Intro:-

Plastics are organic compounds having long chained hydrocarbon synthesized

from petroleum products. Because of its own special features plastic had
acquired wide popularity in short time. Plastic production and consumption rate
increased exponentially due to its low cost, non-degradable nature, easy
availability and management, wide range of usage and application.
Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is a common technique used to convert plastic waste into energy, in the
form of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels.
Pyrolysis

Pyrolysis Process
The pyrolysis process is the process of decomposition of various compounds or
materials with thermal decomposition at temperatures around 400–800°C in an
oxygen-free atmosphere or contain very small amount of oxygen.

In general, the products obtained from the pyrolysis process can be divided into three
types according to the condition. The primary product can be gas, liquid (which has oil-
like properties) and char. The ratio of obtained products depends on the processing
conditions, such as temperature, heat rate, etc. The most preferred product is liquid or
oil.

Pyrolysis of plastic:
1. Pyrolysis of poly-(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was performed in a conical
spouted-bed reactor. This reactor is especially suitable for this process,
because of its excellent hydrodynamic behavior and its versatility. An
optimization of the operating conditions has been performed to avoid
particle agglomeration and defluidization, given that these are serious
problems that hinder plastic waste pyrolysis. Moreover, the influence of
temperature in the pyrolysis product distribution was studied in the range
of 500−600 °C. PET pyrolysis led to a high yield of gas fraction, a low
amount of liquids, a significant yield of solid fraction, and a solid residue
that remained in the reactor coating sand particles. The main products
obtained are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, benzoic acid, and
acetaldehyde.
Uses:-
Carbon monoxide -
 Carbon dioxide -
Benzoic acid - In industrial environments, benzoic acid is most widely used
to produce a wide range of products such as perfumes, dyes, topical drugs
and insect repellents. The salt of benzoic acid (sodium benzoate) is widely
used as a food pH adjuster and preservative, stopping microbes from
developing to keep food healthy.
Acetaldehyde - It is used in tanning, preserving, and embalming and as a
germicide, fungicide, and insecticide for plants and vegetables, but its
largest application is in the production of certain polymeric materials.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cM0Hs4aDEu0&ab_channel=WasifFazili
2. The pyrolysis of HDPE has been conducted between 500 to 800 °C in
the presence of nitrogen as an inert carrier gas media to produce liquid
fuel oil, gaseous products and solid char. The optimum temperature of
obtaining maximum oil product yield (70%) was 550° C.