The Development

Of Visual Arts In
The Philippines
 PAINTING
 SCULPTURE
 ARCHITECTURE

GROUP 5:
PAPAURAN, MELJOHN
MORAL, KRISIA
PACANAN, KIMBERLIE
SARA, ANGEL MAE
SOLAS, EMMABEL

THE DEVELOPMENT OF PAINTINGS IN THE PHILIPPINES

The historical development of painting in the philippines was traced into three:
  PAINTING DURING SPANISH PERIOD
 PAINTING DURING AMERICAN PERIOD
 PAINTING DURING MOFERN PERIOD

PAINTING DURING SPANISH PERIOD

 Painting in churches started in Manila area with the Priests as painter
decorators. The Augustinian fathers also offered drawing lessons to the
Filipinos. The native Filipino painters had the freedom to choose colors of the
figures.
Some painter during this period was:
 Jose Dans
 Damiano Domingo
 Justiniano Asuncion
 Alfonse Ongpin
THE ACADEMIA
 A Royal Degree promulgated on March 13, 1846 founded the Academia de
Dibuyo y Pintura in the City of Manila. Agustin Saez, the Director, was the
lone faculty member. Lorenzo Rocha succeded Saez as director 1867.
Simon Flores y de la Rosa was one of those who studied at the Academia.
He painted most of his religious canvases from paints.

THE 19TH CENTURY

 Juan Luna and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo received high honors abroad
for their work.
 Juan Luna - studied under Saez, Rocha, and Guerrero.
 Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo y Padilla- He studied at the Academia under Saez.

PAINTING DURING AMERICAN PERIOD

 Painting has a lesser direct utility value unlike architecture. There were few
painters, but they painted simply for the love of art. Painting was a standstill
because commerce was generally restricted during the period between the
Spanish and the assumption of the American government that naturally
disabled the artists financially.
Some famous painters we’re:
 Fabian de la Rosa
 The Marikina Road - The Planting rice
 Jorge Pineda
 Playing Chongka - Lantern Making
 Isidro Ancheta
 In 1903, the Manila art world began with the assistance of other painters:
Rafael Enriquez organized the Associacion International de Artistas and
sponsored an exhibition on the Escolta. Vicente Rivera y Mir won the first
 prize with his oil entry El Sueno Dorado. Ramon Peralta won the second
prize with his Cabeza de Estudio.

PAINTING DURIND MODERN PERIOD

 The artist were set to sketch portraits for living. In 1951, a gallery for the
modern painting was established on the side street of calle Mabini in Ermita.
 PHILIPPINE ART GALLERY
 Igorots , Ifugao, Mindanao, Muslims, Bagobos, and Mangyans were
favorite subjects.
 ROMEO ENRIQUEZ SONATA
 He won the first prize in the AAP competition exhibitions.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCULPTURE IN THE PHILLPINES

SCULPTURE DURING THE SPANISH PERIODS
 even before the spaniards arrived in the phillipine in the early 16th
Century some forms of native sculpture mostly of idols existed. Because
of thier pagan origin the native idols were destroyed by the spaniards.
An example of sculpture during this period is the virgin qn araneta
collection which display an unconventional figure of the virgin

SCULPTURE DURING THE AMERICAN

 After the revolution 1896 filipino sculptures began to erect monuments.
The monuments of Jose rizal were constructed in plazas an over the
archipelago in 1905, a full figure monuments was undertaken by Ramo
martinez. It also display others heroes but it was populary know as the
bonifacio monument

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARCHITECTURE IN THE

PHILIPPINES
ARCHITECTURE DURING THE PRE SPANISH PERIOD
 before the coming of the spaniards filipino houses were made of light
materials bamboo palm, vine,grass,and wood. The pre spanish filipino
 house had a pyramidal roof. The walls were low, The floor was raised a
few feet above the ground.
MATERIALS:
 Light materials
 Bamboo Palm
 Vine
 Grass
 Wood
- The Pre-Spanish Filipino house had a pyramidal roof. The wall were low; the floor
were raised a few feet above the ground.

EARLY CHURCHES OF INTRAMUROS

 The San Agustin Church is one of the few churches constructed in the
Philippines with a true barrel vaulting that enabled the church to withstand the
severest earthquakes.

EARLY CHURCHES IN NORTHERN LUZON

 The churches in San Fernando City, La Union gives the appearance of a false
front when seen from the side. This is the result of the restoration of the
facade, the only portion of the church accorded with architecture treatment
originally. The church is of quasi-classic style architecture.
 The Bauang Church in La Union is also of quasi-classic style. The facade is a
tall rectangle whose inclined sides probably followed the pitch of the tile roof
that covered the nave originally.
 The Binmaley and Lingayen Churches in the Pangasinan, which were
damage in 1945, lost their roofs but were replaced with galvanized iron
roofing in resent years. Both have a plain facade. The tower of Binmaley and
Lingayen Churches are topped by bell-shape cupolas suggestive of the sugar
vats of the region.
 The Dagupan Church is a distinct contrast to Binmaley and Lingayen
Churches.
 St. Paul's Metropolitan Cathedral in Vigan, Ilocos Sur is said to be the first
building in Ilocos region to have a tile roof. The facade of the cathedral is of
the classic order.
 The Laoag Church in Ilocos Norte, completed in the 19th century, was built by
the Augustinians. Its facade is unique. The second story of the facade is
triangular in shape while the lower story is decorated with Romanesque-
Byzantine pillar. The bell tower is stands apart from the church.
 The Paoay Church in Ilocos Norte stands as a rarity among churches in
Luzon because of the presence of 26 tapering buttresses with each buttress
crowned by blunt-ended pinnacles. From a distance, the squat edifice looks
 like a fort. The facade is very plain. The three-story bell tower is a set part
from the structure.

EARLY CHURCHES IN PAMPANGA AND BULACAN

 The Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan has a facade with mixed features "
compuesto style. " It has two stories crowned by curved pediment. The three-
story high bell tower is octagonal.

EARLY CHURCHES IN RIZAL

 The church facade is surmounted by a pediment. The first story is decorated
with ionic pillars and the second story with composite ones. The statue of St.
Idefonso is lodged in the pediment niched.

EARLY CHURCHES IN LAGUNA AND BATANGAS

 The Paete Church façade has two stories. Each story is treated like a
freeze, ornamented with four-petalled flowers and Byzantine-like pilasters.
The retable leans toward the Baroque order-twisted in columns, broken
pediments, and semi volutes.
 The façade of the Pakil Church in Laguna is of the composite order. A
stilted arch rising from engaged composite columns frames the main altar.
 The San Jose Church in Batangas was constructed with a two-story
façade. The engaged pillars became the pilasters. The peculiar angle
terminations of the triangular flaps turned in half volutes
.
EARLY CHURCHES IN THE VISAYAS

 The Miag-ao Church in Iloilo was constructed in the 18th century using
stones gathered by the townsfolk. The “tobriya” gathered from a far
distance were used for the structural parts while the other types of stones,
for ornamentation. Originally, the façade has twin towers of unequal height
with high relief stone carvings.
 The Pardo Church in Cebu has a facade that looks like a fortress because
of the tower buttresses and the central portion which rises high and topped
by the pointed cupola of the belfry.
 The Carcar Church in Cebu is situated on an elevated ground. Its façade
is of rare wide design. The bell tower is capped by four-sided ogee
cupolas, which look like onions.

EARLY CHURCHES IN METRO MANILA

  The Tondo church was redesigned by Luciano Oliver in 1873. The new
façade was compuesto; the dome structure made of steel framing and the
roofing with iron sheets.
 The Binondo Church, built in 18th century, originally had the shape of a
truncated cone before it was damaged by the 1863 earthquake. It was rebuilt
later.
 The Sta. Cruz Church, which was a façade of classic order was also
destroyed by the 1863 earthquake. Originally, it has a very impressive tall
tower with beautiful carvings adorning the retable. The tower was restored
during the church’s reconstruction.
 The roof of the Quiapo church collapsed during the 1863 earthquake. When it
was rebuilt, its octagonal tower had three stories. Its façade was of
compuesto order with a triangular pediment.
 The Malate church was also damaged by the 1863 earthquake. When it was
rebuilt, it was reported that it was not as beautifully constructed as before. The
general appearance of the façade was ineffective as buttress.
 The San Sebastian Church, damaged by the earthquakes in 1863 and 1880
took on a new face. The Recollect fathers built a new one that would stand all
disasters. The church was one of the first prefabricated buildings in the
Philippines.
 The Santo Domingo Church in Quezon City was reconstructed with brick and
stone as building materials. Its style is quasi-Gothic. The church
reconstruction was completed by Felix Roxas, a distinct architect who
designed buildings like the Enriquez house and Paterno house.

OTHER RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTED IN THE EARLY YEARS

 Old houses, built with architectural designs, were reconstructed to serve as
memorials. Some of them were the Syquia Mansion in Vigan City, a three-
story house which faced the town plaza and has a high-pitched roof; the
Valenzuela house with its caryatids in Malolos, Bulacan; the Rizal house in
Calamba, Laguna with a lantern on its roof ridge; and the Monte de Piedad
building with its imposing pediment and fluted column style in Manila.

ARCHITECTURE DURING THE AMERICAN PERIOD

 During the early stage of the American period, repair, rehabilitation, and
construction of building and other structure were done principally by army
engineers employed by Governor Taft.

CONCRETE BUILDING IN MANILA

  The Philippines Normal school (now Philippine normal university) and the
Philippine general hospital (PGH) in Taft avenue were the first big reinforced
concrete Building erected in manila.

THE CLASSIC STYLE OF JUAN ARELLANO AND ANTONIO TOLEDO

 Juan arellano and Antonio Toledo designed some of the Philippine
government buildings. the congress of the Philippine building has a
rectangular plan with elaborate decorations.

TOLEDO ALSO DESIGNED

 The up buildings in Ermita manila
 The villamor hall in up Deliman

JUAN ARELLANO DESIGNED

 Capitol building in Bacolod city
 Magsaysay High school building
 The macabebe town hall in Pampanga
 The pillila town hall in pillilar.
 The malolos town hall in malolos

ARCHITECTURE IN THE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD
 with the advent of this new architecture, classical lost ground. architecture
who travelled and learned abroad come back with a deeper
understanding of knowledge of art.

THE FIVE-STORY HIGH PHILIPPINE NATIONAL BANK BUILDING.

 The insular life building, which stood prominently on the south east corner
of plaza cervantes.
 The metropolitan theatre in liwasang Bonifacio.
 The Cebu provincial capitol in cebu.
 The Rizal memorial stadium in malate manila.
 The quezon institute in Quezon city; and some building inside up Deliman.