Vocabulary PDF

Essential Word Power MDCAT Prof.
Imran Sohail
1. Appalling:
Adjective: causing shock or dismay

He suffered appalling injuries during the attack.
Synonyms:
Shocking | horrific | horrifying | horrible | terrible | awful | dreadful | ghastly | hideous
horrendous | frightful | atrocious | abominable | abhorrent |outrageous | hateful | loathsome
odious | gruesome | grisly | monstrous | nightmarish | heinous | harrowing | dire | vile
shameful | unspeakable | unforgivable | unpardonable | abject | disgusting | revolting
repellent | repulsive | repugnant | sickening | nauseating | egregious | very bad | awful
dreadful | very bad | terrible | frightful | atrocious | disgraceful | deplorable | shameful
hopeless | lamentable | laughable | substandard | poor | inadequate | inferior | unsatisfactory
rotten | woeful | crummy | pathetic | pitiful | useless | lousy | god-awful | shocking | abysmal
dire | poxy | the pits | duff | chronic | pants | hellacious
Antonyms:
Admirable | excellent | beautiful | calming | comforting | delightful | good | nice | pleasant |
pleasing
2. Astounded:
Adjective: shocked or greatly surprised

I was astounded to see the beauty of orchard.
Synonyms:
Amazed | astonished | staggered | surprised | startled | stunned | confounded | dumbfounded
| stupefied | dazed | nonplused | thrown | shaken | unnerved | disconcerted | discomposed |
bewildered | taken someone's breath away | taken by surprise | taken aback | shaken up | stop
someone in their tracks | stricken dumb | left open-mouthed | left aghast | caught off balance |
flabbergasted | floored | knocked for six | knocked someone sideways | knocked out | knocked
the stuffing out of | bowled over | blown someone's mind | blown away
3. Apparently:
Adverb: as far as one knows or can see
The child nodded, apparently content with the promise.
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Essential Word Power MDCAT Prof. Imran Sohail
Synonyms:
Seemingly | evidently | it seems (that) | it would seem (that) | it appears (that) | it would
appear (that) as far as one knows | by all accounts | so it seems | ostensibly | outwardly | on
the face of it | to all appearances | to all intents and purposes | on the surface | so the story
goes | so I'm told | allegedly | supposedly | reputedly | possibly | probably | as if | as though |
at a glance | at first sight | in all likelihood | intuitively | most likely | plausibly | professedly |
reasonably | reputably | speciously | superficially | tangibly | to all appearances
Antonyms:
Improbably | unlikely | dubiously | equivocally | questionably | uncertain
4. Attached to:
Adjective: connected to something; full of affection

I am still attached to this bicycle.
Joined | fastened | connected | fixed | affixed | coupled | linked | bridged | tied | tied up |
bound | fettered | strapped | roped | tethered | trussed | coupled | linked | secured | made
fast | trussed | Lashed | hitch | moor | anchor | yoke | chain | stick | tape | adhere | glue |
bond | cement | Fuse | weld | solder | pin | peg | screw | bolt | rivet | batten | pinion | clamp
| clip | hook (up) | Add | append | annex | subjoin | concatenate | associate | link | couple |
identify | equate | bracket | compare | relate to | mention in the same breath as | set side by
side with | draw a parallel with
Antonyms:
Dissociate | disconnect | disconnected | disjoined | unaffiliated | uncombined | unconnected |
unrelated
5. Appraised:
Verb: assess the value or quality of (Past: appraised; Past Participle: appraised)
There is a need to appraise existing techniques.
Synonyms:
Assess | evaluate | estimate | judge | rate | gauge | sum up | review | consider | size up |
value | price | set a price on | estimate | quote | survey | analyze | get a line on | go by
something |go on something | go over | go through something | inquire | judge | scrutinize
Antonyms:
Disqualify| convict | disparage | disapproval | fail | reject | disapprove | undervalue | discard |
condemn | brand | misappreciate | misestimate
6. Alas:
Exclamation: used to express grief, pity or concern

Alas! My funds have some limitations.
Synonyms:
Dear | gee | oh | woe | dear me | too bad | woe is me
7. Abruptly :
Adjective: sudden and unexpected

I was surprised by the abrupt change of subject.
Synonyms:
Sudden | immediate | instantaneous | hurried | hasty | quick | swift | rapid | speedy |
precipitate | unexpected | surprising | startling | unanticipated | unforeseen | without warning
Violent | headlong | breakneck | meteoric | curt | brusque | blunt | short | sharp | terse | brisk
Crisp | gruff | snappish | snappy | unceremonious | offhand | cavalier | rough | harsh | rude
discourteous | uncivil | surly | churlish | bluff | no-nonsense | to the point | laconic
Opposite:
Friendly | polite | expansive | gradual | unhurried
8. Accentuated:
Verb: make more noticeable or prominent (Past/ Past Participle: accentuated)
His jacket unfortunately accentuated his paunch.
Synonyms:
Focus attention on | bring/call/draw attention to | point up | underline | underscore | accent
Highlight | spotlight | foreground | feature | give prominence to | make more prominent |
make more noticeable | play up | bring to the fore | heighten | stress | emphasize | put/lay
emphasis on
Opposite:
Mask | divert attention from
9. Anxieties:
Noun: a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome
He felt a surge of anxiety.
Synonyms:

Worry | concern | apprehension | apprehensiveness | consternation | uneasiness | unease
Fearfulness | fear | disquiet | disquietude | perturbation | fretfulness | agitation | angst
Nervousness | nerves | edginess | tension | tenseness | stress | misgiving | trepidation
Foreboding | suspense | butterflies (in one's stomach) | the willies | the heebie-jeebies
The jitters | the shakes | the jumps | the yips | collywobbles | jitteriness | jim-jams |
twitchiness | the (screaming) abdabs | Joe Blakes | worriment | eagerness | keenness | desire
Impatience | longing | yearning
Opposite:
Calmness | serenity
10. Boon:
Noun: a thing that is helpful or beneficial

The route will be a boon to many travellers.
Synonyms:
Blessing | godsend | bonus | good thing | benefit | help | aid | advantage | gain | asset
Privilege | luxury | windfall | bonanza | stroke of luck | piece of good fortune | perk | plus
Plus point | pro | perquisite | benison
Opposite:
Curse | disadvantage
11. Bewilder:
Verb: cause (someone) to become perplexed and confused.
She was bewildered by his sudden change of mood.
Synonyms:
Baffle | mystify | bemuse | perplex | puzzle | confuse | confound | nonplus | disconcert |
throw | set someone thinking | flummox | discombobulate | faze | stump | beat | fox | be all
Greek to | make someone's head spin | floor | fog | buffalo | wilder | gravel | maze | cause to
be at a stand | distract | pose | obfuscate
Opposite:
Enlighten
12. Briskly:
Adverb: at high speed
He was walking briskly.
Synonyms:
Quickly | rapidly | swiftly | speedily | at speed | at full speed | at full tilt | energetically | hastily
with all haste | in haste | hurriedly | in a hurry | post-haste | pell-mell | without delay |
expeditiously | with dispatch | like a shot | like a flash | in a flash | in the blink of an eye | in a
wink | in a trice | in no time (at all) | on the double | at the speed of light | like an arrow from a
bow | double quick | in double quick time | pretty damn quick | nippily | like (greased) lightning
At warp speed | hell for leather | like mad | like crazy | like the wind | like a bomb | like
nobody's business | like a scalded cat | like the deuce | a mile a minute | like a bat out of hell
Like the clappers | at a rate of knots | like billy-o | lickety-split | apace
Opposite:
Slowly
13. Bead:
Noun: a small piece of glass, stone, or similar material that is threaded with others to make a
necklace or rosary or sewn on to fabric.
Long strings of beads are used for multiple purposes.
Synonyms:

Ball | pellet | pill | globule | spheroid | spherule | sphere | oval | ovoid | orb | round | pearl |
necklace | string of beads | chaplet | rosary | droplet | drop | blob | bubble | dot | dewdrop
Teardrop | glob
14. Brimming:
Verb: be full to the point of overflowing (gerund or present participle: brimming)
Synonyms:
Full | filled up | filled to the top | full to capacity | packed with | overflow | run/well over
Overfull | full to overflowing/bursting | spilling over | running over | crammed full | cram-full
Jammed | overcrowded | packed like sardines | congested | choked | overloaded |
overpopulated | over-peopled | overrun | crowded | thronged | swarming | teeming |
bursting/bulging at the seams | full to the gunwales | jam-packed | heaving | like Piccadilly
Circus | overspill | spill | spillage | flood | flooding | inundation
15. Baffling:
Totally bewildered or perplexed (gerund or present participle)
Synonyms:
Perplex | puzzle | bewilder | mystify | bemuse | confuse | confound | nonplus | disconcert |
throw | set someone thinking | flummox | discombobulate | faze | stump | beat | fox | be all
Greek to | floor | fog | buffalo | wilder | gravel | maze | cause to be at a stand | pose |
obfuscate | puzzling | bewildering | perplexing | mystifying | bemusing | confusing | unclear |
difficult/hard to understand | beyond one | above one's head | mysterious | enigmatic |
obscure | abstruse | unfathomable | inexplicable | incomprehensible | impenetrable | cryptic |
opaque | wildering | thwart | frustrate | foil | balk | check | block | hinder | obstruct | bar |
prevent | deflect | divert
Opposite:
Enlighten | clear | comprehensible
16. Bashful:
Adjective: reluctant to draw attention to oneself
Everything you need to know but have been too bashful to ask.
Synonyms:
Shy | reserved | diffident | retiring | self-conscious | coy | demure | reticent | reluctant |
shrinking| timid | timorous | meek | hesitant | apprehensive | nervous | insecure | doubting |
wary | unconfident | inhibited | faint-hearted | embarrassed | shamefaced | sheepish
Opposite:
Bold | confident
17. Beckon:
Verb: (Past/Past Participle: beckoned)
Make a gesture with the hand, arm, or head to encourage or instruct someone to approach or
follow
Synonyms:
Gesture | signal | wave | gesticulate | make a gesture | motion | nod | call | summon | entice |
invite | tempt | coax | lure | charm | attract | draw | pull (in) | bring in | call | allure | interest
| fascinate | engage | enchant | captivate | persuade | induce | catch the eye of
18. Coveted:
Adjective: greatly desired or envied.
I gave up a coveted job, that of editor-in-chief.
Synonyms:

Desired | consumed with desire for | craved | having one's heart set on | wanted | wished for |
longed for | yearned for | dreamed of | aspire to | hankered for | hankered after | hunger
after/for | thirst for | ache for | fancy | burn for |pant for
19. Credentials:
Noun: a qualification, achievement, quality, or aspect of a person's background, especially when
used to indicate their suitability for something.
Recruitment is based mainly on academic credentials.
Synonyms:
Documents | papers | identity papers | identification papers | bona fides | warrant | licence |
permit | pass | ID | card | ID card | identity card | passport | proof of identity | proof of
qualifications | certificate | diploma | voucher | documentation | references | testimonial |
letter of introduction | letter of recommendation | missive | deed | title
20. Capacious:
Adjective: having a lot of space inside; roomy.
She rummaged in her capacious handbag.
Synonyms:
Roomy | commodious | spacious | ample | big | large | sizeable | generous | extensive |
substantial | vast | huge | immense | voluminous | spacey
Opposite:
Cramped | small
21. collided with:
Verb: hit by accident when moving.
She collided with someone.
Synonyms:
crash (into) | come into collision (with) | bang (into) | slam (into) | impact (with) | hit | strike |
run into | meet head-on | smash into | smack into | cannon into | plough into | bump into |
crack into/against | knock into | dash against | barrel into | come into conflict or opposition |
conflict | be in conflict | come into conflict | be in opposition | clash | differ | diverge | disagree
| be at variance | be at odds | be incompatible
22. crudely:
Adverb: in a rudimentary or makeshift way
Synonyms:
Unrefined | unpurified |unprocessed | untreated | unmilled | unworked | unpolished | coarse
| unprepared | raw | natural | plain | primitive | simple | basic | rudimentary | rough | rough
and ready | rough-hewn | make-do | makeshift | improvised | cobbled together | throw |
together | homespun | unfinished | unpolished | unformed | undeveloped | rude
Opposite:
Sophisticated | Refined
23. confront:
Verb: come face to face with (someone) with hostile or argumentative intent
300 policemen confronted an equal number of union supporters.
Synonyms:
Challenge | square up to | oppose | resist | defy | beard | tackle | attack | assault | approach |
face up to | face | meet | come face to face with | stand up to | brave | detain | accost |
waylay | take aside | stop | halt | collar | nobble | trouble | bother | be in someone's way |
burden | distress | cause trouble to | cause suffering to | beset | harass | worry | oppress |
annoy | vex | irritate | exasperate | strain | stress | tax | torment | plague | blight | bedevil |

rack | smite| curse | harrow | discommode | get to grips with | apply oneself to | address
oneself to | address | set about | go about | get to work at | busy oneself with | set one's hand
to | grapple with | approach | take on | attend to | see to | throw oneself into | try to solve |
try to deal with | try to cope with | learn to live with | try to sort out | deal with | take
measures about | take care of | pursue | handle | manage | have a crack at | have a go at |
have a shot at | get stuck into
24. compelled:
Verb: force or oblige (someone) to do something.
A sense of duty compelled Harry to answer her questions.
Synonyms:
Force | coerce into | pressurize into | pressure | impel | drive | press | push | urge | prevail on
| dragoon into | browbeat into | bully into | bludgeon into | intimidate into | terrorize into |
oblige | require | put under an obligation | leave someone no option but to | make | bulldoze |
railroad | steamroller | twist someone's arm | strong-arm | lean on | put the screws on |
constrain | exact | extort | demand | insist on | enforce | necessitate
25. coaxed:
Verb: gently and persistently persuade (someone) to do something.
The trainees were coaxed into doing boring work.
Synonyms:
Persuade | wheedle | cajole | talk into something | get round | prevail on | beguile | flatter |
seduce | lure | entice | tempt | inveigle | woo | maneuver | sweet-talk | soft-soap | butter up |
twist someone's arm | blandish
26. comprehension:
Noun: the ability to understand something
Some won't have the least comprehension of what I'm trying to do.
Synonyms:
Understanding | ability to understand | grasp | grip | conception | apprehension | cognition |
cognizance | ken | knowledge | awareness | perception | discernment | interpretation
Opposite:
Ignorance | incomprehension
27. curious:
Adjective: eager to know or learn something; strange; unusual.
I began to be curious about the whereabouts of the bride and groom.
Synonyms:
Strange | odd | peculiar | funny | unusual | bizarre | weird | eccentric | queer | unexpected |
unfamiliar | abnormal | out of the ordinary | atypical | anomalous | untypical | different | out
of the way | surprising | incongruous | extraordinary | remarkable | puzzling | mystifying |
mysterious | perplexing | baffling | unaccountable | inexplicable | irregular | singular | offbeat
| unconventional | unorthodox | outlandish | off-centre | aberrant | freak | freakish | deviant |
uncanny | eerie | unnatural | out of the common | outré | unco | off the wall | wacky | rum |
wacko
Opposite:
Ordinary
28. Casually:
Adverb: in a relaxed and informal way
Synonyms:

Relaxed | friendly | natural | informal | unceremonious | unpretentious | easy-going | free and
easy | uninhibited | open | laid-back | temporary | part-time | impermanent | freelance |
irregular | occasional | intermittent | outside | outsourced
29. Confine: (Gerund or Present Participle: Confining)

Verb: keep or restrict someone or something within certain limits of (space, scope, or time).
He does not confine his message to high politics.
Synonyms:
Enclose | incarcerate | imprison | intern | impound | hold captive | trap | shut in/up | keep |
pen in/up | cage | lock in/up | coop (up) | box up/in | immure | mew up | fence in | hedge in |
hurdle | rail in | wall in/up | encircle | surround | ring | encompass | hem in | close in | kettle |
corral | gird | compass | restrict | limit | keep within the limits of | not allow to go beyond
Opposite:
Release
30. Cram: (Past / Past Participle: Crammed)
Verb: completely fill (a place or container) to the point of overflowing
The ashtray by the bed was crammed with cigarette butts.
Verb: study intensively over a short period of time just before an examination
Lectures were called off so students could cram for the semester finals.
Synonyms:
Stuff | pack | jam | fill | crowd | throng | overfill | fill up | fill to overflowing | stuff to the gills |
fill to the brim | overcrowd | overload | study intensively | revise | swot | mug up | bone up
31. Confirm:
Verb: establish the truth or correctness of (something previously believed or suspected to be the
case)
If these fears are confirmed, the outlook for the economy will be dire.
Synonyms:
Affirm | reaffirm | assert | reassert | give an assurance | assure someone | repeat | say again |
state again | pledge | promise | guarantee | corroborate | bear out | verify | show the truth of
| prove | validate | authenticate | substantiate | give substance to | justify | vouch for |
vindicate | give credence to | support | uphold | back up | ratify | validate | sanction | endorse
| formalize | certify | underwrite | authorize | warrant | accredit | approve | recognize | agree
to | consent to | accept
Opposite:
Revoke | repudiate | contradict | deny
32. Caution: (Past / Past Participle: Cautioned)
Verb: say something as a warning.
Advisers have cautioned against tax increases.
Synonyms:
Advise | warn | recommend | counsel | urge | admonish | exhort | give an injunction to |
reprimand | rebuke | reprove | scold | tell off | give someone a telling-off | give someone a
dressing-down | give someone a talking-to | give someone a ticking-off | carpet
33. Captivate: (Past / Past Participle: Captivated)
Verb: attract and hold the interest and attention of; charm
He was captivated by her beauty.
Synonyms:

Enthrall | charm | enchant | bewitch | fascinate | beguile | entrance | enrapture | delight |
attract | allure | lure | win | ensnare | dazzle | absorb | engross | rivet | grip | hypnotize |
mesmerize | spellbind | infatuate | enamour | seduce | woo | ravish | charming | enchanting |
bewitching | fascinating | beguiling |entrancing | alluring | engaging | interesting | winning |
delightful | attractive | beautiful | charismatic | dazzling | engrossing | riveting | gripping |
enthralling | spellbinding | seductive
Opposite:
Repel | bore | repellent | boring
34. Condescend: (Past / Past Participle: Condescended)
Verb: show that one feels superior; be patronizing.
Take care not to condescend to your reader.
Synonyms:
Patronize | treat condescendingly | speak condescendingly to | speak haughtily to | talk down
to | look down one's nose at | look down on | put down | be snobbish to | deign | stoop |
descend | lower oneself | humble oneself | demean oneself | debase oneself | vouchsafe |
think fit | see fit | deem it worthy of oneself |consent
35. Criterion: (Plural Noun: Criteria)
Noun: a principle or standard by which something may be judged or decided.
They award a green label to products that meet certain environmental criteria.
Synonyms:
Basis | point of reference | standard | norm | yardstick | benchmark | touchstone | test |
formula | measure | gauge | scale | barometer | indicator | litmus test | specification | guide |
guideline | guiding principle | principle | rule | law | canon | convention
36. Daintily:
Adverb: in an attractive, careful way, especially used about something small or
having small movements
She skipped daintily down the street, holding her father's hand.
Synonyms: Casually | delicately | easily | faintly | freely | gingerly | mildly | moderately |
quietly | simply | slightly | softly | sparsely | subtly | tenderly | thinly | agilely | airily |
breezily | carelessly | ethereally | flippantly | frivolously | heedlessly | indifferently |
leniently | nimbly | peacefully | readily | slightingly | smoothly | sparingly | tenuously |
thoughtlessly | timidly | unsubstantially | well
Opposites:
Difficultly | roughly | uncarefully | effortfully | heavily
37. Dispensing:
Verb: distribute or provide (a service or information) to a number of people
Orderlies went round dispensing drinks.
Synonyms:
Distribute | pass round | pass out | hand out | deal out | dole out | share out | divide out |
parcel out | allocate | allot | apportion | assign | bestow | confer | supply | disburse | dish out
| waive | omit drop | leave out | forgo | give up | relinquish | renounce | ignore | disregard |
pass over | brush aside | do away with | put a stop to | put an end to | cut out | give something
| a miss | knock something on the head | get rid of | throw away | throw out | cast aside |
dispose of | discard | shed | manage without | do without | cope without | ditch | scrap | axe |
junk | dump | chuck out | chuck away | get shut of | get shot of | trash
Opposite:
Collect | include | keep
38. Dispute:
(i) Noun: a disagreement or argument
A territorial dispute between the two countries led to chaos.
Synonyms:
Debate | discussion | discourse | disputation | argument | controversy | contention |
disagreement | altercation | falling-out | quarrelling | variance | dissension | conflict | friction |
strife | discord | antagonism | velitation | contestation | quarrel | squabble | shouting match |
difference of opinion | clash | wrangle | feud | fight | fracas | brawl | donnybrook | tiff | spat |
scrap | run-in | row | barney | slanging match | ding-dong | bust-up | afters | rammy | rhubarb
| broil | miff
Opposite:
Agreement
(ii) Verb: argue about (something)
The point has been much disputed.
Synonyms:
Debate | discuss | exchange views | quarrel | argue | disagree | have a disagreement | have an
altercation | clash | wrangle | bicker | squabble | bandy words | cross swords | lock horns | fall
out | have words | argufy | scrap | have a tiff | have a spat | altercate
39. Distract:
Verb: prevent (someone) from concentrating on something
Don't allow noise to distract you from your work.
Synonyms:
Divert | deflect | sidetrack | turn aside/away | draw away | disturb | put off | cause to lose
concentration | disturbing | unsettling | intrusive | disconcerting | bothersome | confusing |
off-putting | divert (attention) from something
40. Drummed:
Verb:
(i) play on a drum
He channeled his energies into drumming with local groups.
(ii) make a continuous rhythmic noise
She felt the blood drumming in her ears.
(iii) beat (the fingers, feet, etc.) repeatedly on a surface, especially as a sign of impatience or
annoyance
I saw them waiting around an empty table, drumming their fingers.
Synonyms:
Tap | beat | rap | knock | strike | thud | thump | hit | tattoo | thrum
41. Dilapidated:
Adjective: (of a building or object) in a state of disrepair or ruin as a result of age or neglect
I saw many old, dilapidated buildings in Taxila.
Synonyms:
run down | tumbledown | ramshackle | broken-down | in disrepair | shabby | battered |
rickety | shaky | unsound | crumbling | in ruins | ruined | decayed | decaying | deteriorating |
deteriorated | decrepit | worn out | neglected | uncared-for | untended | unmaintained |
badly maintained | the worse for wear | falling to pieces | falling apart | gone to rack and ruin |
gone to seed | shambly | slummy | shacky | rumpty
Opposite:
Smart | intact
42. Disconsolately:
Adverb: in a way that shows someone is extremely sad and disappointed
I sat disconsolately on my bed looking at old photographs.

Synonyms:
Desperately | sadly | dispiritedly | cynically | darkly | dejectedly | desolately | despairingly |
despondently | dismally | emptily | gloomily | pessimistically | spiritlessly
Antonyms:
Confidently | expectantly | hopefully
43. Delicately:
Adverb:
(i) in a manner displaying fineness of texture or structure
A silk dress delicately embroidered in gold
(ii) in a pleasantly subtle and subdued manner; lightly
(iii) in a very careful or finely judged manner; gently
She took the jewel in her hands, holding it delicately.
(iv) in a highly sensitive or thoughtful way; tactfully
That's a sensitive issue that has to be approached delicately.
Synonyms:
Beautifully | cautiously | deftly | elegantly | exquisitely | finely | gracefully | lightly | sensitively
skillfully | softly | subtly | tactfully | daintily | fastidiously | precisely
Antonyms:
Indelicately | strongly | carelessly
44. Dank:
Adjective: unpleasantly damp and cold
Synonyms:
Damp | musty | chilly | clammy | wet | moist | unaired | moisture-laden | humid | claggy
Opposite:
Dry
45. Disguise:
(i) Verb: give (someone or oneself) a different appearance in order to conceal one's identity
We took elaborate measures to disguise ourselves as locals.
Synonyms:
Dress oneself up as | pass oneself of as | pretend to be | impersonate | pose as | personate | in
disguise | camouflaged | incognito | under cover | unrecognizable | sailing under false colors
(ii) Noun: a means of altering one's appearance to conceal one's identity
I put on dark glasses as a disguise.
Synonyms:
False appearance | camouflage | concealment | outfit | costume | get-up
46. Definite:
(i) Adjective: clearly stated or decided; not vague or doubtful.
We have some definite plans.
Synonyms:
Explicit | specific | express | precise | exact | defined | well defined | clear-cut | determined |
fixed | established | confirmed | direct | concrete | hard | plain | outright | unmistakable |
irrefutable | unequivocal | unambiguous | certain | undisputed | decided | marked | distinct |
unquestioned | not in question | not in doubt
Opposite:
Vague | indefinite | slight
(ii) Adjective: clearly true or real; unambiguous
No definite proof has emerged so far.
Synonyms:
Certain | sure | positive | absolute | conclusive | decisive | firm | concrete | final |
unambiguous | unequivocal | unquestionable | unarguable | clear | manifest | obvious | patent
| unmistakable | proven | black and white | hard and fast | as plain as daylight | guaranteed |
settled | decided | assured | cut and dried
Opposite:
Uncertain | ambiguous
47. Enchanted:
(i) Adjective: placed under a spell; bewitched
I read about an enchanted garden in a fiction.
(ii) filled with delight; charmed
The orchestra played classical favorites to an enchanted audience.
Synonyms:
Captivated | charmed | delighted | dazzled | enraptured | entranced | enthralled | beguiled |
bewitched | spellbound | ensnared | fascinated | hypnotized | mesmerized | diverted |
absorbed | engrossed | riveted | gripped | transfixed | tickled someone pink | bowled someone
over | got under someone's skin | raptured
Opposite
Repelled bored
48. Encouraged:
(i) Verb: give support, confidence, or hope to (someone)
We were encouraged by the success of this venture.
Synonyms:
Hearten | cheer | buoy up | uplift | inspire | motivate | egg on | spur on | stir | stir up | whip
up | fire up | stimulate | animate | invigorate | vitalize | revitalize | embolden | fortify | rally |
incite | lift the spirits of | raise the morale of | stiffen the resolve of | buck up | pep up | give a
shot in the arm to | light a fire under | inspirit | spirit someone up | fillip | incentivize |
promising | hopeful | auspicious | propitious | favourable | bright | rosy | cheerful | full of
promise | heartening | reassuring | stimulating | inspiring | uplifting | cheering | comforting |
welcome | pleasing | gratifying | supportive | affirmative | sympathetic | sensitive |
understanding | helpful | positive | responsive | enthusiastic | appreciative
Opposite:
Discourage | discouraging | unsupportive
(ii) Verb: persuade (someone) to do or continue to do something by giving support and
advice
Pupils are encouraged to be creative.
Synonyms:
Persuade | coax | urge | press | push | pressure | pressurize | exhort | spur | prod | goad | egg
on | prompt | influence | sway | put the heat on | put the screws on | twist someone's arm
Opposite:
Dissuade
(iii) Verb: stimulate the development of (an activity, state, or belief).
The intention is to encourage new writing talent.
Synonyms:
Support | back | endorse | champion | advocate | recommend | promote | further | advance |
forward | foster | strengthen | enrich | help | assist | aid | abet | boost | fuel | favour
Opposite:
Hinder
49. Exude:

(i) Verb: (with reference to moisture or a smell) discharge or be discharged slowly and
steadily
The beetle exudes a caustic liquid.
Synonyms:
Give off/out | discharge | release | send out | send forth | emit | issue | emanate | ooze |
weep | leak | leach | secrete | excrete | extravasate | seep | trickle | filter | percolate | escape
| flow | well | drip | dribble | drain | bleed | sweat | filtrate | transude | exudate
Opposite:
Absorb | take up
(ii) Verb: (of a person) display (an emotion or quality) strongly and openly
Sir Thomas exuded goodwill.
Synonyms:
Emanate | radiate | ooze | give out | give forth | send out | issue | emit | display | show |
exhibit | manifest | demonstrate | transmit | breathe | embody | be a/the picture of
50. Eccentric:
(i) Adjective: (of a person or their behavior) unconventional and slightly strange
He might be an eccentric millionaire.
Synonyms:
Unconventional | uncommon | abnormal | irregular | aberrant | anomalous | odd | queer |
strange | peculiar | weird | bizarre | off-center | outlandish | freakish | extraordinary |
idiosyncratic | quirky | singular | nonconformist | capricious | whimsical | outré | avant garde |
way out | far out | offbeat | dotty | nutty | screwy | freaky | oddball | wacky | cranky | off the
wall | madcap | zany | rum | kooky | wacko | bizarre | in left field
Opposite:
Ordinary | conventional
(ii) Noun: a person of unconventional and slightly strange views or behavior
He's seen as a local eccentric.
Synonyms:
odd fellow | unorthodox person | character | individualist | individual | free spirit | misfit |
oddball | queer fish | weirdo | weirdie | freak | nut | nutter | nutcase | case | head case |
crank | crackpot | loony | loon | one-off | odd bod | wacko | wack | screwball | kook |
wackadoo | wackadoodle | dingbat
51. Excursion:
Noun: a short journey or trip, especially one taken as a leisure activity
An excursion to London Zoo would be quite delightful.
Synonyms:
Trip | outing | jaunt | expedition | journey | tour | day trip | day out | drive | run | ride |
junket | spin | hop | hurl
52. Elaborate:
(i) Adjective: involving many carefully arranged parts or details; detailed and complicated
in design and planning
Elaborate security precautions are required in order to ensure no mishap.
Synonyms:
Complicated | detailed | intricate | complex | involved | tortuous | convoluted | serpentine |
tangled | knotty | confusing | bewildering | baffling | painstaking | careful | inextricable |
entangled | impenetrable | Byzantine | Daedalian | Gordian | involute | involuted | ornate |
decorated | embellished | adorned | ornamented | fancy | over-elaborate | fussy | busy |

ostentatious | extravagant | showy | baroque | rococo | florid | wedding-cake | gingerbread |
flash | flashy
Opposite:
Simple | plain
(ii) Verb: develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in further detail
The theory was proposed by Cope and elaborated by Osborn.
(iii) Verb: add more detail concerning what has already been said
He would not elaborate on his news.
Synonyms:
Expand on | enlarge on | add to | flesh out | add flesh to | put flesh on the bones of | add detail
to | expatiate on | supplement | reinforce | augment | extend | broaden | develop | fill out |
embellish | enhance | amplify | refine | improve
53. Exasperation:
Noun: a feeling of intense irritation or annoyance

She rolled her eyes in exasperation.
Synonyms:
Irritation | annoyance | chagrin | vexation | anger | fury | rage | wrath | spleen | ill humour |
crossness | tetchiness | testiness | pique | indignation | resentment | disgruntlement | disgust
| discontent | displeasure | aggravation | crabbiness | stroppiness | ire | choler | bile
Opposite:
Pleasure | delight
54. Expansive:
(i) Adjective: covering a wide area in terms of space or scope; extensive

The man was standing with expansive arms.
Synonyms:
Extensive | sweeping | rolling | spacious | wide-ranging | broad | wide | all-embracing |
comprehensive | thorough | inclusive | cross-disciplinary | interdisciplinary | multidisciplinary
Opposite:
Limited | restricted
(iii) Adjective: (of a person or their manner) relaxed and genially frank and communicative.
He was in an expansive mood.
Synonyms:
Communicative | forthcoming | sociable | friendly | outgoing | unreserved | uninhibited | open
| affable | amiable | genial | chatty | talkative | conversational | garrulous | loquacious |
voluble | effusive | demonstrative | extrovert | extroverted | discursive | talky
Opposite:
Uncommunicative | reserved | taciturn
55. Exaggeration:

Noun: a statement that represents something better or worse than it really is
It would be an exaggeration to say I had morning sickness, but I did feel queasy.
Synonyms:
Overstatement | overemphasis | magnification | amplification | aggrandizement | overplaying |
dramatization | overdramatization | enhancement | elaboration | over-elaboration |
embellishment | over-embellishment | embroidery | hyperbole | overkill | gilding the lily |
purple prose | puffery
56. Evaluates:
Verb: form an idea of the amount, number, or value of; assess
The study will assist in evaluating the impact of recent changes.
Synonyms:
Assess | assess the worth of | put a value/price on | judge | gauge | rate | estimate | appraise |
form an opinion of | check something out | form an impression of | make up one's mind about |
get the measure of | weigh up | analyse | size up
57. Fringed
(i) Verb: decorate (clothing or material) with a fringe
A rich robe of gold, fringed with black velvet.
Synonyms:
Trim | hem | edge | border | rim | bind | braid | tassel | decorate | adorn | ornament |
embellish | finish | purfle | befringe | befrill
(ii) Verb: form a border around (something)
The sea is fringed by palm trees.
Synonyms:
Border | edge | bound | skirt | line | hem | flank | verge | surround | enclose | encircle | circle
| encompass | ring | circumscribe | gird | girdle | engird | compass | environ
58. Fatality:
Noun: an occurrence of death by accident, in war, or from disease
80 per cent of pedestrian fatalities occur in built-up areas.
Synonyms:
Death | casualty | mortality | victim | loss | dead person | dead | fatal accident | tragedy |
disaster | catastrophe | calamity
59. Flicked:
(i) Verb: strike or propel (something) with a sudden quick movement of the fingers
Max flicked his bow tie.
Synonyms:
Click | snap | flip | jerk | pull | tug | tweak | yank
(ii) Verb: make or cause to make a sudden quick movement
The horse flicked its tail.
Synonyms:
Swish | twitch | wave | wag | waggle | shake | whip | twirl | swing | brandish
60. Flawlessly:
Adverb: in a manner free from imperfections or defects; perfectly
The system works flawlessly.
Synonyms:
Plumb | aptly | faultlessly | just right | opportunely | perfectly | precisely | relevantly |
seasonably | exactly | flawlessly | meticulously | precisely | scrupulously | veraciously
61. Friction:
(i) Noun: the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another

A lubrication system is introduced which reduces friction.
Synonyms:
Abrasion | abrading | rubbing | chafing | grating | rasping | scraping | excoriation | grinding |
gnawing | eating away | wearing away/down | resistance | drag | adhesion | traction | grip |
purchase | attrition | fretting | detrition
(ii) Noun: the action of one surface or object rubbing against another
(iii) Noun: conflict or animosity caused by a clash of wills, temperaments, or opinions
A considerable amount of friction between father and son is always harmful.
Synonyms:
Discord | disharmony | disunity | strife | conflict | disagreement | dissension | dissent |
opposition | variance | clashing | contention | dispute | disputation | arguing | argument |
quarrelling | bickering | squabbling | wrangling | fighting | feuding | rivalry | hostility |
animosity | antipathy | enmity | antagonism | resentment | acrimony | bitterness | bad feeling
| ill feeling | ill will | bad blood | grudges | grievances | falling-out | jar | disaccord |
discordance
Opposite:
Harmony
62. Fluttered:
Verb: (of a bird or other winged creature) fly unsteadily or hover by flapping the wings quickly
and lightly
A couple of butterflies fluttered around the garden.
Synonyms:
Flit | hover | flitter | dance
Noun: an act of fluttering.
There was a flutter of wings at the window.
Synonyms:
Agitation | beating | flapping | quivering | vibrating | twitching | shaking | wagging | oscillation
| threshing | thrashing | flailing | flicker | bat | waving | rippling
Noun: a small bet
A flutter on the horses is a common hobby of horse rears.
Synonyms:
Bet | wager | gamble | punt
63. Gingerly:
Adverb: in a careful or cautious manner.
Jackson sat down very gingerly.
Synonyms:
Cautiously | carefully | with caution | with care | circumspectly | delicately | warily | charily |
guardedly | prudently | judiciously | on one's guard | on the alert | on the lookout | on the qui
vive | suspiciously | attentively | heedfully | watchfully | vigilantly | observantly | alertly |
cannily | hesitantly | timidly | timorously
Opposite:
Carelessly | recklessly
64. Glistening:
Adjective: shining with a sparkling light
The glistening golden dome
Synonyms:

Shine | sparkle | twinkle | glint | glitter | catch the light | glimmer | shimmer | glow | flicker |
blink | wink | flash | glister | coruscate | scintillate | fulgurate | effulge | luminesce |
incandesce | phosphoresce
65. Glared:
(i) Verb: stare in an angry or fierce way
She glared at him, her cheeks flushing.
Synonyms:
Stare angrily | scowl | glower | look daggers | frown | lour | give someone a black look | look
threateningly/menacingly | give someone a dirty look | give someone a death stare | glout |
glunch
Opposite:
Smile
(ii) Verb: (of the sun or an electric light) shine with a strong or dazzling light
The sun glared out of a clear blue sky.
Synonyms:
Blaze | be dazzling | be blinding | shine brightly | flare | flame | beam
(iii) Noun: a fierce or angry stare
She gave Harley a glare of contempt.
Synonyms:
Angry stare | scowl | glower | frown | black look | threatening/menacing look | dirty look |
death stare
Opposite:
Smile
(iv) Noun: strong and dazzling light
Murray narrowed his eyes against the glare of the sun.
Synonyms:
Strong light | dazzling light | blaze | dazzle | shine | beam | flare | radiance | brilliance |
luminescence | fluorescence
66. Groggy:
Adjective: dazed, weak, or unsteady, especially from illness, intoxication, sleep, or a blow
The sleeping pills had left her feeling groggy.
Synonyms:
Dazed | muzzy | stupefied | in a stupor | befuddled | fuddled | muddled | confused |
bewildered | disoriented | disorientated | vague | benumbed | numb | stunned | dizzy |
punch-drunk | shaky | staggering | reeling | unsteady | wobbly | weak | faint | dopey | woozy
| woolly | woolly-headed | discombobulated | not with it
67. Heap:
(i) Noun: an untidy collection of objects placed haphazardly on top of each other
A disordered heap of a lot of boxes was seen in the room.
Synonyms:
Pile | stack | mass | mound | mountain | quantity | load | lot | bundle | jumble | collection |
accumulation | gathering | assemblage | store | stock | supply | stockpile | hoard | aggregation
| agglomeration | accrual | conglomeration | rickle | bing | amassment
(ii) Noun: a large amount or number of
We have heaps of room.
Synonyms:
A lot | lots | a large amount | a fair amount | much | a good/great deal | a deal | a great
quantity | quantities | an abundance | a wealth | a profusion | plenty | masses | many | a

great many | a large number | a considerable number | a huge number | numerous | scores |
hundreds | thousands | millions | billions | a load | loads | loadsa | a pile | piles | oodles |
stacks | scads | reams | wads | pots | oceans | a mountain | mountains | miles | tons | zillions
| gazillions | bazillions | a shedload | lashings | gobs | a swag | vulgar slanga shitload | an
assload
Opposite:
A little | not much | a few | not many
(iii) Adverb: a great deal
‘How do you like Maggie?’ ‘I like you heaps better!’
(iv) Verb: put (objects or a loose substance) in a heap
She heaped logs on the fire.
Synonyms:
Pile up | pile | stack up | stack | make a pile of | make a stack of | make a mound of | assemble
| accumulate | collect | amass | store | store up | stock up | stockpile | hoard
(v) Verb: direct a great deal of praise, abuse, criticism, etc. at (someone or something)
She heaped praise on the public for its generosity as charity donations continued to pour in.
Synonyms:
Shower on | lavish on | load on | bestow on | confer on | give | grant | vouchsafe | assign to |
award to | favour with| furnish with
68. Hideous:
(i) Adjective: extremely ugly
I hate hideous lizard-like creatures.
Synonyms:
Ugly | unsightly | repulsive | repellent | revolting | gruesome | disgusting | grotesque |
monstrous | grim | ghastly | macabre | misshapen | misproportioned | reptilian | weird |
freaky | as ugly as sin | fugly | like the back end of a bus | huckery
Opposite:
Beautiful
(iii) Adjective: extremely unpleasant
I dislike the whole hideous story.
Synonyms:
Horrific | terrible | appalling | awful | dreadful | frightful | fearful | horrible | horrendous |
horrifying | shocking | sickening | gruesome | ghastly | very bad | terribly bad | unspeakable |
outrageous | abhorrent | monstrous | heinous | abominable | foul | vile | odious | loathsome |
contemptible | execrable | indescribable | godawful | beastly | egregious
Opposite:
Pleasant
69. Habitat:
Noun: the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism
Wild chimps live in their natural habitat.
Synonyms:
Natural environment | natural element | natural territory | natural surroundings | natural
terrain | home | domain | haunt | habitation | abode
Opposite:
Unnatural surroundings
70. Haggard:
Adjective: looking exhausted and unwell, especially from fatigue, worry, or suffering

She was pale and haggard.
Synonyms:
Careworn | tired | drained | drawn | raddled | unwell | unhealthy | sickly | spent | sapped |
washed out | rundown | exhausted | gaunt | grim | pinched | peaked | peaky | hollow-cheeked
| hollow-eyed | pale | wan | grey | ashen | pallid | pasty-faced | sallow | thin | emaciated |
wasted | cadaverous | ghastly | ghostlike | deathlike
Opposite:
Fresh | healthy
71. Haphazardly:
Adverb: in a manner lacking any obvious principle of organization
A hodgepodge of family photos was haphazardly arranged on a table.
Synonyms:
Randomly | without any plan | unsystematically | unmethodically | disorganized | disorderly |
irregularly | indiscriminately | chaotically | hit-and-miss | arbitrarily | orderlessly | aimlessly |
undirected | carelessly | casually | slapdash | slipshod | chance | accidentally | higgledy-
piggledy
Opposite:
Methodically | systematically
72. Harmony:
(i) Noun: the combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes to produce a pleasing
effect
The piece owes its air of tranquility largely to the harmony.
Synonyms:
Euphony | polyphony | consonance | tunefulness | melodiousness | mellifluousness |
mellifluence
Opposite:
Dissonance
(ii) Noun: the quality of forming a pleasing and consistent whole.
We live in delightful cities where old and new blend in harmony.
Synonyms:
Balance | symmetry | congruity | consonance | coordination | blending | correspondence |
compatibility
Opposite:
Incongruity
(iii) Noun: the state of being in agreement or concord
Man and machine is in perfect harmony in this modern era.
Synonyms:
Concord | accord | agreement | peace | peacefulness | amity | amicability | friendship |
fellowship | comradeship | solidarity | cooperation | understanding | consensus | unity |
sympathy | rapport | goodwill | like-mindedness | unison | union | concert | oneness |
synthesis | concurrence
Opposite:
Disagreement
73. Haughty:
Adjective: arrogantly superior and disdainful
Hamid Mir poses himself as a haughty anchor.
Synonyms:

Proud | vain | arrogant | conceited | snobbish | stuck-up | pompous | self-important | superior
| egotistical | supercilious | condescending | lofty | patronizing | smug | scornful |
contemptuous | disdainful | overweening | overbearing | imperious | lordly | cavalier | high-
handed | full of oneself | above oneself | snooty | sniffy | hoity-toity | uppity | uppish | cocky |
big-headed | swollen-headed | puffed up | high and mighty | la-di-da | fancy-pants | on one's
high horse | too big for one's boots | toffee-nosed | chesty | too big for one's breeches |
vainglorious
Opposite:
Modest | humble
74. Havoc:
(i) Noun: widespread destruction
The hurricane ripped through Florida causing havoc.
Synonyms:
Devastation | destruction | damage | desolation | depredation | despoliation | ruination | ruin
| disaster | ravagement | waste | catastrophe
(ii) Noun: great confusion or disorder
If they weren't at school they'd be wreaking havoc in the streets.
Synonyms:
Disorder | chaos | disruption | mayhem | bedlam | pandemonium | turmoil | tumult |
confusion | uproar | commotion | upheaval | furore | shambles | hullabaloo | a madhouse | a
three-ring circus
Opposite:
Peace
75. Hearsay:
Noun: information received from other people which cannot be substantiated; rumor
According to hearsay, Bez had managed to break his arm.
Synonyms:
Rumour | gossip | tittle-tattle | tattle | idle chatter | idle talk | mere talk | report | stories |
tales | tidbits | bavardage | on dit | Kaffeeklatsch | labrish | shu-shu | buzz | the grapevine |
goss | scuttlebutt | furphy | skinder | bruit
Opposite:
Confirmed facts
76. Intended:
(i) Adjective: planned or meant
The intended activities are near to perform.
Synonyms:
Deliberate | intentional | calculated | conscious | done on purpose | planned | considered |
studied | knowing | willful | wanton | purposeful | purposive | premeditated | pre-planned |
thought out in advance | prearranged | preconceived | predetermined | aforethought |
voluntary | volitional | prepense
Opposite:
Accidental
(ii) Noun: INFORMAL: the person one intends to marry; one's fiancé or fiancée
She used to be my intended.
Synonyms:
Fiancée | fiancé | wife-to-be | husband-to-be | bride-to-be | future wife/husband | prospective
wife/husband | prospective spouse | betrothed
77. In vain:

Phrase of Vain: without success or a result
They waited in vain for a response.
Synonyms:
Unsuccessfully | vainly | without success | to no avail | to no purpose | ineffectually | with no
result | fruitlessly | profitlessly | unproductively | futile | useless | pointless | worthless |
nugatory | ineffective | ineffectual | inefficacious | impotent | powerless | unavailing | fruitless
| profitless | unproductive | unsuccessful | abortive | thwarted | balked | frustrated | foiled |
bootless
Opposite:
Successfully | successful | productive
78. Illumination:
(i) Noun: lighting or light
Higher levels of illumination are needed for reading.
Synonyms:
Light | lighting | radiance | gleam | glitter | brilliance | glow | glare | dazzle | flash | shimmer |
shining | gleaming | glowing | irradiation | luminescence | incandescence | fluorescence |
phosphorescence | illumining | irradiance | lucency | lambency | effulgence | refulgence |
coruscation | fulguration
Opposite:
Darkness
(ii) Noun: lights used in decorating a building or other structure
(iii) Noun: the art of illuminating a manuscript
Synonyms:
Decoration | illustration | embellishment | adornment | ornamentation | an illuminated design
in a manuscript
(iv) Noun: clarification
These books form the most sustained analysis and illumination of the subject.
Synonyms:
Clarification | elucidation | explanation | revelation | explication | exposition | exegesis |
rationalization
(v) Noun: spiritual or intellectual enlightenment
Synonyms:
Enlightenment | insight | revelation | discovery | understanding | awareness | explanation |
instruction | learning | education | information | knowledge | edification | an aha moment
Opposite:
Ignorance
79. Invariably:
Adverb: in every case or on every occasion; always
Ranch meals are invariably big and hearty.
Synonyms:
Always | every time | each time | on every occasion | at all times | without fail | without
exception | whatever happens | universally | everywhere | in all places | in all cases | in every
case | in all instances | in every instance | regularly | consistently | repeatedly | habitually |
unfailingly | day in | day out | infallibly | inevitably | dependably
Opposite:
Sometimes | never
80. Irritable:
(i) Adjective: having or showing a tendency to be easily annoyed

She was tired and irritable.
Synonyms:
Bad-tempered | irascible | tetchy | testy | touchy | scratchy | grumpy | grouchy | moody |
crotchety | in a (bad) mood | cantankerous | curmudgeonly | ill-tempered | ill-natured | ill-
humoured | peevish | cross | as cross as two sticks | fractious | disagreeable | pettish |
crabbed | crabby | waspish | prickly | peppery | crusty | splenetic | shrewish | short-tempered
| hot-tempered | quick-tempered | dyspeptic | choleric | bilious | liverish | cross-grained |
snappish | snappy | chippy | on a short fuse | short-fused | shirty | stroppy | narky | ratty |
eggy | like a bear with a sore head | cranky | ornery | puckish | soreheaded | snaky | waxy |
miffy
Opposite:
Good-humoured | easy-going
(ii) MEDICINE - Adjective: (of a body part) abnormally sensitive
(iii) MEDICINE – Adjective: (of a condition) caused an abnormally sensitive body part
The seeds have been reputed to help conditions such as irritable bladder.
(iv) BIOLOGY – Adjective: (of a living organism) having the property of responding actively to
physical stimuli
81. Insinuate:
(i) Verb: suggest or hint (something bad) in an indirect and unpleasant way
He was insinuating that I had no self-control.
Synonyms:
Imply | suggest | hint | intimate | whisper | indicate | convey the impression | give a clue | give
an inkling | allude to the fact | make reference to the fact | let it be known | give someone to
understand | give someone to believe | make out | tip someone the wink
(ii) Verb: slide (oneself or a thing) slowly and smoothly into a particular place
I insinuated my shoulder in the gap.
Synonyms:
Slide | slip | maneuver | insert | edge | work | move into position
(iii) Verb: maneuver oneself into (a favorable position) by subtle manipulation
He insinuated himself into the king's confidence.
Synonyms:
Worm one's way into | work one's way into | ingratiate oneself with | curry favour with | foist
oneself on | introduce oneself into | squeeze oneself into | edge one's way into | infiltrate |
invade | sneak into | intrude on | impinge on | get in with | muscle in on
82. Intently:
Adverb: with earnest and eager attention
He gazed at her intently.
Synonyms:
Attentively | closely | keenly | with fascination | raptly | earnestly | concentratedly | hard |
studiously | fixedly | steadily | steadfastly | alertly | watchfully | observantly | carefully
Opposite:
Absently | casually
83. Industry:
(i) Noun: economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and
manufacture of goods in factories
New investment incentives have been announced for British industry.
Synonyms:
Manufacturing | production | fabrication | construction

(ii) Noun: a particular form or branch of economic or commercial activity
The car industry is a flourished industry in Japan.
Synonyms:
Business | trade | field | line | line of work | line of business | commercial enterprise | service |
profession | occupation | craft | racket
(iii) Noun: hard work
The kitchen became a hive of industry.
Synonyms:
Hard work | industriousness | diligence | assiduity | application | sedulousness | sedulity |
conscientiousness | steadiness | tirelessness | persistence | pertinacity | perseverance |
dedication | determination | rigour | rigorousness | activity | busyness | energy | vigour |
effort | labour | dynamism | zeal | productiveness | laboriousness | continuance |
perseveration
Opposite:
Indolence
84. Intolerable:
Adjective: unable to be endured
The intolerable pressures of his work made him sick.
Synonyms:
Unbearable | insufferable | unsupportable | insupportable | unendurable | beyond endurance
| unacceptable | impossible | too much to bear | past bearing | not to be borne | overpowering
| too much
Opposite:
Bearable | tolerable
85. Imperceptibly:
Adverb: in a way that is so slight, gradual, or subtle as not to be perceived
The corners of her mouth rose almost imperceptibly.
Synonyms:
Unnoticeably | undetectably | indistinguishably | indiscernibly | in an unapparent way |
inappreciably | invisibly | inaudibly | impalpably | unobtrusively | in a way impossible to detect
| slightly | in a small way | subtly| faintly | finely | inconsequentially | negligibly | in a tiny
mode | minutely | in a minuscule way | microscopically | nanoscopically | infinitesimally |
indistinctly | unclearly | obscurely | vaguely | indefinitely | in a shadowy manner | in a way
hard to make out
Opposite:
Obviously | noticeably
86. Judgement:
(i) Noun: the ability to make considered decisions or come to sensible conclusions
An error of judgment is never ignorable.
Synonyms:
Discernment | acumen | shrewdness | astuteness | common sense | good sense | sense |
perception | perspicacity | percipience | penetration | acuity | discrimination | wisdom | wit |
native wit | judiciousness | prudence | sagacity | understanding | intelligence | awareness |
canniness | sharpness | sharp-wittedness | cleverness | powers of reasoning | reason | logic|
nous | savvy | know-how | horse sense | gumption | grey matter | common | smarts | sapience
| arguteness | in my opinion | to my mind | in my view | to my way of thinking | I believe | I
think | as I see it | if you ask me | personally | in my book | for my money | in my estimation
(ii) Noun: a misfortune or calamity viewed as a divine punishment

The events of last week are a judgment on us for our sinful ways.
Synonyms:
Punishment | retribution | penalty | just deserts
87. Judicial:
Adjective: of, by, or appropriate to a law court or judge; relating to the administration of justice
A judicial inquiry into the allegations was conducted in the Supreme Court.
Synonyms:
Legal | judiciary | juridical | judicatory | forensic | jurisdictive | official
88. Junction:
(i) Noun: a point where two or more things are joined.
The junction of the two rivers is a sight worth-seeing.
Synonyms:
Join | joint | intersection | link | bond | weld | seam | coupling | connection | union | juncture
| brace | bracket | hinge | commissure | suture | synapse | confluence | convergence |
meeting | meeting point | conflux | watersmeet | sangam
(ii) Noun: a place where two or more roads or railway lines meet
The junction of Queen's Road and Lancaster Avenue looks amazing.
Synonyms:
Crossroads | crossing | intersection | interchange | T-junction | box junction | gyratory | level
crossing | turn | turn-off | exit | roundabout | turnout | cloverleaf
(iii) ELECTRONICS: a region of transition in a semiconductor between a part where
conduction is mainly by electrons and a part where it is mainly by holes.
(iv) Noun: the action or fact of joining or being joined
The vena cava is formed by the junction of three veins.
89. Juvenile:
(i) Adjective: for or relating to young people
Juvenile crime is normally forbidden.
Synonyms:
Young | teenage | teenaged | adolescent | junior | underage | pubescent | prepubescent
Opposite:
Adult
(ii) Adjective: childish; immature
She's bored with my juvenile conversation.
Synonyms:
Childish | immature | puerile | infantile | babyish | jejune | inexperienced | callow | green |
unsophisticated | naïve | foolish | silly | stupid | asinine | sophomoric | wet behind the ears
Opposite:
Mature
(iii) Noun: a young person
Synonyms:
Young person | youngster | child | teenager | adolescent | minor | junior | boy | girl |
schoolboy | schoolgirl | kid
Opposite:
Adult
(iv) LAW: a person below the age at which ordinary criminal prosecution is possible (18 in
most countries)
The law relating to the sentencing of juveniles can be found in judicial books.
90. Jeopardy:

(i) Noun: danger of loss, harm, or failure
The whole peace process is in jeopardy.
Synonyms:
Danger | peril | at risk | endangerment | imperilment | insecurity | perilousness | riskiness |
precariousness | uncertainty | instability | vulnerability | threat | menace
Opposite:
Safety | security
(ii) LAW: danger arising from being on trial for a criminal offence
91. Jealousy:
Noun: the state or feeling of being jealous

I could see a sharp pang of jealousy in my relatives when I got admission in MBBS.
Synonyms:
Envy | enviousness | covetousness | desire | resentment | resentfulness | bitterness |
discontent | spite | grudge | the green-eyed monster | suspicion | suspiciousness | distrust |
mistrust | doubt | insecurity | anxiety | apprehension about rivals | possessiveness |
overprotectiveness | protectiveness | defensiveness | vigilance | watchfulness | heedfulness |
mindfulness | care | solicitousness | attentiveness
Opposite:
Admiration | pride | trust | understanding | unconcern
92. Jubilant:
Adjective: feeling or expressing great happiness and triumph
A large number of jubilant fans ran on to the pitch.
Synonyms:
Overjoyed | exultant | triumphant | joyful | jumping for joy | rejoicing | cock-a-hoop |
exuberant | elated | thrilled | gleeful | euphoric | ecstatic | beside oneself with happiness |
enraptured | in raptures | rhapsodic | transported | walking on air | in seventh heaven | on
cloud nine | crowing | gloating | triumphal | triumphalist | over the moon | on top of the world
| blissed out | on a high | tickled pink | wigged out | wrapped
Opposite:
Downcast | despondent
93. Kindred:
(i) Noun: one's family and relations
Synonyms:
Family | relatives | relations | kin | family members | connections | kith and kin | one's own
flesh and blood | clan | tribe | house | lineage | folks | people | kinsfolk | kinsmen/kinswomen
(ii) Noun: relationship by blood
Ties of kindred are very important in life.
Synonyms:
Kinship | family ties | being related | relationship | relatedness | blood relationship | ties of
blood | consanguinity | common ancestry | common lineage
(iii) Adjective: similar in kind; related
Books on kindred subjects can be found in this library.
Synonyms:
Related | allied | connected | closely connected/related | comparable | similar | like | alike |
parallel | associated | corresponding | cognate | analogous | interconnected | affiliated
Opposite:
Unrelated
94. Knack:
(i) Noun: an acquired or natural skill at doing something
He had a knack for communicating his ideas.
Synonyms:
Gift | talent | flair | genius | instinct | faculty | ability | capability | capacity | aptitude |
aptness | bent | forte | facility | dexterity | adroitness | readiness | quickness | ingenuity |
proficiency | expertness | competence | technique | method | trick | skill | art | secret |
approach | way | skillfulness | mastery | expertise | handiness | deftness | know-how | the
hang of something
Opposite:
Inability
(ii) Noun: a tendency to do something
John had the enviable knack of falling asleep anywhere.
Synonyms:
Tendency to | propensity for | habit of | way of | proneness to | aptness to | bent for | liability
to | leaning towards | predisposition to | disposition to | inclination to | penchant for |
readiness to
95. Knickers:
Noun: a woman's or girl's undergarment covering the lower part of the torso to the top of the
thighs and having two holes for the legs
Synonyms:
Underpants | briefs | bikini briefs | drawers | French knickers | tanga briefs | camiknickers |
pants | panties | knicks | bloomers | Directoire drawers | pantalettes
96. Knickknack:
Noun: small worthless objects, especially household ornaments
The room was filled with tables, knick-knacks, and a large three-piece suite.
Synonyms:
Ornament | novelty | gewgaw | piece of bric-a-brac | bibelot | trinket | trifle | bauble |
gimcrack | bagatelle | curio | curiosity | plaything | toy | memento | souvenir | kickshaw |
objet | objet d'art | oojah | whatnot | thingamajig | thingamabob | dingle-dangle | tchotchke |
tsatske | doobry | doodah | gaud | folderol | whim-wham | bijou
97. Likelihood:
Noun: the state or fact of something's being likely; probability
Young people who can see no likelihood of finding employment are seen depressed.
Synonyms:
Probability | chance | prospect | possibility | likeliness | odds | feasibility | plausibility |
conceivability | risk | threat | hazard | danger | fear | peril | liability | hope | opportunity |
promise
Opposite:
Unlikeliness
98. Labyrinth:
(i) Noun: a complicated irregular network of passages or paths in which it is difficult to find
one's way; a maze
You lose yourself in a labyrinth of little streets.

Synonyms:
Maze | warren | network | complex | web | coil | entanglement
(ii) an intricate and confusing arrangement
A labyrinth of conflicting laws and regulations creates problems.
Synonyms:
Tangle | web | morass | jungle | snarl | twist | turn | complexity | confusion | complication |
entanglement | convolution | intricacy | jumble | mishmash | hotchpotch | hodgepodge |
perplexity
(iii) ANATOMY: a complex structure in the inner ear which contains the organs of hearing
and balance. It consists of bony cavities (the bony labyrinth) filled with fluid and lined
with sensitive membranes (the membranous labyrinth).
(iv) ZOOLOGY: an accessory respiratory organ of certain fish
99. Ludicrous:
Adjective: so foolish, unreasonable, or out of place as to be amusing
It's ludicrous that I have been fined.
Synonyms:
Absurd | ridiculous | farcical | laughable | risible | preposterous | foolish | idiotic | stupid |
inane | silly | asinine | nonsensical | crazy | mad | insane | derisible
Opposite:
Sensible
100. Limp:
(i) Verb: walk with difficulty, typically because of a damaged or stiff leg or foot
He limped heavily as he moved.
Synonyms:
Hobble | walk with a limp | walk with difficulty | walk lamely | walk haltingly | walk unevenly |
falter | shuffle | shamble | totter | dodder | stagger | stumble | hirple
(ii) Verb: (of a damaged ship, aircraft, or vehicle) proceed with difficulty
The badly damaged aircraft limped back to Sicily.
Noun: a tendency to limp; a gait impeded by injury or stiffness
The accident left him with a pronounced limp.
Synonyms:
Lameness | hobble | uneven gait | shuffle | claudication
101. Menace:
Verb: be a threat or possible danger to
Africa's elephants are still menaced by poaching.
Synonyms:
Threaten | be a danger to | put at risk | jeopardize | imperil | loom over | bully | intimidate |
issue threats to | frighten | scare | alarm | terrify | browbeat | cow | terrorize | threatening |
ominous | black | thunderous | glowering | brooding | sinister | intimidating | frightening |
terrifying | fearsome | mean-looking | alarming | forbidding | baleful | warning | minatory |
minacious | looming | louring | in the wind | impending | brewing | dark | heavy | portentous |
ugly | imminent | bodeful
Opposite:
Friendly | auspicious
102. Mustered:
(i) Verb: assemble (troops), especially for inspection or in preparation for battle
17,000 men had been mustered on Haldon Hill.
Synonyms:

Assemble | bring together | call together | marshal | mobilize | rally | round up | raise |
summon | gather | gather together | mass | collect | convene | call up | call to arms | recruit |
conscript | draft | convoke | levy
Opposite:
Disperse
(ii) Verb: (of a group of people) gather together
Reporters mustered outside her house.
Synonyms:
Congregate | assemble | gather together | come together | meet | collect together | convene |
mass | cluster together | flock together | rally | foregather
(iii) Verb: collect or assemble (a number or amount)
He could fail to muster a majority.
(iv) Verb: summon up (a feeling, attitude, or response)
He replied with as much dignity as he could muster.
Synonyms:
Summon up | summon | screw up | gather together | call up | rally
103. Mean:
(i) Verb: intend to convey or refer to (a particular thing); signify
I don't know what you mean.
Synonyms:
Signify | convey | denote | designate | indicate | connote | show | express | spell out | stand
for | represent | symbolize | imply | purport | suggest | allude to | intimate | hint at | insinuate
| drive at | refer to | get at | betoken
(ii) Verb: intend (something) to occur or be the case.
They mean no harm.
Synonyms:
Intend | aim | plan | design | have in mind | have in view | contemplate | think of | purpose |
propose | have plans | set out | aspire | desire | want | wish | expect
(iii) Verb: be supposed to do something
We were meant to go over yesterday.
(iv) Verb: design or destine for a particular purpose
The jacket was meant for a much larger person.
Synonyms:
Destine | predestine | fate | preordain | ordain | intend | design
(v) Verb: have something as a motive or explanation in saying or doing
What do you mean by leaving me out here in the cold?
Synonyms:
Matter | have importance | have significance | be important | be significant | have an input on
(vi) Verb: have as a consequence or result
The proposals are likely to mean another hundred closures.
Synonyms:
Entail | involve | necessitate | lead to | result in | give rise to | bring about | cause | engender |
produce | effect | presage | portend | foretell | augur | promise | foreshadow | herald | signal
| bode | betoken | foretoken | forebode | adumbrate
(vii) Adjective: unwilling to give or share things, especially money; not generous
She felt mean not giving a tip.
Synonyms:

Miserly | niggardly | close-fisted | parsimonious | penny-pinching | cheese-paring | ungenerous
| penurious | illiberal | close | grasping | greedy | avaricious | acquisitive | Scrooge-like |
miserable | tight-fisted | stingy | tight | mingy | money-grubbing | skinflinty | cheap | grabby |
hungry | near | niggard | vulgar slangtight-arse | tight-arsed | tight as a duck's arse
Opposite:
Generous | extravagant | munificent
(viii) Adjective: unkind, spiteful, or unfair
I was mean to them over the festive season.
Synonyms:
Unkind | nasty | spiteful | foul | malicious | malevolent | despicable | contemptible |
obnoxious | vile | odious | loathsome | disagreeable | unpleasant | unfriendly | uncharitable |
shabby | unfair | callous | cruel | vicious | base | low | horrible | horrid | hateful | rotten |
low-down | beastly | bitchy | catty | vulgar slangshitty
Opposite:
Kind
(ix) Adjective: vicious or aggressive in behaviour
The dogs were considered mean, vicious, and a threat.
(x) Adjective: especially of a place) poor in quality and appearance; shabby
Her home was mean and small.
Synonyms:
Squalid | shabby | dilapidated | sordid | seedy | slummy | sleazy | insalubrious | poor | sorry |
wretched | dismal | dingy | miserable | mangy | broken-down | run down | down at heel |
scruffy | scuzzy | crummy | grungy | ratty | tacky | grotty
Opposite:
Luxurious | palatial
(xi) Adjective: (of a person's mental capacity or understanding) inferior
It was obvious to even the meanest intelligence.
Synonyms:
Inferior | poor | limited | restricted | meagre
(xii) Adjective: of low birth or social class
Mean people are recognized due to their nature.
Synonyms:
Lowly | humble | ordinary | low | low-born | lower-class | modest | common | base |
proletarian | plebeian | obscure | undistinguished | ignoble | baseborn
(xiii) Adjective: very skillful or effective; excellent
He's a mean cook.
Synonyms:
Excellent | marvelous | magnificent | superb | fine | wonderful | outstanding | exceptional |
formidable | first-class | first-rate | virtuoso | skillful | masterful | masterly | great | terrific |
tremendous | super | amazing | fantastic | sensational | stellar | fabulous | fab | ace | crack |
A1 | awesome | magic | bad | wicked | out of this world | brilliant | brill | smashing | bosting |
neat | badass | boss | bonzer | wizard | spiffing | ripping | topping | champion | capital | top-
hole | swell | keen | vulgar slangshit-hot
Opposite:
Bad | awful | terrible | dreadful
(xiv) Noun: an average
Acid output was calculated by taking the mean of all three samples.
Synonyms:

Middle course | middle way | mid point | central point | middle | happy medium | golden
mean | compromise | balance | median | norm | average
(xv) Adjective: (of a quantity) calculated as a mean; average
Participants in the study had a mean age of 35 years.
Synonyms:
Average | median | middle | halfway | centre | central | intermediate | medial | medium |
normal | standard | middling
(xvi) Adjective: equally far from two extremes
Hope is the mean virtue between despair and presumption.
104. Mass:
(i) Noun: a large body of matter with no definite shape
The sun broke out from behind a mass of clouds"
Synonyms:
Pile | heap | stack | clump | cloud | bunch | bundle | lump | concentration | conglomeration |
accumulation | aggregation | concretion | accretion | assemblage | collection | stockpile |
build-up | amassment
(ii) Noun: a large number of people or objects crowded together
A mass of cyclists was gathered for the contest.
Synonyms:
Large number | abundance | profusion | multitude | group | crowd | mob | rabble | horde |
barrage | throng | huddle | host | troop | army | herd | flock | drove | swarm | pack | press |
crush | mountain | flood
(iii) Noun: the majority of
The mass of the people think that the problems are caused by government inefficiency.
Synonyms:
Majority | larger part/number | greater part/number | best/better part | major part | most |
bulk | main body | preponderance | almost all | lion's share
(iv) Noun: the ordinary people
Seaside towns that catered for the masses are very popular.
Synonyms:
The common people | the populace | the public | the people | the multitude | the rank and file
| the crowd | the commonalty | the commonality | the third estate | the plebeians |
derogatorythe hoi polloi | the mob | the proletariat | the common herd | the rabble | the riff-
raff | the canaille | the great unwashed | the ragtag (and bobtail) | the proles | the plebs
Opposite:
Elite | oligarchy
(v) Noun: (in general use) weight
Multiply the mass of the payload by the distance travelled.
Synonyms:
Weight | size | magnitude | bulk | dimensions | capacity | density | extent | scope | greatness
| bigness | hugeness | amount | matter
(vi) Adjective: involving or affecting large numbers of people or things
The film has mass appeal.
Synonyms:
Wholesale | universal | widespread | general | large-scale | extensive | pandemic
(vii) Verb: assemble or cause to assemble into a single body or mass
Both countries began massing troops in the region.
Synonyms:

Accumulate | assemble | amass | collect | gather | gather together | draw together | join
together | marshal | muster | round up | mobilize | rally
Opposite:
Disperse | disband
(viii) Noun: the celebration of the Christian Eucharist, especially in the Roman Catholic Church
He went to Mass.
Synonyms:
Eucharist | Holy Communion | Communion | the Lord's Supper
(ix) Noun: a particular celebration of the Eucharist
He pontificated at three Christmas Masses.
Synonyms:
Eucharist | Holy Communion | Communion | the Lord's Supper
105. Mount:
(i) Verb: climb up (stairs, a hill, or other rising surface)
Synonyms:
Go up | ascend | climb | climb up | scale | clamber up | make one's way up | move up | climb
on to | jump on to | clamber on to | get on to | board | step aboard
(ii) Verb: get up on (an animal or bicycle) in order to ride it
Synonyms:
Get astride | straddle | get on the back of | bestride | get on to | hop on to
(iii) Verb: organize and initiate (a campaign or other course of action)
Synonyms:
Organize | stage | prepare | arrange | set up | produce | get up | launch | set in motion | put in
place | initiate
(iv) Verb: produce (a play, exhibition, or other artistic event) for public viewing
Synonyms:
Put on display | display | exhibit | present | put in place | install | organize | put on | stage |
prepare
(v) Verb: grow larger or more numerous
Synonyms:
Increase | grow | rise | escalate | soar | spiral | leap up | shoot up | rocket | climb |
accumulate | accrue | pile up | build up | multiply | intensify | swell | wax
Opposite
Decrease | diminish
(vi) Verb: place or fix (an object) on a support
Synonyms:
Install | place | fix | set | erect | put up | attach | put in position | secure
106. Minimum:
(i) Noun: the least or smallest amount or quantity possible, attainable, or required
Keep costs to a minimum.
Synonyms:
Lowest level | lower limit | bottom level | bottom | base | least | lowest | rock bottom |
slightest | depth | nadir
Opposite:
Maximum
(ii) Adjective: smallest or lowest
This can be done with the minimum amount of effort.
Synonyms:

Minimal | least | smallest | least possible | slightest | lowest | rock-bottom | minutest | littlest
Opposite:
Maximum | most
107. Mayhem:
Noun: violent or extreme disorder; chaos
Complete mayhem broke out in the city.
Synonyms:
Chaos | disorder | confusion | havoc | bedlam | pandemonium | tumult | uproar | turmoil |
madness | madhouse | hullabaloo | all hell broken loose | wild disarray | disorganization |
maelstrom | trouble | disturbance | commotion | riot | anarchy | destruction | violence
108. Miniature:
Adjective: very small of its kind
Children dressed as miniature adults.
Synonyms:
Small-scale | scaled-down | mini | tiny | little | small | minute | baby | toy | pocket | fun-size |
midget | dwarf | pygmy | minuscule | microscopic | nanoscopic | micro | diminutive | reduced
| Lilliputian | wee | vest-pocket | teeny | teeny-weeny | teensy | teensy-weensy | weeny | itsy-
bitsy | itty-bitty | eensy | eensy-weensy | tiddly | pint-sized | bite-sized | titchy | little-bitty
Opposite:
Giant
109. Mumbled:
Verb: say something indistinctly and quietly, making it difficult for others to hear
He mumbled something she didn't catch.
Synonyms:
Mutter | murmur | speak indistinctly | talk under one's breath | speak sotto voce | talk to
oneself | maffle
110. Meditated:
(i) Verb: focus one's mind for a period of time, in silence or with the aid of chanting, for
religious or spiritual purposes or as a method of relaxation
I set aside time every day to write and meditate.
(ii) Verb: think deeply about (something)
He went off to meditate on the new idea.
Synonyms:
Contemplate | think about | consider | ponder | cogitate | muse | revolve | weigh up | reflect |
deliberate | chew over | ruminate | chew the cud | digest | turn over | pore over | brood |
mull over | engage in contemplation | be in a thoughtful state | be in a brown study | be lost in
thought | debate with oneself | puzzle | speculate | have in mind | intend | purpose | propose
| plan | project | design | devise | scheme | plot | put on one's thinking cap | cerebrate
111. Mould:
Verb: form (an object) out of malleable material
Mould the figure from white fondant.
Synonyms:
Shape | form | fashion | model | work | construct | frame | make | create | configure |
manufacture | design | sculpt | sculpture | throw | forge | cast | die-cast | stamp | print |
impress | emboss | deboss | engrave | etch
112. Menacing:
Verb: be a threat or possible danger to
Africa's elephants are still menaced by poaching.

Synonyms:
Threaten | be a danger to | put at risk | jeopardize | imperil | loom over | bully | intimidate |
issue threats to | frighten | scare | alarm | terrify | browbeat | cow | terrorize | threatening |
ominous | black | thunderous | glowering | brooding | sinister | intimidating | frightening |
terrifying | fearsome | mean-looking | alarming | forbidding | baleful | warning | minatory |
minacious | looming | louring | in the wind | impending | brewing | dark | heavy | portentous |
ugly | imminent | bodeful
Opposite:
Friendly | auspicious
113. Nuisance;
Noun: a person or thing causing inconvenience or annoyance
It's a nuisance having all those people clomping through the house.
Synonyms:
Source of annoyance/irritation | annoyance | inconvenience | bore | bother | irritant | problem
| difficulty | trouble | trial | burden | pest | plague | thorn in one's side/flesh | pain | pain in
the neck | pain in the backside | headache | hassle | bind | drag | aggravation | menace | nyaff
| skelf | pain in the butt | nudnik | burr under/in someone's saddle | fair cow | nark | blister |
infliction | vulgar slangpain in the arse
Opposite:
Help | blessing
114. Naïve:
(i) Adjective: (of a person or action) showing a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgement
The rather naive young man had been totally misled.
(ii) Adjective: (of a person) natural and unaffected; innocent
Andy had a sweet, naive look when he smiled.
Synonyms:
Innocent | unsophisticated | artless | ingenuous | inexperienced | guileless | unworldly |
childlike | trusting | trustful | dewy-eyed | starry-eyed | wide-eyed | fond | simple | natural |
unaffected | unpretentious | gullible | credulous | easily taken in | easily deceived |
unsuspecting | over-trusting | over-trustful | born yesterday | unsuspicious | deceivable |
dupable | immature | callow | raw | green | as green as grass | ignorant | wet behind the ears
Opposite:
Sophisticated | disingenuous | experienced | worldly
115. Native:
(i) Noun: a local inhabitant.
New York in the summer was too hot even for the natives.
Synonyms:
Inhabitant | resident | local | aborigine | citizen | national | dweller | autochthon | indigene
Opposite:
Foreigner | outsider | alien
(ii) Adjective: associated with the place or circumstances of a person's birth
He's a native New Yorker.
Synonyms:
Mother | vernacular
(iii) Adjective: of the indigenous inhabitants of a place
A ceremonial native dance from Fiji was seen in my country.
Synonyms:
Indigenous | aboriginal | original | first | earliest | autochthonous | autochthonic

Opposite:
Immigrant
(iv) Adjective: (of a plant or animal) of indigenous origin or growth
Eagle owls aren't native to Britain.
Synonyms:
Domestic | home-grown | home-made | home | local | indigenous | endemic
Opposite:
Imported
(v) Adjective: (of a quality) belonging to a person's character from birth; innate
Some last vestige of native wit prompted Guy to say nothing.
Synonyms:
Innate | inherent | inborn | intrinsic | instinctive | instinctual | intuitive | natural | natural-born
| deep-seated | deep-rooted | hereditary | inherited | in the blood | in the family | natal |
congenital | bred in the bone | inbred | ingrained | built-in | connate | connatural
Opposite:
Acquired | learned
116. Nauseous:
(i) Adjective: affected with nausea; feeling inclined to vomit
He smelled a rancid odour that made him nauseous.
Synonyms:
Sick | nauseated | queasy | bilious | sick to one's stomach | green | green about/at the gills | ill
| unwell | bad | seasick | carsick | airsick | travel-sick | about to throw up | barfy | chunderous
| qualmish
(ii) Adjective: causing nausea
The smell was nauseous.
(iii) Adjective: disgusting or offensive
This nauseous account of a court case was loathsome.
Synonyms:
Sickening | nauseating | stomach-turning | stomach-churning | emetic | sickly | disgusting |
revolting | repulsive | repellent | repugnant | offensive | loathsome | abhorrent | odious |
obnoxious | nasty | foul | vile | appalling | abominable | vomitous | sick-making | ghastly |
putrid | horrid | godawful | gross | gut-churning | yucky | beastly | bogging | chunderous |
noisome | disgustful | loathly | vulgar slangcrappy
Opposite:
Charming| pleasing
117. Negate:
(i) Verb: make ineffective; nullify
Alcohol negates the effects of the drug.
Synonyms:
Invalidate | nullify | render null and void | render invalid | make ineffective | neutralize | cancel
(out) | undo | reverse | annul | void | revoke | rescind | abrogate | repeal | retract |
countermand | overrule | overturn | avoid
Opposite:
Confirm | support | validate
(ii) Verb: make (a clause, sentence, or proposition) negative in meaning
(ii) Verb: deny the existence of
You cannot negate the political nature of education.
Synonyms:

Deny | dispute | call into question | contradict | refute | rebut | discredit | disclaim | reject |
repudiate | gainsay | controvert
Opposite:
Confirm | ratify
118. Negligence:
Noun: failure to take proper care over something
His injury was due to the negligence of his employers.
Synonyms:
Carelessness | lack of care | dereliction of duty | non-performance of duty | non-fulfilment of
duty | remissness | neglectfulness | neglect | laxity | laxness | irresponsibility | inattention |
inattentiveness | heedlessness | thoughtlessness | unmindfulness | forgetfulness | slackness |
sloppiness | contributory negligence | culpa | barratry | delinquency | disregardfulness |
inadvertence | inadvertency | oscitation
Opposite:
Conscientiousness | attention to duty
119. Nemesis:
(i) Noun: the inescapable agent of someone's or something's downfall
Injury, consistently his nemesis, struck him down during the match.
(ii) Noun: a long-standing rival; an arch-enemy
Will Harry Potter finally defeat his nemesis, Voldemort?
Synonyms:
Arch-enemy | arch-rival | enemy | rival | foe | adversary | opponent | antagonist | combatant
| challenger
(iii) Noun: a downfall caused by an inescapable agent
One risks nemesis by uttering such words.
Synonyms:
Downfall | undoing | ruin | ruination | destruction | Waterloo
(iv) Noun: retributive justice
Nemesis is notoriously slow.
Synonyms:
Retribution | vengeance | retributive justice | punishment | just deserts | fate | destiny
120. Neutral:
(i) Adjective: not supporting or helping either side in a conflict, disagreement, etc.;
impartial
Neutral and non-aligned European nations are always at advantage.
Synonyms:
Impartial | unbiased | unprejudiced | objective | without favouritism | open-minded | non-
partisan | non-discriminatory | disinterested | even-handed | equitable | fair | fair-minded |
dispassionate | detached | impersonal | unemotional | clinical | indifferent | removed |
uninvolved | uncommitted | unaligned | non-aligned | unaffiliated | unallied | non-allied | non-
participating | non-interventionist | non-combatant | non-belligerent | non-combative | non-
fighting | anti-war
Opposite:
Biased | partisan | combatant | belligerent
(ii) Adjective: having no strongly marked or positive characteristics or features
Her tone was neutral, devoid of sentiment.
Synonyms:

Inoffensive | bland | unobjectionable | unexceptionable | anodyne | unremarkable | ordinary |
commonplace | run-of-the-mill | everyday | safe | harmless | innocuous
Opposite:
Provocative | offensive
(iii) Adjective: of or denoting a pale grey, cream, or beige colour
Walls are painted in neutral tones.
Synonyms:
Pale | pastel | light-toned | beige | cream | taupe | oatmeal | ecru | buff | fawn | grey | greige
| sand | stone-coloured | stone | mushroom | putty | colourless | uncoloured | washed out |
indefinite | indistinct | indeterminate | insipid | nondescript | toneless | dull | drab |
achromatic | achromic
Opposite:
Bright | colourful
121. Niggle:
(i) Verb: cause slight but persistent annoyance, discomfort, or anxiety
Doreen wanted to discuss matters that niggled at her mind.
Synonyms:
Irritate | annoy | worry | trouble | bother | provoke | exasperate | upset | gall | irk | rankle
with | rile | get up someone's nose | hack off | get | get to | bug
(ii) Verb: criticize or annoy (someone) in a petty way
People niggle me for doing too much work.
Synonyms:
Complain | object | moan | fuss | nag | carp | cavil | find fault | grumble | grouse | mither |
twine | nitpick
(iii) Noun: a trivial criticism, discomfort, or annoyance
It is an excellent book except for my few niggles.
Synonyms:
Minor criticism | quibble | trivial objection | trivial complaint | adverse comment | moan |
grumble | grouse | cavil | twine | gripe | beef | grouch | nitpicking | pettifogging
122. Opted for:
Verb: make a choice from a range of possibilities
Consumers opted for low-priced goods.
Synonyms:
Choose | select | pick | pick out | decide on | go for | settle on | plump for/on | single out |
take | fix on | pitch on
123. On the wrong foot:
Idiom: to start a relationship or activity badly
Synonyms:
124. Occasionally:
Adverb: at infrequent or irregular intervals; now and then
We met up occasionally for a drink.
Synonyms:
Sometimes | from time to time | (every) now and then | (every) now and again | at times |
every so often | (every) once in a while | on occasion | on occasions | on the odd occasion |
periodically | at intervals | irregularly | sporadically | spasmodically | infrequently |
intermittently | on and off | off and on | ever and anon
Opposite:

Often | frequently
125. Operation:
(i) Noun: the action of functioning or the fact of being active or in effect
Restrictions on the operation of market forces are not justifiable.
Synonyms:
Functioning | working | running | performance | action | behavior | effect | force | potency |
power | effectiveness | up and running | operative | in use | in action | going | operational |
workable | serviceable | functional | usable | in working order/condition | viable | in force |
effective | in effect | valid
(ii) Noun: an act of surgery performed on a patient
I've never felt better since my bypass operation.
Synonyms:
Surgery | surgical operation | surgical intervention | major surgery | minor surgery
(iii) Noun: an organized activity involving a number of people
A rescue operation was conducted for the kidnapped child.
Synonyms:
Action| activity | exercise | affair | business | undertaking | step | enterprise | task | job |
process | procedure | manoeuvre | campaign
(iv) Noun: a business organization; a company
He reopened his operation under a different name.
Synonyms:
Business | enterprise | company | firm | organization | concern | outfit | set-up
126. Plopped: (check its synonyms)
Noun: a short sound as of a small, solid object dropping into water without a splash
The stone fell into the water with a soft plop.
Synonyms:
Plummeting | sinking | descent | dip | dive | drop | fall | nosedive | plunge | decline | decrease
| down | comedown | downfall | downgrade
Verb: fall or cause to fall with a plop
The stone plopped into the pond.
Synonyms:
Flop | flump | plank | plump | plunk | plonk | fling | heave | sling | toss | ensconce | install |
plant | settle
127. Presume:
(i) Verb: suppose that something is the case on the basis of probability
I presumed that the man had been escorted from the building.
Synonyms:
Assume | suppose | dare say | imagine | take it | expect | believe | think | surmise | guess |
judge | trust | conjecture | speculate | postulate | posit | hypothesize | deduce | divine | infer
| conclude | presuppose | take for granted | take as read
(ii) Verb: be arrogant or impertinent enough to do something
Kindly don't presume to issue me orders in my own house.
Synonyms:
Venture | dare | have the temerity | have the audacity | have the effrontery | be so bold as |
make so bold as | go so far as | take the liberty of
(iii) Verb: unjustifiably regard (something) as entitling one to privileges
He was wary of presuming on the close friendship between them.
Synonyms:

Take advantage of | take unfair advantage of | exploit | take liberties with | rely on | depend on
| count on | bank on | reckon on | place reliance on | trust
128. Precautions:
Noun: a measure taken in advance to prevent something dangerous, unpleasant, or inconvenient
from happening
He had taken the precaution of seeking legal advice.
Synonyms:
Safeguard | safety measure | insurance | defence | provision | backstop
129. Panting:
(i) Adjective: breathing with short, quick breaths; out of breath
I saw a panting dog in the street.
Synonyms:
Breathe heavily | breathe hard | breathe quickly | puff | huff and puff | puff and blow | gasp |
wheeze | heave | blow | out of breath | breathless | short of breath | puffed out | puffing |
huffing and puffing | puffing and blowing | gasping | gasping for breath | wheezing | wheezy |
winded | short-winded | out of puff
(ii) Verb: long for or to do something
The opening song makes you pant for more.
Synonyms:
Yearn for | long for | crave | hanker after/for | pine for | ache for | hunger for | thirst for | be
hungry for | be greedy for | be thirsty for | itch for | sigh for | be dying for | cry out for | wish
for | desire | be consumed with desire for | want | covet | have a yen for | be a thirst for |
suspire for
130. Purchase:
(i) Verb: acquire (something) by paying for it; buy
Mr Gill spotted the manuscript at a local auction and purchased it for £1,500.
Synonyms:
Buy | acquire | obtain | pick up | snap up | take | secure | procure | come by | pay for | shop
for | invest in | put money into | get hold of | get one's hands on | get one's mitts on | score
Opposite:
Sell | market
(ii) Noun: the action of buying something
The large number of videos is currently available for purchase.
(iii) Noun: a thing that has been bought
She stowed her purchases in the car.
(iv) Noun: the acquisition of property by one's personal action rather than by inheritance
Synonyms:
Acquisition | investment | buy | order | deal | bargain | property | asset | possession | holding
| shopping | goods
Opposite:
Sale
(v) Noun: firm contact or grip
The horse's hooves fought for purchase on the slippery pavement.
Synonyms:
Grip | firm contact | attachment | hold | foothold | footing | toehold | fingerhold | anchorage |
support | grasp | resistance | friction | leverage | advantage
131. Persisted:
(i) Verb: continue in an opinion or course of action in spite of difficulty or opposition

The minority of drivers who persist in drinking was caught last night.
Synonyms:
Persevere | continue | carry on | go on | keep at it | keep on | keep going | keep it up | not
give up | be persistent | be determined | see/follow something through | show determination |
press on/ahead | plod on | plough on | stay with something | not take no for an answer | be
tenacious | be pertinacious | insist | be patient | be diligent | stand one's ground | stand
fast/firm | hold on | hold out | go the distance | stay the course | grind away | struggle on |
hammer away | stop at nothing | leave no stone unturned | plug away | peg away | stick at it |
soldier on | hang on | stick to one's guns | stick it out | hang in there | bash on
Opposite:
Abandon | stop
(ii) Verb: continue to exist; be prolonged
If the symptoms persist for more than a few days, then contact your doctor.
Synonyms:
Continue | hold | carry on | last | keep on | keep up | remain | linger | stay | endure | survive
132. Pensively:
Adverb: engaged in, involving, or reflecting deep or serious thought
He was staring pensively out of the window.
Synonyms:
Thoughtful | thinking | reflective | contemplative | musing | meditative | introspective |
prayerful | philosophical | cogitative | ruminative | absorbed | engrossed | rapt | preoccupied
| deep/immersed/lost in thought | in a brown study | broody | serious | studious | solemn |
dreamy | dreaming | wistful | brooding | melancholy | sad | ruminant
133. Prime:
(i) Adjective: of first importance; main.
A nurse's prime concern is the well-being of the patient.
Synonyms:
Main | chief | key | primary | central | principal | foremost | first | most important |
paramount | major | dominant | supreme | overriding | cardinal | pre-eminent | ultimate |
number-one | fundamental | basic | essential | elemental | vital
Opposite:
Secondary | subordinate
(ii) Adjective: of the best possible quality; excellent
I asked the butcher to give me prime cuts of meat.
Synonyms:
Top-quality | highest quality | top | top-tier | best | first-class | first-rate | high-grade | grade A
| superior | supreme | flawless | choice | select | finest | superlative | peak | optimal | model |
excellent | marvelous | magnificent | superb | fine | wonderful | exceptional | formidable | top
of the range | top of the line | tip-top | A1 | stellar | top-notch
Opposite:
Inferior
(iii) Noun: the state or time of greatest vigour or success in a person's life
You're in the prime of life.
Synonyms:
Heyday | best days/years | day | time | prime of one's life | maturity | youth | springtime |
salad days | bloom | flowering | full flowering | perfection | peak | pinnacle | height | high
point/spot zenith | ascendancy
134. Placidly:

(i) Adjective: not easily upset or excited
He is a placid, contented man.
Synonyms:
Even-tempered | calm | equable | tranquil | imperturbable | unexcitable | peaceable |
peaceful | serene | mild | gentle | quiet | cool | cool-headed | collected | composed | self-
possessed | poised | easy-going | temperate | level-headed | steady | unruffled | unmoved |
undisturbed | unperturbed | unemotional | phlegmatic | stolid | bovine | unflappable |
nonplussed | equanimous
Opposite:
Excitable | temperamental
(ii) calm and peaceful, with little movement or activity
I feel comfort in the placid waters of a small lake.
Synonyms:
Quiet | calm | tranquil | still | peaceful | motionless | smooth | waveless | pacific | unruffled |
undisturbed | like a millpond | restful | sleepy
Opposite:
Stormy | rough
135. Peered:
Verb: look with difficulty or concentration at someone or something
She peered at her with suspicion.
Synonyms:
Squint | look closely/earnestly | try to see | look through narrowed eyes | narrow one's eyes |
screw up one's eyes | peep | peek | pry | spy | look | gawp | gaze | stare | gape | scrutinize |
survey | examine | view | eye | scan | observe | study | regard | contemplate | snoop |
squinny
136. Propelling:
(i) Verb: drive or push something forwards
The boat is propelled by using a very long paddle.
Synonyms:
Push/move forwards | move | set in motion | get moving | drive | throw | thrust | toss | fling |
hurl | lob | let fly | launch | pitch | project |send | shoot | chuck | sling | bung
(ii) Verb: spur or drive into a particular situation
Fear propelled her out of her stillness.
Synonyms:
Spur | drive | prompt | precipitate | catapult | motivate | force | impel
137. Passion:
(i) Noun: strong and barely controllable emotion.
He is a man of impetuous passion.
(ii) Noun: a state or outburst of strong emotion
Synonyms:
Rage | blind rage | fit of rage/anger/temper | temper | towering rage | outburst of anger |
tantrum | fury | frenzy | paroxysm | fever | paddy | wax | bate | paddywhack
(iii) intense sexual love
They are having all-consuming passion for each other
Synonyms:
Love | desire | sexual love | sexual desire | lust | ardour | hunger | yearning | longing | craving
| adoration | infatuation | lasciviousness | lustfulness | amour fou | concupiscence |
nympholepsy

(iv) Noun: an intense desire or enthusiasm for something
The English have a passion for gardens.
Synonyms:
Fervor | ardour | intensity | enthusiasm | eagerness | zeal | zealousness | vehemence | vigour
| avidity | avidness | feeling | emotion | fire | heat | fieriness | fierceness | excitement |
energy | animation | gusto | zest | zestfulness | spirit | spiritedness | commitment | fanaticism
| violence | fervency | ardency | passionateness | love | mania | keen interest | fascination |
obsession | fixation | predilection | compulsion | appetite | relish | partiality | liking | interest |
weakness | penchant | addiction | fondness | thing | yen | appetency
Opposite:
Indifference | apathy
(v) Noun: a thing arousing great enthusiasm
Modern furniture is a particular passion of Bill's.
Synonyms:
Obsession | preoccupation | craze | mania | rage | hobby horse
(vi) Noun: the suffering and death of Jesus
Meditations on the Passion of Christ can be seen in Christian community.
Synonyms:
Crucifixion | pain | suffering | agony | martyrdom | martyrization
138. Promptly:
Adverb: with little or no delay; immediately
He paid the fine promptly.
Synonyms:
Punctually | on time | on the dot | on the nail | bang on | spot on | on the button | on the
knocker | quickly | swiftly | rapidly | speedily | fast | as soon as possible | ASAP | expeditiously
| at once | immediately | straight away | right away | now | without delay | without hesitation
| forthwith | directly | instantly | instantaneously | by return | unhesitatingly | momentarily |
pronto | p.d.q. (pretty damn quick) | in double quick time
139. Practically:
(i) Adverb: virtually; almost
The strike lasted practically a fortnight.
Synonyms:
Almost | nearly | very nearly | virtually | just about | all but | more or less | not far from | close
to | in effect | as good as | to all intents and purposes | approaching | verging on | bordering
on | next to | essentially | basically | pretty much | pretty nearly | pretty well | well-nigh
(ii) in a practical manner
‘He might win,’ pointed out Helen practically.
Synonyms:
Realistically | sensibly | reasonably | pragmatically | matter-of-factly | rationally | with
common sense
140. Prone to:
Adjective: likely or liable to suffer from, do, or experience something unpleasant or regrettable
Farmed fish are prone to disease.
Synonyms:
Susceptible | vulnerable | liable | inclined | given | subject | disposed | predisposed | open |
likely to have/get | apt to get | with a tendency to get | at risk of | in danger of getting
Opposite:
Resistant | immune

141. Paraphernalia:
Noun: miscellaneous articles, especially the equipment needed for a particular activity
Drills, saws, and other paraphernalia are necessary for home improvements.
Synonyms:
Equipment | stuff | things | apparatus | tackle | kit | implements | tools | utensils | material(s)
| appliances | rig | outfit | accoutrements | appurtenances | impedimenta | miscellaneous
articles | odds and ends | bits and pieces | bits and bobs | trappings | accessories | gear | junk
| rubbish | the necessary | traps | clobber | gubbins | odds and sods | dunnage | equipage
142. Prerogative:
Noun: a right or privilege exclusive to a particular individual or class
In some countries, higher education is predominantly the prerogative of the rich.
Synonyms:
Entitlement | right | privilege | advantage | due | birthright | liberty | authority | authorization
| power | licence | permission | dispensation | leave | consent | warrant | charter | franchise |
sanction | exemption | immunity | indemnity | carte blanche | droit
143. Path:
(i) Noun: a way or track laid down for walking or made by continual treading
The path continues alongside the river for half a mile.
Synonyms:
Footpath | pathway | footway | pavement | track | jogging track | trail | trackway | bridleway |
bridle path | ride | riding | towpath | walk | walkway | promenade | esplanade | avenue | lane
| alley | alleyway | passage | passageway | byway | sidetrack | berm | causeway | right of way
| cycle path | cycle track | cycleway | sidewalk | bikeway | trace | pavé
(ii) Noun: the course or direction in which a person or thing is moving
The missile traced a fiery path in the sky.
Synonyms:
Route | way | course | approach | road | direction | bearing | line | track | beat | round | run |
orbit | trajectory
(iii) Noun: a course of action or way of achieving a specified result
A chosen career path is a blessing.
Synonyms:
Course of action | route | road | avenue | procedure | direction | line | approach | tack |
method | system | scheme | strategy | tactic | plan | formula
144. Precision:
Noun: the quality, condition, or fact of being exact and accurate
The deal was planned and executed with military precision.
Synonyms:
Exactness | exactitude | accuracy | accurateness | correctness | preciseness | clarity | clearness
| distinctness | faithfulness | fidelity | care | carefulness | meticulousness | scrupulousness |
punctiliousness | particularity | methodicalness | perfection | rigour | rigorousness | nicety
145. Pizzazz:
Noun: an attractive combination of vitality and glamour
I selected a summer collection with pizzazz.
Synonyms:
Allure | animal | magnetism | appeal | attractiveness | captivation | charisma | charm |
duende | enchantment | fascination | force field | glamour (also glamor) | magic | magnetism |
oomph | seductiveness | witchery
146. Potential:

(i) Adjective: having or showing the capacity to develop into something in the future
A campaign to woo potential customers is being started.
Synonyms:
Possible | likely | prospective | future | probable | budding | in the making | latent | embryonic
| developing | dormant | inherent | unrealized | undeveloped
(ii) Noun: latent qualities or abilities that may be developed and lead to future success or
usefulness
A young broadcaster with great potential has appeared on the scene.
Synonyms:
Possibilities | potentiality | prospects | promise | capability | capacity | ability | power |
aptitude | talent | flair | what it takes
147. Qualitative:
Adjective: relating to, measuring, or measured by the quality of something rather than its
quantity
A qualitative change in the undergraduate curriculum is mandatory.
Approximate | subjective | conditional | dependent | partial | personal | personalized |
individual | internal | emotional | instinctive | intuitive | impressionistic | biased | prejudiced |
bigoted | idiosyncratic | irrational | gut | gut reaction
Opposite:
Objective | impartial
148. Qualm:
Noun: an uneasy feeling of doubt, worry, or fear, especially about one's own conduct; a
misgiving
Military regimes generally have no qualms about controlling the press.
Synonyms:
Misgiving | doubt | reservation | second thought | worry | concern | anxiety | hesitation |
hesitance | hesitancy | demur | reluctance | disinclination | apprehension | trepidation |
disquiet | disquietude | unease | uneasiness | scruple | pang of conscience | twinge of
conscience/remorse | compunction | remorse
Opposite:
Confidence
149. Quantitative:
Adjective: relating to, measuring, or measured by the quantity of something rather than its
quality
You need to do a quantitative analysis of your thesis.
Synonyms:
Perceptible | significant | mensurable | assessable | calculable | commensurate | computable |
fathomable | gaugeable | material | quantifiable | surveyable | weighable
150. Quarrel:
(i) Noun: a heated argument or disagreement, typically about a trivial issue and between
people who are usually on good term
She made the mistake of picking a quarrel with John.
Synonyms:
Argument | row | fight | disagreement | difference of opinion | dissension | falling-out |
dispute | disputation | contention | squabble | contretemps | clash | altercation | exchange |
brawl | tussle | disturbance | conflict | affray | brouhaha | commotion | uproar | tumult | war
of words | shouting match | fracas | feud | wrangle | tangle | misunderstanding | donnybrook
| tiff | set-to | shindig | shindy | stand-up | run-in | spat | scrap | dust-up | ruction | barney |

bunfight | ding-dong | bust-up | ruck | slanging match | afters | rammy | hassle | yike | broil |
miff | tracasserie(s)
Opposite:
Reconciliation | agreement
(ii) Verb: have a heated argument or disagreement
Stop quarrelling with your sister.
Synonyms:
Argue | have a row/fight | row | fight | disagree | fail to agree | differ | be at odds | have |
misunderstanding | be at variance | fall out | dispute | bicker | squabble | brawl | chop logic |
wrangle | spar | bandy words | cross swords | lock horns | be at each other's throats | be at
loggerheads | scrap | argufy | spat | altercate
(iii) Verb: take exception to or disagree with (something)
Some people quarrel with this approach.
Synonyms:
Find fault with | fault | criticize | argue with/against | object to | be hostile to | censure |
condemn | be against | be anti | oppose | be in opposition to | take exception to | attack | take
issue with | find lacking | pick holes in | impugn | contradict | dispute | rebut | complain about
| cavil at | carp at | knock | gainsay | controvert
Opposite:
Agree with
151. Quench:
(i) Verb: satisfy (one's thirst) by drinking; satisfy (a desire)
He only pursued her to quench an aching need.
Synonyms:
Satisfy | slake | sate | satiate | gratify | relieve | assuage | take the edge off | appease | meet |
fulfill | indulge | lessen | deaden | decrease | lower | reduce | diminish | curb | check | still |
damp | suppress | extinguish | smother | stifle | overcome
(ii) Verb: extinguish (a fire)
Firemen hauled on hoses in a desperate bid to quench the flames.
Synonyms:
Extinguish | put out | snuff out | smother | douse | dampen down
152. Query:
(i) Noun: a question, especially one expressing doubt or requesting information
If you have any queries, please telephone our office.
Synonyms:
Question | inquiry | interrogation | examination | quiz | quizzing | doubt | uncertainty |
question mark | reservation | suspicion | scepticism
(ii) Verb: ask a question about something, especially in order to express one's doubts about
it or to check its validity or accuracy
Many people queried whether any harm had been done.
Synonyms:
Ask | inquire | question | quiz | call in/into question | doubt | raise/entertain doubts about |
throw doubt on | suspect | feel uneasy about | challenge | dispute | cast aspersions on | object
to | raise objections to
153. Queue:
(i) Noun: a line or sequence of people or vehicles awaiting their turn to be attended to or to
proceed
Synonyms:

Line | row | column | file | chain | string | stream | procession | train | succession |
progression | cavalcade | sequence | series | waiting list | reserve list | breadline | wait list |
backup | waiting line | crocodile | traffic jam | jam | tailback | gridlock | snarl-up | traffic snarl
(ii) Verb: take one's place in a queue
In the war they had queued for food.
Synonyms:
Line up | stand in a queue | form a queue | queue up | wait in line | form a line | form lines |
get into rows/columns | fall in | file | walk/move in line | form a crocodile
154. Quirk:
(i) Noun: a peculiar aspect of a person's character or behaviour
They accepted her attitude as one of her little quirks.
Synonyms:
Idiosyncrasy | peculiarity | oddity | eccentricity | foible | whim | whimsy | notion | conceit |
vagary | caprice | fancy | kink | crotchet | mannerism | habit | characteristic | trait | feature |
obsession | fad | idée fixe | hang-up | thing | singularity
(ii) Noun: a strange chance occurrence
A strange quirk of fate had led her to working for Nathan.
Synonyms:
Chance | fluke | freak | anomaly | unusual occurrence | turn | peculiar turn of events | twist |
twist of fate
155. Quiver:
(i) Verb: tremble or shake with a slight rapid motion
The tree's branches stopped quivering.
Synonyms:
Tremble | shake | shiver | quaver | quake | shudder | convulse | flutter | agitate | vibrate |
flap | beat
(ii) Noun: a slight trembling movement or sound, especially one caused by a sudden strong
emotion
She couldn't help the quiver in her voice.
Synonyms:
Tremor | tremble | shake | shaking | shakiness | shiver | frisson | chill | vibration | quaver |
quake | shudder | flutter | oscillation | fluctuation | waver | ripple | falter
156. Quizzical:
Adjective: (of a person's expression or behaviour) indicating mild or amused puzzlement
She gave me a quizzical look.
Synonyms:
Puzzled | perplexed | baffled | questioning | inquiring | mystified | curious | skeptical | amused
| sardonic | supercilious | mocking | teasing
157. Quotation :
(i) Noun: a group of words taken from a text or speech and repeated by someone other
than the original author or speaker
I took a quotation from Mark Twain.
Synonyms:
Citation | quote | reference | mention | allusion | excerpt | extract | selection | passage | line
| cutting | clip | clipping | snippet | reading | section | piece | part | fragment | portion |
paragraph | verse | stanza | canto | sentence | phrase | cite | gobbet
(ii) Noun: a formal statement setting out the estimated cost for a particular job or service
Kindly ensure you receive a written quotation covering all aspects of the job

Synonyms:
Estimate | estimated price | price | quote | tender | bid | cost | charge | rate | figure
158. Rituals:
(i) Noun: a religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed
according to a prescribed order
I saw people performing ancient fertility rituals.
(ii) Noun: a prescribed order for performing a ritual ceremony, especially one characteristic
of a particular religion or Church
She likes the High Church ritual.
Synonyms:
Ceremony | rite | ceremonial | observance | service | sacrament | liturgy | worship | office |
celebration | performance | act | practice | order | custom | tradition | convention | institution
| formality | procedure | protocol
(iii) Noun: a series of actions or type of behaviour regularly and invariably followed by
someone
Her visits to Joy became a ritual.
(iv) Adjective: relating to or done as a religious or solemn rite
I witnessed a ritual burial.
(v) Adjective: (of an action) arising from convention or habit
The players gathered for the ritual pre-match huddle.
Synonyms:
Ceremonial | ritualistic | prescribed | set | formal | stately | solemn | dignified | celebratory |
sacramental | liturgical | customary | traditional | conventional | routine | usual | habitual
159. Reinforce:
(i) Verb: strengthen or support (an object or substance), especially with additional material
The helmet has been reinforced with a double layer of cork.
Synonyms:
Strengthen | fortify | bolster up | shore up | buttress | prop up | underpin | brace | stiffen |
toughen | support | hold up | underprop
(ii) Verb: strengthen (an existing feeling, idea, or habit)
The next few months reinforced my opinion of Vince as a man of his word.
Synonyms:
Strengthen | fortify | bolster up | shore up | buttress | prop up | underpin | support | cement |
uphold | defend | maintain | back (up) | buoy up | boost | give a boost to | aid | assist | help |
promote | encourage | deepen | broaden | enrich | enhance | intensify | improve | underline |
heighten | emphasize | stress
(iii) Verb: strengthen (a military force) with additional personnel or equipment
Paratroopers were sent to reinforce the troops already in the area.
Synonyms:
Augment | increase | add to | supplement | boost | swell | build up | top up
160. Reprimanded:
(i) Noun: a formal expression of disapproval
The golfer received a reprimand for a breach of rules.
Synonyms:
Rebuke | reproof | admonishment | admonition | reproach | reproval | scolding |
remonstration | upbraiding | castigation | lambasting | lecture | criticism | censure | telling-off
| rap | rap over the knuckles | slap on the wrist | flea in one's ear | dressing-down | earful |

roasting | tongue-lashing | bawling-out | caning | blast | ticking off | carpeting | wigging |
rollicking | rocket | row | serve | rating | vulgar slangbollocking
Opposite:
Praise | commendation
(ii) Verb: address a reprimand to
Officials were reprimanded for poor work.
Synonyms:
Rebuke | admonish | chastise | chide | upbraid | reprove | reproach | scold | remonstrate with
| berate | take to task | pull up | castigate | lambaste | read someone the Riot Act | lecture |
criticize | censure | haul over the coals | tell off | give someone a talking-to | give someone |
telling-off | dress down | give someone a dressing-down | give someone an earful | give
someone a roasting | give someone a rocket | give someone a rollicking | rap | rap over the
knuckles | slap someone's wrist | let someone have it | bawl out | give someone hell | come
down on | blow up | pitch into | lay into | lace into | give someone a caning | put on the mat |
slap down | blast | rag | keelhaul | tick off | have a go at | carpet | give someone a mouthful |
tear someone off a strip | give someone what for | give someone some stick | wig | give
someone a wigging | give someone a row | row | chew out | ream out | monster | call down |
rate | give someone a rating | trim | reprehend | objurgate | vulgar slangbollock | give
someone a bollocking | chew someone's ass | ream someone's ass
Opposite:
Praise | commend | compliment
161. Riot:
(i) Noun: a violent disturbance of the peace by a crowd.
Riots broke out in the capital.
Synonyms:
Uproar | rampage | furore | tumult | commotion | upheaval | disturbance | street fight |
melee | row | scuffle | fracas | fray | affray | brawl | free-for-all | violent disorder | violence |
mob violence | street fighting | vandalism | frenzy | mayhem | turmoil | lawlessness | anarchy
| wilding
(ii) Noun: an impressively large or varied display of something
The garden was a riot of colour.
Synonyms:
Mass | sea | lavish display | splash | extravagance | extravaganza | flourish | show | exhibition
(iii) Verb: take part in a violent public disturbance
Students rioted in Paris.
Synonyms:
Rampage | go on the rampage | run riot | take to the streets | fight in the streets | start a fight
| raise an uproar | cause an affray | run/go wild | run amok | go berserk | fight | brawl | scuffle
| raise hell
162. Reluctantly:
Adverb: in an unwilling and hesitant way
He reluctantly agrees to do his duty.
Synonyms:
Hesitantly | unwillingly | aloofly | disinterestedly | impassively | incuriously | apathetically |
indifferently | lukewarmly | perfunctorily
163. Refuge:
(i) Noun: the state of being safe or sheltered from pursuit, danger, or difficulty
He was forced to take refuge in the French embassy.

(ii) Noun: a place or situation providing safety or shelter
The family came to be seen as a refuge from a harsh world.
Synonyms:
Shelter | protection | safety | security | asylum | sanctuary | preservation | safe keeping |
place of shelter | place of safety | haven | safe haven | sanctum | safe house | harbor | port in
a storm | ark | retreat | bolthole | foxhole | hiding place | hideaway | hideout | fastness |
querencia
164. Regret:
(i) Verb: feel sad, repentant, or disappointed over (something that one has done or failed to
do)
She immediately regretted her words.
Synonyms:
Be sorry about | feel contrite about | feel apologetic about | feel remorse about/for | be
remorseful about | rue | repent (of) | feel repentant about | be regretful at/about | have a
conscience about | blame oneself for | mourn | grieve for/over | feel grief at | weep over | sigh
over | fret about | pine over | feel sad about | lament | feel sorrow at | sorrow for | be
upset/disappointed about | deplore
Opposite:
Applaud | welcome
(ii) Noun: a feeling of sadness, repentance, or disappointment over an occurrence or
something that one has done or failed to do
She expressed her regret at Virginia's death.
Synonyms:
Remorse | sorrow | contrition | contriteness | repentance | penitence | pangs of conscience |
guilt | compunction | remorsefulness | ruefulness | shame | self-reproach | self-accusation |
self-condemnation | sorriness | sadness | disappointment | dismay | unhappiness | dejection |
lamentation | grief | mourning | mournfulness
Opposite:
Satisfaction | happiness | gladness
165. Rarely:
Adverb: not often; seldom
I rarely drive above 50 mph.
Synonyms:
Seldom | infrequently | on rare occasions | hardly ever | scarcely ever | hardly | scarcely |
almost never | once in a while | only now and then | not often | only occasionally | sporadically
| once in a blue moon
Opposite:
Often | frequently
166. Reproachful:
Adjective: expressing disapproval or disappointment.
She gave him a reproachful look.
Synonyms:
Disapproving | reproving | full of reproof | critical | censorious | disparaging | disappointed |
withering | accusatory | admonitory | condemnatory | castigatory | fault-finding
Opposite:
Approving
167. Ragged:
(i) Adjective: (of cloth or clothes) old and torn

A rough-looking man wearing ragged clothes was an agent.
Synonyms:
Tattered | in tatters | torn | ripped | split | in holes | holey | moth-eaten | frayed | worn |
worn out | well-worn | worn to shreds | falling to pieces | threadbare | the worse for wear |
patched | scruffy | shabby | decrepit | old | tatty | rent
(ii) Adjective: having an irregular or uneven surface, edge, or outline
I drove on a ragged coastline.
Synonyms:
Jagged | craggy | rugged | uneven | rough | irregular | broken | serrated | sawtooth | saw-
edged | notched | nicked | indented | crenulate | crenulated | denticulate | denticulated |
dentate | crenate | crenated | serrate | serrulate
168. Revolving:
(i) Verb: move in a circle on a central axis
Overhead, the fan revolved slowly.
Synonyms:
Go round | turn round | rotate | spin | whirl | pirouette | wheel
(ii) Verb: move in a circular orbit around
The earth revolves around the sun.
Synonyms:
Circle | go | travel | orbit | gyrate | circulate | loop | wheel | encircle
(iii) Verb: treat as the most important element
Their whole lives revolved around the company.
Synonyms:
Be concerned with | be preoccupied with | be absorbed in | focus on | concentrate on | centre
around | hang on | rely on | rest on | pivot on
169. resonant :
(i) Adjective: (of sound) deep, clear, and continuing to sound or reverberate
Synonyms:
Deep | low | sonorous | full | full-bodied | vibrant | rich | clear | ringing | orotund | bass |
baritone | basso | loud | carrying | booming | thunderous | thundering | plangent | pear-
shaped | canorous
Opposite:
Faint | thin | weak
(ii) Adjective: (of a place) filled or resounding with (a sound)
Alpine valleys are resonant with the sound of church bells.
Synonyms:
Reverberating | ringing | resounding | echoing | filled | vibrating | pulsating
(iii) Adjective: having the ability to evoke enduring images, memories, or emotions
The prints are resonant with traditions of Russian folk art and story.
Synonyms:
Evocative | suggestive | expressive | redolent | moving | poignant | haunting
170. Swarmed up:
Phrase: climb (something) rapidly by gripping it with one's hands and feet, alternately hauling
and pushing oneself upwards
I swarmed up the mast.
Synonyms:
Ascend | mount | scale | scramble up | clamber up | shin up | go up | move up | walk up |
make one's way up | conquer

171. Scenario:
(i) Noun: a written outline of a film, novel, or stage work giving details of the plot and
individual scenes
The scenario for four short stories is suspenseful.
Synonyms:
Plot | outline| storyline | framework | structure | scheme | plan | layout | screenplay | script |
synopsis | summary | précis | schema | diegesis
(ii) Noun: a postulated sequence or development of events
A possible scenario is that he was attacked after opening the front door.
Synonyms:
Sequence of events | course of events | chain of events | series of developments | situation
(iii) Noun: a setting, in particular for a work of art or literature
The scenario of the movie is World War Two.
Synonyms:
Setting | background | context | scene | milieu
172. Swathe:
noun
noun: swathe; plural noun: swathes; noun: swath; plural noun: swaths
1.
a broad strip or area of something.
"vast swathes of countryside"
2.
a row or line of grass, corn, or other crop as it falls or lies when mown or reaped.
"if the day is windy, the swathes should be high and narrow"
a strip left clear by the passage of a mowing machine or scythe.
"the combine had cut a deep swathe around the border of the fields"
173. Subsequently:
Adverb: after a particular thing has happened; afterwards
The officer decided to stop and subsequently made an arrest.
Synonyms:
Later | later on | at a later date | at a subsequent time | afterwards | in due course | following
this/that | eventually | then | next | by and by | after a bit | thereafter | thereupon
Opposite:
Previously
174. Struck up:
Adjective: staying aloof from others because one thinks one is superior
‘Stuck-up snob,’ Grandpa used to whisper.
Synonyms:
Conceited | proud | arrogant | haughty | condescending | disdainful | patronizing | snobbish |
snobby | supercilious | imperious | above oneself | self-important | overweening | lordly | high
and mighty | snooty | uppity | uppish | big-headed | swollen-headed | hoity-toity | la-di-da |
too big for one's boots | toffee-nosed | posh | vainglorious
Opposite:
Modest | unassuming
175. String:
(i) Noun: material consisting of threads of cotton, hemp, or other material twisted together
to form a thin length
There are some unwieldy packs tied up with string.

Synonyms:
Twine | cord | yarn | thread | strand | fibre | rope | cable | line | wire | ligature | thong |
hawser | fillis
(ii) Noun: a set of things tied or threaded together on a thin cord
She wore a string of agates round her throat.
Synonyms:
Strand | rope | necklace | rosary | chaplet
(iii) Noun: a sequence of similar items or events
I saw a string of burglaries.
Synonyms:
Series | succession | chain | sequence | concatenation | run | streak | pattern
(iv) Verb: hang (something) so that it stretches in a long line
Lights were strung across the promenade.
Synonyms:
Hang | suspend | sling | stretch | thread | loop | festoon | run | fasten | tie | secure | link
(v) Verb: thread (a series of small objects) on a string
He collected stones with holes in them and strung them on a strong cord.
Synonyms:
Thread | loop | link | join
(vi) Verb: be arranged in a long line
The houses were strung along the road.
Synonyms:
Spread out | space out | set apart | place at intervals | distribute | extend | fan out | scatter |
straggle
176. Sternly:
adverb
adverb: sternly
in a serious and severe manner, especially when asserting authority or exercising discipline.
"he sternly warned me to not do anything stupid"
in a way that is difficult and puts extreme pressure on someone or something.
"a fight had ensued, which sternly tested my peace-making skills"
177. Solemnly:
adverb
adverb: solemnly
1.
in a formal and dignified manner.
"the new Queen was solemnly crowned by the Bishop of Rheims"
in a serious manner.
"several men nodded solemnly in agreement"
2.
with deep sincerity.
"I solemnly swear it will never happen again"
178. Succulent
Adjective: (of food) tender, juicy, and tasty

I took a succulent steak.
Synonyms:
Juicy | moist | luscious | lush | fleshy | pulpy | soft | tender | fresh | ripe | choice | mouth-
watering | appetizing | flavoursome | flavourful | tasty | delicious | delectable | palatable |
toothsome | scrumptious | scrummy | yummy | finger-licking | delish | moreish | peng |
ambrosial | ambrosian | nectareous | nectarean | comestible | flavorous | sapid
Opposite:
Dry | shriveled | unappetizing
179. Shuffled:
(i) Verb: walk by dragging one's feet along or without lifting them fully from the ground
I stepped into my skis and shuffled to the edge of the steep slope.
Synonyms:
Shamble | drag one's feet | stumble | lumber | stagger | teeter | totter | dodder | reel | lurch |
hobble | limp | sprauchle
(ii) Verb: rearrange (a pack of cards) by sliding them over each other quickly
He shuffled the cards and cut the deck.
Synonyms:
Mix | mix up | mingle | intermix | shift about | rearrange | reorganize | jumble
180. Sailed:
(i) Verb: travel in a boat with sails, especially as a sport or recreation
Ian took us out sailing on the lake.
Synonyms:
Yacht | boat | go sailing | crew | helm | skipper a boat
(ii) Verb: travel in a ship or boat using sails or engine power
The ferry caught fire sailing between Caen and Portsmouth.
Synonyms:
Go by water | go by sea | go on a sea voyage | voyage | steam | navigate | cruise | ride the
waves
(iii) Verb: begin a voyage; leave a harbour
The catamaran sails at 3:30.
Synonyms:
Set sail | put to sea | put out (to sea) | leave port | leave dock | leave harbor | hoist sail | raise
sail | weigh anchor | put off | shove off
(iv) Verb: travel by ship on or across (a sea) or on (a route)
Plastic ships could be sailing the oceans soon.
Synonyms:
Go by water | go by sea | go on a sea voyage | voyage | steam | navigate | cruise | ride the
waves
(v) Verb: navigate or control (a boat or ship)
I stole a small fishing boat and sailed it to the Delta.
Synonyms:
Steer | captain | pilot | skipper | navigate | con | helm
(vi) move smoothly and rapidly or in a stately or confident manner
The ball sailed inside the right-hand post.
Synonyms:
Glide | drift | float | flow | slide | slip | sweep | skim | coast | skate | breeze | flit | whizz |
speed | streak | shoot | whip | whoosh | buzz | zoom | flash | blast | career | fly | wing | kite |
skite | scud | scorch | tear | zap | zip | soar | wing its way | take to the air | ascend | mount |
climb | arc | curve
(vii) Verb: succeed easily at (something, especially a test or examination)
Ali sailed through his exams.
Synonyms:

Succeed easily at | gain success in easily | pass easily | romp through | walk through | get
through
Opposite:
Fail | scrape through
(viii) Verb: attack physically or verbally with force
Synonyms:
Attack | set upon | set about | fall on | assault | assail | tear into | weigh into | lay into | light
into | pitch into | turn on | lash out at | hit out at | strike out at | (let) fly at | lash | round on |
drub | thump | batter | hammer | pummel | beat | paste | thrash | belabor | lambaste |
berate | abuse | let someone have it | have a go at
181. Stunt:
Verb: prevent from growing or developing properly
Some weeds produce chemicals that stunt the plant's growth.
Synonyms:
Inhibit | impede | hamper | hinder | restrict | retard | slow | curb | arrest | check | stop |
small | little | tiny | undersized | undersize | diminutive | dwarf | dwarfish | pygmy | baby |
wee
Opposite:
Promote | encourage
182. Sauntered:
Verb: walk in a slow, relaxed manner
Adam sauntered into the room.
Synonyms:
Stroll | amble | wander | meander | drift | maunder | potter | walk | promenade | ramble | go
for a walk | go for a stroll | take a walk | stretch one's legs | take the air | stravaig | streel |
mosey | tootle | pootle | bimble | perambulate
183. Splendor:
Noun: magnificent and splendid appearance; grandeur
The barren splendour of the Lake District is still magical.
Synonyms:
Magnificence | grandeur | sumptuousness | impressiveness | resplendence | opulence | luxury
| luxuriousness | richness | fineness | lavishness | ornateness | glory | gloriousness |
gorgeousness | splendidness | beauty | elegance | majesty | stateliness | nobility | pomp |
pomp and circumstance | panoply | pageantry | spectacle | ritziness | poshness |
splendiferousness
Opposite:
Ordinariness | modesty
184. Sagged off:
sag off
To absent oneself or leave early from school or work when one would normally be required to
be there; to play truant. Primarily heard in UK.
I was so restless and bored at work that I decided to just sag off after lunch without telling
anyone.
185. Speckled with:
Adjective: mark with a large number of small spots or patches of colour
Gulls whirled round the masts, speckling the docks with guano.
Synonyms:

Flecked | speckly | specked | freckled | freckly | spotted | spotty | dotted | stippled | sprinkled
| mottled | dappled | blotchy | brindled
Opposite:
Plain
186. Stable:
(i) Adjective: (of an object or structure) not likely to give way or overturn; firmly fixed
I prefer especially designed dinghies that are very stable.
Synonyms:
Firm | solid | steady | secure | fixed | strong | fast | stout | sturdy | safe | moored | anchored
| stuck down | immovable | well-built | well-constructed | substantial
Opposite:
Unstable | rickety
(ii) Adjective: (of a patient or their medical condition) not deteriorating in health after an
injury or operation
He is now in a stable condition in hospital.
(iii) Adjective: sane and sensible; not easily upset or disturbed
The officer concerned is mentally and emotionally stable.
Synonyms:
Well balanced | balanced | sound | mentally sound | of sound mind | sane | normal | right in
the head | able to think/reason clearly | lucid | clear-headed | rational | coherent | steady |
reasonable | sensible | sober | down-to-earth | matter-of-fact | compos mentis | all there
Opposite:
Unstable | unbalanced
(iv) Adjective: not likely to change or fail; firmly established
A stable relationship is always successful.
Synonyms:
Secure | solid | strong | steady | firm | sure | steadfast | level | unwavering | unvarying |
unfaltering | unfluctuating | unswerving | established | long-lasting | long-lived | deep-rooted |
well founded | well-grounded | abiding | durable | enduring | lasting | constant | permanent |
reliable | dependable | true
Opposite:
Unstable | rocky | changeable
187. Tentatively:
(i) Adverb: subject to further confirmation; not definitely
The project is tentatively scheduled for next year.
Synonyms:
Provisional | unconfirmed | unsettled | indefinite | pencilled in | preliminary | to be confirmed
| TBC | subject to confirmation | speculative | conjectural | untried | unproven |
unsubstantiated | exploratory | experimental | trial | test | pilot | provisory | provisionary
(ii) Adverb: in a way that lacks confidence; hesitantly
"Are you all right?" Claire asked tentatively.
Synonyms:
Hesitant | uncertain | cautious | unconfident | timid | hesitating | faltering | shaky | unsteady |
halting | wavering | unsure | doubtful | diffident | iffy
Opposite:
Confident
188. Tackle:
(i) Noun: the equipment required for a task or sport.

I bought a fishing tackle.
Synonyms:
Gear | equipment | apparatus | outfit | kit | rig | hardware | tools | implements | instruments
| accoutrements | paraphernalia | trappings | contrivances | appurtenances | utensils | things
| stuff | clobber | bits and pieces | equipage
(ii) Noun: a mechanism consisting of ropes, pulley blocks, hooks, or other things for lifting
heavy objects
Synonyms:
System of pulleys | hoisting gear | pulley | hoist | block and tackle | crane | winch | davit |
windlass | sheave
(iii) Verb: make determined efforts to deal with (a problem or difficult task)
Police have launched an initiative to tackle rising crime.
Synonyms:
Get to grips with | apply oneself to | address oneself to | address | set about | go about | get to
work at | take forward | busy oneself with | set one's hand to | grapple with | approach | take
on | attend to | see to | throw oneself into | try to solve | try to deal with | try to cope with |
try to sort out | deal with | take measures about | take care of | pursue | handle | manage |
start on | embark on | get stuck into | have a crack at | have a go at | have a shot at
(iv) Verb: initiate discussion with (someone) about a disputed or sensitive issue
A young man tackled him over why the council had spent money on a swimming pool.
Synonyms:
Confront | speak to | face (up to) | initiate a discussion with | discuss something with |
interview | question | cross-examine | accost | waylay | remonstrate with
(v) (SOCCER•HOCKEY) Verb: try to take the ball from (an opponent) by intercepting them
The first scoring chance came when Orrell tackled Webb.
Synonyms:
Intercept | rugby-tackle | challenge | block | stop | attack
189. Tumultuous:
(i) Adjective: making an uproar or loud, confused noise
I could not listen to him in the tumultuous applause.
Synonyms:
Loud | deafening | thunderous | thundering | ear-shattering | ear-splitting | ear-piercing |
uproarious | noisy | clamorous | vociferous
Opposite:
Soft
(ii) Adjective: excited, confused, or disorderly
The tumultuous crowd was uncontrollable.
Synonyms:
Tempestuous | stormy | turbulent | in turmoil | passionate | intense | explosive | violent |
volatile | full of upheavals | full of ups and downs | roller-coaster | exciting | hectic | chaotic |
confused | disorderly | unruly | rowdy | uncontrolled | out of control | unrestrained |
boisterous | excited | agitated | restless | wild | riotous | hysterical | frenzied | rumbustious
Opposite:
Peaceful | uneventful | orderly
190. Tomfoolery:
Noun: foolish or silly behaviour
The tomfoolery of the students at the time of examination is unbearable.
Synonyms:

Silliness | fooling | clowning | capering | capers | antics | pranks | tricks | buffoonery |
skylarking | nonsense | horseplay | mischief | foolishness | foolery | stupidity | messing
about/around | larking about/around | larks | shenanigans | monkey tricks | harlequinade
191. Tangle:
(i) Verb: twist together into a confused mass
The broom somehow got tangled up in my long skirt.
Synonyms:
Entangle | snarl | catch | entwine | intertwine | intertwist | twist | ravel | knot | enmesh | coil
| mat | jumble | muddle | raveled | entangled | snarled (up) | entwined | intertwisted |
twisted | knotted | knotty | enmeshed | coiled | matted | tangly | messy | muddled | tousled |
uncombed | unkempt | ratty | mussed up
Opposite:
Untangle | disentangle | unravel
(ii) Verb: make (something) complicated or confused
Some people are trained to tangle the matters even further.
Synonyms:
Confused | jumbled | mixed up | messy | chaotic | scrambled | complicated | involved |
convoluted | complex | intricate | knotty | tortuous | devious | maze-like | labyrinthine |
involute | involuted
Opposite:
Simple | straightforward
(iii) Verb: become involved in a conflict or fight with
They usually come a cropper when they tangle with the heavy mobs.
Synonyms:
Come into conflict | become involved | have a dispute | dispute | argue | quarrel | fight | row |
wrangle | squabble | contend | cross swords | lock horns
(iv) Noun: a confused mass of something twisted together
A tangle of golden hair was a matter of tension for her.
Synonyms:
Snarl | mass | mat | cluster | knot | mesh | disorder | thatch | web
(v) Noun: a confused or complicated state; a muddle
The home team's defence got into an awful tangle.
Synonyms:
Muddle | jumble | mix-up | confusion | entanglement | mishmash | shambles | scramble
192. Troughs:
(i) Noun: a long, narrow open container for animals to eat or drink out of
Animals of my dairy farm drink from water trough.
Synonyms:
Manger | feeding container | feed box | feeder | fodder rack | crib
(ii) Noun: a long, narrow open container used for a purpose such as growing plants
(ii) Noun: a channel used to convey a liquid
Synonyms:
Channel | conduit | trench | ditch | gully | drain | culvert | cut | flume | gutter | furrow |
groove | depression
193. Urge:
(i) Verb: try earnestly or persistently to persuade (someone) to do something
He urged her to come and stay with us.
(ii) Verb: recommend (something) strongly

I urge caution in interpreting these results.
Synonyms:
Advise | counsel | advocate | recommend | suggest | support | endorse | back | champion
(iii) Verb: encourage (a person or animal) to move more quickly or in a particular direction
Drawing up outside the house, he urged her inside.
Synonyms:
Encourage | try to persuade | enjoin | adjure | admonish | press | prompt | prod | goad | egg
on | spur | push | pressure | put pressure on | use pressure on | pressurize | lean on | dragoon
| constrain | entreat | exhort | implore | call on | appeal | beg | beseech | plead | nag | psych
up | put the heat on | put the screws on | twist someone's arm | railroad into | bulldoze into
Opposite:
Discourage
(iv) Verb: encourage someone to continue or succeed
He could hear her voice urging him on.
Synonyms:
Impel | spur (on) | force | drive | coerce | goad
(v) Noun: a strong desire or impulse
He felt the urge to giggle.
Synonyms:
Desire | wish | need | impulse | compulsion | longing | yearning | hankering | craving |
appetite | hunger | thirst | lust | fancy | yen | itch
194. Unburdened:
Adjective: not burdened or encumbered.
They are unburdened by expectations of success.
Unburden: verb: relieve (someone) of a burden
Synonyms:
Open one's heart | confess | tell all | tell one's all | unbosom oneself | confide in | come clean |
spill all
Opposite:
keep it all in | bottle it all up
195. Unprovoked:
Adjective: carried out, occurring, or acting without direct provocation
Don’t justify an unprovoked attack on an innocent man.
196. Ventured:
(i) Verb: undertake a risky or daring journey or course of action
She ventured out into the blizzard.
Synonyms:
Travel | journey | go | move | proceed | progress | set out | set forth | rove | wander | stray |
drift | migrate
(ii) Verb: dare to do or say something that may be considered audacious (often used as a
polite expression of hesitation or apology)
May I venture to add a few comments?
Synonyms:
Put forward | volunteer | advance | submit | proffer | offer | air | bring up | suggest |
propound | posit | propose | moot | ventilate | table | broach | lodge | introduce | put up |
present | conjecture | speculate | postulate | opine | essay | dare | make so bold as | be so
bold as | presume | have the temerity | have the effrontery | have the audacity | have the

nerve | be brave enough | have the courage | go so far as | take the liberty of | stick one's neck
out | go out on a limb | take a flyer
197. Vulnerable:
Adjective: exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or
emotionally
The caravan was in a vulnerable position while crossing the desert.
Synonyms:
In danger | in peril | in jeopardy | at risk | endangered | unsafe | unprotected | ill-protected |
unguarded | open to attack | attackable | assailable | exposed | wide open | undefended |
unshielded | unfortified | unarmed | without arms | without weapons | defenceless | easily
hurt/wounded/damaged | powerless | helpless | pregnable | impuissant | resistless | exposed
to | open to | wide open to | liable to | prone to | prey to | susceptible to | subject to | not
above | in danger of | at risk of | at the mercy of | an easy target for | easily affected by | in the
firing line | susceptive of
Opposite:
Well protected | invulnerable | resilient | immune to | above
198. Whipped:
(i) Adjective: having been flogged or beaten with a whip
I saw a whipped dog running away from a shop.
(ii) Adjective: worn out; exhausted
(ii) Whip: Verb: beat (a person or animal) with a whip or similar instrument, especially as a
punishment or to urge them on
Lewis whipped the boy twenty times.
Synonyms:
Flog | scourge | flagellate | lash | birch | switch | tan | strap | belt | cane | thrash | beat |
leather | tan/whip someone's hide | give someone a hiding
(iii) Verb: (of a flexible object or rain or wind) strike or beat violently
The wind whipped their faces.
(iv) Verb: (of a player or team) defeat (a person or team) heavily in a sporting contest
He whipped the Brazilian 6-1, 6-2, 6-3.
Synonyms:
Trounce | defeat utterly | beat hollow | win a resounding victory over | annihilate | drub | rout
| give someone a drubbing | crush | overwhelm | bring someone to their knees | hammer |
clobber | thrash | paste | give someone a pasting | pound | pulverize | massacre | crucify |
demolish | destroy | wipe the floor with | take to the cleaners | make mincemeat of | murder |
flatten | turn inside out | run rings around | stuff | marmalize | shellac | blow out | cream |
skunk | own
(v) Verb: move fast or suddenly in a specified direction
He whipped round to face them.
Synonyms:
Dash | rush | race | run | sprint | bolt | dart | gallop | career | charge | shoot | hurtle | hare |
bound | fly | speed | streak | zoom | plunge | dive | whisk | scurry | scuttle | scamper |
scramble | tear | belt | pelt | scoot | zap | zip | step on it | get a move on | hotfoot it | leg it |
go hell for leather | steam | put on some speed | go like a bat out of hell | burn rubber | bomb
| go like the clappers | bucket | put one's foot down | wheech | boogie | hightail it | clip |
barrel | get the lead out | cut along | fleet | post | hie | haste | vulgar slangdrag/tear/haul ass
Opposite:
Dawdle

(vi) Verb: take out or move (something) fast or suddenly
He whipped out his revolver and shot him.
Synonyms:
Pull | whisk | snatch | pluck | tug | jerk | remove | take | produce | yank
(vii) Verb: beat (cream, eggs, or other food) into a froth
Synonyms:
Whisk | beat | mix | stir
(viii) Verb: steal (something)
The escaper had whipped his overcoat.
Synonyms:
Steal | purloin | thieve | take | take for oneself | help oneself to | loot | pilfer | abscond with |
run off with | appropriate | abstract | carry off | shoplift | embezzle | misappropriate | walk
off/away with | run away/off with | rob | swipe | nab | rip off | lift | liberate | filch | snaffle |
snitch | souvenir | nick | pinch | half-inch | knock off | nobble | bone | scrump | blag | heist |
glom | snavel | clifty | tief | crib | hook | peculate | defalcate | walk | go walkies
199. Weighing up:
Verb: to look at and listen to (someone) in order to make a judgment about that person's
character, abilities, etc
She was watching him closely as he spoke, weighing him up.
200. Writhing:
(i) Adjective: making twisting, squirming movements or contortions of the body
A writhing heap of maggots was around.
Writhe:
(ii) Verb: make twisting, squirming movements or contortions of the body
He writhed in agony on the ground.
Synonyms:
Squirm | wriggle | thrash | flounder | flail | toss | toss and turn | twitch | twist | twist and turn
| roll | jiggle | wiggle | jerk | jolt
201. Waft:
Verb: (with reference to a scent, sound, etc.) pass or cause to pass gently through the air
The smell of stale fat wafted out from the café.
Synonyms:
Drift | float | glide | whirl | travel | be carried | be borne | be conveyed | be transported |
convey | transport | transmit | carry | bear | blow | puff
202. Yearning:
(i) Noun: a feeling of intense longing for something
He felt a yearning for the mountains.
Synonyms:
Longing | pining | craving | desire | want | wish | hankering | urge | need | hunger | hungering
| thirst | appetite | greed | lust | ache | burning | fancy | inclination | eagerness | fervor | yen
| itch | cacoethes
(ii) Adjective: involving or expressing yearning
A yearning hope is a blessing.
203. Yelp:
(i) Noun: a short, sharp cry, especially of pain or alarm
She uttered a yelp as she bumped into a table.
Synonyms:

Squeal | squawk | screech | shriek | scream | howl | yowl | wail | yell | cry | call | shout | bawl
| yawl | whoop | yap | bark | woof | bay | holler
(ii) Verb: utter a yelp
My dog was yelping as if hurt.
Synonyms:
Squeal | squawk | screech | shriek | scream | howl | yowl | wail | yell | cry out | call out |
shout | bawl | yawp | yap | bark | woof | bay | holler
204. Yield:
(i) Verb: produce or provide (a natural, agricultural, or industrial product)
The land yields grapes and tobacco.
(ii) Verb: produce or generate (a result, gain, or financial return)
This method yields the same results.
Synonyms:
Produce | bear | give | supply | provide | afford | return | bring in | pull in | haul in | gather in
| fetch | earn | net | realize | generate | furnish | bestow | pay out | contribute | rake in
(iii) Verb: give way to arguments, demands, or pressure
The Western powers now yielded when they should have resisted.
Synonyms:
Surrender | capitulate | submit | relent | admit defeat | accept defeat | concede defeat | back
down | climb down | quit | give in | give up the struggle | lay down one's arms | raise/show th
| white flag | knuckle under | be overcome | be overwhelmed | be conquered | be beaten | fall
victim | throw in the towel | throw in the sponge | cave in | accede to | submit to | bow down
to | defer to | comply with | conform to | agree to | consent to | go along with | be guided by |
heed | note | pay attention to | grant | permit | allow | sanction | warrant
Opposite:
Resist | defy
(iv) Verb: relinquish possession of
They might yield up their secrets.
Synonyms:
Relinquish | surrender | part with | deliver up | hand over | turn over | give over | make over |
bequeath | remit | cede | leave | sacrifice
Opposite:
Retain
(v) Verb: (of a mass or structure) give way under force or pressure
He reeled into the house as the door yielded.
Synonyms:
Bend | give | flex | be flexible | be pliant
(vi) Noun: an amount produced of an agricultural or industrial product
The milk yield was poor.
(vii) a financial return
An annual dividend yield of 20 per cent was a sign of progress.
Synonyms:
Profit | gain | return | reward | revenue | dividend | proceeds | receipts | earnings | takings |
product | production | produce | output | crop | harvest | take | pickings | bunce
205. Zealous:
Adjective: having or showing zeal
The council was extremely zealous in the application of the regulations.
Synonyms:

Fervent | ardent | fervid | fiery | passionate | impassioned | devout | devoted | committed |
dedicated | enthusiastic | eager | keen | avid | sincere | wholehearted | hearty | earnest |
vigorous | energetic | zestful | purposeful | forceful | intense | fierce | single-minded | go-
ahead | pushy | perfervid
Opposite:
Apathetic | indifferent
206. Zenith:
Noun: the time at which something is most powerful or successful
In 1977, punk was at its zenith.
Synonyms:
Highest point | high point | crowning point | height | top | acme | peak | pinnacle | apex |
apogee | vertex | tip | crown | crest | summit | climax | culmination | maximum | optimum |
prime | meridian | flower | high noon
Opposite:
Nadir | bottom
207. Zest:
(i) Noun: great enthusiasm and energy
They campaigned with zest and intelligence.
Synonyms:
Enthusiasm | gusto | relish | zestfulness | appetite | eagerness | keenness | avidity | zeal |
fervor | ardour | passion | love | enjoyment | joy | delight | excitement | verve | vigour |
liveliness | sparkle | fizz | effervescence | fire | animation | vitality | dynamism | energy |
buoyancy | brio | bounce | pep | spirit | spiritedness | exuberance | high spirits | high-
spiritedness | zing | zip | oomph | vim | pizzazz | get-up-and-go
Opposite:
Apathy | indifference | distaste
(ii) Noun: the outer coloured part of the peel of citrus fruit, used as flavouring
Kindly add 3 tablespoons of lemon zest.
Synonyms:
Rind | peel | skin | covering | outer layer | epicarp |

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Essential Word Power MDCAT Prof.

Adjective: causing shock or dismay

Adjective: shocked or greatly surprised

Adjective: connected to something; full of affection

Exclamation: used to express grief, pity or concern

Adjective: sudden and unexpected

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Noun: a thing that is helpful or beneficial

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29. Confine: (Gerund or Present Participle: Confining)

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Noun: a feeling of intense irritation or annoyance

(i) Adjective: covering a wide area in terms of space or scope; extensive

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Noun: the state or feeling of being jealous

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Adjective: (of food) tender, juicy, and tasty

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