SC-251 - Design of Guidance Systems For Lifting and Placement

WI-10.
05 Incident Reporting and Investigation

Rev: A1 (January 2012)
Owner: …
Design of Guidance Systems for

Lifting and Placement
SC-251
Standard Criteria for Engineering Design
Originator: P. Schoenmaekers // Owner: J.P. de Vries // Checker Quality: G.J. van Slingerland // Checker: R. Zoontjes
SC-251 Design of Guidance Systems for Lifting and Placement
Rev: C (December 2019)
REVISION STATUS
Revision Description
A Document format revised & revision identifier changed.
April 2014
B Totally revised.
July 2017
C Content updated to reflect new organizational structure,
December 2019 turnaround changes and new ways of working.
CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 4
2 ABBREVIATIONS AND REFERENCES 6

Abbreviations 6
Reference Documents 6
3 GUIDANCE SYSTEM SELECTION 7

General Requirement 7
Guidance System Types 7
Guidance System Selection 9
4 DIMENSIONING REQUIREMENTS 10
Lift Object Movements 10
Minimum clearances for guidance systems 11
Dimensions for Guidance Systems 14
Lift Object Placement 16
5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA 17

Design Method 17
Design Loads for Guidance Systems 17
Allowable Stresses 23
Guidance System Material & Welding Specifications 23
6 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS & RECOMMENDATIONS 24
7 ATTACHMENTS 26
Attachment 1 - Terminology
Attachment 2 - Guidance System Concepts
Attachment 3 - Design Requirements for ‘Hang-off’ Modules
1 INTRODUCTION
The objective of this Standard Criteria (SC) is to provide design requirements for guidance systems to
be used in lifting and placement operations by Heerema Marine Contractors Nederland S.E. (hereafter
called HMC). This SC is applicable for lift operations by any lift vessel of the HMC fleet.
In the context of this SC; a guidance system for heavy lift operations means an arrangement of structural
steel components (generally tubular), that provides constraint to horizontal movements of a lift object
suspended in the crane(s), thus maintaining clear space between the lift object and items on the existing
structure. Also, where necessary, a system to achieve set-down of a lift-object within required placement
tolerances.
This document contains the criteria and concepts for the design of guidance systems for lifting and
placement of a lift object (see note) by either single or dual cranes at the following locations:
• Offshore onto / from a fixed structure;
• Offshore onto / from a heavy lift vessel’s own deck;
• Offshore onto / from a floating structure;
• Inshore sheltered area onto / from a quayside;
• Inshore sheltered area onto / from a heavy lift vessel’s own deck;
• Inshore sheltered area onto / from a floating structure.
Note: Generally a Topsides, (integrated) Deck, Module, Module support frame etc. The criteria are also
applicable to other structures, such as, Jackets or subsea templates, provided the lift-off or placement
of the lift object is in air and not submerged or partly submerged in water.
Guidance systems for Topsides components installed in separate lifts, e.g. flare booms and derrick
towers, may require special consideration with respect to design loads and method of installation.
Therefore, for third party design of such guidance systems, close cooperation with HMC in the
development of these design concepts is recommended.
The contents of this SC shall be read and used in conjunction with other HMC SC documents relevant
to design engineering for lifting operations, in particular the following:
• SC-201 ‘Single Crane Lift Systems’
• SC-211 ‘Dual Crane Lift Systems’
See also to the flowchart in Figure 1.1-1, which indicates the relationship between SC documents
relevant to design engineering for lifting operations.
The criteria specified in this document represent the minimum HMC requirements. Contracts with
clients might specify stricter requirements which are leading. In special circumstances, relaxation from
the criteria stated in this document may be permitted. The relaxation shall be discussed with the Lead
Engineer / Engineering Manager who is responsible for the scope where relaxation is required, the Lead
Engineer / Engineering Manager will determine what further action is required to approve this
relaxation. For more information on relaxation of a Standard Criteria, see WI.07.03.08 [Ref. 1].
HMC reserves the right to modify and change its stated criteria without explanation or notice, with
exception of current contracts at the time of such changes.
*Printed version of this document is UNCONTROLLED. Please refer to MSD for the latest revision
Page 4 of 68
The application, interpretation and implementation of the HMC Standard Criteria by a party other than
HMC for whatsoever purpose, shall at all times be at such party’s sole responsibility and at its sole
risk. HMC shall not be liable for any claim or damages whatsoever directly or indirectly arising from
the usage of or in relation to the Standard Criteria by a party, other than HMC.
Dual Crane
Single Crane
1 + 1, 2 + 2,
One, Two, Three &
2+4&4+4
Four Point
Lift Systems
Lift Systems
SC-201 SC-211
Single Crane Dual Crane
Lift Systems Lift Systems
SC-291
Selection of Steel Wire
Rope Slings /
Grommets & Shackles
SC-293 SC-294
Selection & Use of Selection of High
Synthetic Flat Webbing Performance Synthetic
and Round Slings for Slings for Engineered
WLL ≤ 12 mT Lifts
SC-292
Lift Point Design
SC-251
Design of Guidance
Systems for Lifting &
Placement
Figure 1.1-1 Flowchart for Lifting Operations Standard Criteria
Page 5 of 68
2 ABBREVIATIONS AND REFERENCES

Abbreviations
The following abbreviations are used in this document:
Abbreviation Description
AISC American Institute of Steel Construction
API American Petroleum Institute
CoG Centre of Gravity
HLV Heavy Lift Vessel
HMC Heerema Marine Contractors Nederland S.E.
LRFD Load, Resistance Factor Design
SC HMC Standard Criteria
WSD Working Stress Design
For definition of certain terms used in this document, see the Terminology in Attachment 1.
Reference Documents
All guidance systems that are to be used by HMC for lifts in air shall be designed in accordance with
requirements of this SC and those listed in Section 1.0. Additional requirements relevant to guidance
system design, given in the following reference documents, shall also be deemed applicable, unless
noted otherwise in this SC.
Reference No. Description

1. HMC Work Instruction: ‘Technology Knowledge Management’
Doc. No. WI.07.03.08
2. HMC Standard: ‘Operations Installation (and Removal) Criteria’
Doc. No. S2.01
3. American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC): ‘Specification for Structural
Steel Buildings – Allowable Stress Design and Plastic Design’
Published: 1st June 1989
(Included in AISC ‘Manual of Steel Construction’, 9th edition)
4. American Petroleum Institute (API): ‘Recommended Practice for Planning,
Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore Platforms-Working Stress Design’
Doc. No. API RP 2a WSD, 22nd Edition, November 2014
5. HMC: ‘Welding and Fabrication of Structural Steel’
Doc. No. Specification 001
Page 6 of 68
3 GUIDANCE SYSTEM SELECTION

General Requirement
Guidance systems can be required to provide any of the following:
a) Safe guidance of a lift object during lowering into a specified set-down position and within the
required placement tolerances;
b) Safe guidance during a lift object lift-off from a support structure;
c) Prevent damage / snagging / jamming of a suspended lift object with items on adjacent structures.
A guidance system is always required for lift operations when:

• The horizontal clear distance from any part of a lift object suspended in the crane(s) to items in the
vicinity of the set-down / lift-off area on:
o a fixed structure or a HLV’s own deck is less than 3 m or;
o a barge is less than 7 m or;
o other floating structures is less than 10 m or;
• The required lift object placement tolerance is less than ±500 mm (in plan position) or;
• Deemed necessary in special circumstances, even though the above limiting conditions are not met.
In situations where the minimum clear gap between the lift object suspended in the crane(s) and the
existing structure is less than 3 m, prior to engagement into a guidance system, then additional
protection is required to prevent unintentional contacts.
Guidance System Types

This SC is applicable for the design of guidance system types described in this Section, which are
generally used in lift operations by HMC. Other guidance system arrangements not covered in this SC
can be considered, provided their design fulfils the criteria stated in this document.
Additional information on each guidance system concept is contained in Attachment 2.
Type I - Guide and Bumper (Figure 3.2-1 overleaf)

An arrangement of (generally) tubular steel members, comprising a guide onto which a bumper can
bear against, during a lift object final positioning / set-down or lift-off from a support position. Guides
are generally fitted onto a structure that forms the support (foundation) of the item to be lifted and
bumpers are mounted on the lift object. Guides and bumpers are normally temporary structures, which
are removed after completion of the lift operation.
This system can be designed for lift object initial engagement in either a horizontal or a vertical
direction.
An arrangement of two bumpers (one horizontal and one vertical) can also be used as a ‘protection’
system, where its purpose is solely to limit horizontal movement of a lift object suspended in the
crane(s) to prevent any unintentional contact with items in the vicinity of the lift path.
Page 7 of 68
Vertical Guide Lift Object

(fixed onto an (suspended in crane)
existing support Lift Object 0. Approach
structure)
1. Engage
Horizontal Bumper
2. Lower & (connected to Lift Object)
set-down
ELEVATION
Lift Object
PLAN
(at set-down)
Figure 3.2-1 Typical Guide & Bumper Arrangement
Type II - Pin and Bucket (Figure 3.2-2)

An arrangement of (generally) tubular steel members comprising a vertical pin with a conical end over
which a tubular ring with and internal cone can be engaged during a lift object installation or lift-off.
Typically, guide pins are fitted onto the existing structure and buckets mounted on the lift object. Pin
and bucket systems can be either temporary structures, removed after the lift operation or left in place
within the permanent structure.
Lift object initial engagement is in a vertical direction only.
Bucket
(connected to Lift Object)
Lift Object
(suspended in crane)
Lift Object
0. Approach
1. Engage
Vertical Guide Pin

2. Lower & (fixed onto existing
set-down structure)
ELEVATIONS
Figure 3.2-2 Typical Pin and Bucket Arrangement
Type III - Stabbing Cone (Figure 3.2-3 overleaf)

A conical (generally) steel structure that engages into a tubular steel member. Stabbing cones are
generally fitted onto a lift object and the receiving tubular member forms part of the lift object
permanent support on the existing structure, e.g. a jacket leg. Stabbing cones normally remain in place
within the permanent structure.
Lift object initial engagement is in a vertical direction only.
Page 8 of 68
Lift Object
Column / Leg
Lift Object
(with bearing ring)
1. Engage
2. Lower & Splice Elevation
set-down
Stabbing Cone
(Connected to
Lift Object)
Support Tubular Support Tubular

(Existing Structure) (Existing Structure)
ELEVATION DETAIL VIEW

(after set-down)
Figure 3.2-3 Typical Stabbing Cone Arrangement
Guidance System Selection

It is essential that the selected guidance system is matched with the lift operation, the lift object support
configuration and extent of potential obstructions adjacent to the set-down / lift-off area.
Installation systems
All the guidance system concepts contained in Attachment 2 are suitable for installations of lift objects
onto base support arrangements. For Topsides modules supported from one side i.e. hang-off modules,
a horizontal cow-horn bumper and vertical guide system is preferred. Refer to Attachment 3.
Installation guidance systems for lift objects can comprise one or more of the three types described in
Section 3.2, in order to provide appropriate guidance from initial alignment over the set-down location
to placement. The guidance system functions in the lift / lowering operation are defined:-
Primary system: part of a guidance system that provides initial constraint to horizontal movements of
a lift object as it is manoeuvred in the crane(s) above the set-down area. A primary system provides
either full or partial constraint to lift object movements in a horizontal direction and plan rotation that
is sufficient for subsequent engagement into a secondary system.
Secondary system: part of a guidance system that provides further horizontal constraint to a lift object
as it is lowered towards the set-down elevation, such that horizontal movements and plan rotation are
limited to within the required placement tolerances.
Tertiary system: an optional arrangement of generally steel shims that can be used to provide the
minimum placement tolerances, in instances where this cannot be readily achieved with the secondary
guidance system. For tertiary concepts refer to Attachment A2.8.
Lift-off systems
For the guidance of a lift object during a lift-off operation, a type I primary vertical guide and horizontal
bumper system is generally the most suitable. Refer to Attachment 2.1.
Combined systems
For a lift operation that requires guidance systems for lift-off and set-down, the guidance system should,
where practicable, be designed to utilise the guidance components mounted on the lift object for both
operations.
Page 9 of 68
4 DIMENSIONING REQUIREMENTS
This section provides the minimum requirements for overall dimensions of guidance system
components.
Lift Object Movements

In the absence of detailed analysis, guidance systems for the required lift configuration shall be designed
to accommodate the movements of a lift object when suspended in the crane(s) for the six degrees of
freedom listed in Table 4.1-1 below. Refer also Figure 4.1-1 overleaf for an illustration of the movement
directions:
Movement / Fixed Structures Heavy Lift Floating Structures
Direction See Lifts onto Lifts Vessel Deck Lifts onto Lifts from
Note from
1) 1) & 2) 1) & 3)
Translations: (m)
Vertical (Tver) ± 0.75 ± 0.50 ± 0.15 ± 1.25 ± 0.75
Horizontal (Thor) ± 1.50 ± 1.00 ± 0.50 ± 1.75 ± 1.25
Rotations: 7) (%)
About a horizontal 4) &
+4 ±4 ±4 ±5 ±5
axis (Rhor) 5)
About a Vertical 6)
+6 n/a ±2 ±6 n/a
axis (Rver)
Table 4.1-1 Lift Object Movement Criteria for Offshore Lift Operations by HLV
Notes to Table 4.1-1:

1) For inshore locations, the movements given in the above Table shall be used.
2) Movements also applicable for design of guidance systems for lifts onto / from a quayside.
3) Floating structures such as a cargo barge moored alongside the HLV or other floating units that are
moored (or dynamically positioned). Movements of critical lift-off operations at offshore locations
shall be determined by study / assessment.
4) Rhor is the maximum lift object rotation about a horizontal axis in any direction for single crane lifts.
For lift objects which require to be suspended at a specific angle (to horizontal), then Rhor should
be added to / subtracted from this specific angle.
For dual crane lifts, Rhor may be considered as 4% about a horizontal axis in line with the two crane
hooks, plus 1 m difference in the hook heights required for a horizontal lift.
5) For removal lifts; either from an existing structure and set-down on the HLV deck or offloading
from the HLV deck, Rhor may be reduced to a minimum of 2%, provided the lift object weight and
CoG has been determined from data that is complete and verified by weighing or offshore survey.
6) All movements are in relation to a lift object suspended in the cranes at a position, either just prior
to engaging the guidance system or just after lift-off and within the guidance system.
7) Rotation (degrees) = arcsin(% rotation / 100).
8) The movement criteria are not applicable to rigging design nor do they represent limiting
installation criteria.
Page 10 of 68
+Tver
VERTICAL AXIS
+Rver
+Thor
-Thor IS
-Rver L AX
TR D INA
AN
SV GITU
ER ON
SE L
AX
IS
on IS
cti AX
)
Di AL
-Thor +Thor
ny NT
re
(A IZO
R
HO
-Rhor -Tver
+Rhor
Figure 4.1-1 Lift Object Movement Origin and Axes
Minimum clearances for guidance systems

The minimum clearances given in this SC are those required for the design of guidance systems and are
applicable to a lift object engaged within the system. For details on minimum clearances required during
a lift object approach to a set-down area or between a lift object and a HLV, refer to the Operations lift
clearance drawings in HMC Standard S2.01 [Ref. 2].
Primary System
When a lift object is at the point of initial engagement into a primary guidance system, the overall
dimensioning of the system shall allow for sufficient clearances between:
a) The guidance system primary components given in Table 4.2-1 overleaf
and
b) Extremity of a lift object and nearest points on the existing structure given in Section 4.2.3.
Page 11 of 68
Primary System Minimum

Clearance Description (see also Figure 4.3-1 overleaf)
Clearances (m)
Between bearing surfaces of primary guidance system
Minimum horizontal
components when a lift object is directly above target set-
clearance, Hcp ≥ 0.1
down position - see notes 1) & 2).
Minimum vertical Lowest point of lift object above the highest elevation of
clearances, Vcp1 ≥ 3.0 objects, other than secondary guides, within the installation /
(at initial lift-off area on the existing structure - see notes 3) to 5).
engagement) Vcp2 ≥ 1.5 Lowest point of lift object above secondary guides on the
existing structure - see notes 3) to 5).
Table 4.2-1 Minimum Clearances for a Primary System

1) Initial horizontal clearance (Hcp) is required for: a) reduced risk of jamming during lift object
lowering within a primary system. b) "as-built" dimensions of the guidance system components
fitted to the lift object and on the existing structure; and c) provision of space for a tertiary system,
e.g. welded shimming onto the guidance components. Hcp may be reduced to a minimum of
secondary horizontal clearance (Hcs), given in Section 4.5.2, where there is no risk of jamming
and/or additional measures to achieve the placement tolerance (e.g. shims) are not required.
2) For primary guides mounted on a barge, the guide should be inclined by 10° from vertical, away
from the lift object - see also Figure A2.1-6 in Attachment A2.1.
3) Minimum vertical clearance of a lift object at an elevation for initial engagement into the primary
guide system based on a horizontal lift attitude i.e. zero tilt. Refer to Figure 4.2.-1 overleaf.
4) Where the lift object approach to the primary guides requires it to pass over the top of secondary
guides on the existing structure, the clearance shall be the Operations minimum [Ref. 2]. In this
instance, the lift object would then be lowered to the required elevation to engage the primary
guides. When this operation is required it should be noted on the installation procedure.
5) When a lift object is above the set-down / lift-off position on a HLV deck, vertical clearances, Vcp1
and Vcp2 can be reduced to 0.5 m.
6) Installation drawings should indicate the minimum vertical clearance between the lowest point on
a lift object (in the calculated lift attitude, generally zero tilt) at the elevation for initial engagement
with the primary guides.
Page 12 of 68
Primary
Guide Hcp
Lift Object Elevation of the lowest point
Elevation (suspended in crane(s) on the Lift Object
for initial At normal lift attitude
engagement (zero % tilt) Top of Secondary guide
(see note) Vcp2
Highest elevation of
Primary
Vcp1 objects within the
Bumper
installation area
Existing
Structure ELEVATION
Figure 4.2-1 Lift Object Minimum Clearances at Initial Engagement into the Primary Guides
Note to Figure 4.2-1:

The elevation for initial engagement into a primary system is:-
• Tver below the top of a vertical guide or a pin;
• At the top of the vertical part of a cow-horn guide;
• At the top of a support tubular for a stabbing cone.
Secondary System
When a lift object is at the point of engagement into the vertical part of a secondary guidance system,
the overall dimensioning of the system shall allow for a minimum horizontal clearance (Hcs) of 25 mm
at each of the component interfaces. If lift object rotation about a horizontal axis (Rhor, stated in Section
4.1) has a negative effect on the clearance, then the rotation shall also be taken into account when
determining the minimum clearance.
The primary and secondary systems shall be engaged into the vertical part of the system, prior to the
lowest point of a lift object contacting the supports.
Existing Structure
During lift object lifting or lowering within a guidance system, no part of the lift object shall come into
contact with any part of the existing structure, other than at intended contact points, i.e. the lift object
supports and bearing surfaces of the guidance system components.
The minimum horizontal clearance between the extremities of a lift object (suspended in the cranes)
and the existing structure shall not be less than:-
a) 0.25 m for lift object movements constrained by the guidance system during the following
conditions:
• Minimum clearances shall take into account the most onerous lift attitude derived from
applicable movements given in Table 4.1-1;
• Over the height range from lift object engagement into a guidance system to support elevation.
b) 3 m for lift object movements unconstrained by the guidance system.
The clearances between the lift object and the existing structure shall be verified by a dimensional study
and monitored during the lift object design and construction phases. The study shall include the presence
of any temporary items e.g. hook-up equipment, seafastening (remnants) and scaffolding.
Page 13 of 68
Notes to Section 4.2.3:

1) Minimum clearance is applicable to the extremity of a bumper or other primary / secondary
guidance items attached to the lift object, e.g. a cow-horn bumper (see Figure A2.3-4).
2) For Topsides removals, clearances on un-guided faces may be reduced to 2m, where there is no
possibility for the lift object to snag on adjacent structure / equipment during lift-off. For minor
lifts, such as containers, where there is no possibility of snagging, then clearance may be reduced
to 0.5 m.
3) For situations where the clearances will be minimal, the clearances shall also be verified by a
dimensional survey of the interface area. Any dimensional surveys should be carried out well in
advance of the lift operation, in order to allow time for any remedial action to be undertaken.
4) Horizontal clearances between the lift object just prior to engagement into or exit from a guidance
system shall not be less than the values given in Section 3.1.
Dimensions for Guidance Systems

The minimum required overall dimensions of guidance system components shall accommodate all of
the following:
• Lift object movements given in Section 4.1;
• Minimum clearance requirements stated in Section 4.2;
• Elevation of bumper / cone etc. on the lift object relative to the support elevation on the Existing
Structure.
The overall dimensions shall, where possible, be determined using the applicable conditions set out in
Sections 4.3.1 to 4.3.7. For example equations and figures on determining overall dimensions of various
guidance system types, refer to Attachment 2.
Height of guides and pins

The minimum height of a guide or pin should be sufficient to fulfil the following conditions:
Primary systems
• Accommodate lift object movements given in Section 4.1, without the lift object contacting the top
of a secondary guide and;
• When a lift object is at the initial engagement elevation and in normal lift attitude (zero tilt), its
lowest point should have a minimum vertical clearance (from Table 4.2-1) of:
Vcp1, above items in the set-down area on the existing structure, excluding secondary guides and;
Vcp2, above secondary guides (where present) on the existing structure and;
• Where protection on the existing structure or the lift object is required during the lift operation, the
top of the guide should be above the highest elevation of the item required to be protected.
Secondary systems
• With the lift object in normal lift attitude (zero tilt), the minimum overall secondary guide height
should accommodate lift object vertical movement given in Section 4.1 without the lift object
contacting the supports and;
• With a lift object rotated about a horizontal axis, given in Section 4.1, the vertical part of a guide or
pin should be sufficient to allow all bumpers to be engaged, prior to set-down onto the supports.
Page 14 of 68
Height of stabbing cones

Primary systems
The minimum height of a stabbing cone should be sufficient to fulfil the following conditions:
• Enable the total vertical movement of an incoming lift object (from Section 4.1) to be ‘captured’
within the tubular support system, without premature set-down on a support and;
• Initial engagement to be via both primary stabbing cones.
Secondary systems
The height of a secondary stabbing cone should be sufficient to align the lift object column / leg with
the tubular support structure, prior to set-down and not engage the support until after engagement of the
primary cones.
Length of bumpers
The minimum length of bumper should be sufficient to fulfil the following conditions:
Primary systems
• Accommodate total horizontal movement of a lift object given in Section 4.1 and;
• Any subsequent horizontal translations after initial engagement.
Secondary systems
• Accommodate movements in directions constrained by the guidance system and:
• Where horizontal motion is unconstrained by the guidance system, accommodate Thor of the
horizontal movement of a lift object (given in Section 4.1) and;
• Any subsequent horizontal translations after secondary system engagement and;
• Not be less than 0.5 m in length.
Diameter of bucket cones

Primary systems
The minimum inside diameter of a primary bucket cone should be sufficient to enable initial
engagement of the primary pin with the total horizontal movement of a lift object from Section 4.1.
Secondary systems
The minimum inside diameter of a secondary bucket cone should be sufficient to enable initial
engagement of the secondary pin with 50% of the horizontal movement of a lift object, given in Section
4.1 and not less than 0.5 m.
Diameter of stabbing cones

Stabbing cone base diameters are governed by the inside diameter of the supporting tubular less twice
the minimum horizontal clearance Hcs. from Section 4.2.2. For offshore lifts onto support tubulars with
diameters less than 1.2 m inside diameter, an alternative primary system shall be used to capture total
horizontal movement of a lift object as given in Section 4.1.
Primary cone tip diameters should be kept to a minimum to facilitate initial entry of the cone into the
support tubular and maximize the horizontal movement that can be accommodated.
Page 15 of 68
Slopes of Guides and Cones

For cow-horns and cones (external or internal), the angle of inclination relative to the direction of
engagement shall be in the range of 30° to 45°. However, the preferred maximum angle is 40° to ensure
a reliable sliding action.
For smooth transfer onto shims, the recommended slope on leading edges of shims should be 1:4 (refer
to Figure A2.8-1.
Cow-horns
The minimum ‘catchment’ length of the cow-horn part of a guide or bumper should be sufficient to
accommodate the total horizontal movement (given in Section 4.1) for primary systems and 50% of the
total movement for secondary systems.
Lift Object Placement

Accuracy of placement
The accuracy of the plan position in which a lift object is placed at the set-down location is governed
by the following:
• Fabrication tolerances of the guides and bumpers.
• The as-built positions of the guide/bumper system on the lift object and on the existing structure on
which the lift object is to be placed.
• The clearance between the contact points of corresponding guides and bumpers at lift object
placement. The criteria for the guide and bumper clearances are given in Section 4.2.
Placement tolerance
When a lift object is close to the set-down elevation, the clearance gap between contact surfaces can be
reduced to a minimum of 25 mm(see note 1). Consequently the minimum placement tolerance will be ±25
mm.
For a Topsides module such as, a flare boom, which is to be trial fitted onto the principal structure in
the fabrication yard, a reduction of the 25 mm clearance can be considered. In this situation, a trial fit
operation shall be performed with the guidance system components fitted in their required positions on
the Topsides and module.
Notes to Section 4.4.2:

1) The minimum clearance shall take into account the possibility of the suspended lift object having
a tilt as specified in Section 4.1.
2) Dimensions of bearing plates forming the support interface between lift object and existing
structure, shall take into account the placement tolerance plus an allowance for any securing weld
profile.
Page 16 of 68
5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

Design Method
For in-house designs and design reviews of guidance systems, the preferred method is by Working
Stress Design (WSD) and the criteria set out in this SC are based on this approach. Alternative methods
for evaluation of the strength of guidance system designs, such as LRFD, may be used provided that
equivalent redundancy and other design requirements are in accordance with this SC.
Design Loads for Guidance Systems

Static hookload
In the absence of a detailed analysis such as, a non-linear dynamic analysis to determine the design
loads, a quasi-static approach may be used. For this approach, the static hookload is used as input for
deriving the loads for design of guidance systems and for placement of a lift object. The static hookload
shall be determined from the following equations:
For single crane lifts, the static hookload is equivalent to the design weight of the lift object plus the
rigging weight as given in the following equation:
Single Crane Lift Static Hookload (Hstat) = Wdes + Wrig
where:
Wdes = Design weight (in accordance with SC-201)
Wrig = Rigging weight (in accordance with SC-201)
For dual crane lifts, the maximum static hookload (Hstat) shall be used as the basis for design guidance
system design loads. The maximum static hookload is derived from the maximum value of the Design
weight, distributed to either crane. The weight distribution shall take into account the possible variation
in the lift object CoG position between the cranes, in accordance with the required CoG envelope. The
equation below can be used to derive the maximum static hookload for a dual crane lift arrangement (see
note)
.
X
Dual Crane Lift Static Hookload (Hstat) = Wdes * + WAR
L
where:
Wdes = Design weight (in accordance with SC-211).
WAR = Weight of rigging associated with the crane (from Wrig in accordance with SC-211)
X = CoG position (within the CoG envelope that gives the maximum distributed weight)
≥ L/ 2
L and X are defined in Figure 5.2-1 overleaf.
Note:
Dual crane lift arrangements are often unique; therefore, the application of this criterion should be
applied with due consideration of the specific lift configuration.
Page 17 of 68
Crane 1 Crane 2
Hstat
L
X
(X ≥ L / 2)
Longitudinal
Axis
Wdes
Figure 5.2-1 Governing Static Hookload for a Dual Crane Lift
Design loads
Guidance system design loads are determined by applying a factor to the static hookload (Hstat) as given
in the following equations:
Fh = fh * Hstat design load in a horizontal direction in line with lift object engagement
FV = fV * Hstat design load in a vertical direction
FL = fL * Hstat design load in a horizontal direction perpendicular to lift object engagement
where:
Hstat = static hookload (from Section 5.2.1)
fh, fv & fL are design load factors for common types of primary guidance systems and are given in
Table 5.2-1.
The design loads shall be considered as point loads that can act at any point on the contact surfaces of
the guidance system components.
Primary Guidance System for offshore lifts Design Load Factor Concept in
Type
onto a Fixed Structure: fh fv fL Attachment 2

Vertical guide and horizontal bumper 0.10 0.01 0.05 A2.1
Vertical cow-horn guide and horizontal bumper 0.10 0.10 0.05 A2.2
I Horizontal cow-horn bumper and vertical guide 0.10 0.01 0.10 A2.3
Horizontal L-shape bumper and cow-horn guide 0.10 0.10 0.10 A2.4
Horizontal U-bumper bumper and vertical guide 0.10 0.01 0.05 A2.5
II Pin and Bucket 0.10 0.10 n/a A2.6
III Stabbing cone (load applied to stabbing zone) 0.05 0.10 n/a A2.7
Table 5.2-1 Design Load Factors for Primary Guidance Systems
Page 18 of 68

1) Refer to Attachment 2 for loading diagrams for the guidance system concepts.
2) For inshore lifts, the load factors can be reduced to 50% of the values given in the Table.
3) For lift-off from an existing fixed structure at an offshore location or lifts onto / from a HLV’s own
deck, the design load factors can be reduced to 50% of the values given in the Table.
4) Secondary and tertiary guidance systems can be designed for horizontal loads equivalent to 50% of
the design loads for a primary system of the same type.
5) For design of guidance systems for offshore lifts onto / from a floating structure, the factors in the
Table shall be used.
6) For lifts onto / from a quayside, the design load factors for guidance systems located on the quayside
shall be:-
fh = fL = 0.03 and fv = 0.05.
Design loads Fh, Fv, FL and their direction of application shall be combined to establish the worst design
case. As a minimum, the load combinations given in Table 5.2-2 shall be used.
Design Load Combination

Type
Guidance System
1 2
Vertical guide and horizontal bumper Fh + Fv + FL -
Vertical cow-horn guide and horizontal bumper Fh + Fv FL + Fv
I Horizontal cow-horn bumper and vertical guide Fh + Fv FL + Fv
Horizontal L-shape bumper and cow-horn guide Fh + Fv FL + Fv
Horizontal U-bumper bumper and vertical guide Fh + Fv + FL -
II Pin and Bucket Fh + Fv -
III Stabbing cone (load applied to stabbing zone) Fh + Fv -
Table 5.2-2 Design Load Combinations for Guidance Systems
Placement loads on guiding system

Placement loads occur during final settling of the lift object in the guiding system and act on the
guiding system support zone. The magnitude of the placement loads depend on the horizontal
clearance in the guiding system and the fabrication tolerances and result in two different approaches
to placement zone loads.
1. The horizontal clearance in the guiding system is larger than the total fabrication tolerance.
Once one leg / row is set down, the friction needs to be overcome to be able to place the lift
objet into its final position. This situation gives different requirements for single crane lift
systems compared to dual crane lift systems.
Page 19 of 68
In a single crane lift system the lowest support will touch first and only a relative small force
is required at this support to compensate tilt (thus also small friction has to be overcome).
For dual crane lift system, where on crane can be set down before the other (one crane is slack
while the other still carries 100% of its hookload) placement loads need to be considered.
The horizontal placement load can be calculated by the maximum static hookload times the
friction coefficient (0.20 for steel to steel is advised). In this case the vertical placementload
results from the horizontal placement load and the slope of the contact area (ref Figure 5.2-2).
In case of a vertical contact area the vertical placement load is solely caused by friction (ref
Figure 5.2-4).
2. This situation occurs when the horizontal clearance is smaller than the fabrication tolerances.
This situation should be avoided if possible because it can happen that the lift object will not
lower into its final supports but will hang-up on its guides. The placement loads can be
calculated by distributing 100% of the lift object design weight (Wdes), proportional to the
distance from the CoG, over any of the two diagonally opposite supports (ref. Figure 5.2-3).
For long slender structures (such as bridges), the vertical placement load can be taken as 1.2
times the individual support reaction. Where the support reaction is the design weight
(Wdes), statically distributed over all supports for the most onerous CoG position.
In both cases an intermediate equilibrium could exist before the final position. It should be checked
whether the static gravitational load is large enough to achieve final position.
Placement loads on Stabbing Cones
Figure 5.2-2 Example placement loads – cone interface with clearance > tolerance.
Where:
Fv,1 = Vertical reaction on one leg / row of legs
Fh = Fv,1 * μ = Horizontal placement load
μ = Friction coefficient
Fv,2 = = Vertical placement load
Page 20 of 68
Figure 5.2-3 Example placement loads – cone interface with clearance < tolerance.
Where:
Fv = Vertical reaction on one leg / row of legs
H = = Horizontal placement load
The above formula for the horizontal force assumes an infinitely stiff cone to support interface.
Taking into account the deformation of the stabbing cone and support may lead to smaller horizontal
forces for both cases described above. This has to be determined by an assessment of the lift object and
support flexibility. The contact area shall be assumed approximately as a quarter of the cone
circumference, depending on the cone / support structural details.
Support zone loads Fv and H or Fv1, Fv2 and Fh respectively shall be combined to the most onerous
design case.
Figure 5.3-4 Example placement loads – flat interface.
Page 21 of 68
Support Zone
The support zone is the area over which the placement load could occur. The support zone can be
determined based on the geometry of the System. When the support zone is determined by the tilt of
the lift object, the rotation specified in sect 4.1 applies.
Protection Loads
Design loads for protection systems can be obtained from Section 5.2.2 using the vertical guide and
horizontal bumper design load factors from Table 5.2-1. For lift object with a Design Weight, Wdes >
8000 mT, the horizontal design load (Fh) may be distributed equally over two protection bumpers,
provided the horizontal clearance between the opposing bumpers is greater than 500 mm, when the lift
object is in position above the set-down location.
For application of the design loads, refer to the vertical guide and horizontal bumper concept in
Attachment A2.1.
Page 22 of 68
Allowable Stresses
The allowable stresses for the design of guidance system components and connections to the lift object
permanent structure shall be in accordance with the design codes, AISC [Ref. 3] and API [Ref. 4].
Alternative design specifications required by clients are acceptable, provided the equivalent stress
criteria are not less than the values set out below.
The allowable stresses defined as a factor of the material yield stress (σy) are:-
σt (tension) ≤ 0.60 * σy
σn (compression) ≤ 0.60 * σy
σb (bending) ≤ 0.66 * σy
τs (shear) ≤ 0.40 * σy (see note 3)
σbr (bearing) ≤ 0.90 * σy
σc (combined) ≤ 0.66 * σy (see note 4)
σa (buckling) ≤ allowable stresses in accordance with AISC [Ref. 3].
Notes:
1) For guidance system components that attribute none of their strength either to the lift object
permanent structure or the existing permanent structure, a 1/3rd increase in the allowable stresses
can be applied.
2) Allowable stresses shall be used for design of the following:
a) guidance system components that attribute part or all of their strength to the permanent
steelwork of either the lift object or the existing structure;
b) guidance system connections to the permanent steelwork of either the lift object or the existing
structure.
3) Allowable shear stress is based on the average shear stress across the section.
4) For determination of combined stress, the Von Mises formula shall be used. For three dimensional
stress combinations the formula is:-
Von Mises stress, σc = (σ 2

x (
+ σ y2 + σ z2 − σ x ∗ σ y − σ x * σ z − σ y * σ z + 3 ∗ τ x2 + τ y2 + τ z2 ))
where:
σx, σy and σz are the sum of the axial and bending stresses in the x, y and z directions respectively
and τ is the shear stress in x, y and z directions.
Guidance System Material & Welding Specifications

In the absence of client specifications, the materials and welding requirements used for the construction
of guidance systems and their attachments should be in accordance with HMC Specification 001 [Ref.
5].
Page 23 of 68
6 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS & RECOMMENDATIONS

The following general requirements and recommendations shall be considered in the design of guidance
systems in conjunction with specific requirements given in the preceding Sections.
1. Throughout the design process of a guidance system, the following requirements should always be
maintained:
• Consistency of the design with the concept and / or lift procedure (e.g. direction and orientation
of lift object approach to the guidance system, lift object manoeuvring after initial engagement);
• Required minimum clearances between the lift object and the existing structure during the lift
operation.
2. The following considerations should be taken into account when determining the locations for
guidance system components:
• Primary guidance components at main grid positions for foundation strength purposes;
• Guidance components fixed onto an incoming lift object (e.g. bumpers) should be sited at the
lowest elevation on the structure, to provide protection to the lift object from unintentional
contact with the guidance components on the existing structure;
• For guide and bumper systems, movements of an incoming lift object should initially be
constrained in one direction only, with no more than two primary guides, prior to manoeuvring
it to engage additional primary guides;
• Guidance systems shall not be supported from a lift object lift point or lift point support
structure;
• Guidance system contact zones should be clearly observable from a safe location, which could
be from a temporary viewing platform when no permanent structure is available.
3. The stiffness of guidance system members should be as low as possible so that they may deflect
without yielding. Where possible, it is advisable to transfer loads by means of shear and
compression.
4. The purpose of a guidance system is to aid direction and location of a lift object, the design should
allow components that can be in contact to freely slide over each other. Ledges and sharp corners
shall be avoided on areas of possible contact and weld beads ground flush.
5. The use of common member sections throughout a guidance system assists the ordering of materials
and promotes standardised fabrication details. Where possible mixing member sections and adding
numerous stiffener plates should be avoided.
6. Use of the minimum number of members and welds should result in simplified fabrication, quality
control and non-destructive testing.
7. Guidance system connections to the permanent steelwork of the lift object / existing structure should
be designed such that the connections would fail, prior to causing permanent deformation to any
part of the permanent structure. Where guidance system components are part of the lift object
permanent material, any deflections of these members, due to the guidance operation, must be
within the elastic limit of the material.
8. The supports and connections of individual guidance system components (e.g. a guide or bumper)
shall be at least as strong as the component itself.
Page 24 of 68
9. For lifts onto moored barges, the guidance system shall be arranged to ensure the reactions to
guidance loads are not transferred to the barge mooring lines.
10. For installing items onto floating structures with low sway stiffness, the initial engagement into the
guidance system should be by lowering and not by moving horizontally.
11. Dimensional survey(s) of the as-installed guidance system components onto the lift object / existing
structure etc. shall be performed and the survey results used to confirm the correct fit-up and
clearance gaps of the component interfaces.
12. Guidance system components such as guides / bumpers and pins / buckets should be painted in a
colour to aid identification / observation, such as yellow or white that is in contrast to the colour of
the surrounding permanent structure.
13. Where possible, guidance system components should be designed as lift object permanent structure
in order to avoid preparation requirements for removal and the time required for removing them
offshore.
14. The design of temporary guidance system components and connections should take account of
requirements for their removal after use, such as:
• Adequate space for access to release components from permanent structure;
• Clear space above component for lifting and removal;
• Provision of padeyes and removal slings on large guidance system structures, where access to
create a lift point would be difficult;
• Weld connections to permanent structure should be by fillet welds and not full penetration
welds, wherever possible;
• All removal cut-lines to be marked in water resistant paint that is clearly visible against the base
coating of the item to be removed;
• Items to be removed should remain restrained and stable during and after cutting. A temporary
support system may be necessary to achieve this;
• When temporary access for removal is required, this should be pre-installed in the fabrication
yard, whenever possible.
Note:
Where special provisions are made for removal of guidance system components, these provisions
shall not reduce the minimum clearance requirements given in Section 4.2.
Page 25 of 68
7 ATTACHMENTS
Attachment 3 - Concept for ‘Hang-off’ Modules
Page 26 of 68
Bumper Generally, a steel tubular structure attached to a lift object which, during
the lift operation, provides a pre-defined contact point with a guide,
mounted on an existing structure.
Centre of Gravity The centre point of the total mass of the lift object based on the dry weight.
(CoG) Refer to SC-201 or SC-211.
Centre of Gravity Envelope An area in which the CoG must be positioned for a safe lift operation. The
boundaries of that area are defined by the governing criteria for the
particular lift system. The CoG envelope is drawn in relation to the plan
location of the lift points of the lift object. Refer to SC-201 or SC-211.
Design Weight The Dry Weight including weight and CoG contingencies. Refer to SC-
( Wdes ) 201 or SC-211.
Existing structure A structure that is in place and provides a foundation for a lift object that
will be either lifted onto it (installed) or lifted from it (removed) by a
heavy lift operation.
Fixed structure A structure that is rigidly connected to the seabed by a steel or concrete
substructure or by other means.
Floating structure A structure, other than a HLV that is supported by buoyancy, such as:
cargo barge, heavy transport vessel, tension leg platform, floating
production unit etc., which provides a foundation for a lift object that will
be either lifted onto it (installed) or lifted from it (removed) by a heavy
lift operation. Smaller vessels such as supply boats or tugs that have
higher motion responses should be assessed on a case-by-case basis.
Guide Generally, a steel tubular structure attached to an existing structure which,
during the lift operation, provides a pre-defined contact point with a
bumper, mounted on the lift object.
Guidance System An arrangement of structural steel components (generally tubular), that
provides constraint to horizontal movements of a lift object when
suspended in the crane(s), thus maintaining clear space between the lift
object and adjacent items on the existing structure. Also, where necessary,
to achieve set-down of a lift object within required placement tolerances.
Hang-off Module A Module that is installed onto the side of an existing Topsides and is
supported by direct connections to the side of the Topsides, instead of
supports on the underside of the Module.
Heavy Lift Vessel In the context of this document, a heavy lift vessel refers to any crane
(HLV) vessel in the HMC fleet.
Jacket The steel lattice substructure of an offshore platform.
Attachments
Lift Object A structure that is to be lifted using a crane vessel. Generally a structure
such as a Topsides, (integrated) Deck, Module, Module support frame and
also a Jacket or subsea template, provided the lift-off and / or placement
is in air, i.e. not submerged or partly submerged in water.
Primary System Part of a guidance system that provides initial constraint to horizontal
movements of a lift object as it is manoeuvred in the crane(s) above the
set-down area. A primary system provides either full or partial constraint
to lift object movements in a horizontal direction and plan rotation that is
sufficient for subsequent engagement into a secondary system.
Protection System Generally an arrangement of tubular steel bumpers or half-tubular rubbing
strips, which protect items of equipment, piping etc. from possible contact
with a lift object (suspended in the cranes), prior to its engagement into a
guidance system.
Secondary System Part of a guidance system that provides further horizontal constraint to a
lift object as it is lowered towards the set-down elevation, such that
horizontal movements and plan rotation are limited to within the required
placement tolerances.
shall In the context of this document, the term “shall” means the
criterion/action is mandatory, i.e. a requirement.
Shim A steel plate or section designed to adjust (reduce) the gap between a
guide and bumper to the required set-down tolerance.
should In the context of this document, the term “should” means the
criterion/action is preferred but not mandatory, i.e. alternatives are
permitted.
Tertiary System An optional arrangement of generally steel shims that can be used to
provide the minimum placement tolerances, in instances where this
cannot be readily achieved with the secondary guidance system.
Tilt Tilt is the term used to describe the deviation from horizontal of a lift
object when it is freely suspended from a crane hook or hooks.
Topsides Part of an offshore platform above water, which can be lifted and in the
context of this document is synonymous with e.g. integrated Deck, Deck,
Module or support frame.
Attachments
Attachment Guidance System Description

No.
A2.1 Vertical guide and horizontal bumper
A2.2 Vertical cow-horn guide and horizontal bumper
A2.3 Horizontal cow-horn bumper and vertical guide
A2.4 Horizontal L-shape bumper and cow-horn guide
A2.5 Horizontal U-bumper bumper and vertical guide
A2.6 Pin and Bucket
A2.7 Stabbing cone
A2.8 Tertiary Guidance Systems
A2.0 General Notes

1) The following concepts are based on a Topsides installation scenario; however, the concepts for
primary guidance systems can be adapted to a Topsides removal operation.
2) The figures of guidance system concepts have, where necessary, been intentionally expanded for
clarity of dimensioning.
3) All concept dimensions are in metres unless noted otherwise.
4) Figures of example guidance system arrangements are intended to illustrate the application of a
particular guidance system type and are not necessarily optimised.
5) Dimensions of primary and secondary guide concepts are to a common ‘reference elevation’ that is
generally, the highest elevation of objects within the set-down area on the Existing Structure,
excluding the height of secondary guides. Overall heights of guides can be determined by adding
the height from the guide support elevation to the reference elevation.
6) Minimum dimensions should be applied unless project specific requirements are governing.
7) The key to colour coding in all figures u.n.o. is:-
Guidance system component mounted on the existing structure
Guidance system component mounted on the incoming Topsides
Topsides that is being lifted
Existing structure
Attachments
A2.1 Vertical Guide and Horizontal Bumper System

Arrangement and Load Application:
Vertical Guide Horizontal
(on existing Bumper
Incoming Topsides
structure)
Fv (suspended in crane)
1. Engage
Fh ELEVATION
2. Lower
Fh
Fv
Design Load
Combinations:
Fh + Fv + FL
Fh
Incoming
Topsides PLAN
Fh
FL
FL
Figure A2.1-1 Vertical Guide & Horizontal Bumper - Arrangement & Load Application
Figure A2.1-1 outlines a primary vertical guide, mounted on an existing structure, and a primary
horizontal bumper, mounted on the incoming Topsides. This type of guide and bumper arrangement
provides horizontal guidance in one direction only and is generally used for the initial engagement of a
Topsides into the guidance system.
The application of the design loads is indicated in the above figure. The design loads shall be considered
as point loads that can act at any point on the contact surfaces of the guide and bumper. Due to Topsides
movements, design loads Fv and FL can act in the opposite direction to that indicated in the above figure
and the effects of this shall be accounted for when determining the worst case design load combinations.
Refer to Section 5.2 for the design loads.
Dimensions:
Vertical Guide Height
The minimum height of a primary vertical guide (GHP) should be sufficient to fulfil the following
conditions:
• Accommodate Topsides movements given in Section 4.1, without the Topsides contacting the top
of a secondary guide - see Figure A2.1-2 overleaf and;
• When a Topsides is at the initial engagement elevation and in normal lift attitude (zero tilt), its
Vcp2, above secondary guides (where present) on the existing structure - see Figure A2.1-3 overleaf.
Attachments
A2.1 cont.d
Horizontal Bumper Elevation of the lowest

point on the Incoming
Vertical
Topsides
Guide 2 * Tver
Incoming Topsides
(suspended in crane) Top of Secondary Guide
hbu
Reference elevation
GHP1 >0
see General note 5) in A2.0
htilt Rhor GHS
Existing Structure ELEVATION
Figure A2.1-2 Primary Vertical Guide Height (1)
Elevation for initial Elevation of the

engagement Incoming Topsides lowest point on the
Tver (suspended in crane(s) Incoming Topsides
At normal lift attitude
(zero % tilt) Vcp2 Top of Secondary Guide
GHP2 /
GHP3 hbu Reference elevation
Vcp1
GHS see General note 5) in A2.0
Existing Structure ELEVATION
Figure A2.1-3 Primary Vertical Guide Height (2)
The minimum height of a vertical guide (GHP) can be determined from the following equation:
Primary Guide minimum height, GHP = max (GHP1 , GHP2 , GHP3)
where:
GHP = Minimum height of a primary guide above the reference elevation – see A2.0, note 5)
GHP1 = 2 * Tver + hbu + htilt + GHS
GHP2 = Tver + hbu + Vcp1
GHP3 = Tver + hbu + Vcp2 + GHS
Tver = Vertical translation (refer to Table 4.1-1)
hbu = Height of the centreline of the bumper above the underside of the Topsides.
htilt = Difference in the highest and lowest points on the underside of the Topsides
when it is rotated by Rhor (refer to Table 4.1-1 and associated note 3)
Vcp1 = Minimum clearance between the lowest point on the underside of the Topsides and
objects on the existing structure within the installation area (refer to Table 4.2-1)
highest point of a secondary guide (refer to Table 4.2-1)
GHS = Height of secondary guide above the reference elevation
Attachments
A2.1 cont.d
Primary Horizontal Bumper Length
The minimum length of a primary bumper (BLP) can vary depending on the installation procedure. For
a basic procedure of engagement onto the primary guides, then lowering of the Topsides, the standard
bumper length is equally spaced about the centreline of the guide as indicated in Figure A2.1-4 (left).
When it is required to translate the Topsides, after initial alignment, the bumper is extended and offset
to the centreline of the guide post, as indicated in Figure A2.1-4 (right - see also the primary bumpers
#1 and #2 in Figure A2.1-5).
Horizontal
Bumper
Incoming
Topsides
Horizontal
Incoming
Movement
Topsides
BLP
Thor
BLP
Thor
Thor/3
Centreline Vertical
Guide
PLAN ON STANDARD PLAN ON EXTENDEDD

BUMPER BUMPER
(at final position)
Figure A2.1-4 Primary Horizontal Bumper Lengths
The minimum length of a primary bumper can be determined using the equation below.
Primary Bumper minimum length (BLP) = 2 * Thor + tol

where:
BLP = Minimum required length of primary bumper
Thor = Horizontal translation (refer to Table 4.1-1)
tol = Optional length for horizontal translation of a Topsides after initial
alignment with the primary guides
= 1.5 m for a typical second stage primary engagement for 3 m translation
Attachments
A2.1 cont.d
Locations and provisions:
1. Figure A2.1-5 indicates typical locations for three vertical primary guides, mounted on the existing
structure, with horizontal bumpers attached to the incoming Topsides. This provides primary
guidance/protection in two directions, firstly by guides at locations #1 and #2 and secondly by the
guide at position #3. This primary system is shown combined with three cow-horn type secondary
guides (refer to Attachment A2.2) which provides guidance in the two opposite directions, thus
giving full plan guidance of the Topsides prior to set-down. Note; at positions #1 and #2, the
primary bumpers are extended to the right-hand side, to allow for initial engagement whilst
maintaining adequate clearance to the primary guide at position #3.
Primary Primary
A Topsides in
G&B #1 G&B #2
Set-down Position
Gridline on Existing
Structure (typ)
1. Engage
G&B #1 & #2
2. Engage
Secondary G&B #3 Primary
G&B G&B #3
Topsides before
Secondary Secondary engaging G&B
G&B G&B System
A
PLAN
Topsides after
engaging G&B System
3. Lower Area of Existing

& Engage structure where
Secondary Primary
protection may be
System G&B #1
necessary
Elevation of Topsides
Secondary Supports on the
G&B Existing Structure
SECTION A - A
Figure A2.1-5 Example Vertical Guide & Horizontal Bumper System
Attachments
A2.1 cont.d
2. When using vertical guides mounted on a barge, consideration should be given to the clearance
between the top of the guide and the Topsides due to the combination of barge motions and lift
object tilt. To ensure sufficient clearance to the top of the guide, it should be inclined by 10° from
perpendicular to barge deck as indicated in Figure A2.1-6.
Guide Inclination to
barge deck = 10º
Guide
(mounted on
barge deck) Topsides
(suspended in Barge deck
the crane)
Figure A2.1-6 Vertical Guide
Inclination on a Barge deck
ELEVATION
3. A typical application for a protection system is in a clearance zone between two Topsides modules
located on a Jacket sub-structure, where the guidance system is stabbing cones locating into the top
of the Jacket legs as indicated in Figure A2.1-7. For this situation, a protection system should be
used when the minimum clear gap between the structures is 3 m or less. Bumper lengths should
accommodate the Topsides movements and required clearances as indicated in Figure A2.1-7. For
protection system design loads refer to Section 5.2 and to vertical guide and bumper dimensions for
details of variables Tver and for Vcp1.
Min. Clear Gap
Incoming Topsides
Tver
Stabbing Cone
(guidance system)
≥ Vcp1
Jacket
Existing Protection Bumper (horizontal)

Topsides
Module Protection Bumper (vertical)
ELEVATION
Figure A2.1-7 Example Protection Bumper System
Attachments
A2.2 Vertical Cow-horn Guide and Horizontal Bumper System

Horizontal Bumper
(refer to A2.1) Incoming Topsides
Fh
Lower ELEVATION
Fh
Cow-horn
Fv Design Load
Guide
(on existing Combinations:
structure) Fh + Fv
and
FL + Fv
Fh Incoming
Topsides PLAN
Fh
FL FL
Figure A2.2-1 Vertical Cow-horn Guide & Horizontal Bumper – Arrangement and Load Application
Figure A2.2-1 outlines a vertical cow-horn type guide, mounted on an existing structure and a horizontal
bumper, mounted on an incoming Topsides. This system may be used for primary or secondary
horizontal guidance in one direction only, during lowering of a Topsides.
The application of the design loads is indicated in the above figure. The design loads shall be considered
as point loads that can act at any point on the contact surfaces of the guide and bumper. When the
bumper is in contact with the vertical part of the guide, design loads Fv and F L can act in the opposite
direction to that indicated in the above figure. The effects of direction of loading shall be accounted for
when determining the worst case design load combinations. Refer to Section 5.2 for the design loads.
Dimensions:
Primary Cow-horn Guide Height
The minimum height of a primary cow-horn guide (GHP) should be sufficient to fulfil the following
conditions:
• Accommodate Topsides movements given in Section 4.1 without the Topsides contacting the top
Vcp2, above secondary guides (where present) on the existing structure - see Figure A2.2-3 overleaf
and optionally;
• Where protection on the existing structure or the lift object is required during the lift operation, the
top of the cow-horn should be above the highest elevation of the item required to be protected.
Attachments
A2.2 cont.d
Primary Bumper Elevation of the lowest

Topsides
2 * Tver
Incoming Topsides
Top of Secondary Guide
hbu (suspended in crane)
GHP hst
Reference elevation
>0
htilt Rhor GHS

Primary Existing ELEVATION
Cow-horn Structure
Guide
Figure A2.2-2 Primary Cow-horn Guide Height (1)
ΩP
Elevation of the
Incoming Topsides lowest point on the
(suspended in crane) Incoming Topsides
XP2 hbu At normal lift attitude
(zero % tilt) Top of Secondary Guide
Vcp2
GHP
XP1
Vcp1 Reference elevation
GHS see General note 5) in A2.0
Primary Existing ELEVATION

Cow-horn Structure
Guide
Figure A2.2-3 Primary Cow-horn Guide Height (2)
The minimum height of a primary cow-horn guide (GHP) can be determined from the equation below:
Cow-horn Primary Guide minimum Height, GHP = XP1 + XP2

& optionally, where protection is required, GHP ≥ hst
where:
GHP = Minimum height of a primary guide above the reference elevation – see A2.0, note 5)
XP1 = max [2 * Tver + hbu + htilt + GHS , hbu + Vcp1 , hbu + Vcp2 + GHS]
Thor
XP2 ≥
tan (Ω P )
ΩP = Angle of entry section of the guide to the vertical in the range of 30˚ ~ 45˚
(refer to Section 4.3.6)
Tver = Topsides vertical translation (refer to Table 4.1-1)
Thor = Topsides horizontal translation (refer to Table 4.1-1)
Attachments
A2.2 cont.d
htilt = Difference in the highest and lowest points on the underside of the Topsides when it
is rotated by Rhor (refer to Table 4.1-1 and associated note 3)
hbu = Height of the centreline of the bumper above the lowest elevation of the Topsides
(when horizontal, i.e. no tilt)
hst = Maximum height of objects adjacent to the Topsides set-down area that require
protection during the lift operation
GHS = Height of secondary guide above the reference elevation
Secondary Cow-horn Guide Height

Secondary cow-horn guide height should be sufficient to fulfil the following conditions:
• With the Topsides in normal lift attitude (zero tilt), the minimum height of a secondary cow-horn
guide (GHS) should be sufficient to accommodate Topsides vertical movement given in Section 4.1
without the Topsides contacting the supports – see Figure A2.2-4 and;
• With a Topsides rotated about a horizontal axis, given in Section 4.1, the vertical parts of the
secondary guides (XS1) should have sufficient height to allow all bumpers to be engaged, prior to
set-down onto the supports – see Figure A2.2-5.
Secondary Bumper
2 * Tver Elevation of the
Incoming Topsides Lowest Point on the
(suspended in crane) Incoming Topsides
GHS hbu At normal lift attitude
(zero % tilt) Reference elevation
>0 see General note 5) in A2.0
Secondary
Existing
Cow-horn
Structure ELEVATION
Guide
Figure A2.2-4 Secondary Cow-horn Guide Height (1)
Ωs Secondary Bumper
Elevation of the
XS2 Lowest Point on the
Incoming Topsides Incoming Topsides
GHS
>0 Reference elevation
XS1 see General note 5) in A2.0
Secondary htilt Rhor Existing

Cow-horn Structure ELEVATION
Guide
Figure A2.2-5 Secondary Cow-horn Guide Height (2)
Attachments
A2.2 cont.d
The minimum height of a secondary cow-horn (GHS) can be determined from the equation below:
Cow-horn Secondary Guide height, GHS = XS1 + XS2 ≥ 2 * Tver + hbu

where:
GHS = Minimum height of a secondary guide above reference elevation – see A2.0, note 5)
XS1 = Minimum height of vertical section of guide
≥ hbu + htilt
0.5 * Thor
XS2 ≥
tan (ΩS )
ΩS = Angle of entry section of the guide to the vertical in the range of 30˚ ~ 45˚
For definition of other variables, refer to the primary cow-horn guide equation.
Horizontal Bumper Length Secondary

Horizontal
For primary horizontal bumper length (BLP), refer to A2.1. Bumper
Incoming
Secondary bumper length (BLS) should be equally Topsides
spaced either side of the centreline of the secondary =

guide post as indicated in Figure A2.2-6. BLS
=
Figure A2.2-6 Secondary Horizontal Bumper Length
Centreline Secondary
Guide Post
The minimum length of a secondary bumper (BLS) can be determined from the equation below:
Secondary Horizontal Bumper minimum Length (BLS) = Thor ≥ 0.5 m

where:
BLS = Minimum required length of secondary bumper
Thor = Topsides horizontal translation (refer to Table 4.1-1).
Locations and Provisions:

1. Secondary cow-horn guides are generally used in conjunction with a primary vertical guide and
horizontal bumper system indicated in Figure A2.1-5.
2. Where a Topsides has to be installed between existing structures with limited clearances; a set of
four primary cow-horn guide posts, arranged in two pairs to engage on opposite faces of a Topsides,
can be used. If the existing structure is also present at one end, a fifth primary guide can also be
used, as indicated in Figure A2.2-7 overleaf. This enables a Topsides to be lowered into position,
whilst providing protection to the Topsides and adjacent objects / structures. The cow-horns provide
the initial ‘capture’ of a Topsides as it is lowered into the guide system, with final positioning
provided by a secondary cow-horn guide on the left-hand side of the Topsides.
Attachments
A2.2 cont.d
A A
Primary Primary Topsides in
G&B G&B Set-down
Position
Gridline on
Existing
Structure (typ)
Secondary
G&B
Primary
G&B
Primary Primary
G&B G&B
A A PLAN
1. Lower
Primary Area of Existing structure
Primary
G&B where clearance is
G&B
insufficient & protection is
necessary
Supports on the
Existing Structure
SECTION A - A
Figure A2.2-7 Example Cow-horn Guide & Horizontal Bumper System
Attachments
A2.3 Horizontal Cow-horn Bumper and Vertical Guide System

Vertical Guide
Cow-horn Bumper
(on existing structure)
Incoming Topsides
1. Engage
Fh
2. Lower ELEVATION
Fh
Fv
Design Load
Combinations:
Fh + Fv
and
FL Fh FL + Fv
Incoming
Fh Topsides
FL
PLAN
Vertical Guide
(fully engaged in the Cow-horn)
Figure A2.3-1 Cow-horn Bumper – Arrangement & Load Application
A cow-horn type bumper, indicated above can be used in a primary or secondary system. Cow-horn
bumpers are generally arranged in pairs, in combination with vertical guides (refer to A2.1) to provide
horizontal constraint to Topsides movements in two directions when fully engaged.
The application of the design loads is indicated in Figure A2.3-1. The design loads shall be considered
as point loads that can act at any point on the contact surfaces of the guide and bumper. Design load Fv
can act in the opposite direction to that indicated in the above figure. The effects of direction of loading
shall be accounted for when determining the worst case design load combinations. Refer to Section 5.2
for the design loads.
Dimensions:
Primary Cow-horn Bumper Length
The minimum length of a primary cow-horn bumper (BLP) shall be sufficient to enable the incoming
Topsides, with movements given in Section 4.1, to be ‘captured’ within the guide and bumper system.
Cow-horn bumper length dimensions are indicated in Figure A2.3-2 overleaf.
Attachments
A2.3 cont.d
Primary Cow-horn Bumper
BLP
x
Vertical Guide
(on existing structure -
BLP
refer to A2.1) Incoming Lbb
Topsides
PLAN
Figure A2.3-2 Cow-horn Bumper – Dimensions
The minimum length of a primary cow-horn bumper (BLP) can be determined from the equation
below:
w
Primary Cow-horn Bumper minimum length (BLP) = x +
tan (Ω )
where:
BLP = Minimum required length of a primary bumper
w = Thor
x ≥ Lbb * Rver
Rver = Topsides rotation about a vertical axis (refer to Table 4.1-1)
Lbb = Length between inside of the pair of bumpers
Ω = Angle of the entry section of the bumper in the range of 20˚ ~ 30˚
Primary Vertical guide Height

The vertical guide height (GHP) shall be sufficient to take into account the Topside movements,
measured from the tip of the bumper. Refer to A2.1 for the equations to determine GHP.
Attachments
A2.3 cont.d
1. When two cow-horn bumpers are used as indicated in Fig. A2.3-.2, they should always be located
to the outside of the guide posts to avoid risk of jamming.
2. Cow-horn bumpers are generally used in conjunction with a vertical guide primary system. An
example of this type of system is illustrated in Figure A2.3-3. When the primary system is engaged,
this provides constraint to Topsides horizontal movements in three directions, prior to lowering to
engage the secondary system. The primary system is combined with two cow-horn type secondary
guides (refer to A2.2), to fully guide the Topside into position for set-down.
3. Available clear space on the existing structure should be considered when using primary cow-horn
bumpers as the bumper extends beyond the bearing face of the vertical guide as indicated in Figure
A2.3-4 overleaf. When determining the elevation of the bumper, the vertical clearance between the
tip of the bumper and the existing structure shall be taken into account, including the effect of
Topsides tilt.
Primary Cow-horn A Area of Existing

Bumper & Vertical Guide structure where
protection may be
necessary
Topsides in
Set-down
Position
1. Engage Gridline on Existing

Primary Structure (typ)
G&B’s
Topsides before
engaging G & B
Secondary Secondary
System
G&B G&B
A PLAN
2. Lower
Supports on the
Existing Structure
Secondary
G&B
SECTION A - A
Figure A2.3-3 Example Primary Cow-horn Bumper & Vertical Guide System
Attachments
A2.3 cont.d
Clearance Zone extends vertically above top of guide to

allow for positioning and lowering of the Topsides
Cow-horn Bumper
(fully engaged with guide)
Incoming
Bumper to be Topsides Elevation or
Clear of the Supports on the
Existing Structure Existing
Structure
Rhor
Topsides in contact with
Supports on the Existing
Structure ELEVATION
Clearance Zone required

on Existing Structure for
the Cow-horn Bumper
Incoming
Topsides
PLAN
Figure A2.3-4 Cow-horn Primary Bumper – Clearances to Existing Structure
Attachments
A2.4 L-shape Bumper and Cow-horn Guide System

L-Shape Bumper
Fv Incoming Topsides
Fh (suspended in crane)
Lower
Cow-horn FL
guide Fh
(on existing ELEVATION
structure)
Fv Fv
Design Load
Combinations:
Fh + Fv
and
FL + Fv
Incoming
Topsides
FL
FL
Fh Fh
Cow-horn guide
when fully engaged PLAN
Figure A2.4-1 L-Shape Bumper – Arrangement & Load Application
An L-shape type bumper, indicated above, can be used in a primary or secondary system. L-shape
bumpers are generally combined with cow-horn guides (refer to A2.2) to provide horizontal constraint
to Topsides movements in two directions when fully engaged by lowering the Topsides. This principle
can also be applied in final positioning of a Topsides when it is engaged into a vertical guide system –
see Figure 2.4-3.
as point loads that can act at any point on the contact surfaces of the guide and bumper. Design loads
Fv can act in the opposite direction to that indicated in the above figure when the bumper is engaged on
the vertical part of the guide and in this case, Fv can be reduced to friction load only. The effects of
direction of loading shall be accounted for when determining the worst case design load combinations.
Refer to Section 5.2 for the design loads.
Attachments
A2.4 cont.d
Dimensions:
L-shape primary bumper length:
The minimum length of an L-shape primary bumper (BLP) shall be sufficient to enable the incoming
Topsides, with movements as per Table 4.1-1, to be ‘captured’ within the guide and bumper system. L-
shape bumper length dimensions are indicated in Figure A2.4-2.
L-shape primary bumper length and associated guide height shall take into account the clearance
requirements as indicated for cow-horn bumpers in Figure A2.3-4.
BLP / BLS
Incoming
BLP / BLS Topsides
PLAN
L-Shape Bumper
45˚ Cow-horn Guide
(on existing structure – refer to A2.2)
Figure A2.4-2 L-shape Bumper – Dimensions
The minimum length of a primary L-shape bumper (BLP) can be determined from the equation below:
Primary L-shape Bumper length (BLP) = 2 * Thor

where:
BLP = Minimum required length of a primary bumper.
L-shape Secondary bumper length

The minimum length of an L-shape secondary bumper (BLS) can be determined from the equation
below:
L-shape Secondary Bumper minimum length (BLS) = Thor

where:
BLS = Minimum required length of a secondary bumper.
Cow-horn Guide Height

Refer to A2.2 for the required minimum heights of the cow-horn primary and secondary guides.
Attachments
A2.4 cont.d
1. Available clear space on the existing structure should be considered when using primary L-shape
bumpers as the bumper extends beyond the bearing face of the vertical part of the guide. Also, when
determining the elevation of the bumper on the Topsides, the vertical clearance between the tip of
the bumper and the existing structure shall be taken into account, including the effect of Topsides
tilt. See similar arrangement as the cow-horn bumper in Figure A2.3-4.
2. L-shape bumpers are generally used in conjunction with a cow-horn guide aligned at 45˚ the axes
of the bumpers. An example of an L-shape secondary bumper is illustrated in Figure A2.4-3 below.
In this guide and bumper system, the L-shape secondary bumper provides constraint to motions in
two directions, thus avoiding the need for a third secondary guide.
3. An L-shape bumper can also be used in conjunction with vertical primary guide when a lift object
has to be rotated into position as indicated in in Figure A2.6-8.
Primary Primary
G&B #1 A G&B #2 Topsides in
Set-down
Position
Structure (typ)
1. Engage Topsides before

G&B #1 & #2 engaging G & B
System
2. Engage
G&B #3 Primary
G&B #3
Secondary Secondary
L-Shape G&B
Bumper
& Cow-horn PLAN
Guide A
3. Lower & Engage Area of Existing

Secondary System structure where
Primary
protection may be
G&B 1
necessary
Supports on the
Existing Structure
SECTION A - A
Figure A2.4-3 Example L-shape Secondary Bumper & Cow-horn Guide System
Attachments
A2.5 U-shape Bumper and Vertical Guide System

Arrangement and Load Application
Secondary U-Shape Bumper
Vertical Guide
(on Existing
Structure) Fv
Incoming Topsides
Fh (suspended in crane)
ELEVATION
Fh
Fv
Design Load
Combinations:
Fh + Fv + FL
1. Engage primary Bumper

FL Incoming
Topsides 2. Engage secondary U- Bumper
Fh Fh 3. Lower
FL Primary Bumper PLAN
Figure A2.5-1 U-Shape Bumper – Arrangement & Load Application
A U-shape type bumper, indicated above, is mainly used as a combined primary and secondary guidance
system, where there are limitations on fitting of guidance system components e.g. bridges. U-shape
bumpers are generally combined with vertical guides (refer to A2.1) to provide horizontal constraint to
Topsides movements in three horizontal directions when fully engaged.
The application of the design loads is indicated in Figure A2.5-1 for initial engagement. The design
loads shall be considered as point loads that can act at any point on the contact surfaces of the guide
and bumper. Design loads Fv and FL can act in the opposite directions to that indicated in the above
figure when the primary bumper is engaged on the guide. The effects of direction of loading shall be
accounted for when determining the worst case design load combinations. For engagement into the U-
bumper (Step 2), the design load, Fh may be considered as a secondary load. Refer to Section 5.2 for
the design loads.
Attachments
A2.5 cont.d
Dimensions:
U-shape primary bumper length
The minimum length of a U-shape primary bumper (BLP) shall be sufficient to enable the incoming
Topsides, with movements as per Table 4.1-1, to be ‘captured’ within the guide and bumper system.
U-shape bumper length dimensions are indicated in Figure A2.5-2.
u
Incoming
Topsides
BLP
w v
x
PLAN
Figure A2.5-2 U-shape Bumper – Dimensions
The minimum length of a primary U-shape bumper (BLP) can be determined from the equation below:
w
Primary U-shape Bumper minimum length (BLP) = x + + u
tan (Ω )
where:
BLP = Minimum required length of a primary bumper in metres
u ≥ Twice the diameter of the guide
v = Diameter of guide plus required clearances
w ≥ Thor (refer to Table 4.1-1)
x ≥ 2 * Thor (i.e. length in metres of the initial engagement section)
Ω = Angle of inclination, in the range of 30˚ ~ 45˚ (refer to Section 4.3.6)
Primary Vertical guide Height

Refer to A2.1 for the required minimum height for primary vertical guides.
Attachments
A2.5 cont.d
1. When determining the elevation of the bumper, the clearance between the tip of the bumper and the
existing structure shall be taken into account, including the effect of Topsides tilt.
2. U-shape bumpers are generally used in conjunction with a vertical guide for lifts where there is
limited space for fitting a guidance system. An example of a U-shape bumper arrangement is
illustrated in Figure A2.5-3. In this guide and bumper system, the U-shape bumpers provide
constraint in three directions, thus avoiding the need for additional secondary guides.
Topsides before
engaging G & B
System
Topsides in
1. Engage Set-down
Primary Position
G&B’s
Boundary of
Existing Structure
(below)
Secondary
G&B 2. Engage Gridline on Existing
U-Bumpers Structure (typ)
Primary Primary
G&B G&B
PLAN
3. Lower
Elevation of
Secondary Topsides Supports
G&B on the Existing
Structure
Primary Primary
G&B #1 G&B #2
ELEVATION
Figure A2.5-3 Example U-shape Bumper & Vertical Guide System
Attachments
A2.6 Pin and Bucket Guide System

Bucket Incoming Topsides

Lower
Fh ELEVATION
(On inside face of bucket)
Fv Design Load
Ccombination:
Fv Fh + Fv
Pin
(on existing structure) Fh (Fh can act in
any direction)
Figure A2.6-1 Pin & Bucket – Arrangement & Load Application
A Pin and Bucket guidance system, indicated above, can be used in a primary or secondary system and
can be combined with most other primary guidance systems. Pin and Bucket arrangements provide
horizontal constraint to Topsides movements in two directions when fully engaged by lowering the
Topsides.
as point loads that can act at any point on the contact surfaces of the pin and bucket. Design load, Fh,
can act on the pin and bucket in any direction within a horizontal plane. When the bucket is engaged on
the vertical part of the pin, Fv can be reduced to friction load only that acts either upwards or downwards.
The effects of direction of loading shall be accounted for when determining the worst case design load
combinations. Refer to Section 5.2 for the design loads.
Dimensions:
Primary Pin Height
The minimum height of a primary vertical guide pin (GHP) should be sufficient to fulfil the following
conditions:
• Accommodate Topsides movements given in Table 4.1-1, without the Topsides contacting the top
Vcp2, above secondary guides (where present) on the existing structure - see Figure A2.6-3 overleaf
and;
Where applicable, the top of the pin should be above the highest elevation of the item required to
be protected.
Attachments
A2.6 cont.d
Elevation of the lowest

Topsides
2 * Tver
Incoming Topsides Top of Secondary Guide
hbk (suspended in crane)
>0
Reference elevation
GHP hst see General note 5) in A2.0
Rhor
htilt GHS
Existing ELEVATION
Structure
Figure A2.6-2 Primary Pin Height (1)
Elevation of the lowest

Elevation for initial
Incoming Topsides point on the Incoming
engagement
(suspended in crane(s) Topsides
At normal lift attitude
(zero % tilt) Top of Secondary Guide
Tver
GHP2 / Reference elevation
GHP3 hst Vcp2 see General note 5) in A2.0
hbk Vcp1
GHS
Existing ELEVATION
Structure
Figure A2.6-3 Primary Pin Height (2)
The minimum height of a primary pin (GHP) can be determined from the following equation:
Primary Guide Pin minimum Height (GHP) = max (GHP1 , GHP2 , GHP3) ≥ hst
where:
GHP = Minimum height of a primary pin above the reference elevation – see A2.0, note 5)
GHP1 = 2 * Tver + hbk + htilt + GHS
GHP2 = Tver + hbk + Vcp1
GHP3 = Tver + hbk + Vcp2 + GHS
Tver = Topsides vertical translation (refer to Table 4.1-1)
htilt = Difference in elevation of the bucket straight section, when the Topsides is rotated by
Rhor % (i.e. Topsides tilt, refer to Table 4.1-1)
hbk = Height of the bucket straight section above the lowest elevation of the Topsides
hst = Maximum height of objects adjacent to the Topsides set-down area that require
protection during the lift operation
GHS = Height of secondary pin above the reference elevation
Attachments
A2.6 cont.d
Secondary Pin Height

Secondary pin height should be sufficient to fulfil the following conditions:
• With the Topsides in normal lift attitude (zero tilt), the height of a secondary guide pin (GHS) should
be sufficient to accommodate Topsides vertical movement given in Section 4.1 without the
Topsides contacting the supports – see Figure A2.6-4 and;
• With a Topsides rotated about a horizontal axis, given in Section 4.1, the vertical part of the
secondary guide (XS1) should have sufficient height to allow all bumpers to be engaged, prior to
set-down onto the supports – see Figure A2.6-5
Secondary Bucket Elevation of the

Incoming Topsides Lowest Point on the
2 * Tver Incoming Topsides
hbk At normal lift attitude
GHS (zero % tilt) Reference elevation
>0
Secondary Pin Existing Structure

ELEVATION
Figure A2.6-4 Secondary Pin Height (1)
Elevation of the
Lowest Point on the
Incoming Topsides Incoming Topsides
XS2
GHS >0 Reference elevation
XS1 see General note 5) in A2.0
htilt Rhor Existing

Structure ELEVATION
Figure A2.6-5 Secondary Pin Height (2)
The minimum height of a secondary guide Pin (GHS) can be determined from the equation below:
Secondary Guide Pin minimum Height (GHS) = XS1 + XS2 ≥ 2 * Tver + hbk
where:
GHS = Minimum height of a secondary pin above reference elevation – see A2.0, note 5)
XS1 = Minimum height of vertical section of pin
≥ hbk + htilt
XS2 = Height of a secondary pin cone
For definition of other variables, refer to the primary pin height equation above.
Attachments
A2.6 cont.d
Pin and Bucket Cone Dimensions
Bucket
Incoming Topsides
CTD (suspended in crane)
Vertical
Guide Pin
(on existing BD
structure)
Φ ELEVATION
Φ
Figure A2.6-6 Pin and Bucket Cone Dimensions
The required minimum cone dimensions are defined:-

Primary System:
BDP = Minimum inside diameter for a primary bucket
= CTDp + 2 * Thor
Secondary System:
BDS = Minimum inside diameter for a secondary bucket
= CTDs + 2 * (tmax + 0.1)
where:
CTDp = Primary Pin cone tip diameter (determined by structural assessment)
CTDs = Secondary Pin cone tip diameter (determined by structural assessment)
tmax = Topsides maximum single amplitude movement in a horizontal plane within the
constraints of the guidance system and not less than 0.5 m
Cone Slope:
Φ = Angle of slope to vertical in the range of 30˚ ~ 45˚, with the selected slope being
applied to the pin cone and the bucket cone (see also Section 4.3.6)
Locations and Provisions

1. Two sets of pins and buckets are generally required, positioned either in line or on diagonally
opposite.
2. Pin and bucket locations can be either outside the perimeter of the structure (external) or within the
structure (internal). However, for internal pin and bucket systems, all stages of the engagement are
required to be observable from a safe location.
3. Location of pin and bucket systems should take into account the following:
• Buckets should be sited at the lowest elevation on a Topsides structure in order to avoid risk of
damage to the Topsides from the pin;
• Topsides roof and floor overhang distance from the main structure perimeter.
Attachments
A2.6 cont.d
4. When extended (docking) pins are being used as primary guides together with a Topsides column
as the ‘bucket’, the effects of tilt in conjunction with fabrication tolerances shall be considered in
order to avoid the possibility of the jamming during lowering;
5. An example of a guidance system with a secondary pin and bucket mounted externally is indicated
in Figure A2.6-7 below. The secondary pin and bucket provides guidance in any horizontal
direction, thus an additional secondary guide on the left-hand end of the Topsides is not necessary.
Primary Primary
G&B A G&B Topsides in
Set-down
Position
Structure (typ)
1. Engage
Primary Topsides before
G&B’s engaging G & B
System
2. Engage
Bumper Primary
G&B
Secondary Secondary
Pin & Bucket G&B
PLAN
A
Area of Existing
3. Lower & Engage structure where
Secondary System Primary
protection may be
G&B 1
necessary
Secondary Supports on the
Pin & Bucket Existing Structure
SECTION A - A
Figure A2.6-7 Example External Pin & Bucket System
Attachments
A2.6 cont.d
6. For a bridge installation an internal pin and bucket system can be used, where the bucket is built
into the bridge lower chord structure. The pin and bucket may be utilised as part of the bridge
anchoring system after installation. An outline of this system is indicated in Figure A2.6-8, where
initial ‘capture’ of the bridge is via a primary L-shape bumper onto a vertical guide at position #1.
The bridge is then rotated clockwise, about the guide, to engage primary guide and bumper at
position #2. The bridge is then lowered to engage the internal bucket onto the pin mounted on the
existing structure. A secondary cow-horn guide at position #2 holds the opposite end of the bridge
in position.
Area of Existing structure where Bridge in Set-
protection may be necessary down Position
Secondary
Pin & Bucket
A A
Primary Guide
Primary Guide & & L-shaped
L-shaped Bumper #1
Bumper #2
Bridge prior to
& Seconday
engaging G & B
Cow Horn Guide
System
PLAN
Secondary
Pin & Bucket
Elevation of
Bridge Supports
on the Existing
Structure
SECTION A-A
Figure A2.6-8 Example Internal Pin & Bucket System for a Bridge Installation
Note:
A bridge would normally be installed with a prescribed tilt with bucket end low, such that the pin is
fully engaged in the bucket, prior to the bridge supports contacting on the existing structure. The
prescribed tilt shall be added to Rhor when determining the required primary guide height (GHP, ref A2.2)
at the opposite end to the pin and bucket.
Attachments
A2.7 Stabbing Cone System
Design Load Ccombination:

Topsides Fh + Fv
Column/Leg (Fh can act in any direction)
250 mm Support Zone
Stabbing
Cone Fh
Stabbing Zone
Topsides
Support Fv
Tubular
ELEVATION
Figure A2.7-1 Stabbing Cone – Arrangement & Load Application
A stabbing cone, indicated above, is a guide used for mating a Topsides column (leg) with a similar
sized tubular member forming part of the Topsides permanent support on an existing structure (see note).
When a stabbing cone is engaged, guidance in any horizontal direction is achieved. Stabbing cones can
be used either for primary or secondary guidance. Design loads Fh and Fv occur when the ‘stabbing
zone’ of the cone (indicated in Fig. A2.7-1) comes into contact with any point on the inside
circumferential edge of the tubular. Stabbing cones shall be designed for loads stated in Section 5.2,
applied at any point on the cone surface within in the ‘stabbing zone’. Stabbing cones shall also be
designed for placement loads which act on the ‘support zone’ as detailed in Section 5.2.3.
Note:
Tubular members that form the permanent support of a Topsides are generally one of the following:
• Jacket legs;
• Jacket leg piles;
• Module support columns;
• Topsides columns.
Attachments
A2.7 cont.d
Dimensions:
The annulus between the inside of the Topsides support tubular and the primary stabbing cone tip
shall be sufficient to accommodate expected horizontal motions during stabbing.
Clearance annulus
In case the stabbing point design loads are based on assumptions used in Figue 5.2-2, the Clearance
annulus needs to be:
SID – CBD ≥ fabrication tolerance centerline deck leg

+ fabrication tolerance centerline support
+ out of roundness of cone base diameter / 2
+ out of roundness of inner diameter of support / 2
- flexibility of deck and / or support leg under above mentioned design load
Primary Stabbing Cone Height

The minimum height of a primary stabbing cone (CHP) shall be sufficient to enable the incoming
Topsides, to be ‘captured’ within the tubular support system, without premature set-down on a support.
Primary stabbing cone height shall be sufficient to ensure that initial engagement shall be via both
primary stabbing cones.
The minimum heights for stabbing cones can be determined from the equation below:
Primary Stabbing Cone Minimum Height (CHP) = 2 * Tver

where:
CHP = Minimum required height of a primary stabbing cone
Tver = Vertical translation (refer to Table 4.1-1)
Secondary Stabbing Cone Height

The secondary cone height needs to be selected such that the secondary stabbing cone shall not engage
the support until after engagement of the primary cone taking into account the tilt of the lift object.
Attachments
A2.7 cont.d
Stabbing Cone Shape
Primary and secondary stabbing cone shape shall be in accordance with the requirements given in
Figure A2.7-2.
Topsides CBD
Column / Leg
Stabbing Cone
Secondary
CHS
Stabbing Cone
50 ~ 100 mm
ΦS
CHP
Primary
ΦP
OVERLAY OF PRIMARY &

CTD SECONDARY CONE SHAPES
Topsides
Support
Tubular
Clearance Clearance
Annulus ≥ HCLS SID Annulus ≥ HCLS
PARTIAL SECTION OF CONE
IN THE TUBULAR SUPPORT
Figure A2.7-2 Stabbing Cone - Shape Dimensions
CBD = Maximum cone base dimension

= SID – 2 * Hcls
SID = Support tubular inside diameter (see item 3 overleaf)
Hcls = Minimum allowable horizontal clearance from Section 4.2.2
CTD = Primary Cone tip diameter shall be kept to a minimum within structural and
fabrication constraints (see item 4 overleaf)
ΦP = Angle of primary cone slope in the range of 20˚ ~ 30˚ to the vertical
(see also Section 4.3.6)
ΦS = Angle of secondary cone slope > ΦP
Attachments
A2.7 cont.d
1. Stabbing cones are normally an integral part of the permanent structure, located at main grid
positions for strength purposes.
2. Two primary cones are always required, preferably located on diagonally opposite corner legs on
the underside of the Topsides (refer to Figure A2.7-3).
3. Primary supporting tubulars do not normally have an inside diameter (SID, Figure A2.7-2) greater
than 3 m, therefore, the horizontal movement criterion for offshore lifts is waived. Where SID is less
than 1.2m an alternative means of primary guidance shall be used, unless the predicted horizontal
movement will not limit the lift operation.
4. Primary cone tip diameters (CTD, Figure A2.7-2) shall be kept to a minimum to maximize the
allowable horizontal movement for initial engagement of the cone into the support tubular. Note,
CTD may be limited by fabrication constraints such as minimum plate rolling diameter.
5. Secondary cones shall be located on the Topsides legs opposite to the primary cones (refer to Figure
A2.7-3 overleaf). For structures with more than four support locations, the inner legs may be fitted
with secondary stabbing cones, depending on the weld details of the Topsides / tubular support
connections.
6. All stabbing cones should be clearly observable from a safe location during the installation and
coated with a contrasting colour (normally yellow).
7. For a safe lift operation there should be a clear area around each stabbing cone and corresponding
support location. The clear area should have a minimum radius of 3m, measured horizontally from
the surface of cone base (CBD in Figure A2.7-2). The clear area should extend from 1m above the
Topsides splice elevation and down to at least the cone height below the splice elevation.
8. Welds beads on the stabbing cone surfaces that can bear on the supporting tubular shall be ground
flush to ensure smooth surfaces for sliding contact and full bearing at the support points.
Attachments
A2.7 cont.d
X-X
Fig.
A2.7-2
Gridline on
Topsides (typ)
PLAN
VIEW
‘A’
VIEW ‘A’
Primary Stabbing Cone (2 No. minimum on end legs)
Secondary Stabbing Cones (required on opposite legs to primaries)
Secondary Stabbing Cones (optional)
Figure A2.7-3 Example Stabbing Cone Arrangement for a 6-legged Support System
Attachments
A2.8 Tertiary Guide Systems

Tertiary guides are optional guides used to provide additional positioning guidance just prior to set-
down of the Topsides. Tertiary guides can be arranged either as add-ons to primary and/or secondary
guides or as separate guide structures. Typical arrangements for these two types of tertiary guides are
indicated in Figures A2.8-1 to A2.8-3. Design loads for tertiary guides shall be equivalent to the
appropriate secondary guide loads or by assessment on a case-by-cases basis.
For details of the minimum gap between the tertiary guide and the incoming structure, refer to Section
4.2.2.
Horizontal Incoming
Bumper Topsides
Module
Tertiary Guide Elevation of

attached to the Supports on the
vertical part of a Existing Structure
guide
Detail 1 Existing
Structure
ELEVATION
1
Maximum
Slope
4
Hcs
A A
DETAIL 1 SECTION A-A
Figure A2.8-1 Example Tertiary Guide Shims (supported from a guide)
Attachments
A2.8 cont.d
Tertiary Guides
attached to the Pin & aligned with the
Pin base of the bucket at Topsides set-
(on existing down elevation
structure)
Max.
1 Slope
Bucket 4
(on Topsides)
Detail 1
Existing DETAIL 1
Structure Hcs
ELEVATION
(on Tertiary Guides
attached to the Pin)
Tertiary Guides
attached to Bucket & aligned with the
top of the Pin at Topsides set-down
elevation
Detail 2
(= Detail 1 inverted)
Existing
Structure
ELEVATION
(on Tertiary Guides
attached to the Bucket)
Figure A2.8-2 Example Tertiary Guide Shims (supported from a Pin and Bucket System
Attachments
A2.8 cont.d
Tertiary Guide 1 Maximum

attached to the Slope
Existing Structure
4
(Typ. 3 or 4 locations)
Hcs
A A
Tubular Support of
Incoming Topsides /
Module
Existing Structure
PLAN ON MODULE SECTION A -A

SUPPORT
Figure A2.8-3 Example Tertiary Guides (supported from an Existing Structure)
Attachments
Attachment 3 - Design Requirements for ‘Hang-off’ Modules
The following requirements should be considered in the design of a guide and bumper system for a
hang-off Module installation:
1. Two cow-horn guides with vertical bumpers should be used for the primary guide system as
indicated in Figure A3-1. This arrangement has proven to work effectively in conjunction with
hang-off Module installation procedure outlined in Figure A3-2.
2. Location of the guides should be:-
• At the ends of the module for plan rotational guidance;
• At the top of the Module to avoid clearance problems during lowering;
• Separate to the hang-off supports.
3. Criteria for movements and design loads for the guides and bumpers should be for a primary system
as stated in Sections 4.1 and 5.2. In addition, the guide and bumper dimensions should ensure a
minimum clearance between the existing Topsides and the Module as detailed item 13.
4. A hang-off support system shall comprise upper support(s) which resist all vertical loading from
the Module and also, in conjunction with the lower support(s), resist horizontal load from the (force)
couple generated by the Module being supported from one side – see also Figure A3-1.
5. The hang-off upper supports are recommended as pin and hook type as indicated in Figure A3-1
and Figure A3-2. because this arrangement:
• Is best suited for Module rotation during placement.
• It provides both vertical and horizontal constraint in one mating surface that facilitates
dimensional control of the mating surfaces.
The hook jaw opening and the clearance between jaw and pin support structure shall accommodate
the Module movements within the guidance system.
6. The hang-off lower supports shall be vertical bearing plate type as indicated in Figures A3-1 and
A3-2. The base plate mounted on the existing structure shall be of sufficient size to prohibit the
Module from over-rotating and resting on the top edge base plate structure.
7. The installation load condition for design of the hang-off Module supports shall be based on a
minimum overall load factor of 2.0 applied to the distributed Design Weight (Wdes from SC-201 or
SC-211). The overall load factor shall be derived from applicable factors for:-
• consequence of member failure;
• DAF (with a minimum value of 1.2);
• module CoG accuracy;
• lack of fit and other unquantified loads..
8. The hang-off support structure should be designed to ‘Normal’ allowable stress levels as listed in
Section 5.3.
9. The design of Module equipment and equipment supports should take into consideration the effects
of loads generated during offshore installation.
Attachments
A3 cont.d
10. Hang-off modules should be designed to engage the primary system with a specific tilt, preferably
9% (approximately 5°) greater than the installed attitude.
11. Secondary / Tertiary guides and bumpers should be located to ensure:-
• Correct alignment of the Module at set-down.
• Prevent over rotation of the Module and possible ‘snagging’ with the existing Topsides
structure, equipment, pipework etc.
12. The design information prepared by the Module designer shall include the following:
• Specific fabrication and positioning tolerances for the hang-off supports to ensure correct fitting
of the Module part with the Topsides part.
• As-built dimensional survey requirements to demonstrate correct fit-up of the supports when
positioned by the guide and bumper system. A report of this survey should be provided to HMC
for acceptance.
13. The minimum clearance between the Hang-off Module and the existing Topsides shall be:-
• 3.0 m just prior to engaging the guide system.
• 500 mm when fully engaged in the guide system
It is recommended this clearance is defined as a clear zone (exclusion zone), bounded by a
vertical plane parallel to the mating area of the existing Topsides with the Hang-off Module,
with a depth of 500 mm. Equipment and pipework shall be kept clear of this clearance zone
for installation Refer to Figure A3-3.
Attachments
A3 cont.d
Cow Horn Guide Boundary of
Existing Topsides
A Hang-off Hook
Support
Hang-off Module
Bearing Pin
Support
Bumper
A
PLAN
Hang-off Hook
Support Bearing Pin
Support
KEY
Denotes Item
Hang-off attached to Topsides
Existing
Topsides Module
Denotes item
attached to Module
Bearing Denotes Support

Support Reaction
Bearing Support
SECTION A – A
(Cow horn Guide & rigging omitted
for clarity)
Figure A3-1 Example Hang-off Module Arrangement
Attachments
A3 cont.d
Module Bumper
engaged in Cow-
horn guide &
Horizontal
Bumper Engage
Guide
Hang-off Hang-off
Module Module
Existing Existing
Topsides Topsides
Module tilt for

installation 9% (5º)
STAGE 1 STAGE 2
ALIGNMENT FOR ENGAGEMENT WITH
INITIAL ENGAGEMENT HORIZONTAL BUMPERS
Cow Horn Guide Note

separates from Installation rigging
the Bumper as omitted for clarity
the Pin engages
the hook
Lower & Rotate

Engage (on Pin)
Hook
Existing Existing
Topsides Hang-off Topsides Hang-off
Module Module
Bearing Pad
Supports engaged
STAGE 3
PIN ENGAGED ONTO HOOK STAGE 4
BEARING PLATES IN CONTACT
Figure A3-2 Hang-off Module Outline Installation Sequence
Attachments
A3 cont.d
3m
3m Hang-off Module at
Initial engagement
into the guidance
system
Hang-off
Module
Existing
Topsides
500 mm
Hang-off Module in
Boundary of Installed position
Existing
Topsides Boundary of
Exclusion
Zone (typ.)
Figure A3-3 Hang-off Module Clearances for Installation
Notes to Figure A3-3:

1) Minimum clearance radius of 3 m (in any direction) from extreme points on the Hang-off module
to items on the Existing Structure, when the Module is at the point of initial engagement into the
guidance system.
2) Minimum clearances do not include the distances between the guides and bumpers.
3) Installation rigging omitted for clarity.
Attachments

SC-251 - Design of Guidance Systems For Lifting and Placement

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WI-10.

05 Incident Reporting and Investigation

Design of Guidance Systems for

Standard Criteria for Engineering Design

2 ABBREVIATIONS AND REFERENCES 6

3 GUIDANCE SYSTEM SELECTION 7

5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA 17

6 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS & RECOMMENDATIONS 24

Figure 1.1-1 Flowchart for Lifting Operations Standard Criteria

2 ABBREVIATIONS AND REFERENCES

Reference No. Description

3 GUIDANCE SYSTEM SELECTION

A guidance system is always required for lift operations when:

Guidance System Types

Type I - Guide and Bumper (Figure 3.2-1 overleaf)

Vertical Guide Lift Object

Figure 3.2-1 Typical Guide & Bumper Arrangement

Type II - Pin and Bucket (Figure 3.2-2)

Vertical Guide Pin

Figure 3.2-2 Typical Pin and Bucket Arrangement

Type III - Stabbing Cone (Figure 3.2-3 overleaf)

Support Tubular Support Tubular

ELEVATION DETAIL VIEW

Figure 3.2-3 Typical Stabbing Cone Arrangement

Guidance System Selection

Lift Object Movements

Notes to Table 4.1-1:

Minimum clearances for guidance systems

Primary System Minimum

Notes to Table 4.2-1:

Note to Figure 4.2-1:

Notes to Section 4.2.3:

Dimensions for Guidance Systems

Height of guides and pins

Height of stabbing cones

Diameter of bucket cones

Diameter of stabbing cones

Slopes of Guides and Cones

Lift Object Placement

Notes to Section 4.4.2:

5 STRUCTURAL DESIGN CRITERIA

Design Loads for Guidance Systems

Single Crane Lift Static Hookload (Hstat) = Wdes + Wrig

onto a Fixed Structure: fh fv fL Attachment 2

Notes to Table 5.2-1:

Design Load Combination

Placement loads on guiding system

Placement loads on Stabbing Cones

Figure 5.3-4 Example placement loads – flat interface.

Von Mises stress, σc = (σ 2

Guidance System Material & Welding Specifications

6 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS & RECOMMENDATIONS

Attachment 2 - Guidance System Concepts

Attachment Guidance System Description

A2.2 Vertical cow-horn guide and horizontal bumper

A2.3 Horizontal cow-horn bumper and vertical guide

A2.4 Horizontal L-shape bumper and cow-horn guide

A2.5 Horizontal U-bumper bumper and vertical guide

A2.6 Pin and Bucket

A2.7 Stabbing cone

A2.8 Tertiary Guidance Systems

A2.0 General Notes

Guidance system component mounted on the existing structure