Professional Documents
Culture Documents
l Certificate in Gardening
l Diploma in Horticulture
l Diploma in Agri-business Management
l Diploma in Agro-Journalism
The Director
School of Agricultural Sciences
Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University
Dnyangangotri, Near Gangapur Dam, Nashik - 422 222
Phone : (0253) 2231474, 2230340, Fax : (0253) 2231474 `
E-mail : Suryagun@hotmail.com Website : http://ycmou.digitaluniversity.ac OR http://www.ycmou.ac.in
2016
YCMOU : Contact Points
1. Policy Matters
The Vice-Chancellor,
Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University, Nashik - 422 222
Phone : (0253) 2230228 Fax : (0253) 2231716
4. Manual Developement
Dr. Surya Gunjal
Professor & Director,
School of Agricultural Sciences
Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University, Nashik - 422 222.
Phone : 0253) 2230340, Cell : 9403774501 E-mail : suryagun@hotmail.com
5. Assistance
Mr. Somnath Jadhav & Mr. Rajesh Barve
School of Agricultural Sciences
Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University, Nashik - 422 222.
n Printer : Mr. Narendra Shaligram, M/s Replica Printers, 2 Chitco Centre, Wakilwadi, Nashik - 422 001
n Publisher : Registrar, Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University, Nashik - 422 222
Contents
01. Open and Distance Education in India ................................................................... 1
02. Programs Under The School of Agricultural Sciences .......................................... 2
03. Program Structure & Vertical Mobility in Agriculture......................................... 5
04. Admission Process on Agriculture Education Center ........................................... 6
05. Program Delivery System (Under Graduate Programs) ....................................... 8
06. YCMOU : Authorities, Powers & Responsibilities ................................................ 9
07. YCMOU Study Center : Authorities, Powers & Responsibilities ...................... 11
08. YCMOU Study Center : Academic, Administrative and Financial Management 13
09. Annexures ................................................................................................................ 22
Annexure 1 : Requirements for opening of YCMOU Agriculture Education Center .......................... 22
Annexure 2 : Application Form for opening of YCMOU Agriculture Education Centre .................... 24
Annexure 3 : Memorandum of Undertaking (MOU) for YCMOU Center, Nashik ............................. 27
Annexure 4 : Agriculture Education Center Evaluation & Grading Form ........................................... 28
Annexure 5 : Annual Program Fees and Financial Provisions ............................................................39
Annexure 6 : Distribution of Program Fees (Under Graduate Programs) ........................................... 40
Annexure 7 : Rates of Honorarium & Payment Procedure (Under Graduate) .................................... 41
Annexure 8 : B.Sc. ( Agriculture/Horticulture) Entrance Examination ..............................................46
Annexure 9 : Rates of Honorarium : B. Sc. Project Guides & Examiners ......................................... 47
Annexure 10 : Distribution of Program Fees (Post Graduate & Research Program).......................... 48
Annexure 11 : Rates of Honorarium (Post Graduate & Research Program) ....................................... 49
Annexure 12 : Educational Qualifications of Teacher Counsellors .....................................................50
Annexure 13 : Biodata Sheet for YCMOU Center Staff & Teacher Councellors ................................ 51
Annexure 14 : Model Question Paper for Internal Theory Examination (20 Marks) .......................... 52
Annexure 15 : Model Question Paper for Final Theory Examination (80 Marks) .............................. 53
Annexure 16 : Model Question Paper for Internal Practical Examination (20 Marks)........................ 54
Annexure 17 : Model Question Paper for Final Practical Examination (80 Marks) ............................ 56
Annexure 18 : B.Sc. (Agri.) Entrance Examination Model Question Paper (200 Marks) ................... 59
Annexure 19 : B.Sc. (Horti.) Entrance Examination Model Question Paper (200 Marks).................. 76
Annexure 20 : PGR Programs Model Question Paper (Internal Exam) ..............................................93
Annexure 21 : PGR Programs Model Question Paper (Final Exam) ...................................................94
Annexure 22 : YCMOU Regional Centres ...........................................................................................95
Annexure 23 : Government Resolution UGC (2013), (2006), (2004), (2003), (2002)........................ 96
Annexure 24 : Pre-Admission Form - Agriculture Programs .............................................................106
Annexure 25 : B.Sc. (Agri./Horti) CET Admission Form ..................................................................107
Annexure 26 : Format for B.Sc. (Agri./Horti.) Project Report Submission ....................................... 108
Annexure 27 : Instruction to B.Sc. (Agri/Horti) Project Report Preparation & Submission ............. 111
01. Open and Distance Education in India
The university has its head quarter at Nashik and has 8 Regional Centers located
at Mumbai, Pune, Aurangabad, Nanded, Nashik, Amravati, Nagpur and Kolhapur.
There is a huge Network of over 4000 Open Education Centers/Study Centers, throughout
the state in Maharashtra.
Manual for Agriculture Education Center : 1
The School of Agricultural Sciences is actively supported by different Crop Growers
Association in Maharashtra, Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishthan, Mumbai, Network of NGO,
Maharashtra Council of Agricultural Education and Research (MCAER.), Pune, National
Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development (NABARD), Mumbai, Distance Education
Bureau (DEB), New Delhi. Virtual Academy for Semi-Arid-Tropics (VASAT) of
International Crop Research Institute for Semi-arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Indian
Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, South Asia Foundation (SAF), New
Delhi, Virtual Learning Centers (VLC) of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO),
Ahmedabad, Commonwealth of Learning (COL), Canada and ICRISAT, Hyderabad.
The School of Agricultural Sciences has undertaken the challenging task of developing
high quality and need based educational programs with the following objectives.
1. To offer an opportunity for Rural youth practising farmers, farm women, government
functionaries and officials for self learning through distance education
2. To offer courses in the vital agriculture developmental areas relevant to Maharashtra
state for raising production and productivity through knowledge and skill empowerment
of farming community.
3. To generate Self Employment opportunities among the rural youth and enhance the
socio-economic status of the farmers and rural youths.
There are large number of persons, who because of social, economic and geographic
22 early age and have had
reasons have dropped out from the mainstream of education in their
to enter the world of work to earn a livelihood. It is for these reasons that this
university has initiated some need based educational programs after having elaborate
discussions with the experts in the world of education and the world of work.
The university has identified farming community as a major target group and agro-
horticulture and commercial crop as main area for the development. The learners are given
The learners are expected to study the text books and workbooks and learn by actually
working on their own farm as well as institutional farm and laboratories. The academic
councillors working on the study centers, guide the learners in their difficulties and problems
faced by them in the field through weekly scheduled interactive contact sessions and
field cum laboratory practicals and prepare them for knowledge and skill based
Profession.
|
|
|
AGR 301 : B.Sc. (Agriculture)
| |
AGR 201-204
AGR 217-220
CET + EVS-201 (Environmental Studies) + Project Report 5 160 AGR 221-224
| AGR 225-228
Pass
12th Std.
| AGR 201-204 : Foundation in Agricultural Sciences 1 32 | Pass/Fail &
Equivalent
|
|
|
|
AGR 302 : B.Sc. (Horticulture)
|
AGR 201-204
AGR 205-208
CET + EVS-201 (Environmental Studies) + Project Report 5 160 AGR 209-212
AGR 213-216
|
Pass
12th Std.
| AGR 201-204 : Foundation in Agricultural Sciences 1 32 | Pass/Fail &
Equivalent
|
| |
10th Std.
AGR 101-104 : Certificate in Gardening 1 32 Pass / Fail
04. Admission Process on Agriculture Education Center
Admissions to All programs in Agricultural Sciences shall be made by the recognized
Agriculture Education Centers on the basis of Merit and Social Reservations.
1. Women 30.00 18
2. Eligibility for Admission: The Social Reservation class wise Merit list of candidates
will be displayed by considering the marks obtained by the candidate in the eligibility
examination as filled up by the candidate at two decimal points in online admission
form. The merit list followed by the waiting list of selected candidates will be displayed
on the university website.
The Eligibility for the admission to various academic programs shall be as follows:
2.1 Certificate in Gardening (Mali Training): Marks obtained in the 10th Class
Pass / 10th Class Fail Examination in percent in two decimal points.
2.2 Foundation in Agricultural Sciences: % Marks obtained in 12th. Class Pass /
12th Class Fail Examination OR Equivalent examination in percent in two decimal
points.
2.3 Diploma in Horticulture / Diploma in Agri-business Management / Diploma
in Agro-Journalism / Diploma in Fruit Production / Diploma in Vegetable
Production / Diploma in Floriculture and Landscape Gardening: Marks
obtained in YCMOU’s Foundation in Agricultural Sciences in percent OR Marks
obtained in SAU’s Diploma in Agriculture in percent OR Marks obtained in SAU’s
Degree in Agricultural Sciences/Horticultural Sciences OR Equivalent examination
in percent in two decimal points.
2.4 B.Sc. (Agriculture) / B.Sc. (Horticulture) Degree: First 77 1000 candidates who
has passed the Common Entrance Test (CET) Examination conducted by the
YCMOU with minimum 120 marks out of 200 marks in total and minimum 30
marks out of 50 marks in each section. In case, the numbers of eligible candidates
are less than 1000, then the less number of students available shall be
admitted.
3 The Director is authorised to extend approval to the legal purchase of goods and
services at the Center that falls beyond the financial powers of center head & co-
ordinator subject to availability of funds at the Center and full justification for the
purchase of goods & services to that effect.
4 The Director has full power to approve the nomination of Agriculture Education
Center Head, Co-ordinator Teacher, Counsellors and Accountant or replace them
from time to time in consistent with existing rules & regulations and in the interest
of operation of Center.
5 The Director of the School has full powers and responsibility to plan, design
develope & operate academic programs in consistent with policies decided at
University level, State level or National level including obligations from apex
academic & statutory authorities at National level and visit any Center at
any time with or without prior notice to check contact sessions, physical
facilities & financial transactions of the Center.
2 The Regional Directors are authorised to visit any Center with or without prior
notice for ensuring smooth functioning of Center or to address the grievances of
students and teachers at the center with or without written complaint from the
concern students or teachers and can check physical facilities & financial
transaction.
1010
3 The Regional Director is authorised & responsible for Advice, monitoring and
setting standards for center operations in consistent with existing Rules &
Regulations.
The Head
The designated Center Head shall be Principal of the College of Agriculture /
Horticulture or Program Coordinator of Krishi Vigyan Kendra as the case may be and Post
Graduate in Agricultural Sciences and shall functions as Chief Executive Officer of the
Center and shall Monitor and Supervise the contact sessions and Internal & External
Examinations on Saturday and Sunday on the Center and provide need based academic,
administrative and financial support to the Co-ordinator and Teacher Counsellors for smooth
running of programs throughout the year.
The Head of the Center have Purchase Power of Rs. 100,000 for teaching and
learning material including furnitures, fixtures, instruments, implements,
demonstration units, teaching aids, paper & printing, seeds, fertilizers, glasswares and
chemicals required for theory and practicals. He shall have full powers for payment of
Honorarium to center staff subject to availablity of funds under the respective budget
head.
The Co-ordinator
1. The designated Center Co-ordinator shall be Assistant Professor of Agronomy /
Horticulture from the College, Subject Matter Specialist in Agronomy/ Horticulture as
the case may be and Post Graduate in Agricultural Sciences with specialization in
Agronomy/Horticulture & shall functions as Contact Officer between the Center and
University head quarter. He shall also exercise academic and administrative powers
and responsibilities for Monitoring & Supervision of Contact Sessions & Internal
Examinations in consultation with the head to ensure the smooth running of programs
throughout the year.
2. The Center Co-ordinator shall be responsible for all online & offline admission,
admission form Scrutiny, planning, co-ordination & execution of contact sessions,
practical sessions, students study tour, monitoring of Internal and Final Theory &
Practical Examinations.
1111
The Accountant
1. The designated Center Accountant shall make all payment after the sanction from the
Head of the center in consistent with the financial provisions made by the YCMOU,
Nashik and prepare Physical & Financial Statement of Accounts with balance as
prescribed by the university under Two Heads i.e. (1) Honorarium and (2) Operation &
Development Receipts & Expenditure alongwith indiviual bill.
The Assistant
The designated Center Assistant shall be responsible for helping Center Head, Co-
ordinator, Teacher Counsellor and Accountant in admission process, day to day menial
& typing work throughout the academic year. He shall also be responsible for record
keeping, filling and assistance during practicals and theory examinations.
The Peon
The designated Center Peon shall be responsible for helping center management
personnel, menial work, serving tea and snacks, distribution of water to teacher &
students during contact session and examination.
l Student Admissions
8.1 The YCMOU shall declare date of admission for the programs and Center shall
inform prospective students through local advertiesment for marketing of program
in their jurisdiction. The YCMOU Regional Center / University will confirm the
admissions or otherwise and issue Permanent Registration Numbers (PRN) to the
students and will provide the list to the respective center.
8.3 University shall follow Semester System and 10 Point Grading System for evaluation.
Students shall obtaing minimum 5.5 out of 10.00 CGPA in Certificate, Diploma and
Degree Programs and 6.5 out of 10.00 CGPA in Post Graduate and Research
Programs respectively. 1313
8.4 ATKT (Allowed To Keep Terms) in Examination : There shall be no ATKT system
of passing in Foundation in Agriculture program and the student has to pass in all the
courses before seeking admission to any diploam program. However student can seek
admission to any second diploma program if he/she fails in one course out of four
courses in the program.
Manual for Agriculture Education Center : 13
l The Internal Examination
8.5 The Internal Theory Examination for each course of the program shall be conducted
by the Agriculture Education Center for 20 marks. The 20 Marks Theory Examination
shall have 20 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) and each question carrys 1 mark.
8.6 The Internal Practical Examination for each course of the program shall be conducted
by the Agriculture Education Center for 20 marks which includes 10 marks for writing
and performing 1 practical / experiments and 10 marks for 10 Specimen OR
Spotting identification and the questions related to specimen (1 Mark each).
8.8 The Final Practical Examination shall be conducted for 80 marks which includeds
30 marks for 2 experiments/practicals (15 marks each), 30 marks for spotting &
answering 15 specimens (2 mark each), 10 marks for oral examination and 10 marks
for workbook completion.
Internal and Final Examination Evaluation Table:
Sr. Programs Int. Marks Final Marks Total Grand
No. TH PR TH PR Int. Final Total
1. Certificate in Gardening 80 80 320 320 160 640 800
2. Foundation in Agricultural Sciences 80 80 320 320 160 640 800
3. Diploma in Horticulture 80 80 320 320 160 640 800
4. Diploma in Agri-business Management 80 80 320 320 160 640 800
5. Diploma in Agro-Journalism 80 80 320 320 160 640 800
6. Diploma in Fruit Production 80 80 320 320 160 640 800
7. Diploma in Vegetable Production 80 80 320 320 160 640 800
8. Diploma in Floriculture and Landscape 80 80 320 320 160 640 800
1414
Gardening
N.B.: 20% weightage for Internal Examination and 80% weightage for Final Examination.
l General Management
8.10 The YCMOU shall prescribe fees for the program and publish the same through
prospectus. The Center shall pay honorarium to center Head , Co-ordinator,
Account, Assistant, Peon, Teacher Councillors and maintain records of
disbursement. The center will keep the record of training material, its purchases
and issues and other receipts from the YCMOU funds. This account shall be
audited by the YCMOU from time to time.
8.11 Requirement of SignBoard of Center : The Agriculture Education Center shall fix
up minimum Two and maximum Four sign boards in Marathi & English each with 3
feet width and 6 feet length (Horizontal) with minimum 16 gauge thick metal sheet on
the office of the Head /Co-ordinator and other boards with 4 feet width and 8 feet
length (Horizontal) with minimum 16 gauge thick metal on the Highway, Main Road,
Sub Road & Internal Road, showing arrow towards the Center Building and Location.
The Sign Board shall be painted in Military Dark Green Colour on Dark Yellow
Background with the font size and shape as given below. Sign board shall be painted
with one side Marathi and one side English as shown below. The font for English
board shall be Arial while font for Marathi board shall be ShriLipi (Shree-Dev-715).
8.12 Requirements for Center Head & Co-ordinator : The Center Head shall be
Principal of the College of Agriculture / Horticulture, Program Coordinator of
1515 and Research Institute/
Krishi Vigyan Kendras or Director of Agricultural Education
Center, as the case may be whereas a Center Co-ordinator shall be a Assistant
Professor/Subject Matter Specialist with Post Graduate qualification in Agronomy/
Horticulture (Absence of which a person with Post Graduate qualification in other
discipline can shoulder this responsibility subject to written approval from the The
Director, School of Agricultural Sciences, YCMOU, Nashik before 30 June each year.
8.13 Maintenance of Bank Account : The separate Bank Account shall be open jointly in
the name of designated Center Head and Center Co-ordinator in Nationalised Bank.
The receipts & funds must be kept separately and operated by Head and Co-ordinator
only. However, under specific circumstances, the account can be in the joint names of
Designated Head, Co-ordinator and Chairman or Secretary of the host institution,
where any two individual can operate the account. The specific circumstances must be
approved by the Director, School of Agricultural Sciences, YCMOU in writting from
time to time.
8.14 Powers of Head of the Study Center : The designated Head of the Center shall have
full administrative and financial powers to run the Center by following requisite account
procedures. (Purchase upto Rs. 5000 as direct purchase without quotation and maximum
purchase upto Rs. 1,00,000 with minimum three quotations and full powers for payment
of honorarium to staff subject to availability of funds under the account head.
8.15 Responsibility of Head, Co-ordinator & Accountant : The Center Head, Co-ordinator
and Accountant are responsible for maintaining record and register of purchase of goods
and services alongwith Bank Pass Book, Cash Book, Honorarium disbursement Register
and Purchase and Issue Register.
8.16 Period of Expenditure : The funds available for the disposal of Center towards
(i.) Staff honorarium (ii) Center operations and Development Expenditure can be
spend during the academic year from June to May each year. However, there is no
Financial Year End or March End for the funds. The balance funds can be utilised
for the next year for the same purpose of expenditure. However, the funds not
utilised within two successive years shall be refunded back to the YCMOU as
unspent balance, not required for the Center.
8.17 Provision for Teaching Aids : The Center shall provide Rs. 10,000 to each teacher
counsellor based on course requirement, for preparing various teaching aids like
Photographs, Models, Posters, Charts, Laminations, Power Point Presentation, Album,
Herbarium, Specimens, Cards, Labels, C. D., etc to promote teaching and learning
outcomes in their respective program.
8.20 Permission from YCMOU : If Center has to spent/purchase any goods or services,
costing more than Rs.100,000, the necessary written permission must be taken from
The Director, School of Agricultural Sciences, Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open
University, Nashik, with full justification with three quotations & balance available at
center for the intending purchase of goods or services. Failing of which the expenditure
shall be treated as illegal expenditure & shall be re-covered from the Host Institution.
8.21 Annual Statement Of Expenditure (SOE) : The Host Institution must provide physical
& financial statement of utilization of funds for the last two financial years including
current years in the following proforma alongwith the list of items & its actual cost
paid under following 2 Heads of Expenditure.
Year No. of Gross Receipts Headwise Reciept ( Rs.) Headwise Headwise
Students (Center share Expenditure Balance
: Rs.) ( Rs.) (Rs.) *
Last Year Balance ________ -- -- --
1. Honorarium: Rs.___________
---- -- -- 2. Operations: &
Developments: Rs._________
Total -- --
Current Year ____________ -- -- --
1. Honorarium: Rs.___________
---- -- -- 2. Operations: &
Developments: Rs._________
Total -- -- --
Grant
Total -- -- -- 1919
* : Last years balance shall be carry forwarded.
8.22 University Approval to Center Staff : The Center management staff and teacher
counsellors shall be approved by The Director, School of Agricultural Sciences,
YCMOU, Nashik in consultation with the management of Institution. The staff shall
2121
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
7.2 Four Laboratories (Attach Details) :__________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
7.3 Agronomic & Horticulture Farms (Attach Details) : _____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
7.4 Horticulture Nursery & Crop Cafeteria (Attach Details) : _________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
08. Details of Teachers Counsellors available on the Institution & their biodata
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
11. Recent Audit Report / Annual Report to support Academic and Financial Status of
your Organization (Attach Report)
________________________________________________________________________
12. The Intending Agriculture Education Centre infrastructure verification fees of Rs. 20000
for proposed Agriculture Education Centre and Rs. 10000 for Continuation of existing
Agriculture Education Centre (Non refundable even after non recognition / non-
continuation) in the form of Demand Draft in favour of The Finance Officer, YCMOU,
Nashik is enclosed.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2626
2. Date of Evaluation:……………………………………………….......……......……..................
3. Details of Evaluation:
Corresponding Grading :
Cumulative Grading :
1. A Grade (Very Good) : Score More than: 80
2. B Grade (Good) : Score Between 71 to 80
3. C Grade (Average) : Score Between 61 to 70
4. D Grade (Poor) : Score Less than & Equal to 60: (Center to be Closed)
5. New Center : Score More than 60: (Approval for 1 Year)
__________________________________ _______________________________
Name & Signature of Center Co-ordinator, Name & Signature of Coordinator,
Agriculture Education Center SAS, YCMOU, Nashik
3232
__________________________________ _______________________________
Name & Signature of Center Head, Name & Signature of Director
Agriculture Education Center SAS, YCMOU, Nashik
Note : The Dossier of supporting document is enclosed with this evaluation form
3939
4040
01. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
130
Head
02. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Co-ordinator 130
03. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accountant 100
04. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistant 80
05. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peon 60
06. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
07. 1. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2, -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
08 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
09. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@ Rs.1500
B. Sc.(Agriculture/Horticulture) Project Report (Max.3 CS)
Total –
01. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
130
Head
02. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Co-ordinator 130
03. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accountant 100
04. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assistant 80
05. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Peon 60
06. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
07. 1. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
2, -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
08 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
09. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@ Rs.1500
B. Sc.(Agriculture/Horticulture) Project Report (Max.3 CS)
Total –
4545
4646
08. Viva-Voce Examination : Chairman, External Examiner 1500 Per Research Fellow
& Internal Examiner, M. Sc. Programme (Each Expert) + TA/DA
N. B. :1. The External Examiner for M. Sc. & Ph. D. ,Teacher Counsellor, Paper Setter, Paper
Evaluator, Moderator and or Academic Invitee (if any) shall be paid TA/DA as per university
Rules, But maximum upto II tier A.C. Railfare on the submission of Ticket and Ticket
Number with TA bill. At odd places they can be travel by Shared Car / Chartered Car with
prior permission from the Director, School of Agricultural Sciences.
4949
2. The External Examiners invited from outside the Maharashtra for Ph. D. Degree Viva-
Voce Examination are allowed to travel by air, with the prior permission from the Vice-
Chancellor, or the Director, School of Agricultural Sciences, YCMOU, Nashik
3. The Typing, Postage and Miscellaneous Charges, if more than Rs. 500.00, Then the necessary
bill of expenditure shall be enclosed with the bill of Honorarium for the Thesis evaluation.
10. B.Sc. (Agriculture) Project Guide 1:5 Post Graduate in Agricultural Sciences with
5 years working experience & working as
Assistant Professor or Subject Matter
Specialist and above position in College /
University or on equivalent position in
agriculture education and research.
11. B.Sc. (Horticulture) Project Guide 1:5 Post Graduate in Horticultural Sciences with
5 years working experience & working as
Assistant Professor or Subject Matter
Specialist and above position in College /
University or5050
on equivalent position in
agriculture education and research.
12. M.Sc. (Agricultural Extension) 1:3 Ph.D. in Agricultural Extension with 10 Years
Experience in Research and Teaching.
13. Ph.D. (Agricultural Extension) 1:2 Ph.D. in Agricultural Extension with 10 Years
Experience in Research and Teaching...
Total Experience :
Place :
Date : Name & Signature
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hdm_mZ ZH$mem àíZ 2 … {hadm a§J {Xboë`m {d^mJmVrb O{_ZtMm amgm`{ZH$ JwUY_© {bhm.
09. ñH«y$AmJa … àíZ 1 … `m hË`mamMm Cn`moJ H$emgmR>r H$aVmV?
àíZ 2 … `m hË`mamMm Cn`moJ H$moUË`m O{_ZrV H$aVm `oV Zmhr?
10. {haì`m {eam … àíZ 1 … H$moUË`m AÞÐì`mÀ`m H$_VaVo_wio Aer bjUo {XgVmV?
Agbobo {ndiçm àíZ 2 … `m amoJmÀ`m {Z`§ÌUmgmR>r H$moUVr Cnm``moOZm H$amdr?
a§JmMo nmZ
11. {dÚwVdmhH$Vm … àíZ 1 … `m CnH$aUmMm Cn`moJ H$emgmR>r H$aVmV?
_mnZ `§Ì àíZ 2 … `m CnH$aUm_m\©$V H$amd`mÀ`m _moO_mnmMo EH$H$ Úm.
12. H§$nmoñQ> IV$ … àíZ 1 … ho IV V`ma H$aÊ`mgmR>r H$moUVo {OdmUyg§dY©Z dmnaVmV?
àíZ 2 … ho IV V`ma H$aÊ`mÀ`m H$moUË`m nÕVrV H$_r eoU bmJVo?
13. am`Pmo{~`_ … àíZ 1 … `m IVmÀ`m dmnam_wio {nH$m§À`m _wim§da H$moUVm Ñí` n[aUm_ {XgVmo?
IVmMo nmH$sQ> àíZ 2 … ho IV H$moUË`m dJm©Vrb {nH$m§gmR>r dmnaVmV?
14. `w[a`m … àíZ 1 … `m IVm_Yrb ZÌ, ñ\w$aX d nmbme `m AÞKQ>H$m§Mo eoH$S>m à_mU {bhm.
àíZ 2 … `m IVmMm àH$ma {bhm.
5757
15. ^wB©_yJ n|S> … àíZ 1 … ho g|{Ð` IV H$moUË`m {nH$mnmgyZ V`ma H$aVmV?
àíZ 2 … `m g|{Ð` IVm_Ü`o H$moUË`m AÞÐì`mMo à_mU A{YH$ AgVo?
5858
AmgZ àíZnwpñVH$m
H«$_m§H$ AZwH«$_m§H
0054
Z_wZm CÎma : A B C D
6262
6565
6868
7171
1. CÎma n{ÌHo$da {b{hVmZm \$ŠV H$miçm emB©Mm noZ qH$dm ~m°bnoZ dmnamdm. WRONG/MyH$ RIGHT/~amo~a
A P
B C D A B C D
Use Only Black ink Pen or Ball pen for writing on this answer sheet.
2. CXmhaUmV Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo Amho. EH$mnojm OmñV
dVw©io H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
Darken ONLY ONE CIRCLE with black for each answer as shown in the example. If you darken more than
one circle your answer will be treated as wrong and you will be awarded zero mark for that answer.
4. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`m§Mm H$miOrnyd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU ~Xby
ZH$m.
Give a thought to all four options carefully and then encircle the correct answer. Do not change your option.
1. CÎma n{ÌHo$da {b{hVmZm \$ŠV H$miçm emB©Mm noZ qH$dm ~m°bnoZ dmnamdm. WRONG/MyH$ RIGHT/~amo~a
A P
B C D A B C D
Use Only Black ink Pen or Ball pen for writing on this answer sheet.
2. CXmhaUmV Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo Amho. EH$mnojm OmñV
dVw©io H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
Darken ONLY ONE CIRCLE with black for each answer as shown in the example. If you darken more than
one circle your answer will be treated as wrong and you will be awarded zero mark for that answer.
4. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`m§Mm H$miOrnyd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU ~Xby
ZH$m.
Give a thought to all four options carefully and then encircle the correct answer. Do not change your option.
1. CÎma n{ÌHo$da {b{hVmZm \$ŠV H$miçm emB©Mm noZ qH$dm ~m°bnoZ dmnamdm. WRONG/MyH$ RIGHT/~amo~a
A P
B C D A B C D
Use Only Black ink Pen or Ball pen for writing on this answer sheet.
2. CXmhaUmV Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo Amho. EH$mnojm OmñV
dVw©io H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
Darken ONLY ONE CIRCLE with black for each answer as shown in the example. If you darken more than
one circle your answer will be treated as wrong and you will be awarded zero mark for that answer.
4. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`m§Mm H$miOrnyd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU ~Xby
ZH$m.
Give a thought to all four options carefully and then encircle the correct answer. Do not change your option.
1. CÎma n{ÌHo$da {b{hVmZm \$ŠV H$miçm emB©Mm noZ qH$dm ~m°bnoZ dmnamdm. WRONG/MyH$ RIGHT/~amo~a
A P
B C D A B C D
Use Only Black ink Pen or Ball pen for writing on this answer sheet.
2. CXmhaUmV Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo Amho. EH$mnojm OmñV
dVw©io H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
Darken ONLY ONE CIRCLE with black for each answer as shown in the example. If you darken more than
one circle your answer will be treated as wrong and you will be awarded zero mark for that answer.
4. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`m§Mm H$miOrnyd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU ~Xby
ZH$m.
Give a thought to all four options carefully and then encircle the correct answer. Do not change your option.
AmgZ àíZnwpñVH$m
H«$_m§H$ AZwH«$_m§H
0054
{dÚmÏ`mªgmR>r gwMZm
1. CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr narjoV EHw$U Mma {d^mJ AmhoV. {d^mJ n{hbm - H¥${f A{Yð>mZ, {d^mJ Xþgam - \$i~mJm CËnmXZ
nX{dH$m, {d^mJ {Vgam - ^mOrnmbm CËnmXZ nX{dH$m Am{U {d^mJ Mm¡Wm - \w$beoVr d àm§JUCÚmZ nX{dH$m Ago
AmhoV.
2. àdoe narjm hr ~hþn`m©`r àíZ àH$maMr AgyZ Ë`mV EHw$U 200 àíZm§Mm g_mdoe Amho àË`oH$ {d^mJmgmR>r 50 àíZ
AgyZ hr àíZnwpñVH$m gmoS>{dÊ`mgmR>r 2 VmgmMm H$mbmdYr Amho.
3. CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr n[ajoV CÎmrU© hmoÊ`mgmR>r à˶oH$ {d^mJmV {H$‘mZ 60% JwU åhUOoM 50 n¡H$s 30 JwU Am{U
EHw$U 200 JwUm§nH¡ $s 120 JwU àmá H$aUo Amdí¶H$ Amho.
4. Vwåhmbm CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr àdoe n[ajoMr àíZnwpñVH$m {Xë`mda àíZnwpñVHo$À`m daÀ`m ^mJmda Vw_Mm H$m`_ Zm|XUr
H«$_m§H$ d narjm AmgZ H«$_m§H$ gwdmƒ B§J«Or AmH$S>çmV {bhmdm.
5. àË`oH$ {d^mJmZwgma ñdV§Ì CÎmanwpñVH$m AmhoV. àíZnwpñVHo$À`m eodQ>r CÎmanwpñVH$m OmoS>ë`m AgwZ Ë`mda {dÚmÏ`mªZr
`mo½` Ë`m {R>H$mUr _m{hVr {bhmdr. øm CÎmanwpñVHo$da n`©dojH$mMr ñdmjar H$éZ ¿`mdr.
6. àíZnwpñVH$m Vw_À`m CÎmanwpñVHo$gmo~V OerÀ`m Ver naV H$amdr. Ë`m{edm` CÎmanwpñVH$m Vnmgbr OmUma Zmhr.
7. àíZnwpñVHo$da qH$dm AmVrb nmZm§da H$moR>ohr H$mhrhr {bhÿ ZH$m, IwUm H$ê$ ZH$m AWdm ImS>mImoS> H$ê$ ZH$m. VgoM
nwpñVHo$Vrb H$moUVohr nmZ qH$dm Ë`mMm VwH$S>m \$mSy> ZH$m.
8. àíZnwpñVHo$Vrb àíZ dmMm Am{U {Xboë`m Mma n`m©`m§n¡H$s `mo½` d AMwH$ qH$dm gdm}Îm_ n`m©` {ZdS>m. CXmhaUmV
Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo AmhoV. EH$mnojm OmñV dVw©io
H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Am{U Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
9. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`mMm H$miOrnwd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU
~XbVm `oUma Zmhr.
10. Z_wZm àíZ :
Amdim æmm \$iPmS>mMr A{^d¥ÜXr H$moUË`m nÜXVrZo H$amdr ?
A) JwQ>r H$b_ B) S>moim ^aUo C) Xm~ H$b_ D) \$mQ>o H$b_
Z_wZm CÎma : A B C D
B hm CÎmamMm n`m©` ~amo~a Amho.
7676
narjm gwê$ Pmë`mMm Bemam [_imë`mdaM ñQ>onb {nZ CKS>m. àíZ gmoS>{dÊ`mg gwê$dmV H$am. Vwåhmg narúmogmR>r
ew^oÀN>m !
7979
8282
48. Am°pŠgOZ d H$m~©Z S>m`Am°ŠgmB©S>Mo à_mU Ag§Vw{bV H$aUo `m nÜXVrg H$moUVr gmR>dU åhUVmV ?
A) {Z`§{ÌV dmVmdaUmVrb B) n[ad{V©V dmVmdaUmVrb
C) hbŠ`m dmVmdaUmVrb D) W§S> dmVmdaUmVrb
49. H$mT>UrZ§Va ^mOrVrb nmUr H$_r Pmë`m_wio ^mÁ`m gwaHw$VVm, Q>UH$ hmoD$Z dOZ KQ>Vo hm ~Xb H$moUË`m
H$maUm_wio hmoVmo ?
A) n«mH¥${VH$ ~Xb B) O¡{dH$ ~Xb C) em[aarH$ ~Xb D) gwú_O§Vy_wio
8585
8888
1. CÎma n{ÌHo$da {b{hVmZm \$ŠV H$miçm emB©Mm noZ qH$dm ~m°bnoZ dmnamdm. WRONG/MyH$ RIGHT/~amo~a
A P
B C D A B C D
Use Only Black ink Pen or Ball pen for writing on this answer sheet.
2. CXmhaUmV Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo Amho. EH$mnojm OmñV
dVw©io H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
Darken ONLY ONE CIRCLE with black for each answer as shown in the example. If you darken more than
one circle your answer will be treated as wrong and you will be awarded zero mark for that answer.
4. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`m§Mm H$miOrnyd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU ~Xby
ZH$m.
Give a thought to all four options carefully and then encircle the correct answer. Do not change your option.
1. CÎma n{ÌHo$da {b{hVmZm \$ŠV H$miçm emB©Mm noZ qH$dm ~m°bnoZ dmnamdm. WRONG/MyH$ RIGHT/~amo~a
A P
B C D A B C D
Use Only Black ink Pen or Ball pen for writing on this answer sheet.
2. CXmhaUmV Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo Amho. EH$mnojm OmñV
dVw©io H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
Darken ONLY ONE CIRCLE with black for each answer as shown in the example. If you darken more than
one circle your answer will be treated as wrong and you will be awarded zero mark for that answer.
4. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`m§Mm H$miOrnyd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU ~Xby
ZH$m.
Give a thought to all four options carefully and then encircle the correct answer. Do not change your option.
1. CÎma n{ÌHo$da {b{hVmZm \$ŠV H$miçm emB©Mm noZ qH$dm ~m°bnoZ dmnamdm. WRONG/MyH$ RIGHT/~amo~a
A P
B C D A B C D
Use Only Black ink Pen or Ball pen for writing on this answer sheet.
2. CXmhaUmV Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo Amho. EH$mnojm OmñV
dVw©io H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
Darken ONLY ONE CIRCLE with black for each answer as shown in the example. If you darken more than
one circle your answer will be treated as wrong and you will be awarded zero mark for that answer.
4. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`m§Mm H$miOrnyd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU ~Xby
ZH$m.
Give a thought to all four options carefully and then encircle the correct answer. Do not change your option.
1. CÎma n{ÌHo$da {b{hVmZm \$ŠV H$miçm emB©Mm noZ qH$dm ~m°bnoZ dmnamdm. WRONG/MyH$ RIGHT/~amo~a
A P
B C D A B C D
Use Only Black ink Pen or Ball pen for writing on this answer sheet.
2. CXmhaUmV Xe©{dë`mà_mUo àË`oH$ àíZmÀ`m CÎmamgmR>r Mman¡H$s Ho$di EH$ dVw©i H$mio H$amd`mMo Amho. EH$mnojm OmñV
dVw©io H$mir Ho$ë`mg Vo CÎma MyH$ g_OÊ`mV `oB©b Aem CÎmamg eyÝ` JwU XoÊ`mV `oVrb.
Darken ONLY ONE CIRCLE with black for each answer as shown in the example. If you darken more than
one circle your answer will be treated as wrong and you will be awarded zero mark for that answer.
4. {Xboë`m Mmahr n`m©`m§Mm H$miOrnyd©H$ {dMma H$ê$Z AMyH$ n`m©` {ZdS>m. Vwåhr {ZdS>boë`m n`m©`mda Ho$bobr IyU ~Xby
ZH$m.
Give a thought to all four options carefully and then encircle the correct answer. Do not change your option.
Instruction: Attempt Any Four sub questions from each question. Each sub-
question Carries 5 marks.
9595
9696
9898
100100
102102
104104
3. \$moZ/_mo~mB©b Z§~a …
4. {ZdS>bobm {ejUH«$‘ 1. H$moS> Z§~a ( ) d Zmd …
2. H$moS> Z§~a ( ) d Zmd …
3. H$moS> Z§~a ( ) d Zmd …
5. OÝ‘ VmarI …
qbJÖ nwÈf ÒÃr V•Vr`nßWr
6. {ZdS>boë`m {ejUH«$‘mÀ¶m àdoemgmR>r nmÌVm narjoVrb àmá eoH$S>m JwU : __________.________%
7. Amnbm gm‘m{OH$ AmajU g§dJ© (OmVrMm g§dJ©): bmJy Agboë`m Mm¡H$moZmV x IyU H$am.
7.1 AZwgw{MV OmVr/Zd~m¡ÜX (SC) 7.2 AZwgw{MV O‘mVr (ST) 7.3 {d‘wº$ OmVr (VJ-A)
7.4 ^Q>³¶m O‘mVr (NT-B) 7.5 ^Q>³¶m O‘mVr (NT-C) 7.6 ^Q>³¶m O‘mVr (NT-D)
7.7 {deof _mJmg dJu` (SBC) 7.8 BVa ‘mJmgdJu¶ (OBC) 7.09 gd©gmYmaU (Gen/UR)
8. AmnU darbn¡H$s VJ-NT, OBC, SBC `m AmajU dJm©_Ü`o d Am{W©H$ ACÞV CËnÞ JQ>mV (Non Creamy Layer) `oV
AmhmV H$m`? hmo` Zmhr : hmo` Agë`mg à_mUnÌ OmoS106106
>m.
9. Amnbm g_m§Va AmajU àdJ©: bmJy Agboë`m Mm¡H$moZmV x IyU H$am.
9.1 _{hbm (Women) 9.2 àH$ën ~m{YV ì`ŠVr (PAP) 9.3 An§J ì`ŠVr (PH)
9.4 ñdmV§Í` g¡{ZH$m§Mr _wbo (FF) 9.5 AmOr/_mOr g¡{ZH$m§Mr _wbo (DP)
10. eoam …
{R>H$mU :
{XZm§H$ : {dÚm϶m©Mo Zm§d d ñdmjar
Manual for Agriculture Education Center : 106
Annexure 25 : B.Sc. (Agri./Horti) CET Admission Form
dmMm … H¥${f {dkmZ nXdr/CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr àdoe narjm AO© Am°ZbmB©Z ^amdo.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
{nZH$moS> …
H$m`_ Zm|XUr H«$_m§H$ (PRN) …
Amnë`m H¥${f{ejUH|$ÐmMm (gm§Ho$Vm§H$… ) Zmd d nÎmm … ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I Student's Information:
l Name in Full (Surname-First) Self Attested
Photo
Address :
Candidate's Declaration: I hereby declare that the above information and statements made by me are true, complete and correct.
I understand that in the event of any information being found incorrect at any stage or may not satisfying any of the eligibility criteria
stipulated, my admssion is liable to be cancelled.
* Moderation of all the project reports shall be carried out by the Director
of the School or the Expert Nominated by the
Director, in all cases where the candidate secured more than 80% marks.
Date : 109109
(Viva-Voce Expert- Name & Signature)
Name & Address :
Mobile:
2. PRN :
3. Project Title :
4.. Project Checking Instructions- (Instructions regarding content, format, illustration to be given in MARATHI) with
reference to page numbers.
1. nmZ H´$.Ö
2. nmZ H´$.Ö
3. nmZ H´$.Ö
4. nmZ H´$.Ö
5. nmZ H´$.Ö
6. nmZ H´$.Ö
7. nmZ H´$.Ö
8. nmZ H´$.Ö
9. nmZ H´$.Ö
110110
11. nmZ H´$.Ö
H¥${f {dkmZ nXdr/CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr àH$ën V`ma H$ê$Z gmXa H$aÊ`mgmR>r _mJ©Xe©H$ gyMZm
01. {dÚmÏ`mªZr Amnbm àH$ën Ahdmb n[anyU© ñdê$nmV Ë`mdarb ànÌmgh {Xboë`m _wXVr_Ü`o Amnë`m Zm|XUrH¥$V
H¥${f {ejU H|$Ðmda gmXa H$amdm Am{U Ver nmohM nmdVr ¿`mdr.
02. H¥${f {ejU H|$Ðm§Zr _wXVr_Ü`o àmá Pmboë`m gd© àH$ën Ahdmbm§Mr H¥${f {dkmZ Am{U CÚmZ{dÚm Aem XmoZ
`mÚm H$ê$Z XmoZ ñdV§Ì ~§S>b {Xboë`m _wXVr_Ü`o {dÚmnrR>mÀ`m narjm {d^mJ `w{ZQ> - 3 _Ü`o gmXa H$amdrV.
03. _m{hVrnwpñVHo$_Ü`o {Xboë`m _wXVrZ§Va H$moUË`mhr {dÚmÏ`m©Mm àH$ën Ahdmb H$moUË`mhr H|$Ðmda gmXa H$ê$Z KoÊ`mV
`oUma Zmhr `mMr Zm|X KoÊ`mV `mdr, Am{U H$moUË`mhr {dÚmÏ`m©Zo _wXVr_Ü`o AWdm _wXVrZ§Va H$moUVmhr àH$ën
Ahdmb {dÚmnrR>mV S>m`aoŠQ> nmR>dy Z`o, nmR>{dë`mg Aem AhdmbmMr Zm|X KoÊ`mV `oUma Zmhr.
® nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$aÊ`mgmR>r àemgH$s` gyMZm
01. `ed§Vamd MìhmU _hmamï´> _wŠV {dÚmnrR>mMo H¥${f{dkmZ nXdr d CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr ho XmoÝhr nXdr {ejUH«$_ àË`oH$s
160 lo`m§H$m§Mo AgyZ Ë`m§n¡H$s AmnU 128 lo`m§H$mMo H¥${f{dkmZ nXdrgmR>r Amdí`H$ CÚmZ{dÚm nX{dH$m, H¥${f
ì`dgm` ì`dñWmnZ nX{dH$m Am{U H¥${f nÌH$m[aVm nX{dH$m ho VrZ nX{dH$m {ejUH«$_ nyU© Ho$bobo AgUo Amdí`H$
Amho. Va CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr {ejUH«$_mgmR>r Amdí`H$ \$i~mJm nX{dH$m, ^mOrnmbm nX{dH$m Am{U \w$beoVr d àm§JU
CÚmZ ho VrZ nX{dH$m {ejUH«$_ nyU© Ho$bobo AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho.
02. nXdr {ejUH«$_mg àdoe KoVë`mZ§Va nXdr àH$ën V`ma H$aÊ`mgmR>r CX²>~moYZm~m~V H|$Ðm_m\©$V {H$_mZ VrZ
g§nH©$gÌo KoVbr OmVmV. darb VrZhr g§nH©$gÌmg {dÚmÏ`m©Zo CnpñWV amhUo ~§YZH$maH$ Amho. `m gd© g§nH©$gÌmÀ`m
H$mbmdYrV AmnU H|$Ðà_wI / g§`moOH$ , g_§ÌH$ `m§Moer MMm© H$ê$Z nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$aÊ`m{df`r,
{df` d _mJ©Xe©H$ Vk {ZdS>r{df`r, narjm nÜXVr, àH$ën _wë`_mnZ{df`r MMm© H$ê$Z e§H$mg_mYmZ H$ê$Z ¿`mdo.
03. AmnUmg H¥${f{dkmZ nXdr [B.Sc. (Agriculture)] hdr Agë`mg _m{hVr nwpñVHo$Vrb H¥${f{dkmZ nXdr
àH$ën gyMr_Yrb H$moUVmhr EH$ {df` {ZdSy>Z Ë`mda AmYm[aV àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$ê$Z gmXa H$aUo Amdí`H$
Amho. AmnUmg CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr [B.Sc. (Horticulture)] hdr Agë`mg _m{hVr nwpñVHo$Vrb CÚmZ{dÚm
nXdr n«H$ën {df`gyMrVrb H$moUVmhr EH$ {df` KoD$Z Ë`mda AmYmarV àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$ê$Z gmXa H$aUo
Amdí`H$ Amho. EImÚm {dÚmÏ`m©bm {df`gwMr _Ü`o {Xboë`m {df`m{edm` BVa Zm{dÊ`nyU© AWdm H$mbmZwê$n AWdm
`Wmo{MV {df`mda àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$amd`mMm Agë`mg Aem {dÚmÏ`mªZr _mJ©Xe©H$ àmÜ`mnH$m§g_doV MMm© H$ê$Z
àH$ën AhdmcmMo KQ>H$ d CnKQ>H$m§Mr Zmdo {ZpíMV H$ê$Z àH$ën Ahdmc V`ma H$amdm.
04. àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$aÊ`mgmR>r {dÚmÏ`m©Zo {ZdS>boë`m {df`mda gImob dmMZ, _ZZ Am{U doJdoJiçm {R>H$mUr
CXmhaUmW©, H¥${f.-{dÚmnrR>mVrb J«§Wmb`o, H¥${f Am{U \$bmoÚmZ ImVo, ~mJm`VXma g§K, àJ{Verb eoVH$è`m§er MMm©
Am{U AmnU {ZdS>boë`m {df`mer g§~§{YV g§ñWm§Zm Am{U {R>H$mUm§Zm ^oQ>r XoD$Z Ë`m {R>H$mUmhÿZ {ZdS>boë`m
àH$ënm~m~V Z_wZm AmamIS>çm_Ü`o {Xboë`m _wÚmda _m{hVr g§H${bV H$amdr.
05. AmnU àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$aÊ`mgmR>r {ZdS>boë`m {df`m~m~VMo g§X^© J«§W, nwñVHo$, nwpñVH$m, _m{gHo$, KS>rn{ÌH$m,
emgH$s` g§ñWm, godm^mdr g§ñWm§Mo Ahdmb Am{U B§Q>aZoQ>dê$Z S>mD$ZbmoS> Ho$bocr _m{hVr g§H${bV H$ê$Z àH$ën
Ahdmc {c{hÊ`mgmR>r Amnë`m _mJ©Xe©H$ àmÜ`mnH$m§Zm XmIdyZ à_m{UV H$ê$Z ¿`mdr.
06. AmnU CnamoŠV g§H${bV Ho$boë`m _m{hVrÀ`m ómoVm§Mm Cn`moJ H$ê$Z ñdV: g§~§{YV _m{hVrMr Q>mMUo/ZmoQ>g
\w$bñHo$n Zm|Xdhr_Ü`o ñdV:À`m ^mfoV Am{U ñdV:À`m hñVmjamV {bhÿZ H$mT>mdrV Am{U Ë`mMm Cn`moJ àH$ën
111111
AhdmbmMo hñV{b{IV V`ma H$aÊ`mgmR>r H$amdm. g§X^© ómoVmVrb _m{hVrMr OerÀ`m Ver AWdm {H$aH$moi
\o$a\$ma H$ê$Z Z¸$b (H$m°nr) H$ê$ Z`o. AmnU {ZdS>boë`m VÁk _mJ©Xe©H$m§H$Sy>Z g§nyU© àH$ënmÀ`m H$mbmdYrV
{H$_mZ 6 Vo 10 doim Amdí`H$Voà_mUo _mJ©Xe©Z {_idmdo. `mgmR>r AmnU doimodoir Amnë`m VÁk _mJ©Xe©H$mÀ`m
g§nH$m©V amhmdo.
07. Amnbm nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb _yë`_mnZ H$aVmZm Imbrbn¡H$s H$moUË`mhr EH$ AWdm A{YH$ H$maUm§_wio ZmH$mabm
01. àH$ën Ahdmb 100 nmZm§nojm H$_r Am{U 150 nmZm§nojm OmñV AgVm H$m_m Z`o. Agë`mg Agm àH$ën
Ahdmb Vnmgbm OmUma Zmhr. VgoM Amnë`m àH$ën Ahdmb {df`mg AZwgê$Z {dÚmnrR>mZo {d{hV Ho$boë`m
AmamIS>çmZwgmaM V`ma H$amdm.
02. nXdr àH$ën AhdmbmVrb gd© à_mUnÌo {dÚmnrR>mZo {Xboë`m \$m°a_°Q>ZwgmaM XoÊ`mV `mdrV. nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb
V`ma H$aVmZm _amR>r Am{U B§J«Or Aem XmoÝhr àH$maÀ`m boIZmgmR>r nwT>rbn¡H$s H$moUVmhr EH$ 12 nm°B§Q> `w{ZH$moS>
\$m°§Q> (Arial Unicode MS OR DVOT-Surekh OR DVOT-Yogesh){ZdS>mdm d 1.5 bmB©Z ñnog R>odmdr.
03. nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb Q>§H${b{IV H$aVm§Zm gmYmaUnUo EH$m nmZmda 3-4 n°amJ«m\$ AgmdoV. àH$ën Ahdmb
Q>§H${bIrV H$aVmZm (~mB§qS>J Ho$ë`mZ§Va) H$mJXmÀ`m Mmahr ~mOy§Zr {H$_mZ EH$-EH$ B§M OmJm {eëbH$ amhrb Aem
àH$mao Q>§H${b{IV H$amdm. àH$ën AhdmbmVrb gd© nmZm§da AZmdí`H$ OmJm gmoSy> Z`o. gd© nmZm§da nmZ H«$_m§H$
nmZmda ImbÀ`m ~mOyg _Ü`^mJr B§J«Or_Ü`o Z_yX H$amdm. _OHw$amÀ`m XmoÝhr ~mOy EH$m bmB©Z_Ü`o AbmB©Z H$ê$Z
¿`mì`mV. AhdmbmÀ`m gbJ _OHw$am_Yrb XmoZ Amoit_Ü`o XrS> ñnog Am{U 112112
XmoZ n°amJ«m\$ _Ü`o XmoZ ñnog R>odmdr.
04. nXdr àH$ën AhdmbmV \$moQ>m|À`m nmZm§Mr g§»`m OmñVrV OmñV 20 nmZm§n`ªVM (EHw$U àH$ënmÀ`m nmZm§À`m 20%
EdT>r) Agmdr. àH$ën Ahdmbm_Yrb gd© \$moQ>moJ«m\$ ho 4 X 6 B§M gmB©O Am{U a§JrV AgmdoV Am{U Vo nm§T>è`m ew^«
AmQ>© nonada AmS>do {MH$Q>dmdoV. EH$m nmZmda Ho$di XmoZ AmS>do \$moQ>mo ÚmdoV. \$moQ>mÀo `m ImbÀ`m ~mOybm \$moQ>mHo $« _m§H$mgh
_m{hVr {bhmdr. gmYmaUnUo 25-30 \$moQ>moJ«mâg bmdmdoV. {nH$mÀ`m OmVr, {H$S>r, amoJ, VUo, à{H«$`m,A{^d¥ÜXr/~rO
à{H«$`m nÜXVr, nmUrnÜXVr `m gd©M CnKQ>H$mV àË`oH$s {H$_mZ 4-5 \$moQ>mo bmdUo Amdí`H$ Amho.
H¥${f {dkmZ Am{U CÚmZ{dÚm nXdrÀ`m {dÚmÏ`mªZr Amnbm àH$ën _yë`_mnZ Am{U Vm|S>r narjoMm {ZH$mb
{dÚmnrR>mÀ`m do~gmB©Q>da nmhmdm Am{U Ë`mZ§Va nwT>rbn¡H$s Ë`m§Zm bmJy Agbobr H$m`©dmhr H$amdr.
1. AmnU nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb _yë`_mnZ Am{U Vm|S>r narjoV nmg Pmë`mg AmnU _yë`_mnZ Ahdmbm_Ü`o gyM{dboë`m
Xþê$ñË`m H$ê$Z Amnbm àH$ën Ahdmb 4 àVrV .jpeg Format _Yrb \$moQ>mo grS>rgh 1 Vo 30 OyZ `m H$mbmdYr_Ü`o
{dÚmnrR>mV gmXa H$amdm. nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb 30 OyZZ§Va gmXa H$aUmè`m {dÚmÏ`mªZm é.300 + Xa {Xdgmbm
é.10 `mà_mUo {db§~ ewëH$ ^amdo bmJob.
2. AmnU nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb _yë`_mnZ Am{U Vm|S>r narjm `m XmoÝhr_Ü`o Zmnmg Pmë`mg AmnU nwT>rb dfu àH$ën
113113
Ahdmb Zì`mZo V`ma H$ê$Z AWdm Xþê$ñV H$ê$Z {Xboë`m H$mbmdYr_Ü`o Amnë`m H¥${f {ejU H|$Ðmda gmXa H$amdm.
3. AmnU nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb _yë`_mnZm_Ü`o nmg Pmë`mg _mÌ Vm|S>r narjoV Zmnmg Pmë`mg AmnU nwT>rb dfu
nwZn©arjmWu AO© d ewëH$ ^ê$Z Ho$di Vm|S>r narjobm CnpñWV amhmdo.
4. AmnU nXdr àH$ën _yë`_mnZ AhdmbmV Zmnmg Pmë`mg _mÌ Vm|S>r narjoV nmg Pmë`mg AmnU nwT>rb dfu
nwZn©arjmWu AO© d ewëH$ ^ê$Z Amnbm àH$ën Ahdmb {Xboë`m H$mbmdYr_Ü`o Amnë`m H¥${f {ejU H|$Ðmda gmXa
H$amdm. AmnUmg Vm|S>r narjobm nwÝhm CnpñWV amhUo Amdí`H$ Zmhr.
114114
116116
117117
{dÚmÏ`m©Mo {ZdoXZ
_r Ago Omhra H$aVmo H$s, `ed§Vamd MìhmU _hmamï´> _wŠV {dÚmnrR>, Zm{eH$ A§VJ©V H¥${f {dkmZ nXdr
{ejUH«$_mgmR>r `m {df`mdarb àH$ën Ahdmb _r
S>m°./àm./lr. ------------------------`m§Mo _mJ©Xe©ZmImbr nyU© Ho$bm AgyZ gXa àH$ën
Ahdmbm_Ü`o {Xbobr _m{hVr _r ñdV… dmMZ, _ZZ, MMm© Am{U àjoÌ ^oQ>r_YyZ g§H${bV Ho$bobr Amho. nXdr
àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$aVm§Zm H$moUË`mhr àH$m{eV J«§WmVrb, nwñVH$mVrb, AhdmbmVrb AWdm _m{gH$mVrb
_OHw$amMr AWdm N>m`m{MÌm§Mr Z¸$b Ho$bobr ZgwZ gXa J«§WmMo dmMZ _ZZ H$ê$Z gXaMm nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb
_r _mÂ`m ñdV:À`m ^mfoV {bhÿZ nwU© Ho$bm Amho. àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$aVmZm `mo½` Ë`m g§X^©òmoVm§Mm `mo½`
Ë`m {R>H$mUr C{MV Zm_{ZX}e Ho$bobm Amho.
ñWi … --------------
{XZm§H$ … {dÚmÏ`m©Mr ñdmjar, Zmd d g§nyU© nÎmm d \$moZ
ñWi … --------------
{XZm§H$ …
_mJ©Xe©H$ VÁk Zmd, ñdmjar d g§nyU© nÎmm
`m§À`m Vm§{ÌH$ _mJ©Xe©ZmImbr Ho$bm nyU© Ho$bm AgyZ {dÚmnrR>mZo {ZYm©[aV Ho$boë`m {Z`_mZwgma H¥${f {dkmZ
nXdrg àmá Agë¶m~m~VÀ¶m H$mJXnÌm§Mr `mo½` Vr VnmgUr Ho$bobr AgyZ gXaMm {dÚmWu nXdr àH$ën
Ahdmb {dÚmnrR>mg gmXa H$aÊ`mg nmÌ Amho.
H|$Ðg§¶moOH$/H|$Ðà_wI
ghr d {e¸$m, Zm§d, nÎmm d \$moZ
lr./lr_Vr -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
`m§ Z r H¥ $ {f {dkmZ {dÚmemIm, `ed§ V amd MìhmU _hmamï´> _wŠV {dÚmnrR>, Zm{eH$ A§VJ©V
H¥${f {dkmZ nXdr {ejUH«$_mgmR>r -----------------------------------------------------------`m
{df`mdarb àH$ën Ahdmb `eñdr[aË`m nyU© Ho$bm AgyZ `m àH$ën AhdmbmgmR>r Ë`m§Zm
.................% JwU àmá Pmbo AmhoV. `mñVd gXaMm àH$ën Ahdmb H¥${f{dkmZ nXdr à_mUnÌ
àXmZ H$aÊ`mgmR>r _mÝ` H$aÊ`mV Ambm Amho.
119119
n¥ð>H«$_m§H$
l àH$ënmMo Zmd ....................................................................................................... i
l gwédmVrMr à_mUnÌo (2 nmZo) .................................................................................ii
l F$U{ZX©oe (1 nmZ) ..............................................................................................iv
l AZwH«$_{UH$m (1 nmZ) .......................................................................................... v
l VŠË`m§Mr gyMr (1 nmZ) ........................................................................................vi
l AmboIm§Mr gyMr (1 nmZ) ......................................................................................vii
l N>m`m{MÌ/AmH¥$Vr gyMr (1 nmZ) ...........................................................................viii
1. àñVmdZm .......................................................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
2. CÔoe ..........................................................................................................(1-2 nmZo)
3. àH$ën Ahdmb
3.1 CJ_ñWmZ, _hÎd Am{U àgma ..................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.2 joÌ Am{U CËnmXZ..................................................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.3 hdm_mZ Am{U O_rZ ...............................................................................(8-9 nmZo)
3.4 ñWm{ZH$, CÞV Am{U g§H$[aV OmVr ..........................................................(7-8 nmZ)o
3.5 ~rOà{H«$`m/A{^d¥ÜXrÀ`m nÜXVr ..............................................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.6 bmJdS>rMm h§Jm_ Am{U bmJdS> .................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.7 Am§Va_emJV/diU Am{U N>mQ>Ur .............................................................(4-5 nmZo)
3.8 nmUr d IVm§Mo ì`dñWmnZ .....................................................................(8-10 nmZo)o
3.9 Am§Va{nH$m§Mr bmJdS> ..............................................................................(4-5 nmZo)
3.10 {H$S>tMr AmoiI Am{U {Z`§ÌU ..................................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.11 amoJm§Mr AmoiI Am{U {Z`§ÌU ...................................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.12 VUm§Mr AmoiI Am{U {Z`§ÌU ...................................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.13 H$mT>Ur, hmVmiUr Am{U à{H«$`m ..............................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.14 {nH$mMm Am{W©H$ Vmio~§X (CËnmXZ O‘mIM©) ..............................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.15 _mbmMr {dH«$sì`dñWm ..............................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.16 eoVH$è`m§À`m `emoJmWm ({H$_mZ EH$) .........................................................(6-7 nmZo)
4. àH$ën Ahdmb gmam§e .....................................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
5. g§X^©J«§Wm§Mr Zm§do .............................................................................................(1-2 nmZo)
6. _hÎdmMo Vm§{ÌH$ eãX Am{U Ë`m§Mo AW© .............................................................(1 - 2 nmZo)
EHw$U àH$ën Ahdmb ...................................................................................100-150 nmZo
120120
Q>rn… nXdr àH$ën AhdmbmMm {df` {nH$m§da AmYmarV Zgë`mg gXa {df`mMm àH$ën AmamIS>m VWm AZwH$« _{UH$m
hr {dÚmWu Am{U Ë`m§Mo _mJ©Xe©H$ VÁk `m§Zr V`ma H$amdr. àH$ën AmamIS>m AZwH$« _{UH$m _mÝ`VogmR>r {dÚmnrR>mH$S>o
nmR>dy Z`o.
121121
122122
{dÚmÏ`m©Mo {ZdoXZ
_r Ago Omhra H$aVmo H$s, `ed§Vamd MìhmU _hmamï´> _wŠV {dÚmnrR>, Zm{eH$ A§VJ©V CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr
{ejUH«$_mgmR>r `m {df`mdarb àH$ën Ahdmb _r
S>m°./àm./lr. ------------------------`m§Mo _mJ©Xe©ZmImbr nyU© Ho$bm AgyZ gXa àH$ën
Ahdmbm_Ü`o {Xbobr _m{hVr _r ñdV… dmMZ, _ZZ, MMm© Am{U àjoÌ ^oQ>r_YyZ g§H${bV Ho$bobr Amho. nXdr
àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$aVm§Zm H$moUË`mhr àH$m{eV J«§WmVrb, nwñVH$mVrb, AhdmbmVrb AWdm _m{gH$mVrb
_OHw$amMr AWdm N>m`m{MÌm§Mr Z¸$b Ho$bobr ZgwZ gXa J«§WmMo dmMZ _ZZ H$ê$Z gXaMm nXdr àH$ën Ahdmb
_r _mÂ`m ñdV:À`m ^mfoV {bhÿZ nwU© Ho$bm Amho. àH$ën Ahdmb V`ma H$aVmZm `mo½` Ë`m g§X^©òmoVm§Mm `mo½`
Ë`m {R>H$mUr C{MV Zm_{ZX}e Ho$bobm Amho.
ñWi … --------------
{XZm§H$ … {dÚmÏ`m©Mr ñdmjar, Zmd d g§nyU© nÎmm d \$moZ
ñWi … --------------
{XZm§H$ …
_mJ©Xe©H$ VÁk Zmd, ñdmjar d g§nyU© nÎmm
H|$Ðg§¶moOH$/H|$Ðà_wI
ghr d {e¸$m, Zm§d, nÎmm d \$moZ
lr./lr_Vr -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
`m§ Z r H¥ $ {f {dkmZ {dÚmemIm, `ed§ V amd MìhmU _hmamï´> _wŠV {dÚmnrR>, Zm{eH$ A§VJ©V
CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr {ejUH« $ _mgmR> r -----------------------------------------------------------`m
{df`mdarb àH$ën Ahdmb `eñdr[aË`m nyU© Ho$bm AgyZ `m àH$ën AhdmbmgmR>r Ë`m§Zm
.................% JwU àmá Pmbo AmhoV. `mñVd gXaMm àH$ën Ahdmb CÚmZ{dÚm nXdr à_mUnÌ
àXmZ H$aÊ`mgmR>r _mÝ` H$aÊ`mV Ambm Amho.
124124
n¥ð>H«$_m§H$
l àH$ënmMo Zmd ....................................................................................................... i
l gwédmVrMr à_mUnÌo (2 nmZo) .................................................................................ii
l F$U{ZX©oe (1 nmZ) ..............................................................................................iv
l AZwH«$_{UH$m (1 nmZ) .......................................................................................... v
l VŠË`m§Mr gyMr (1 nmZ) ........................................................................................vi
l AmboIm§Mr gyMr (1 nmZ) ......................................................................................vii
l N>m`m{MÌ/AmH¥$Vr gyMr (1 nmZ) ...........................................................................viii
1. àñVmdZm .......................................................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
2. CÔoe ..........................................................................................................(1-2 nmZo)
3. àH$ën Ahdmb
3.1 CJ_ñWmZ, _hÎd Am{U àgma ..................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.2 joÌ Am{U CËnmXZ..................................................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.3 hdm_mZ Am{U O_rZ ...............................................................................(8-9 nmZo)
3.4 ñWm{ZH$, CÞV Am{U g§H$[aV OmVr ..........................................................(7-8 nmZ)o
3.5 ~rOà{H«$`m/A{^d¥ÜXrÀ`m nÜXVr ..............................................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.6 bmJdS>rMm h§Jm_ Am{U bmJdS> .................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.7 Am§Va_emJV/diU Am{U N>mQ>Ur .............................................................(4-5 nmZo)
3.8 nmUr d IVm§Mo ì`dñWmnZ .....................................................................(8-10 nmZo)o
3.9 Am§Va{nH$m§Mr bmJdS> ..............................................................................(4-5 nmZo)
3.10 {H$S>tMr AmoiI Am{U {Z`§ÌU ..................................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.11 amoJm§Mr AmoiI Am{U {Z`§ÌU ...................................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.12 VUm§Mr AmoiI Am{U {Z`§ÌU ...................................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.13 H$mT>Ur, hmVmiUr Am{U à{H«$`m ..............................................................(6-7 nmZo)
3.14 {nH$mMm Am{W©H$ Vmio~§X (CËnmXZ O‘mIM©) ..............................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.15 _mbmMr {dH«$sì`dñWm ..............................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
3.16 eoVH$è`m§À`m `emoJmWm ({H$_mZ EH$) .........................................................(6-7 nmZo)
4. àH$ën Ahdmb gmam§e .....................................................................................(3-4 nmZo)
5. g§X^©J«§Wm§Mr Zm§do .............................................................................................(1-2 nmZo)
6. _hÎdmMo Vm§{ÌH$ eãX Am{U Ë`m§Mo AW© .............................................................(1 - 2 nmZo)
EHw$U àH$ën Ahdmb ...................................................................................100-150 nmZo
125125
Q>rn… nXdr àH$ën AhdmbmMm {df` {nH$m§da AmYmarV Zgë`mg gXa {df`mMm àH$ën AmamIS>m VWm AZwH$« _{UH$m
hr {dÚmWu Am{U Ë`m§Mo _mJ©Xe©H$ VÁk `m§Zr V`ma H$amdr. àH$ën AmamIS>m AZwH$« _{UH$m _mÝ`VogmR>r {dÚmnrR>mH$S>o
nmR>dy Z`o.