Biology Extra Edge

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Biology Extra Edge ®

Pre-Medical
Biology Extra Edge

S.No. Contents Page
01. Plant diversity 1

02. Animal diversity, Frog and Earthworm 9
03. Morphology of flowering plants 14
04. Plant anatomy 18
05. Animal tissue 22
06. Cockroach 24
07. Cell Biology 25
08. Biomolecules 29
09. Plant physiology 31
10. Digestion and Absorption EN 37
11. Breathing & Exchange of gases 39
12. Body fluid & Circulation 42
13. Excretion & their elimination 45
14. Endocrine system 47
15. Skeletal system 49
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16. Muscles 51
17. Nervous system 52
18. Sense organ 55
19. Reproduction in organisms 56
A
20. Life cycle of angiosperm 57

21. Human reproduction system 60
22. Reproductive health 65
23. Principles of Inheritance and Variations 66
24. Molecular basis of Inheritance 72
25. Origin and Evolution 78
26. Human health & Disease 81
27. Plant breeding 85
28. Domestication of animals 87
29. Microbes in Human welfare 88
30. Biotechnology 89
31. Ecology 93
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Biology Extra Edge
 Pre-Medical
EN
LL
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Biology : Plant Diversity ®
Pre-Medical
PLANT DIVERISTY
1. Given below are two statements: 3. Given below are two statements:
Statement-I : Fungi and members of the Statement-I : The form and size of algae is
Monera and Protista having cell walls have now
highly variable, ranging from colonial forms like
been excluded from Plantae, although according
Ulothrix and Spirogyra and to the filamentous
to earlier classifications they were placed in the
forms like Volvox.
same kingdom.
Statement-II : Aniosogamous type of
Statement-II : The earliest systems of
classification used only gross superficial reproduction is found in Eudorina.
morphological characters such as habit, colour, In the light of the above statements, choose the
number and shape of leaves etc. most appropriate answer from the options given
In the light of the above statements, choose the below:
most appropriate answer from the options given
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
below:
correct.
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are EN (2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are
correct.
(2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are incorrect.
incorrect. (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is
(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is incorrect.
incorrect.
(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
correct. correct.
LL
Statement-I : Natural classification systems also Statement-I : Agar is one of the commercial
based on evolutionary relationships between the products obtained from members of
various organisms. phaeophyceae.
A
Statement-II : In numerical taxonomy each Statement-II : Major pigments chlorophyll a, d

character is given equal importance and at the same and phycoerythrin is found in the members of
time hundreds of characters can be considered. phaeopyceae.
In the light of the above statements, choose the In the light of the above statements, choose the
most appropriate answer from the options given most appropriate answer from the options given
below: below:
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct. correct.
(2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are (2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are
incorrect. incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is
(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
correct. correct.
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Biology : Plant Diversity
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : Most of the members of Statement-I : Bryophytes are also called
chlorophyceae have one or more storage bodies amphibians of plant kingdom because these
called pyrenoids located in the chloroplasts. plants can live in soil but are dependent on water
Statement-II : Cell wall of members of for sexual reproduction.
rhodophyceae is made up of cellulose, pectin and Statement-II : The leaves in pteridophyta are
polysulphate esters. small (microphylls) as in ferns or large
In the light of the above statements, choose the (macrophylls) as in selaginella.
most appropriate answer from the options given In the light of the above statements, choose the
below: most appropriate answer from the options given
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are below:
correct. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
(2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are correct.
incorrect. (2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are
incorrect.
EN
correct.
(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is
incorrect.
6. Given below are two statements: correct.
Statement-I : The red thalli of most of the red 8. Given below are two statements:
LL
algae are unicellular. Statement-I : Algae are non embryophytes,
Statement-II : Sexual reproduction in red algae atracheophytes, spermatophytes and
is isogamous and accompanied by complex post homosporous.
fertilisation. Statement-II : Sex organs of algae are
In the light of the above statements, choose the multicellular and jacketed.
A
(2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are correct.
incorrect. (2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are
(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is incorrect.
correct. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
correct.
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Pre-Medical
Statement-I : Mosses along with lichens are the Statement-I : Most of the Pteridophytes are
first organisms to colonise rocks and hence are tracheophytes, embryophytes, heterosporous,
of great ecological importance. spermatophytes cryptogams.
Statement-II : Gammae are unicellular, asexual Statement-II : Prothallus is inconspicuous,
buds which develop in small receptacles called small but multicellular, free living, mostly
gemma cups located on the thalli. photosynthetic thalloid gametophyte.
below: below:
correct. correct.
incorrect.
EN
correct.
incorrect.
correct.
Statement-I : Bryophytes are atracheophyte, Statement-I : Selaginella and Salvinia are
LL
embryophytes and non spermatophyte homosporous pteridophytes.
cryptogams. Statement-II : Gymnosperms are
Statement-II : Protonema is creeping, green, tracheophytes, embryophytes, heterosporous,
branched and frequently filamentous stage. spermatophytes phanerogams.
A
below: below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
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Pre-Medical
13. Given below are two statements: 15. Given below are two statements: one is labelled
Statement-I : Unlike bryophytes and as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
pteridophytes, in gymnosperms the male and Reason (R).
female gametophytes do not have an
Assertion (A) : Cyanobacteria that are referred
independent free living existence.
to as blue green algae are not "algae" anymore.
Statement-II : Pinus is monoecious and Cycas
Reason (R) : All unicellular prokaryotes are
is dioecious.
placed in kingdom Monera and algae are placed
In the light of the above statements, choose the
most appropriate answer from the options given in kingdom Plantae
below: In the light of the above statements, choose the
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are most appropriate answer from the options
correct. given below :
(2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
incorrect. correct explanation of (A).
(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
incorrect.
EN
correct.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
correct explanation of (A).
14. Given below are two statements:
16. Given below are two statements: one is labelled
Statement-I : Double fertilisation event is
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
LL
unique to angiosperms.
Reason (R).
Statement-II : While most algal genera are
Assertion (A) : Artificial system of classification
haplontic, some of them such as ectocarpus,
polysiphonia, kelps are haplo-diplontic. separated closely related species.
In the light of the above statements, choose the Reason (R) : Artificial system of classification
A
most appropriate answer from the options given was based on a few characterstics.
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are most appropriate answer from the options
correct. given below :
(2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
incorrect.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
incorrect.
correct.
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Pre-Medical
17. Given below are two statements: one is labelled 19. Given below are two statements: one is labelled
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason (R). Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Most algal genera are haplontic. Assertion (A) : Majority of pteriodophytes are
Reason (R) : In algae, mitosis in zygote results heterosporous.
in the formation of diploid spores, the diploid Reason (R) : Genera like selaginella and salvinia
spores divide meiotically to form gametophyte. produce two kinds of spores, macro (large) and
In the light of the above statements, choose the micro (small).
most appropriate answer from the options In the light of the above statements, choose the
given below : most appropriate answer from the options
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the given below :
correct explanation of (A). (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
EN (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
18. Given below are two statements: one is labelled correct explanation of (A).
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as 20. Given below are two statements: one is labelled
Reason (R). as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

LL
Assertion (A) : Mosses are of great ecological Reason (R).
importance. Assertion (A) : In heterosporous pteridophytes,
Reason (R) : Mosses along with lichens are the gametophyte is dioecious.
first organisms to colonise rocks. They Reason (R) : The female gametophytes in
A
decompose rocks making the substrate suitable heterosporous pteridophytes, are retained on
for the growth of higher plants. parent sporophyte for variable periods.
most appropriate answer from the options most appropriate answer from the options
given below : given below :

(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A). correct explanation of (A).
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
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Pre-Medical
21. Given below are two statements: one is labelled 23. Given below are two statements: one is labelled
Reason (R). Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : In gymnosperms endosperm is Assertion (A) : Sexual reproduction in Ulothrix

haploid. and spirogyra is oogamous.
Reason (R) : In gymnosperms within the Reason (R) : Male and female gametes are
megasporangium, megaspore mother cell divides flagellated and similar in size (as in Ulothrix) or
meiotically to form four haploid megaspores, one non flagellated (non motile) but similar in size (as
of the megaspores develops into a multicellular in spirogyra).
female gametophyte. In the light of the above statements, choose the
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options
most appropriate answer from the options given below :
given below : (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
EN (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
correct explanation of (A). 24. Identify the correct set of statements :
LL
22. Given below are two statements: one is labelled (a) Natural classification systems were not based
on natural affinities among the organisms
and evolutionary relationship between
Reason (R). various organisms.
Assertion (A) : Bryophytes are also called (b) In Volvox, Fucus sexual reproduction is
A
amphibians of plant kingdom. oogamous.

(c) In numerical taxonomy, each character is
Reason (R) : Bryophytes can live in soil but are
given equal importance and at the same time
dependent on water for sexual reproduction. hundreds of characters can be considered.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (d) In algae, asexual reproduction is by
most appropriate answer from the options production of different types of spores, the
most common being the conidia.
given below :
(e) Atleast half of the total carbon di-oxide
fixation on earth is carried out by algae
correct explanation of (A). through photosynthesis.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. Choose the correct answer from the options
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. given below :
(1) (a) and (b) only
(2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
(3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only
(4) (b), (c) and (e) only
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Pre-Medical
25. Identify the correct set of statements : 27. Identify the correct set of statements :
(a) Red colour of red algae is due to (a) The main plant body of the bryophytes is
predominance of the red pigment haploid.
fucoxanthin. (b) In bryophytes, zygotes do not undergo
(b) Chlorella is a multicellular alga rich in reduction division immediately and they
proteins is used as food supplement even by produce a multicellular body called
space travallers. sporophyte.
(c) Green algae usually have a rigid cell wall (c) In Selaginella, Equisetum sporophylls may
made of an outer layer of cellulose and an form distinct compact structures called
inner layer of pectose. strobili or cones.
(d) In red algae food is stored as floridean starch (d) Funaria, Polytrichum and Sphagnum are
which is very similar to amylopectin and liverworts.
glycogen in structure. (e) In mosses rhizoids are unbranched and
(e) Fucus is a brown alga shows haplo-diplontic unicellular.
life cycle. Choose the correct answer from options given
Choose the correct answer from options given below :
below : (1) (a), (b) and (c) only
(1) (a), (b) and (c)
(2) (a), (b), (c) and (e)
(3) only (d)
EN (2) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only
(3) (d) and (e) only
(4) (a), (b) and (d) only
(4) (c) and (d) only 28. Identify the correct set of statements :
26. Identify the correct set of statements : (a) Pteridophytes are first spermatophytes
(a) Polysiphonia, Porphyra are red algae, and evolutionarily.
LL
Laminaria, Sargassum are brown algae. (b) In homosporous pteridophytes, spores

(b) Asexual reproduction in most brown algae is germinate to give rise to inconspicuous, small
by biflagellated zoospores that are pear but multicellular, free living mostly
shaped and have two equal laterally attached photosynthetic thalloid gameteophytes called
flagella. prothallus.
A
(c) The plant body of bryophytes is less (c) Majority of pteriodophytes are homosporous.
differentiated than pteriodophytes. (d) Homosporous pteridophyes show event
(d) Species of Gelidium, a moss provide peat precursor to the seed habit.
that have long been used as fuel. (e) Equisetum belongs to class lycopsida.
(e) Marchantia, is the leafy member of liverworts Choose the correct answer from options given
has tiny leaf like appendages in two rows on below :
stem like structure. (1) (a), (d) and (e) only
Choose the correct answer from options given (2) (b) and (c) only
below : (3) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only
(1) (a) and (c) only (4) (b), (c) and (d) only
(2) (b), (d) and (e) only
(3) (a), (b) and (c) only
(4) (c) only
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Pre-Medical
(a) One of the gymnosperms, the gaint red (a) Angiosperms range in size form the smallest
wood tree sequoia is one of the tallest tree Wolfia to tall tree like Eucalyptus. (Over 100
species. meter)
(b) Gymnosperms are heterosporous (b) In angiosperms embryo sac has three celled
cryptogams.
egg apparatus which includes one egg cell
(c) Gymnosperms are evolutionarily last
and two synergids.
archegoniate plant group.
(c) In angiosperms endosperm is haploid and it
(d) Pteridophytes are evolutionarily last
antheridial plant group. represents the female gametophyte.
(e) The stems are unbranched in Cycas and (d) Double fertilization event is unique to
branched in Pinus and Cedrus. gymnosperms.
Choose the correct answer from options given (e) In angiosperms zygote develops into embryo
below : and PEN develops into endosperm which
(1) (a), (b) and (d) only provides nourishment to developing embryo.
(2) (c), (d) and (e) only Choose the correct answer from options given
(3) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only below :
(4) (a), (c), (d) and (e) only (1) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only
30. Identify the correct set of statements :
EN (2) (a), (b) and (e) only
(a) Roots in some genera have fungal
(3) (b) and (e) only
association in the form of mycorrhiza (like
(4) (a), (c) and (e) only
Cycas), while in some others (like Pinus)
small specialised roots called coralloid roots
are associated with N2–fixing cyanobacteria. (a) In spirogyra sporophytic generation is
(b) In gymnosperms the multicellular female represented only by one called zygote.
gametophytes is also retained within (b) Fucus is a brown alga shows diplontic life
LL
megasporangium. cycle.
(c) In gymniosperms endoseprms represents (c) Bryophytes and pteridophytes show diplontic
female gametophyte. life cycle.
(d) Gymnosperms show anemophilous (d) Ectocarpus, polysiphonia, kelps are
pollination. haplodiplontic.
A
(e) In Cycas the pinnate leaves persist for few

(e) Gymnosperms and angiosperms show
year.
haplontic life cycle.
Choose the correct answer from options given
below :
(1) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only below :
(2) (a), (c), (d) and (e) only (1) (a), (b) and (e) only
(3) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only (2) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only
(4) (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) (3) (a), (b) and (d) only
(4) (b) and (d) only
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 4 2 1 2 3 2 3 1 4 4 1 1 4
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 4 2 4 3 1 4 4 3 4 3 1 1 2 4 3
Que. 31 32
Ans. 2 3
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Biology : Animal Diversity, Frog and Earthworm ®
Pre-Medical
ANIMAL DIVERSITY, FROG AND EARTHWORM
Statement-I : All multicellular organisms are Statement-I : Hemichordata was earlier
animals. considered as subphylum under non-chordata,
Statement-II : All of animals exhibit the same but now it is placed as a separate phylum under
pattern of organisation of cells. chordata.
In the light of the above statements, choose the Statement-II : Body of hemichordates
most appropriate answer from the options given composed of anterior proboscis, a collar and a
below: long trunk.
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. In the light of the above statements, choose the
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is most appropriate answer from the options given
below:
incorrect.
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
correct.
incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
correct.
correct.
2. Given below are two statements: (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
Statement-I : In diploblastic animals cells are correct.
arranged in two embryonic layers, an external
ectoderm and an internal endoderm.
EN
Statement-II : Coelenterates, Ctenophores and
Statement-I : In cephalochordate notochord is
persistent throughout their life.
Platyhelminthes are diploblastic phylums. Statement-II : Branchiostoma is an example of
In the light of the above statements, choose the cephalochordata
LL
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. below:

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is incorrect.
correct. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
A
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

correct.
Statement-I : The most distinct feature of
Statement-I : All chordates are vertebrates but
echinoderms is the presence of water canal
all vertebrates are not chordates.
system.
Statement-II : Sub phylum urochordata and
Statement-II : Echinodermata exhibits radial or
cephalochordate are often referred as
bilateral symmetry depending on the stage.
protochordata.
below: below:
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
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Biology : Animal Diversity, Frog and Earthworm
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : Petromyzon and Myxine both are Statement-I : Frog shows aestivation and
members of the subphylum cyclostomata. hibernation.
Statement-II : Cyclostomes have a sucking and Statement-II : The female frogs can be
circular mouth without jaws.
distinguished by the presence of sound producing
vocal sac which are absent in male frogs.
below:
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is below:
incorrect. (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
correct. incorrect.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
correct. correct.
Statement-I : The ventral surface of earthworm correct.
is distinguished by the presence of dorsal blood 11. Given below are two statements:
vessel. Which is present on ventral side.
Statement-I : In female frog the ureters and
Statement-II : The first body segment of
earthworm is called as prostomium.
EN
oviduct open seperately in the cloaca.
Statement-II : On land frogs can respire by
most appropriate answer from the options given buccal cavity, skin and lungs.
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. most appropriate answer from the options given
LL
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is below:
incorrect. (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
correct. incorrect.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
correct.
A
correct.
Statement-I : In earthworm small narrow tube,
correct.
oesophagus continues into a muscular crop and
gizzard.
(a) Frogs exhibit sexual dimorphism.
Statement-II : Typhlosole in the earthworm's
(b) Male frogs have copulatory pad on the first
intestine increases the effective surface area of
absorption. digit of the fore limbs.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (c) In male frogs the ureters and ejaculatory
most appropriate answer from the options given ducts open seperately in the cloaca.
below: (d) Frogs are ureotelic animals.
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (e) External ear is absent in frogs and only
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is tympanum can be seen externally.
incorrect. Choose the correct answer from options given
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is below :
correct. (1) a and d only (2) b, c, d and e only
(3) a, b, d and e only (4) b and c only
correct.
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Pre-Medical
(a) A mature female frog can lay 2500 to 3000 (a) Members of phylum porifera are commonly
ova at a time. known as sponges.
(b) In frogs fertilization is internal. (b) Members of phylum porifera are exclusively
(c) There are 20 pairs of cranial nerves in frog. marine.
(d) In male frog number of vasa efferentia are
(c) Asexual reproduction is absent in sponges.
10-12.
(d) Sponges have water transport system.
(e) Endocrine glands are not found in frogs.
(e) In water transport system water enters
through minute pores, these minute pores
below :
(1) a and d only known as osculum.
(2) b, c, d and e only Choose the correct answer from options given
(3) a, b, d and e only below :
(4) b and c only (1) a and d only (2) b, c, d and e only
14. Identify the correct set of statements : (3) a, b, d and e only (4) b and c only
(a) In earthworm only two types of nephridia are 17. Identify the correct set of statements :
present. (a) Spongilla is a fresh water sponge.
(b) In mature earthworm, segments 14,15,16 EN (b) Cnidarians exhibit two basic body form called
are called as clitellum. polyp and medusa.
(c) In earthworm a single female genital pore is
th
(c) Cnidarians exhibit organ level of
present in the midventral line of 14
organisation.
segment.
(d) Cnidoblast cells are present on the tentacles
(d) Earthworm exhibits open type of blood
and the body.
circulatory system.
LL
(e) In mature earthworm blood gland are absent. (e) Cnidoblasts are used for anchorage, defense
Choose the correct answer from options given and for the capture of prey.
below : Choose the correct answer from options given
(1) a and d only (2) b, c, d and e only below :
(3) a, b, d and e only (4) b and c only (1) a and d only (2) b, c, d and e only
A
15. Identify the correct set of statements : (3) a, b, d and e only (4) b and c only
(a) In open type of blood circulatory system 18. Identify the correct set of statements :
blood is circulated through a series of vessels (a) Pennatula and Gorgonia are commonly
of varying diameters. known as sea-pen and sea-fan respectively.
(b) Aschelminthes animals are pseudocoelomate.
(b) Corals belongs to phylum coelenterata.
(c) When any plane passing through the central
(c) Hydra, Auralia, obelia and Meandrina all are
axis of the body divides the animal into two
example of phylum ctenophora.
identical halves, it is called radial symmetry.
(d) Polyp is a sessile and cylindrical form.
(d) Platyhelminthes to chordates are triploblastic
animals. (e) Medusa is a umbrella-shaped and free
(e) Coelenterates, ctenophores have radial swimming form.
symmetry. Choose the correct answer from options given
Choose the correct answer from options given below :
below : (1) a and d only (2) b, c, d and e only
(1) a and d only (2) b, c, d and e only (3) a, b, d and e only (4) b and c only
11
®

Biology : Animal Diversity, Frog and Earthworm
Pre-Medical
19. Identify the correct set of statements : 22. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
(a) Comb plates of ctenophores are internally as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
present and they helps in digestion of food. Reason(R) .
(b) Ctenophores are exclusively marine Assertion (A) : Development of earthworm is
organisms. direct.
(c) Asexual reproduction is absent in Reason (R) : In earthworm larval stage is
ctenophores. absent.
(d) In round worms flame cells help in In the light of the above statements, choose the
osmoregulation and excretion. correct answer from the options given below :
(e) Taenia, Fasciola, Ascaris and Wuchereria all (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not
belong to same phylum. correct explanation of (A).
below :
(1) a and d only (2) b, c, d and e only
23. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
(a) Mollusca is a second largest phylum.
(b) In cartilagenons fishes skin is tough and
contains minute placoid scales.
EN Reason(R) .
Assertion (A) : The alimentary canal of frog is
short.
(c) Birds are poikilothermic animals.
Reason (R) : Frogs are herbivores animals.
(d) In osteichthyes, airbladder is present which In the light of the above statements, choose the
regulate buoyancy. correct answer from the options given below :
LL
(e) Pneumatic bones are present in birds. (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not
Choose the correct answer from options given correct explanation of (A).
below : (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(1) a and d only (2) b, c, d and e only (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
(3) a, b, d and e only (4) b and c only (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
A
21. Given below are two statements; one is labelled correct explanation of (A).
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as 24. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
Reason(R) .
Reason(R) .
Assertion (A) : In earthworm testes and ovaries
Assertion (A) : Sponges are primitive
are present in the same individual.
multicellular animals.
Reason (R) : Earthworm is a hermaphrodite
Reason (R) : Sponges are mostly asymmetrical
animal.
animals.
correct answer from the options given below : correct answer from the options given below :
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not
12

Pre-Medical
25. Given below are two statements; one is labelled In the light of the above statements, choose the
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as correct answer from the options given below :
Reason(R) . (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not
Assertion (A) : Hydra and Auralia are classified correct explanation of (A).
as coelenterate. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
Reason (R) : Hydra and Auralia have cnidoblast (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
cells.
correct answer from the options given below :
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
correct explanation of (A). Reason(R) .
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. Assertion (A) : Arthropods are bilaterally
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. symmetrical animals.
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the Reason (R) : Body of arthropod animals can be
correct explanation of (A). divided into identical left and right halves in only
26. Given below are two statements; one is labelled one plane.
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as In the light of the above statements, choose the
Reason(R) . correct answer from the options given below :
Assertion (A) : Members of phylum ctenophora
EN (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not
are also called as comb jellies. correct explanation of (A).
Reason (R) : Body of ctenophores is delicate (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
and have internal row of comb plates.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not
LL
correct explanation of (A). as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. Reason(R) .
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. Assertion (A) : Members of phylum mollusca
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the have segmented body.
correct explanation of (A). Reason (R) : The body of molluscs is divided
A
27. Given below are two statements; one is labelled into head, muscular foot and visceral hump.
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as In the light of the above statements, choose the
Reason(R). correct answer from the options given below :
Assertion (A) : Water vascular system helps in (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is the not
locomotion, capture and transport of food and correct explanation of (A).
respiration. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
Reason (R) : The presence of water vascular (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
system is most unique feature of porifera.
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 2 3 3 4 3 3 1 3 2 4 3 1 4 2
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
Ans. 1 3 3 4 3 4 4 2 1 4 2 2 4 3
13
®

Biology : Morphology of flowering plant
Pre-Medical
MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANT
Statement-I : In some plants, like grass, Statement-I : Micropyle is a scar on the seed
monstera and banyan roots arise from radicle. coat through which the developing seeds are
Statement-II : Epidermal cells of region of attached to the fruit, above the micropyle is a
elongation in root form very fine and delicate, small pore called the hilum.
thread like structures called root hairs. Statement-II : Opposite phyllotaxy is found in
In the light of the above statements, choose the calotropis and whorled phyllotaxy is found in
most appropriate answer from the options given Alstonia.
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are most appropriate answer from the options given
correct. below:
(2) Both Statement-I and statement-II are (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
incorrect. correct.
EN (2) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is (3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is
correct. incorrect.
2. Given below are two statements: (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
Statement-I : Underground stems of some correct.
LL
plants such as grass and strawberry etc., spread 4. Given below are two statements:
to new niches and when older parts die new Statement-I : Superior ovary is found in
plants are formed. mustard, china rose, brinjal and inferior ovary is
Statement-II : In Pistia and Eichhornia the found in guava, ray florets of sunflower.
A
lateral branches originate from the basal and Statement-II : Mustard, datura, chilli have
underground portion of the main stem, grows actinomorphic flowers and canna has asymmetric
horizontally beneath the soil and the come out flower.
obliquely upward giving rise to leafy shoots. In the light of the above statements, choose the
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given
most appropriate answer from the options given below:
below: (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
(2) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are incorrect.
incorrect. (4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
(4) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is correct.
correct.
14

Biology : Morphology of flowering plant ®
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : Epipetalous androecium is found as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
in belladonna, ashwagandha. Reason (R).
Statement-II : Epitepalous androcium is found
Assertion (A) : In some plants such as
in sesbania, Trifolium.
Australian acacia, the leaves are small and short
lived.
Reason (R) : Leaves of certain insectivorous
below:
plants such as pitcher plant, are also modified
correct. into pitcher.
(2) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are In the light of the above statements, choose the
incorrect. most appropriate answer from the options

(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is given below :
incorrect. (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(4) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is correct explanation of (A).
6.
correct.
EN
Given below are two statements: one is labelled
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
Reason (R). correct explanation of (A).
Assertion (A) : The zone, proximal to region of 8. Given below are two statements: one is labelled
LL
elongation in root, is called the region of as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
maturation. Reason (R).
Reason (R) : The cells of elongation zone Assertion (A) : Cymose type of inflorescence
gradually differentiate and mature and form peduncle shows limited growth.
A
region of maturation. Reason (R) : In cymose type of inflorescence

the main axis terminates into a flower.
most appropriate answer from the options
given below : most appropriate answer from the options
given below :
15
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
Biology : Morphology of flowering plant
Pre-Medical
9. Given below are two statements: one is labelled 11. Identify the correct set of statements :
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (a) Ovary is half inferior in plum, rose, peach.
Reason (R). (b) If the margins of sepals and petals overlap

one another but not in a particular direction
Assertion (A) : In mustard, chinarose and
as in cassia and gulmohar, the aestivation is
brinjal ovary is said to be superior.
called imbricate.
Reason (R) : Gynoecium is situated in the
(c) A sterile stamen is called staminate.
centre and other parts of flowers are located on (d) In Dianthus and Primrose the placentation is
the rim of thalamus almost at the same level. parietal.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (e) In mango and coconut fruit is known as
most appropriate answer from the options legume.
given below : Choose the correct answer from options given
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the below :
(2) (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
(3) (b), (c), (d) only
EN 12.
(4) (a) and (e) only
Identify the correct set of statements :
(a) In plants such as bean, gram and pea, the
endosperm is present in mature seeds and
(a) In Rhizophora pneumatophores help to get such seeds are called endospermous.
LL
oxygen for respiration. (b) Embryo in monocot seed consists of one

(b) The region of stem where leaves are borne large and shield shaped cotyledon known as
are called internodes. epiblast and a short axis with plumule and a
(c) In plants like mint and jasmine a slender radicle.
A
lateral branch arises from the base of the (c) The fruit in muliathi is legume and seed is
main axis and after growing aerially for some endospermic.
time arch downwards to touch the ground. (d) Diadelphous androecium is the feature of
(d) In pinnately compound leaf, the leaflets are brassicaceae family.
attached at a common point, i.e. at the tip of (e) After fertilization ovules develop into fruit
petiole, as in silk cotton. and ovary matures into seeds.
(e) In racemose type of inflorescence the main Choose the correct answer from options given
axis continues to grow, the flowers are borne below :
in an acropetal succession. (1) All are correct
Choose the correct answer from options given (2) All are incorrect
below : (3) (a), (c), (d) are correct
(1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b), (c), (d) only (4) only (c) is incorrect
(3) (b), (d) and (e) only (4) (a), (c) and (e) only
16

Biology : Morphology of flowering plant ®
Pre-Medical
(a) Lupin, sweet pea are the medicinal plants
belong to solanaceae family.
(b) Br⊕ P(3+3) A3+3 G (2) is the floral formula
of Liliaceae family.
(c) Petunia is an ornamental plant belongs to
solanaceae family.
(d) Epipetalous androecium is found in liliaceae
and epitepalous androecium is found in
solanaceae.
(e) % K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 G1 is the floral formula
of fabaceae family.
Choose the correct answer from options given EN

below :
(1) (a), (b) and (d) only
(2) (c), (d) and (e) only
(3) (c) and (e) only
(4) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Ans. 2 3 4 1 3 4 1 4 2 4 1 2 3
17
®

Biology : Plant Anatomy
Pre-Medical
PLANT ANATOMY
Statement-I : During the formation of leaves Statement-I : In roots the arrangement of
and elongation of stems, some cells left behind primary xylem is endarch and in stem it is
from shoot apical meristem, constitute the exarch.
axillary bud. Statement-II : A mature sieve element
Statement-II : Fascicular vascular cambium, possesses a peripheral cytoplasm and a large
inter fascicular cambium and cork cambium are vacuole and a nucleus.
examples of lateral meristems. In the light of the above statements, choose the
(2) Both Statement-I and statement-II
EN are incorrect.
correct. 4. Given below are two statements:
LL
2. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In grasses, certain adaxial
Statement-I : Collenchyma occurs in layers epidermal cells along with the veins modify
below the epidermis in most of the themselves into large empty, colourless cells.
monocotyledonous plants. These are called bulliform cells.
A
Statement-II : Sclereids are found in the fruit Statement-II : All tissues on the outerside of
walls of nuts, pulp of fruits like guava, pear and endodermis such as pericycle, vascular bundles
sapota, seed coats of legumes and leaves of tea. and pith constitute the stele.
below: below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
18

Biology : Plant Anatomy ®
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : In isobilateral leaf there is no as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
differentiation into palisade and spongy Reason (R).
parenchyma.
Assertion (A) : The companion cells help in
Statement-II : The spring wood is darker in
maintaining pressure gradient in sieve tubes.
colour and has a lower density whereas the
Reason (R) : The sieve tube elements and
autumn wood is lighter and has a higher density.
companion cells are connected by pit fields
most appropriate answer from the options given present between their common longitudinal
below: walls.
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are In the light of the above statements, choose the
correct. most appropriate answer from the options

(2) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are given below :
incorrect. (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(3) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is correct explanation of (A).
incorrect.
EN
(4) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is
correct.
LL
Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : In roots the arrangement of
Reason (R).
primary xylem is exarch.
Assertion (A) : In dicot stems, vascular bundles
Reason (R) : In roots, the protoxylem lies
are said to be open.
A
towards the centre (pith) and the metaxylem lies

Reason (R) : In dicot stems cambium is present
towards the primary of the organ.
between phloem and xylem.
given below :
given below :
19
®

Biology : Plant Anatomy
Pre-Medical
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (a) Phloem in angiosperms is composed of sieve
tube elements, companion cells, phloem
Reason (R).
parenchyma and phloem fibres.
Assertion (A) : The amount of secondary
(b) Phloem parenchyma is made up of
phloem produced is more than secondary xylem elongated, tapering cylindrical cells which
and soon forms a compact mass during have dense cytoplasm and nucleus.
secondary growth in dicot stems. (c) Phloem fibres are generally absent in
Reason (R) : The cambium in dicot stems is secondary phloem but present in primary
generally more active on the inner side than on phloem.

(d) Xylem fibres of jute, flax and hemp are used
the outer.
commercially.
(e) The stomatal pore, guard cells and the
most appropriate answer from the options surrounding subsidiary cells are together
given below : called stomatal aperture.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the Choose the correct answer from options given
correct explanation of (A). below :
EN (1) (a) and (b) only
(2) (c), (d) and (e) only
(3) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only
(a) The tangential as well as radial walls of the
LL
(a) Both apical meristems and intercalary endodermal cells have a deposition of water
meristems are primary meristems because impermeable, waxy material lignin in the
they appear early in life of a plant and form of casparian strip.
contribute to the formation of the primary (b) In dicotyledonous roots there are usually two
to four xylem and phloem patches.
A
plant body.
(c) In monocot stem the cells of the endodermis
(b) Parenchyma consists of cells which are much
are rich in starch grains and the layer is also
thickened at the corners due to a deposition
referred to as the starch sheath.
of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin.
(d) In dicot leaves, certain adaxial epidermal cells
(c) The sclerenchyma performs various functions
along the veins modify themselves into large,
like photosynthesis, storage, secretion. empty, colourless cells. These are called
(d) The sclerenchymatous fibres are thick walled, bulliform cells.
elongated and pointed cells, generally (e) The activity of cambium is under control of
occurring in group, in various parts of the many physiological and environmental
plant. factors.
(e) Tracheids are living cells with protoplasm.
below :
(1) (a) only
below :
(2) (b) and (e) only
(1) (a), (b) and (d) only (2) (a) and (d) only
(3) (a), (b) and (e) only
(3) (b), (c) and (e) only (4) (b), (c) and (d) only (4) (a), (c) and (d) only
20

Biology : Plant Anatomy ®
Pre-Medical
(a) The cork is impervious to water due to water
due to suberin deposition in the cell wall.
(b) Lenticles permit exchange of gases between
the outer atmosphere and the internal tissue
of the stem. These occur in most herbaceous
plants.
(c) Sapwood does not conduct water but it gives
mechanical support to the stem.
(d) In dicot root, the vascular cambium is
completely secondary in origin.
(e) Bark is a non-technical term that refers to all
tissues inner to the vascular cambium.
below :
(1) (a), (c) and (d) only
(2) (b), (c) and (e) only
(3) (a) only
EN
(4) (a) and (d) only
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Ans. 1 4 2 3 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 4
21
®

Biology : Animal Tissue
Pre-Medical
ANIMAL TISSUE
1. Given below are two statements – In the light of the above statements, choose the
Statement I : Tissues are organised in specific correct answer from the option given below.
(1) Both statement – I and statement – II are
proportion and pattern to form organ.
incorrect.
Statement II : Epithelia are sheet like tissues (2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is
lining the body's surface and its cavities, ducts incorrect.
and tubes. (3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is
In the light of above statements, choose the correct.
correct answer from the option given below.
correct.
4. Given below are two statements –
incorrect.
Statement I : Adipose tissue serves as a support
(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is
framework for epithelium.
incorrect. Statement II : In all connective tissue except
(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is blood the cells secrete fibres of structural proteins
correct. called collagen or elastin.
correct.
EN
(4) Both statement – I and statement – II are In the light of the above statements, choose the
incorrect.
Statement I : Neuroglia make up more than (2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is
one half the volume of neural tissue in our body. incorrect.
LL
Statement II : The bone marrow in all bones is (3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is
correct.
the site of production of blood cells.
correct.
correct answer from the option given below. 5. Given below are two statements. One is labelled as
A
(1) Both statement – I and statement – II are Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason
incorrect. (R).
(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is Assertion(A) : Some of the columnar or
incorrect. cuboidal cells get specialised for secretion.
(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is Reason (R) : Columnar epithelium is commonly
found in duct of glands and tubular part of
correct.
nephron in kidneys.
correct. correct answer from the option given below.
3. Given below are two statements – (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
Statement I : Bones have a solid and pliable correct explanation of (A).
ground substances rich in calcium salts and
collagen fibre.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
Statement II : Most of cartilages in vertebrate correct explanation of (A)
embryos are replaced by bone in adults.
22

Biology : Animal Tissue ®
Pre-Medical
6. Given below are two statements. One is labelled as 8. Identify the correct set of statements.
Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (a) Loose connective tissue has cells and fibres
compactly arranged in a semi-fluid ground
(R). substance.
Assertion(A) : Simple squamous epithelium (b) Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones.
(c) Chondrocytes are enclosed in small cavities
involves in function like forming a diffusion within the matrix.
boundary. (d) All cells in epithelium are held together with
Reason (R) : Simple squamous epithelium is the little intercellular material.
Choose the correct answer from the options
made of a single thin layer of flattened cells. given below.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (1) (a) and (b) only (2) (a) and (d) only
(3) (a), (b) and (c) only (4) (b), (c) and (d) only
9. Read the following statements carefully:
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the (a) Cuboidal epithelium is commonly found in
correct explanation of (A). duct of glands and tubular part of nephron.
(b) Ciliated epithelium is found in inner lining of
stomach and intestine.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (c) Simple columnar epithelium is composed of
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the a single layer of tall and slender cells.
EN (d) Squamous epithelium is found in inner
correct explanation of (A) surface of bronchioles and fallopian tube.
7. Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Choose an option from the options given below
having incorrect statements only.
Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason
(1) (a) and (c) only (2) (b) and (d) only
(R). (3) (b), (c) and (d) (4) (a), (b) and (c)
Assertion(A) : Compound epithelium has a 10. Identify correct set of statements.
(a) In nearly all animal tissues specialised
LL
limited role in secretion and absorption. junction provide both structural and
Reason (R) : Compound epithelium is functional links between its individual cells.
(b) Gap junctions help to stop substances from
multilayered and it’s main function is to provide
leaking across a tissue.
protection against chemical and mechanical (c) Tight junctions perform connecting the
stress. cytoplasm to keep neighbouring cells
A
together.
(d) Epithelium tissue are most abundant and widely
correct answer from the option given below. distributed in the body of complex animals.
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the Choose the correct answer from the options
given below.
correct explanation of (A). (1) (a) and (d) only (2) (b) and (c) only
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (a) only (4) (a), (c) and (d) only
correct explanation of (A)
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 4 2 3 3 2 4 4 4 2 3
23
®

Biology :
Pre-Medical
COCKROACH
1. Assertion (A) : If the head of cockroach is cut 4. Consider the given statements about Periplaneta
off, it will remain alive for as long as one week. and select the option as correct and incorrect :-
Reason (R): The head of cockroach hold only a I. Blood vascular system is of open type.
bit of nervous system. II. Malpighian tubules help in the removal of
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct excretory product from the haemolymph.
explanation of (A) III. They bear no eyes.
(2) Both (A) and (B) are true, but (R) is not the IV. Females bear mushroom glands and males
correct explanation of A bear collaterial glands.
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false (1) I correct and II, III and IV are incorrect.
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true (2) I and II are incorrect, but II and IV are correct
2. Assertion (A) : Eggs of cockroach are encased (3) I and II are correct, but III and IV are incorrect
in capsules called ootheca (4) I, II, III and IV are incorrect
Reason (R): Ootheca is a dark reddish to 5. Read the following statements about cockroach :
Statement-I : In male cockroach, a
blackish brown capsule.
characteristic mushroom shaped gland is present
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct in the 6th-7th abdominal segments. Which
explanation of (A) functions as an accessory reproductive gland.
(2) Both (A) and (B) are true, but (R) is not the
EN Statement-II : Blood from sinuses enter heart
correct explanation of A through ostia and is pumped anteriorly to sinuses
again.
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true given below :
3. Select the incorrect statements about the hind (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
wings of cockroach :-
incorrect.
I. These are broad. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
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II. They are not used in flying correct.

III. They are also known as mesothoracic wings (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct.
IV. They are transparent and membranous
(1) Only I
Statement-I : In cockroach the haemolymph is
(2) II and III composed of colourless plasma and haemocytes.
A
(3) I and IV Statement-II : In female cockroach each ovary

(4) I, II, III and IV is formed of a group of ten ovarian tubules or
ovarioles, containing a chain of developing ova.
Choose the correct answer from the option given
below :-
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
incorrect.
correct.
correct.
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Ans. 1 2 2 3 4 2
24

Biology : Cell Biology ®
Pre-Medical
CELL BIOLOGY
Statement-I : Ribosomes are known as correct.
organelle within organelle. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
Statement-II : Peroxisomes degrade H2O2 into incorrect.
H2O and O2 with the help of catalase enzyme. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct.
most appropriate answer from the options given (4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
below: 4. Given below are two statements:
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are Statement-I : Chloroplast is double
correct. membranous structure.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is Statement-II : Inner membrane of chloroplast
incorrect.
is more permeable.
correct.
EN below:
Statement-I : Nucleus is called to be controller
correct.
or director of cell.
Statement-II : Golgi complex is endosymbiont
incorrect.
in origin.
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correct.
below:
A
Statement-I : Periplasmic space in bacteria

correct.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is contain enzyme similar to lysosome.
incorrect. Statement-II : Heterophagosomes are formed
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is by fusion of primary lysosome and phagosome.
correct. In the light of the above statements, choose the
(4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. most appropriate answer from the options given
3. Given below are two statements: below:
Statement-I : Oxidative phosphorylation take (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
place in mitochondria. correct.
Statement-II : Calvin cycle take place in (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
chloroplast. incorrect.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
most appropriate answer from the options given correct.
below: (4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
25
®

Biology : Cell Biology
Pre-Medical
6. Given below are two statements: In the light of the above statements, choose the
Statement-I : Membrane of lysosome is known most appropriate answer from the options
given below :
as tonoplast.
(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
Statement-II : Contractile vacuole helps in
osmoregulation.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the
below:
correct.
Reason(R) .
incorrect. Assertion (A) : Fluid mosaic model is most
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is widely accepted model of plasma membrane.
correct. Reason (R) : It states that protein icebergs are
(4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. present in mosaic pattern in the sea of glycolipid.
EN In the light of the above statements, choose the
Statement-I : Mitochondria and chloroplasts given below :
are called semi autonomous cell organelles. (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
Statement-II : Golgi complex is called suicidal correct explanation of (A).
bag of cell. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

LL
In the light of the above statements, choose the (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
most appropriate answer from the options given (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the
below: correct explanation of (A).
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are 10. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
correct. as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
A
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is Reason(R) .

Assertion (A) : Replication of DNA during cell
incorrect.
division occur in s-phage of interphase.
Reason (R) : Histone proteins are synthesized
correct. during G1 phase of interphase.
(4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. In the light of the above statements, choose the
8. Given below are two statements; one is labelled most appropriate answer from the options
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as given below :
Reason(R) .
Assertion (A) : Middle lamellae is like correct explanation of (A).
cementing material between two adjacent plant (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
cells.
Reason (R) : Plasmodesmata traverse cell wall
and middle lamellae.
26

Biology : Cell Biology ®
Pre-Medical
11. Given below are two statements; one is labelled (1) all a, b, c & d are correct
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (2) b, c and d are correct
Reason(R) . (3) only c and d are correct
Assertion (A) : Mitotic divisions are called
(4) a, c and d are correct
equational division.
14. Identify for correct set of statements from
Reason (R) : When the number of
chromosomes are equal in both parent and followings.
daughter cell, it is called equational division. (a) In meiosis-I, division of chromosomes take
place.
(b) Usually meiosis-I is called reduction division
given below :
(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the (c) Meiosis occur in those cells which take part
correct explanation of (A). in gametogenesis.

(d) The gap between meiosis-I and meiosis-II is
called interkinesis
Choose the correct answer from the given
options below.
(1) a, b, c & d (2) b, c & d
12.
Reason(R) .
EN
Given below are two statements; one is labelled
15.
(3) only c and d (4) only d
Identify for correct set of statements regarding
Assertion (A) : Cytoplasmic division in animals phases of cell cycle.
occur by constriction and furrow formation. (a) Interphase is known as resting phase
Reason (R) : Cytokinesis in animals occur in
(b) During interphase, cell prepares itself for cell
LL
centripetal order.
In the light of the above statements, choose the divisions by cell growth
most appropriate answer from the options (c) In M phase, both karyokinesis and
given below : cytokinesis occur
(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the (d) In cytokinesis, nucleus is divided
A
correct explanation of (A). Choose the correct answer from the given
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct options below.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (1) a, b, c and d (2) b, c & d
(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the (3) a, b & d (4) a, b & c
correct explanation of (A). 16. Identify the correct set of answer for meiosis -
13. Identify for correct set of statements for (a) It involves two sequential cycles of nuclear
endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasm division called as meiosis-I and
meiosis-II
(a) ER is known as system of membranes (b) It involves two cycles of DNA replication
(b) It has cis-trans face (c) It involves recombination and crossing over
(c) Ribosomes are present on the surface of RER (d) Four haploid cells are formed after
completion of meiotic division from one
(d) SER are the sites of synthesis of lipids and diploid parent cell.
cholesterols Choose the correct answer from the given
options below.
Choose the correct answer from the given
(1) a, c & d (2) a, b & d
options below.
(3) a, b & c (4) all a, b, c & d
27
®

Biology : Cell Biology
Pre-Medical
17. Identify the correct set of statements out of 18. Identify the correct set of statements out of
followings regarding to prophase-I followings :-
(a) Longest chromosomes are seen in leptotene (a) Maximum arm ratio exhibited by acrocentric
(b) Zygotene is also called bouquet stage chromosomes
(c) Synaptonemal complex is formed between (b) Human cells (2n) has two genomes and each
homologous chromosomes genome consists fourty six chromosomes
(d) Recombinase enzyme is necessary for (c) Nucleolar organizer regions are not present
recobination process on each human chromosomes
(e) Nucleolous becomes disappear in diakinesis (d) Secondary constriction is present at the place
Choose the correct answer from the given of centromere
options below. (e) Each centromere posses two protein discs
(1) a, b, c & e (2) a, c, d & e called kinetochores
(3) only a & d (4) b, c, d & e Choose the correct answer from the given
options below.
(1) b, c, d & e
(2) a, b, c & d
EN (3) a, c & e
(4) a, b & c
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 2 1 2 1 3 2 1 2 2 4 1 4 2 4
Que. 16 17 18
Ans. 1 2 3
28

Biology : Biomolecules ®
Pre-Medical
BIOMOLECULES
1. Given below are two statements: 3. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
Statement-I : The compounds made up of as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
C,H and O have H : O = 2 : 1 are called Reason(R) .
hydrates of carbon. Assertion (A) : The lipids obtained from
Statement-II : Complex carbohydrates are very animals contain more quantity of saturated fatty
sweet in taste. acids.
In the light of the above statements, choose the Reason (R) : The lipids obtained from plants
most appropriate answer from the options given contain more quantity of unsaturated fatty acids.
(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. most appropriate answer from the options
given below :
incorrect.
EN correct explanation of (A).
correct.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
incorrect.
Statement-I : Acetone dihydroxy is a type of 4. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
LL
triose sugar. as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Statement-II : Glycogen is animal starch which
Reason(R) .
is a polymer of α-D glucose.
Assertion (A) : Cholesterol is a type of derived
A
lipids.
Reason (R) : Cholesterol is abundantly present
below:
is brain, nervous tissue, adrenal gland and skin.
(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.
incorrect.
given below :
correct.
incorrect.
29
®

Biology : Biomolecules
Pre-Medical
followings : followings :
(a) C, H, O and N are present in proteins (a) Primary structure of protein is like a long
(b) Proteins are hetero polymers of amino acids straight chain
(c) Glycine and serine are essential amino acids (b) Secondary structure of protein looks like
(d) Histidine is alkaline and glutamine is acidic in zig-zag
nature. (c) Tertiary structure of protein are insoluble in
Choose the correct answer from the given water
options below (d) Maximum proteins present in protoplasm
(1) a, b, c and d (2) b, c and d show secondary structure
(3) a, c and d (4) a, b and d Choose the correct answer from the given
options below :
(1) a, b and d (2) only a and b
(3) b, c and d (4) a, b, c and d all
EN
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Ans. 2 1 1 1 4 2
30

Biology : Plant Physiology ®
Pre-Medical
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
Statement-I : Over small distances substances Statement-I : The concentration of the
move by diffusion and by cytoplasmic streaming essential element above which plant growth is
supplemented by active transport. retarded is termed as critical concentration.
Statement-II : Transport over longer distance Statement-II : Chlorosis is the loss of
proceeds through the vascular system and is chlorophyll leading to yellowing in leaves.
called translocation. In the light of the above statements, choose the
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is incorrect.
2. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : In the first phase, an initial rapid
Statement-I : The porins are proteins that form
EN uptake of ions into the free space or outer space
large pores in the inner membrane of the of cells, the apoplast is passive.
plastids, mitochondria and some bacteria. Statement-II : Mineral salts are translocated
Statement-II : Diffusion is a rapid process and through xylem along with the ascending stream
dependent on a living system. of water.
below: below:
LL
correct. correct.
A
correct. correct.
Statement-I : The immediate cause of the Statement-I : The NADP reductase enzyme is
opening or closing of stomata is a change in the located on the lumen side of thylakoid
turgidity of the guard cells. membrane.
Statement-II : Usually the upper surface of a Statement-II : The ATP synthase enzyme
dorsiventral leaf has a greater number of consist of two parts : one called the CF0 and the
stomata. other portion is called CF1.
below: below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
31
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
Biology : Plant Physiology
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : The particularly large cells around Statement-I : The TCA cycle starts with the
the vascular bundles of the C4 plants are called condensation of pyruvic acid with oxaloacetic
bundle sheath cells. acid and water to yield citric acid.
Statement-II : C4 plants lack a process called Statement-II : TCA cycle occurs in the inner
photorespiration. mitochondrial membrane.
below: below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
Statement-I : C3 plants respond to higher CO2 Statement-I : Plant growth is unique because
concentration by showing increased rates of plants retain the capacity for unlimited growth
photosynthesis leading to higher productivity. throughout their life.
Statement-II : C4 plants respond to lower
EN Statement-II : Growth, at a cellular level, is
temperature and show higher rate of principally a consequence of increase in the
photosynthesis. amount of protoplasm.
below: below:
LL
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
A
Statement-I : In anaerobic organism, glycolysis Statement-I : One single maize root apical
is the only process in respiration. meristem can give rise to more than 17,500 new
Statement-II : In glycolysis, glucose undergoes cell per day.
complete oxidation to form two molecules of Statement-II : Cells in watermelon may
pyruvic acid. increase in size by upto 3,50,000 times.
below: below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
32
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Pre-Medical
13. Given below are two statements; one is labelled 15. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
Reason(R) . Reason(R) .
Assertion (A) : Imbibition is also diffusion since Assertion (A) : In PSI, the reaction centre
water movement is along a concentration chloroplyll a has an absorption peak at 700 nm,
gradient. hence is called P700.
Reason (R) : Water potential gradient between Reason (R) : In PSII it has absorption maxima
absorbent and the liquid imbibed is not essential at 680 nm and is called P680.
for imbibition. In the light of the above statements, choose the
correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
correct explanation of (A). 16. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
14. Given below are two statements; one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
LL
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

Reason(R) . Assertion (A) : In C4 plants photorespiration
Assertion (A) : Root pressure do not play a does not occur.
major role in water movement up tall trees. Reason (R) : C4 plants have a mechanism that
A
Reason (R) : Root pressure, at best only increase the concentration of CO2 at the enzyme
provide a modest push in the overall process of site.
water transport. In the light of the above statements, choose the
correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
33
®

Pre-Medical
Assertion (A) : The enzyme nitrogenase is Assertion (A) : It would be better to consider
highly sensitive to the molecular oxygen. the respiratory pathway as an amphibolic
Reason (R) : The nodules have adaptations that pathway.
ensure that the nitrogenase enzyme is protected Reason (R) : The respiratory pathway is
from oxygen. involved in both anabolism and catabolism.
LL
Assertion (A) : The respiratory quotient Assertion (A) : Development is a term that
depends upon the type of respiratory substrate includes all changes that an organism goes
used during respiration. through during its life cycle.
A
Reason (R) : When carbohydrates are used as Reason (R) : Plants follow different pathways in
substrate and are completely oxidised, the RQ response to environment or phases of life to
will be 1. form different kinds of structure.
34

Pre-Medical
21. Given below are two statements; one is labelled 23. Identify the correct set of statements :
(a) If a pressure greater than atmospheric
pressure is applied to pure water or a
Reason(R) . solution, its water potential decreases.
Assertion (A) : Vernalisation refers specially (b) If the external solution balances the osmotic
pressure of the cytoplasm, it is said to be
to the promotion of flowering by a period of high hypotonic.
temperature. (c) Water, minerals and food are generally
moved by a bulk flow.
Reason (R) : Vernalisation prevents precocious
(d) The symplastic system is the system of inter
reproductive development late in the growing connected protoplasts.
season. Choose the correct answer from options given
below :
(1) a and b only (2) c and d only
most appropriate answer from the options (3) b, c and d only (4) a, b, c and d all
given below : 24. Identify the correct set of statements :
(a) Plant absorb calcium from the soil in the
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the +2
form of calcium ions (Ca ).
correct explanation of (A). (b) Any mineral ion concentration in tissues that
EN reduces the dry weight of tissues by 20% is
considered toxic.
(c) Necrosis or death of tissue is due to
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the deficiency of Ca, Mg, Cu, K.
correct explanation of (A). (d) The essential element must not be directly
involved in the metabolism of the plant.
LL
(a) Diffusion rates are affected by the gradient of below :

concentration. (1) a and b only (2) c and d only
(b) Water channels are made up of four different (3) a and c only (4) b and d only
types of aquaporins.
(a) Increases in incident light beyond a point
A
(c) Active transport is carried out by specific cause the breakdown of chloroplyll and a
membrane proteins. decrease in photosynthesis.
(d) The water potential of pure water at standard (b) The primary CO2 acceptor in C4 plants is a
3-C molecule phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP)
temperature, which is not under any pressure
and is present in bundle sheath cells.
is taken to be zero. (c) To make one molecule of glucose, 6 turns of
Choose the correct answer from options given calvin cycle are required.
below : (d) The regeneration step require two ATP for
phosphorylation to form RuBP.
(1) a , c and d only (2) b, c and d only
(3) a, b and d only (4) a, b and c only below :
(1) a, b and c only (2) a and c only
(3) b and d only (4) a, b, c and d all
35
®

Pre-Medical
(a) There is very little transport of gases form
(a) Auxins helps to prevent fruits and leaf drop
one plant part to another.
(b) The complete oxidation of glucose produces at early stages but promote the abscission of
CO2 and H2O as end products.
older mature leaves and fruits.
(c) Yeast poison themselves to death when the
concentration of alcohol reaches about 13 (b) 2, 4-D widely used to kill monocotyledonous
percent.
+ weeds, does not affect mature dicotyledonous
(d) NADH is oxidised to NAD rather slowly in
fermentation, however the reaction is very plants.
vigorous in case of aerobic respiration.
(c) GA3 is used to speed up the malting process
below : in brewing industry.
(1) a, b and c only (2) b, c and d only
(d) Spraying sugarcane crop gibberellins increase
(3) a, c and d only (4) a, b, c and d
27. Identify the correct set of statements : the length of the stem.
(a) The compounds that are oxidised during Choose the correct answer from options given
respiration are known as respiratory
substrates. below :
(b) In fermentation, say by yeast, the incomplete (1) a, b and c only (2) a, c and d only
oxidation of glucose is achieved under
anaerobic conditions by sets of reactions (3) b, c and d only (4) a, b and d only
where pyruvic acid is converted to ethanol &
CO2.
succinic acid, a molecule of GTP is

EN
(c) During the conversion of succinyl CoA to (a) Cytokinins
dominance.
helps to promote apical
synthesised.
(d) Citric acid is the first member of TCA cycle. (b) Ethylene is synthesised in large amounts by
below : tissues undergoing senescence and ripening
(1) a, c and d only (2) a, b and c only fruit.
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(3) b, c and d only (4) c and d only

(c) ABA plays and important role in seed
(a) A sigmoid curve is a characteristic of living development, maturation and dormancy.
organisms growing in a natural environment.
(d) Seed dormancy is when seeds fails to
(b) Differentiated cells can regain the capacity to
divide is termed as dedifferentiation. germinate even with external conditions are
A
(c) The plant growth regulators are small simple

favourable.
molecules of diverse chemical composition.
(d) Auxin was isolated by F.W. Went from tips of Choose the correct answer from options given
coleoptiles of oat seedlings.
below :
below : (1) a, b and c only (2) b, c and d only
(1) a, b and c only (2) b, c and d only
(3) a, c and d only (4) a, b and d only
(3) a, c and d only (4) a, b, c and d
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 4 1 2 3 4 3 4 2 2 1 4 3 2 4 1
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 4 1 1 4 1 3 1 2 3 2 4 2 4 2 2
36

Biology : Digestion & Absorption ®
Pre-Medical
DIGESTION & ABSORPTION
1. Which of the following statement is not incorrect 4. Read the following statements and choose the
(a) Human digestive system consists of alimentary correct option -
canal only (a) In gastric glands parietal cells secret
(b) Oral cavity has a number of teeth & muscular proenzyme pepsinogen
tongue (b) Stomach stores food for 7-8 hours & mixes
(c) Mouth leads to pharynx food with acidic gastric juice
(d) Humans have incomplete alimentary canal (c) Rennin is a proteolytic enzyme found in
(1) a & b (2) b & c gastric juice of infants as well as adults
(3) b only (4) a, b and c (d) Mucus neck cells in stomach secret mucus &
HCl
(1) a & b correct, c & d incorrect
Statement-I : Glucose, amino acids and Na are
+
(2) c and d correct, a & b incorrect

absorbed from intestine into blood by active
(3) only b is correct, a, c, d incorrect
transport. (4) all are incorrect
Statement-II : Absorption of glucose & amino 5. Read the following statements and choose the
acids never occurs by simple diffusion. correct option -
EN (a) Liver is largest gland, situated in abdominal
most appropriate answer from the options given cavity just below the stomach
below: (b) Structural & functional unit of liver is hepatic
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. lobule
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (c) In human, bile duct and pancreatic duct open
incorrect. separately in the duodenum
(3) Both Statement-I and II both are correct. (d) Each hepatic lobule is covered by a thin
LL
(4) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is connective tissue sheath called the Glisson’s
correct. capsule
3. Given below are two statements; one is labelled (1) only a and b correct
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (2) only a, b and d correct
(3) only b and d correct
Reason(R) .
A
(4) all are correct

Assertion (A) : Vomitting is ejection of
stomach contents through mouth & is a reflex
Statement-I : In wall of alimentary canal,
action.
serosa is outermost layer made of thin
Reason (R) : Indigestion is due to spicy food,
mesothelium.
over eating or food poisoning. Statement-II : Muscularis layer in stomach has
In the light of the above statements, choose the outer circular muscle and inner longitudinal
most appropriate answer from the options muscle.
given below : In the light of the above statements, choose the
(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the most appropriate answer from the options given
correct explanation of (A). below:
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the incorrect.
correct explanation of (A). (3) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is
correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and II both are correct.
37
®

Biology : Digestion & Absorption
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : Salivary glands are situated inside as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
buccal cavity & secrete salivary juice into it. Reason(R) .
Statement-II : Saliva is mainly produced by Assertion (A) : Maximum absorption of
parotid, sub maxillary and sub lingual glands. digested food takes place in small intestine due to
In the light of the above statements, choose the enormously increased surface area.
most appropriate answer from the options given Reason (R) : Mucosa layer forms villi in
below: intestine which has numerous microscopic
(1) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is projections called microvilli.
correct. In the light of the above statements, choose the
(2) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. most appropriate answer from the options
(3) Both Statement-I and II both are correct. given below :
(4) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
8. Given below are two statements; one is labelled (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct.
Reason(R) .
Assertion (A) : The pancreas
EN is a
compound/mixed gland situated between the 10. Given below are two statements:
limbs of c-shaped duodenum. Statement-I : Marasmus is caused by deficiency
Reason (R) : Exocrine part of pancreas secrete of proteins and calories.
LL
alkaline pancreatic juice/enzymes while Statement-II : Marasmus happens if mother
endocrine part secrete insulin & glucagon has second pregnancy childbirth when first child
hormone. is two years old.
most appropriate answer from the options most appropriate answer from the options given
A
given below : below:

(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the (1) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
correct explanation of (A). incorrect.
(2) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the (2) Both Statement-I and II both are correct.
correct explanation of (A). (3) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is
(3) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. correct.
(4) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct. (4) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 1 4 1
38

Biology : Breathing and Exchange of gases ®
Pre-Medical
BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES
Statement-I : Trachea is a straight tube Statement-I : Volume of air remaining in the
extending upto the mid-Abdominal cavity, which lungs even after a forcible inspiration is called
th
divides at the level of 5 Lumbar vertebra into a residual volume this averages 1100 to 1200 ml.
right and left primary bronchi. Statement-II : Volume of air that will remain in
Statement-II : The trachea, primary, secondary the lungs after a normal expiration is called
and tertiary bronchi and initial bronchioles are expiratory reserve volume.
supported by incomplete cartilaginous rings. In the light of the above statements, choose the
below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
incorrect. EN (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
2. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The solubility of CO2 is 20-25
LL
Statement-I : The anatomical setup of lungs in times higher than that of O2

thorax is such that any change in the volume of Statement-II : The amount of CO2 that can
the pulmonary cavity will be reflected in the diffuse through the diffusion membrane per unit
thoracic cavity. difference in partial pressure is much higher
A
Statement-II : Contraction of diaphragm and compared to that of O2.

external inter costal muscles will help in In the light of the above statements, choose the
inspiration. most appropriate answer from the options given
most appropriate answer from the options given (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
below: (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. incorrect.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
incorrect. correct.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct. correct.
correct.
39
®

Biology : Breathing and Exchange of gases
Pre-Medical
5. Identify the correct set of statements : (c) Oxygen dissociation curve is highly useful in
(a) The diffusion membrane is made up of two studying the effect of factors like pCO2, [H+]
major layers. and temperature on binding of O2 with
(b) The total thickness of diffusion membrane is haemoglobin.
much more than a centimetre (d) In the alveoli, where there is high pCO2, low
(c) All the factors in our body are favourable for pO2, higher [H+] and low temperature are the
diffusion of O2 from alveoli to tissue and that factors favourable for the formation of
of CO2 from tissue to alveoli. oxy-haemoglobin.
+
(d) About 93 % of O2 is transported by RBCs in (e) In tissues low pO2, high pCO2, high [H ] and
the blood & remaining 7% of O2 is carried in highter temperature conditions are
a dissolved state through the plasma. favourable for dissociation of O2 from Hb.
Choose the correct answer from options given Choose the correct answer from options given
below : below :
(1) a and b only (2) b,C and d only (1) Only a, c and e (2) Only b and d
(3) a, b, d only (4) only c (3) a, b and d only (4) a, b, c and d
EN 8. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
(a) Nearly 20-25% of CO2 is transported by as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
RBCs. Reason(R) .
(b) 70% of CO2 is carried as bicarbonate in
Assertion (A) : The formation of bicarbonate
plasma.
(c) 7% of CO2 is carried in a dissolved state mainly occurs in the RBC at the time of CO2
LL
through plasma. transport

(d) Each haemoglobin molecule can carry a
Reason (R) : RBCs contain a very high
maximum of four molecule of O2
(e) Binding of oxygen with haemoglobin is concentration of enzyme carbonic anhydrase and
A
primarily related to partial pressure of minute quantities of the same is present in

oxygen.
plasma too.
below : In the light of the above statements, choose the
(1) a and b only (2) b, c, d and e only correct answer from the options given below :
(3) a, b, c, d and e only (4) b, d and e only
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
+
(a) Partial pressure of CO2, [H ] and temperature correct explanation of (A).
are the factors which can interfere with the (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
binding of O2 with Hb.
(b) A sigmoid curve is obtained when partial
pressure of pCO2 is plotted against the (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
percentage saturation of haemoglobin with correct explanation of (A).

oxygen.
40

Biology : Breathing and Exchange of gases ®
Pre-Medical
Assertion (A) : Pneumotaxic centre can Assertion (A) : The role of oxygen in the
moderate the functions of Respiratory rhythm regulation of respiratory rhythm is quite
centre. insignificant.
Reason (R) : Neutral signal from this centre can Reason (R) : Chemosensitive area and
reduce the duration of inspiration. receptors associated with aortic arch and carotid
In the light of the above statements, choose the artery can recognise changes in CO2 and [H+]
correct answer from the options given below : In the light of the above statements, choose the
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct answer from the options given below :

EN (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
LL
correct explanation of (A). (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the

A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 3 3 1 4 4 3 1 4 4 4
41
®

Biology : Body fluid & Circulation
Pre-Medical
BODY FLUID & CIRCULATION
1. Read the following statements and choose the 4. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
correct option - as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
(a) Plasma consists of nearly 45% part of blood
Reason(R) .
(b) Fibrinogen, albumin & globulin are major
proteins of plasma Assertion (A) : SAN is called as pacemaker.
(c) Albumin helps in osmotic balance & Reason (R) : SAN is responsible for initiating &
retention of water in plasma maintaining the rhythmic contractile activity of
(d) Plasma without the clotting factors is called
the heart.
serum
(1) only b and c correct (2) b, c & d correct
(3) a, b & c correct (4) only c & d correct
2. Read the following statements and choose which given below :
are not correct - (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
(a) Plasma has 90 – 92% water & 6 – 8% correct explanation of (A).
proteins (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
(b) Erythrocytes are called as formed elements &
constitute 55% of blood
(c) Granulocytes include basophil, neutrophil &
EN (3) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the
(4) (A) is incorrect but (R) correct.
monocyte
(d) Reduction in number of platelets may cause 5. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
excessive blood loss as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
LL

Reason(R) .
below :
Assertion (A) : Coronary artery disease (CAD),
(1) a and b (2) b and c
(3) c and d (4) b, c and d also called angina and affect blood vessels.
A
Reason (R) : CAD is caused due to Ca , fat,

++
3. Choose the option which has all correct
statements related to ECG - cholesterol & fibrous tissue deposition in wall of
(a) QRS complex represents polarisation of artery.
ventricles
(b) ECG is graphical representation of electrical
activity of heart
(c) T-wave represent end of diastole & given below :
repolarisation (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
(d) Number of QRS complexes is equal to correct explanation of (A).
number of heart beat of an individual. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
(1) a, b and d
(2) b, c and d
(3) b and c
(4) b and d
42

Biology : Body fluid & Circulation ®
Pre-Medical
6. Given below are two statements; one is labelled 8. Given below are two statements:
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Statement-I : Cardiac output is blood volume
Reason(R) . pumped by each ventricle per minute.
Assertion (A) : Amphibians and reptiles Statement-II : Body has the ability to alter
possess incomplete double circulation. heart rate but not stroke volume.
Reason (R) : Deoxygenated and oxygenated In the light of the above statements, choose the
blood in amphibians & reptiles mixes in single most appropriate answer from the options given
ventricle & ventricle pump mix blood. below:
given below :
incorrect.
correct.
EN (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct.
7. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Sympathetic nervous system can
Statement-I : Rh incompatibility also observed increase the strength of ventricular contraction &
LL
+
when father is Rh¯ and mother is Rh . cardiac output also.
Statement-II : Rh factor is found freely in blood Statement-II : Adrenal medullary hormones

+
plasma of Rh men & women. can decrease the cardiac output.
A
below: below:
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
incorrect.
incorrect.
correct.
correct.
correct.
correct.
43
®

Biology : Body fluid & Circulation
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : Lymph is derived from blood
vascular system & again drain back to the blood.
Statement-II : Lymph is important carrier for
nutrients, hormones & fatty acid etc.
below:
incorrect.
correct.
correct.
EN
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 2 2 4 3 3 4 1 2 2 4
44

Biology : Excretion and their Elimination ®
Pre-Medical
EXCRETION AND THEIR ELIMINATION
Statement-I : Ammonotelic animals excrete Statement-I : Inside the kidney there are two
ammonia by diffusion across body surface or zones, an outer cortex and an inner medulla. The
cortex extends in between the medullary
through gill surface (in fish) as ammonium ions.
paramids as renal columns called columns of
Statement-II : Kidneys do not play any
Bertini.
significant role in excretion in ammonotelic Statement-II : Both kidney has nearly one
animals. million complex tubular structures called
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. Nephrons.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is incorrect.
correct.
correct.
correct. correct.
2. Given below are two statements: 5. Identify the correct set of statements :
Statement-I : Mammals, many terrestrial (a) Bowman's capsule along with Glomerulus is
EN
amphibians and marine fishes excrete urea and
are called ureotelic animals.
called Malpighian body or renal corpuscle
(b) PCT is the most coiled part of nephron.
(c) Malpighian corpuscles PCT and henle's loop
Statement-II : Urea are produced in every cells
of nephron are situated in the cortical part of
of body during metabolic activities. kidney
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (d) In juxta medullary nephrons the loop of
LL
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is henles is very long and runs deep into the
incorrect. medulla.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is (e) A minute vessels of peritubular capillary
correct. network runs antiparallel to the Henle's loop
called vasa recta.
A
(1) a, b and d only (2) a, c and e only

correct.
(3) a , b, c and e only (4) c, d and e only
Statement-I : Kidneys are dark brown, bean (a) Vasa recta is absent or highly reduced in
shaped structures situated between the levels of cortical nephrons.
last thoracic to last lumbar vertebra : (b) The first step in urine formation is filtration of
Statement-II : Each kidney of an adult human urine. Which is carried out by the glomerulus
(c) On an average 1100-1200 ml urine is filtered
measures 10-12 cm in length, 5-7 cm width and
by the kidneys per minute.
2-3 cm in thickness with an average weight of
(d) Glomerulus filtration rate is 1/5 the of
120-170 gm. cardiac output of each ventricles.
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (e) The epithelial cells of Glomerulus is called
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is podocytes are arranged in an intricate
incorrect. manner so leave some slit pores.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is Choose the correct answer from options given
below :
correct.
(1) a, b, c and d only (2) a only
(3) a, d and e only (4) b, c, d and e only
correct.
45
®

Biology : Excretion and their Elimination
Pre-Medical
7. Identify the correct set of statements : 9. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
(a) JGA is a special sensitive region formed by as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
cellular modifications. in PCT and the
Reason(R) .
efferent arteriole at the location of their
contact. Assertion (A) : Henle's loop plays a significant
(b) A fall in GFR can activate the JG cells to role in the maintenance of high osmolarity of
release rennin which can stimulate the medullary interstitial fluid.
glomerular blood flow and thereby GFR back
to normal. Reason (R) : RAAS leads to increase in blood
(c) Nearly 99% of the filtrate formed per day has pressure and GFR
to be reabsorbed by the renal tubules this is (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the
called reabsorption. correct explanation of (A).
+
(d) Glucose, amino acid and Na reabsorbed
actively. Whereas nitrogenous wastes are
absorbed passively. correct explanation of (A).
(e) Tubular secretion help in the maintenance of (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is incorrect.
ionic and acid base balance of body. (4) (A) & (R) both are correct.
Choose the correct answer from options given 10. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
below :
(1) a, b and e correct as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
(2) a, b and c correct Reason(R) .
(3) c, d and e correct Assertion (A) : Atrial Natriuretic Factor
(4) b, c, d and e correct
mechanism acts as a check on the renin-
8.
Reason(R) .
EN
angiotensin mechanism.
Reason (R) : Increase in blood flow to the atria
Assertion (A) : Maximum reabsorption occurs of the heart can cause the release of ANF which
in PCT during urine formation. cause vasodilation of blood vessels thereby
Reason (R) : PCT is highly coiled part which is decrease the blood pressure.
lined by brush bordered epithelium which contain (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the
LL
abundant mitochondria.
correct explanation of (A). (2) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
(2) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is incorrect.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is incorrect. (4) (A) & (R) both are correct.
(4) (A) & (R) both are correct.
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 4 2 3 2 1 2 3 1 2 1
46

Biology : Endocrine system ®
Pre-Medical
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Statement-I : Hormones are non-nutrient Statement-I : The pineal gland is located on
chemicals. the dorsal side of forebrain.
Statement-II : Hormones act as intracellular Statement-II : Pineal gland secretes a hormone
messenger.
called melatonin.
below:
incorrect. (2) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is
Statement-I : Hypothalamus is the basal part of 5. Identify the correct set of statements :
cerebellum.
(a) The thyroid gland is composed of four lobes.
Statement-II : Hormones produced by
EN
hypothalamus are of one type only, the releasing
hormones.
(b) The thyroid gland is composed of follicles
and stromal tissues.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (c) Thyroid hormone play an important role in
most appropriate answer from the options given the regulation of the basal metabolic rate.
below: (d) Thyroid gland secretes a steroid hormone
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are called thyrocalcitonin.
LL
incorrect. (e) Thyroid hormones does not support the

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is process of red blood cell formation.
incorrect. Choose the correct answer from options given
(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is below :
correct. (1) (a) and (d) only
A
(2) (b) and (c) only

correct.
(3) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
(4) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only
Statement-I : Neurohypophysis stores and
releases two hormones called prolactin and +2
vasopressin. (a) PTH decreases the Ca levels in the blood.
Statement-II : Pars intermedia secretes only (b) Thymus gland secrete thymosin hormone.
one hormone called MSH. (c) Adrenal medulla secretes cortisol.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (d) Cortisol stimulates RBC production.
most appropriate answer from the options given (e) Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to complex
below: disorder called diabetes insipidus.
(1) Statement-I is correct but Statement-II is Choose the correct answer from options given
incorrect. below :
(2) Statement-I is incorrect but statement-II is (1) (a) and (d) only
correct.
(3) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only
incorrect.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (4) (a), (d), (b) and (e) only
correct.
47
®

Biology : Endocrine system
Pre-Medical
7. Identify the correct set of statements : 9. Given below are two statements: one is labelled
(a) A pair of testis is present in the scrotal sac. as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
(b) Before ovulation, the ruptured follicle is Reason (R).
converted into corpus luteum. Assertion (A) : Glucagon increases blood
(c) ANF decreases blood pressure. glucose level.
(d) Gastrin stimulates the secretion of HCl and Reason (R) : It stimulates glycogenolysis.
pepsinogen.
(e) Cortisol is steroid hormone.
given below :
below :
(2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
(3) (a), (c), (d) and (e) only
Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Insulin and cortisol are protein
Reason (R).
hormones.
Assertion (A) : Emergency hormones increases
Reason (R) : Protein hormones interact with
membrane bound receptors.
EN
alertness and heart beat.
Reason (R) : Glucocorticoids stimulate
gluconeogenesis, lipolysis and proteolysis.
given below :
given below :
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 2 1 2 4 2 2 3 3 4 1
48

Biology : Skeletal System ®
Pre-Medical
SKELETAL SYSTEM
1. Given below are two statements – In the light of the above statements, choose the
Statement I : Each rib is a thin, flat bone correct answer from the option given below.
connected dorsally to vertebral column and (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
ventrally to the sternum. correct explanation of (A).
Statement II : Each rib has two articulation
surfaces on its ventral end and is hence called
bicephalic. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
In the light of above statements, choose the (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
correct answer from the option given below. correct explanation of (A)
4. Given below are two statements. One is labelled
incorrect.
(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
incorrect. Reason (R).
(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is Assertion (A) : Human skull is a dicondylic
correct.
(4) Both statement – I and statement – II are skull.
correct. Reason (R) : The skull region articulates with
EN
Statement I : Scapula is a large, triangular, flat
the superior region of the vertebral column with
the help of two occipital condyles.
bone. In the light of the above statements, choose the
Statement II : Scapula is situated in dorsal part correct answer from the option given below.
of thorax between the second and seventh rib. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
LL
In the light of above statements, choose the correct explanation of (A).
correct answer from the option given below. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(1) Both statement – I and statement – II are (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
incorrect. (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is correct explanation of (A)
A
incorrect. 5. Identify the correct set of statements.

(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is (a) Skeletal system consists of a framework of
correct. bones and few cartilages.
(b) Sternum is a flat bone on the dorsal midline
(4) Both statement – I and statement – II are of thorax.
correct. (c) Thoracic vertebrae, ribs and sternum
together form the rib cage.
3. Given below are two statements. One is labelled (d) Clavicle has two articulation surfaces on its
dorsal end
(e) Each rib is a long slender bone with two
Reason (R). curvatures.
Assertion (A) : The 8 , 9 and 10 pairs of ribs
th th th
given below.
are called vertebrochondral ribs (false ribs).
(1) (a), (b) and (c) only (2) (a) and (c) only
Reason (R) : These pairs of ribs do not
(3) (c) and (d) only (4) (c), (d) and (e) only
articulate directly with the sternum but join the
seventh rib with the help of hyaline cartilage.
49
®

Biology : Skeletal System
Pre-Medical
6. Identify the incorrect set of statements.
(a) First vertebrae is axis and it articulates with
the occipetal condyles.
(b) The number of cervical vertebrae are seven
in almost all mammals including human beings.
(c) The two halves of pelvic girdle meet dorsally
to form the pubic symphysis.
(d) Osteoporesis is an auto immune disorder.
(e) Gout is inflammation of joints due to
accumulation of uric acid crystals.
given below.
(1) (b) and (e) (2) (a), (b) and (c)
(3) (b), (c) and (e) (4) (a), (c) and (d)
EN
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Ans. 2 4 4 4 2 4
50

Biology : Muscles ®
Pre-Medical
MUSCLES
1. Given below are two statements – 3. Given below are two statements. One is labelled
Statement I : All locomotion are movement but as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
all movements are not locomotion. Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : Increase Ca
+2
Statement II : Walking, running, climbing and level leads to the
swimming such types of voluntary movements binding of calcium with a subunit of troponin on
are called locomotion. actin filaments.
In the light of above statements, choose the Reason (R) : Action potential spreads through
correct answer from the option given below. the muscle fibre and causes the release of
(1) Both statement – I and statement – II are calcium ion into the sarcoplasm.
incorrect. In the light of the above statements, choose the
(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is correct answer from the option given below.
incorrect. (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is correct explanation of (A).
correct. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(4) Both statement – I and statement – II are (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
correct. (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
EN
Statement I : Each myofibril has alternate dark
and light band on it.
4.
Identify the correct set of statements.
(a) Each myosin filament is also a polymerised
Statement II : Myosin filaments are thinner as protein.
compared to the actin filaments. (b) HMM component projects outwards at
In the light of the above statements, choose the regular distance and angle from each other
LL
correct answer from the option given below. from the surface of a myosin filament.
(1) Both statement – I and statement – II are (c) Troponin is filamentous protein and also run
incorrect. close to the 'F' actin filaments.
(2) Statement – I is correct but statement – II is (d) When new ATP binds with actin then cross
incorrect. bridge is broken.
A
+2
(3) Statement – I is incorrect but statement – II is (e) Ca are pumped back to sarcoplasmic
correct. cisternae resulting in the masking of actin
(4) Both statement – I and statement – II are filaments.
correct. Choose the correct answer from the options
given below.
(1) (a), (c) and (d) (2) (a), (b) and (d)
(3) (a), (b) and (e) (4) (c) and (d)
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4
Ans. 4 2 1 3
51
®

Biology : Nervous system
Pre-Medical
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Statement-I : The reflex pathway comprises at Statement-I : The neural organisation is very
least one afferent neuron and one efferent simple in higher vertebrates.
neuron not appropriately arranged in a series.
Statement-II : The neural system is better
Statement-II : The afferent neuron receives
organised in hydra.
signal from a sensory organ and transmits the
impulse via a dorsal nerve root into the CNS. In the light of the above statements, choose the
2. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The rise in the stimulus-induced
Statement-I : Three major regions make up the
EN permeability to K+ is extremely short-lived.
brain stem : fore brain, pons and medulla Statement-II : The axoplasm inside the axon
oblongata. +
contains high concentration of K and negatively
Statement-II : The medulla contains centres +
charged proteins and low concentration of Na .
which control respiration and excretion only.
below: below:
LL
correct. correct.
A
correct. correct.
Statement-I : The midbrain is located between as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
the thalamus/hypothalamus of the forebrain and Reason (R).
pons. Assertion (A) : The CNS includes the brain and
Statement-II : The dorsal portion of the
the spinal cord.
midbrain consists mainly of four round swellings
called corpora quadrigemina. Reason (R) : The PNS comprises of all the
In the light of the above statements, choose the nerves of the body associated with CNS.
below: most appropriate answer from the options
incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
correct. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
correct. correct explanation of (A).
52

Biology : Nervous system ®
Pre-Medical
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (a) In Hydra, neural organisation is composed of
Reason (R). network of neurons.
Assertion (A) : Multipolar neurons are found in (b) Afferent nerves transmit impulses from CNS
the cerebral cortex. to tissues.
Reason (R) : They consists of one axon and (c) Somatic neural system relays impulses from
two or more dendrites. CNS to smooth muscles.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (d) The cell body contains Nissl's granules.
most appropriate answer from the options (e) The myelinated nerve fibres are not
given below : enveloped with schwann cells.
below :
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (1) (a) and (d) only
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the (2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
correct explanation of (A). (3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only
8. Given below are two statements: one is labelled (4) (b) and (c) only
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as 11. Identify the correct set of statements :
Reason (R). (a) Myelinated nerve fibres are found in
Assertion (A) : Myelinated nerve fibres are
EN autonomic and the somatic neural systems.
enveloped with schwann cells which form a (b) The gaps between two adjacent myelin
myelin sheath around the axon. sheaths are called nodes of Ranvier.
Reason (R) : Myelin sheath does not increase (c) The axonal membrane is impermeable to
the speed of conduction. negatively charged proteins present in the
In the light of the above statements, choose the axoplasm.
most appropriate answer from the options (d) Electrical synapses are rare in our system.
given below : (e) Synaptic cleft is present in chemical synapse.
LL
below :
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the (2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
A
9. Given below are two statements: one is labelled (4) (b) and (c) only
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as 12. Identify the correct set of statements :
Reason (R). (a) Electrical current can flow directly from one
neuron into the other across the electrical
Assertion (A) : A neuron is a microscopic
synapse.
structure composed of three major parts, namely, (b) The cerebral hemispheres are connected by a
axon, dendrites and telodendria. tract of nerve fibres called corpus callosum.
Reason (R) : Short fibres which branch (c) The cerebral cortex is referred to as the
repeatedly and project out of the cell body are white matter due to its whitish appearance.
called dendrites. (d) The cerebrum wraps around a structure
In the light of the above statements, choose the called thalamus.
most appropriate answer from the options (e) The hypothalamus contains a number of
centres. Which control body temperature,
given below :
urge for eating and drinking.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the Choose the correct answer from options given
(2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
53
®

Biology : Nervous system
Pre-Medical
(a) Limbic lobe consists of amygdala and pons.
(b) Cerebral aqueduct passes through the
midbrain.
(c) The medulla contains centre which control
respiration, cardiovascular reflexes and
gastric secretions.
(d) Brain stem forms the connections between
the cerebrum and midbrain.
(e) Knee jerk reflex is polysynaptic reflex.
below :
(2) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
(3) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only
EN
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Ans. 3 1 4 1 3 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 4
54

Biology : Sense Organ ®
Pre-Medical
SENSE ORGAN
1. Identify the correct set of statement : 5. Given below are two statements:
(a) Sacculus and utriculus contain a projecting Statement-I : Sound waves are collected by
ridge called crista. yellow, non cartilaginous structure called ear
(b) Each semicircular canal lie in a different pinna.
plane at right angle to each other. Statement-II : Ear pinna is a fanlike structure.
(c) The space between cornea & lens is divided (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
by Iris. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
(d) The Fovea is a thin portion of the retina incorrect.
where only cones are densely packed. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
(1) (a), (b) & (c) Only (2) (b), (c) & (d) Only correct.
(3) (c), (d) & (a) Only (4) (b), (d) & (a) Only (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
2. How many of below statement are correct : correct.
(a) Tympanic membrane is composed of
connective tissue covered with mucus Statement-I : The eye ball contain a
membrane outside and skin inside. transparent crystalline lens which is held by
(b) Different types of cones are stimulated when ligaments attached to cilliary body.
Statement-II : Aqueous humor is filled between
visual wave length strikes to cone. EN
(c) Scala media is the part of vestibular appratus the lens and retina.
(d) Ear ossicles increases the efficiency of
transmission of sound wave to the inner ear.
incorrect.
(1) (a), & (b) Only (2) (b) & (c) Only
(3) (c) & (d) Only (4) (b), & (d) Only
correct.
3. Assertion-(A) : Scala media seprates fluid filled
LL
bony labyrinth in scala vestibuli & scala tympani. correct.

Reason-(R) : It contains sensory cell that 7. Given below are two statements:
convert sound waves into nerve impulse.
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the Statement-I : Colour vision results from
correct explanation of (A) different colours of light selectively activating
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect different cone photopigments.
A
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct Statement-II : Retinol is light absorbing portion
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is correct
explanation of (A) of all visual photopigments
4. Assertion-(A) : Iris divides the vitreous chamber (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
into two parts. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
incorrect.
Reason-(R) : Iris is a extended part of choroid.
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
correct explanation of (A) correct.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is correct
explanation of (A)
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Ans. 2 4 1 3 3 2 2
55
®

Biology :
Pre-Medical
REPRODUCTION IN ORGANISM
1. Identify the correct set of statements : 3. Given below are two statements:
(a) Reproduction enables the continuity of Statement-I : The process of formation of new
species generation after generation. organisms without fertilization of female gametes
(b) Sexual reproduction involves fusion of male is called parthenogenesis.
and female gametes. Statement-II : The process of syngamy results
(c) The term clone is used to describe in formation of gametes.
morphologically and genetically distinct In the light of the above statements, choose the
individuals. most appropriate answer from the options given
(d) Under favourable conditions amoeba shows below:
encystation. (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.
(e) Life span of crocodile and crow is 60 and (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
100 years, respectively. incorrect.
Choose the correct answer from options given (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
below : correct.
(1) a, b and c
(3) a and b
(2) a, d and e
(4) a, b and e
EN (4) Both
correct.
Statement-I and Statement-II are
Statement-I : Plants of cucurbits and coconuts as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
are example of monoecious plants. Reason(R) .
Assertion (A) : Male Honeybees are always
LL
Statement-II : Earthworm, sponge, tapeworm
haploid.
and leech are example of hermaphrodite Reason (R) : Female and male gametes fuses to
animals. form zygote and then zygote will develop in male
In the light of the above statements, choose the bee.
A

below:
given below :
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is correct explanation of (A).
incorrect.
correct.
(4) (A) & (R) both are incorrect.
correct.
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4
Ans. 3 4 2 3
56

Biology : Life Cycle Of Angiosperms ®
Pre-Medical
LIFE CYCLE OF ANGIOSPERMS
Statement-I : When pollen grains are released Statement-I : To some extent viability of pollen
from pollen sac and they land on stigma of pistil, grains depends upon prevailing temperature and
it is called pollination. humidity.
Statement-II : Viability is lost in few minutes
Statement-II : Pollen tube enters into embryo
only of the pollen grains of Solanaceae family.
sac where two male gametes fuse with female
gamete.
most appropriate answer from the options given (1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.
below: (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. incorrect.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
incorrect. correct.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct. incorrect.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are 5. Given below are two statements (for angiosperm
incorrect. EN plants) :
Statement-I : A mature male gametophyte
possess two male gametes.
Statement-I : A typical anther is
Statement-II : A mature female gametophyte is
tetrasporangiate.
7-celled and 8 nucleated in typical angiosperms.
Statement-II : A typical anther is dithecous. In the light of the above statements, choose the
LL
below: (1) Both Statement-I and II are correct.

(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
incorrect. (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
correct.
A

correct.
incorrect.
Statement-I : Exine of pollen grain is made up Reason(R) .
of sporopollenin. Assertion (A) : Geitonogamy is genetically
Statement-II : Intine helps in germination of same as autogamy.
pollen grain. Reason (R) : In Geitonogamy transfer of pollen
In the light of the above statements, choose the grains occur from one plant to another plant.
correct. (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is correct explanation of (A).
incorrect. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
correct.
57
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
Biology : Life Cycle Of Angiosperms
Pre-Medical
7. Given below are two statements; one is labelled In the light of the above statements, choose the
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as most appropriate answer from the options
Reason(R) . given below :
Assertion (A) : Homogamy in receptivity by (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
stigma and pollen release is essential for correct explanation of (A).
autogamy. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
Reason (R) : Heterogamy increases the (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
opportunities for successful allogamy. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct explanation of (A).
most appropriate answer from the options 10. Identify the correct set of statements
given below : (a) Wolfia is a microscopic plant belongs to
(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the angiosperms.
(b) Double fertilization is an unique event seen in
gymnosperms.
(c) Male sex organs in angiosperm are called
(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is theEN stamens, present in flowers.
(d) Total three male gametes participate in
double fertilization.
Choose the correct answer from the given option
Reason(R) .
below.
Assertion (A) : Loss of pollen grain occur
(1) all a, b, c, d are correct
LL
maximum in anemophily.
(2) b, c and d are correct
Reason (R) : In this type of pollination, pollen
(3) a, c and d are correct
grains move completely in non-directional form.
(4) only a and c are correct
11. Identify the correct set of statements –
A
(a) In gymnosperms seeds are not enclosed by

given below :
fruits.
(b) Angiosperm plant’s possess diplontic life
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect. cycle.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (c) Flower is the structure in which sexual
(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the reproductive organs of angiosperm are
correct explanation of (A). present.
9. Given below are two statements; one is labelled (d) Endosperm formation in angiosperm is not a
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as pre-fertilization event.
Reason(R) . Choose the correct answer from the given
Assertion (A) : In angiosperm plants, nuclear options below :
endosperm is most common. (1) only b, c & d are correct
Reason (R) : When formation of endosperm (2) b and c are correct
occur due to free nuclear division, is called (3) a, b, c and d all are correct
cellular endosperm. (4) only a and c are correct
58

Biology : Life Cycle Of Angiosperms ®
Pre-Medical
12. Identify the correct set of statements with respect 13. Identify the correct set of statements for
to angiosperms. angiosperms.
(a) A microsporophyll contains stigma, style and
(a) Development of angiosperm seed occur inside
ovary
(b) All megaspores produced from megaspore the ovary / fruit
mother cell take part in embryo sac (b) Typical embryo sac in angiosperms is seven
formation. celled and eight nucleated
(c) Hilum is the place where ovule joins with
(c) Free nuclear divisions occur during
funicle
(d) Basal part of an ovule is represented as embryogenesis in angiosperms
micropylar end (d) Filliform apparatus present in ovule secrets
(e) Perisperm is present in black pepper. chemicals, which attract pollen tube toward
synergids
given below
(1) only c and e are correct (e) Development of female gametophyte in
(2) a, b, c and e are correct typical angiosperms is monosporic.
(3) c, d and e are correct Choose the correct answer from the given
(4) only c is correct
options below.
(1) a, d and e (2) b, d and e
EN (3) a, b, d and e (4) b, c, d and e
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Ans. 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 4 2 4 3 1 3
59
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
Biology : Human Reproduction System
Pre-Medical
HUMAN REPRODUCTION SYSTEM
Statement-I : In adults, each testis is oval in Statement-I : LH act on leydig cells and
shape, with a length of about 2 to 3 cm and a stimulates synthesis and secretion of androgens.
width of about 4 to 5 cm. Statement-II : FSH acts on the sertoli cells and
Statement-II : Each testis has about 250 stimulates secretion of some factors which help
in the process of spermiogenesis .
compartment called testicular lobules.
below:
below:
incorrect.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.
correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and
EN
Statement-II are
(4) Both
correct.
Statement-I and Statement-II are

2. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Cyclic menstruation is an
Statement-I : The edge of the infundibulum indicator of normal reproductive phase which
LL
posses finger like projections called fimbriae, extends between menarche and menopause.
which helps in collection of ovum after ovulation. Statement-II : The first menstruation beings at
puberty and is called menarche.
Statement-II : Uterus is supported by tendons
attached to the pelvic wall.
A

below:
below:
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. incorrect.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
incorrect. correct.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct. correct.
correct.
60

Biology : Human Reproduction System ®
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : The blastomeres in the blastocyst Statement-I : Parturition is induced by a
are arranged into an inner layer called complex neuroendocrine mechanism.
trophoblast and an outer group of cells attached Statement-II : The signals for parturition
to trophoblast called the inner cell mass. originate from the fully developed foetus and
Statement-II : The embryo with 8 to 16 placenta.
blastomerres is called blastula. In the light of the above statements, choose the
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct.
(4) Both Statement-I
correct.
and Statement-II
EN are
8.
correct.
Given below are two statements:
6. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The milk producing during the
Statement-I : hCG, hPL and relaxin are initial few days of lactation is called colostrum.
produced in women only during pregnancy. Statement-II : The mammary glands of the
LL
Statement-II : By end of about 12 weeks, the female undergo differentiation during pregnancy
body of foetus is covered with hairs, eye-lids and starts producing milk towards the end of
separate, and eye lashes are formed. pregnancy by the process called lactation.
A
below: below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
61
®

Pre-Medical
Assertion (A) : The male accessary glands Assertion (A) : Spermatogenesis starts at the
include paired seminal vesicles, a prostate and age of puberty due to significant increase in the
secretion of vasopressin hormone.
paired bulbourethral glands.
Reason (R) : After spermiogenesis, sperm
Reason (R) : Secretion of these glands
heads become embedded in the sertoli cells, and
constitute the seminal plasma which is rich in
finally released from the seminiferous tubules by
fructose, calcium and certain enzymes.
the process called spermiation.
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
EN (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
LL
Reason(R) .
Reason(R) .
Assertion (A) : The menstrual flow results due
Assertion (A) : The presence or absence of
to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus
hymen is not a reliable indicator of virginity or
and its blood vessels which forms liquid that
sexual experience. comes out through vagina.
A
Reason (R) : Hymen can also be broken by a Reason (R) : The ovulatory phase is followed by
sudden fall or jolt, insertion of a vaginal tampon, the follicular phase during which the remaining
active participation in some sports like horseback part of the graafian follicle transform as the
riding, cycling etc. In some women the hymen corpus luteum.
persists even after coitus. In the light of the above statements, choose the
given below : (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
62

Biology : Human Reproduction System ®
Pre-Medical
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (a) Each testicular lobule contains 1-3 highly
Reason(R) . coiled seminiferous tubules in which sperms
Assertion (A) : During fertilisation, a sperm are produced

(b) The regions outside the seminiferous tubules
comes in contact with zona pellucida layer of the
called spaces, contains small blood vessels
ovum and induces changes in the membrane that
and interstitial cells or leydig cells.
block the entry of additional sperms.
(c) The male sex accessory duct include testes,
Reason (R) : The mitotic division starts as the
vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens.
zygote moves through the isthmus of the oviduct
(d) the enlarged end of penis called glans penis is
called cleavage towards the uterus and forms
covered by a tight fold of skin called fore
2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells called blastomeres.
skin.
(e) The secretion of bulbourethral glands helps in
the lubrication of the penis
given below :
EN Choose the correct answer from options given
below :
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the (1) (a) and (d) only
correct explanation of (A). (2) (a), (b) and (d) only
(3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (3) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only
LL
(4) (a), (b) and (e) only
(a) Each ovary is about 2-4 cm is length
Reason(R) . (b) Each ovary is connected to the pelvic wall and
Assertion (A) : Placenta acts as an endocrine uterus by tendons
A
tissue. (c) Mons pubis is a cushion of fatty tissue covered
Reason (R) : Placenta produces several by skin and pubic hair

(d) the clitoris is a tiny finger like structure which
hormones like hCG, hPL, estrogen,
lies at the upper junction of the two labia
progestogens etc.
minora below the urethral opening
(e) the glandular tissue of each breast is divided
into 15-20 mammary lobes containing
given below : clusters of cells called alveoli
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the Choose the correct answer from options given
below :
(1) (a) and (e) only
(2) (a), (b), (d) and (e) only
(4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (3) (a), (c) and (e) only
(4) (a), (c), (d) and (e) only
63
®

Pre-Medical
17. Identify the correct set of statements : 19. Identify the incorrect set of statements :
(a) Each spermatogonium is diploid and contains (a) One ovum is released during the middle of
46 chromosomes each menstrual cycle
(b) The spermatids are transformed into sperm (b) Menstrual phase lasts for 3-5 days
by the process called spermiation (c) Lack of menstruation is surely indicative of
(c) The acrosome is filled with enzymes that
pregnancy
help fertilisation of the ovum
(d) The corpus luteum secretes large amount of
(d) Secretion of epididymis, vas deferens,
progesterone which is essential for formation
seminal vesicle and prostate are essential for
of endometrium
maturation and motility of sperms
Choose the correct answer from options given (e) During pregnancy all events of the menstrual
below : cycle stop and there is no menstruation
(1) (a), (c) only (2) (b), (c), (d) only Choose the correct answer from options given
(3) (a), (b), (c), (d) only (4) (a), (c), (d) only below :
18. Identify the incorrect set of statements : (1) (a), (b), (e) (2) (c), (d)
(a) At birth only 60000– 80000 primary follicles (3) (a), (c), (d) (4) (a), (b), (d)
are left in each ovary 20. Identify the correct set of statements :
(b) Tertiary follicle is characterised by a fluid EN (a) A structural and functional unit between
filled cavity called antrum foetus and maternal body is called placenta
(c) Oogenesis is initiated during embryonic
(b) During pregnancy the level of cortisol,
development stage
prolactin and thyroxine are increased several
(d) Each primary oocyte gets surrounded by a
folds in the maternal blood
layer of zona pellucida and is called the
(c) The inner cells mass contains stem cells
primary follicle
LL
Choose the correct answer from options given which have the potency to give rise to all the
below : tissues and organs
(1) (a), (b) (2) (b), (c) (3) (a), (d) (4) (c), (d) (d) The doctor inject oxytocin to induce delivery
(e) Colostrum contains several antibiotics
A
below :
(1) (a), (b), (c), (d) only (2) (a), (c), (d), (e) only
(3) (a), (c), (d) only (4) (b), (c), (d), (e) only
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 3 2 4 4 1 2 4 4 1 2 4 3 1 2 4
Que. 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. 3 4 3 2 1
64

Biology : Reproductive Health ®
Pre-Medical
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
Statement-I : Lactational amenorrhea method as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Reason(R) .
is based on the fact that ovulation and therefore
Assertion (A) : In amniocentesis some of the
the cycle do not occur during the period of
allantoic fluid of developing foetus is taken to
intense lactation following parturition. analyse the fetal cells and dissolved substances.
Statement-II : IUDs decrease phagocytosis of Reason (R) : Amniocentesis is used to test for
presence of certain genetic disorders such as,
sperms with in the uterus.
down syndrome, haemophilia, sickle-cell anemia
etc.
(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. given below :
incorrect. (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct explanation of (A).
correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and
EN
Statement-II are
4.
Read the following statement carefully.
correct. (a) In test tube baby programme, embryo of 16
2. Given below are two statements: blastomeres transferred into the fallopian tube
Statement-I : Government of India legalised (b) ART requires extremely high precision
handing by specialised professionals and
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MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to expensive instrumentation

avoid its misuse. (c) PIDs, still birth, infertility are some of the
Statement-II : MTP are considered relatively complications of STDs
rd
(d) In vivo fertilisation followed by embryo
safe during the 3 trimester
transfer into the female genital tract is called
A
In the light of the above statements, choose the test tube baby programme
most appropriate answer from the options given (e) Intentional termination of pregnancy before
below: full term is called MTP
Choose the option with all incorrect statements
from the options given below
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (1) (a), (b) (2) (b), (c)
incorrect. (3) (b), (c), (e) (4) (a), (d)
correct.
correct.
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4
Ans. 2 2 4 4
65
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
Biology : Principles of Inheritance and Variations
Pre-Medical
PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATIONS
1. Identify the set of correct statement : 3. Identify the set of incorrect statement/s :
(a) Mendel investigated inheritance with usage of (a) Gene which code for a pair of contrasting
statistical analysis and mathematical logics. traits are known as Allele.
(b) Mendel's experiments had a small sampling (b) Mendelian factors are discrete units.
size. (c) A large sample size is required to make any
(c) Mendel conducted artificial pollination for the quantitative conclusion.
hybridisation experiment. (d) Graphical representation to calculate the
(d) Mendel selected 14 true-breeding pea plant probability of all possible genotype of
varieties. offsprings developed by Morgan.
Choose the correct answer from the option given Choose the correct answer from the option given
below : below :
(1) (a) and (c) only (1) (a) and (c) only
(2) (b), (c) and (d) only (2) (d) only
(3) (a), (c) and (d) only (3) (a), (b) and (d) only
2.
(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d) all
Identify the set of correct statement :
EN 4.
Identify the set of incorrect statement/s.
(a) Mendel condected test cross for the first time (a) Sometime, F1 do not resemble either of two
between a tall plant from F2 with a dwarf parents for flower colour in some plants.
plant. (b) Occasionally a single gene product may
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(b) Test cross can easily predict the genotype of produce more than one phenotype.
the test organism. (c) After maturation of seeds, BB seeds are
(c) Law of dominance explains the proportion of round and Bb seeds are wrinkled.
3 : 1 obtained at the F2. (d) Dominance is an autonomous feature of a
(d) Alleles show blending and that both the gene.
A
charecters are not recovered as such in F2 in Choose the correct answer from the option given
pea. below :
(e) Factor occurs in pairs. (1) (c) only
Choose the correct answer from the option given (2) (a), (c) and (d) only
below : (3) (c) and (d) only
(1) (a) and (e) only (4) (b) and (c) only
(2) (b), (c) and (d) only
(4) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only
66
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Biology : Principles of Inheritance and Variations ®
Pre-Medical
5. Identify the set of incorrect statement/s. 7. Identify the set of correct statement/s.
(a) In 1902, De vries, Correns and T. (a) Nowadays genetic maps are extensively used
Schermark independently rediscovered as a starting point in genome sequencing in
mendel's result on inheritance. HGP.
(b) By 1902, the chromosome movement during (b) In morgan's experiment's, wild type allele and
meiosis had been worked out by Sutton and mutant type allele are represented with (+)
Boveri. and (–) sign in superscript, respectively.
(c) Two Alleles of a gene pair are located on (c) Strength of linkage between Y and W is
different loci of homologus chromosomes. higher than W and M.
(d) Chromosome segregate at the time of (d) Pleiotropy in most cases is the effect of a
gamete formation which occurs in pairs in an gene on metabolism pathways.
individual. Choose the correct answer from the option given
Choose the correct answer from the options below :
given below : (1) (a), (b) and (d) only
(1) (a) and (c) only (2) (b), (c), (d) only
(2) (a) only (3) (a) and (d) only
(3) (c) only
EN 8.
(4) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only
Identify the set of correct statement/s.
6. Identify the set of incorrect statement/s. (a) Grasshopper is an example of female
(a) Drosophila complete their life span in about heterogamety.
two weeks. (b) In birds, total number of chromosome is
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(b) Drosophila has heteromorphic sex same in both male and female.
chromosomes in male. (c) In honey bee, fertilized egg develops queen
(c) Morgan carried out test cross in Drosophila. and unfertilized egg develops worker.
(d) Morgan attributed linkage as physical (d) Haplo-diploid sex-determination system
A
association of two genes. found in Honey bee.

(e) Morgan et al. found in drosophila that the Choose the correct answer from the option given
genes white and yellow were loosely linked. below :
Choose the correct answer from the options (1) (a) and (d) only
given below : (2) (b), (c) and (d) only
(1) (e) only (3) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(2) (a), (b) and (c) only (4) (a), (b) and (c) only
(3) (a), (c) and (e) only
(4) (a), (b), (c) and (e) only
67
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
Pre-Medical
9. Identify the set of correct statement : 11. Given below are two statements:
(a) Mutation is a phenomenon which results in Statement-I : Heterozygous female for
haemophilia may transmit the disease to sons.
change in genotype and phenotype of an
Statement-II : Sickle-cell anaemia is caused by
organism. the substitution of valine (val) by glutamic acid
(b) Chromosomal aberrations are commonly (Glu) of β-globin chain.
observed in cancer cells.
correct answer from the options given below:
(c) There are many chemical and physical (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
factors referred as mutagens. incorrect.
(d) Analysis of traits in a several of generations
incorrect.
of a family is called the pedigree analysis. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
(e) Deletions and insertions of base pairs of correct.
DNA causes point mutation. correct.
Choose the correct answer from the options 12. Given below are two statements:
given below : Statement-I : Dominant disorder in human
cause due to formation of any undesired
(1) (a), (b), (c), (d) only
chemical/protein.
(2) (a), (b), (c) only Statement-II : Recessive disorder occurs due to
(3) All are incorrect
(4) All are correct
EN lack of protein in animals.
10. Identify the set of incorrect statement/s. below:
(a) Colour blindness is a sex-linked dominant (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
incorrect.
disorder.
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(b) Colour blindness occurs in about 0.4 per incorrect.
cent of males and 8 per cent of females.
correct.
(c) Male are in heterozygous condition for (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
haemophilia and colour blindness. correct.
A

(d) Colour blindness is due to absence of some
Statement-I : Mendel's study found that the
specific proteins which forms cones. factors independently assort and combine in all
Choose the correct answer from the option given permutations and combinations.
Statement-II : Later, it was found that mendel's
below :
law of independent assortment does not hold
(1) only (a) true for the genes located on the same
(2) (a), (b) and (c) only chromosomes.
(4) only (d) below:
incorrect.
incorrect.
correct.
correct.
68
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Pre-Medical
Statement-I : One gene affect many characters Statement-I : Modified allele could be
called pleiotropic gene. responsible for production of normal enzyme.
Statement-II : Dominance is an autonomous Statement-II : Normal/unmodified allele is
feature of a gene or the gene product. responsible for production of normal enzyme.
below: below:
correct. correct.
correct.
correct.
Statement-I : Behaviour of chromosome is
Reason(R).
parallel to the behaviour of genes. EN Assertion (A) : Law of segregation is based on
Statement-II : Sutton and Boveri used
the fact that the alleles do not show any
chromosomal movement to explain mendel's
blending.
laws.
Reason (R) : Factor or alleles of a pair
segregate from each other such that a gamete
receives only one of the two factor.
below:
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incorrect.
incorrect.
correct.
A

correct.
Statement-I : ABO blood group system provide
Reason(R).
a good example of multiple alleles.
Assertion (A) : Unmodified Allele, which
Statement-II : Multiple Allele can be found in
represents the original phenotype is the
an individual of Human population.
dominant allele.
Reason (R) : A dominant allele could modified
into recessive allele by only crossing over.
below:
incorrect.
incorrect.
correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct explanation of (A).
correct.
69
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
Pre-Medical
Reason(R). Reason(R).
Assertion (A) : A gene 'T' is responsible for Assertion (A) : Phenylketonuria is an example
Tallness in pea plant. of pleiotropy.
Reason (R) : 'T' gene has genetic informations Reason (R) : Phenylketonuria manifests mental
that code for certain enzymes involve in retardation and a reduction in hair and skin
phytohormone synthesis pathway. pigmentation besides too much phenylalanine in
In the light of the above statements, choose the the body.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct answer from the options given below:
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is theEN (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
correct explanation of (A). (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
Reason(R). as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
Assertion (A) : Starch synthesis gene in Reason(R).

LL
Heterozyqous (Bb) produce intermediate size Assertion (A) : In human, we don't just have
starch grains but round seed. tall or short people as two distinct alternatives
Reason (R) : Gene for starch branching enzyme but a whole range of possible heights.
(SBE) show multiple allelism. Reason (R) : Human skin colour is a classic
A
In the light of the above statements, choose the example of pleiotropic gene.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct answer from the options given below :
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
70
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Pre-Medical
Reason(R).
Assertion (A) : Maximum 50% non-parental
gene combinations are possibly produces during
gamete formation.
Reason (R) : Maximum frequency of crossing
over could be 100% because all four chromatids
of tetrad are involves in crossing over.
correct answer from the options given below:
EN
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 3 4 2 3 1 1 1 2 4 2 2 4 4 2 4
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Ans. 2 4 4 2 4 2 4 2 2
71
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
Biology : Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Pre-Medical
MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
1. Identify the correct set of statement : 3. Identify the incorrect set of statement :
(a) The length of DNA is usually defined as (a) 5-methyl uracil is another chemical name of
number of nucleotides. thymine.
(b) Number of pair of nucleotides is (b) Elucidation of structure of DNA was
characteristic of an organism or species. proposed by Watson and crick.
(c) A bacteriophage φ × 174 has 5386 base (c) Each strand from a parental DNA act as a
pairs (bp). template for synthesis of new strand.
(d) Diploid content of human DNA is 3.3 × 10 bp.
9
(d) Two chain of DNA have parallel polarity.
(e) Human genome contains 3164.7 million bp. (e) Two chain of DNA are coiled in a left-handed
Choose the correct answer from the option given fashion only.
below : Choose the correct answer from the option given
(1) (a), (b), (e) only below :
(2) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only (1) (a), (b) and (c) only
(3) (a) and (e) only (2) (b), (d) and (e) only
2.
(4) All are correct
Identify the correct set of statement :
EN (3) (d) and (e) only
(a) A nucleotide has three components – a 4. Identify the correct set of statement :
nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and a (a) Base pairs are said to be complementary to
phosphate group. each other.
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(b) Uracil is present in RNA at the place of (b) Guanine is bonded with cytosine with three
thymine. H-bonds.
–6
(c) In adenosine, a Nitrogenous base linked to (c) Pitch of the DNA helix is 3.4 × 10 m.
pentose sugar through a N-glycosidic bond. (d) Distance between two base pair in a helix is
(d) DNA polymer has a free phosphate moiety approximately 3.4 nm.
A
at 3'- end of sugar at one end. (e) DNA is scattered throughout the cell in
(e) Backbone of a polynucleotide chain is E.coli.
formed due to sugar and phosphates. Choose the correct answer from the option given
Choose the correct answer from the option given below :
below : (1) (a) and (b) only
(1) (a), (b), (c), (e) only (2) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only
(2) (a), (d) and (e) only (3) (a), (b) and (c) only
(3) (a), (b), (c) only (4) All are correct
(4) All are correct
72
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Biology : Molecular Basis of Inheritance ®
Pre-Medical
5. Identify the correct set of statement/s. 7. Identify the incorrect set of statement/s.
(a) Histones are rich in the basic amino acid (a) RNA chemically is less reactive and
residues lysine and arginine. structurally more stable as compared to
(b) Lysine and arginine carry positive charges in DNA.
their side chain. (b) The presence of uracil at the place of
(c) Nucleosomes constitute the repeating unit of 5-methyl uracil also confer additional stability
a structure in nucleus called chromatin. to RNA.
(d) Packaging of chromatin at higher level (c) Both DNA and RNA are able to mutate.
requires additional set of proteins that (d) For transmission of genetic information,
collectively referred as non-histone RNA is better.
chromosomal protein. Choose the correct answer from the option given
(e) Heterochromation is said to be below :
transcriptionally active chromatin. (1) (a) and (b) only
Choose the correct answer from the option given (2) (c) and (d) only
below : (3) (a) only
(1) (a) and (c) only (4) (a), (b) and (c) only
(2) (a), (b), (c) and (d) only
(3) (a), (c), (d) only
EN 8. Identify the correct set of statement/s.
(a) Cscl (cesium chloride) density gradient
(4) All are correct require for distinguish normal DNA from
6. Identify the incorrect set of statement/s. heavy DNA.
15
(a) Some "transforming principle" transferred (b) N is radioactive isotope.
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from heat-killed S-strain to R-strain in (c) In Meselsn and Stall experiment DNA
Hershey and chase experiment. extracted after 2 generation have equal
(b) Proteases and RNase do not affect amount of hybrid and heavy DNA.
transformation. (d) DNA in chromosomes also replicate
A
(c) S-strain bacteria have genes for synthesis of semiconservatively.

mucous coat. Choose the correct answer from the option given
(d) Genetic material should be stable chemically below :
and do not provide the scope for any (1) (a) and (b) only
changes. (2) (a) only
Choose the correct answer from the option given (3) (a), (b), (c) only
below : (4) (a) and (d) only
(1) (c) and (d) only
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
Pre-Medical
9. Identify the correct set of statement : 12. Given below are two statements:
(a) DNA polymerase uses a DNA template to Statement-I : Split-gene arrangements
catalyse the polymerisation of
represent probably an ancient feature of the
deoxynucleotides.
(b) Diploid content of DNA in human genome, genome.
completes the process of replication within Statement-II : Process of splicing represent the
18 minutes.
dominance of RNA-world.
(c) dNTPs serve dual purpose in DNA
replication. In the light of the above statements, choose the
(d) Discontinuously synthesised fragments are most appropriate answer from the options given
later joined by DNA polymerase enzyme. below:
below :
(1) (a) and (c) only (2) (a) and (d) only incorrect.
(3) (d) only (4) All are correct (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
10. Identify the incorrect set of statement : incorrect.
(a) Principle of complementarity governs the (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
process of transcription.
correct.
(b) If both strands of DNA transcribed, they
EN
would code for RNA with same sequences. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
(c) Structural gene in transcription unit could be correct.
said as monocistronic in eukaryotes. 13. Given below are two statements:
(d) Transcription and translation can be coupled
in bacteria. Statement-I : Process of translation is easy to
(e) There is a clear cut division of labour in RNA conceptualise on the basis of complementarity.
polymerase of eukaryotes.
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Statement-II : Nirenberg's cell-free system for
protein synthesis finally helped the code to be
below :
(1) (b) only deciphered.
(2) (b), (d) and (e) only In the light of the above statements, choose the
(3) (a) and (b) only most appropriate answer from the options given
A
(4) (b), (c), (d) and (e) only

below:
Statement-I : Splicing refers to joining of exons (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
in a defined order. incorrect.
Statement-II : In capping an unusual nucleotide (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
is added to 3'-end of hn-RNA. incorrect.
below: correct.
incorrect. correct.
incorrect.
correct.
correct.
74
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Pre-Medical
Statement-I : Genetic code is nearly universal. Statement-I : 23s rRNA also acts as ribozyme
Statement-II : AUG codes of methionine (met),
for formation of peptide bond and known as
and it also acts as 'stop' codon.
In the light of the above statements, choose the peptidyl transferase enzyme.
most appropriate answer from the options given Statement-II : In prokaryotes, control of the
below:
rate of transcriptional initiation is the
incorrect. predominant site for control of gene expression.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is In the light of the above statements, choose the
incorrect.
correct. below:
correct.
incorrect.
Statement-I : Mutations may result in loss or
gain of a gene. incorrect.
Statement-II : Amino acids have no structural (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
specialities to read the code uniquely. EN correct.
most appropriate answer from the options given (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
below: correct.
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are 18. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
incorrect.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
LL
incorrect. Reason(R) .
correct. Assertion (A) : If the bacteria do not have
lactose around them they would no longer
correct.
16. Given below are two statements: require the synthesis of the enzyme beta-
A
Statement-I : Secondary structure of t-RNA has galactosidase.

been depicted that looks like a clover-leaf but in
Reason (R) : β-galactosidase is used to catalyse
actual structure, it is a compact molecule which
looks like inverted L. the hydrolysis of lactose into galactose and
Statement-II : Charging of t-RNA is the first glucose.
phase in which amino acids are activated without
using ATPs.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below :
below:
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct explanation of (A).
incorrect. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
incorrect. (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
correct. correct explanation of (A).
correct.
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
Pre-Medical
Assertion (A) : A very low level of expression Assertion (A) : In HGP genes which remains
of lac operon has to be present in the cell all the unexpressed as RNA referred as expressed
time. sequence tags (ESTs) in HGP.
Reason (R) : Lactose regulates switching on Reason (R) : One major approach focused on
and off of the operon and termed as "inducer". identifying all the genes that are expressed as
In the light of the above statements, choose the RNA in methodologies in HGP.
Reason(R) . as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

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Assertion (A) : Regulation of an operon by Reason(R) .
repressor is referred to as negative regulation. Assertion (A) : In HGP, DNA fragments were
Reason (R) : Operon under control of positive sequenced using automated DNA sequencers that
regulation are regulated by activators. worked on the principle of sanger's method.

A
In the light of the above statements, choose the Reason (R) : HGP was a mega project.
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
76
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Pre-Medical
Assertion (A) : In repetitive sequences a small Assertion (A) : VNTRs (Variable Number of
stretch of DNA is repeated many time. Tandem repeats) is the basis of "DNA
Reason (R) : The bulk DNA forms a major fingerprinting".
peak and the other small peak are referred as Reason (R) : VNTRs are small DNA sequences
satellite DNA during centrifugation. whose copy numbers varies from chromosome to
In the light of the above statements, choose the chromosome in an individual.
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 1 3 1 2 3 1 4 1 1 2 4 3 2 4
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Ans. 2 4 4 1 1 3 1 1 4
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
Biology : Origin and Evolution
Pre-Medical
ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION
1. Given below are two statements : 4. Given below are two statements :
One is labelled as assertion (A) other is labelled as One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled
reason (R) : as reason (R) :-
Assertion (A) : Genetic drift is usually more
Assertion (A) : Lichens can be used as
effective in small isolated population. industrial pollution indicators.
Reason (R): Small population always remains in Reason (R): Lichens will not grow in areas that
genetic equillibrium. are industrial polluted.
correct explanation of (A) correct explanation of (A)
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct (4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct
explanation of (A) explanation of (A)
2. Given below are two statements :
One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled
EN One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled
as reason (R) :-
as reason (R) :-
Assertion (A) : Theory of chemical evolution
proposed that first form of life could have come Assertion (A) : The first non cellular form of
from pre-existing non-living organic molecules. life could have originated 3 mya
Reason (R): The primitive earth conditions led Reason (R): The first cellular form of life could
to production of organic molecules. have originated around 2 bya
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correct explanation of (A) correct explanation of (A)
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct
A
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct
explanation of (A)
explanation of (A)
One is labelled as assertion (A) and other is
labelled as reason (R) :- One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled
as reason (R) :-
Assertion (A) : The primitive atmosphere of
earth was reducing onc i.e. without free oxygen. Assertion (A) : Brain capacity of Homo habilis
Reason (R): In the primitive atmosphere, free was 650 – 800 cc.
oxygen was involved in forming ozone about Reason (R): Type probably did not eat meat.
4.5 bya
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct
explanation of (A)
explanation of (A)
78
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Biology : Origin and Evolution ®
Pre-Medical
Statement-I : In Hardy- Weinberg principle say Statement-I : Evolution is a directed process in
that alleles frequencies in a population are stable sense of determination.
and is constant from generation to generation.
Statement-II : Evolution is a stochastic process
Statement-II : In Hardy-Weinberg principle the based on chance events in nature and chance
gene pool remains constant. mutation in the organism.
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
correct. correct.
correct.
correct.
Statement-I : Milky way is a galaxy in the
universe. Statement-I : Ramapithecus was more ape-like.
Statement-II : Our earth is part of milky way Statement-II : Dryopithecus was more man
galaxy. like.
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. EN (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
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Statement-I : Thorns of Bougainvillea and Statement-I : Homo erectus had brain capacity
tendrils of Cucurbita represents homology. between 650-800 cc.
Statement-II : Homology does not indicate Statement-II : Homo erectus did not eat meat.
common ancestry.
A

incorrect.
incorrect.
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
10. Given below are two statements: 14. Identify the correct sets of statements :-
Statement-I : According to Hugo de vries (a) The universe is almost 20 million years old
mutation are random and directionless. (b) Huge clustures of galaxies comprise the
Statement-II : Hugo de Vries work on Pisum universe
sativum (c) Considering the size of earth, universe in
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. indeed a speck.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (d) Galaxies contain stars and clouds of gas and
incorrect. dust
Choose the correct answer among the following
option given below :-
correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (1) (b) & (d) only (2) (a) & (c) only
correct. (3) (a), (b) & (d) only (4) (a), (b) & (c) only
79
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
Biology : Origin and Evolution
Pre-Medical
15. Read the following statements carefully : 18. Identify the correct sets of statements:-
(a) Agriculture came around 50,000 years back (a) When migration of a section of population to
another place and population occurs, gene
(b) Dryopithecus & Ramapithecus primates were frequency changes.
existing 15 mya, walked like man. (b) If gene migration happens multiple times
(c) Homo sapiens probably did not ate meat. there would be a gene flow.
(c) If loss of gene from a population occur by
(d) Neanderthal man lives in Asia between chance it is called as genetic drfit.
1,00,000 & 40,000 years back (d) Natural selection is a process in which
Choose the option with all incorrect statements heritable variations enabling better survival
from the options given below : are enabled to reproduce greater number of
progeny
(1) (a) & (b) only (2) (a), (b) and (c) only
(3) (b), (c) & (d) only (4) (d) only below :-
16. Identify the correct sets of statements :- (1) (a) & (b) only
(a) Dinosaurs were suddenly disappeared from (2) (c) & (d) only
the earth about 65 mya (3) (a), (b) & (c) only
(b) First mammals were shrews like (4) (a), (b), (c) & (d)
(c) Neanderthal man with brain size 1400 cc 19. Identify the correct sets of statements:-
lived in east & central Africa 75,000-10,000 (a) By the time of 500 mya, vertebrates were
year ago formed and active
(d) The skull of baby chimpanzee is more like (b) Jawless fish evolved around 350 mya.
adult human skull. EN (c) Sea weeds & few plants existed probably
Choose the correct answer among the following around 320 mya.
option given below :- (d) About 65 mya, dinosaurs suddenly appeared
(1) (a), (b) & (c) only (2) (a), (c) & (d) only on earth.
(3) (a), (b) & (d) only (4) (b), (c) & (d) only Choose the correct answer from the option given
17. Identify the correct sets of statements :- below :-
(a) Homo sapiens arose in Africa (1) (b) & (d) only
(b) Ramapithecus was more man like. (2) (a), (b) & (c) only
(c) 2 mya, Australopithecus probably lived in (3) (b), (c) & (d) only
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East Africa. (4) (b) & (c) only

(d) Agriculture come around 75,000 years back.
below :-
(1) (a) & (b) correct only
(2) (a), (b), (c) correct only
A
(3) (a), (b), (d) correct only

(4) (b) & (d) correct only
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 2 4 2 4 3 1 4 4 2 2 3 1 1 1 2
Que. 16 17 18 19
Ans. 3 2 4 4
80

Biology : Human Health and Disease ®
Pre-Medical
HUMAN HEALTH AND DISEASE
1. Choose the correct answer from the options 4. Choose the correct answer from the options
given below given below
Statement-I : Hippocrates and Indian Ayurveda Statement-I : Virus infected cells secretes
system of medicine thought that persons with protein called interleukins.
"black bile" belonged to hot personality and Statement-II : Interleukins protein protect non
would have fever. infected cell from further viral infection
Statement-II : William Harvey disproved good (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
humor hypothesis of health. incorrect.
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
incorrect. correct.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct. correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are 5. Choose the correct answer from the options
correct. given below
2. Choose the correct answer from the options
EN Statement-I : Mind and mental state can affect
given below our health.
Statement-I : Health does not simply mean Statement-II : Immune system maintains our
absence of disease or physical fitness. health.
Statement-II : Balanced diet, personal hygiene (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
and regular exercise are very important to incorrect.
maintain good health. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
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(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is correct.
incorrect. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
A
correct. 6. Choose the correct answer from the options

(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are given below
correct. Statement-I : Plasmodium, a tiny protozoan
3. Choose the correct answer from the options causes malaria.
given below Statement-II : Chill and high fever recurring
Statement-I : Caca alkaloid is obtained from every three to four days in malaria.
Erythroxylum Coca plants. (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
Statement-II : Coke interferes with transport of incorrect.
the dopamine. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is correct.
incorrect. (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
correct.
correct.
81
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
Biology : Human Health and Disease
Pre-Medical
7. Choose the correct answer from the options 10. Select the correct set of correct statements from
given below the options given below.
Statement-I : Salmonella typhi causes typhoid
(A) Innate immunity is non specific.
fever.
(B) Bacteria infected cells secrete protein called
Statement-II : Typhoid fever could be
interferons
conformed by Widal test.
(1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (C) The T-lymphocytes mediate CMI
incorrect. (D) Typhoid fever could be confirmed by Widal
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is test.
incorrect.
(1) A & B are correct
(2) B & C are correct
correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (3) C & D are correct
correct. (4) A, C & D are correct
8. Choose the correct answer from the options 11. Select the correct set of correct statements from
given below
the options given below.
Statement-I : Prevention is best option for
(A) Ig E antibody increase in allergy.
AIDS.
(B) Asthma & Rheumatoid arthritis are allergic
Statement-II : AIDS has no cure.
EN
incorrect.
disease
(C) Ig A antibody present in colostrum.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (D) Injection of preformed antibody against the
incorrect.
snake venom is called passive immunisation.
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correct.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are (2) B & C are correct
correct. (3) C & D are correct
9. Choose the correct answer from the options (4) A, C & D are correct
given below
12. Select the correct set of correct statements from
A
Statement-I : The disease which are easily

the options given below.
transmitted from one person to another, are
called infectious disease. (A) Acquired immunity is pathogen specific.
Statement-II : Infectious disease are very (B) Neutrophils and macrophages form cellular
common and everyone of us suffers from these barrier of innate immunity.
at some time or other. (C) Humoral immunity is provided by B-cells
(D) Each antibody molecule has four peptide
incorrect.
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is chain.
incorrect. (1) A & B are correct
(3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is (2) B & C are correct
correct. (3) C & D are correct
(4) A, B, C & D are correct
correct.
82

Biology : Human Health and Disease ®
Pre-Medical
13. Select the correct set of correct statements from 16. Select the correct set of correct statements from
the options given below. the options given below.
(A) Haemophilus influenzae is responsible for (A) Morphine is a very effective sedative and
pneumonia disease. pain killer.
(B) Common cold caused by Rhino virus. (B) Cannabinoid receptor is mainly found in
(C) Haemocoin responsible for the chill & high brain.

(C) Opioid receptors are present in CNS and
fever in malaria.
GIT.
(D) Virus infected cells secrete protein called
(D) Barbiturates are used as medicine to help
interferons.
patient cope with insomnia.
(1) Only A & B are correct
(2) Only B & C are correct
(3) Only C & D are correct
(3) C & D are correct
(4) Only A, B & D are correct
14. Select the correct set of correct statements from
17. Given below are two statements one is labelled as
the options given below. Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason
(A) The macrophage continue to produce virusEN (R).
and in this way like HIV factory. Assertion (A) : IgG can cross the plancenta.
(B) α interferon which activates immune system Reason (R) : IgG is smallest form of
and help in destroying the tumor immunoglobulin.
(C) Morphine extracted from the latex of poppy (1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
plant. correct explanation of (A).
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(D) Cocaine is obtained from Coca plant (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
Erythroxylum Coca. correct explanation of (A).
(1) A & B are correct (3) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
(2) B & C are correct (4) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
(3) C & D are correct 18. Given below are two statements one is labelled as
A
(4) A, B, C & D are correct Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason
15. Select the correct set of correct statements from (R).
the options given below. Assertion (A) : Balanced diet, personal hygiene
(A) Primary lymphoid organs are bone marrow and regular exercise are very important to
maintain good health.
and thymus.
Reason (R) : Yoga has been practised to
(B) Hepatitis B vaccine is produced from yeast.
achieve physical & mental illness.
(C) MALT constitutes about 50% of the
Lymphoid tissue in human body.
(D) AIDS is caused by HIV.
(3) C & D are correct
83
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
Biology : Human Health and Disease
Pre-Medical
19. Given below are two statements one is labelled as 22. Given below are two statements one is labelled as
Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason
(R). (R).
Assertion (A) : Antibody mediated immunity is Assertion (A) : AIDS is not a congenital
also called as humoral immune response. disease.
Reason (R) : The Antibodies are found in the Reason (R) : During lifetime, individual acquires
blood. deficiency of immune system.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
20. Given below are two statements one is labelled as 23. Given below are two statements one is labelled as
Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason
(R). (R).
Assertion (A) : Opium is derived from latex of Assertion (A) : HIV is a retrovirus.
unripe fruits of Papever somniferum. EN Reason (R) : RNA genome of the virus
Reason (R) : Excessive doses of drug may lead replicates to form viral DNA with the help of
to comma and death. enzyme reverse transcriptase.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the (2) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
LL
21. Given below are two statements one is labelled as
Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason
(R).
Assertion (A) : In severe cases of pneumonia,
A
the lips and finger nails may turn gray to bluish in

colour.
Reason (R) : In pneumonia the alveoli get filled
with fluid leading to severe problems in
repiration.
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 4 4 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ans. 4 2 3 2 1 2 2 2
84

Biology : Plant Breeding ®
Pre-Medical
PLANT BREEDING
Statement-I : Pusa Swani is a variety of Okra/ as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
lady finger which protect it from fungal Reason(R) .

infections. Assertion (A) : Capacity to generate a whole
Statement-II : Pusa-Sem-2 is a variety of flat plant from any cell is called totipotency.
bean which protect it from Jassids. Reason (R) : Somaclones are generally identical
In the light of the above statements, choose the to the original plant from which they are grown.
given below :
incorrect.
EN (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
correct.
incorrect.
Statement-I : Vitamin-A rich varieties of carrot,
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spinach and pumpkin are produced by plant

Reason(R) .
breeding technique.
Assertion (A) : One of the alternate source of
Statement-II : To enhance the food quality,
protein for animal and human nutrition is single
practical medium of plant breeding is called bio
A
cell protein (SCP).

fortification.
Reason (R) : Single cell proteins are produced
by growing only multicellular organisms on waste
water and animal manure.
below:
given below :
incorrect.
correct.
incorrect.
85
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
Biology : Plant Breeding
Pre-Medical
followings : followings :
(a) Pusa-Sadabahar is a variety of chilly, resistant (a) Sharabati sonara is a variety of wheat
to chilly mosaic virus. produced by mutations is responsible for
(b) Saccharum barberi is north indian variety of green revolution
sugar cane which produces more sugar. (b) Genetical variability is the root of any
(c) IR-8 is a variety of rice, developed in IRRI, breeding programe
Philippines. (c) Jaya and Ratna are indian varieties which
(d) Parabhani-kanti, is virus resistant variety of give high yields
lady finger. (d) Late blight disease of potato is caused by
Choose the correct answer from the given bacteria
options below. (e) Collection of all the alleles of all genes in a
(1) a, b and d (2) a, c and d crop is called Germplasm collection.
(3) b, c and d (4) all a, b, c and d Choose the correct answer from the options
EN given below:
(1) a, b, c, d and e (2) a, b, c and e
(3) b, c, d and e (4) a , b & c
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Ans. 3 1 1 2 2 2
86

Biology : Domestication of animals ®
Pre-Medical
DOMESTICATION OF ANIMALS
1. Given below are two statements : 4. Given below are two statements:
One is labelled as assertion (A) other is labelled as Statement-I : Inbreeding increases
reason (R) : homozygosity. Thus inbreeding is necessary if we
want to evolve a pureline.
Assertion (A) : A single out-cross often helps to
Statement-II : Inbreeding exposes harmful
overcome inbreeding depression. recessive genes that are eliminated by selection.
Reason (R) : Out-crossing is the best breeding (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
method for increasing milk productivity. (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
incorrect.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct correct.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct 5. Given below are two statements:
explanation of (A) Statement-I : Bee-keeping is the maintenance
of hives of honeybees for the production of bee
wax.
One is labelled assertion (A) and other is labelled Statement-II : Bee-wax is used in preparation
as reason (R) :- of cosmetics and polishes of various kinds.
Assertion (A) : Hisardale is new cross breed of (1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect.
EN (2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is
sheep.
incorrect.
Reason (R) : It is developed by crossing punjabi (3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is
ewe and marino ram. correct.
(1) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the (4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
6. Identify the correct sets of statements:-
(a) Inbreeding increases homozygosity.
LL
(b) Inbreeding is necessary to evolve pure lines.
(4) Both (A) and (R) are correct (R) is the correct (c) Inbreeding eliminates harmful recessive
explanation of (A) genes.
3. Given below are two statements: (d) Continued inbreeding usually reduces fertility
& even productivity.
Statement-I : MOET is one such programme Choose the correct answer among the following
for herd improvement. option given below:-
A
Statement-II : In MOET cow is administered (1) (a), (b) & (c) only (2) (a), (b), (c) & (d)
(3) (b), (c) & (d) only (4) (a), (b) & (d) only
with FSH like hormone to increase milk
7. Identify the correct sets of statements:-
production.
(a) Catla, Rohu and Hilsa are fresh water fishes.
(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. (b) Hilsa, Pomfrets & Mackerels are marine
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is fishes.
incorrect. (c) Fisheries has an important place in Indian
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is economy.
(d) Bee keeping is labour intensive.
correct.
Choose the correct answer among the following
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are option given below :-
correct. (1) (a), (b) & (c) only (2) (b), (c) & (d) only
(3) (b) & (c) only (4) (a) & (d) only
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Ans. 1 2 2 4 3 4 3
87
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
Biology : Microbes In Human Welfare
Pre-Medical
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE
Statement-I : Cyclosporine-A is a bioactive as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
molecule used as an immune suppressive drug Reason(R) .
during organ transplantation. Assertion (A) : Jatropha is a plant used as a
Statement-II : Statins produced from yeast, is source of hydrocarbon to produce petroleum.
used as blood cholesterol lowering agents. Reason (R) : It is a plant, produces milk like
In the light of the above statements, choose the substance latex in which hydrocarbons are
most appropriate answer from the options given present,
(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. most appropriate answer from the options
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is given below :
incorrect. (1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not the
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is correct explanation of (A).
correct. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is incorrect.
(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II
EN are (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
incorrect. (4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the
2. Given below are two statements: correct explanation of (A).
Statement-I : A bacterium Propionibacterium 4. Identify the correct set of statements out of
sharmanii is used to produce more CO2 in Swiss followings :
cheese. (a) Commercial production of citric acid is done
LL
Statement-II : Saccharomyces cerevisiae is in the presence of Aspergillus niger fungi
used to make breads spongy due to much (b) First antibiotic was penicillin produced from a
production of CO2. fungi
In the light of the above statements, choose the (c) Trichoderma is a free living fungi which is
most appropriate answer from the options given common in the root ecosystem
A
below: (d) Streptokinase is obtained from a bacterium

(1) Both Statement-I and II are correct. called streptobacillus
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is Choose thee correct answer from the given
incorrect. options below.
(3) Statement-I is incorrect and Statement-II is (1) a, b, c and d (2) only a and b
correct. (3) a, b and c (4) b, c and d
incorrect.
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4
Ans. 1 1 4 3
88

Biology : Biotechnology ®
Pre-Medical
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Statement-I : Restriction enzyme belong to a Statement-I : Bt toxin is produced by a
larger class of enzymes called as nucleases. bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis.
Statement-II : Each restriction endonuclease Statement-II : Bt toxin exist in active form.
recognise a specific palindromic nucleotide In the light of the above statements, choose the
sequence in the DNA. most appropriate answer from the options given
most appropriate answer from the options given (1) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are
below: incorrect.
incorrect.
incorrect.
incorrect.
correct.
2. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : About 30 recombinant
Statement-I : DNA is a positively charged therapeutics have been approved for human use
molecule move towards the negative electrode.
EN the world over.
Statement-II : Amplification of DNA in PCR is Statement-II : In India, 12 of these are
achieved by use of a thermostable DNA presently being marketed.
polymerase. In the light of the above statements, choose the
LL
correct.
correct.
A
correct.
3. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The first clinical gene therapy
Statement-I : Agrobacterium tumefaciens a was given in 1990 to a 4 year old girl with
pathogen of several monocot plants. adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency.
Statement-II : Retroviruses in animals have the Statement-II : ELISA is based on the principle
ability to transform cancerous cells into normal of antigen antibody interaction.
cells. In the light of the above statements, choose the
correct.
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
Biology : Biotechnology
Pre-Medical
Assertion (A) : RNAi is a cellular defense Assertion (A) : The first restriction
mechanism in eukaryotes. endonuclease is Hind-II and cut specific sequence
Reason (R) : RNAi is silencing of specific tRNA. of six base pairs.
In the light of the above statements, choose the Reason (R) : Exonuclease remove nucleotides
most appropriate answer from the options from the ends of DNA.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the most appropriate answer from the options
correct explanation of (A). given below :
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. correct explanation of (A).
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
8.
EN
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as correct explanation of (A).
Reason(R) . 10. Given below are two statements; one is labelled
Assertion (A) : In gel electrophoresis DNA as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
LL
fragments are separated. Reason(R) .

Reason (R) : DNA is negatively charged, so it Assertion (A) : PCR is now routinely used to
moves towards anode under electric field. detect HIV in AIDS patients.
In the light of the above statements, choose the Reason (R) : It is being used to detect mutations
A
most appropriate answer from the options in genes in suspected cancer patients too.
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the most appropriate answer from the options
correct explanation of (A). given below :
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. (1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. correct explanation of (A).
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.
correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct.
90
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Biology : Biotechnology ®
Pre-Medical
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (a) In gel electrophoresis, the most commonly
Reason(R) . used matrix is agarose.

(b) Plasmids and bacteriophages do not have the
Assertion (A) : Transgenic mice are being
ability to replicate within bacterial cells.
developed for use in testing the safety of vaccines
(c) Transformation is a procedure through which
before they are used on human.
a piece of DNA is introduced in a host
Reason (R) : Transgenic mice are being used to bacterium.
test the safety of polio vaccine. Choose the correct answer from options given
In the light of the above statements, choose the below :
most appropriate answer from the options (1) a and b only (2) a and c only
given below : (3) b and c only (4) a, b and c
(1) Both (A) & (R) are correct but (R) is not the 14. In reference to genetically modified plants,
correct explanation of (A). identify the correct uses of GM plant

(a) Crops less tolerant to abiotic stresses.
(b) Reduce reliance on chemical pesticides.
EN (c) Helps to increase post harvest losses.
(d) Increased efficiency of mineral usage by
correct explanation of (A).-
plants.
(e) Reduce nutritional value of food.
(a) Origin of replication is responsible for
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initiating replication.
below :
(b) DNA ligase acts on cut DNA molecules and
(1) a, b and c only (2) a, c and e only
joins their ends.
(3) b and d only (4) a, d and e only
(c) Plasmid is autonomously replicating circular
A
extra chromosomal DNA.

(a) When different DNAs are cut by same
(d) More than 900 restriction enzymes that have
restriction enzyme, the resultant DNA
been isolated from over 230 strains of fragments have the same kind of sticky ends.
bacteria. (b) The seperated bands of DNA are cut out
Choose the correct answer from options given from the agarose gel and extracted from the
gel piece. This step is known as elution.
below :
(c) The RNA can removed by treatment with
(1) a and c only (2) b, c and d only protease.
(3) a, c and d only (4) a, b, c and d all (d) If any protein encoding gene is expressed in
a heterologous host it is called a recombinant
protein.
below :
(1) a and b only (2) b, c and d only
(3) a, b and d only (4) a and d only
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Biology : Biotechnology
Pre-Medical
(a) In 1997 the first transgenic cow Rosie was
developed.
(b) Rosie produced human protein enriched
milk.
(c) There are an estimated 20,000 varieties of
rice in India alone.
(d) 27 Documented varieties of Basmati are
grown in India.
below :
(1) a, b and d only (2) a, c and d only
(3) b, c and d only (4) a, b, c and d all
EN
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 4 3 1 2 4 4 2 4 1 1 1 4 2 3 3
Que. 16
Ans. 1
92

Biology : Ecology ®
Pre-Medical
ECOLOGY
Assertion (A) : Thermoregulation is Assertion (A) : The available biomass for the
energetically very expensive for many organism consumption to heterotrophs is known as
like shrews and humming birds. secondary productivity.
Reason (R) : Heat loss or heat gain is a Reason (R) : A considerable amount of GPP is
function of surface area. utilised by plants in respiration.
(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is
not the correct explanation of (A). not the correct explanation of (A).
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. EN (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.
LL
Assertion (A) : The interaction where one Assertion (A) : Ecosystems are exempted from
species is benefited and the other is neither the second law of thermodynamics.
benefited nor harmed, is called commensalism. Reason (R) : Ecosystems need constant supply
A
Reason (R) : An orchid growing as an epiphyte of energy to synthesize the molecule they require
on a mango branch is an example of to counteract the universal tendency towards
commensalism. increasing disorderliness.
(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is
not the correct explanation of (A). not the correct explanation of (A).
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
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Reason(R) .
Assertion (A) : Number of trophic levels in a Reason(R) .
grazing food chain is restricted.
Assertion (A) : Animals adopt different
Reason (R) : Transfer of energy "from one
trophic level to next" follows 10 per cent law. strategies to survive in hostile environment.
Reason (R) : Praying mantis is green in color
given below : which merges with plant foliage.
(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is
not the correct explanation of (A).
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. most appropriate answer from the options
(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.
given below :
correct explanation of (A). (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is
Reason(R) . (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
Assertion (A) : The pyramid of biomass in sea
is generally upright.
EN
Reason (R) : Biomass of fishes far exceeds that
of phytoplankton in sea. correct explanation of (A).

given below : as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
LL
Reason(R) .
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong. Assertion (A) : Removal of keystone species
(4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the cause serious disruption in the function of the
A
correct explanation of (A). community.

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R) : Keystone species are low in
Reason(R) . abundance (or biomass) than the dominant
Assertion (A) : Secondary succession is faster
species.
than primary succession.
Reason (R) : Secondary succession begins in In the light of the above statements, choose the
areas where natural biotic communities have
been destroyed.
In the light of the above statements, choose the given below :
given below :
(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
not the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is wrong.
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Assertion (A) : Loss of tropical forest will Assertion (A) : A substantial fall in CO2 and
exterminate the migratory birds of cold countires. SO2 level has been found in Delhi between 1997
Reason (R) : Birds of cold countries spends the
and 2005.
winter in tropics.
Reason (R) : All the buses in Delhi were
converted to run on lead free petrol by the end
of 2002.
given below :
given below :
(3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct. (1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is
EN
11. Given below are two statements; one is labelled (3) (A) is incorrect but (R) is correct.
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as (4) Both (A) & (R) are correct and (R) is the
Reason(R) . correct explanation of (A).

LL
Assertion (A) : Catalytic converters are used in 13. Identify the correct set of statements :
automobiles to reduce air pollution. (a) Ramedeo Misra is known as father of
Reason (R) : As exhaust pass through the ecology in India.

(b) Mean annual precipitation in grassland is
A
catalytic converter, unburnt hydrocarbons are

converted into CO2 , H2O and CO is converted more than 200 cm.
into CO2. (c) Annual variation in intensity and duration of
In the light of the above statements, choose the light on earth is due to its rotation around the
most appropriate answer from the options sun and the tilt of its axis.
given below : (d) Tropical forest shows the temperature
(1) Both (A) and (R) both are correct and (R) is variation in a range between 0°C to 30°C.
(e) Regional and local variation within biome
lead to the formation of a wide variety of
habitats.
(1) a, b, c and e (2) a, b and c
(3) a, c and e (4) a, c, d and e
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14. Identify the wrong set of statements : (d) Conformers behave like regulators but only
(a) The salt concentration is less than 5 PPT in over a limited range of environmental
inland water and more than 100 PPT in condition.
hyper saline lagoons. (e) Some snails and fishes go into hibernation to
(b) Aquatic organisms living in oceans and rivers avoid cold stress.
have plenty of water to survive and do not
below :
face any water related problem.
(1) a, c and e (2) a, b and c
(c) Diurnal and seasonal variation in light
(3) b only (4) b and d
intensity and duration affects the migratory
and reproductive activities of many animals.
(a) Pug marks and fecal pellets are used for
(d) Rate of photosynthesis carried on by plants
measuring tiger population.
living in a water body depends upon the
(b) Impact of biotic and abiotic factors on
amount of light that penetrates the water.
population growth can be assessed by
Select the answer with correct options:
studying "intrinsic rate of natural growth.
(1) only b (2) b and c
(c) When resources are not limiting, the growth
(3) a and c (4) c and d
EN
(a) Average temperature on land increases from
plot is logistic.
(d) Logistic growth model is considered a more
realistic model as compared to exponential.
the equator towards the pole. (e) All population of all species in nature has its
(b) Eurythermal organism can tolerate wide disposal unlimited resources to permit
range of temperature. exponential growth.
LL
(c) Extent of geographical distribution of species Choose the correct answer from options given
depends upon the level of their thermal below :
tolerance. (1) a, b and d (2) a, b and c
(d) Temperate countries are major producers of (3) b, d and e (4) a, b, c and d
A
18. Identify the incorrect set of statements :

mango in the world.
(e) There are certain unique habitats on earth (a) Predators help in maintaining species
diversity in a community.
where temperature exceeds beyond 100°C.
(b) Predators in nature are prudent.
(c) The weed calotropis produces highly
below :
poisonous cardiac glycosides.
(1) a, b, c and e (2) b, c and e
(d) The monarch butterfly is highly distasteful to
(3) a, c and e (4) b, c, d and e
its predator because of a special chemical
present in its body.
(a) All vertebrates are capable of regulating body (e) A predator species is sustainable when it is
temperature. highly efficient.
(b) Success of mammals is largely due to their Choose the correct answer from options given
ability of thermoregulation. below :
(c) Higher plants have developed mechanisms to (1) a, b and e (2) a, b, c and d
maintain internal temperature. (3) d and e (4) only e
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19. Identify the correct set of statements : (d) Inter connected food chains make food web.
(a) An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a (e) Detritus food chain begins with primary
mango tree is an example of commensalism. producers.
(b) Lichens represent an intimate mutualistic Choose the correct answer from options given
relationship between a photosynthetic fungus below :
and saprophytic algae. (1) a, b and c only (2) a, c and d only
(c) Sea anemone and Clawn fish show prey- (3) a, b and e only (4) a, b, c and d
predator relationship. 22. Identify the correct set of statements :
(d) Gause's exclucsion principle justifies the co- (a) India has more than 50,000 genetically
existance of two closely related species. different strains of rice and 1,000 varities of
Choose the correct answer from options given mango.
below : (b) Eastern ghats have a greater amphibian
(1) a only (2) a, b and d species diversity than western ghats.
(3) a, c and d (4) a, b and c (c) According to IUCN (2004) the total number
20. Identify the correct set of statements : of plant and animal species described so far
(a) Primary productivity is lesser than secondary is slightly more than 1.5 million.
productivity.
(b) The movement of energy is
EN
always
(d) According to Rober May global species
diversity is about 7 million.
unidirectional from lower trophic level to Choose the correct answer from options given
higher trophic level in an ecosystem. below :
(c) Vertical distribution of different species (1) a, b and c (2) a, c and d
LL
occupying different levels is called (3) a, b and d (4) b, c and d

stratification. 23. Identify the correct set of statements :
(d) All the organic matter produced by the plant (a) Breakdown of large habitats into small
is converted into biomass. fragments is one of the major cause of loss of
A
(e) NPP is the available biomass for the biodiversity.

consumption to heterotrophs. (b) Extinction of steller's sea cow and passenger
pigeon is an example of co-extinctions.
below :
(c) Introduction of nile perch into lake Victoria
(1) a, c and e (2) a, b and c
in east Africa led to extinction of more than
(3) b, c and e (4) c, d and e
200 Cichlid fish in the lake.
(d) Loss of the biodiversity may lead to increased
(a) Mass of living material at each trophic level
variability in some ecosystem processes such
in a particular time is called standing crop.
as plant productivity.
(b) Number of trophic level in the grazing food
chain is restricted. below :
(c) In an aquatic ecosystem, GFC is the major (1) a, b and c (2) a, c and d
conduit for energy flow. (3) a, b and c (4) b, c and d
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24. Identify the correct set of statements : 26. Given below are two statements:
(a) Protection of entire forest to save a tiger is Statement-I : Motor vehicles equipped with
an example of in-situ conservation. catalytic converter should use leaded petrol
(b) Biodiversity hot spot regions shows high because lead activates the catalyst.
degree of endemism and high level of species Statement-II : CNG burns more efficiently
richness. unlike petrol or diesel and very little of it is left
(c) The earth summit was held in Rio-de unbrunt.
Jameiro in 1992 for the protection of ozone In the light of the above statements, choose the
layer.
below:
(d) Zoological parks and botanical gardens
serves the purpose of ex-situ conservation.
incorrect.
below : EN (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is
(1) a, b and d (2) a, b and c
correct.
(3) b, c and d (4) a, c and d
correct.
Statement-I : Particulate size of 2.5 27. Given below are two statements:
LL
micrometer or less in diameter are responsible Statement-I : Regional and local variations
for causing the greatest harm to human health. within each biome lead to the formation of a
Statement-II : Electrode wires are maintained wide variety of habitates.
at several thousand volts to remove particulate Statement-II : Arctic and alpine tundra biomes
A
matter by using electrode static precipitator. show highest temperature on earth.
below: below:
incorrect.
incorrect.
correct.
correct.
correct.
correct.
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Statement-I : Leaves of Opuntia are reduced to Statement-I : Herbivores and plants appear to
spines and photosynthetic function is taken over be more adversely affected by competition than
by stems. carnivores.
Statement-II : Mammals from hot climates Statement-II : Abingdon tortoise in Galapagos
generally have shorter ears and limbs to island became extinct within a decade after goats
maximise heat loss. were introduced on island, apparently due to the

In the light of the above statements, choose the greater browsing efficiency of the goat.

(1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect. below:
(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is (1) Both Statement-I and II both are incorrect.

EN incorrect.
correct. (3) Statement-I is incorrect but Statement-II is

LL
Statement-I : Immigration is the number of 31. Given below are two statements:
individuals of same species who left the habitat Statement-I : Under a particular selection
and gone elsewhere during the time period under pressure organisms evolve towards the most
consideration. efficient reproduction strategy.
A
Statement-II : Natality and emigration Statement-II : Most of the birds and mammals
countribute to an increase in population density. breed only once in their lifetime.

below: below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
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Statement-I : All autotrophic plants are self- Statement-I : Pyramid of energy is always
sustainable and do not need any other species for upright.
survival. Statement-II : A given species may occupy
Statement-II : In nature animals, plants and
more than one trophic level in the same
microbes do not and cannot live in isolation but
ecosystem at the same time.
interact in various ways to form biological
community.
below:
below:
incorrect.
EN

33. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : The natural reservoir of
LL
Statement-I : Dark coloured amorphous phosphorus is rock, which contain phosphorus in

substance humus is highly prone to microbial the form of phophates.
action and undergoes decomposition at very fast
Statement-II : Significant gaseous exchange of
rate.
phosphorus takes place between organisms and
A
Statement-II : Detritivores help in

environment.
mineralisation and humification of detritus.
below:
below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
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Statement-I : The biotic community is dynamic Statement-I : Communities with more species
and undergoes changes with the passage of time. shows less year-to-year variation in total biomass.
Statement-II : The changes in the biotic Statement-II : Community with higher
communities during succession are sequentially biodiversity shows high productivity.
ordered. In the light of the above statements, choose the

EN correct.
37. Given below are two statements: Statement-I : Exploring molecular, genetic and
LL
Statement-I : The diversity of plants and species level diversity for products of economic
animals is uniform throughout the world. importance is known as bioprospecting.
Statement-II : In general species diversity Statement-II : Aproximetely more than 25% of

A
decreases as we move away from equator drugs currently sold in the market worldwide are
towards the pole. derived from plants.
below: below:
correct. correct.
correct. correct.
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Statement-I : Polyblend a fine powder of
recycled modified plastic was developed by
Ahmed Khan.
Statement-II : Integrated organic farming
allows the maximum utilisation of resources and
increases the efficiency of production.
below:
incorrect.
correct.
(4) Both
correct.
Statement-I and
EN
Statement-II are
LL
A
ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 4 1 3 3 4 3 4 1 1 4 4 2 3 1 2
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 3 1 4 1 3 4 2 2 1 4 3 2 2 1 4
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. 2 3 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4
102

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Biology Extra Edge ®

Biology Extra Edge

01. Plant diversity 1

20. Life cycle of angiosperm 57

Statement-II : In numerical taxonomy each Statement-II : Major pigments chlorophyll a, d

below: In the light of the above statements, choose the

Reason (R). Reason (R).

Reason (R) : In algae, mitosis in zygote results heterosporous.

given below : most appropriate answer from the options

Reason (R). as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

Assertion (A) : Mosses are of great ecological Reason (R).

importance. Assertion (A) : In heterosporous pteridophytes,

given below : given below :

Reason (R). Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : In gymnosperms endosperm is Assertion (A) : Sexual reproduction in Ulothrix

amphibians of plant kingdom. oogamous.

Laminaria, Sargassum are brown algae. (b) In homosporous pteridophytes, spores

(e) In Cycas the pinnate leaves persist for few

(1) Both Statement-I and II are incorrect. below:

(4) Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct.

correct explanation of (A). as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

incorrect. most appropriate answer from the options

region of maturation. Reason (R) : In cymose type of inflorescence

Reason (R). (b) If the margins of sepals and petals overlap

given below : Choose the correct answer from options given

oxygen for respiration. (b) Embryo in monocot seed consists of one

(b) Br⊕ P(3+3) A3+3 G (2) is the floral formula

(e) % K(5) C1+2+(2) A(9)+1 G1 is the floral formula

Choose the correct answer from options given EN

correct. most appropriate answer from the options

towards the centre (pith) and the metaxylem lies

generally more active on the inner side than on phloem.

II. They are not used in flying correct.

(3) I and IV Statement-II : In female cockroach each ovary

Statement-I : Periplasmic space in bacteria

incorrect. Statement-II : Heterophagosomes are formed

Statement-II : Golgi complex is called suicidal correct explanation of (A).

bag of cell. (2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

(2) Statement-I is correct but statement-II is Reason(R) .

correct explanation of (A). in gametogenesis.

triose sugar. as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as

as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R) .

(a) Diffusion rates are affected by the gradient of below :

succinic acid, a molecule of GTP is

(3) b, c and d only (4) c and d only

(c) The plant growth regulators are small simple

(2) c and d correct, a & b incorrect

(4) all are correct

given below : below:

Statement-I : The anatomical setup of lungs in times higher than that of O2

Statement-II : Contraction of diaphragm and compared to that of O2.

through plasma. transport

primarily related to partial pressure of minute quantities of the same is present in

percentage saturation of haemoglobin with correct explanation of (A).

moderate the functions of Respiratory rhythm regulation of respiratory rhythm is quite

correct explanation of (A).

(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct.

correct explanation of (A).

correct explanation of (A).

Choose the correct answer from options given

Reason (R) : CAD is caused due to Ca , fat,

Statement-II : Rh factor is found freely in blood Statement-II : Adrenal medullary hormones

(1) a, b and d only (2) a, c and e only