Unit III

Culture and the Arts

 Lesson 10
Soulmaking, Appropriation, and
Improvisation
Introduction
• Throughout history, art has played an integral
role to capture, record and communicate
events, activities, traditions and even beliefs
systems of various groups of people.
Soulmaking: Making and Deriving Meaning
From Art.
• In arts, in order for people to make sense of
the work, it would require understanding the
visual elements where art was grounded on,
especially the principles of design.
The Audience must have:
• Style- refers to the distinctive handling of
elements and media.

• Form- is what the audience sees.

• Content- is the subject matter and underlying

meanings or themes.
IMPROVISATION
• Define as doing something without prior
preparation.

• It adds up to the totality of the work of art.

• Makes the artwork to have a distinctive

quality that crafts its individuality and identity.
Marta Minunjin Performance Art
APPROPRIATION
• The authorship relies on the viewer.

• Putting up the details of the works and

integrating them into their own.

• Intentions of the appropriation artist are often

question since issues of plagiarism or forgery
sometimes arise.
 Andy Warhol’s
“Campbell Soup Can Series”
Lesson 11

Art in Asia
Chinese Art
• China in the past were able to produce
primitive artisan works.
• Chou Dynasty was under a feudal kind of
social system it was parallel period of Greece’s
Golden Age.
• Confucianism was the dominant way of life
subscribe to by the general public.
• The Chinese also had interactions with
Western missionaries who came from India.

• On the 6th century, Chinese artist started

making art that highlighted their own culture.
• Paintings usually depicted magical places and
realms that were born out of sheer
imagination.
• Porcelain is one of the commonly used items
to make decorative ornaments such as vases
and jars.
Chinese Central Themes:
1. Nature
2. Culture
> Form of Social Life
>Giving importance to Communities
>Interaction among people
3. Everyday Activities
> War and Violence
> Death
Japanese Art
• Art in Japan has undergone a series of
transitions and periodization.
• Korean and Chinese influences evident in
Japanese artworks.
Haniwa
• Shintoism- native religion in Japan. It did not
use to communicate its beliefs.

• Buddhism- art became an expression of

worship for the Japanese.
• China also influence Japan in terms of painting.
• The Japanese style of painting leaned toward
abstract and naturalistic handling.
• The artist is given the free reign for his work
which had more room for spontaneity and
individuality.
• A lot of works focused on individual portraits,
elements of nature and scenes from everyday
life.
Ukiyo-e
• It was crafted through woodcut prints. The
artist developed a technique tat used lines
and colors in a very distinctive manner.

• Some Western artist were intrigued and

influenced by Ukiyo-e paintings.
e.g.: Vincent Van Gogh & Edouard Manet.
Ukiyo-e
Philippine Art
• Ethnic minorities have used art not only for
daily activities but also for religious rituals and
practices.

• Most art forms are Pottery, Weaving, Carving,

and the use of Metalwork and Jewelry.
Pottery
• One of the earliest art forms used by the early
Filipino people.
• Most Prominent Artifacts is the Manunggal Jar
found in Palawan, it is a representation of the
early Filipinos’ religious beliefs and practices.
• Pottery produced items that are practical
value for the early Filipino such as pots for
cooking and large vases for storing.
Manunggal Jar
Weaving
• It was popular artisans of weaving is the
people fro Cordilleras, they are known for
their colorful woven cloth which also have
both religious and practical value.
• The T’boli from Mindanao are also known for
their woven abaca cloth called T’nalak.
Woodcarvings
• Woodcarvings in Palawan also depict animals
like birds, which are representations of their
religious beliefs.
• In Mindanao, the Tausug and Maranao people
are known for their Okir. Their common
subjects include the Sarmanok, Naga, and the
Pako Rabong.
Jewelry
• Jewlry was used as amulets for protection to
drive away evil spirits.
• From the group of Cordilleras and Cotabato
utilized jewelry as ornaments integrated in
their clothing.
16th Century: Spaniards discovered
Philippines
• Art was used by the Spaniards to propagate
their Christian faith.
• The Church became the sole patron of arts.
• Seen through the construction of churches,
which house various relics and paintings.
Under Colonial Rule
• Filipinos expressed their indignation and
desire for liberation and Art became one of
the avenues for Filipino patriots and
Nationalist.
• The most famous work that expressed Filipino
nationalism and stand against the colonizers
would be Juan Luna’s “Spoliaruim”
Juan Luna’s “Spoliaruim”
1960’s
• A period of modernism and dynamism with a
lot of styles, techniques, and methods.
• Most artworks were reflection of political,
social, and economic situation of the
Philippines during Marcos admoinistration.
• Most artworks were forms of protest.
• Photography has evolve into an art.