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Cadet Novisteros DAN

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Emergence of secessionist groups in Mindanao and the ideologies which led to factions

The Moro National Liberation Front became the main secessionist group in the
1970s. The Bangsamoro Army, the MNLF's military wing, fought a fierce fight against
the government. The MNLF wants to create a distinct state made up of the islands of
Mindanao, Basilan, Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, and Palawan. Midway through the 1970s, when
the MNLF gained assistance from Libya and Sabah, violence peaked. To address the
Muslim issue, the Marcos administration combined military, economical development,
and diplomatic methods. The Tripoli Agreement was signed in 1976 as a result of peace
talks between the government and the MNLF that were facilitated by the Organization of
Islamic Conference. The negotiations broke down, and hostilities resumed as a result of
contrasting interpretations of the autonomy problem. Immediately following the uprising
in February 1986, Corazon Aquino became president. A ceasefire was reached as a
result of her meeting with Nur Misuari, the MNLF Chairman, in 1986. However, due to
firm positions taken by both sides over the autonomy issue, the peace efforts failed.
The Sulu archipelago and Palawan from the Philippines were two areas that had
supported the independence of Mindanao from the Philippines. These armed
organizations include the Abu Sayyaf, the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters, the
Moro National Liberation Front, and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front.
The Kamlon Uprising
Alongside Hadji Kamlon is President Ramon Magsaysay.
Hadji Kamlon started a rebellion after the United States granted the Philippines full
independence on July 4, 1946. In response, Ombra Amilbangsa, a representative for
the Sulu islands, filed House Bill No. 5682 in the House of Representatives during the
4th Congress, proposing granting independence for the Sulu islands .
The MIM and BMLO
Following the Jabidah massacre in 1968, the Muslim Independence Movement was
formed, advocating the secession of the regions of Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan. The
organization was later renamed the Mindanao Independence Movement to include non-
Muslims. The Blackshirts were thought to be the MIM's armed wing. The organization
had financial backing from Malaysia by 1969, but it was unable to secure more
widespread support. Those Moros .
Following a meeting with then-President Ferdinand Marcos, the MIM will be dissolved.
The Bangsamoro Liberation Organization (BMLO), which was founded by leaders from
the defunct MIM, including both younger and more experienced leaders, would later
collapse due to internal strife.
National Liberation Front for the Moro
As a result of the Jabidah massacre, the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) was
founded. The MNLF identifies March 18, 1968, the day of the occurrence, as the date
on which it was founded, however this is debatable. Nur Misuari served as the
organization's first chairman, and one of its earliest meetings took place on Malaysia's
Pangkor Island in October 1972.
Islamic Liberation Front of the Moro
Hashim Salamat is the leader of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). split out from
the MNLF in 1978 when it gave up on its quest for independence. The MILF legally
gave up its quest for independence in 2012 when it signed the Framework Agreement
on the Bangsamoro with the Philippine national government.
Federal Republic of Mindanao
Federal Republic of Mindanao proposed flags: left (1986), middle (1990), right left
(1986)
Four years later, the Mindanao crisis arose when Col. Alexander Noble led a mutiny and
declared an independent Federal Republic of Mindanao. Noble, along with Canoy, who
is also involved as a civilian supporter, was arrested by government authorities but
claimed that he had not been involved in the declaration of the Federal Republic of
Mindanao.
His campaign was successful because it raised awareness of issues facing Mindanao.
Abd al-Sayyaf
Abdurajak Abubakar Janjalani founded the Abu Sayyaf, which split off from the Moro
National Liberation Front in 1991. Its stated objective is to create an Islamic state
encompassing Borneo and southern Thailand, as well as Mindanao, the Sulu
archipelago, and Palawan. After Janjalani's death, the group split into two main factions,
whose leaders were killed in 2006 and 2007, which caused Abu Sayyaf to split into a
number of additional factions. In 2014, a number of Abu Sayyaf factions professed
allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), which seeks to create a
separate, larger Islamic state.