Examen Final de Idioma II (Inglés)

Name: ____________________________________ Matric. Nº____________

ESP instructor: Julian Armoa Total Points: 40 points Date: December 9th, 2022 MORNING

SECTION A.
Read the following paragraphs about “The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” (DSM) Then, complete
the following given tasks below accordingly.  
The DSM is a manual that defines and classifies mental disorders. It provides researchers, clinicians, and many others
with standardized criteria of these disorders. This lets clinicians diagnose patients consistently and accurately. It also allows
people to learn more about abnormal psychology

The APA (American Psychiatric Association) published the first edition of the DSM in 1952. And the manual is still subject
to occasional revisions. For rnany years, the DSM used a multi-axial system of diagnosis. In this system, clinicians
separated patients' symptoms into several categories, or axes. A diagnosis under the fourth edition of this manual had five
parts, called Axes. Each Axis of this multi-axial system provided a different type of information about a diagnosis. The Five
(5) Axes of the Multi-Axial System were categorized as such: Axis 1: Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders; Axis II:
Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation (now Intellectual Development Disorder); Axis III: General Medical
Conditions; Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems and Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF).
Although the multi-axial system is no longer used, some of its principles still apply. For example, on one axis, clinicians
noted symptoms related to a person's mental state. On another, they identified a patient's overall level of functioning.
Clinicians still assess these factors, but they do so in a more holistic manner.

There are some critics of the DSM. They say that it labels conditions that are not really mental health disorders. Others
argue that it is unreliable and often inaccurate. However, the DSM still has widespread support. Supporters point to the
DSM's consistency with international standards. Its diagnoses correspond well with the “The International
Classification of Diseases” (ICD) published by the “World Health Organization” (WHO). The DSM continues to be a
primary resource for clinicians, researchers, insurance companies, and drug manufacturers. It is important to
understand that with the advent of the DSM-5 in 2013, the “American Psychiatric Association” eliminated the longstanding
multiaxial system for mental disorders.

Activity 1. Answer TRUE (T), FALSE (F) accordingly. Remember to justify the false sentences by correcting them with
the appropriate fact. (5pts)
True False
1. The 5th axis of the DSM-4 focuses on personality disorders and intellectual development disorder
2. For some critics, the DSM labels conditions that are not really mental health disorders.
3. The DSM-5 used a multi-axial system of diagnosis providing a unique and universal type of
information about a diagnosis.
4. One of the key changes from DSM-IV to DSM-V is the elimination of the multi-axial system.
5. The DSM allows people to learn more about dark psychology.
Activity 2. Read the following sentences carefully. Then, select A, B, C or D accordingly. (5pts)

1. As noted in this text, the acronym “A.P.A” stands c. Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders;
for: d. Personality Disorders and Intellectual Development
a. American Philosophical Association Disorder);
b. American Psychological Association e. General Medical Conditions
c. American Psychiatric Association 4. The 1st edition of the DSM was published, _____
d. American Pharmaceutical Association. a. 75 years ago.
e. none of the above. b. 65 years ago.
2. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is c. 70 years ago
published by the: d. 60 years ago.
a. World Health Committee e. 55 years ago.
b. World Health Organization 5. Clinicians assess patients in a more “holistic”
c. World Health Association manner. A synonym for “holistic” is:
d. World Health Society a. dissociated
e. none of the above b. divided
3. The 3rd axis of the multi-axis system (DSM-IV) c. disconnected
focuses on d. integrated
a. Psychosocial and Environmental Problems e. isolated
b. Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)

Activity 3. Read the following excerpt. Then, fill in the blanks with the corresponding appropriate words.

The five (5) Axes of the Multi-Axial System were categorized as such: Axis 1: Mental Health and Substance Use
Disorders; Axis II: Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation (or (1) _________________________); Axis III:
General Medical Conditions; Axis IV: Psychosocial and (2) _______________ and Axis V: Global Assessment of
Functioning (GAF). Although the (3)____________________ is no longer used, some of its principles still apply. For
example, on one axis, clinicians noted symptoms related to a (4) _________________________. On another, they identified
a patient's overall level of functioning. Clinicians still assess these factors, but they do so in a more (5) _____________

multi-axial system Unbelievable manner Developmental Environmental holistic manner.

Hearing Loss. Problems
patient's overall level person's mental state Intellectual Environmental issues Planar biaxal System
of functioning Development and deforestation
Disorder
SECTION B.
Read the following paragraphs about “Symptom Chart for Personality Disorders”. Then, complete the following given
tasks below as appropriate.  
For Reference ONLY – not intended for USE as a DIAGNOSTIC TOOL.
DISORDER SYMPTOMS
Paranoid The main characteristic of this disorder is a person’s general distrust for others. A paranoid person
personality believes that other people intend to harm him or her. In other words, is a mental health condition marked
disorder by a pattern of distrust and suspicion of others without adequate reason to be suspicious. People with PPD
(PPD) are always on guard, believing that others are constantly trying to demean, harm or threaten them
Schizoid The central features of this disorder are dysfunctional relationships and isolation. The schizoid person
personality does not desired social interaction. In other words, people avoid social activities and consistently shy
disorder away from interaction with others. They also have a limited range of emotional expression.
Schizotypal This disorder is characterized by disturbances in thinking and perception. In other words, Schizotypal
personality personality disorder are often described as odd or eccentric and usually have few, if any, close
disorder relationships. They generally don't understand how relationships form or the impact of their behaviour on
others
Antisocial A major feature of this disorder is deceptive, manipulative behaviour. Other symptoms are trouble with
personality relationships and hostility. In other words, antisocial personality disorder, sometimes called sociopathy,
disorder is a mental disorder in which a person consistently shows no regard for right and wrong and ignores the
(APD)
rights and feelings of others. People with antisocial personality disorder tend to antagonize, manipulate or
treat others harshly or with callous indifference. They show no guilt or remorse for their behaviour
Borderline Emotional instability, low self-esteem, and trouble with relationships are typical symptoms of borderline
personality cases. In other words, BPD is a condition characterized by difficulties regulating emotion. This means
disorder that people who experience BPD feel emotions intensely and for extended periods of time, and it is harder
(BPD) for them to return to a stable baseline after an emotionally triggering event. This difficulty can lead to
impulsivity, poor self-image, stormy relationships and intense emotional responses to stressors
Histrionic People with this disorder are often deceitful, controlling and jealous. They place exaggerated importance
personality on themselves and their emotions. In other words, “Histrionic personality disorder” (HPD) is a type of
disorder psychiatric disorder that features attention-seeking behaviours, seductive behaviour and emotional over-
(HPD)
reaction.
Narcissistic This disorder is indicated by extreme notions of self-importance. Other symptoms include hostility,
personality depression, and unfairly blaming others. In other words, narcissistic personality disorder is a mental health
disorder condition in which people have an unreasonably high sense of their own importance. They need and seek
too much attention and want people to admire them. People with this disorder may lack the ability to
understand or care about the feelings of others
Dependent The main symptoms of this disorder are relationship problems, poor self-image and anxiety. Dependent
personality people constantly need others for validation, support and direction. In other words, dependent personality
disorder disorder (DPD) is an anxious personality disorder characterized by an inability to be alone. People with
(DPD) DPD develop symptoms of anxiety when they’re not around others. They rely on other people for
comfort, reassurance, advice, and support.
Avoidant An avoidant person is generally afraid of how others regard him or her. Consequently, this disorder involves
personality avoidance of personal relationship and interactions. In other words, avoidant personality disorder is
disorder characterized by feelings of extreme social inhibition, inadequacy, and sensitivity to negative criticism

Activity 1. Read the following excerpt about antisocial personality disorder. Then, fill in the blank as appropriate.
(5pts)
A major feature of this disorder is deceptive, (1) _________________________. Other symptoms are trouble with
relationships and hostility. APD, sometimes called (2) _______________, is a (3) ___________________ in which a person
consistently shows no regard for right and wrong and ignores the rights and feelings of others. People with (4)
________________________ tend to antagonize, manipulate or treat others harshly or with callous indifference. They
show no guilt or remorse for their (5) ______________
Misbehaviour Eating disorder Sociopathy telepathy
 mental disorder Behaviour manipulative behaviour antisocial personality disorder

Activity 2. Answer TRUE (T), FALSE (F) accordingly. Remember to justify the false sentences by correcting them
with the appropriate fact. (5pts)
1. A person with an antisocial personality disorder consistently shows no regard for right and wrong TRUE FALSE
and ignores the rights and feelings of others.
2. PPD is a condition characterized by difficulties regulating emotion making it harder to return to a
stable baseline after an emotionally triggering event.
3. Schizoid personality disorder is a condition featuring attention-seeking behaviours, seductive
behaviour and emotional over-reaction.
4. A dependant avoidant personality disorder is characterized by feelings of extreme social
inhibition, inadequacy, and sensitivity to negative criticism
5. Narcissistic personality disorder is a mental health condition in which people have an
unreasonably high sense of their own importance.

Activity 3. Read the following sentences carefully. Then, select A, B, C, D or E D accordingly. (5pts)
1. People with this disorder constantly need others for
validation, support and direction.
a. Avoidant personality disorder
b. borderline personality disorder
c. narcissistic personality disorder
d. Schizotypal personality disorder
e. dependant personality disorder.
2. Which of the following is NOT a feature of avoidant
personality disorder?
a. social inhibition
b. inadequacy
c. attention-seeking behaviour
d. sensitivity to negative criticism
3. Which condition involves being always “on guard”
believing that others are constantly trying to demean,
harm or threaten them?
a. Borderline personality disorder
b. Schizoid personality disorder
c. Antisocial personality disorder
d. Paranoid personality disorder
e. Histrionic personality disorder
4. This particular disorder makes someone want to say
at home and never interact with others.
a. borderline personality disorder
b. Schizotypal personality disorder
c. dependant personality disorder
d. avoidant personality disorder.
e. none of the above
5.This particular disorder cause patients to perceive
reality differently than other people do.
a. schizotypal personality disorder
b. Schizoid personality disorder
c. borderline personality disorder
d. avoidant personality disorder.
e. dependant personality disorder

SECTION C.
Read the following paragraphs about “Treatments in Psychology”.. Then, complete the following given tasks below as
appropriate. accordingly.  
Westview Treatment Centre is a full-service provider of medical and therapeutic treatments. We practice free association
or psychodynamic therapy in most sessions.

WHAT WE DO.
All of our psychoanalysts possess MDs. That means they can prescribe antipsychotics, antidepressants, and tranquilizers.
We do not, however, perform invasive medical procedures on site. Patients requiring psychosurgery or electroconvulsive
therapy (EDT) are referred to a specialist facility. We recognize that each patient is different. We supplement each course of
psychoanalysis with additional, appropriate therapies.
TREATMENT AND PROGRAMMES
Behaviours and Depression: We have excellent specialists in behavioural therapy.. This focuses on the thoughts and
feelings that cause certain behaviours. For a more in-depth focus, we offer cognitive therapy. In that program, we work to
resolve negative thinking and self-esteem issues.
Personal Growth: Humanistic therapy and existential therapy focus on personal anxieties. We work on confronting
issues such as ambition, responsibility, and isolation.
Group Sessions: Some patients benefit from interactive therapies. That's why we offer group therapy. Some patients find
comfort simply in knowing they are not alone. And they can learn from each other's experiences. Family therapy is also
available to help families resolve conflicts and support each other.

Activity 1. Read the following sentences carefully. Then, select A, B, C or D accordingly.

1. They focus on personal growth and anxieties.

a. humanistic and interactive therapies 4. A treatment used to resolve conflicts between family
b. behavioural and cognitive therapies members.
c. humanistic and existential therapies a. interactive therapy
d. none of the above. b. behavioural therapy
2. Cognitive therapy works to resolve c. group therapy
a. family problems and support d. family therapy
b. though, feelings and behaviours
c. negative thinking and self-esteem issues.
d. none of the above. 5 ECT stands for________________
3. Psychoanalysts at Westview Treatment Centre who a. electrical composed therapy
possess a MD can prescribe b. Electroconvulsive therapy
a. tranquilizers c. electrocardiogram therapy
b. antidepressants d. none of the above.
c. antipsychotics
d. all of the above

Activity 2
Answer TRUE (T), FALSE (F) accordingly. Remember to justify the false sentences by correcting them with the
appropriate fact. (10pts)
True False
1. Cognitive therapy focuses on the thoughts and feelings that cause certain behaviours.
2. Health Professionals at Westview Treatment Centre perform invasive medical procedures on site
3. Westview Treatment Centre is a full-service provider of medical and therapeutic treatments.
4. Issues such as ambition, responsibility, and isolation are confronted with humanistic/existential
therapies/approaches.
5. Psychodynamic therapy and free association are perfect examples of medical procedures.