake Systems
• Section F—Vacant
• Section G—Wheels and Axles (600 Series)
• Section G, Part II—Wheel and Axle (Shop) Manual (600 Series)
• Section H—Journal Bearings and Lubrication (700 Series)
• Section H, Part II—Roller Bearing (Shop) Manual (700 Series)
• Section H, Part III—Lubrication (Shop) Manual (700 Series)
• Section I—Intermodal Equipment Manual
• Section J—Specification for Quality Assurance, M-1003
• Section K—Railway Electronics
• Section K, Part II—Railway Communications
• Section L—Lettering and Marking of Cars (900 Series)
• Section M—Locomotives and Locomotive Equipment
• Section N—Multi-Level Manual
Specifications are designated with an “M” prefix (e.g., M-900). Standards are prefixed “S” (e.g.,
S-900). Recommended Practices carry the prefix “RP”( e.g., RP-900). The prefix “S” or “RP” will be
followed by a three- or four-digit number. The first digit, 0 through 9, indicates the section in which
the standard or recommended practice can be found, as shown in parentheses above.
L–iv 12/1/03
SECTION L
TABLE OF CONTENTS IN
ALPHABETICAL SEQUENCE
Subject Standard Page

Adhesive-Backed Films. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-947 L–1
Application Specification for Positionable, Pressure-Activated, Adhesive-Backed
Films for Lettering and Marking of Freight Cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-947 L–7
Approved Adhesive-Backed Film . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-947 L–10
Painting Stencils on Decals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M-947 L–9
Lettering and Marking of Cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–22
Articulated and multiunit intermodal cars—TOFC and COFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–40
Boxcars and refrigerator cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–30
Boxcars Equipped with Removable Crossbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RP-901 L–52
Cars Equipped with Antipilferage Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RP-902 L–53
Cars Equipped with Loading Bars and Movable Bulkheads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-911 L–46
Clear Door Opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-912 L–47
Clearance Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-913 L–48
Flatcars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–32
Gondola cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–34
Gondola Cars with Wood Floors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RP-904 L–56
Hopper cars—covered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–36
Hopper cars—open . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–38
Lading Strap Anchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RP-903 L–55
Multilevel auto rack cars—fully enclosed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–44
Typical lettering style car reporting marks and numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–27
Mechanical Designations
Boxcar—Class X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-908 L–20
Caboose—Class N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-904 L–17
Flatcar—Class F. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-900 L–11
Gondola Car—Class G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-901 L–12
Hopper Car—Class H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-902 L–14
Maintenance of Way Equipment—Class MW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-909 L–21
Passenger Car. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RP-900 L–51
Refrigerator Car—Class R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-905 L–18
Special Car—Class L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-903 L–16
Tank Car—Class T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-907 L–19
Stencilin
Loading Stencil—Refrigerator Car Floor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-915 L–50
Metrication Stenciling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-914 L–49
Typical Stenciling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S-910 L–29
12/1/03 L–v
SECTION L
TABLE OF CONTENTS IN
NUMERICAL SEQUENCE
Standard Subject Page

M-947 Adhesive-Backed Films . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–1
RP-900 Passenger Car. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–51
RP-901 Boxcars Equipped with Removable Crossbars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–52
RP-902 Cars Equipped with Antipilferage Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–53
RP-903 Lading Strap Anchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–55
RP-904 Gondola Cars with Wood Floors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–56
S-900 Flatcar—Class F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–11
S-901 Gondola Car—Class G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–12
S-902 Hopper Car—Class H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–14
S-903 Special Car—Class L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–16
S-904 Caboose—Class N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–17
S-905 Refrigerator Car—Class R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–18
S-907 Tank Car—Class T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–19
S-908 Boxcar—Class X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–20
S-909 Maintenance of Way Equipment—Class MW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–21
S-910 Lettering and Marking of Cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–22
S-911 Cars Equipped with Loading Bars and Movable Bulkheads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–46
S-912 Clear Door Opening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–47
S-913 Clearance Plates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–48
S-914 Metrication Stenciling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–49
S-915 Loading Stencil—Refrigerator Car Floor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L–50
L–vi 12/1/03
M-947
ADHESIVE-BACKED FILMS
FOR MARKING CARS
Specification
M-947
Adopted: 1975; Revised: 1992, 2002

1.0 GENERAL
This specification became effective January 1, 1980.
1.1 All materials supplied must conform to the standards established by the Association of Amer-
ican Railroads, and meet dimensional requirements as set forth in the Field Manual of the AAR
Interchange Rules.
1.2 Material, color, and clear coat of the supplier (or suppliers if different) for background and
printed film must meet durability requirements of 8 years of service, in accordance with
paragraph 4.2. Written warranty from the material manufacturer to this effect must be provided
to the Chief—Technical Standards, Transportation Technology Center, Inc.
1.3 Substitutions of AAR-approved materials, processes, copy, colors, size, etc., may not be made
without individual written approval by the Association of American Railroads.
1.4 Each vendor intending to supply finished decals of consolidated stencils in accordance with
this specification must be certified as an acceptable supplier by the Association of American Rail-
roads.
1.4.1 Prior to certification, the AAR, at its option, may send one or more inspectors to the ven-
dor’s premises to evaluate the vendor’s ability to supply material to this specification. Such inspec-
tion will include, but is not limited to, quality control of products and processes, maintenance of
records and procedures, and control of purchased materials and services. Inspectors shall have
free access to all phases of the work, excluding areas of proprietary nature.
1.4.2 The AAR, at its option, may request samples of vendor products, both in process and fin-
ished form, or request that material be tested by an independent testing laboratory and that cop-
ies of test reports be furnished to the AAR for evaluation of vendor conformance with these
specifications.
1.4.3 Notice of certification shall be forwarded by letter. In addition, certified vendors will be
listed in Appendix C, “Approved Adhesive-Backed Film.”
1.4.4 The AAR reserves the right to withdraw certification at any time for what it considers a
suitable cause.
2.0 MATERIAL
2.1 Background film shall be precoated with a positionable, pressure-activated, adhesive backing
that can be applied to car sides at a surface temperature 40 °F (–4 °C) minimum up to 100 °F
(38 °C) maximum and remain positionable until bonded by pressure, thereafter adhering perma-
nently to the car side. Letters and numbers shall be pressure-sensitive and meet all other criteria
as set forth in this specification.
2.1.1 An adhesive shall be deemed to be positionable if, after initial contact and prior to bonding,
the precoated adhesive allows accurate positioning of the material up to 100 °F (38 °C). After ini-
tial positioning, the material shall be able to be separated from the surface and be repositioned by
hand without tearing, stretching, or wrinkling.
2.1.2 The film shall be free of streaks, blisters, ragged edges, and other surface imperfections that
would make it unsuitable for the intended usage.
12/1/03 L–1
M-947
2.1.3 The films’ surface shall be receptive to and provide adequate adhesion of screened back-
ground, copy, and clear coating.
2.2 The adhesive shall be protected with an easy-release treated paper backing that shall be eas-
ily removable without soaking in water or other solvents.
2.3 The face of the background film shall be premasked with an application tape designed for
easy removal after application of stencil film to car sides.
3.0 PROCESSING
3.1 Colors and Clear Coat
3.1.1 The black background color shall be applied by reverse screen printing After the color has
been dried, a clear coating shall be applied by screen printing using coatings recommended by the
film manufacturer. All colors and clear coatings shall be dried using film manufacturer’s recom-
mendation.
3.2 Premasking
3.2.1 Following thorough drying of the clear coat, background film shall be premasked, wrin-
kle-free, using the application tape (see paragraph 2.3).
3.3 Letters and Numbers
3.3.1 The letters and numbers shall be white on black background, reverse screen printed on
white film. For consolidated stencils, the size of the individual letter and number tabs shall be
13/16 in. wide × 1 1/8 in. high. For capacity and weight stencils, the letter and number tabs
shall be 2 9/16 in. wide × 3 3/8 in. high. The adhesive liner on each letter and number shall be
scored for easy removal and to facilitate alignment. Larger tabs with two or more characters
must be made in 13/16-in. or 2 9/16-in. multiples of the individual characters.
3.4 Specifications
Processing specifications and techniques must be established for each set of materials and must be
included as part of the approval request for a particular material.
3.5 Identification
3.5.1 Each background film must be identified in the lower right-hand corner with the manufac-
turer’s name or initials and the date of manufacture, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th quarter, and last two dig-
its of the year.
4.0 REQUIRED PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MARKINGS
4.1 Temperature Requirements
Properly applied stencil films must perform satisfactorily in climatic temperature ranges from
–40 °F to 200 °F (–40 °C to 93 °C).
4.2 Exterior Exposure
Properly applied films, processed as indicated in paragraph 3.0 and applied vertically to railroad
car sides according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, must retain legibility and black and
white colors under normal railroad environmental conditions for a minimum of 8 years with no
appreciable deterioration, such as blistering, delamination, or loss of adhesion. A slight amount of
chalking and cracking shall be permissible. A normal dirt and grime accumulation will occur over
the markings, which can be removed as necessary with recommended cleaners.
4.3 Adhesives
There shall be no effect on the adhesive tack or performance following exposure of the adhesive
face under a new General Electric RS sunlamp for a period of 6 hours at a distance of 8 in.
(20.3 cm).
L–2 12/1/03
M-947
4.4 Hiding
The film shall be sufficiently opaque, when applied, to hide the contrasting black printed legend
and white surface of a Morest Form 03 Hiding Power Chart.
4.5 Adhesion
4.5.1 Test panels shall be prepared at 75 °F ± 5 °F (24 °C ± 3 °C) by applying a 6 1/2-in. ×
6 1/2-in. (16.5-cm × 16.5-cm) piece of film using a squeegee and firm pressure to a degreased
and etched 6-in. × 6-in. (15-cm × 15-cm) piece of .025-in. (0.64-mm) aluminum, trimming the
excess evenly to the panel’s edge and aging for 48 hours at 75 °F ± 5 °F (24 °C ± 3 °C).
4.5.1.1 When prepared as specified above, the applied markings shall adhere securely when sub-
jected to any temperature within the range of –40 °F (–40 °C) to +200 °F (93 °C) and shall not
crack, chip, or peel. The adhesive bond shall be sufficient to resist failure when gouged with a
spatula at –10 °F (–23 °C).
4.5.1.2 The film shall resist peeling from the application surface when a 2.5 lb/in. (1.1 kg/2.5 cm)
width force is applied as outlined in ASTM D-903-49.
4.5.1.3 The precoated, pressure-activated adhesive shall allow positioning of the film background
on clean, dry surfaces without firm bonding. The film shall be easily repositionable without detri-
mental effect at temperatures between 40 °F (4 °C) and 100 °F (38 °C) provided it is only partially
tacked in place during initial positioning. See paragraph 2.1.1 for definition of positionable.
4.5.2 The film and marking, when subjected to a temperature of –20 °F (–29 °C) for 5 hours, shall
withstand, without cracking, the energy produced by the impact of a steel ball weighing 5 lb
dropped from a height of 2 ft. Test panel shall be placed marking side up on the flat, smooth, steel
impact plate that has been conditioned to –20 °F (–29 °C).
4.5.3 When subjected to a temperature of 150 °F (65 °C) for 1 week, the marking shall show no
delamination or loss of adhesion to the test panel.
4.5.4 The film shall not shrink more than 1/64 in. (0.4 mm) in any dimension from the edge of the
panel after being subjected to a temperature of 150 °F (65 °C) for 48 hours.
4.6 Solvent and Chemical Resistance
4.6.1 When test panels are prepared as noted below, the marking shall withstand immersion
in the following liquids at 75 °F ± 5 °F (24 °C ± 3 °C) for the specified times and when examined
1 hour after removal from the test solution, shall show no significant decrease in adhesion,
color, or general appearance.
Table 4.1 Test procedures—solvent and chemical resistance
Liquid Immersion Time (hr)
Reference fuel (MIL-M-43719—15 parts xylol and 85 1a/
parts mineral spirits by weight)
Distilled water 24
SAE #20 motor oil 24
a/ slight film softening permissible
4.6.2 Test panels shall be prepared by applying with firm squeegee pressure a 2-in. × 4-in.
(5-cm × 10-cm) piece of the marking on a 2 3/4-in. × 4 1/2 in. (7-cm × 12.2-cm) aluminum panel
and aging for 48 hours at 75 °F ± 5 °F (24 °C ± 3 °C). All panels shall be immersed in the test
solution to a depth of 2 in. to 3 in. (5 cm to 8 cm).
12/1/03 L–3
M-947
5.0 SHELF LIFE AND STORAGE

5.1 Marking materials may be stored up to 1 year and must still meet the requirements of this
specification. Storage shall be in a clean area that has an ambient temperature of 100 °F (38 °C) or
less and is free from excessive moisture and direct sunlight.
6.0 PACKAGING
Materials must be properly packaged to ensure arrival at destination in usable condition. Each
package must contain at least one copy of printed application instructions. Instructions that are
printed on the application tape (paragraph 2.3) are preferred.
7.0 FIELD SERVICE
Material manufacturer, if requested by the customer, shall provide surface preparation and appli-
cation demonstrations at locations designated by the customer. These services shall be available
for the warranted life of the materials.
8.0 SURFACE PREPARATION
8.1 Proper preparation of application surfaces is essential to provide high-quality, long-lasting
stencils. The stencil film can be applied to most clean, smooth, relatively nonporous, rigid, dry,
weather-resistant surfaces.
8.2 New Surfaces or Surfaces Requiring Finishing
8.2.1 Application to Primed Surfaces
Application can be made to primed surfaces without further preparation as soon as primer is dry
to touch.
Note: Finish coats, such as vinyl and acrylics, may require special premasks in accordance with
the manufacturer’s specifications.
8.2.2 Application to Newly Painted Surfaces
8.2.2.1 Wipe surfaces with a high-grade cleaner in accordance with the material manufacturer’s
recommendations to remove any contaminates with a paint surface that may affect adhesion. Dry
with a clean cloth to remove solvent residue. If the finish coat smears during cleaning, the paint is
not sufficiently dry to apply the stencil film.
8.2.2.2 Surface treatments and primer must adhere well to the base material and to subsequent
coats for permanence of stencil film applications.
8.2.2.3 Use only high-quality, exterior-grade paints. All long-oil-alkyd primers and enamels and
all oil-base paints, while of high quality, are slow drying and will adversely affect the adhesion of
stencil film; therefore, their use is not recommended.
8.2.2.4 Avoid finish paints that tend to chalk or bleed. Most flat metallic (aluminum or bronze) or
highly pigmented paints will chalk, flake, or spall when used as a finish coat. Tinted paints may
tend to bleed through stencil films.
8.2.2.5 Avoid paints containing migratory agents or agents to which adhesion is difficult. Some
paints may contain ingredients such as silicones, chlorinated waxes, or other ingredients in rela-
tively high ratios, to which little or no adhesion can be obtained. In the case of doubtful materials,
weathering experience should be acquired and the adhesion checked before proceeding.
8.2.2.6 Drying and curing times recommended by the paint manufacturers must be observed.
Baked enamels can be used immediately after cooling. All air-drying paints should be allowed to
dry fully prior to application of stencil films.
L–4 12/1/03
M-947
8.2.2.7 As a result of some paints’ extremely smooth surface, applied film may not initially
exhibit maximum adhesion. A short period of exposure, therefore, may be necessary before maxi-
mum adhesion is obtained.
8.3 Other than New Surfaces
8.3.1 Remove all dirt and grime, loose or oxidized paint, tars, oils, etc., larger than the marking
area to avoid adhesion contamination at edges and corners.
8.3.2 Use a cleaning pad and an acceptable industrial cleaner to remove dirt, grime, oils, and
greases.
Note: If car sides are cleaned without the aid of a pad, the application area should be lightly
sanded with 220- or 240-grit sandpaper to remove nibs and to level paint. Clean the sanded area
with a grease-free dry cloth, tack cloth, paper wiper, or dry paint brush.
8.3.3 After cleaning, thoroughly flush areas with adequate amounts of clean water and dry with
clean rags.
8.3.4 Wipe the area with an oil-free solvent, such as xylol or an equivalent safety solvent, and dry
with a clean rag to remove solvent residue.
Caution: When using solvents for clean-up, proper precautionary measures for handling such
materials, as established by the manufacturers of these products, must be observed.
9.0 APPLICATION
9.1 Background Film
After properly cleaning and preparing the car-side surface, background film can be applied by
removing the protective liner from the adhesive side of the material and following the application
instructions of the material manufacturer.
After removing the premask from the background film, the letters and numbers can be applied to
the background film by removing the protective liner and following the application instructions of
the material manufacturer.
9.3 Application Temperatures
9.3.1 Stencil markings may be applied at any time except when the application surface tempera-
ture is 20 °F (–7 °C) or below, when it is raining or snowing, during dust storms, or when ice or
frost is present on the application surface.
9.3.2 For temperatures between 20 °F (–7 °C) and 40 °F (4 °C), do the following:
9.3.2.1 Heat the surface to remove any condensation.
9.3.2.2 Brush a thin coat of 422 primer (ACI primer) on the application area only.
9.3.2.3 Allow the primer to dry for approximately 10 minutes before applying the consolidated or
lightweight stencil marking.
9.3.2.4 After squeegeeing is complete, wait 5 minutes before removing the application tape.
10.0 PROCEDURE FOR PAINT STENCILING ON FILMS
The following procedure is recommended for application of stencil paint on the surface of position-
able, pressure-activated, adhesive-backed consolidated stencil films:
10.1 Clean the surface of the film with water and detergent to remove all dirt, grime, and oils.
Wipe the surface dry with clean rags.
12/1/03 L–5
M-947
10.2 Apply by aerosol spray a 1–2 mil (dry) uniform coating of an AAR-approved stencil black, of
either alkyd (xylene solvent base only), acrylic, or chlorinated rubber type, depending upon the
type of film, to cover old lettering. (See paragraphs 10.4.1 and 10.4.2 to check paint adhesion and
compatibility between paint and film.)
10.3 Allow black stencil paint to dry approximately 1 1/2 hours before recoating with white sten-
cil paint.
10.4 Apply by aerosol spray a 2–3 mil (dry) uniform coat of an AAR-approved stencil white, of
either alkyd (xylene solvent base only), acrylic, or chlorinated rubber type, for restenciling.
10.4.1 Note: To check stencil paint adhesion to the film, apply masking tape pressed firmly over
the dry paint, keeping one end loose. Pull tape away from the surface at 90° with a rapid snap.
Check the tape adhesive side and the stenciled paint for signs of poor paint adhesion to film. If fail-
ure occurs, the paint is not satisfactory and another must be selected and tested.
10.4.2 Note: To check stencil paint compatibility to film, apply a drop of paint on the black por-
tion of the stencil film. Wipe it off after 1 minute. If the surface is blistered, severely softened, or
wrinkled or if black is removed from the film, the paint is not satisfactory and another must be
selected and tested.
L–6 12/1/03
M-947 APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
APPLICATION SPECIFICATION FOR POSITIONABLE,
PRESSURE-ACTIVATED, ADHESIVE-BACKED FILMS FOR LETTERING
AND MARKING OF FREIGHT CARS
1.0 GENERAL
1.1 Stencil marking applications to steel are recommended only after the surface has been pro-
tected with a permanent prime and/or paint coating.
1.2 All surfaces must be cleaned before application. There should be no opportunity for the pre-
pared surfaces to come into contact with greases, oils, or other contaminants prior to application.
1.3 Any painted surface with bare or rust spots should be entirely resurfaced as recommended for
new surfaces. Rusted steel must be sanded, wire brushed, or sand-blasted clean.
2.0 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Properly applied stencil markings will perform satisfactorily in climatic temperature ranges
from –40 °F to +200 °F (–40 °C to 93 °C).
2.2 Stencil markings may be applied at any time except when the application surface tempera-
ture is 40 °F (4 °C) or below, when it is raining or snowing, during dust storms, or when ice or frost
is present on the application surface.
2.2.1 For temperatures between 20 °F (–7 °C) and 40 °F (4 °C), do the following:
2.2.1.1 Heat the surface to remove any condensation.
2.2.1.2 Brush a thin coating of 422 Primer (ACI primer) on the application area only.
2.2.1.3 Allow the primer to dry for 10 minutes before applying the consolidated or lightweight
stencil.
2.2.1.4 After squeegeeing is complete, wait 5 minutes before removing the application tape.
3.0 SURFACE PREPARATION
3.1 Proper preparation of application surfaces is essential to provide high-quality, long-lasting
stencil markings. The stencil markings can be applied to most clean, smooth, relatively nonporous,
rigid, dry, weather-resistant surfaces.
3.2 New Surfaces or Surfaces Requiring Finishing
3.2.1 Application to Primed Surfaces
Application can be made to primed surfaces without further preparation as soon as the primer is
dry to the touch.
Note: Finish coats, such as vinyl and acrylics, may require special premasks in accordance with
the manufacturer’s specification.
3.2.2 Application to New Painted Surfaces
3.2.2.1 Wipe the surface with a high-grade cleaner in accordance with the material manufac-
turer’s recommendations to remove any contaminates from the paint surface that may affect adhe-
sion. Dry with a clean cloth to remove solvent residue. If the finish coat smears during cleaning,
the paint is not sufficiently dry to apply the stencil film.
3.2.2.2 Surface treatments and primer must adhere well to the base material and to subsequent
coats for permanence of stencil-marking applications.
12/1/03 L–7
APPENDIX A M-947
3.2.2.3 Use only high-quality, exterior-grade paints. All long-oil-alkyd primers and enamels and
all oil-base paints, while of high quality, are slow drying and will adversely affect the adhesion of
stencil markings; therefore, their use is not recommended.
3.2.2.4 Avoid finish paints that tend to chalk or bleed. Most flat metallic (aluminum or bronze) or
highly pigmented paints will chalk, flake, or spall when used as a finish coat. Tinted paints may
tend to bleed through stencil markings.
3.2.2.5 Avoid paints containing migratory agents or agents to which adhesion is difficult. Some
paints may contain ingredients such as silicones, chlorinated waxes, or other ingredients in rela-
tively high ratios, to which little or no adhesion can be obtained. In the case of doubtful materials,
weathering experience should be acquired and the adhesion checked before proceeding.
3.2.2.6 Drying and curing times recommended by the paint manufacturers must be observed.
Baked enamels can be used immediately after cooling. All air-drying paints should be allowed to
dry fully prior to application of stencil markings.
3.2.2.7 As a result of some paints’ extremely smooth surface, applied film or sheeting may not ini-
tially exhibit maximum adhesion. A short period of exposure, therefore, may be necessary before
maximum adhesion is obtained.
3.3 Other than New Surfaces
3.3.1 Remove all dirt and grime, loose or oxidized paint, tars, oils, etc., larger than the marking
area to avoid adhesive contamination at edges and corners.
3.3.2 Use a cleaning pad and an acceptable industrial cleaner to remove dirt, grime, oils, and
greases.
Note: If car sides are cleaned without the aid of a pad, the application area should be lightly
sanded with 220- or 240-grit sandpaper to remove nibs and to level paint. Clean the sanded area
with a grease-free dry cloth, tack cloth, paper wiper, or dry paint brush.
3.3.3 After cleaning, thoroughly flush areas with adequate amounts of clean water and dry with
clean rags.
3.3.4 Wipe the area with an oil-free solvent, such as xylol or an equivalent safety solvent, and dry
with a clean rag to remove solvent residue.
Caution: When using solvents for clean-up, proper precautionary measures for handling such
materials, as established by the manufacturers of these products, must be observed.
4.0 APPLICATION
4.1 Background Film
After properly cleaning and preparing the car-side surface, background film can be applied by
removing the protective liner from the adhesive side of the material and following the application
instructions of the material manufacturer.
After removing the premask from the background film, the letters and numbers can be applied to
the background film by removing the protective liner and following the application instructions of
the material manufacturer.
L–8 12/1/03
M-947 APPENDIX B
APPENDIX B
PAINTING STENCILS ON DECALS
1.0 SCOPE
The following procedure is approved for application of stencil paint over the surface of position-
able, pressure-activated, adhesive-backed films for consolidated stencils and for capacity and
weight stencils.
2.0 PROCEDURE
2.1 Clean the surface with water and detergent to remove all dirt, grime, and oils. Wipe the sur-
face dry.
2.2 Apply by aerosol spray a 1–2 mil (dry) uniform coating of an AAR-approved stencil black, of
either alkyd (xylene solvent base only), acrylic, or chlorinated rubber type, depending upon the
type of film, to cover old lettering. (See paragraphs 2.5 and 2.6 of this appendix to check paint
adhesion and compatibility between paint and film.)
2.3 Allow black stencil paint to dry approximately 1 1/2 hours before recoating with white stencil
paint.
2.4 Apply by aerosol spray a 2–3 mil (dry) uniform coat of an AAR-approved stencil white, of
either alkyd (xylene solvent base only), acrylic, or chlorinated rubber type, for restenciling.
2.5 Note: To check stencil paint adhesion to film, apply masking tape pressed firmly over the
dry paint, keeping one end loose. Pull tape away from the surface at 90° with a rapid snap. Check
the tape adhesive side and the stenciled paint for signs of poor paint adhesion to film. If failure
occurs, the paint is not satisfactory and another must be selected and tested.
2.6 Note: To check stencil paint compatibility to film, apply a drop of paint on a black portion of
the stencil film. Wipe off after 1 minute. If the surface is blistered, severely softened, or wrinkled,
or if black is removed from the film, the paint is not satisfactory and another must be selected and
tested.
12/1/03 L–9
APPENDIX C M-947
APPENDIX C
APPROVED ADHESIVE-BACKED FILM
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Table C.1 contains a list of approved adhesive-backed films.
Table C.1 Approved adhesive-backed films
Product Manufacturer
3M Controltac No. 180-10 (Backing) 3M Center, St. Paul, MN 55144
3M Scotchcal 3690 (Marking) 3M Center, St. Paul, MN 55144
3M Scotchcal Film Series 7725 3M Commercial Graphics Division, 5909 Fairmont Drive, Plano,
TX 75093
3M Scotchcal Railroad Film Series 8000/VS0008 3M Center, St. Paul, MN 55144
A-D R-100 and V-5720 series (Reflective Materials) Avery Dennison, Graphics Division, 8364 Cheryl Drive,
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
Avery XL 1000 Series Avery Dennision, 250 Chester St., Painsville, OH 44077
Calon II Series 2100 Arlon, Inc., P.O. Box 5260, Santa Ana, CA 92704-0260
Dura Mark DMF 670, Rexcal 4000 Series Dura Mark, 341 Eddy Road, Cleveland, OH 44108
MACal 9800 CT series MACtac Graphic Products Division, Morgan Adhesives
Company, 4560 Darrow Road, Stow, OH 44224-1898
Meyercord 52P Series, 72A, 87V Meyercord, 365 East North Ave., Carol Stream, IL 60188
Meyercord RF800, RF802, RF812 (Reflective Materials) Meyercord, 365 East North Ave., Carol Stream, IL 60188
L–10 12/1/03
S-900
FLATCAR—CLASS F
(MECHANICAL DESIGNATION)
Standard
S-900

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class F
flatcars.
FA Flatcar specifically equipped with a superstructure or the superstructure is an integral component of the car used for
transporting set-up vehicles.
FB Bulkhead flatcar equipped with fixed or permanently attached movable bulkheads or ends a minimum of 3 ft high and
a flat floor for general commodity loading.
FBC Flatcar constructed with a center partition above the car deck from bulkhead to bulkhead.
FC Flatcar specifically equipped for transporting containers, chassis, and trailers in TOFC/COFC service.
FCA Flatcar, articulated or drawbar connected multiunit, specially equipped for transporting containers, chassis, and
trailers in TOFC/COFC service.
FD Depressed center flatcar of special construction having the portion of floor extending between trucks depressed to
provide necessary overhead clearance for lading.
Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

FDC Flatcar with a center partition above the deck from bulkhead to bulkhead and a depressed deck between the trucks.
FL Flatcar with or without straight deck consisting of two trucks fitted with cross supports over truck bolsters; the trucks
are connected with a skeleton or flexible frame or solid underframe fitted with supports for transporting lading loaded
lengthwise, e.g., logs, pipes, slab steel.
FM Flatcar with a straight deck or platform with flooring over sills and without sides, end risers, or bulkheads.
FW Flatcar with an opening in the deck to allow lading to be lowered to accommodate clearance restrictions.
Note: Where cars are specially modified or equipped for handling particular commodities, the let-
ter “S” must be affixed to the applicable designating letters. Such special equipment must be
reported in the fitting code field in the UMLER file, or a new field will be created. This is applica-
ble only to cars with FB or FM designation.
12/1/03 L–11
S-901
GONDOLA CAR—CLASS G
Standard
S-901

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class G
gondola cars.
GB Open top car having fixed or drop ends that may be equipped with drop bottom doors or swinging side doors to enable
dumping.
GS Open top car having fixed sides and ends and a drop bottom that consists of doors hinged at center sills or side sills
to dump outside and/or inside of rails.
Note: This drawing represents a typical car only. The number, size, and spacing of swing doors vary. Doors may op-
erate singly or in sets of two or more, in some cases from the side of the car and in other cases from the center sill.
GT Open top car having high fixed sides, fixed or hinged ends, and a solid bottom, suitable for unloading on dumping
machines only.
L–12 12/1/03
S-901
GW Open-top well-hole car for transportation of special commodities. A solid bottom car with fixed sides and ends, having
one or more openings or depressions provided in floor, permitting the lading to be lowered in order to obtain overhead
clearance.
Notes:
1. When gondola cars are equipped with any or all of the modifications as provided for the follow-
ing notes 2 and 3, the suffixes as provided for shall be added to the primary classification in the
order of the notes as listed.
2. When GB, GS, GT, or GW gondola cars are specially built, modified, or equipped for handling
particular commodities, the letter “S” must be affixed to the applicable designating letters. Such
special equipment must be reported in the fitting code field in the UMLER file.
3. When GB, GS, GT, or GW gondola cars are equipped with a roof for protection of the car’s con-
tents, the letter “R” must be affixed to the regular symbol to designate its special class of service.
12/1/03 L–13
S-902
HOPPER CAR—CLASS H
Standard
S-902

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class H
hopper cars.
HK Open top self-clearing car having fixed sides and ends and a bottom that consists of two or more divided hoppers
dumping outside and/or inside of rails (includes former HD and former HFA).

HM Open top self-clearing car having fixed sides and ends and a bottom that consists of two divided hoppers with doors
hinged crosswise of the car and dumping between rails.

HMA Open top self-clearing car having high fixed sides and ends and a bottom that consists of two divided hoppers with
doors hinged lengthwise of the car and dumping between rails.
L–14 12/1/03
S-902
HT Open top self-clearing car having fixed sides and ends and a bottom that consists of three or more divided hoppers
with doors hinged crosswise of the car and dumping between rails.

HTA Open top self-clearing car having fixed sides and ends and a bottom that consists of three or more divided hoppers
with doors hinged lengthwise of the car and dumping between rails.
Notes:
1. When cars qualified as “HK,” “HM,” or “HT” are specially built, modified, or equipped for han-
dling particular commodities, the letter “S” must be affixed to the applicable designating letters.
Such special equipment must be reported in the fitting code field in the UMLER file or in a new
UMLER field.
2. When cars qualified as “HK,” “HM,” or “HT” are equipped with a roof for protection of the lading,
the letter “R” must be affixed to the applicable designating letters and reported to the UMLER
file.
12/1/03 L–15
S-903
SPECIAL CAR—CLASS L
Standard
S-903

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class L
special cars.
LC Box car with side doors and roof hatches. May be equipped with end doors.
LF Flatcar equipped to handle one or more demountable containers for transporting commodities not qualified for
TOFC/COFC service.
LG Gondola car equipped to handle one or more demountable containers for the transportation of commodities not under
refrigeration.
LM A car equipped with one or more permanently enclosed tanks or containers, provided with one or more openings for
loading, and equipped for pneumatic or gravity unloading. Car is suitable for handling certain dry powdered or granular
commodities and also low-viscosity, nondangerous, liquid commodities.
LO A permanently enclosed car, other than a box car, regardless of exterior or interior shape, for handling bulk
commodities, with or without insulation, and provided with openings for loading through top or sides with weather-tight
covers or doors. Car may be provided with one or more bottom openings for unloading, with tight fitting covers, doors,
valves, or a tight-fitting slide or gate to prevent leakage of lading. Car may be provided with facilities for discharge of
lading through openings in top or sides and may have one or more compartments. Mechanical or other means may
be provided within the car to expedite loading or unloading.
LP Open top car having solid bottom and fixed ends equipped with a sloping floor or longitudinal floor risers or side-stakes
for the handling of pulpwood and not suitable for general commodity loading.
LS A car of special construction having two separable interlocking units that form a car body. Units may be separated and
the load interposed between them and locked in place to form a complete transportation unit.
LU An enclosed car with roof having a special metal beam of heavy design at top of each side to support a series of
retractable overhead side doors and their appurtenances, or other types of doors, running substantially the length of
the car. This beam also supports the roof. Car may be equipped with special loading devices or racks for handling
various commodities.
L–16 12/1/03
S-904
CABOOSE—CLASS N
Standard
S-904

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class N
caboose cars.
NE All cabooses
12/1/03 L–17
S-905
REFRIGERATOR CAR—CLASS R
Standard
S-905

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class R
refrigerator cars.
RB Bunkerless refrigerator car equipped with or without ventilating devices and with or without a device for attaching
portable heaters. Constructed with insulation in side, ends, floor, and roof to meet maximum UA factor requirement of
250 BTU/°F/hour for 50-ft cars and 300 BTU/°F/hour for 60-ft cars. Effective for cars ordered new after March 1,
1984(see Note 1).
RBL Car similar in construction to an RB type car, but equipped in addition with an adjustable loading or stowing device
(see Note 2).
RC Refrigerator car similar to an RB car using a cryogen to produce temperatures to transport frozen commodities.
RP Mechanical refrigerator car equipped with or without means of ventilation and provided with an apparatus for
furnishing protection against heat and/or cold.
RPL Mechanical refrigerator car similar to RP but equipped in addition with an adjustable loading or stowing device.
Notes:
1. Cars built or rebuilt prior to March 1, 1984, must have been constructed with a minimum of 3 in. of
insulation in the sides and ends and 3 1/2 in. in the floor and roof based on the insulation require-
ments given in the AAR Manual of Standards and Recommended Practices, Section C, Recommended
Practice RP-253 or a thickness reduced in proportion to the thermal conductivity of the insulation.
2. Cars that are equipped with interior side rails only, built new, rebuilt, or reclassified on and after Jan-
uary 1, 1966, in order to qualify for the RBL designation shall have a minimum of four usable side
rails on each wall of the car, each extending from the doorway to approximately 4 ft from the end of
the car.
L–18 12/1/03
S-907
TANK CAR—CLASS T
Standard
S-907

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class T
tank cars
T Tank car (see note)—any car that is used only in the transportation of liquids, liquefied gases, compressed gases, or
solids that are liquefied prior to unloading. Car may be without an underframe if the container serving as a
superstructure is designed to serve as an underframe. If the car has an underframe, it must be designed only for the
carriage of one or more enclosed containers (with or without compartments) that form the superstructure and are
integral parts of the car. All such containers must be securely attached to the underframe when offered for
transportation but may have demountable features. Before any car can be considered a tank car hereunder, the
design of all such containers thereon must have been approved 1) by the AAR Tank Car Committee as having met all
applicable AAR specifications and requirements and 2) by said Committee or, in appropriate cases, the Department
of Transportation, as having met all applicable specifications and requirements of Subpart I of the Regulations for
Transportation of Explosives and Other Dangerous Articles.
Note: For a listing of all tank car specifications, refer to the AAR Manual of Standards and Recommend-
ed Practices, Section C, Specification M-1002, Specification for Tank Cars, and/or the Field Manual of
the AAR Interchange Rules.
12/1/03 L–19
S-908
BOXCAR—CLASS X
Standard
S-908

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class X
boxcars. When any of the following Class X cars are insulated, the letter “I” should be added to the
designation.
XM Boxcar for general service equipped with side or side and end doors.
Note: Boxcars dedicated to the transportation of commodities in the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule
97, Section A, must be designated XP.
XF Noninsulated boxcar similar in design to XM designed and specially prepared with a U.S. Food and Drug
Administration-approved white epoxy or other comparable white coating to seal interior walls, doors, and ends and to
provide a smooth durable surface to prevent contamination.
XL Loader-equipped (see note) boxcar similar in design to XM with steel perforated side walls or equipped with interior
side rails for securement of certain types of lading and/or permanently attached movable bulkheads.
XP Boxcar similar in design to XM but specially equipped, designed, and/or structurally suitable for a specific commodity
loading; except boxcars (XF, XM, XMI) dedicated to the transportation of commodities in Field Manual of the AAR
Interchange Rules, Rule 97, Section A, must be designated XP.
Note: When cars qualified as XM or XL are insulated, the suffix “I” must be affixed to the applicable des-
ignating letters and reported to the UMLER file.
L–20 12/1/03
S-909
MAINTENANCE OF WAY EQUIPMENT—CLASS MW

Standard
S-909

1.0 SCOPE
This standard designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled onto Class
MW maintenance-of-way equipment.
MS Scale car—a car used to test railroad track scales.

MT Training unit equipped with training aids or modified to demonstrate components of the unit.
MW Other maintenance of way types not otherwise classified.
MWB Ballast car—a car used to carry ballast for laying new right- of-way and for repairs. The car used generally for this
work is of the gondola type with a side or center dump.
MWD Dump car—a type of contractor’s car used for building up fills; the body of the car can be raised by a counterweight
(air or hand power) for dumping.
MWDC Ditching car—a car equipped for excavating ditches along the sides of the track as it proceeds, self-propelled or not.
MWE Ballast spreader and trimmer—a car equipped with blades or wings for spreading or trimming ballast.
MWF Flatcar—a car used for transporting rails, ties, or ballast; for storage of wrecking trucks; or for gathering scraps along
right-of-way. At times, this car may be equipped with low sides, about 10 or 12 in. high.
MWG Section gang or track inspection car—a flatcar, with or without seats or tool boxes, equipped with single- or
double-cylinder gasoline engines serving as motive power.
MWK Snow-removing car—a car equipped with any special device for removing snow from between or alongside of rails.
MWM Tool and supply car—a boxcar used for handling or storing tools, blocking, or other material for railway use.
MWP Pile driver—a car equipped with machinery for pile driving.
MWRC Unit equipped to receive and transmit radio signals via multiple-unit connections to a coupled locomotive for remote
control operation.
MWS Steam shovel—a car equipped with powered boom, the end of which is a shovel or scoop. Because it is equipped
with safety appliances, it may be propelled by its own power or by means of a locomotive and be run as a car in
freight trains. The cubic capacity of the shovels (in yards) can be indicated following the classification letters (e.g.,
MWS 6 yd).
MWSP Shoving platform consisting of a car equipped with hand safety rails and shelter where train crew can guide a train
in a reverse or shoving operation.
MWTK Tank car—a car similar in design to T but used specifically in maintenance-of-way service.
MWW Wrecking derrick—a derrick used for wrecking purposes equipped with an engine housed on a separate platform to
raise and lower booms and hoists. The separate platform and the attached boom are pivoted in the center of the car.
A derrick is usually fitted with outrigger beams to stabilize the car for heavy lifting. Derricks are usually propelled by
means of a locomotive, but can be equipped with self-propulsion equipment for traveling short distances. Lifting
capacity(in tons) is clearly marked.
MWX Boarding outfit car—a car used for boarding, sleeping, or cooking purposes in construction and similar work.
12/1/03 L–21
Lettering and Marking of Cars
S-910
LETTERING AND MARKING OF CARS
Standard
S-910

1.0 GENERAL
1.1 Letters and Figures
The definition of stencil, as used herein, means letters and figures applied with paint or an equiv-
alent decal that has adhesive backing in accordance with MSRP Specification M-947. For all sizes
and types of letters, the following will govern.
1.1.1 Legibility
Letters and figures must be legible.
1.1.2 Size
Standard sizes for letters and figures are 1 1/2 in. minimum, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10, and 12 in. The use of
smaller sized letters and figures on decals to provide information for maintenance and other pur-
poses is acceptable when the size is appropriate and legible for the intended purpose.
1.1.3 Arrangement
The arrangement of reporting marks, load limit, lightweight, and date should be maintained as
shown in the examples on the following pages, except that the entire arrangement may be moved
slightly if necessary to suit the construction of the car. The location of all other stencils is stan-
dard; however, the individual stencils may be shifted slightly where car construction interferes
with standard location.
2.0 REPORTING MARKS AND CAR NUMBER
2.1 Reporting marks should be those assigned by the Transportation Division of the Association
of American Railroads.
2.2 Sides of Car
2.2.1 Size
Reporting marks and car numbers must be a minimum of 9 in. high, except minimum height may
be 7 in. on flatcars when construction will not allow use of 9-in. reporting marks and numbers.
2.2.2 Color
Black stenciling on white background is preferred for use with 9-in. or larger reporting marks and
car numbers; however, contrasting colors may be used. Black stenciling on white background or
white stenciling on black background must be used on flatcars with 7-in. reporting marks and car
numbers.
2.2.3 Font or Style
Block or similar style lettering (see Appendix A) with uniform stroke width must be used. The
ratio of stroke width to character height must be within the range of 1 to 5 and 1 to 8. The ratio of
character height to character width must be within the range of 1.2 to 1 and 1.7 to 1 for all letters
and numerals except the letter “I” and the numeral “1.” The letter “I” and numeral “1” must be
within the range of 5.0 to 1 and 8.0 to 1. Open spaces in characters must be greater than 1 in.
2.2.4 Spacing
Allow 1 1/2- to 2-stroke widths, minimum, between characters. On cars with reporting marks and
numbers on the same line, allow space of at least one character width between reporting marks
L–22 12/1/03
S-910
and car number. When white or black background is provided, the background should exceed the
stencil layout by at least one character width on either end of the stencil.
2.2.5 Grouping
When car numbers having more than four digits must be split into two groups or sets of numbers
because of obstructions on the car side (i.e., side posts), numerals should be grouped in sets of the
first two digits and then the last three digits for a five-digit number and the first three digits and
then the last three digits for a six-digit number wherever possible. Where car construction does
not permit the groupings shown, other groupings may be used.
2.3 Ends of Car
Reporting marks and car number on ends of car are to be 4-in. letters and figures, except as other-
wise noted.
2.4 Underframe
Reporting marks and car numbers are to be stamped on center sill of cars built new, using a 1/2-in.
minimum steel die stamp. The preferred location shall be the BL side of the center sill, inboard of
the No. 2 axle. For cars where construction precludes, stamp on the BL side of the center sill out-
board of the body bolster web. Painting of the reporting marks and numbers at the above location
shall be at owner’s option, but shall not be used in lieu of stamping.
2.5 Trucks
Reporting marks and car number must appear on the side of a bolster or transom of each truck fac-
ing the end of the car, or on the BL- and AR-side frame tension member visible from the roadside.
Letters and figures must be 1 1/2 in. minimum, 2 in. maximum.
3.0 OTHER STENCILING AND MARKING
3.1 Size
The size of other markings is to be as follows (unless otherwise specified, where 2-in. size is shown
on the following pages, 1 1/2-in. size may be applied if a stencil cutting machine is used):
3.1.1 Symbol for owner’s classification of car—4 in.
3.1.2 Load limit, lightweight (Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 70) and AAR
mechanical designation, if used, 3 in.
3.1.3 Consolidated stencils, lubrication and air brake, and built and rebuilt markings are to be in
accordance with the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 80, Fig. A; 1-in. letters and
figures.
3.1.4 All other car body markings, such as inside length, width and height, cubic feet capacity,
truck spring travel designation, required markings on inside of car, etc., are to be 1 1/2 in. mini-
mum or 2 in. maximum.
3.1.5 Trust marks, patent marks, and other private marks should be 1-in. letters or figures.
3.2 Equipment
3.2.1 Specialty Equipment
When an owner desires information regarding air brake equipment, couplers, coupler attach-
ments, brake beams other than No. 18 (Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 6), steel
wheels other than 33 in. (Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 41), or other specialty
equipment shown on cars, such information must be stenciled on the ends of the car directly above
the coupler, where design of the car permits. For flatcars, these records may be shown in the best
available location offered by the construction of the car. Letters and figures must be 1 1/2 in. mini-
mum, 2 in. maximum.
12/1/03 L–23
S-910
3.2.2 Springs
Cars equipped with springs having 2 1/2 in. or greater travel must be stenciled on their ends in
accordance with the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 50.
3.2.3 Special Spring Group
Where a special spring group is used, an appropriate stencil should be applied to indicate group-
ings in accordance with the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 50. Where it is not
possible to stencil on ends, a stencil must be applied on each side at the diagonal corners of the car.
3.2.4 Supplemental Snubbing Devices
Cars equipped with package, unit, or other supplemental snubber devices must be stenciled in
1 1/2-in. letters and figures in the locations shown in Figs. B.1 through B.5 of this standard.
3.2.5 Brake Shoes
Cars equipped with high-friction composition shoes are to be stenciled in 1 1/2-in. letters on side
sills at AL, BL, AR, and BR sides to show thickness of shoes standard to the car as follows:
00 INCH HF COMP SHOES
3.2.6 Cushioning Devices

Cars equipped with special cushioning devices are to be stenciled in 1 1/2-in. letters and figures in
the locations shown in Figs. B.1 through B.5 of this standard as follows. (Use the manufacturer’s
designation for type and/or model number). See Appendix B, App. 1.6.
MFGR TYPE 00-00
3.2.7 Sliding-Sill Cushioned-Underframe Cars

On all sliding-sill cushioned-underframe cars, apply a vertical white, yellow, or black stripe
1 1/2 in. wide, extending from the top of the sill downward 6 in. minimum on both sides at each
end of the sliding sill. The stripe should be in line with the end sill and not more than 1 1/2 in.
beyond the fixed sill, to indicate the normal position of the sliding sill.
3.2.8 When empty/load sensing equipment requiring adjustment blocks is used, the adjustment
block height must be stenciled adjacent to each sensor valve on the car in 2-in. letters and num-
bers. Optionally, the stencil may be located near the load sensing arm.
EMPTY LOAD
(Size) ADJ. BLOCK
3.2.9 Intermediate Train Line Hoses

On all cars with intermediate air hoses, the intermediate hose part number must be stenciled on
both ends of the car or in another prominent location.
3.3 Other Stenciling
3.3.1 Built and rebuilt marking—stencil is included in the consolidated stencil, paragraph 3.1.3.
3.3.2 Assigned Cars
Markings on cars assigned to special service to indicate the point to which a car should be
returned when empty and the nature of service to which a car is assigned shall be located to the
left of center of the car, adjacent to, but clear of, reporting marks and approximately 5 ft 4 in. above
the top of rail, where construction of the car permits. The size of the letters and the description of
the service for which the car is designated (e.g., “Engine Parts”) shall be 3 in. The size of the letters
indicating the return destination shall be 1 1/2 in. minimum or 2 in. maximum. Stenciling for spe-
cially marked cars shall be in accordance with the figures shown in this specification.
L–24 12/1/03
S-910
3.3.3 Cars Exceeding Plate B

All cars built outside of the dimensions of Plate B but within the dimensions of Plates C, E, F, or
others as applicable, shall be stenciled on a centerline to the right of the reporting marks and
numbers with a 10-in. × 10-in. square symbol, as applicable. All cars built in excess of the largest
current clearance plate dimensions shall be stenciled on centerline to the right of reporting marks
and numbers on the side of the car with a 13-in.-diameter circle. See MSRP Standard S-913 for
details of square and circle letter symbols.
Plate F cars having a height of 16 ft 10 in. or more above the top of rail must have their ends
painted and stenciled in accordance with Code of Federal Regulations Title 49, U.S. Safety Appli-
ance Standards, Section 231.27(j).
3.3.4 Reduced Load Limit
A star must be maintained close to the left end of load limit marking on all cars that are not capa-
ble of carrying the maximum load permitted by Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule
70. The star indicates that a load limit so marked must not be changed, except by the owner.
3.3.5 AAR Mechanical Designation
A Mechanical Designation stencil is optional. If applied, a Mechanical Designation stencil must be
correct for the class of car and applied in 3-in. letters on the same line and directly to the right of
the load limit stencil. If the stencil does not agree with UMLER, UMLER shall be assumed correct
unless inspection of the car dictates otherwise.
3.3.6 Car Owner’s Class
The symbol for the owner’s classification of car, if used, shall be applied under the dimension
marking in 4-in. letters and figures at the right end, each side of the car.
3.3.7 Badges and Logos
Badges, stencils, or logos used to identify car builders will not exceed 5 in. × 10 in.
3.3.8 Restricted Loading
Special type cars designed for specific commodity only, where live load cannot be distributed in
accordance with the AAR Manual of Standards and Recommended Practices, Section C, Part II,
must be stenciled in 1 1/2-in. letters on side sills as follows:
FOR RESTRICTED LOADING ONLY

SEE EQUIPMENT REGISTER
3.3.9 Baggage and Express Cars

Each baggage or express car shall have the marked capacity in pounds stenciled on the inside of
the car, the stenciling to be applied over the side door on each side of the car. Other markings are
to be in accordance with railroad requirements and the U.S. Postal Service’s Specification for the
Construction of Railway Post Office Cars.
3.3.10 Tank Cars
Lettering and marking of tank cars must be in accordance with Manual of Standards and Recom-
mended Practices, Section C, M-1002, Specification for Tank Cars, Appendix C.
3.3.11 Antipilferage Devices

When doors are stenciled to indicate antipilferage devices, it shall be in accordance with MSRP
Recommended Practice RP-902.
3.3.12 Metrication
For metrication stenciling, see MSRP Standard S-914. These requirements are not shown on the
figures of this Standard S-910.
12/1/03 L–25
S-910
3.3.13 Eaves Width and Height Stencil

Eaves width (EW) is the outside width of the car at the top of eaves (upper eaves if a z-bar side
plate is employed). An exception to this is a car that has a longitudinal running board extension;
its eaves width should be measured from the outside edge of the top of the latitudinal running
boards to the corresponding point on the opposite side of the car.
3.3.14 Extreme Width and Height Stencils
For a car measuring more than 12 ft from the top of rail to the eaves (upper eaves if a z-bar side
plate is employed), an additional set of dimensions shall be stenciled on the car indicating
extreme width and height (EX W & H). Extreme width (EX W) is the measurement over the
attachment projecting to the greatest extent (top of side ladder, top door fixtures, or any appurte-
nances or part of car at lower extremities as well, whichever is the greatest width). Height at
Extreme Width (EXW H) is the distance from the top of rail to the point at which the extreme
width exists.
Extreme Height (EX H) is the distance from the top of rail to the highest point on the car, regard-
less of width, and should be stenciled only for cars having a height over 15 ft 6 in. Width at
Extreme Height (EXH W) is the measurement over the attachment that presents the highest point
of the car above the top of rail.
3.3.15 Method of Stenciling Fractions
Use of fractional dimensions or inches—for dimensions of outside width and height, omit fractions
and stencil the next even inch.
Example: For a 9-ft 8 3/8-in. measurement, stencil, “9 FT 9 IN.”
For dimensions of inside length, width, and height, omit fractions and stencil the next lower even
inch.
Example: For a 40-ft 6 1/2-in. measurement, stencil, “40 FT 6 IN.”
3.3.16 Measuring Cubic Capacity
Cubic capacity is the available loading space of the car. The cubic capacity shall be calculated in
cubic feet based on the inside dimensions shown on the design drawings.
For box, refrigerator, and stock cars, the cubic capacity shall be based on the length between the
end wall (regardless of load restraining devices) and an inside height equal to the distance from
the top of the floor or floor racks to the lowest point of the car line, roof, or side plate, whichever is
lower. The inside width should be at the narrowest point between fillers, with fillers collapsed
against the side walls. Measurement of refrigerator cars is to be taken between the bulkheads pro-
tecting the ice bunkers or ice tanks of cars so equipped.
3.3.17 Floor Height Stencil for Cars Exceeding Extreme Height (EX H) of 15 ft 9 in.
The floor height is the nominal measurement of the distance from the top of the floor above the top
of rail.
3.3.18 Empty Center of Gravity for Cars Exceeding Extreme Height (EX H) of 15 ft 9 in.
The empty center of gravity is the vertical distance from the top of rail to a point defined by adding
the product of the center of mass above the top of rail of each car component times the weight of
each component and dividing the total sum by the lightweight of the car. All components of the car
that make up the lightweight of the car must be considered.
L–26 12/1/03
S-910 APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
TYPICAL LETTERING STYLE
CAR REPORTING MARKS AND NUMBERS
Fig. A.1 Typical lettering style of marks and numbers for car reporting
Note: For typical lettering style, see paragraph 2.2.3. Actual proportions are to be designed to suit specifications.
12/1/03 L–27
APPENDIX A S-910
L–28 12/1/03
S-910 APPENDIX B
APPENDIX B
TYPICAL STENCILING
App. No. Typical Stenciling App. No. Typical Stenciling
XXXXXX LINING/PAINT MFGR.
CLOSE AND LOCK (FOR PLUG DOOR BOX
CARS ONLY) XXXXXXXXX 000 TYPE AND
1.1 DOORS BEFORE APPLIED TO PAINT NO.
MOVING CAR 3" LETTERING 1.14 INTERIOR OF

CAR REPORTING MARKS
AND DATE
(FOR BOX & REFRIGERATOR
XXX 00-00-00
CLOSE AND LOCK CARS ONLY) (STENCIL IN 2" LETTERS & ALLOW 2" SPACES BETWEEN LINES)
1.2 BULKHEADS AND
DOORS BEFORE 3" LETTERING
HINGED DECKS MUST BE LOCKED
MOVING CAR
DOWN BEFORE MOVING CAR
INNER COIL
1.15
QUANTITY NOTES: 1. FOR TRI-LEVEL CARS ONLY
INNER INNER COIL 2. STENCIL IN 1-1/2" LETTERS ON CONTRASTING
BACKGROUND
1.3 SPRG O OC DO O IC DO IIC DO WHEN EMPTY RETURN TO AGENT
1.16 XXX RR 0000-0000
OUTER COIL SPRING TYPE (APPLIES TO MULTI-LEVEL CARS ONLY)
6" DIA.
FOR RESTRICTED LOADING ONLY
2 3/8" TYP.
OR
1.4 SEE EQUIPMENT REGISTER 3 3/4"
(1 - 1-1/2" LETTERS) 1"
1 1/4"
EXH 00-00 W 00-00 1"
EXW 00-00 H 00-00
EW 00-00 H 00-00
7 1/2"
Ø5"
3"
IL 00-00 (MAX 00-00) THIS SECTION 1.17
IW 00-00 FOR BOX 5" 5"
USE THIS SYMBOL ALONE
CARS ONLY
IH 00-00 FOR CARS WITH LADING
1.5 FL HT 00-00 STRAP ANCHORS.
STENCIL FOR
MTY CG 00-00 CARS OVER ADD VERTICAL BARS WITH CARS WITH
CU.FT. 0000 (MAX. 0000) PLATE C ONLY MOVABLE BULKHEADS ONLY.
ADD HORIZONTAL BARS WITH CARS WITH
NOTE: STENCIL EXH & EXH-W ONLY FOR CARS WITH HEIGHT REMOVABLE CROSSBARS ONLY.
EXCEEDING 15 FEET, 6 INCHES.
STENCIL EXW & EXW-H ONLY FOR CARS WITH EAVES USE CENTRAL SYMBOL ALONE FOR CARS WITH HANDLING
HEIGHT EXCEEDING 12 FEET. CONTAINERS OR AUTOMOBILE PARTS.
MFGR TYPE 00-00 YELLOW BACKGROUND

1.6 (USE MANUFACTURER'S DESIGNATION FOR THIS CAR EXCESS HEIGHT
1/2"
1.18
4"
TYPE AND/OR MODEL NUMBER) 1/2"
3/4" BLACK BORDER BLACK STENCIL

00 INCH HF COMP SHOES
1.7
(USE 1-1/2" LETTERING) YELLOW BACKGROUND
1/2"
KEEP OFF ROOF
LIFT HERE AND/OR JACK HERE 1.19 NO RUNNING BOARD
1/2"
1.8
3/8" ARROW 3/4" BLACK BORDER BLACK STENCIL
3" STROKE
H.B. CHAIN X/X" ALLOY 00" LONG OPENING W H

1.9 1.20
CHAIN LENGTH STENCIL IN 1-1/2" LETTERS THE SIZE OF
DOOR OPENING ON OUTSIDE OF DOOR ON ALL BOX CARS
FANS STENCIL
IF APPLIES 25K FOR FLOOR CAPACITY OF 25,000 POUNDS
STAGE ICING 50K FOR FLOOR CAPACITY OF 50,000 POUNDS
1.10 CONV. BUNKERS
1.21
STENCIL AAR DESIGN FLOOR CAPACITY ON BOX AND
REFRIGERATOR CARS ONLY
2-1/4" TYP.
EXCESS HEIGHT CAR
L-00-00 1.22
1.11 STENCIL IN 3" MIN. BLACK LETTERING
(STENCIL LENGTH OF CAR IN FEET AND INCHES)
CORRECT NUMBER LOWER & LOCK FOR TRI-LEVELS ONLY

CHAIN TIE DOWNS DIAMETER & TYPE
HINGED DECK
QUANTITY 000 1.23 CLOSE & LOCK
DOORS BEFORE
1.12 CHAIN SIZE XXX XXXXX MOVING CAR
XXXXXXXXX LENGTH OF ASSEMBLY
WORK LOAD LIMIT 0000

(1" LETTERS WITH 1/2" CORRECT CAPACITY
MIN. SPACES BETWEEN LINES)
IL-00-00
1.13
(STENCIL LENGTH OF CAR IN FEET AND INCHES)
12/1/03 L–29
STENCIL "L" FOR LEFT
SIDE OF CAR, "R" FOR
REPORTING MARKS & NUMBER RIGHT SIDE OF CAR
FACING B-END
XXX 000000
APPENDIX B
XXX 000000
CENTER OF BLOCK 8 BLOCK 13
9" MIN.
BLOCK 16
8-1/2" MIN.
BLOCK 18 XXX BLOCK 14 B-END
L BLOCK 6
16" MIN.
000000
3" LETTERS & SPACE

BLOCK 15
LD LMT 000000 BLOCK 4
5"
BLOCK 1
LT WT 00000 00 K
5" 9"
XXX 00000
BLOCK 10 BLOCK 10
2.0 PLACEMENT OF STENCILING
BLOCK 19 BLOCK 20
BLOCK 17 BLOCK 19
BLOCK 5 BOTTOM OF SIDE SILL
TOP OF FLOOR
13' MAX.
AS CONSTRUCTION
PERMITS BLOCK 3
4" LETTERS
& SPACE
L–30
XXX
Notes: 000000
BLOCK 2
1. For refrigeration and power unit data for mechanically equipped refrigerator cars, see Man-
BLOCK 11
ual of Standards and Recommended Practices, Section C.
BLOCK 7
2. For the method of marking cars equipped with interior load restraining devices, see S-911.
BLOCK 12
3. For the method of marking cars equipped with lading strap anchors, see RP-903.
Fig. B.1 Boxcars and refrigerator cars

4. For the method of marking cars to denote a clear door opening, see App. 1.20 in this appen-
dix and Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 88. BLOCK 21
5. For the method of marking box cars equipped with removable crossbars, see RP-901.
6. Cars should be stenciled as nearly as possible in the same manner as shown in the best
available location offered by the construction of the car. XXX 000000
7. See Apps. 1.17, 1.18, and 1.19 in this appendix for typical miscellaneous stenciling.
8. See App. 1.21 in this appendix for floor capacity stencil, and see S-911 for capacities less BLOCK 9
than 25,000 lb.
9. Refrigerator cars only having convertible bunkers on bulkheads are to be stenciled to show,
in addition to the normal inside length and cubic capacity (based on bulkheads in service po-
sition), the maximum inside length and maximum cubic capacity with bulkheads in extreme
end positions. This additional stenciling is to be shown in parentheses. See App. 1.5 in this
appendix.
S-910
12/1/03
S-910
12/1/03
Table B.1 Boxcars and refrigerator cars—notes to Fig. B.1
Letter/ General
Block Number Specification
Number Stencil Reference Height Number Appendix B Information
1 Owner’s Classification 4 in. 3.3.6 — Optional; under dimension marking on right side of car.
2 Spring Stencil 1 1/2 in. 3.2.2, 3.2.3 1.3 On ends of car if car permits; otherwise, stencil on opposite diagonal corners
on side of car.
3 Restricted Loading Stencil 1 1/2 in 3.3.8 1.4 Stencil on side sills.
4 Consolidated Stencil 1 in 3.1.3 Ref. AAR Field On BL and AR corners, reference the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange
Manual Rule 80 Rules, Rule 80.
5 Load Limit Star 3 in. 3.3.4 — Stencil to left of load limit; reference the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange
Rules, Rule 70.
6 Eaves Width, Extreme Width Extreme Height, Floor 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.3.13 – 3.3.18 1.5 Stencil on location shown.
Height, and Empty Center of Gravity Stencil
7 Cushioning Device Stencil 1 1/2 in. 3.2.6 1.6 Stencil on location shown.
8 Plates C, E, and F, and Exceeds Plate F Stencil Ref. Gen. Spec. 3.3.3 Ref S-913 Stencil on centerline and to the right of car number and reporting marks.
3.3.3
9 Stencil of Reporting Marks and Car Number on Truck 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 2.5 — Stencil on side of each bolster facing end of car. For alternate location, stencil
on BL and AR tension member of side frames visible from roadside.
10 High Friction Composition Brake Shoe Stencil 1 1/2 in. 3.2.5 1.7 Stencil on AL, BL, AR, and BR corners of car.
11 Specialty Equipment Stencils such as Brake Beam 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.2.1 Ref. AAR Field Stencil on ends of car and preferably directly above coupler if car construction
Other Than No. 18, Steel Wheels Other Than 33 in., Manual Rules 6 permits.
L–31
etc. and 41
12 Supplemental Snubbing Device Stencil 1 1/2 in. 3.2.4 1.6 Stencil on location shown.
13 Ownership Stencil 1 in. 3.1.5 — When required, stencil location at owner’s option.
14 Plug Door Stencil 3-in. letters — 1.1 Stencil on outside of plug-door-type side doors.
15 Bulkhead Stencil 3 in. — 1.2 If equipped with interior adjustable bulkheads for lading securement, stencil on
outside of doors on each side of door.
16 Reporting Marks and Car Number on Plug Doors 1 1/2 in. — — Stencil on interior of door at centerline within 1-in. area from top of door; or if
double-plug door, stencil as near as possible to leading edge of door within
1-in. area from top edge of door.
17 Floor capacity stencil 3 in. — Ref. AAR Field Stencil AAR design floor capacity on side of car at floor level. Refrigerator cars
Manual Rule 88, built with floor rack capacity less than 25,000 lb are to be stenciled in
A.13 accordance with S-915.
18 Special Stencil for Refrigerator Cars 2 in. — 1.10 For refrigerator cars with stage icing and other special equipment, stencil
directly to left of car number.
19 Lift Here and/or Jack Here Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.8 Optional; stencil on side sill when car is equipped with a lifting or jacking
provision.
20 Die Stamp Stencil 1/2 in. — — Stencil reporting marks and car number in 1/2-in. steel (die stamp) stenciling
on BL side of center sill inboard of No. 2 axle. For alternate location, stencil on
BL corner outboard of bolster.
21 Special Handbrake Chain Length Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.9 Required for cars with nonstandard handbrake chains. See the Manual of
minimum Standard and Recommended Practices, Section E, Standard S-475.
APPENDIX B
3" LETTERS & NUMBERS
BLOCK 17
9" MIN.
SEE NOTE 3
APPENDIX B
LD LMT LT WT BLOCK 13 BLOCK 10 BLOCK 6

BLOCK 8 BLOCK 4
BLOCK 10 XXX 000000 000000 00000 BLOCK 3 BLOCK 15 BLOCK 14 BLOCK 1
BLOCK 5 BLOCK 16
(ON CENTER SILL)
BLOCK 17
9" MIN.
SEE NOTE 3
BLOCK 10 BLOCK 6
BLOCK 8 LD LMT 000000 BLOCK 15 BLOCK 13 BLOCK 4
BLOCK 10 XXX 000000 BLOCK 14 BLOCK 1
9"
LT WT 00000 BLOCK 3
L–32
BLOCK 16
Fig. B.2 Flatcars

(ON CENTER SILL)
BLOCK 5
3" LETTERS & SPACE

BLOCK 12 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 7

BLOCK 17 BLOCK 11
Notes: XXX 000000
1. Cars should be stenciled as nearly as possible in the same manner as shown in the best available
location offered by the construction of the car. BLOCK 9
2. Cars with bulkheads are to have the inside length between bulkheads stenciled “IL feet and inches”
close to the stencil shown in Block 6.
3. A 7-in. minimum letter height is allowed if the construction of the car will not permit the use of 9-in.
lettering. See paragraphs 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 in this specification.
4. The stenciled lightweight of a car with a multideck rack is the combined weight of the flatcar and the
rack. The lightweight of a flatcar only may be stenciled on the center sill of the car indicating “FLAT
CAR LT. WT.”
S-910
12/1/03
S-910
12/1/03
Table B.2 Flatcars—notes to Fig. B.2
Letter/ General
on side of car.
4 Consolidated Stencil 1 in 3.1.3 Ref. AAR Field On BL and AR corners; reference the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange
Rules, Rule 70.
6 Length Stencil 2 in. — 1.11 Stencil to include length over end sills or over platform, exclusive of any
lowering or raising of the platform level at ends of car measured at center.
Stencil “L feet and inches.”
8 Plates C, E, and F, and Exceeds Plate F Stencil Ref. Gen. Spec. 3.3.3 Ref. S-913 Stencil on centerline and to the right of car number and reporting marks.
3.3.3
11 Specialty Equipment Stencils such as Brake Beam 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.2.1 Ref. AAR Field Stencil where construction of car permits.
L–33
Other Than No. 18, Steel Wheels Other Than 33 in., Manual Rules 6
etc. and 41
14 Lift Here and/or Jack Here Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.8 Optional; stencil on side sill when car is equipped with a lifting or jacking
provision.
15 Chain Tie Down Stencil 1 in. minimum — 1.12 If car is equipped with special chain tie-downs (excluding multilevel rack cars),
stencil on both sides of car on location shown.
16 Die Stamp Stencil 1/2 in. 2.4 — Stencil reporting marks and car number in 1/2-in. steel (die stamp) stenciling
minimum Standard and Recommended Practices, Section E, Standard S-475. Locate on

end or side sill near handbrake(s) depending on handbrake location.
APPENDIX B
9" MIN.
BLOCK 8
8-1/2" MIN.
BLOCK 13 B-END
3' 2".
XXX BLOCK 6
APPENDIX B
16"MIN.
000000 CU FT 0000
5"
BLOCK 1 SEE NOTE 2
LT WT 00000 BLOCK 16
5" 9"
XXX 00000
BLOCK 10 BLOCK 15 BOTTOM OF SIDE SILL BLOCK 10
BLOCK 15 BLOCK 14
BLOCK 14 BLOCK 17
13' MAX.
AS CONSTRUCTION BLOCK 5 BLOCK 3
PERMITS
3" LETTERS & SPACE
4" LETTERS
& SPACE
L–34
XXX
000000
BLOCK 2
Fig. B.3 Gondola cars

BLOCK 11
BLOCK 7
BLOCK 18 BLOCK 12
XXX 000000
BLOCK 9
Notes:
1. Cars should be stenciled as nearly as possible in the same manner as shown in the best available
location offered by the construction of the car.
2. The cubic capacity is the available loading space of the car. The cubic capacity shall be calculated
in cubic feet based on the inside dimensions shown on the design drawings. Cubic capacity of
gondola cars shall be calculated as that volume below top of sides.
S-910
12/1/03
S-910
12/1/03
Table B.3 Gondola cars—notes to Fig. B.3
Letter/ General
on side of car.
Rules, Rule 70.
6 Inside Length Stencil 2 in. — 1.13 Stencil to include length over end sills or over platform, exclusive of any
8 Wood Floors Stencil — — Ref. RP-904 For gondolas with wood floors, stencil on location shown and according to
RP-904.
L–35
etc. and 41
14 Lift Here Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.8 Optional; stencil on side sill when car is equipped with a lifting provision.
15 Jack Here Stenci 1 1/2 in. — 1.8 Optional; stencil on side sill when car is equipped with a jacking provision.
16 Chain Tie Down Stencil 1 in. minimum — 1.12 If car is equipped with special chain tie-downs (excluding multilevel rack cars),
stencil on both sides of car on location shown.
17 Die Stamp Stencil 1/2 in. — — Stencil reporting marks and car number in 1/2-in. steel (die stamp) stenciling

APPENDIX B
CENTER OF BLOCK 8
BLOCK 13 SEE
9" MIN. NOTE 1
8-1/2" MIN.
APPENDIX B
XXX BLOCK 6 B-END

000000
16" MIN.
CU FT 0000
5"
BLOCK 16 BLOCK 1
LT WT 00000
5" 9"
XXX 000000
CU. FT. 0000 CU. FT. 0000
BLOCK 10 BLOCK 10
AS CONSTRUCTION
PERMITS BLOCK 14 BLOCK 17
BOTTOM OF SIDE SILL
13' MAX.
BLOCK 5
BLOCK 14
3" LETTERS & SPACE
BLOCK 3
BLOCK 18
4" LETTERS
& SPACE
L–36
XXX
000000
BLOCK 2
BLOCK 11
BLOCK 7
Fig. B.4 Hopper cars—covered

BLOCK 12
Notes:
1. Cars should be stenciled as nearly as possible in the same manner as shown in the
best available location offered by the construction of the car.
2. The cubic capacity is the available loading space of the car. The cubic capacity shall
be calculated in cubic feet based on the inside dimensions shown on the design draw- BLOCK 15
XXX 000000
ings. Cubic capacity shall be calculated as that volume below the lowest portion of the BLOCK 15
(ALTERNATE LOCATION)
hatch frames. BLOCK 9
S-910
12/1/03
S-910
12/1/03
Table B.4 Covered hopper cars—notes to Fig. B.4
Letter/ General
on side of car.
Rules, Rule 70.
6 Eaves Width, Extreme Width, and Extreme Height 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.3.13 – 3.3.17 1.5 Stencil directly above cubic capacity stencil.
Stencil
3.3.3
11 Specialty Equipment Stencils such as Brake Beam 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.2.1 Ref. AAR Field Stencilon ends of car and preferably directly above coupler if car construction
L–37
etc. and 41
14 Lift Here and/or Jack Here Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.8 Stencil on location shown when car is equipped with a lifting and/or jacking
provision.

16 Interior Lining Stencil 2 in. — 1.14 Stencil on locations shown. Include lining manufacturer, type material, date
applied, and instructions for cleaning, such as use of mild detergent only, etc.
on web of center sill on BL corner only, over inside axle.
18 Cubic Capacity Stencil 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.3.16 — Optional; stencil cubic capacity on underside of end hatch covers.
APPENDIX B
CENTER OF BLOCK 8
BLOCK 13
9" MIN.
8-1/2" MIN.
APPENDIX B
XXX BLOCK 6
BLOCK 4 B-END
000000
16"MIN.
CU FT 0000
LD LMT 000000
5"
9"
BLOCK 1
LT WT 00000
5"
XXX 00000
BLOCK 10 BLOCK 10
BLOCK 14 BLOCK 16
AS CONSTRUCTION
BOTTOM OF SIDE SILL
PERMITS BLOCK 5
13' MAX.
BLOCK 14
3" LETTERS & SPACE
BLOCK 3
4" LETTERS
& SPACE
XXX
000000
BLOCK 2
L–38
BLOCK 11
BLOCK 7
BLOCK 12
Fig. B.5 Hopper cars—open

BLOCK 15
XXX 000000
BLOCK 15
(ALTERNATE LOCATION)
BLOCK 9
Notes:
1. Cars should be stenciled as nearly as possible in the same manner as shown in the
best available location offered by the construction of the car.
2. The cubic capacity is the available loading space of the car. The cubic capacity shall
be calculated in cubic feet based on the inside dimensions shown on the design draw-
ings. Cubic capacity shall be calculated as that volume below the top of sides.
S-910
12/1/03
S-910
12/1/03
Table B.5 Open hopper cars—notes to Fig. B.5
Letter/ General
on side of car.
Rules, Rule 70.
6 Eaves Width, Extreme Width, and Extreme Height 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.3.14 – 3.3.17 1.5 Stencil directly above cubic capacity stencil.
Stencil
3.3.3
11 Specialty Equipment Stencils such as Brake Beam 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.2.1 Ref. AAR Field Stencilon ends of car and preferably directly above coupler if car construction
L–39
etc. and 41
14 Lift Here and/or Jack Here Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.8 Stencil on locations shown when car is equipped with a lifting and/or jacking
provision.
Standard and Recommended Practices, Section E, Standard S-475.

APPENDIX B
BLOCK 15
SEE NOTE 3 BLOCK 12 BLOCK 11
LD LMT 00000 PER UNIT
3" LETTERS AND SPACE LT WT 00000
SEE NOTE 1
APPENDIX B
DETAIL X
BLOCK 9
BLOCK 2
BLOCK 6 BLOCK 12
BLOCK 3 BLOCK 3
SEE NOTE 5 BLOCK 2
XXX 000000 XXX 000000

9" SEE DETAIL X
BLOCK 13 9" BLOCK 10
SEE NOTE 4 (SEE NOTE 2)
BLOCK 13 BLOCK 12 BLOCK 12 BLOCK 13 BLOCK 15
(SEE NOTE 2) BLOCK 14 (SEE NOTE 2) BLOCK 14
BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2
BLOCK 14
INTERMEDIATE UNITS END UNIT
A OR B
END UNIT
A OR B
SKELETON TYPE BLOCK 15
BLOCK 2 BLOCK 7
BLOCK 12 BLOCK 11
BLOCK 2
L–40
BLOCK 3 BLOCK 8 BLOCK 4 BLOCK 11
NOTE 5
XXX 000000 XXX 000000
9" SEE DETAIL X

SEE NOTE 4 BLOCK 13 9" BLOCK 10
BLOCK 13 BLOCK 12 (SEE NOTE 2) BLOCK 12
BLOCK 13 BLOCK 15
(SEE NOTE 2)
BLOCK 1 BLOCK 14 BLOCK 2 (SEE NOTE 2) BLOCK 14
BLOCK 14
INTERMEDIATE UNITS END UNIT
A OR B
END UNIT
A OR B
WELL TYPE
Fig. B.6 Articulated and multiunit intermodal cars—TOFC and COFC

Notes:
1. The stenciled lightweight of a car with semipermanently coupled units is to be the combined weight of the total number of these units to make a consist of one car.
2. The location of Block 13 is to be on both sides of each unit, preferably on center sills. Unit identification letters are to be selected by the following system: starting from
the B end of the car, the B end unit will be the “B” unit. The adjoining unit will be the “C” unit, etc., and the opposite end will be the “A” unit.
3. The load limit per unit is to be stenciled on the car, which is an exception to procedures used on single cars. The method for determining load limit per unit will be to
determine the lightweight of every unit and subtract this from the axle or wheel capacity, whichever is less, under the specific unit. The lowest figure so obtained should
be used as the load limit for all units.
S-910
12/1/03
RV RW RX RY RZ R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1
S-910
12/1/03
A-END
B-END
LV LW LX LY LZ L9 L8 L7 L6 L5 L4 L3 L2 L1
TRUCK TRUCK TRUCK TRUCK TRUCK TRUCK TRUCK

A G F E D C B
UNIT UNIT UNIT UNIT UNIT UNIT

A F E D C B
ONE CAR WITH TWO AXLE TRUCKS
RX RY RZ R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 R4 R3 R2 R1
L–41
A-END
B-END
LX LY LZ L9 L8 L7 L6 L5 L4 L3 L2 L1
UNIT UNIT UNIT UNIT UNIT UNIT

A F E D C B
Notes: ONE CAR WITH SINGLE AXLE TRUCKS

4. The wheel location of all trucks should be stenciled in 1-in. letters and figures (an exception to paragraph 1.1.2) on the truck side frame above the roller bearing housing,
using the following procedure: facing the B-end of the car, the right side of the car should have the first truck side frame stenciled with R1 and R2; the second truck
Fig. B.6 Articulated and multiunit intermodal cars—TOFC and COFC (concluded)
side frame should be stenciled with R3 and R4, etc. The left side of the car should have the first truck side frame stenciled with L1 and L2; the second truck side frame
should be stenciled with L3 and L4, etc. For cars exceeding nine axles, alpha characters should be used to designate numerics starting with Z=10, Y=11, X=12, W=13,
etc.
5. All trucks should be stenciled with a 1-in. letter (an exception to paragraph 1.1.2) representing the relative position of the truck in the car, using the following procedure:
the B-end of the car should have both sides of the first truck side frames stenciled with the letter “B”; the second truck side frames should be stenciled with the letter
“C”; etc. The last truck on the A-end of the car should be stenciled with the letter “A.”
APPENDIX B
Table B.6 Articulated and multiunit intermodal cars—notes to Fig. B.6
Letter/ General
APPENDIX B

on side of car.
3 Second Handbrake Stencil 1 1/2 in. — — For cars having dual handbrakes, stencil “Second Handbrake at Opposite End”
near each handbrake.
4 Consolidated Stencil 1 in. 3.1.3 Ref. AAR Field On BL and AR corners; reference the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange
Rules, Rule 70.
6 Length Stencil 2 in. — 1.11 Stencil to include length over end sills or over platform, exclusive of any
3.3.3
L–42
etc. and 41
13 Reporting Marks, Car Number, and Unit Identification 1 1/2 in. — — Stencil all units with reporting marks, car number, and unit identification letter.
Number
14 Container Restricted Loading Stencil 1 1/2 in. — — Stencil any instructions concerning container loading, such as acceptable
container lengths and widths and stacking capabilities.
Standard and Recommended Practices, Section E, Standard S-475. Locate on
end or side sill near handbrake(s) depending on handbrake location.
S-910
12/1/03
S-910 APPENDIX B
12/1/03 L–43
BLOCK 22 BLOCK 13
"B" END
APPENDIX B
BLOCK 12
BLOCK 18
(ON INSIDE OF CAR)
BLOCK 19
BLOCK 14
BLOCK 8 (ON INSIDE OF CAR)
FROM TOP OF RAIL

SEE DETAIL Y
BLOCK 19 APPROX. 5' 0"

XXX 000000
BLOCK 17
BLOCK 23
RACK NUMBER BLOCK 15 LOCATION FOR BLOCK 6 BLOCK 3 BLOCK 13 BLOCK 2
9" REPORTING MARKS BLOCK 7
4" WHITE CHARACTERS, DETAIL Z BLOCK 10 BLOCK 1
AL & BR CORNERS ONLY (SEE NOTE 3)
BLOCK 4
BLOCK 16
(ON CENTER SILL)
BLOCK 5 BLOCK 20
LD LMT 000000 LD LMT

000000 4" REPORTING MARKS
XXX AND CAR NUMBER
PREFERRED ALTERNATE 000000
DETAIL Z
3" CHARACTERS AND SPACES (TYP)
FULL-HEIGHT DOORS
15' 0"
DECK
CLEARANCE
PAINT DOORS PER GEN. SPEC. 3.3.3 2" LETTERING
A 00 0/0 MIN.
ABOVE 15 FT. FROM RAIL (TYPICAL) ON BL & AR CORNERS
B 00 0/0 MIN.
C 00 0/0 MIN. THIS LINE FOR
L–44
BLOCK 20 TRI-LEVELS ONLY
DETAIL Y
4" REPORTING MARKS
XXX AND CAR NUMBER
000000
BLOCK 21 BLOCK 21
15' 0" FROM RAIL
Fig. B.7 Multilevel auto rack cars—fully enclosed

BLOCK 11
DECK CLEARANCE
CL HT 00 0/0 IN
2" LETTERING BLOCK 9
AT CAR CL ON UNDERSIDE
EACH DECK AND ROOF
STENCIL BOTH ENDS
Notes:
1. Cars should be stenciled as nearly as possible in the same manner as shown in the best available location offered by the construction of the car.
2. If the car is equipped with end doors, then the deck clearance stencil must also be located near or under the side ladder.
3. A 7-in. minimum letter height is allowed if the construction of the car will not permit the use of 9-in. lettering. See paragraphs 2.2.1 and 2.2.2 in this specification.
S-910
12/1/03
Table B.7 Fully enclosed multilevel auto rack cars—notes to Fig. B.7
S-910
12/1/03
Letter/ General
2 Spring Stencil 1 1/2 in. 3.2.2, 3.2.3 1.3 On ends of car if car permits; otherwise, stencil on opposite diagonal corners on side of car.
4 Consolidated Stencil 1 in 3.1.3 Ref. AAR Field On BL and AR corners; reference the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 80.
Manual Rule 80
5 Load Limit Star 3 in. 3.3.4 — Stencil to left of load limit; reference the Field Manual of the AAR Interchange Rules, Rule 70.
6 Length Stencil 2 in. — 1.11 Stencil to include length over end sills or over platform, exclusive of any lowering or raising
of the platform level at ends of car measured at center. Stencil “L feet and inches.”
8 Plates C, E, and F, and Exceeds Plate F Stencil Ref. Gen. Spec. 3.3.3 3.3.3 Ref. S-913 Stencil on centerline and to the right of car number and reporting marks.
9 Stencil of Reporting Marks and Car Number on 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 2.5 — Stencil on side of each bolster facing end of car. For alternate location, stencil on BL and AR
Truck tension member of side frames visible from roadside.
etc. and 41
12 Eaves Width, Extreme Width, and Extreme Height 1 1/2 in. – 2 in. 3.3.13 – 1.5 Stencil on location shown.
Stencil 3.3.17
L–45
14 Rack Certified Month/Year 1 in. — Ref. AAR Field Stencil on inside of shear bay on BL and AR corners above lube stencil.
Manual Rule 88
15 Car Certified Month/Year 1 in. — Ref. AAR Field Stencil on both sides of car to left of reporting marks.
Manual Rule 88
16 Die Stamp Stencil 1/2 in. 2.4 — Stencil reporting marks and car number in 1/2-in. steel (die stamp) stenciling on BL side of
center sill inboard of No. 2 axle. For alternate location, stencil on BL corner outboard of
bolster.
17 Lube Doors 1 in. — — Stencil on inside panel of BL and AR corners.

Stencil: Tie-Downs
Co. Mark XXX 00-00 Mo. & Yr.
18 Tri-level Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.15 Stencil on inside of shear bays on BR and AL corners. Stencil to be visible when door is in
open position.
19 This Car Excess Height Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.18 Stencil on all four corners.
20 Excess Height Car Stencil 3 in. — 1.22 Stencil on locations shown.
21 Hinged Deck and Door Stencil 1 1/2 in. — 1.23 Stencil on underside of hinged deck at each end of car. Stencil to be visible with doors locked
in open and closed positions.
22 Reporting Mark and Number 2 in. — — Stencil on inside of shear bays at BR and AL corners, each deck. Black.
23 Special Handbrake Chain Length Stencil 1 1/2 in. minimum — 1.9 Required for cars with nonstandard handbrake chains. See the Manual of Standard and
Recommended Practices, Section E, Standard S-475. Locate on side of car near handbrake.
APPENDIX B
S-911
CARS EQUIPPED WITH LOADING BARS AND MOVABLE BULKHEADS

(LETTERING AND MARKING)
Standard
S-911
Adopted: 1977; Revised: 2002

1.0 SCOPE
This standard specifies the method for marking cars equipped with loading bars and movable
bulkheads. See Recommended Practice RP-901 for additional information.
Fig. 1.1 Method of marking cars equipped with loading bars and movable bulkheads
L–46 12/1/03
S-912
CLEAR DOOR OPENING

Standard
S-912

1.0 SCOPE
This standard specifies a method for marking sliding door box cars to denote a clear door opening.
Fig. 1.1 Method of marking cars to denote clear door opening

12/1/03 L–47
S-913
CLEARANCE PLATES
Standard
S-913

1.0 SCOPE
This standard specifies a method for marking clearance plates on cars.
Fig. 1.1 Lettering and marking of clearance plates on cars

L–48 12/1/03
S-914
METRICATION STENCILING
Standard
S-914

1.0 SCOPE
1.1 This standard became effective January 1, 1980.
1.2 This standard applies to all cars whose owners desire to stencil their cars with conventional
and metric units. The basic reference for this standard is ASTM E-380-72.
2.0 DUAL UNIT STENCILING LAYOUT
Cars with conventional and metric units will be stenciled as shown below:
IL 00 0 00 000 MM
IW 00 0 0 000 MM
IH 00 0 0 000 MM
LDLMT 000000 00 000 KG
LT WT 00000 00 000 KG
CU FT 0000 000 CU M
3.0 TOLERANCE
The following tolerances will apply to metric stenciling:
3.1 To facilitate the reading of numbers having four or more digits, the digits will be placed in
groups of three, and each group will be separated by a space.
3.2 Weights will be rounded to the nearest 50 kg.
3.3 Linear dimensions will be rounded to the nearest 10 mm.
3.4 Volume will be rounded to the nearest cubic meter.
3.5 All stenciling and abbreviations are to be in upper case.
12/1/03 L–49
S-915
LOADING STENCIL—REFRIGERATOR CAR FLOOR
Standard
S-915

1.0 SCOPE
This standard specifies method for stenciling floor capacity on refrigerator cars.
Fig. 1.1 Side interior view
L–50 12/1/03
RP-900
PASSENGER CAR
Recommended Practice
RP-900

1.0 SCOPE
This recommended practice designates the abbreviations used in the lettering and marks stenciled
onto passenger equipment cars.
PA Car equipped to handle passengers.

PAB Car equipped to transport passengers and baggage.
PB A car constructed for passenger train service and equipped to handle baggage, express, mail, merchandise, or similar
products.
PD Car equipped for food or beverage service.
PS Company service car, including office cars, instruction cars, display cars, etc.
PSD Company service car (including office, instruction, display, etc.) equipped for food and/or beverage service.
2.0 DEFINITION
A passenger train car is defined as a car of suitable construction that is equipped to operate in pas-
senger trains. Its characteristics include the following:
• All steel, steel underframe, or equivalent construction.
• Passenger-type air brake equipment or of a type to function with other passenger car
brakes.
• Trucks suitable for satisfactory operation in passenger train service.
• Train-line connections for signaling, heating, power, or other functions as required for the
train assignment.
12/1/03 L–51
RP-901
BOXCARS EQUIPPED WITH REMOVABLE CROSSBARS

RP-901

1.0 SCOPE
This recommended practice applies to marking boxcars equipped with removable crossbars.
Fig. 1.1 Marking for boxcars equipped with removable crossbars

Notes:
1. Sizes and spacing of letters and figures: all lettering 1 1/2 in. minimum or 2 in. maximum and
spacing 3/4 in.
2. Black panel with white lettering applied at top of inside end lining.
3. Initials of manufacturer of device.
4. Total of items per car (stencil items applicable only to car).
5. Manufacturer’s piece number for item.
L–52 12/1/03
RP-902
CARS EQUIPPED WITH ANTIPILFERAGE DEVICES

RP-902

1.0 SCOPE
This recommended practice applies to marking cars of plug door and sliding door design that are
equipped with antipilferage devices.
Note:
Each stencil is to be of a color
contrasting with that of the car
body and surrounded by a 1/4-in.
border.
Fig. 1.1 Plug door
12/1/03 L–53
RP-902
Notes:
1. Each stencil is to be of a color contrasting with that of the car body and surrounded by a 1/4-in. border.
2. Stencils may be located on the car body as shown or placed directly on the door.
Fig. 1.2 Sliding door
L–54 12/1/03
RP-903
LADING STRAP ANCHORS

RP-903

1.0 SCOPE
This recommended practice applies to marking cars equipped with lading strap anchors.
White symbol should be stenciled as shown on the side door of both sides of the car on all cars equipped with
lading strap anchors in side lining.
Note:
Fig. 1.1 Method of marking cars equipped with lading strap anchors
12/1/03 L–55
RP-904
GONDOLA CARS WITH WOOD FLOORS

RP-904

1.0 SCOPE
This recommended practice describes the stencil used to mark gondola cars equipped with wood
floors and identifies where it should be located.
Fig. 1.1 Identification markings for gondola cars equipped with wood floors
L–56 12/1/03
9/1/03
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
REVISED PAGE DATES
Shown below are the current dates applicable to each page of Section L of the AAR Manual of Standards and Recom-
mended Practices. The printed page date is shown in either the lower left or lower right-hand corner of the page. In the
event a new specification, standard, or recommended practice does not include an effective date, the printed page date
will constitute the effective date.
Page Numbers Page Numbers
Front Reverse Front Reverse

Cover—12/1/03 Copyright—12/1/03 L–27—12/1/03 L–28—12/1/03
1–i—12/1/03 1–ii—12/1/03 L–29—12/1/03 L–30—12/1/03
1–iii—12/1/03 1–iv—12/1/03 L–31—12/1/03 L–32—12/1/03
1–v—12/1/03 1–vi—12/1/03 L–33—12/1/03 L–34—12/1/03
L–1—12/1/03 L–2—12/1/03 L–35—12/1/03 L–36—12/1/03
L–3—12/1/03 L–4—12/1/03 L–37—12/1/03 L–38—12/1/03
L–5—12/1/03 L–6—12/1/03 L–39—12/1/03 L–40—12/1/03
L–7—12/1/03 L–8—12/1/03 L–41—12/1/03 L–42—12/1/03
L–9—12/1/03 L–10—12/1/03 L–43—12/1/03 L–44—12/1/03
L–11—12/1/03 L–12—12/1/03 L–45—12/1/03 L–46—12/1/03
L–13—12/1/03 L–14—12/1/03 L–47—12/1/03 L–48—12/1/03
L–15—12/1/03 L–16—12/1/03 L–49—12/1/03 L–50—12/1/03
L–17—12/1/03 L–18—12/1/03 L–51—12/1/03 L–52—12/1/03
L–19—12/1/03 L–20—12/1/03 L–53—12/1/03 L–54—12/1/03
L–21—12/1/03 L–22—12/1/03 L–55—12/1/03 L–56—12/1/03
L–23—12/1/03 L–24—12/1/03 L–57—9/1/03 L–58—12/1/03
L–25—12/1/03 L–26—12/1/03
12/1/03 L–57
12/1/03
APPENDIX A
L–58 12/1/03

Identificación Carros MSRP-L03

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12/1/03

Association of American Railroads

(See copyright statement next page)

The Association of American Railroads

Copyright © 2003 by the Association of American Railroads (AAR)

ORDERS FOR Publications Department

THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY

Subject Standard Page

Standard Subject Page

Adopted: 1975; Revised: 1992, 2002

5.0 SHELF LIFE AND STORAGE

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1984, 2002

Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1982, 2002

Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1982, 2002

Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

Note: This drawing represents a typical car only.

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1972, 2002

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1972, 2002

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1987, 2002

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1972, 2002

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1987, 2002

MAINTENANCE OF WAY EQUIPMENT—CLASS MW

Adopted: 1910; Revised: 1992, 2002

MS Scale car—a car used to test railroad track scales.

LETTERING AND MARKING OF CARS

Adopted: 1901; Revised: 1994, 2002

00 INCH HF COMP SHOES

3.2.6 Cushioning Devices

MFGR TYPE 00-00

3.2.7 Sliding-Sill Cushioned-Underframe Cars

3.2.9 Intermediate Train Line Hoses

3.3.3 Cars Exceeding Plate B

FOR RESTRICTED LOADING ONLY

3.3.9 Baggage and Express Cars

3.3.11 Antipilferage Devices

3.3.13 Eaves Width and Height Stencil

THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY

MOVING CAR 3" LETTERING 1.14 INTERIOR OF

MFGR TYPE 00-00 YELLOW BACKGROUND

TYPE AND/OR MODEL NUMBER) 1/2"

3/4" BLACK BORDER BLACK STENCIL

H.B. CHAIN X/X" ALLOY 00" LONG OPENING W H

CORRECT NUMBER LOWER & LOCK FOR TRI-LEVELS ONLY

WORK LOAD LIMIT 0000

3" LETTERS & SPACE

Fig. B.1 Boxcars and refrigerator cars

LD LMT LT WT BLOCK 13 BLOCK 10 BLOCK 6

Fig. B.2 Flatcars

3" LETTERS & SPACE

BLOCK 12 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 7

Notes: XXX 000000

location offered by the construction of the car. BLOCK 9

minimum Standard and Recommended Practices, Section E, Standard S-475. Locate on

BLOCK 10 BLOCK 15 BOTTOM OF SIDE SILL BLOCK 10

Fig. B.3 Gondola cars

minimum Standard and Recommended Practices, Section E, Standard S-475.

XXX BLOCK 6 B-END