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  • Ni Steps

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    Ain Shafikah
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    This document outlines 6 approaches to measuring national income: 1) GDP is the total value of goods and services produced domestically plus income received from abroad minus income paid abroad. 2) GNP is GDP minus indirect taxes plus subsidies. 3) NNP/NI is GNP further adjusted for depreciation/capital consumption. 4) PI is NNP/NI further adjusted for transfers, social security contributions, insurance, taxes, and retained corporate earnings. 5) DI is PI minus personal income taxes.

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    NI STEPS

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    This document outlines 6 approaches to measuring national income: 1) GDP is the total value of goods and services produced domestically plus income received from abroad minus income paid abroad. 2) GNP is GDP minus indirect taxes plus subsidies. 3) NNP/NI is GNP further adjusted for depreciation/capital consumption. 4) PI is NNP/NI further adjusted for transfers, social security contributions, insurance, taxes, and retained corporate earnings. 5) DI is PI minus personal income taxes.

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    13 views1 page

    Ni Steps

    Uploaded by

    Ain Shafikah
    This document outlines 6 approaches to measuring national income: 1) GDP is the total value of goods and services produced domestically plus income received from abroad minus income paid abroad. 2) GNP is GDP minus indirect taxes plus subsidies. 3) NNP/NI is GNP further adjusted for depreciation/capital consumption. 4) PI is NNP/NI further adjusted for transfers, social security contributions, insurance, taxes, and retained corporate earnings. 5) DI is PI minus personal income taxes.

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    of 1

    NI APPROACHES

    INCOME PRODUCT/
    EXPENDITURE
    1) GDP 1) GDP mp
    +received abroad
    -paid abroad

    2) GNP 2) GNP mp
    -indirect taxes
    + subsidies

    3) NNP/NI 3) GNP fc
    - Depreciation/capital consumption

    4) PI 4) NNP/NI fc
    + transfer payment
    - Socso
    - EPF
    - corporate taxes
    - insurance
    - undistributed profit

    5) DI 5) PI
    - Personal income taxes

    6) DI

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