Final Draft

Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Inc.
Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Sciences
YOUR FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE: AN EXPLORATION INTO BARANGAY
BUROL RESIDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON IMMUNIZATION.
An Undergraduate Thesis
Presented to the Faculty
of Medical Laboratory Sciences,
OUR LADY OF GUADALUPE COLLEGES, INC.
City of Mandaluyong
In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Sciences
By
AGUSTIN, Noralie
ASPE, Monique Louise
TAGOYLO, Kyla
BSMT - 3
2021
Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Sciences.
ABSTRACT
Background: The public’s hesitancy on vaccines began to increase as the global

pandemic continues to spread on different places. Understanding the perceptions and
influences that may change their views are being evaluated. The aim of this study is to
assess the perception, awareness and possible influences among the population.
Method: A standardized questionnaire was given to the residents of Barangay Burol,
City of Mandaluyong in between 05/02/2021 and 05/15/2021. A two-week duration for
the residents to reflect their perceptions and thoughts; to avoid giving any hasty
answers that may affect the study. The answers were evaluated with the questions that
surrounds with the idea of vaccines, its benefits, risks and the variants that may have
affected the public’s perceptions.
Results: The standardized population is 100, which is divided into (2) two groups:
Millennials, with ages 18-38 years old, and the Generation X, with ages 39 – 60. In
general matters, the public considers that vaccines are indeed safe and would
recommend to have vaccine for vaccine-preventable diseases. However due to the
impending pandemic, the public became skeptical.
Conclusion: Most portion of the population are aware of that the government
administers free vaccines, majority responded that these were safe and efficient.
However few showed hesitancy and somewhat hostile with the idea of getting
themselves or their children from being vaccinated.
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APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis entitled “YOUR FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE: AN EXPLORATION

INTO BARANGAY BUROL RESIDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON IMMUNIZATION”,
prepared and submitted by AGUSTIN, NORALIE, ASPE, MONIQUE LOUISE S., and
TAGOYLO, KYLA MAE in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Sciences, has been examined and hereby
recommended for Oral Examination.
______________ MR. SILAGON, PATRICK JR., RMT, DTA, AMT, LPT,
MAED
Date Thesis Adviser
PANEL OF EXAMINERS
Approved by the research panelists with the grade of ________.
EDISON RAMOS, RMT, MSMT
LAARNI GLORIANI, RMT MSMT
OLIVER SHANE DUMAOAL, RMT, MSMT
Accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research.
______________ MS. AILEEN A. ESTACIO

Date Dean, College of Medical Laboratory Sciences
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Our sincerest gratitude goes first to our adviser in this study, Mr. Patrick Silagon
Jr. for expertly guiding us throughout our academic journey. His willingness to mentor
our group will forever be treasured. Without his valuable criticisms, this study would not
be possible.
A heartfelt appreciation to our professor in Research 2, Ms. Aileen A. Estacio,
for her guidance and words of encouragement that helped the researchers to work
harder and pursue the study.
To our statistician, Mr. Russel Animosa. We are thankful for his support and
helpful advices that made our study moved forward.
We would like to acknowledge the presence of Barangay Burol’s Chairman, Hon.
Ernesto F. Santos Jr. and the staffs who have cooperated for this research.
A tribute to our beloved family and friends for their endless financial and moral
support. Your overwhelming love and patience inspired us to go on with this study.
To our classmates, especially our colleagues in BSMT 3, thank you very much
for your never-ending assurance and lifted our spirits, especially during the hard times
in pandemic.
Above everything, an endless appreciation and gratitude to the Almighty God
who had given us strength and knowledge.
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A.N
A.M.L
T.K.M
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page .... i

Abstract . . . .
ii
Approval Sheet . . . .
iii
Acknowledgement . . . .
iv
Table Of Contents . . . .
v
List Of Tables
. . . vii
CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction .... 8
Statement Of the Problem .... 9
Conceptual Framework . . . .
10
Research Objectives . . . .
11
Hypothesis . . . . 11
Significance Of the Study . . . . 12
Scope And Delimitation . . . .
13
Definition Of Terms . . . .
13
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Misconception On Vaccines . . . .
15
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Vaccinations . . . .
16
Routine Immunization . . . .
17
Vaccines Included in The Routine Immunization . . . .
18
Live-Attenuated Vaccines . . . .
19
Inactivated Vaccines . . . .
20
Conjugate Vaccines . . . .
20
Toxoid Vaccines . . . .
21
Immunization Drops . . . .
22
Dengvaxia Scare . . . .
23
Covid-19 . . . .
24
Covid-19 Vaccines . . . .
25
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design . . . .
28
Research Approach . . . .
28
Research Environment . . . .
28
Respondents And Sampling Procedure . . . .
29
Research Instruments . . . .
29
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Data Gathering . . . .
30
Treatment Of Data . . . .
31
CHAPTER IV: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA ..
33
CHAPTER V: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS.
Summary of Findings . . . .
46
Conclusion . . . .
47
Recommendations . . . .
48
REFERENCES
Electronic Sources . . . .
50
APPENDICES
A. Survey Questionnaire . . . .
54
B. Letter of consent for Barangay Addition Hills . . . .
58
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE #
1 Distribution of Respondents as to Group
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2 Distribution of respondents of the study as to Gender
3 Millennial Respondents as to Age
4 Generation X Respondents as to Age
5 Millennials as to answer Question No.1
6 Generation X as to answer Question No. 1
7 Millennials and Generation X as to answer Question 1
8 Millennials as to answer Question No. 2
9 Generation X as to answer Question No. 2
10 Millennials and Generation X as to answer Question No. 2
11 Millennials as to answer the Likert Scale
12 Generation X as to answer the Likert Scale
13 Millennials and Generation X as to answer the Likert Scale
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
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In this chapter, the researchers will discuss about the introduction, statement
of the problem, conceptual framework, research objectives, hypothesis,
significance of the study, scope and delimitations and the definition of the terms.
Introduction
Vaccinations are one of public health’s significant achievements in the past
century as they save millions of individuals from various diseases that causes death
(Ehreth, 2003). Vaccination remains to be the most preventive health measure used by
most of the population against many infectious diseases.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had come up with a memo that
recommended vaccinations of adults depending on their age, medical condition and the
potential risk of acquiring specific disease (Schaffner, Rehm, & File, 2010) With this,
there are low percentage of people who have been acquiring such diseases thanks to
the vaccines that were given to the public. Maggi (2010) has stated that with the help of
the vaccines, infection-induced morbidity and mortality had decreased as time goes by.
Vaccines are one of the most cost-effective health measures available as they
are effective in reducing in acquiring infectious diseases, especially in children.
Children’s vaccination from serious diseases such as diphtheria, hepatitis B,
poliomyelitis, pertussis, tetanus and infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type
B (Hib) prevents millions of deaths each day as well as saving children from having a
disability worldwide.
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It’s implementation of the successful vaccinations has led to a rise in
immunization and effective public health control in the past decades; successfully
impacting the epidemiology of serious vaccine-preventable-diseases.
On densely populated areas, infectious diseases can be easily transmitted,
contributing to outbreaks compared to those families who are currently living in remote
areas, should not be careless as disease know no boundaries; anyone can be infected.
Dr. Bravo (2020) had said that prevention is the key. In the time gap, there have
been recorded that the Philippines had no deaths attributed to diseases such as
measles and with that the country had enjoyed a high vaccination coverage rate. But
now, the country is now experiencing outbreaks due to vaccination complacency, fear
and distrust.
Statement of the Problem
The main purpose of this descriptive study is to establish the extent of understand
on the perceptions to the vaccination in Barangay Burol. Specifically, it seeks to answer
the following questions:
1. What are the residents’ perception and knowledge about the vaccines?
2. What are the influences that may have affected their perspective?
3. What is the extent understanding with the vaccines among Barangay
Burol’s residents?
4. What are the plans of the barangay to maintain the progressiveness of the
use of the vaccines?
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Conceptual Framework
The research paradigm that guided this study is shown in figure. It follows the
flowchart that is shown below.
INPUT PROCESS
OUTPUT
 The  Conducting a
 The
researchers study based on
researchers
want to know the opinions of
have learned
the opinions the public.
and
and  Reading pieces
understand
perceptions of of information
the influences
the public to about the types
views through
the routine of vaccines and
gathering
vaccines in its
data.
general misconceptions
Figure 1.
In this conceptual framework shows the flow of the study wherein the researchers
will question and think of the possible misconceptions and perception on the routine
vaccinations in Barangay Burol, Mandaluyong. Its process is to conduct a study based
on the opinions of the general public. As well as, reading pieces of information about the
vaccines offered in the immunization programs. Lastly, the researchers have fully
understood the influences and psychological reasons through the gathered data and
can finally make a conclusion that could help the said community.
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Research Objectives
This study seeks to attain the following objectives:
General Objectives: To gain knowledge on the perceptions of the Immunization
Programs in Barangay Burol, Mandaluyong City.
Specific Objectives:
a) To understand the perception of vaccines and its effects among the
general population.
b) To identify evidence of vaccine-preventable-diseases impact and the
vaccine’s benefit in the barangay.
c) To further identify the other factors that could influence the views and
decisions of the public towards immunization programs.
Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis: There is no individuals who are misinformed, concerning the
Immunization Programs in Barangay Burol, Mandaluyong City.
Alternative Hypothesis (H1): There are some who are misinformed and have
misconceptions concerning on the Immunization Programs in Barangay Burol,
Mandaluyong City.
Alternative Hypothesis (H2): The are average sets of individuals who are
misinformed and have misconceptions concerning on the Immunization Programs in
Barangay Burol, Mandaluyong City.
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Alternative Hypothesis (H3): There is a significant set of individuals who are
misinformed and have misconceptions concerning on the Immunization Programs in
Barangay Burol, Mandaluyong City,
Significance of the Study
The findings of this study redound to the benefit of the community, considering
that immunization programs play a vital role in health awareness during the pandemic.
The demand of having vaccinated, in these times, may have skyrocketed due to the
people at risk. Furthermore, the study could be of importance to the following:
Public Officials. The information that will be shown can help the public officials
because they are the people who proposed and address different plans and actions in
improving the health department.
School Administrators. The outcome of the study will guide them to decide
whether to have immunization programs at school during pandemic and in normal days.
Parents. The data presented to them will give them the ideas in this particular
issue who are directly concerned for their children considering the past case pertaining
to Dengvaxia program.
Students. This study will help the students to develop their interest when it
comes to addressing public health concerns and comes with a different idea to improve
this research.
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Future Researchers. The result of this study can benefit them as their means of
reference in their study pertaining to the prevalence of concern in health sectors.
Scope and Delimitation
The focus of this study is to determine the perceptions and knowledge of
Barangay Burol’s residents on vaccines. The aspects looked into were the
misconceptions, influences and their perceptions. The data collection will be conducted
in the premises and residents of Barangay Burol only.
This study will mainly identify and asses the different factors that may have
affected their perceptions. It will be done through questionnaires to the respondents as
a survey and reference. By their cooperation, the researchers will be able to know the
general public’s perception on Immunization Program.
Definition of Terms
To understand and clarify the terms used in the study, the following words are
hereby defined:
Community Health Center – is a network of clinics staffed by a group of general
practitioners and nurses providing healthcare services to people in a certain area.
Diphtheria – A serious bacterial infection that usually affects the mucous membranes of
your nose and throat.
Immunization – Is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an
infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine.
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Measles – An infectious viral disease-causing fever and red rash on the skin, typically
occurring in childhood.
Pertussis – Also known as “whooping cough”, a communicable, potentially deadly
illness characterized by fits of coughing followed by a noisy “whooping” indrawn breath.
Poliomyelitis – An infectious viral disease that affects the central nervous system and
can cause temporary or permanent paralysis.
Tetanus – A serious disease caused by bacterial toxin that affects your nervous
system, leading to painful muscle contractions, particularly of your jaw and neck
muscles.
Tuberculosis – A contagious infection that usually attacks your lungs.
Vaccine – is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a
particular infectious disease.
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Chapter 2
REVIEWS OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the related literature and studies of both local and foreign
sources. It includes ideas, finished thesis, generalizations, surveys, studies, news and
others. Those that were included in this chapter helps in familiarizing information that is
relevant to the study.
Misconceptions on Vaccines
According to the World Health Organization (2020, October), there were a lot of
frequent questions that were asked about the vaccines and immunization. Most of them
were myths and misconceptions of the public towards the latter. The common
misconceptions that will be presented below are originally written by the Center for
Disease Control and Prevention of the United States; this is to inform the parents and
family of the children before administering the vaccinations. Common perceptions are
often cited from concerned parents as their reason to question it is to helped them be
enlightened with such procedure.
Vaccines vs. Hygiene and Sanitation
People would often think that if their place practice Hygiene and Sanitation, there
is no need for them to get vaccinated. Better nutritional habits, instead of using
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medications and other treatments, have increased survival rates for most people.
However, if we were to look at the incidence of the diseases over the time-frame. These
practices aren’t enough as there is not a hundred percent sure that the place is clean.
That’s where the vaccines enter, as they help the prevention of acquiring the disease.
Vaccinations
By the year of 1974, the World Health Organization (WHO) began to create the
Expanded Program on Immunization with the very most important goal is to vaccinate
all people, specifically children, worldwide. Variety of standardized vaccinations have
been developed and are always regulated by WHO. It has shown that their program, the
EPI, has shown great achievement and sustains the high levels of immunization that
covers, not just countries, but ensures an effective protection of the public against
several infections. Furthermore, EPI has significantly contributed to the reduction of the
global childhood morbidity and mortality. However, there are challenges that continue to
remain as coverage and the quality of vaccination efforts weren’t given adequate
amount of support.
Black (2010) have cited that the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and
the World Health Organization had estimated that there are at least 1.5 million of
children worldwide continues to die from vaccine-preventable diseases every year due
to the inadequate coverage of vaccinations in South – East Asian countries; the number
of deaths continues as years goes by.
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Routine Immunization
UNICEF (2020) had stated that Immunization Programs saves millions of lives
each year. By fortifying the children's immune system against serious diseases.
Vaccines plays a vital role in suppressing the possible child mortality. Low immunization
levels among the poor and marginalized children compromises the benefit of the
vaccine that the other sectors of community had received.
Here in the Philippines, there are six vaccine-preventable disease that are
available and administered to the general public, these are: Tuberculosis, Poliomyelitis,
Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis and Measles, as for the Department of Health have
stated on the website, the following goals are:
• To immunize all children against the most common vaccine-preventable
diseases;
• To sustain polio-free status of the Philippines;
• To eliminate measles infection;
• To eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus;
• To control diphtheria, pertussis, hepatitis B and German Measles;
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• To prevent extra pulmonary tuberculosis among children.
Immunizations are a core stone of public health: The World Health Organization
had estimated that on the year of 2006, immunizations have saved almost two to three
million of live. Nonetheless in that very same year, 1.4 million of children are estimated
to have died from vaccine preventable diseases (Measles, Influenzae type B, pertussis,
tetanus, yellow fever and poliomyelitis). It is a very reflection of the incomplete
convergence with the existing vaccines that persists in the many parts of the world.
Immunization programs need to be continuously supported with proven
strategies; as well as fresh approaches to reduce any incidence of the disease that may
be prevented through the use of traditional vaccines, and to permit the effective
introduction of the new vaccines. There are 23 newly and improved vaccines for the
children and adolescents, as the integration of these vaccines be into the routine
programs will substantially increase the needed expenditure on the routine
immunization. To fully take advantage of these new vaccines it is essential to identify
and utilize proven strategies for improving routine immunizations.
Vaccines included in the Routine Immunization.
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There are several types of vaccines that has specific capability in boosting our
immune system and fight off various kinds of germs and serious diseases. When
scientist create vaccines, they consider the following reasons: How our body responds
to the foreign intruders such as germs, bacteria and viruses; the people who are at risk
and needed to be vaccinated; and lastly, the best way to administer and create a new
vaccine.
Based on the above mention these are the type of vaccine they create and mass
produce. There are 4 main types of vaccines: Live attenuated vaccines; Inactive
vaccines; Sub-unit, recombinant, polysaccharide, conjugate vaccine; and Toxoid
vaccines.
Live-attenuated vaccines
Live-attenuated vaccines uses weakened type of germ that causes
disease. They build a strong and long-lasting immune response because these
vaccines are so close to natural infections that they help prevent them. A lifetime of
defense against a germ and the disease it causes can be given by only 1 or 2 doses of
most live vaccines. But we should consider that this vaccine has its limitations. Since
they involve a limited amount of a compromised live virus, certain people, such as
people with weakened immune systems, long-term health conditions, or people who
have had an organ transplant, should speak to their health care provider before getting
them. It is important to keep them cold, because they don't move well. In countries with
insufficient access to refrigerators, this ensures that they cannot be used.

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Live vaccines are used to protect against:
• Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR combined vaccine)
• Rotavirus
• Smallpox
• Chickenpox
• Yellow Fever
Inactivated vaccines
This vaccine is used to kill various type of pathogen that causes disease.
Inactivated vaccines normally do not have as much immunity as live vaccines. But in
order to get consistent immunity against diseases, you can need multiple doses over
time (booster shots).
Inactivated vaccines are used to protect against:
• Hepatitis A
• Flu shot
• Polio
• Rabies
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Subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide and conjugate vaccines
This type of vaccine uses specific pieces of the germ like its protein,
sugar, or capsid. It also contributes massive immune response to the targeted key part
of the pathogen. Everyone can have them specially to those people who have
weakened immune system and long-term health problems. The only limitation for this
type is that you need booster shots to get ongoing for the protection it provides against
foreign diseases.
These are the list of diseases that you can prevent by having vaccinated:
• Hib (Haemophilus influenza type b) disease
• Shingles
• HPV (Human papillovirus)
• Hepatitis B
• Whooping cough
• Meningococcal disease
• Pneumococcal disease
Toxoid vaccines
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Toxoid vaccine uses a harmful product made by the germ that causes a
disease to a person. The scientist will get a particular part of the germ that cause a
disease instead the germ itself that means the immune response of this vaccine is
targeted to the toxin that the germ produces. Like the other vaccines, this also need
booster shots to keep this protection ongoing.
Toxoid vaccines are used to protect against:
• Diphtheria
• Tetanus
Immunization drops
ABS-CBN News (2019) had reported that the United Nations Children's Fund
(UNICEF) raised their concerns as the Philippines' immunization began to decline in a
rapid state, stating that there are at least 2.9 million Filipino children are at risk of
contracting these life-threatening diseases.
From 88 percent in 2013, its percentage dropped to 73 percent in 2017. In the
preceding year, it falls down further to less than 70 percent in 2018, which is the far
from the required percentage on the index. Public health scare, shortage of the vaccine
and the inaccessibility of immunization centers in remote areas. UNICEF had declared
that these are the reasons for the low immunization in the country.
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The Philippines has a law that supports the immunization programs through
Republic Act 10152, or the Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act, in
which it will make all basic immunization into free at any government hospitals and
community health centers for infants and children up to five years of age. UNICEF and
the government reach out to its audience to have their children vaccinated.
Dengvaxia Scare
Dengvaxia is a vaccine that aims to help our immune system to protect us from
the deadly virus caused by female Aedes aegypti. In April 2016, Dengvaxia was created
by Sanofi Pasteur in order to help the community to lessen the cases of acquiring this
dengue virus in the Philippines and it was administered to over 800,000 children
through a school campaign. Sadly, years after that by the year 2018 there are three
deaths reported cases that is being connected to the Dengvaxia for its side-effects to its
recipient.
According to Juliet Sio-Aguilar from UP-PGH, it should have a thorough study
because linking this death cases to the said vaccine is very insignificant. It was later on
added by Heidi Larson by 2019 that there were insufficient evidence/s that will support
the link between Dengvaxia and deaths in the Philippines.
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This is in contrast to what the Public Attorney’s Office (PAO) led by Persida
Acosta said that in the last February 2017, more than 8, 400 people became sick and
more than 130 people had died from Dengvaxia. This statement released by Persida
Acosta creates a public interest and mass hysteria that makes the Dengvaxia a threat to
public health and safety of the people in the Philippines.
As per Department of Health (DOH) (2018) from March 2016 to March
2018, a total of 3, 281 students were hospitalized in different public/government and
private hospital for “various illnesses” as their coined term and 65 deaths were still
under investigation. They added that those who were hospitalized about 98% of them
were eventually sent home as false alarm.
Up until now we never heard of an official statement from them that the
Dengvaxia vaccine is one of the probable causes of mortality amongst those children
who have received it. This issue could be a factor for considering as one of the angles
in pertaining to the liability of the routine immunization program done in the Philippines
amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
The COVID-19 Pandemic
The global outbreak has evidently spread worldwide as it affects almost all
countries and its territories. It, first, began in the December of the year 2019, when it
was identified in Wuhan, China. The news extends vastly from the countries around the
world as they cautioned the public to take good care of themselves through strategies
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such as disinfection of the area; wearing masks, one-meter distancing, handwashing
and strict discouragement of mass gatherings. Sintema (2020) had said that lockdowns
were made to flattened the curve and mitigate the ongoing transmission of the diseases.
The first transmission that was identified in the country was on the 30 th of January
in 2020, when a thirty-year old Chinese woman was suffering symptoms of the disease,
confines herself at San Lazaro Hospital, Manila. Over the month, the Department of
Health confirms its first local transmission on the 7 th of March, 2020. Since then, the
virus has spread to different provinces as people who lived in the city, specifically in
Metro Manila began to leave the capital and back to their provinces. On the 15 th of
March, community quarantines were announced to limit the transmission of the said
virus.
The lockdown continued on for almost a year, interchanging from Enhanced
Community Quarantine (ECQ) to General Community Quarantine. As of June 1, 2021,
Philippines is considered to be second of the highest cases in the Southeast Asian
countries, after Indonesia; 6 th place in Asia and 24 th place for global ranking due to its
low testing capacity compared to its neighboring countries.
THE COVID-19 VACCINE
Few months into the pandemic, a vaccine was made that is intended to provide
immunity for the said disease. All vaccines have undergone three phase trials to
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demonstrate its efficacy rate that would eventually show as high as (95) ninety-five
percent in preventing any symptomatic infection.
On April 2021, sixteen vaccines have showed great efficacy rate and are now
authorize by at least one national regulatory authority for it to be publicly used, which is
the three RNA Vaccines such as Pfizer-BioNtech and Moderna; Another one is the
seven conventional inactivated vaccines that were BBIBP-CorV, CoronaVac, Covaxin,
WIBP-CorV, CoviVac, Minhai-Kangtai and QazVac; and last, the five viral vector
vaccines that are Sputnik Light, Sputnik V, Oxford – AstraZeneca, Convidecia and
Johnsons & Johnsons.
As of May 30th, an estimated 1.9 billion vaccines have been distributed
worldwide, to be administered by the government of each country as they prioritize
those who have the highest risk of complications, such as the senior citizens, front
liners, and those who are vulnerable to infection.
According to AstraZeneca, they anticipate of producing at least 3 billion of doses
in the year 2021, Pfizer-BioNtech expects a 1.3 billion doses and other pharmaceutical
companies such as Sinopharm, Sinovac, and Johnson & Johnsons had estimated a
production of 1 billion doses each.
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Vaccine Types
As of January 2021, there had been different vaccines that undergone clinical
trials that are focused on the viruses’ spike protein and its variant as its primary antigen
of the assess COVID-19 infection. Each company developed in the year of 2020, had
involved themselves into performing nucleic acid technologies, peptides, reviewing
recombinant proteins, non-replicating viral vectors, inactivated viruses and live –
attenuated viruses.
RNA vaccines have RNA in which it acts as a mRNA or messenger RNA to
cause the exposed cells to create immunity against the foreign protein and stimulate a
response to destroy the pathogens that will be detected. Example of these vaccines are
the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna Vaccine.
Another one is the Adenovirus vector vaccine where in it uses an adenovirus
shell containing a DNA that encodes the COVID 19 protein. These are non-replicating
which means it is not enough to replicate virus particles and instead it will only signal a
mass production of antigen to elicit an immune response. One of its examples are thew
Sputnik V Vaccine and Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine.
Lastly, the Inactivated Virus vaccine in which it has virus particles that were
cultured and eventually killed through such method as heat or formaldehyde for it to
lose its ability of reproducing while still sends messages to create an immune response.
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Examples of these are the Sinovac vaccines, Sinopharm’s vaccine, Covaxin and
CoviVac.
Chapter 3
Research Design
This chapter presents a description of the research design selection and
description of the respondents, research instruments, data collection procedure
and statistical treatments.
Research Approach
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In order for the researchers to see the general picture of Barangay Burol
Residents’ perception on vaccines; a descriptive survey method was used.
As descriptive study, it collects detailed and factual pieces of information
to describe the existing phenomena. It will describe the situation and they are of
interest, both factually and accurately. It will allow the researchers to carefully
describe and understand the factors and psychological reasons.
Research Environment
Barangay Burol is a barangay in the city of Mandaluyong. Its population is
determined by the 2015 census was 2,740 residents. This represented the 0.71% of the
total population of the city. The barangay is situated near the following barangays: Brgy.
Harapin Ang Bukas; Brgy. Población; Brgy. Hagdang Bato Itaas; and Brgy Pag-asa.
Its population continues to grow from 2,551 in 1990 to 2,740 in the 2015 census,
with an increase of 189 people. The latest census figures in the 2015 had shown
positive remarks on the growth rate of 0.96%, with an increase of 134 people from its
previous recorded population of 2,606 residents in the 2010 census.
Research Respondents and Sampling Procedures
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The researchers considered 100 respondents with the age bracket of 18 - 60.
They are the chosen respondents as this study surrounds only to the residents of
Barangay Burol for convenience purposes.
The study will use a Stratified sampling wherein respondents were group into two: The
Millennials, with ages 18-38, and Generation X, with ages 39-60. Another sampling
technique will be used, which is the Quota sampling; wherein there are fifty (50)
respondents per group, with the total of 100 respondents.
Research Instruments
The questionnaire will be the major instrument used in this study so that we are
able to secure the despondence on the question. The questionnaires that will be used in
his study are designed to obtain information of the perceptions of the respondents. It is
a four-page questionnaire that will able to evaluate their levels of confidence. The first
two questions will be answered by Yes/No. Followed by a Likert on their knowledge and
perceptions on immunization. On the third page, five open ended questions will be
shown to give additional insights. The materials will both have English and Tagalog
translation.
Open and timely questions will be used to give the respondents the opportunity
to give their responses and suggestions.
The questionnaires will be prepared by the researchers; these was developed by
reading reference materials and the relation to the misconceptions on vaccines.

31 | P a g e
For the sample of the survey questionnaire, please refer to the Appendix.
Data Gathering
The researchers will make a consent letter for the Barangay Burol’s
Chairman; asking for permission to conduct a survey on its residents. Together
with the barangay officials and staff, the researchers will personally administer
the research instruments to the respondents. They will confer and orient the
significance and overview of the study.
Due to minimal exposure to the public, the researchers will explain to each
respondents the purpose and orient them in answering the questionnaire. The
questionnaire will be left to them. Each respondent will be given two weeks to
reflect and accomplish the forms to prevent them from making any hasty
responses that may cause errors in the analysis. The researchers will go house-
to-house in collecting the accomplished questionnaire.
After the questionnaires have been accomplished, the results will be kept for
confidentiality; the results will be tallied and tabulated. These data become the basis of
the analysis and interpretation.
For the sample of the consent letters, please refer to the Appendix.
32 | P a g e
Treatment of Data
The data gathered from the respondents were tabulated and grouped.
There were properly tabled to clarify and simplify the presentation of data
collected. To interpret the data effectively, the researchers will employ the
following statistical treatment. The Percentage, Ranking and Scaling are tools
use to interpret data.
1. Percentage
This will employ to determine the frequency counts and percentage distribution of
personal related variables of the respondents.
F
Formula: % = x 100
N
% Is the percentage
F is the Frequency
N is the total number of respondents
100 is the constant value
2. Ranking
This will employ to determine the most forms, the mediums and the effects of the
study.
Ranking:
33 | P a g e
After getting the percentage, the highest percentage will be automatically ranked
as number 1.
There is a possibility that two options will have the same percentage, so the rank of
the options will be the same.
CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the data gathered, the results of the statistical analysis and
the interpretation of the findings. These are presented in tables following the sequence
34 | P a g e
of the questionnaire regarding on the perception of vaccines of Barangay Burol’s
residents.
With 100 as the standardized population, the group is divided into (2) two groups.
The respondents of the study are composed of 50 respondents named, Millennials, with
the age bracket of 18 – 38 years old, and 50 respondents for Generation X, with the age
bracket of 39 – 40 years old.
Table 1
Distribution of Respondents as to Group
Group F %
Millennials 50 50 %
Generation X 50 50%
Total 100 100 %
As presented in Table 1, there are 50 respondents for the group of millennials or
50% percent and 50 respondents representing the Generation X respondents.
Table 2
Distribution of respondents of the study as to Gender
35 | P a g e
Millennials Generation X TOTAL
F % F % F %
Male 6 12% 14 28% 20 20%
Female 44 88% 36 72% 80 80%
TOTAL 50 100% 50 100% 100 100%
Table (2) two shoes that there are a total of 6 male respondents or 12 % and 44
female respondents or 88% under the Millennial group while 14 male respondents or 28
% and 36 female respondents or 72 % represents the Generation X group.
Table 3
Millennial Respondents as to Age
Age F %
18 – Below 2 4%
36 | P a g e
18 - 21 1 2%
22 - 25 0 0%
26 - 29 19 38 %
30 - 34 12 24 %
35 - 38 16 32 %
TOTAL 50 100%
As displayed in Table 3, the age bracket of 26 – 29 of the Millennial group has
the highest frequency of 19 or 38 %; followed by the age bracket of 35 – 38, 32 %; the
age bracket of 30 – 34 with 24 % and lastly, 18 - below, 18 -21, and 22 – 25 age
brackets have the lowest frequency in that descending order.
Table 4
Generation X Respondents as to Age
Age F %
39 - 43 2 4%
37 | P a g e
44 - 48 2 4%
49 - 53 3 6%
54 - 58 8 16 %
59 - 60 23 46 %
60 - Above 12 24 %
TOTAL 50 100%
As shown in Table 4, majority of the Generation X respondents belong to the age
bracket of 59-60 with the frequency of 23 or 46 %; followed by the age bracket of 60 –
above with the frequency of 12 or 24 %; 54 – 58 years old with frequency of 8 or 16
percent; 49 – 53 with 3 or 6 % and 38 – 43 and 44 – 48 group with both have the
frequency of 2 or 4 %.
Table 5
Millennials as to answer Question No. 1
Answers F %
YES 46 92 %
NO 3 6%
NO ANSWER 1 2%
38 | P a g e
TOTAL 50 100 %
Table 6 shows that 46 respondents or 92 % that were aware the government
administers free vaccines; 3 respondents or 6 % that have answered that they were not
aware and one respondent has no answer.
Table 6
Generation X as to answer Question No. 1
Answers F %
YES 49 98 %
NO 1 2%
NO ANSWER 0 0%
TOTAL 50 100%
Table 7 shows that among the 50 respondents, 49 or 98 % had answered that
are aware of the government administering free vaccines while 1 respondent or 2%
have answered that they are not aware that it is free.
Table 7
Millennials and Generation X as to answer Question No. 1
Answers F %
YES 95 95 %
NO 4 4%
NO ANSWER 1 1%
TOTAL 100 100%
39 | P a g e
Table 7 states that 95 respondents are aware of the governments vaccination
program and free administer while 4 respondents have answered that they are not
aware of it. Lastly, 1 respondent have no answer at all.
Table 8
Millennials as to answer Question No. 2
Answers F %
YES 11 22 %
NO 38 76 %
NO ANSWER 1 1%
TOTAL 50 100 %
As revealed in Table 8, 11 or 22 % of respondents have answered that they have
been recent vaccinated while 38 or 76 % respondents have answered that they have
not.
Table 9
Generation X as to answer Question No. 2
Answers F %
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YES 32 64 %
NO 18 36 %
NO ANSWER 0 0%
TOTAL 50 100%
Table 9 shows that 32 or 64 % of the respondents’ population have answered
that they have been recently vaccinated while the remaining 18 or 36 % of the
population have not been vaccinated up-to-date.
Table 10
Millennials and Generation X as to answer Question No. 2
Answers F %
YES 43 43 %
NO 56 56 %
NO ANSWER 1 1%
TOTAL 100 100%
As per Table 10, it shows that 43 % of the respondents’ population are recently
vaccinated while 56% have not. Also, 1% have not answered the question.
Table 11
Millennials as to answer the Likert Scale

41 | P a g e
STRONGLY DISAGREE NEUTRAL AGREE STRONGLY
DISAGREE AGREE
1 2 3 4 5
Q1 3 5 10 15 17
% 6% 10 % 20 % 30 % 34 %
Q2 5 0 18 16 11
% 10 % 0 36 % 32 % 22 %
Q3 F 5 20 19 6 0
% 10 % 40 % 38 % 12 % 0
Q4 F 5 13 21 6 5
% 10 % 26 % 42 % 12 % 10 %
Q5 F 6 7 5 24 8
% 10 % 14 % 10 % 48 % 16 %
Table 11 has shown that in question no. 1, most respondents have answered
number 5 with the visual interpretation of strongly agree; followed by Agree with 15
answers; Neutral with 10 answers; and disagree with 5 and strongly disagree with 3 in
descending order.
For Question 2, number 3 ranks highest with the frequency of 18; followed by
number 4 which has 16 answers; number 5 with 11 answers; and number 1 with 5
answers.
42 | P a g e
For Question 3, number 2 ranks first with 20 answers; next is, number 3 with 19
answers; number 4 with 6 answers and number 1 with 5 answers.
For Question 4, number 3 has the highest with the frequency of 21; followed by
number 2 with 13 responses; number 4 with 6 responses and lastly, number 1 and 5
having both 5 answers.
Last, Question 5 with number 4 as its first with 24 responses; number 5 with 8
responses; number 2 with 7; number 1 with 6 responses and number 3 with a frequency
of 5.
Table 12
Generation X as to answer the Likert Scale
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DISAGREE AGREE
1 2 3 4 5
Q1 8 5 28 6 3
% 16 % 10 % 56 % 12 % 6%
Q2 2 14 20 10 4
% 4% 28 % 40 % 20 % 8%
Q3 F 5 21 6 14 4
% 10 % 42 % 12 % 28 % 8%
Q4 F 2 2 23 17 6
% 4% 4% 46 % 34 % 12 %
Q5 F 2 6 17 18 7
% 4% 12 % 34 % 36 % 14 %
number 3 with the visual interpretation of neutral; followed by strongly disagree with 8
answers; agree l with 6 answers; and disagree with 5 and strongly agree with 3 in
descending order.
44 | P a g e
number 2 which has 14 answers; number 4 with 10 answers; number 5 with 4 answers;
and number 1 with 2 answers
answers; number 3 with 6 answers; number 1 with 5 answers; and number 5 with 4
answers.
number 4 with 17 responses; number 5 with 6 responses and lastly, number 1 and 2
having both 2 answers.
responses; number 5 with 7; number 1 with 2 responses and number 2 with a frequency
of 6.
45 | P a g e
Table 13
Millennials and Generation X as to answer the Likert Scale
DISAGREE AGREE
1 2 3 4 5
Q1 11 10 38 21 20
% 11% 10 % 38 % 21 % 20 %
Q2 7 14 38 26 15
% 7% 14 % 38 % 26 % 15 %
Q3 F 10 41 25 20 4
% 10 % 41 % 25 % 20 % 4%
Q4 F 7 15 44 23 11
% 7% 15 % 44 % 23 % 11 %
Q5 F 8 13 22 42 15
% 8% 13 % 225 42 % 15 %
number 3 with the visual interpretation of neutral; followed by agree with 21 answers;
strongly agree with 20 answers; and strongly disagree with 11 and disagree with 10 in
descending order.
46 | P a g e
number 4 which has 26 answers; number 5 with 15 answers; number 2 with 14
answers; and number 1 with 7 answers
answers; number 4 with 20 answers; number 1 with 10 answers; and number 5 with 4
answers.
number 4 with 23 responses; number 2 with 15 responses and lastly, number 2 with 15
answers; and number 1 with 7 answers.
responses; number 5 with 15; number 2 with 13 answers and number 1 with 8 answers.
47 | P a g e
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
In this chapter, the researchers dealt with the summary of findings,
conclusions, and recommendations.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
This study is conducted to determine the knowledge and influences on the
perception of Barangay Burol’s residents on immunization.
The researchers used a descriptive study method to collect a precise and factual
piece of information on the matter. The analysts had described and are able to
understand the situation in the area of interest, accurately. They have included other
factors and reasons for further elaboration of the study.
The conducted research had used a stratified sampling and quota sampling to
make it more efficient and convenient as the sampling techniques that were used have
already been group and limited. With the help of the questionnaires; the researchers
were able to survey the respondents, with the consent of Barangay Burol’s chairman.
To gather the results of the data, each analysts acquired percentage, ranking, weighted
mean of each question to compare the results from the respondents.
The results that were found from both Millennial and Generation X group, they
are aware that the government is providing vaccines whether it is under the routine
48 | P a g e
immunization programs or the newly-made COVID-19 vaccines. Most respondents have
answered that they were informed well about the vaccines and its benefits, whether it is
from the Expanded Immunization Program or the COVID vaccine; through the use of
media such as televisions and social media. However, there is a small portion of the
population that were less informed and had a small understanding on the vaccines,
which is one factor that may influenced one’s perception. Due to the ongoing pandemic
and other incidents, most of the population began to doubt the effects of vaccines on
infectious diseases. They have, also, considered that if there are plenty of people in the
community there is no need for them to be vaccinated for, they believe that it is safe
now.
5.2 CONCLUSIONS
Based on the findings of the study, the researchers, therefore, conclude the
following conclusions:
1. Most portion of the population are aware of vaccines that are administered by
the government are free. However, some lack the knowledge to comprehend
its benefits to people, especially to their children and the people who are
vulnerable.
2. The identified factors that may affect the views are rumors, the Dengvaxia
incident, the low assurance on vaccines such as the one for the COVID 19
and lastly, the traditional belief where it is unethical and the idea of injecting
49 | P a g e
the said virus or disease into the body, despite of it being in a lowest dose
and inactivated.
3. Almost ¼ portion or 25 % of the population showed hesitancy to taking their
first dosage of the COVID vaccine; However, their opinions on routine
immunization have not wavered; they still consider it as safe unlike the
COVID-19 vaccine.
4. There are portions of the population that were terrified to take any vaccines as
their perception have changed due to past incidents such as the Dengvaxia.
As well as the ongoing news of the vaccines for COVID-19. Also, some
showed hostility towards the idea of vaccines.
5. A portion of the population have stated that there is an inadequate effort in
educating the public in regards to vaccination, whether the vaccines are part
of the Expanded Immunization Program or the COVID-19 Vaccine.
6. Some of the respondents views the vaccines as inefficient and does not have
any benefits while the majority have responded that the vaccines are safe.
However, most refers to the ones that were under the EPI rather than the
COVID vaccine.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The combined assessment of the respondents to the questionnaire suggested to
the result of our study. Thus, the researchers propose the following recommendations:
50 | P a g e
1. The public may have been aware of the free administration of the vaccines.
However, there are some who may have known it but lacks the education on the
benefits and consequences that the vaccine offers. A proposal of exerting an
effort to give a seminar or conference to give knowledge and motivate the public
to get vaccinated.
2. The proponents have observed that there are people who have the same
perception in all vaccines. Thus, rejecting the offer of getting vaccinated. There
are parents who are worried if the vaccines are still efficient; they don’t want the
Dengvaxia incident to repeat again. With the same suggestion as the first, the
researchers would like to add that the community center’s staff would explain the
different categories vaccines that are being administered by the local
government.
3. The research is still inadequate, nevertheless it can still be used as a basis to
expand the topic by future researchers.
51 | P a g e
Bibliography:
 ABS – CBN News. (2019, May 07). UNICEF: PH immunization coverage
dropping at alarming rate. Retrieved December 15, 2020, from https://news.abs-
cbn.com/news/05/08/19/unicef-ph-immunization-coverage-dropping-at-alarming-
rate
 Ali. I, (2020, September 22). Impact of COVID-19 on vaccination programs:
adverse or positive? Retrieved on December 21, 2020.
 Authors, A., Suwantika, A., Boersma, C., & Postman, M. J. (2020, August 06).
The potential impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the immunization performance in
Indonesia. Retrieved December 19, 2020, from
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14760584.2020.1800461
 Aylward, R., Bilous, J., Tangermann, R., Sanders, R., Maher, C., Sato, Y., & Omi,
S. (1997, February 01). Strengthening Routine Immunization Services in the
Western Pacific through the Eradication of Poliomyelitis. Retrieved December 21,
52 | P a g e
2020, from
https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/175/Supplement_1/S268/878840?login=true
 Burol, city OF MANDALUYONG. (2021). Retrieved April 17, 2021, from

https://www.philatlas.com/luzon/ncr/mandaluyong/burol.html
 Chandir, S., Siddiqi, D., Mehmood, M., Setayesh, H., Siddique, M., Mirza, A., . . .
Khan, A. (2020, August 15). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic response on uptake
of routine immunizations in Sindh, Pakistan: An analysis of provincial electronic
immunization registry data. Retrieved December 21, 2020, from
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264410X20310501
 E. Pegurri, J., K. Batt, J., BN. Tandon, N., N. Hughart, D., L. Kuhn, M., RF.
Brugha, J., . . . SC. Hadler, S. (1970, January 01). Too little but not too late:
Results of a literature review to improve routine immunization programs in
developing countries. Retrieved December 3, 2020, from
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1472-6963-8-134
 Expanded Program on Immunization: Department of Health website. (n.d.).
Retrieved October 03, 2020, from https://www.doh.gov.ph/expanded-program-on-
immunization
 Leonard, K., Schmidt, S. E., Onwuegbuzie, A. J., Combs, J. P., Bandemer, H., &
Näther, W. (2020, December 2). Which method should I use to present the Mean
of a 5-point Likert scale? ResearchGate.
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Which-method-should-I-use-to-present-the-
Mean-of-a-5-point-Likert-scale.
 Ramos, C. (2020, October 02). PH is 20th nation with the greatest number of
COVID-19 cases. Retrieved October 03, 2020, from
53 | P a g e
https://globalnation.inquirer.net/191351/ph-is-20th-nation-with-most-number-of-
covid-19-cases
 Sharma, A., Sharma, S., Shi, Y., Bucci, E., Carafoli, E., Melino, G., . . . Das, G.
(2020, July 08). BCG vaccination policy and preventive chloroquine usage: Do
they have an impact on COVID-19 pandemic? Retrieved December 8, 2020, from
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41419-020-2720-9
 Taddio, A., Manley, J., Potash, L., Ipp, M., Sgro, M., & Shah, V. (2007,
September 01). Routine Immunization Practices: Use of Topical Anesthetics and
Oral Analgesics. Retrieved December 4, 2020, from
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/120/3/e637.short
 WHO. (2019, February 13). Immunization gaps contribute to rising measles
cases in the Philippines. Retrieved December 20, 2020, from
https://www.who.int/philippines/news/feature-stories/detail/immunization-gaps-
contribute-to-rising-measles-cases-in-the-philippines
54 | P a g e
APPENDICES
55 | P a g e
Sierra Madre cor. I. Esteban St., Mandaluyong
City, Philippines
This questionnaire is intended to collect data about the “Perception of Barangay Burol Residents’
Confidence on Routine Immunization Program.” This survey is being conducted by the third-year students
of Our Lady of Guadalupe, under the department of College of Medical Laboratory Sciences; with the
consents of both Barangay Chairman and the Head of Barangay Burol’s Community Health Center. The
results from this study will be used for research purposes only. Any information obtained from this study
will remain confidential. Participation in this survey is on a completely voluntary and anonymous. No harm
will befall to anyone of the participants. Thank you for your participation.
Respondent’s Details
Name / Pangalan (Optional): Date:
Age / Edad: Gender / Kasarian:
56 | P a g e
1. Are you aware that the national government administers vaccines (for free)?
(May idea ka ba na ang pamahalaan nating gobyerno ay nagseserbisyo ng libre pabakuna ?)
YES NO
2. Have you (or your child) been recently vaccinated? (Nagpabakuna ka ba o ang iyong (mga) anak,
nito lang mga nakaraang araw?)
YES NO
QUESTIONS / MGA TANONG: Strongly Agree Average Disagre Strongly

Agree e Disagree
1. I believe that the vaccine is 5 4 3 2 1

safe.
(Naniniwala akong ligtas ang
bakuna.)
2. I am confident that the vaccine 5 4 3 2 1

is effective.
(May kumpiyansa ako na
epektibo ang bakuna.)
3. Everyday stress prevents me 5 4 3 2 1

from getting vaccinated.
(Ang pang araw-araw na mga
isipin ay isa sa mga dahilaan
upang makaligtaan ko
magpabakuna.)
4. It is important for me to fully 5 4 3 2 1

understand the purpose of the
vaccine, before being
vaccinated.
(Mahalaga sa akin na lubos
kong alam ang nilalaman ng
isang bakuna bago ako
bakunahan.)
5. When plenty of people in my 5 4 3 2 1

community already got
vaccinated, I don’t have to get
57 | P a g e
vaccinated too for I believe it is
safe now.
(Kapag maraming tao, sa
aming lugar, ay nagpabakuna.
Hindi na ako kinakailangan
pang bakunahan sapagkat
naniniwala na ako sa mga
taong nakapaligid sa akin.)
Other factors that affect the perspective of an individual:
1. What are the other factors that may affect your perspective on routine
vaccination? (Ano ang mga dahilaan at impluwensya ang nakakaapekto sa iyong
perspektibo ukol sa pagbabakuna?)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the other factors that hinders you and your children to get vaccinated during
this pandemic aside from COVID-19? (Ano ang mga humahadlang sa inyo upang
pabakunahan ang inyong sarili at ang inyong mga anak?)

58 | P a g e
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Do you remember any events in the past that would discourage you from getting
yourself or your children vaccinated? If yes, please explain. (Mayroon ka ba
natatandaan na kaganapan sa nakaraang na maaaring magpahina ng loob na
magpabakuna? Kung Mayroon, Ipaliwanag.)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
4. Are you satisfied with the information given by the health workers, as well as the
media? (Ikaw ba ay kuntento sa mga impormasyon na ibinigay ng mga health workers
at media ukol sa mga bakuna? Ipaliwanag.)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5. Will you be taking the vaccine for COVID-19? (Ikaw ba ay magpapabakuna laban sa
COVID-19?)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
59 | P a g e
Thank you for your participation!
Sierra Madre cor. I. Esteban St., Mandaluyong City,
Philippines
To. Hon. Ernesto F. Santos Jr.,

Greetings of Peace!
In partial fulfilment of our requirements for our subject Intro to Medical Lab Science Research,
We, the third-year college students of Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges namely: Monique Louise
S. Aspe, Kyla Mae Tagoylo, Noralie Agustin would like to ask for your permission to conduct a
research study entitled “The Perception of the Barangay Burol’s Residents’ Confidence on the
Routine Immunization Program”.
Participation in this survey connection is on voluntary basis and there are no unknown
anticipated risks to the participants. With this, we would like to ask your good office to allow us
to conduct our research study in your vicinity. Rest assured that the data we will gather will
remain absolutely confidential and to be used in academic purposes only.
We believe that you are with us in our enthusiasm to finish the requirement as compliance for
our subject and to develop our well-being. Your approval for this study will be greatly
appreciated. Thank you for consideration.
Respectfully yours,
AGUSTIN, Noralie
60 | P a g e
ASPE, Monique Louise S.
TAGOYLO, Kyla
Noted by:
Ms. Aileen A. Estacio

OIC – Dean, College of Medical Laboratory Science
Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges
61 | P a g e

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Our Lady of Guadalupe Colleges, Inc.

Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Sciences

YOUR FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE: AN EXPLORATION INTO BARANGAY

BUROL RESIDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON IMMUNIZATION.

Of the Requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Sciences

ASPE, Monique Louise

Background: The public’s hesitancy on vaccines began to increase as the global

This thesis entitled “YOUR FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE: AN EXPLORATION

______________ MR. SILAGON, PATRICK JR., RMT, DTA, AMT, LPT,

Date Thesis Adviser

EDISON RAMOS, RMT, MSMT

LAARNI GLORIANI, RMT MSMT

OLIVER SHANE DUMAOAL, RMT, MSMT

Accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research.

______________ MS. AILEEN A. ESTACIO

A heartfelt appreciation to our professor in Research 2, Ms. Aileen A. Estacio,

harder and pursue the study.

helpful advices that made our study moved forward.

We would like to acknowledge the presence of Barangay Burol’s Chairman, Hon.

Above everything, an endless appreciation and gratitude to the Almighty God

who had given us strength and knowledge.

Title Page .... i

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

CHAPTER IV: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA ..

CHAPTER V: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND

3 Millennial Respondents as to Age

4 Generation X Respondents as to Age

5 Millennials as to answer Question No.1

6 Generation X as to answer Question No. 1

7 Millennials and Generation X as to answer Question 1

8 Millennials as to answer Question No. 2

9 Generation X as to answer Question No. 2

10 Millennials and Generation X as to answer Question No. 2

11 Millennials as to answer the Likert Scale

12 Generation X as to answer the Likert Scale

13 Millennials and Generation X as to answer the Likert Scale

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

of the problem, conceptual framework, research objectives, hypothesis,

Vaccinations are one of public health’s significant achievements in the past

most of the population against many infectious diseases.

are effective in reducing in acquiring infectious diseases, especially in children.

Children’s vaccination from serious diseases such as diphtheria, hepatitis B,

poliomyelitis, pertussis, tetanus and infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type

impacting the epidemiology of serious vaccine-preventable-diseases.

On densely populated areas, infectious diseases can be easily transmitted,

Statement of the Problem

on the perceptions to the vaccination in Barangay Burol. Specifically, it seeks to answer

the following questions:

3. What is the extent understanding with the vaccines among Barangay

use of the vaccines?

flowchart that is shown below.

vaccinations in Barangay Burol, Mandaluyong. Its process is to conduct a study based

This study seeks to attain the following objectives:

General Objectives: To gain knowledge on the perceptions of the Immunization

Programs in Barangay Burol, Mandaluyong City.

a) To understand the perception of vaccines and its effects among the

b) To identify evidence of vaccine-preventable-diseases impact and the

vaccine’s benefit in the barangay.

decisions of the public towards immunization programs.

Null Hypothesis: There is no individuals who are misinformed, concerning the

Immunization Programs in Barangay Burol, Mandaluyong City.

misconceptions concerning on the Immunization Programs in Barangay Burol,