Name: Vu Nguyen Anh Thu Number as in the list: 2
WORD FORMATION PROCESS
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Copy the following formatted table for each of all the processes
ACRONYM
Definition: New words formed from the initial letters of a set of other words
CD (compact disk); VCR (video cassette recorder)
Examples: NATO, NASA, UNESCO
zip (zone improvement plan), radar (radio detecting and ranging)
ALPHABETISM
Definition: An abbreviation which is read letter-by-letter
UN (United Nations), EU (European Union), WTO (World Trade Organization)
Examples: ATM (Automatic Teller Machine), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)
HTML (HyperText Markup Language), CD (compact disk)
CLIPPING
Definition: Shortening a word of more than one syllable
Gas (gasoline), fax (facsimile), flu (influenza), pub (public house)
Examples: Names: Al, Ed, Liz, Beth, Sam, Sue, Tom
Chem (Chemistry), exam (examination), lab (laboratory)
HYPOCORISM
Definition: Reducing a long word to a single syllable, then adding -y or -ie at the end
Movie (moving pictures), barbie (barbecue) , Aussie (Australian),
Examples: Bookie (bookmaker), hankie (handkerchief)
Telly (television), brekky (breakfast)
REDUPLICATION
Definition: New words formed by duplicating or repeating certain sounds
Exact: bye-bye, bling-bling, knock-knock
Examples: Rhyming: chick-flick, teeny-weeny, hocus-pocus, lovey-dovey, walkie-talkie
Ablaut: ding-dong, flip-flop, ping-pong, see-saw, zig-zag
ONOMATOPOEIA
Definition: The formation of a word by imitating a sound made by or associated with its referent.
Cuckoo, meow, roar, howl, buzz
Examples: Crash, smash, bang, honk, boom
Oops, wow, yeah, ouch, haha
CALQUE
Definition: A word-for-word translation from one language to anothe
Adam’s apple, flea market, point of view, forget-me-not (from French)
Examples: Antibody, beer garden, loanword, nostalgia, rainforest (from German)
Wisdom tooth, Milky Way, rest in peace, in a nutshell (from Latin)
COINAGE
Definition: The invention of totally new terms
Aspirin, nylon, vaseline, zipper
Examples: Granola, kleenex, teflon, xerox
Google, ebay
EPONYM
Definition: New words based on the name of a person or a place
Examples: Hoover, spangler
Sandwich, jeans
Fahrenheit, volt, watt
CONVERSION
Definition: A change in the function of a word without any reduction
N->V: Bottle, summer, butter, chair, vacation, impact
Examples: V->N: guess; P.V->N: a printout (printout); C.V->N: wannabe (want to be)
V->A: see-through (see through); A->V: dirty, empty; A->N: crazy, nasty
BACKFORMATION PROCESS
Definition: Reducing a word of one type to form a word of another type
Televise (television), donate (donation), emote (emotion)
Examples: enthuse (enthusiasm), liaise (liaison)
Work (worker), edit (editor), sculpt (sculptor)
DERIVATION
Definition: Adding affixes to an original word to form new words
Unhappy, joyful, careless, boyish, terroris, sadness
Examples: Misrepresent, prejudge
Disrespectful, foolishness
BLENDING
Definition: The combination of the beginning of one word and the end of the other word.
Bit (binary/digit), brunch (breakfast/lunch), motel (motor/hotel)
Examples: Franglais, Spanglish
telex (teleprinter/exchange), modem (modulator/demodulator)
COMPOUNDING
Definition: The joining of two separate words to produce a single form
Examples: Bookcase, doorknob, fingerprint, sunburn, textbook, wallpaper, waterbed
Good-looking, low-paid
Fast-food restaurant, full-time job
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