Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES

University Town, Northern Samar
uep.edu.ph uepnsofficial@gmail.com

WILSON NUNGAY EJERCITO

Special Lecturer, UEP-CAC
 LET’S DO THIS FIRST!

Have you ever tried crafting an art? What do you think is the reason behind our
craftmanship?
 OBJECTIVES
 Affirm and discern the “artists” in one’s self
 Appreciate the value of the arts
 Articulate own meaning of arts
 Explain some logical and philosophical concepts about the arts

1.1 ETYMOLOGY

NOW WE KNOW!!!

2.1 ETYMOLOGIES AND MEANING

 The word “art” is derived from the Latin ars, which originally meant “skill” or “craft.” These
meanings are still primary in other English words derived from ars, such as “artifact” (a thing made
by human skill) and “artisan” (a person skilled at making things).
 Art comes from the Italian word, artis, which means “craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form,
inventiveness, and the association that exist between form and ideas and between material and
techniques.
 The word “art” is derived from arti, which denotes craftmanship, skill, mastery of form,
inventiveness
 From the Aryan root ar which means “to join” or “put together”
 From the Greek words “artizein”, which means to “prepare”, and arkiskein, meaning “put
together
 Art is man-made, creative and not-imitative, must benefit or satisfy man, and is expressed
through a particular medium.
 Art is the hand-maiden of religion.
 Art never grows old.
 Art has been created by all people at all times. It has lived because it is loved and lived.

 Art is always beautiful. It has its own aesthetics which everyone must see and feel.
 The artist’s credo is “art for the art’s sake.”

2.2 SKILL AND TALENT

 Skill. It is something that is being learned and can be taught. It is within mortal accountability.
 Talent. It is innate. It is beyond mortal accountability.

2.3SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ARTS

 Art is very important in our lives as it is concerned with the communication of certain ideas and
feelings by means of a sensuous medium- color, sound, bronze, marble words, and film.
 The subject of art is varied. Some are representational; others are nonrepresentational, non-
objective, or abstract.
 Art serves as a technical and creative record of human needs and achievements

 All arts have functions for people since they satisfy particular needs of people.
 In addition to providing commentary about the larger culture, art makes life more manageable,
tolerable and enjoyable. One may not think about more utilitarian items and places as “art,” but
they do contribute to one's aesthetic experience.

2.4 ART AND NATURE

 The exploration of nature in art can take endless forms, because nature provides us with such a
vast wealth of inspiring phenomena.
 Nature in art can take many visual forms, from photorealism to abstraction. Art can mimic
nature, by seeking to visually replicate objects as they actually appear in real life.
 Art is not nature. Nature is not art. But nature is artful.
 2.5 ART AS A PROCESS
Art is a product because it is a creation of the mankind. It is also a process as a methodology is
employed that led to its creation. Skill and imagination are the two requisites as regards making
an art. There are four (4) phases as regards making an art.
1. Experience
2. Expression
3. Creation
4. Communication

2.6 ARTWORK AND WORK OF ART

 Artwork refers to the product of the artist, i.e. painting, sculpture, photo, film, etc.
 Work of art refers to the benefits, effects, and impact, among others of the arts to people 2.7
WORK OF ART AND GREAT WORK OF ART Generally, work of art and great work of art
refer to the level of benefits, effects, and impact of the artwork to people.
 Work of art would mean, temporal and/or time-bound benefits, effects, and impact.
 On one hand, great work of art refers to the timeliness of the benefits, effects, and impact of the
artwork. 2.8 THE UNIVERSALITY OF ART
 Art is universal because it is good; but are is not good because it is universal.

 Every artwork is a product of one’s feelings and emotions.

2.9 BASIC ASSUMPTIONS OF ARTS

Assumption is believing on something as true and authentic without any basis of the claim.
There are four (4) common assumptions in arts. These are the following:
1. Universal
2. Sensible to see and hear
3. Involves consciousness
4. Good taste and judgment
 2.10 FUNCTIONS OF ARTS
 Aesthetic function

 Utilitarian function
 Cultural function
 Social function

2.11 SCOPE OF THE ARTS

1. Visual arts
2. Auditory arts
3. Literary arts
4. Performing arts
5. Combined arts
1. Visual Arts
Also known as space arts, the visual arts are art forms that create works that are primarily
visual in nature, such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts,
photography, video, film making and architecture.
 Graphic arts are two-dimensional forms of arts, (i.e. painting (application of pigment), drawing
(unpigmented), graphic processes, photography, commercial art, mechanical processes)
 Plastic arts are three-dimensional forms of arts, i.e. sculpture (art for the masses), architecture
(mother of all arts), landscape architecture, city planning, interior design (indoor aesthetics), crafts
(hand-made), industrial design, dress, costume and theatre design)
 General Dimensions: Fine arts and Practical arts
 Others: Popular arts, Gustatory arts and Decorative arts
2. Auditory arts
The art of arranging sounds in time so as to produce a continuous, unified, and evocative
composition, as through melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre. 2. Vocal or instrumental sounds
possessing a degree of melody, harmony, or rhythm. These are also known as time arts.
 Music (Vocal Music, Instrumental Music, Combined Music)

 Instrumental Music: keyboard, string, wind, brass winds and percussion

3. Literary arts (novels, short stories, fiction and non-fiction)
Literary or literary or verbal art is something in the form of writing or stories that have artistic and
cultural value that displays the beauty of speech and language to convey certain meanings.

4. Performing arts (Theater and drama: tragedy, melodrama, comedy)

The performing arts is a collective term for arts performed in front of an audience. They
primarily focus on dance, drama, music and theatre. This means there's often overlap with the film
and media industries. Design and production roles also fall under this umbrella, with many
institutions and performing arts schools providing courses in production lighting, stage and prop
design, costume construction and stage management.
 Comedy: romantic comedy, farce, comedy of manners, sit com and gag show
 Dance: ethnologic dance, social dance, ballet, modern dance and musical comedy
5. Combined arts
Film is an example of the combined arts which is a product of the 20th century.
Combined arts is where different artforms interact and create something new and
exciting across outdoor arts, carnival, festivals, spectacle, interdisciplinary work, live art and
participatory and social art practice.
Mainstream/Dependent
Films Team Mainstream would say that indie films are nothing but deep and artsy
productions that only a few can understand. Team Indie, on the other hand, would say that
mainstream films are meatless, profit-oriented films that only aim to entertain the audience, and
nothing more.
Mainstream films, in the simplest definition, are those which are produced by big
production companies and are released and screened in firstrun theatres. What makes the film
“mainstream” is that it caters to a wider audience, and that it also popular with most people – the
masses. Genres of mainstream films are usually romance, action, comedy, and romantic-comedy.
These films can be described as light-hearted, something that aims to entertain and ease the stress
off of their audience. Films which are considered mainstream usually have big budgets, and are
wwfdistributed by the biggest production companies in the Philippines which include:
 Star Cinema
 Regal Films
 Viva Films

 GMA Films
 Some of the most prominent and most successful commercially-made films today are:
Cathy Garcia-Molina’s One More Chance, Wenn Deramas’ Praybeyt Benjamin, and Tony Y.
Reyes’ Enteng Kabisote.
Independent (Indie) Films
Independent or indie films may also be referred to as “alternative cinema.” It includes
short films, documentaries, experimental films, and animations which are made without the
capitalization usually found in commercial films. They are low-budget films produced by smaller
production houses, and are not funded by the companies mentioned above.
The rise of independent films started in the 70s, known to be the Second Golden Age of
Cinema, where alternative filmmakers like Ishmael Bernal, Lino Brocka, Mike De Leon, Mario
O’Hara, and Kidlat Tahimik entered the scene with films exploring poverty, sex, and oppression
– themes that mainstream films usually veer away from. This movement was continued in the
2000s, spearheaded by Brillante Mendoza, Raymond Red, and Aurelius Solito, who was awarded
and recognized by international award-giving bodies.
These films are not widely distributed by the famous movie houses in the country.
Instead, film festivals were established, giving the filmmakers and film aficionados a space where
they can all showcase and enjoy their films. Some of the festivals we know today are:
 Cinemalaya Film Festival
 CineFilipino Film Festival
 QCinema Film Festival

 Cinema One Originals Film Festivals

Today’s most successful indie films are: Auraeus Solito’s Ang Pagdadalaga ni Maximo
Oliveros, John Torres’ Endo, Brillante Mendoza’s Kinatay, and Lav Diaz’ Ang Babaeng Humayo.
Maindie Films
Bridging both the mainstream and indie are the maindie films. Made from the
combination of the two words, films that fall under this category are basically those which are
independently-made but were adapted and distributed by the bigger production companies. Marlon
Rivera’s Ang Babae sa Septic Tank, Antoinette Jadaone’s That Thing Called Tadhana, and Lav
Diaz’ Ang Babaeng Humayo are considered maindie films.
At the end of the day, mainstream and Indie are merely classifications as to how the
films are made and doesn’t really have any bearing as to which has more depth and value than the
other. There will always be something good and of quality to come out from the bunch of
mainstream films that are made; and there will always be independently-made films which will
not always meet the expectations of its intended crowd.
 LEARNING TASKS
Part I. Crossword Puzzle.
Supply the puzzle with correct answers.

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
1. Working person 2. Rhythmic succession
2. Structure 3. Art is sensible to ______.
3. ______stories may be non/fiction. 4. Hand-made
4. Actor’s dress 5. Arts ______ not grow old
5. Line 6. Auditory arts
7. A curve line 8. Mastery and craftsmanship
9. Both auditory and performing arts 9. Needs to be acted
11. Can’t live without drama 10. Pocket book
14. To put together 12. Auditory arts are for ______.
15. Formal dance 13. Universal
Part II. Comparison and Contrast.
Compare and contrast each pair of words. Maximize the spaces/lines provided for.
1. independent film and dependent/mainstream film

2. artwork and work of art

Part III. Definition of Terms. Define each item by giving its keyword/s (one to three words only).
Ex. Painting-pigment
1. vocal music __________________________
2. aesthetic __________________________
3. cultured __________________________
4. modern dance __________________________
5. literary arts __________________________
6. performing arts __________________________
7. interior design __________________________
8. architecture __________________________
9. sculpture __________________________
10. farce __________________________
Part IV. Essay. Write succinctly.
State in your own words the meaning of arts and converse on their importance
to you and in the society