Motivation Function

Motivation
• Psychological process; will to work
• The set of forces that leads people to behave in a particular way
• Art of inspiring and encouraging subordinates.
• Motivation is a process of creating willingness among the employees
to do the works in the best possible way for achieving organizational
goals.
• It energizes the behavior of subordinates and directs them towards
the attainment of common goal.
Features of Motivation
1. Psychological process
2. Continuous process
3. Complex and unpredictable process
4. Pervasive function
5. Produces goal directed behavior
6. Positive or negative
Techniques of Motivation
1. Financial incentives
2. Participation
3. Delegation of Authority/ Empowerment
4. Job security
5. Job Enlargement
6. Job Enrichment
7. Job Rotation
8. Quality of work life
9. Competition
Theories of Motivation
1. Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy Theory
2. Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory/ Motivation-Hygiene Theory
3. Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Y
Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy Theory
• According to Maslow, needs exist in a hierarchy. Only when lower
order needs are satisfied can higher order needs be activated and
serve as sources of motivation.
• He believed that once a given level of need is satisfied, it no longer
serves to motivate a person. Then, the next higher level of need
emerges.
Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory
• Also known as dual factor theory of motivation or hygiene theory of
motivation.
• Frederick Herzberg theorized that employee satisfaction has two
dimensions: “hygiene” and ”motivation”.
• Hygiene issues, such as salary and supervision, decrease employees'
dissatisfaction with the work environment. Motivators, such as
recognition and achievement, make workers more productive,
creative and committed
Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Y
Theory X
• Traditional theory of management philosophy.
• People tend to resist change and also avoid responsibilities.
• The authoritarian leadership style is the most appropriate leadership style.
• The work motivation comes through financial incentives.
• People should be monitored and controlled closely to make them work
effectively.
• People prefer to be led by others rather than lead others.
• People are generally poor decision makers.
Cond…
Theory Y
• People like to work as natural as play or rest.
• No need for reward and punishment system.
• People are prepared to take responsibility.
• Reward should address satisfaction of ego and actualization needs
not just financial needs.
• People always tend to be creative to solve organizational problems
• All employees in an organization are given equal chance to develop
their skills.
Thank You