COMPARE & CONTRAST ESSAY (ASASI TESL UiTM - WRITING ASSIGNMENT)

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
ASASI TESL PROGRAMME
TSL025 – ACADEMIC WRITING
Assignment 2
TITLE: MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELLOR VS.

TRAUMA COUNSELLOR
Name : SITI NUR ALYA MAISARAH BINTI

MOHD SHUKIMAN (2021687868)
Group : T7
Lecturer : NUR NATASHA ELIANA BINTI
ABDUL RAHIM
Submission Date : 29th APRIL 2022

MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELLOR VS. TRAUMA COUNSELLOR
With the complexity of the human brain, it is not surprising that various mental health
professionals with different expertise are needed to provide more insight on our psychology.
One of the most prominent professionals in this field is counsellors and their general
responsibility is to help people solve their personal problems. Out of the eight types of
counsellors, mental health counsellor and trauma counsellor are two of them (Indeed, 2021).
Since they seem to fall under the same category which is mental wellbeing, it may be difficult
to draw a line between them. Therefore, it is necessary for us to compare and contrast these
two counsellors from their job requirement, job scope and treatment approach.
To begin, the requirements needed to be either a mental health counsellor or a trauma

counsellor are similar. Although they focus on different areas, they are still technically
counsellors which means that they need to have a bachelor’s degree in counselling, psychology,
or human services and also a master’s degree in related areas (Best Counselling Degrees, 2022).
Once they have met the education requirements, they will then have to go through a supervised
professional counselling practice for approximately two to three years before being able to be
legally identified as counsellors (Khan, 2021). By doing this, it will measure the counsellor
candidates’ readiness in properly assisting their clients during counselling sessions. For
example, the candidate's communication skills and patience will be evaluated during the
training. Once they have completed this training, they will be given a licence to be an official
counsellor. Thus, it is apparent that both mental health counsellor and trauma counsellor have
identical job requirements.
Despite the similarities in job requirement, the job scope of mental health counsellor
and trauma counsellor is different. Mental health counsellors are responsible for providing
support to patients with mental or emotional health issues, relationship problems and life
struggles in general (Duszynski-Goodman, 2021). They can also help treat some common
mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety, eating disorders and more. On the contrary, trauma
counsellors will help patients process their trauma and foster healthy coping mechanisms in
dealing with it in day-to-day life. To illustrate, in order to heal from the trauma, patients will
be asked to think about their trauma instead of avoiding it. Additionally, trauma counsellors
will focus on curing trauma-related conditions only, such as post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), Acute Stress Disorder (ASD), and second-hand trauma (High Focus Centers, n.d.).
Although mental health counsellors can also treat PTSD, it is most likely that trauma
counsellors have better skills in dealing with trauma patients. Hence, it is clear that mental
health counsellors and trauma counsellors have contrasting job scope.
Furthermore, these two counsellors also differ in their treatment approaches. As stated
by Khan (2021), the types of psychotherapy that are used by mental health counsellors are
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Psychodynamic therapy and Interpersonal therapy.
These treatment procedures mainly encourage patients to understand their own thoughts,
feelings and behaviour which will then allow them to cope and solve their personal problems.
As an example, with the guidance of a mental health counsellor, patients can understand and
manage their anxiety around crowds by controlling their breathing. On the other hand, trauma
counsellors will utilise trauma therapies such as Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) and
Prolonged Exposure (PE) which are great for persuading patients into addressing their trauma
and reflecting on how it has impacted their lives (Gupta, 2021). By doing this, trauma
counsellors will be able to suggest steps to overcome the trauma which will correlate with the
patient’s situation. Consequently, it is obvious that one of the differences between mental
health counsellor and trauma counsellor is their treatment strategy.
In conclusion, the points above have proven that mental health counsellor and trauma
counsellor are similar in job requirements but differ in job scope and treatment approaches. By
acknowledging these aspects, we may have increased our chances of receiving the appropriate
help and treatment whenever we find ourselves struggling with our mental wellbeing.
REFERENCES
Best Counselling Degrees. (20 January, 2022). What Is The Fastest Way to Become a
Licensed Counselor or Therapist? Retrieved from Best Counselling Degrees:
https://www.bestcounselingdegrees.net/careers/fastest-way-to-become-counselor/#
Duszynski-Goodman, L. (25 May, 2021). What Does A Mental Health Counselor Do?
Retrieved from Forbes : https://www.forbes.com/health/mind/what-is-a-mental-
health-counselor/
Gupta, S. (8 August, 2021). What Is Trauma Therapy? Retrieved from Verywell Mind:
https://www.verywellmind.com/trauma-therapy-definition-types-techniques-and-
efficacy-5191413
High Focus Centers. (n.d.). Trauma Disorders: Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment. Retrieved
from High Focus Centers:
https://highfocuscenters.pyramidhealthcarepa.com/about/education-center/trauma-
disorders/
Indeed Editorial Team. (27 May, 2021). 8 Types of Counselors To Know. Retrieved from
Indeed: https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/types-of-counselors
Khan, G. (28 January, 2021). What Is a Mental Health Counselor? Plus Where You Can Find
One. Retrieved from Healthline: https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-
health/mental-health-counselors
APPENDICES
QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSES
Questionnaire Link: https://forms.gle/x7S7si5xfBjJZypW6
Editor Link: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1-
2nljfpqDZbmIWqANexX2jQUXpt_MqA8cqPtqRfgp9U/edit?usp=sharing
(Total Responses: 11)

DIFFERENCES SIMILARITIES
Mental health concludes various types of They both a counsellor involving non-
mental health, but trauma counsellor physical disabilities.
specifically for patients with trauma and
maybe there are certain approach on how
they undergo the treatments.
Mental health counsellor might associate to Both are mainly about helping one to cope
variety mental sicknesses whereas a trauma with emotions
counsellor is specialised in helping the
patients that have to deal something
traumatic in his/her past. For example,
mental health counsellor might help a
person with anxiety to deal with the stress,
and as for trauma counsellor, the patients
who might have traumatic symptoms such
as depression as a result of their pasts
whether they are being neglected or even
get abused.
In my opinion, I think mental health Both counsellor handle patients that have
counselor mostly provides support to those emotional or spiritual problem not those
that are experiencing mental or emotional with physical health problem.
distress such as anxiety, depression or
psychosis. But they might not be applicable
for those that experience traumatic
experience or phobia. They can help but not
in full support. So this condition is suitable
for trauma counsellor to help. As they are
experts in this field.
Trauma counsellor explores your emotional Both of them will help people to cope with
and physical reactions to the event, and find their problems
ways of helping you to process what has
happened to you, and cope with any
reactions that you may be having, so that the
trauma moves from being a current
problem, to a memory. Mental health
counsellor helps treat mental health
conditions and other sources of distress,
such as relationship problems or
bereavement.
Their scope of job whereby a mental health Both need a master's degree. Both need
counselor focuses on engaging with their license. Both might share the same skills.
client regarding on their state of mental
health meanwhile a trauma counselor
expertise in handling patient's trauma. They
also works at different places. Mental health
counselor can work as a counselor at
schools, prisons, hospitals or at a private
organization. Trauma health counselor
usually works at rehabilitation facilities or
outpatient facilities. At educational
institutions, they work as lecturers that teach
the subjects related to mental health and
trauma. Their working style might differ too
as they need to engage with different type of
illness
Mental health counselor coach patients who They hold no judgements towards their
have mental health issues such as patients and they help patients communicate
depression and anxiety to find the light in a with their problems.
dark tunnel. While trauma counselor helps
patients who experienced trauma overcome
their trauma.
A mental health counsellor mainly focus to Both mental health counsellor and trauma
help people who have mental and emotional counsellor are the one who offers
health disorder, or people who encounter counselling session or therapy.
with relationship issues. Meanwhile, trauma
counsellor usually will help people analyse
what happened to the person and explore
person's emotion and physical reaction to
the event.
1. Mental Health Counselor-Adress issue in Help people regaining emotional balance.

a less depth manner.
2. Trauma counselor-Adress issue in a very
deep manners
A mental health counsellor treat people that Both of the counsellor is an expertise in
have depression, anger issues or suicidal their psychological field and they need to
thoughts. It treats the mental health have intense training and studying before
problems that cannot be seen physically. A becoming one.
trauma counsellor treats people that have
either mental health issues or physical
effects due to traumatic event.
Mental health counsellor focus more on Mental health cousellor and a trauma
understanding their patient's emotions and counsellor both serve the purpose to help
feelings in order for both to talk heart to their patients to get better in terms of their
heart comfortably. However, a trauma condition be it emitionally and mentally.
counsellor helps their patients to identify the
traumatic events in life and how they could
slowly recover from those.
A mental health counselor assesses and Both mental health counsellor and a trauma
treats mental and emotional health counsellor are designated to help people
disorders, relationship issues and life struggling with their emotional health.
challenges while a trauma counselor is a
therapist who specializes in treating patients
who experience instances of traumatic
events.
ANNOTATED ARTICLES
Links in Order:
1. https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/types-of-counselors
2. https://www.bestcounselingdegrees.net/careers/fastest-way-to-become-counselor/#
3. https://www.verywellmind.com/trauma-therapy-definition-types-techniques-and-
efficacy-5191413
4. https://highfocuscenters.pyramidhealthcarepa.com/about/education-center/trauma-
disorders/
5. https://www.forbes.com/health/mind/what-is-a-mental-health-counselor/
6. https://www.healthline.com/health/mental-health/mental-health-counselors#takeaway
4/29/22, 1:35 PM 8 Types of Counselors To Know | Indeed.com
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Finding a Job 8 Types of Counselors To Know
8 Types of Counselors To Know

By Indeed Editorial Team
May 27, 2021
Counselors are professionals whose remain responsibility is typically to help others.

There are many different types of counselors who operate in a variety of industries,
which means that there are several career paths to choose from if you're interested in
becoming a counselor. Working as a counselor might be ideal for you if you want to help
people in need through your job or if you have excellent communication and
interpersonal skills. In this article, we consider what a counselor is and explore a list of
eight types of counselors and what they do.
What is a counselor?
A counselor is a professional who offers guidance to clients about areas of their life they
hope to improve. Counselors can work with individuals, families or other groups and can
help their clients navigate a wide variety of circumstances, depending on the area they
specialize in. Many counselors use similar processes that involve assessing their clients'
needs, establishing goals and plans for achieving them and monitoring client progress to
determine what next steps might be most beneficial.
Some counselors who specialize in fields related to mental health might also guide their
clients through therapy or therapeutic exercises and refer them to specialists when
necessary.
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Related: How To Become a Counselor
8 types of counselors
Here are eight different types of counselors:
1. Guidance counselor
Guidance counselors typically work in schools and provide support to students
throughout the school year. This can involve meeting with students, parents and school
staff to evaluate student progress, helping students choose their classes and offering
emotional support to students during challenging circumstances. While certification is
often optional for guidance counselors, many apply for certification in different areas of
counseling, such as the Bullying Prevention Specialist certification or the Students with
Special Needs Specialist certification. Here are a few topics that a guidance counselor
might address:
Abnormal behavior
Academic progress
Compliance to school regulations
Planning for college
Searching for jobs
Related: What Is a Guidance Counselor?
2. Mental health counselor

Mental health counselors specialize in providing support to clients who experience
mental health disorders and conditions that can affect their daily lives. Many mental
health counselors use therapeutic practices and activities to help their clients navigate
challenges and develop healthy routines that can improve the way they live. There are a
few different choices for certification for mental health counselors, but one common
option is the Certified Clinical Mental Health Counselor (CCMHC) certificate from the
National Board for Certified Counselors. Here are some responsibilities mental health
counselors can have:
Diagnosing mental health disorders
Creating plans for treatment
Identifying behaviors that need improvement
Researching a client's social surroundings
Referring specialists when necessary
Related: Careers for Mental Health Counselors
3. Adoption counselor
An adoption counselor helps to support children who are going through the adoption
process. They do this by communicating with birth parents, foster families and adoptive
parents to find the best possible placements for children in the foster care system. While
certification is often optional for adoption counselors, it can be common for them to
complete certificate programs like Training for Adoption Competency (TAC) to gain more
expertise and knowledge about how to contribute to the adoption process effectively.
Here are some tasks that an adoption counselor might perform:
Interview potential adoptive parents
Facilitate meetings between children and potential adoptive parents
Monitor children's conditions in foster homes to ensure their safety
Keep detailed records of children's medical and adoption history
Unite adoptees with birth parents
4. Speech therapist
A speech therapist helps clients who experience challenges with speech and who have
language or swallowing disorders. They can also work with clients who have medical
conditions resulting from events like surgery, brain injury and other types of accidents.
Speech therapists can lead clients through speech exercises, create plans for therapy and
monitor their progress. Most speech therapists gain certification to highlight their
credentials, and many pursue the Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language
Pathology (CCC-SLP). Here are some areas that a speech therapist might support clients
in:
Controlling vocal cords and breathing
Regaining abilities to swallow and speak aloud
Reducing the effect of a stutter
Living with speech and language disorders
Modifying accents
5. Trauma counselor
Trauma counselors specialize in helping clients who experience traumatic events that
can impact their physical or emotional wellbeing. This can involve supporting customers
as they process traumatic events, providing therapy and creating plans for treatment. As
mental health professionals, most trauma counselors earn certification to enhance their
credentials, like the Certified Clinical Trauma Professional (CCTP) certificate. Here are
some responsibilities that a trauma counselor might have:
Assessing clients' needs through discussion and observation
Developing therapeutic methods for treatment
Referring clients to specialists
Using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
Related: How To Become a Trauma Counselor
6. Marriage counselor
A marriage counselor primarily works with married couples to help them navigate
challenges they experience within their marriage. This typically involves observing how
couples behave and interact with each other and additional members of the family to
identify areas they might be able to improve to create a happier, healthier life at home.
Many marriage counselors pursue a graduate degree and certification, such as the
Certificate in Couple and Family Counseling (CFC), before they enter the field. Here are a
few subjects that a marriage counselor might discuss with their clients:
Mental health conditions
Family goals
Fidelity
Challenges with communication
Domestic violence
Fertility
7. Rehabilitation counselor
Rehabilitation counselors specialize in working with people who have disabilities that can
affect their ability to complete certain tasks. Some rehabilitation counselors focus on
clients with a specific disability, such as blindness, spinal cord industry or psychiatric
disability. Most rehabilitation counselors pursue the Certified Rehabilitation Counselor
(CRC) certification after they complete their education, as the program provides training
in how to support people with different types of disabilities. Here are some areas that a
rehabilitation counselor can help their clients with:
Finding a job
Regaining mobility
Learning to perform daily tasks
Completing job training programs
Developing routines to promote a healthy lifestyle
Related: How To Become a Rehabilitation Counselor
8. Admissions counselor
An admissions counselor typically works for a particular college or university and
provides support to students who are applying to their institution. Much of an
admissions counselor's job can involve meeting with students and helping them
determine whether a certain college might be the best fit for them. While certification is
often optional for admissions counselors, it can be common for admissions counselors
to pursue certification anyway to strengthen their credentials. One certification that
many admissions counselors obtain is the College Admission Counseling and Career
Guidance certificate. Here are a few duties that an admissions counselor might perform:
Recruit new students.
Conduct interviews with students who might be interested in their college.
Develop new recruitment procedures.
Take part in admission decisions.
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SEARCH PROGRAMS
Becoming a therapist requires specific educational and licensing

components. Our guide provides information on the fastest way to
become a counselor or therapist. Candidates can begin the process by
earning a bachelor’s degree in counseling or psychology.
After earning a bachelor’s degree, prospective counselors can advance

into a master’s program.
To practice as a counselor or therapist, professionals must earn a

license in their area of practice. Licensing requirements differ depending
on the state, so this guide outlines some common processes and
criteria for candidates to qualify.
Read on for information on bachelor’s and master’s programs in the

discipline, including program length, course topics, and credit
requirements.
Discover What Matters
Counseling vs. Therapy | Requirements | Careers | FAQs
The Differences Between Counseling and Therapy
Psychologist, counselor, and therapist — these three terms are often

used interchangeably. For the average client, though, each of these
professionals provides much the same service. As professions, however,
they can vary widely in requirements and opportunities.
Psychologists, also called psychotherapists, typically hold a doctoral

degree. These professionals serve people facing serious mental or
emotional challenges, and they often work in tandem with psychiatrists.
In some states, psychologists may prescribe medications after
completing additional training.
Counselors, sometimes called marriage and family therapists, usually

hold a master’s degree and help clients with relational, behavioral, and
emotional issues.
A counseling degree often takes 2-3 years, while a doctorate in

psychology typically takes 5-6 years. Becoming a counselor can fast-
track a career in mental health.
Comparing Counselors to Therapists
Education
COUNSELOR Counselors typically hold a master’s degree in

counseling, marriage and family therapy,
pastoral counseling, or a related field.
THERAPIST Psychotherapists usually need a doctorate in

psychology or counseling.
Qualifications
COUNSELOR Most counselors need about 600 hours of

supervised practical experience after
completing a master’s degree.
THERAPIST Psychotherapists often have to complete at

least 1,500 hours of supervised work experience
in a clinical setting.
Licensure
COUNSELOR A counselor earns state licensure either as a

counselor or as a marriage and family therapist.
THERAPIST A psychotherapist typically earns a license as a

psychologist.
Service Provision
COUNSELOR Counselors often meet with people who have

problems with behavior, addiction,
relationships, and careers.
THERAPIST Psychotherapists see clients like counselors do,

but they often deal with more severe and
entrenched mental health issues.
What is
psychotherapy?
What Degrees Do You Need to Be a Counselor or

Therapist?
The path to becoming a licensed therapist or counselor starts with

earning a degree in counseling, psychology, or human services. A
counselor usually needs a master’s degree, and a psychotherapist
typically needs a doctorate.
Some students may want to accelerate their career paths. Aspiring

counselors who already hold a bachelor’s degree might choose to earn a
master’s degree and get licensed as a counselor. Prospective students
without a degree, however, may want to pursue a bachelor’s degree in a
related field.
The path to becoming a licensed therapist or counselor starts with earning a

degree in counseling, psychology, or human services.
Interested students should carefully consider their career ambitions.

Some accelerated counseling degrees lead to licensure, but many do
not.
F E AT U R E D M A S T E R ' S I N
COUNSELING PROGRAMS
Undergraduate Counseling Degree
Bachelor’s programs feature different course offerings, admission

requirements, and structures, but learners can expect to encounter
some similarities. Degree-seekers typically satisfy their bachelor’s
requirements within four years of full-time study.
Bachelor’s programs typically comprise 120 credits. Coursework includes

research methods in psychology, personality and social processes, and
scientific reasoning in psychology. Many institutions offer flexible online
formats that allow learners to continue working while earning a degree.
A professional who holds a bachelor’s degree can pursue entry-level

counseling and therapy roles. Completing an undergraduate program
also prepares degree-seekers to advance into master’s-level education.
F E AT U R E D B A C H E LO R ' S I N
COUNSELING PROGRAMS
Graduate Counseling Degree
Candidates who want to advance their education and expand their

career opportunities can pursue master’s in counseling programs. At the
graduate level, learners typically enroll in concentrations or
specializations to align their degrees with their personal interests and
career goals. Common specializations include school counseling,
marriage and family therapy, plus addictions counseling.
In addition to coursework, master’s programs typically feature clinical

components to provide degree-seekers with practical training through
practicums or internships. Coursework includes theories of counseling

and psychotherapy, ethics and legal issues in counseling, and
assessment of counseling. Learners typically complete master’s
programs in about two years of full-time study.
Some schools offer online counseling degrees with accelerated tracks

that enable enrollees to take more credits during each semester to
graduate sooner. Graduates can then explore licensing opportunities to
practice as counselors or therapists working with specific patient
populations.
F E AT U R E D D O C TO R AT E I N
COUNSELING PROGRAMS
Read more about

master's in
counseling programs
Requirements to Become a Licensed Counselor or

Therapist
Candidates interested in becoming licensed therapists should explore

the licensing requirements in their state. Before they can earn their
licenses, each individual must earn a master’s degree in counseling,
psychology, or therapy.
Licensure usually requires each candidate to satisfy a minimum of 1,500

hours of professional counseling experience under the supervision of a
licensed counselor or therapist. Once an applicant meets the
educational and experience requirements, they can complete and pass
a licensing exam to earn their desired credential.
Specific licensing requirements differ from state to state. Earning a

license to practice as a counselor or therapist typically takes about 5-7
years.
Requirements to Become a Certified Counselor or Therapist
Private organizations offer certification while public agencies provide

licensure. Certification recognizes that a counseling professional has
voluntarily met or exceeded high standards in the industry. Licensure,
however, means the professional can legally identify as a counselor,
therapist, or psychologist.
A counselor or therapist can hold certification from a variety of

international, national, and state boards, depending on their specialty.
Laws for licensure vary from state to state, but certification standards
depend on the organization. Aspiring professionals who want to fast
track their entry into the field can pursue jobs as nonprofit program
managers or entry-level, direct-service social workers.
Choosing a Specialization
Counseling Careers
and Professional
Certifications
Quick Career Options for Counselors and Therapists
Typically, psychologists need doctorates, and counselors need master’s

degrees. Other professionals in mental health fields, however, can get
started in entry-level roles with an appropriate undergraduate degree.
Consider the options listed below:
Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment

Specialists
Probation officers provide rehabilitation services to people serving

sentences on probation or parole. These professionals create and
monitor treatment plans for people once they leave jail or prison.
Typically, probation and parole officers need a bachelor’s degree in
criminal justice or a related field rather than a mental health
counselor degree.
Required Education: Bachelor’s degree | Job Outlook (2019-29): +4%

| Median Annual Salary: $55,690
Social and Community Service Managers
Social and community service managers coordinate and manage

programs that promote public welfare. In this role, professionals may
identify the need for new programs, improve existing services in a
neighborhood, or collect data to assess the effectiveness of current
initiatives. Although this profession generally requires a bachelor’s
degree, it does not demand a counseling degree.

Social Workers
Social workers help people solve everyday problems such as finding

food or shelter, accessing healthcare, or dealing with an emergency.
These professionals may work for a school, hospital, or public
agency. Social workers need a master’s degree in social work to
provide clinical care, but people with an undergraduate degree may
offer direct service provision.
Required Education: Bachelor’s required; master’s degree required

for licensure | Job Outlook (2019-29): +13% | Median Annual Salary:
$51,760
Addiction Counselors
Addiction counselors specialize in helping people who are dealing

with alcoholism or substance abuse. This profession continues to
grow rapidly as more people seek help for addiction and more judges
weigh counseling over jail time as a solution for addiction. Becoming
an addiction counselor usually requires a graduate or undergraduate
counseling degree.
Required Education: Bachelor’s degree | Job Outlook (2019-29):

+25% | Median Annual Salary: $47,660
Recreational Therapists
Recreational therapists direct recreational programs for people with

disabilities or those recovering from injuries. This profession requires
a bachelor’s degree. Recreational therapists often need to hold a
certified therapeutic recreation specialist credential. More advanced
positions may require certification in a specific technique or area of
practice.

How do I become an
online counselor?
Frequently Asked Questions
COLLAPSE ALL EXPAND ALL
What degree do you need to be a counselor or therapist?
How do you become a licensed counselor or therapist?

4/29/22, 1:38 PM Trauma Therapy: Definition, Types, Techniques, and Efficacy
PSYCHOTHERAPY
What Is Trauma Therapy?

By
Sanjana Gupta
Updated on August 08, 2021

Medically reviewed
by
Daniel B. Block, MD
Martinns/E+/Getty
Table of Contents
Types of Trauma Therapy
Techniques
What Trauma Therapy Can Help With
Benefits of Trauma Therapy
VIEW ALL
https://www.verywellmind.com/trauma-therapy-definition-types-techniques-and-efficacy-5191413 1/15
Information presented in this article may be triggering to some

people. If you are having suicidal thoughts, contact the National
Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255 for support and
assistance from a trained counselor. If you or a loved one are in
immediate danger, call 911.
For more mental health resources, see our National Helpline

Database.

Trauma therapy is a form of therapy that can help you deal with the
emotional response caused by a traumatic event.
"Over 50% of people experience at least one trauma in their lives. [1]
Trauma can include a wide range of situations, ranging from serious
injury, sexual violence, and life-threatening events, to chronic abuse and
neglect, being bullied, and homelessness," says Kelly Workman, PsyD, a
psychologist at Columbia University Medical Center who specializes in
treating trauma.
“ While not all trauma survivors experience

long-term negative consequences, we know
that the experience of trauma can profoundly
affect someone’s psychological, social,
physical, occupational, and financial
functioning.”
— KELLY WORKMAN, PSYD
This form of therapy can help you if you are unable to cope with the
trauma you experienced, or if it’s affecting your ability to function.
Press Play for Advice On Healing From Trauma

Hosted by Editor-in-Chief and therapist Amy Morin, LCSW, this
episode of The Verywell Mind Podcast, featuring Kati Morton, LMFT,
shares how to heal from trauma. Click below to listen now.
The Verywell Mind Podcast with Amy Morin

112 How to Heal From Trauma with Licensed Marriage and Family
Follow Now: Apple Podcasts / Spotify / Google Podcasts / RSS
Types of Trauma Therapy

There are multiple types of therapy that can help treat trauma. Workman
lists some of the forms of therapy a mental health practitioner may use to
help you overcome trauma-related issues and treat post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD):
Prolonged exposure (PE): This form of therapy involves exposing you to

the source of your fear, until you are not afraid of it anymore.
Cognitive processing therapy (CPT): CPT involves challenging your
perspective about why the traumatic event occurred and the thoughts and
beliefs you’ve developed since. This form of therapy can be performed in
an individual or group setting.
Trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (TF-CBT): This form of
therapy is for children and adolescents. It can help address inaccurate
beliefs and unhealthy behavior patterns.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): This form of
treatment involves using rhythmic left-right (bilateral) stimulation to
help release emotions that have been blocked by trauma.
PE and CPT are the front-line treatments for trauma as they have the
most research evidence demonstrating their effectiveness, according to
Workman.
“Both treatments can be completed in three to four months, which is

relatively brief compared to the length of time some people endure
immense suffering due to experiencing trauma,” says Workman. She
notes that both treatments work well in-person as well as online.
According to Workman, an advantage of CPT is that it can be conducted

with or without a description of the actual trauma, which can be helpful if
you don't remember the trauma or don't want to talk about it.
Moreover, Workman says TF-CBT and EMDR can also help reduce PTSD
symptoms, which can lead to improvements in overall functioning and
quality of life.
Techniques
The techniques used to treat trauma can vary depending on the type of
therapy. Workman outlines some techniques your therapist might employ.
Imaginal exposure: This is an exposure technique where you imagine the

trauma and describe it out loud to your therapist. If you have been
avoiding thoughts or memories related to the trauma you faced, this
technique helps you confront it.
In vivo exposure: This is also an exposure therapy technique. It occurs
outside the therapy session, in real-life situations. It is intended to help
you gradually approach day-to-day situations you may avoid because of
the trauma associated with them.
Written account: Your therapist may ask you to write a descriptive account
of the trauma you have experienced.
Impact statement: A common CPT technique is writing an impact
statement that explains why you believe the traumatic event occurred and
the impact it has had on your life.
Cognitive restructuring strategies: CPT can also involve cognitive
restructuring strategies that help you change unhelpful thoughts into
more helpful thoughts.
Related:
What Grounding Techniques Can You Use for PTSD?
What Trauma Therapy Can Help With

Trauma therapy can help you cope with trauma, whether it’s caused by a
one-time event, or an ongoing or long-lasting situation.
These are some common forms of trauma that therapy can address;
however it’s important to note that trauma can include any event or
experience that causes emotional or psychological harm.
Abuse
Abandonment
Accidents
Bullying
Crime
Death of a loved one
Divorce
Domestic abuse or violence
Homelessness
Illness
Imprisonment
Injury
Job loss
Life-threatening circumstances
Natural disasters
Near death experience
Neglect
Racism
Sexual assault
Terrorism
Violence
Witnessing an accident, death, or traumatic situation
“People from minoritized backgrounds such as BIPOC may also

experience historical trauma, from events such as slavery and
colonization, as well as intergenerational trauma, which is when the
effects of trauma are passed down from one generation to the next,”
says Workman.
Benefits of Trauma Therapy

Trauma therapy can help you address the traumatic event and process
your feelings and emotions. [2] It can give you the opportunity to face your
fears in a safe space and learn coping skills that can help you function on
a day-to-day basis.
Reduce Fear and Avoidance

Trauma can instill fear and cause you to avoid people, places, or things
that remind you of the traumatic experience, which can make it difficult
for you to function. For instance, a person who was involved in a car
accident on a freeway may avoid driving on freeways or be afraid to get
into a car at all, says Workman.
Workman says therapy can help you confront the trauma memory and
overcome your fears.
Improve Coping Skills

“PTSD and trauma-related issues are maintained by problematic beliefs
such as ‘I’m incapable of coping with this,’” says Workman. Trauma
therapy can help equip you with the confidence and coping skills you need
to function.
Build Trust
Traumatic events can disrupt your sense of safety and make it difficult for
you to trust others.
With therapy, someone who developed the belief “It’s not safe to trust
anyone” may learn to start thinking “Even though I was hurt in the past,
most people are good and trustworthy and it’s okay to give people a
chance,” says Workman.
Challenge Problematic Beliefs
Therapy can help challenge problematic thought patterns you may have
developed about yourself and the world around you, to help you make
sense of why the traumatic event occurred, says Workman.
For instance, Workman says someone who started to believe “I must be a

bad person because bad things shouldn’t happen to good people” may
instead learn to think “Sometimes bad things happen to good people who
did nothing to cause it. I am still a good person even if something bad
happened to me.”
Therapy can help disconfirm problematic beliefs, help you develop a new
perspective about the traumatic experience, and reduce the intensity of
trauma-related emotions such as shame and guilt, says Workman.
Offer Validation
People who have experienced trauma and have repeatedly been told that
their experiences, characteristics, or emotional reactions are unreasonable
and unacceptable may suffer further and develop chronic difficulties, says
Workman. She says an example would be being blamed or verbally abused
after disclosing a trauma.
Therapy can help validate your experiences and offer the understanding
and acceptance you need to start healing.
Effectiveness
According to a 2018 study, there is a substantial amount of evidence that
trauma-focused therapies like PE, CPT, and CBT that address memories,
thoughts, and feelings related to a traumatic event are effectively able to
treat PTSD. [2]
A 2017 study found that veterans who participated in trauma management

therapy saw a significant reduction in PTSD symptoms like anger, guilt,
depression, difficulty sleeping, and social isolation. These benefits were
sustained even six months after the treatment was completed. [3]
Things to Consider
According to Workman, a trauma therapist may consider several factors
when assessing your readiness for trauma therapy, which can include:
Commitment level: It is essential to have a strong commitment to

complete the treatment from start to finish because stopping the
treatment midway can actually increase PTSD symptoms and cause the
person to become more entrenched in trauma-related beliefs and
avoidance.
Suicide risk: The person should have had no suicide attempts or self-harm
incidents in the past two months. For individuals at high risk of suicide or
self-harm, PE can be delivered in combination with Dialectical Behavior
Therapy (DBT). Since safety is a top priority, DBT would first be used to
address any suicidal or self-harm inclinations before beginning the
trauma part of treatment.
Coping skills: The person will need coping skills to complete exposure
therapy safely and effectively. Coping skills are necessary for managing
intense emotions without relying on emotional suppression and behaviors
such as substance use or going to bed for the rest of the day.
Related:
What Does It Mean to Be Triggered?
How to Get Started

If you have experienced some form of trauma and want to seek treatment
for it, look for a therapist, psychologist, or psychiatrist who specializes in
this form of therapy.
If you are already seeing a mental healthcare provider for your symptoms,
they may be able to refer you to a specialist. If you are a veteran, there are
local and national organizations that offer therapy and resources for
trauma and PTSD.
For BIPOC and LGBTQ+ folks, Workman says it is important to work

with a therapist who is well-versed on the effects of discrimination,
oppression, and inequality and can demonstrate competence in
discussing racism, racial trauma, cultural issues, and historical and
intergenerational trauma.
When you reach out to a practitioner who specializes in trauma treatment,

in addition to asking for details of your medication, medical history, and
insurance plan, they may also assess you to determine whether trauma
therapy is appropriate for you at the moment and which form of
treatment would work best.
You can work with your mental healthcare provider to decide the goals of
therapy and work out a treatment plan accordingly.
A Word From Verywell

It is normal to experience emotions like shock and denial if you have
experienced or witnessed something terrible. You may also have
headaches, nausea, flashbacks, and unpredictable emotions. [4]
However, if you are unable to cope with the symptoms you’re

experiencing, or if they are interfering with your ability to function on a
day-to-day basis, trauma therapy can help.
4/29/22, 1:38 PM Types of Trauma Disorders | High Focus Centers
Careers (877) 762-0929
About Admissions Teletherapy Programs Locations Get Help
Trauma Disorders: Signs,

Symptoms, and Treatment
People who experience a highly stressful event may have trouble returning to a normal state of mind
afterwards. In some cases, they develop a mental health disorder related to the experience. This is About Us
known as a trauma disorder, and there are 7 different types:
Video
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Client Testimonials
Acute Stress Disorder (ASD)
Secondhand Trauma History/Leadership
Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)
Treatment Partners
Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED)
Adjustment Disorders Recovery Beach Bash
Other and Unspecified Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Careers
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

(PTSD)
PTSD is one of the most well-known trauma disorders. It’s estimated to affect around 8 million U.S.
adults in a given year. Individuals develop PTSD following a traumatic event. While it’s common
for initial symptoms to begin in the days following a traumatic event, symptoms can even begin to
surface months later. Symptoms can be grouped into four categories:
Intrusive thoughts about the event, including nightmares and flashbacks

Avoidance of anything that reminds you of the trauma
Behavioral changes such as insomnia, withdrawing from loved ones, and engaging in
reckless or self-destructive behaviors CALL NOW
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Cognitive disturbances like irritability, negative thoughts about self or others, and
fear/paranoia
In order to receive a PTSD diagnosis, you must experience a certain number of symptoms from each
category for over one month.
Learn more about the signs, symptoms, and treatment for PTSD
Complex PTSD
When individuals are exposed to repeated or prolonged trauma, such as childhood abuse, they
develop a slightly different condition known as complex PTSD (C-PTSD). This shares many similarities
to post-traumatic stress disorder, but also has some unique symptoms including:
Poor emotional regulation, which manifests as outbursts of extreme emotions like rage and
depression
Negative view of self
Trouble forming healthy relationships
Behavioral difficulties like substance abuse, impulsivity, and self-destructive actions
Detaching from self (depersonalization) or reality (derealization)
Forgetting the trauma
Losing core values and beliefs
Although some mental health professionals treat complex PTSD as a distinct condition, the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) categorizes the symptoms under PTSD.
Acute Stress Disorder (ASD)

Acute stress disorder is very similar to PTSD, but is shorter in duration. ASD symptoms develop
immediately after a traumatic event and last three days to one month. If symptoms persist beyond a
month, the individual has developed PTSD.
Secondhand Trauma
Secondhand trauma is also known as trauma exposure response or secondary traumatic stress
disorder. It results from exposure to the firsthand trauma of other people. Symptoms of secondary
traumatic stress include:
A sense of hopelessness or helplessness

Feeling like you can never do enough to help
Hypervigilance
Guilt
Fear
Anger
Negativity/cynicism
Chronic fatigue
Secondhand trauma can happen to anyone, but it commonly affects professionals who work with
trauma victims such as counselors, social workers, first responders, doctors, nurses and other
healthcare workers.
Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)

Reactive attachment disorder occurs in children who cannot form stable attachments to their
caregivers. If a child’s basic needs are not met or they are frequently placed with new caregivers, they
are at increased risk of developing RAD. Symptoms may include: CALL NOW
Emotional withdrawal or inhibition
Lack of response to comfort from caregivers
Impaired emotional response to others
Limited ability to experience positive emotions
Episodes of irritability, sadness, or fearfulness, often without cause
Although rare, this condition can be devastating to a child’s normal development and may affect their
lives into adulthood. However, treatment can help.
Disinhibited Social Engagement

Disorder (DSED)
Children who were unable to form healthy attachments to their caregivers may develop disinhibited
social engagement disorder instead of reactive attachment disorder. While these two conditions have
the same roots, symptoms are completely different.
DSED causes children to exhibit culturally inappropriate behavior. This often takes the form of
familiarity with strangers. Children with DSED feel no fear around strangers, and may even be
comfortable getting into a car with someone they’ve just met. This disorder poses a serious threat to
safety. Caregivers should seek immediate treatment for a child who displays this kind of behavior.
Adjustment Disorders
Adjustment disorders are usually temporary and triggered by stressful life events such as divorce, job
loss, being diagnosed with an illness, or losing a loved one. Some people are able to cope with the
stress of these situations on their own, but others need help from a doctor or mental health
professional.
Symptoms of an adjustment disorder may include:
Frequent sadness or hopelessness

Crying often
Withdrawing from family and friends
Not enjoying your favorite activities and hobbies anymore
Lack of appetite
Insomnia
Neglecting your responsibilities at home or work
Having trouble focusing
Difficulty functioning in daily life
Suicidal thoughts or behaviors
If you notice some of these symptoms following a major event, talk to your primary care provider or a
mental health specialist. Treatment for adjustment disorders is usually temporary. However, for
chronic life events like an ongoing illness or relationship problems, you might need long-term
treatment.
Other and Unspecified Trauma- and

Stressor-Related Disorders
You might have some of the symptoms of a trauma disorder, but not meet the criteria for one of the
recognized types. Or, you might not be able to provide enough information for a specific diagnosis. In
these cases, professionals often make a diagnosis of “other or unspecified trauma- and stressor-
related disorder.”
CALL NOW
This diagnosis is not any less serious than other trauma disorders. People with other or unspecified
disorders have a legitimate mental health condition that is diminishing their quality of life. Treatment
can help you gain control over your symptoms.
Trauma- and Stressor-Related

Disorders Treatment
If you are experiencing mental health symptoms that seem to be connected to trauma or stressful
life events, the good news is that you can be treated. It may take a combination of different things,
including traditional talk therapy, holistic therapies, and medications. Talk to your doctor or a mental
health provider to see what might be the best treatment option for you.
If you’re seeking treatment for a trauma disorder in New Jersey, consider High Focus Centers. We
offer a trauma-focused outpatient program at our Cranford, Lawrenceville, Paramus, and
Freehold locations, or online through teletherapy. Treatment involves group and individual therapy,
plus medication management and sessions with a psychiatrist. Call our admissions line at (877) 762-
0929 or reach out through our online contact form to enroll.
Contact High Focus Centers and get confidential help.

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4/29/22, 1:37 PM What Does A Mental Health Counselor Do? – Forbes Health
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What Does A Mental Health Counselor Do?

By Lizzie Duszynski-Goodman
Expert Reviewed Rufus Tony Spann, Ph.D., L.C.P.C., L.P.C.
Updated: May 25, 2021, 5:37pm
Commissions we earn from partner links on this page do not affect our opinions or evaluations.
Our editorial content is based on thorough research and guidance from the Forbes Health
Advisory Board.
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Table of Contents
On the large menu of mental health services, you’ll find an alphabet soup of licensed
professionals—including licensed mental health counselors or L.M.H.C.s. Could one be right for
you? Learn everything you need to know about mental health counselors, including how they
differ from other experts, average costs and how to find one.
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What Does a Mental Health Counselor Do?
Many people face mental health challenges. In fact, 26% of U.S. adults experience a mental
health disorder diagnosis each year, making conditions like anxiety and depression far from
unusual. Yet, even when mild, mental illness can impact a person’s quality of life, underscoring
the critical importance of seeking quality care and support. That’s where a mental health
counselor can help.
A mental health counselor assesses and treats mental and emotional health disorders,
relationship issues and life challenges. Through various methods of psychotherapy, counselors
work with patients to develop meaningful behavior changes. They also offer coping strategies
for navigating life’s struggles.
“Counselors can provide support and guidance and help to identify triggers, cope with negative
emotions and reduce symptoms in order to improve the individual’s quality of life,” says Aaron
Sternlicht, a licensed mental health counselor in New York and co-founder of Family Addiction
Specialist.
Counselors often specialize in certain areas. In general, they’re trained to help people with:
Anxiety
Depression
Substance abuse
Sexual dysfunction
Eating disorders
Personality disorders
Dementia
Adjustment disorders brought on by a major life change, such as divorce or a new baby
Persistent and recurring symptoms may signal it’s time to seek professional help. If you’re
experiencing any of the following for two weeks or more, consider reaching out to a mental
health counselor for guidance:
Difficulty sleeping
Appetite and weight fluctuations
Struggling to focus
Losing interest in hobbies or activities
Inability to carry on with daily routines
Suicidal/self-harm ideation
Mental Health Counselor Requirements

To become licensed to practice in their state, mental health counselors must complete a
master’s program in counseling, which typically takes two years. As part of this program,
students take part in supervised fieldwork.
Mental Health Counselor vs. Therapist

An array of professionals—such as social workers, counselors, psychologists, marriage and
family therapists—can still technically be called therapists at the state-licensed level, because
they provide therapy.
However, while mental health counseling and therapy are often used synonymously, there are
key differences, says Sternlicht.
In terms of licensing, a counselor will earn a L.M.H.C. (licensed mental health counselor),
L.C.S.W. (licensed clinical social worker) or L.P.C. (licenced professional counselor). A
therapist, on the other hand, will receive an L.M.F.T. (licensed marriage and family therapist).
“Mental health counseling is generally shorter term and focuses on addressing a specific,
present problem,” he says. Conversely, a therapist may use their sessions to explore what
Sternlicht calls “deeper underlying thoughts, feelings and behaviors that are caused by
unconscious issues and conflicts.”
Mental Health Counselor vs. Psychologist

Both mental health counselors and psychologists must hold a master’s degree and be licensed to
practice in their states. In addition, psychologists often complete a doctorate in psychology.
While there’s a lot of overlap between the two roles, psychologists are more likely to work with
serious mental illnesses and behavior problems. A counselor is focused on overall wellness and
talk therapy, generally. Psychologists may be more focused on analyzing a client from a
scientific perspective and treating specific problems.
Mental Health Counselor vs. Psychiatrist

A mental health counselor guides clients to healing through various modes of talk therapy. For
prescriptions for medications to complement therapy, patients must also seek care from a
licensed psychiatrist. Trained to assess and diagnose mental health disorders, psychiatrists can
prescribe the proper medication and monitor clients through treatment.
How Much Does a Mental Health Counselor Cost?
The cost of counseling varies widely depending on location and treatment. However, mental
health counselors typically charge less than other mental health professionals. In Illinois, for
example, Jennifer Froemal, the former president of the Illinois Mental Health Counselors
Association, and the founder of Innovative Counseling Partners in Chicago, shares that rates for
a 60-minute session range from $65 to $140, depending on insurance. In Froemal’s practice
specifically, the average session comes to $104 an hour.
Some counselors offer a sliding payment scale. This means they determine session cost based
on what a client can afford. Through the Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act, most
insurance plans are now federally mandated to cover mental health services similarly to how
they cover medical services.
What to Expect During a Mental Health Counseling Session
Every session will vary depending on the client, the issues and the counselor’s preferred
treatment plan. While many therapists meet weekly with clients, others find biweekly sessions
are more effective for particular issues and phobias.
“People can expect their therapist to be very curious and seek to understand the client’s
worldview, thought process, history, behavioral patterns, stressors and how they all contribute
to how the person feels,” says Sofia Mendoza, a licensed clinical social worker in Long Beach,
California. A counselor, who can also be called a therapist, may assign homework, work toward
exposure to phobias and practice navigating situations in sessions.
“One thing’s for sure: You can definitely count on the therapist listening to your concerns with a
nonjudgmental stance and recommending different strategies to help you with what you’re
going through,” she says.
How to Find a Mental Health Counselor
The experience of finding a mental health counselor is “more of an art than a science,”
according to Sternlicht. To begin your search:
Contact your insurance company for a list of providers covered by your policy.
Search mental health provider databases, such as Psychology Today’s Therapy Directory.
Ask your general practitioner for referrals.
Ask friends and family for recommendations.
Sternlicht recommends setting up several consultations to find a practitioner who works for
you, ensuring they meet the following criteria:
They’re trained and experienced in addressing your specific challenges.

Their approach to counseling sessions is a good fit for you.
You can see yourself placing your trust in them.
You feel comfortable speaking with them and can see yourself confiding in them.
They understand your lived experience and cultural background.
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needs and preferences here.
Sources
Mental Health Disorder Statistics. John Hopkins Medicine. Accessed 04/15/2021.
What You Should Know About Licensed Mental Health Counselors and Their Services. New York State Education Department.
Accessed 04/19/2021.
Adjustment Disorders. John Hopkins Medicine. Accessed 04/22/2021.
Clinical Mental Health Counseling versus Psychology. The Family Institute at Northwestern University. Accessed 04/12/2021.
Counselor vs. Therapist vs. Psychologist. HumanServicesEDU.org. Accessed 04/25/2021.
Types of Mental Health Professionals. Mental Health America. Accessed 04/19/2021.
Health Insurance and Mental Health Services. MentalHealth.gov. Accessed 04/18/2021.
4/29/22, 1:36 PM What Is a Mental Health Counselor?
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What Is a Mental Health Counselor? Plus

Where You Can Find One
Medically reviewed by Marney A. White, PhD, MS, Psychology — Written by
Gulnaz Khan on January 28, 2021
What it is What they do Counselor vs. psychologist Effectiveness

Where to find one Takeaway
10’000 Hours/Getty Images
In the United States, nearly 1 in 5 adults  live with a mental health

condition, according to the National Institute of Mental Health, but only
about half of them  receive treatment.
Untreated mental health conditions can affect not just the mind but also
the body, and interfere with relationships and work.
If you or a loved one are experiencing distressing emotions, thoughts, or

behaviors and having trouble managing them, you might consider
different treatment options, including mental health counseling.
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Mental health counseling isn’t a substitute for emergency

services.
In the event of a mental health emergency — like if you’re

thinking about harming yourself or someone else — call the
National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 24/7 at 800-273-8255.
ADVERTISEMENT
What is mental health counseling?

Mental health counselors are licensed professionals who treat the
cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects of mental health and
substance use conditions. They work with individuals, families, couples,
and groups in a variety of settings.
Mental health counselors use a variety of techniques to:
promote healthy lifestyles
identify personal stressors and levels of functioning

preserve or restore mental health
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What do mental health counselors do?

Mental health counselors are trained to do several things.
They talk to clients about their symptoms and discuss treatment options.
In some states, licensed professional counselors have the authority to
diagnose mental health conditions. Other states require a physician,
psychiatrist, or psychologist to make a diagnosis.
Mental health professionals provide psychotherapy to help clients:
understand their behaviors, emotions, and thoughts

identify stressors
teach them healthy coping and problem-solving techniques
Mental health counselors may specialize in different types of

psychotherapy:
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based therapy

that helps people recognize destructive thinking patterns,
understand how that influences their behavior, and how to adopt
healthier behaviors.
Psychodynamic therapy focuses on emotion and interpersonal

relationships. With a professional’s guidance, clients use self-
reflection and self-examination to uncover and work through
problematic patterns.
Interpersonal therapy focuses on the relationship between our

personal interactions and psychological symptoms. This is a time-
limited treatment that typically lasts 12 to 16 weeks  .
Mental health counselors can work alongside other types of medical

providers — including psychiatrists or primary care doctors — to provide
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holistic treatment.
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For example, many effective  substance use disorder treatments involve

a combination of medication and behavioral therapy.
Mental health counselors also work with clients to develop goals and a
treatment plan. They can refer clients to other relevant healthcare
providers or social services.
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What is the difference between a mental health

counselor and a psychologist?
Mental health counselors and psychologists may provide similar services,
like psychotherapy, but there are distinct differences in education,
training, and licensure.
Mental health counselors
Licensing requirements vary from state to state, but in general, mental

health counselors hold an accredited master’s degree in counseling and
have 2 to 3 years of supervised counseling practice.
Common professional designations include:
Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC)
Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor (LCADC)
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor of Mental Health (LPCC)
Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC)

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In some states, licensed counselors don’t have the authority to diagnose
mental health conditions. Privacy - Terms
Mental health counselors help treat several conditions, including:
depression
anxiety disorders
bipolar disorder
eating disorders
post-traumatic stress disorder

substance use disorders
phobias
How much you benefit from counseling may vary depending on the type
and severity of the mental health condition, type of treatment, and
treatment adherence.
Psychologists
Clinical psychologists hold a doctorate (PhD or PsyD), which involves

several years of research and practice. They receive training in theory,
research methods, and treatment, so they can pursue careers in
academic research or clinical practice.
Psychiatrists
Psychiatrists attend medical school and obtain a doctor of medicine

degree (MD). Therefore, psychiatrists are able to evaluate the influence of
any physical health conditions on mental health and prescribe medication
if needed.
A mental health counselor may refer you to a psychiatrist to treat the

biological underpinnings of a mental health condition.
Is mental health counseling effective?

Yes. Here’s some research backing up mental health counseling’s
effectiveness:
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About 75 percent of people who start psychotherapy have some
benefit, according to the American Psychological Association. Privacy - Terms
A large research review  of 106 study analyses that examined

CBT’s effectiveness showed that CBT is an effective treatment for
anxiety disorders, bulimia, anger management issues, general
stress, and depression.
CBT was also effective in treating adults with a substance use

disorder, according to another research review  of 53 studies.
Interpersonal psychotherapy can effectively treat depression in

adults, both independently and when combined with medication,
according to a research review  of 38 studies.
A small 2007 study  found that people who received brief CBT
sessions in primary care had better long-term depression outcomes
compared with those who didn’t receive these sessions.
A 2005 study  of 232 people with panic disorder found that

treatment with CBT and medication was significantly more effective
than primary care — usually medication — alone.
Where can you find a mental health counselor?

There are several ways to find a mental healthcare provider near you.
You can ask your primary care doctor for a referral, do a general internet
search for providers near you, or use one of the following resources:
FindTreatment.gov
Mental Health and Addiction Insurance Help from the U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services
Opioid Treatment Program Directory from the Substance Abuse and

Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
Remember that professional counselor designations may include LPC,

LMHC, LCADC, and LPCC. When looking for a counselor, here are a few
things to consider:
How much do they charge? Will your insurance cover sessions?

Does your insurance require a referral from a primary care doctor or
psychiatrist?

Do they specialize
A D V E R T I S E Min
E N Tcertain treatment areas (e.g., substance use,
eating disorders)?
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Do they offer telehealth appointments?
Effective therapy relies on a good relationship between the therapist

and client. Consider who you’d feel most comfortable opening up to:
a certain gender, person of color, someone from your faith, etc.
If you or a loved one are in crisis and need immediate support, you are
not alone. Help is available right now:
Call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 24 hours a day at 800-

273-8255.
Text HOME to the Crisis Textline at 741741.
Not in the United States? Find a helpline in your country with

Befrienders Worldwide or the International Association for Suicide
Prevention.
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Takeaway
The symptoms of an untreated mental health condition can interfere with
your day to day. If you or a loved one need support, reach out to a
healthcare provider about treatment options and whether mental health
counseling is right for you.
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Traditional therapy – done online

Find a therapist from BetterHelp’s network of therapists for your everyday
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SELF-REVIEW CHECKLISTS
CHECKLISTS: These checklists can be used for both outline and essay.
i. Checklist for Introductory Paragraph: Tick (√ ) in the box provided if you have
accomplished them all.
CHECKLIST Yes No
1. Is my Thesis Statement present in the paragraph? : √
2. Is my Thesis Statement written in a complete sentence? : √
3. Does my Thesis Statement contain a topic and controlling idea/main : √

idea?
4. Are my introductory details coherent? : √
5. Can my readers understand the general purpose of the essay? : √
ii. Checklist for Developmental Paragraphs: Tick (√ ) in the box provided if you
have accomplished them all.
CHECKLIST Yes No
1. Is my topic sentence clear and focused? : √
2. Is my topic sentence written in a complete sentence? √
3. Are my explanation/s clear and relevant to the controlling idea/main : √

idea in the topic sentence?
4. Are my example/s clear and relevant to the explanation/s? : √
5. Are my explanation/s more general than my example/s? : √
6. Are my points united, one point at a time in each paragraph? (Unity) √
7. Are my explanation/s and example/s supported with relevant : √

details (Support)
8. Are my explanation/s and example/s supported with clear details? : √

(Support)
9. Are my explanation/s and example/s organised? (Coherence) : √

10. Are my explanation/s and example/s connected to one another? : √
(Coherence)
11. Is my concluding sentence restating the topic sentence? : √
12. Have I sufficiently paraphrased citations to avoid plagiarism? : √
13. Have I correctly cited all sources in the essay? : √
i. Checklist for Concluding Paragraph: Tick (√ ) in the box provided if you have
CHECKLIST Yes No
1. Is my Restatement of Thesis Statement/Concluding Statement : √

present in the paragraph?
2. Is my Restatement of Thesis Statement/Concluding Statement : √

written in a complete sentence?
3. Does my Restatement of Thesis Statement/Concluding Statement : √

contain a topic and controlling idea/main idea?
4. Does my Restatement of Thesis Statement/Concluding Statement √

similar to my Thesis Statement?
5. Are my concluding details coherent for my readers to understand : √

the general conclusion of the essay?
6. Are my concluding details clear for readers to understand the : √

general conclusion of the essay?
7. Have I included suggestions/recommendations/caveats regarding : √

the topic of the essay?
ii. Checklist for Language Use: Tick (√) in the box provided if you have
CHECKLIST Yes No
1. Have I employed the rule of parallelism in my sentence structure? : √
2. Have I employed the rule of consistent point of view in my : √

sentence structure?
3. Where possible, did I use active verbs? : √

4. Where possible, did I use concise verbs? : √
5. Have I used a variety of sentences in my essay? : √
6. Have I corrected all grammatical, spelling, and vocabulary : √

mistakes?

COMPARE & CONTRAST ESSAY (ASASI TESL UiTM - WRITING ASSIGNMENT)

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COMPARE & CONTRAST ESSAY (ASASI TESL UiTM - WRITING ASSIGNMENT)

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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

ASASI TESL PROGRAMME

TSL025 – ACADEMIC WRITING

TITLE: MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELLOR VS.

Name : SITI NUR ALYA MAISARAH BINTI

Submission Date : 29th APRIL 2022

To begin, the requirements needed to be either a mental health counsellor or a trauma

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Finding a Job 8 Types of Counselors To Know

8 Types of Counselors To Know

Counselors are professionals whose remain responsibility is typically to help others.

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Compliance to school regulations

Planning for college

Searching for jobs

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2. Mental health counselor

Diagnosing mental health disorders

Creating plans for treatment

Identifying behaviors that need improvement

Researching a client's social surroundings

Referring specialists when necessary

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Interview potential adoptive parents

Facilitate meetings between children and potential adoptive parents

Monitor children's conditions in foster homes to ensure their safety

Keep detailed records of children's medical and adoption history

Unite adoptees with birth parents

Controlling vocal cords and breathing

Regaining abilities to swallow and speak aloud

Reducing the effect of a stutter

Living with speech and language disorders

Assessing clients' needs through discussion and observation

Developing therapeutic methods for treatment

Referring clients to specialists

Using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)

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Mental health conditions

Challenges with communication

Learning to perform daily tasks

Completing job training programs

Developing routines to promote a healthy lifestyle

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Recruit new students.

Conduct interviews with students who might be interested in their college.

Develop new recruitment procedures.

Take part in admission decisions.

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