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Specification For Vertical In-Line Centrifugal Pumps For Chemical Process
Specification For Vertical In-Line Centrifugal Pumps For Chemical Process
PIP RESP73V-97
Application of ASME B73.2M - 1991
Specification for Vertical In-Line Centrifugal
Pumps for Chemical Process
PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES
In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has
been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major
industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these technical
requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and engineering
costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While this Practice
is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users, individual
applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence over
this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters or
application of the Practice to particular project or engineering situations should not be
made solely on information contained in these materials. The use of trade names from
time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather recognized as
normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the same specifications are equally
correct and may be substituted for those named. All practices or guidelines are intended
to be consistent with applicable laws and regulations including OSHA requirements. To
the extent these practices or guidelines should conflict with OSHA or other applicable
laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate
professional before applying or acting on any material contained in or suggested by the
Practice.
PIP RESP73V-97
Application of ASME B73.2M - 1991
Specification for Vertical In-Line Centrifugal
Pumps for Chemical Process
Table of Contents
Introduction
Purpose
The purpose of this Practice is to specify the requirements for design and manufacture of
vertical in-line centrifugal pumps for use in chemical plants and refineries.
Scope
The requirements in this Practice are modifications, additions, and/or deletions (exceptions) to
the requirements in ASME B73.2M - 1991. The section/paragraph numbers and the associated
headings used in this Practice correspond to the ones used in ASME B73.2M. Since this
Practice does not take exception to all the requirements in ASME B73.2M, the
section/paragraph numbers in this Practice may not be sequential.
References
Applicable requirements in the latest edition (or the edition indicated) of the following industry
standards shall be considered an integral part of this Practice:
Industry Codes and Standards
• U. S. Department of Labor
– 29 CFR 1910 - Occupational Safety and Health Standards
Definitions
Terms used in this Practice to introduce the exceptions to the requirements in ASME B73.2M are
defined as follows:
Modify to Read: This term is used to introduce a requirement that modifies a requirement in ASME
B73.2M.
Add: This term is used to introduce requirement(s) that is/are additional to the requirements in ASME
B73.2M.
2. Alternative Design
Modify to Read:
2.1 Vendor's quotation shall conform to this Practice and purchaser's addenda. At the
vendor's option, an alternate quotation may be offered if the following two conditions are met:
2.1.1 If there is a significant process or delivery advantage, a superior, more reliable
pump design may be offered. The vendor shall provide the technical justification.
2.1.2 Alternate quotation shall indicate deviations from the requirements in this
Practice. Complete details of deviations shall be submitted to purchaser for review.
2.2 If vendor’s quotation indicates no deviations from the requirements in this Practice, it
shall be assumed by the purchaser that the pump quoted complies fully with this Practice.
Deviation to the dimensional standards shall be noted in the vendor’s proposal and must be
noted on supporting dimension drawings.
Modify to Read:
3.1 Technical terms used in this Practice are defined below:
3.1.1 Auxiliary Process Fluid Piping is piping or tubing that includes drain lines,
product flushing lines, and lines for injection of external fluid.
3.1.2 Auxiliary Cooling (Heating) Fluid Piping is piping or tubing connected to the
bearing frame, jackets, or pump supports of mechanical seal glands for the purpose of
removing (adding) heat from (to) the system.
3.1.17 Pure Mist Lubrication (dry sump) is a type of oil mist lubrication in which the
mist both lubricates the bearing and purges the housing.
3.1.18 Purge Mist Lubrication (wet sump) is a type of oil mist lubrication in which
the mist provides a positive pressure in the bearing housing.
3.1.19 Rated Discharge Pressure is the discharge pressure of the pump at the Rated
Operating Point with rated capacity, speed, suction pressure, and specific gravity.
3.1.20 Rated Operating Point is the point at which the vendor certifies the pump
performance to be within the tolerances specified in this Practice. Performance
includes the following factors: capacity, total head, power, efficiency, net positive
suction head required, rotational speed, and rated suction pressure at the specific
gravity and viscosity of the pumped liquid.
3.1.21 Rated Shaft Power is the power required by the pump shaft at specified rated
operating conditions, including capacity, suction and discharge pressures, specific
gravity, viscosity and all mechanical losses (seals, gears, couplings, etc.).
3.1.22 Rated Suction Pressure is the suction pressure of the operating conditions at
the Rated Operating Point.
3.1.23 Shaft Stiffness Ratio is a measure of the stiffness of the pump shaft
determined from the following formula:
L3 / D4 ( 1/mm )
where:
L = length of shaft from center of impeller to nearest bearing (mm)
D = diameter of the shaft in the seal chamber (mm)
3.1.24 Solid Shaft Design is a pump shaft design in which the shaft has standard
dimensions without using a sleeve.
3.1.25 Throat Bushing is a device that forms a restrictive close clearance around the
sleeve (or shaft) between the seal (or packing) and the impeller.
3.1.26 Throttle Bushing is a device that forms a restrictive close clearance around the
sleeve or shaft between a seal and the atmosphere.
Add:
Maximum discharge pressure shall be limited to 19 barg (275 psig) or the
manufacturer’s pressure and temperature design limits of the specified
material, whichever is lower.
Comment: The flange rating for some material will limit the pressure
below 19 barg (275 psig) at temperatures above ambient.
Add:
Maximum suction pressure shall be limited to 5 barg (75 psig).
Comment: For high specific gravity fluids, maximum suction pressure
may be limited to less than of 5 barg (75 psig).
4.1.2 Temperature Limits
4.1.2.1 Modify First Sentence to Read: Maximum Allowable
Temperature shall be limited to 149° C (300° F).
Add:
4.1.4 Hydraulic Selection Criteria
4.1.4.1 Head-capacity curves that rise continuously to shutoff are preferred
for all applications. If parallel operation is specified, the head rise to shut-off
shall be at least 10% of the head at rated capacity. The installation of an
orifice plate on the pump discharge is acceptable to obtain the 10% head rise
provided that it is stated in the proposal. If this option is selected, the orifice
shall be supplied by the pump vendor. When an orifice is quoted, the proposal
shall include the impact on the standard curves including flow, head, HP,
NPSHR, and efficiency.
4.1.4.2 The normal operating point flow rate shall be greater than the
minimum continuous flow rate specified by the vendor and less than the flow
rate at the BEP for the impeller diameter selected.
Comment: The Best Efficiency Point (BEP) for the furnished impeller
should be between the normal and rated operating points.
4.1.4.3 Pumps with constant speed drivers shall be capable of a future head
increase of at least 5% at rated flow rate by installing a new impeller.
4.1.4.4 The minimum diameter impeller supplied shall be 105% of the
minimum diameter impeller indicated on the generic pump curve for the
specific pump.
4.1.4.5 The rated pump differential head required shall be based upon the
rated differential pressure and the lowest specific gravity (SG) fluid.
4.1.4.6 If viscosity corrections are required, head, capacity, and efficiency
corrections shall be the responsibility of the pump vendor. These corrections
shall be calculated in accordance with Hydraulic Institute Standard. Alternate
correction factors may be used with customer approval.
4.1.4.7 Pumps with suction specific speeds nqs greater than 215 (Nss greater
than 11,000) require specific purchaser approval. If such pumps are quoted,
vendor shall include in the quotation minimum continuous flow rate,
maximum operating flow rate, and a users list that demonstrates experience.
4.1.4.8 The vendor shall state the minimum continuous flow rate for the
pump and whether the minimum continuous flow rate is based on hydraulic
stability or thermal limitations. The larger of the two values shall be used in
establishing the pump’s minimum flow.
4.1.4.9 Hydrocarbon correction factors shall not be used to calculate NPSH.
4.1.4.10 The following limitations are not to be exceeded in the application of
ASME B73.2 pumps to this specification without Purchaser’s approval:
4.2 Flanges
Add:
4.2.1 Flanges shall be designed for through bolting if possible. If alternative
methods of flange connection are required, the vendor shall supply flange details in the
proposal.
4.2.2 Suction and discharge flanges shall meet the requirements of ASME/ANSI
B16.1 and B16.5 for parallelism of the sealing face and the backside of the flanges.
4.2.3 Flanges shall have machined faces with a 125-250 microinch (3.2-6.3 µm) Ra
finish. Finish shall be serrated-concentric or serrated-spiral.
4.3 Casing
4.3.1 Drain Connection Boss(es) Modify to Read: Pumps shall be provided
with a boss on the lowest part of the casing capable of accommodating a case drain
which shall not be drilled and tapped unless a drain is specified. When a casing drain
is specified:
• The connection shall be largest possible for that casing up to a maximum of
3/4 NPS.
• Ductile iron or cast iron pump case drains shall be drilled, tapped and plugged
with carbon steel plugs.
• Alloy pumps shall be provided with either a drilled and tapped drain with plug
of the same metallurgy as the casing or a short schedule 160 nipple socket
welded drain connection that terminates at the edge and within the confines of
the baseplate, in a flange connection. The piping and flange shall be of similar
metallurgy as the pump casing. When socketwelded is specified, all piping
connections shall be welded.
Comment: Socketwelded and threaded case drains may not be acceptable for
process fluids that cause crevice corrosion or polymerization, etc. The Purchaser
shall define those applications and the type of drain connections.
4.3.2 Guage Connection Boss(es) Modify Last Sentence to Read: Unless
otherwise specified, the boss(es) shall not be drilled.
Comment: Vent and gauge connections are normally supplied in the piping systems
and not on the pump casing.
4.3.5 Jackets
Add:
4.3.5.1 There are several available methods of cooling or heating specific
areas of most ASME pumps. The following are examples of acceptable
methods and should be available as optional features:
– Stuffing Box Jacket
– Seal Chamber Jacket
– Pump Casing Jacket
– Bolt On External Steam Jacket
– Bearing Housing Cooling
The pump vendor shall recommend when these options shall be applied.
Jackets for cooling or heating shall be designed so as to facilitate complete
drainage for freeze protection.
Add:
4.3.7 Casing Bolting Unless otherwise specified, casing bolting for
ductile iron and carbon steel pumps shall conform to ASTM A193, Grade B7
and, for alloy pumps, bolting shall conform to ASTM A193, Grade 8 Class 2
or ASTM A193, Grade B7 with PTFE coating. The coating must conform to
DIN 50018 atmospheric corrosion test.
Add:
4.3.8 Backplates Backplates shall be completely self-draining.
4.4 Impeller
4.4.2 Adjustment Modify to Read: Impeller axial clearance shall be adjustable
without disassembly of the pump.
4.4.3 Balance Modify to Read: Impellers shall be dynamically balanced in
accordance with ISO 1940, quality grade G6.3 after trimming to the required diameter.
If the ratio of maximum outside diameter divided by the width at the periphery
including the shroud(s) is less than six, a two-plane spin balance shall be performed.
4.5 Shaft
4.5.4 Deflection
Add:
4.5.4.1 Pumps supplied without shaft sleeves shall have a stiffness ratio
(L3/D4) of less than 2.56 mm -1 (65 in-1). Pumps supplied with shaft sleeves
shall have a shaft stiffness such that the deflection at the impeller centerline is
less than 0.13 mm (.005 in) from minimum flow to end of curve.
Add:
4.5.8 Integral Shaft
Pump shaft shall not be integral with motor shaft. ASME Type “VM” pumps
are unacceptable unless specifically required by the purchaser.
Add:
4.5.9 Solid Shaft
Pumps shall have solid shafts (no hook sleeves) when fabricated from carbon
steel, 316 stainless steel, Alloy 20, or Hastelloy C-276 materials. Unless
otherwise specified, alloy pumps more noble may have hook shaft sleeves
provided shaft stiffness limits in paragraph 4.5.4.1 are not exceeded.
A276 Type 316 stainless steel as a minimum. Set screws, drive pins, springs,
and bellows shall be Hastelloy C-276.
4.6.1.6 Unless otherwise specified, pumps with single seals in hydrocarbon or
hazardous material services shall be fitted with a non-sparking throttle
bushing pressed into the seal gland and shouldered on the inside to minimize
leakage in case of complete failure of the seal.
4.6.1.7 Unless otherwise specified, all O-rings in contact with the process
fluid shall be made of the same material.
4.6.1.8 Mechanical seal materials and construction features shall comply with
Appendix B including the 5-character classification system.
4.6.2 Seal Chamber
Add:
4.6.2.1 If self-venting tapered seal chambers as shown in Figure 2 are
furnished, they shall be provided with suitable features (integral with the
chamber) to eliminate high circular velocities in the chamber bore. The
optimum selection of the seal chamber shall be the joint responsibility of the
pump vendor, seal vendor, and purchaser. The following shall be considered
when selecting the seal chamber for a specific application:
• Fluids with entrained gases
• Slurries and other fluids with suspended solids
• Applications requiring maximum heat transfer between the seal
chamber and the pumped fluid
• Seal chamber erosion
• Expected pump operating range relative to the best efficiency point
• Pump impeller configuration, i.e. balance holes and/or pumpout vanes
• High melting point fluids
For fluids where the seal chamber pressure is within 1.7 Bar (25 psi) of the
fluid atmospheric boiling point, a cylindrical bore chamber with a throat
restriction and external flush arrangement shall be provided.
4.6.2.2 Large bore seal chambers shall have large diameter gland mounting
surfaces and bolt circle.
4.6.2.3 Seal chambers shall be arranged to maintain a positive pressure under
all specified operating conditions including pumps in vacuum service.
4.6.2.4 Piping connections to the process side of the seal chamber shall be at
least 1/2 NPT. For seal chamber connections that cannot be 1/2 NPT due to
geometry limitations, the vendor shall state in the proposal what connection
size will be supplied. Piping connections to the atmospheric side of the seal
shall be 3/8 NPT.
4.6.6 Gland
Add:
4.6.6.4 Connections Flush, quench, drain, and vent connections shall be
provided and identified by symbols cast in or stamped on the gland itself.
Symbol Connections Locations Type
BI Barrier/Buffer Fluid In 180° Process
BO Barrier/Buffer Fluid Out 0° Process
C Cooling Process
D Drain 180° Atmospheric
F Flush 0° Process
H Heating Process
Q Quench 90° Atmospheric
I In
O Out
The seal gland shall have the largest connection possible up to a maximum of
1/2 NPT. For gland connections that cannot be 1/2 NPT due to geometry
limitations, the vendor shall provide a swage connection to incorporate 1/2 in.
tubing. The minimum connection size is 1/4 NPT.
Additional connections may be required as a result of the seal flush
arrangement specified. These connections shall also be identified.
Add:
4.6.6.5 Rigidity Gland shall have sufficient rigidity to avoid any distortion
that would impact seal operation, including the distortion that might occur
during tightening of the bolts to set gasketing.
Add:
4.6.7 Pressurized and Unpressurized Dual Seal Requirements
4.6.7.1 Unless otherwise specified, dual liquid or dry gas seals shall be
provided on all pumps handling flammable and toxic fluids with a vapor
pressure greater than 1.03 kg/cm2 (14.7 psia) at the higher of either 38° C
(100° F) or the pumping temperature.
For dual liquid seals using Plan 7352, the minimum requirement for the
support facilities include:
• A minimum 10 liters (3 gallon) seal pot with pressure switch and orifice
vent mounted on a separate stand.
For dual liquid seals using Plan 7353, the minimum requirement for the
support facilities include:
Table A
kW bhp % of Rated Pump Power
< 22 < 30 125
22-75 30-100 115
> 75 > 100 110
4.7.4.4 If the end of curve power requires a motor less than 4 kW (5 hp), the
motor shall be the next standard size larger than the standard size required to
cover the end of curve.
4.7.4.5 Unless otherwise specified, motor service factor shall not be used to
meet the motor power requirements.
4.7.4.6 Motors shall also have sufficient power to cover initial run-in on
water with the pump throttled to 50% of the rated capacity. If this requirement
results in an increase in motor size, the larger motor shall be quoted as an
alternative.
4.7.6 Bearings - VB Pumps
Add:
4.7.6.1 All bearings shall have metal rolling element retainers.
4.7.6.2 For oil mist lubrication, shielded or sealed bearings are not
acceptable. If grease-lubricated bearings are provided, the bearing may be
shielded.
Add:
4.12.8 Oil Mist Lubrication If oil mist lubrication is specified on the datasheets,
vertical pump bearings shall be lubricated using pure oil mist lubrication. A drilled
and tapped low-point drain port on the pump bearing housing with sight bottle and
petcock drain valve shall be provided. Standard shaft lip seals are acceptable. The
vertical motor shall be grease lubricated.
4.12.9 Sealing Unless otherwise specified, bearing housing isolator seals shall be
provided.
Add:
5. General Information
5.1 Application
5.1.2 Flange Loading Modify to Read: Allowable flange loading shall be
supplied by the pump vendor.
5.1.4 Vibration Modify to Read: When factory performance tests are conducted,
unfiltered bearing housing vibration shall be measured in the horizontal, vertical, and
axial planes. Measurement shall be taken at the pump’s rated speed (±5%) and at
minimum continuous flow and best efficiency point. Vibration limits in any plane shall
not exceed 4.1 mm/sec (0.16 in/sec) RMS velocity. Vibration measurements shall be
submitted as part of the test records.
Add:
5.1.5 Shaft Alignment Motor shaft and pump shaft shall be able to be aligned
within 0.075 mm (0.003 in.) TIR parallel offset and 0.23 mm/m (0.003 in./ft.)
angularity.
5.2 Tests
5.2.1 Hydrostatic Add: Mechanical seal shall not be used during hydrostatic
testing.
5.2.2 Performance
Add:
Unless otherwise specified, performance tests shall be conducted if any of the
following conditions are met:
• Pumps operating in parallel.
• Suction specific speed is above 215 (11,000).
• Normal operating point is less than 10% above minimum continuous flow.
• When specified by the purchaser.
Performance tests shall be conducted with the job seals. If pumps are specified with
multiple seals, alternates to using the job auxiliaries (seal pots and piping) shall be
considered.
Performance test shall conform to Acceptance Level A requirements in the centrifugal
pump test section of the Hydraulic Institute Standard. The test shall include a
minimum of 5 points including minimum continuous flow and 110% of BEP. The
vendor shall provide a certified performance test curve and vibration data for
purchaser's review and acceptance prior to shipment.
Add:
5.2.4 NPSH Test NPSH test shall be quoted as an option if the NPSHA minus
NPSHR is 1.5 meters (5 feet) or less at the rated capacity. When NPSH testing is
required, NPSHR data shall be measured at minimum flow, rated operating, and best
efficiency points.
Add:
5.2.6 Purchaser Witnessing Unless otherwise specified, tests will not be
witnessed by the purchaser.
Add:
5.2.7 Retesting If it is necessary to dismantle any pump after the performance
test, a retest shall be conducted, unless the sole purpose of dismantling is to trim the
impeller to meet the specified differential head tolerance and the reduction in diameter
is 5% or less of the original diameter. If dismantling is necessary for some other
required correction, such as improvement of efficiency, NPSH or mechanical
difficulties, the initial test is not acceptable. The pump shall be retested.
5.3 Nameplates
Revise First Sentence to Read: A nameplate of corrosion resistant material,
securely attached at an accessible point on the pump, shall be furnished.
Add:
As a minimum, the nameplate shall be stamped with the purchaser's item number
which shall not be less than 3 mm (1/8") high. A supplemental nameplate may be used
in conjunction with the vendor’s standard nameplate. Supplemental nameplate shall be
fastened in the same fashion as primary plate. Units of measurement on the nameplate
shall be the same as those on the data sheet(s).
Add:
5.4.6 The pump shall be shipped with the mechanical seal and the auxiliary support
systems installed and ready for initial service.
5.4.7 Bearing housing internals shall be coated with a suitable vapor space inhibitor
preservative prior to shipment.
Add:
Appendix B
Appendix C-1
Appendix C-2