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Linguistic Word Formation Guide

The document defines and provides examples of various word formation processes in English, including: - Acronym - using initial letters to form a new word - Clipping - reducing a word to a shorter form - Reduplication - repeating part of a word to form a new word - Onomatopoeia - words that imitate sounds - Derivation - adding affixes to existing words - Blending - combining parts of multiple words - Compounding - combining multiple words - Calque - translating compound words - Coinage - inventing new words - Hypocorism - shortening words affectionately - Eponym - words derived from people's names -

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53 views4 pages

Linguistic Word Formation Guide

The document defines and provides examples of various word formation processes in English, including: - Acronym - using initial letters to form a new word - Clipping - reducing a word to a shorter form - Reduplication - repeating part of a word to form a new word - Onomatopoeia - words that imitate sounds - Derivation - adding affixes to existing words - Blending - combining parts of multiple words - Compounding - combining multiple words - Calque - translating compound words - Coinage - inventing new words - Hypocorism - shortening words affectionately - Eponym - words derived from people's names -

Uploaded by

UYÊN TRẦN NGUYỄN PHƯƠNG
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Name Tran Nguyen Phuong Uyen Number 29

WORD FORMATION PROCESS

ALPHABETISM
An abbreviation that takes the first letter of each word of the base expression (like an
Definition:
acronym) and is pronounced by spelling out each letter.
EU [i: ju:]

Examples: ALT [ei el ti:]

IBM [ai bi: em],

CLIPPING
Definition: The process of reducing a word of more than one syllable to a shorter form
Liz from “Elizabeth”

Examples: Flu from “influenza”

Ad from “advertisement”

REDUPLICATION
Definition: The process of repeating all or part of a form
(“road”) dálan -> plural form: daldálan (“roads”)

Examples: (“life”) bíag -> plural form: bibíag (“lives”)

(“plant”) múla -> plural form: mulmúla (“plants”)


ONOMATOPOEIA
Definition: Words containing sounds similar to the noises they describe
Bang

Examples: Cuckoo

Moo

DERIVATION
Definition: The process of forming new words by adding affixes
Unhappy from happy

Examples: Invisible from visible

Careless from care

ACRONYM
Definition: New words formed from the initial letters of a set of other words
Scuba

Examples: Laser

NASA

BLENDING
The process of combining the beginning of one word and the end of another word to form a
Definition:
new word (
Brunch = breakfast + lunch

Examples: Smog = smoke + fog

Gasohol = gas + alcohol


COMPOUNDING
Definition: The process of combining two (or more) words to form a new word
Bookcase

Examples: Doorknob

Wallpaper

CALQUE
A type of borrowing in which each element of a word is translated into the borrowing
Definition:
language
Computer mouse - “Chuột máy tính” in Vietnamese

Examples: "Flea market" is a loan translation of the French marché aux puces ("market of fleas")

Skyscraper - gratte-ciel (cloud scraper)

COINAGE
Definition: The invention of new words
Google

Examples: Aspirin

Xerox

HYPOCORISMS
A word-formation process in which a longer word is reduced to a shorter form with -y or -ie
Definition:
at the end
Examples: Movie - moving pictures
Hankie - handkerchief

Telly - television

EPONYM
Definition: A word derived from the name of a person or place
Sandwich (from the eighteenth-century Earl of Sandwich who first insisted on having his
bread and meat together while gambling)
Examples:
Fahrenheit

Volt

CONVERSION
The process of changing the function of a word, such as a noun to a verb, as a way of forming
Definition:
new words, also known as “category change” or “functional shift”
We bottled the home-brew last night

Examples: Have you buttered the toast?

Someone has to chair the meeting

BACKFORMATION
The process of reducing a word such as a noun to a shorter version and using it as a new word
Definition:
such as a verb
Babysit from babysitter

Examples: Televise from television

Donate from donation

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