Reflection Paper 3

Statistics and Probability

Chapter 3

Unay, Jan D. Grade 11-STEM A

214159 Date: 14/04/2022

To be honest, when starting this chapter, I wasn't quite sure what is the concept
of sampling and sampling distribution. The various activities or practice exercises we
performed helped me to have a thorough knowledge and understanding of these
concepts. In this chapter, it covers the concept of sampling, sampling techniques,
sampling distribution and central limit theorem and their applications.

I’ll start with our first section of this chapter which is the “BASIC CONCEPTS”.
In this section, I was briefly introduced about the definition and concept of population
and sample. I was also able to differentiate parameter from statistic after reading and
comprehending this topic. As far as I remember, a POPULATION consists of all of
the members of the group about which you want to draw a conclusion. On the other
hand, a SAMPLE, if I’m not mistaken is just a PORTION or PART of a population.

Moving on to the next section “SAMPLING TECHNIQUES”. In this section, I

was able to learn the different sampling techniques. There are two concepts that I
found interesting in this section and this past week: the two kinds of sampling methods
and their subtypes, and correlational research design method. The first type of
sampling method is random sampling. This sampling method is used when a
researcher wants his/her sample to be as random as possible in order to represent
his/her target population and to draw an accurate conclusion on his/her findings.

As far as I remember, there are three subtypes of the random sampling method:
simple, stratified, and cluster random sampling. The simple random sampling method
is when everyone has an equal chance to be selected for a certain experiment; this
type is the least bias and gives the most accurate conclusions. The second type is
stratified random sampling, which is when the experimenter puts people in certain
groups and then selects random people from each group; this is also where the
researcher wants to mimic the actual percentages of his/her predetermined strategy.

Next one is the “SAMPLING DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE MEAN”. In this

section, I got briefly introduced of population distribution and sampling distribution. I
was also able to learn about the steps in constructing a sampling distribution.

Based on what I’ve learned from this section, to create a sampling distribution,
a research must (1) select a random sample of a specific size (N) from a population,
(2) calculate the chosen statistic for this sample (e.g. mean), (3) plot this statistic on
a frequency distribution, and (4) repeat these steps an infinite number of times.

The last section that this chapter covered, is the “CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM”.
Based on what I’ve grasped from this section, the central limit theorem tells us that
if we have a large number of independent, identically distributed variables, the
distribution will approximately follow a normal distribution.

If I’m not mistaken, the central limit theorem is a result from probability theory.
This theorem shows up in a number of places in the field of statistics. Although the
central limit theorem can seem abstract and devoid of any application, this theorem
is actually quite important to the practice of statistics.

I learned a lot in this chapter. Of course, there will always be hardships but one
thing is for sure, success is sweeter than anything else. Yes, Statistics and
Probability is damn hard but still the learnings stayed in mind and being kept by the
students like me.

I’m not going to deny that I can’t easily comprehend the lesson but me as a
student, I’m doing my part since my teachers also did enough for us (students). I
must say that I did have a hard time adjusting from the ambiance to the subjects and
teachings but I did my best to catch up. Learnings don’t come easily. It is a buy
product. A process of hardship and understanding and choosing to learn in every
manner and every way.

It also has come to my mind that learning process is more important than the
results we get from it. Hence, I have realized that the lessons I have learned from
the past have taught me how to learn new things in the future as well as sampling
and sampling distributions. From the methods of self-learning I have applied, I will
also supply or improve in the future lessons. We learn new things daily. With this
chapter, I have already learned plenty of things. Undoubtedly, I would encounter
problems regarding sampling distributions in the future. With the knowledge I have
gained on these lessons, I can answer much complex or difficult problems about this
lesson in the future.