SCHOOL OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING AND HEALTH

SCIENCEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING

Course Name : Laboratory 4 Review :

Date Created : September 2020
Course Code : SMBE 4712 Date Amended :
Procedure No :

BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY 4

STUDENT PACK

3D SCAFFOLDS FOR BONE TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

Prepared by Approved by

Signature : Signature :
Name :Dr Saiful Izwan Abd Razak Name :

Stamp Stamp

Date : October 2020 Date :

1. Introduction
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is an interdisciplinary approach which utilizes cells and
combination of biomaterials to repair or restore required functions of bone tissues [1].
Scaffolds, a 3-dimensional (3D) structures which provide a template for cell attachment,
play a vital role in BTE [2]. Their purpose is to mimic the structure and function of the
natural bone extracellular matrix (ECM), which can provide a 3D environment to promote
the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of the bone cells and to have adequate
physical properties for bone repair [3]. Varieties of methods are used for making bone
scaffolds which includes chemical foaming [4], freeze-drying [5], solvent casting [6], sol-gel
[7], 3D printing [8] and 3D bioprinting [9].

There are various critical parameters to define the performance of scaffolds; these include,
pore-volume, pore size, chemical properties and mechanical strength. It is made as per the
understanding of bone mechanics, bone structure, and tissue formation for new functional
bone tissues. The choices of the biomaterials also crucial in determine the performance of
bone scaffolds.

2. Objectives of the project:

 To design gyroid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering
 To propose and design scaffolds with suitable parameters such as pore size for
bone tissue engineering applications
 To propose and justify suitable materials for printing bone scaffolds

3. Task
As a biomedical engineer, you are required to design a gyroid scaffold and choose
suitable materials to build a 3D scaffold for bone tissue engineering application.

4. Problem solving time line:

No Activities Week Week2 Week3 Week Week5 Week6

1 4
Problem understanding
1 /
and method development.
2 Design gyroid scaffold / /
Propose and design bone
3 / /
scaffold
4 Materials selection / /
Reporting and
5 /
presentation
5. Equipment/Tools/Software
 Solid works or any other design/drawing software

References

[1] Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Khan, R. H., & Suman, R. (2020). 3D printing applications in bone
tissue engineering. Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma, 11, S118-S124.

[2] Vaishya, R., Vijay, V., Vaish, A., & Agarwal, A. K. (2018). Computed tomography based
3D printed patient specific blocks for total knee replacement. Journal of clinical
orthopaedics and trauma, 9(3), 254-259.

[3] Qu, H., Fu, H., Han, Z., & Sun, Y. (2019). Biomaterials for bone tissue engineering
scaffolds: a review. RSC advances, 9(45), 26252-26262.

[4] Kucharska, M., Butruk, B., Walenko, K., Brynk, T., & Ciach, T. (2012). Fabrication of in-
situ foamed chitosan/β-TCP scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application. Materials
Letters, 85, 124-127.

[5] Sultana, N., & Wang, M. (2012). PHBV/PLLA-based composite scaffolds fabricated using
an emulsion freezing/freeze-drying technique for bone tissue engineering: surface
modification and in vitro biological evaluation. Biofabrication, 4(1), 015003.

[6] Mozafari, M., Moztarzadeh, F., Rabiee, M., Azami, M., Maleknia, S., Tahriri, M.,
Moztarzadeh, Z.,& Nezafati, N. (2010). Development of macroporous nanocomposite
scaffolds of gelatin/bioactive glass prepared through layer solvent casting combined with
lamination technique for bone tissue engineering. Ceramics International, 36(8), 2431-2439.

[7] Pereira, M. M., Jones, J. R., & Hench, L. L. (2005). Bioactive glass and hybrid scaffolds
prepared by sol–gel method for bone tissue engineering. Advances in applied ceramics,
104(1), 35-42.

[8] Bose, S., Vahabzadeh, S., & Bandyopadhyay, A. (2013). Bone tissue engineering using 3D
printing. Materials today, 16(12), 496-504.

[9] Bendtsen, S. T., Quinnell, S. P., & Wei, M. (2017). Development of a novel alginate‐
polyvinyl alcohol‐hydroxyapatite hydrogel for 3D bioprinting bone tissue engineered
scaffolds. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 105(5), 1457-1468.