KD3Z Named Young Ham of the Year, p.

7
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C O MM U N I C A T I O N S & T E C H N O L O G Y
SEPTEMBER 2 021
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 ANNOUNCEMENTS EDITORIAL STAFF
Richard S. Moseson, W2VU, Editor
Jason Feldman, KD2IWM, Managing Editor
SEPTEMBER Susan Moseson, Editorial Consultant
SHELBY, NORTH CAROLINA — The Shelby Amateur Radio Club will hold the 2021 Shelby Hamfest from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.,
Friday, September 3; 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Saturday, September 4; and from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m., Sunday, September 5 at the Cleveland
County Fairgrounds, 1751 E. Marion Street. Phone: (980) 295-5151. Email: <chairman@shelbyhamfest.org>. Website:
CONTRIBUTING EDITORS
<http://shelbyhamfest.org>. Talk-in 146.880-. VE exams. Kent Britain, WA5VJB, Antennas
MARLBOROUGH, MASSACHUSSETTS — FEMARA will hold the Northeast HamXposition and 2021 New England Division Stan Broadway, N8BHL, Emergency Communications
Convention from Friday, September 10 through Sunday, September 12 at the Best Western Royal Plaza Hotel & Trade Center, Gerry L. Dexter, The Listening Post
181 Boston Post Road W. Website: <hamxposition.org>. VE exams, DX dinner, grand banquet, special event station. Joe Eisenberg, KØNEB, Kit-Building
NAPERVILLE, ILLINOIS — The Northern Illinois DX Association will hold the W9DXCC Convention will be held Friday, Trent Fleming, N4DTF, VHF Plus
September 10 and Saturday, September 11 at the Chicago Marriott Naperville, 1801 North Naper Boulevard. Website:
<http://w9dxcc.com>.
Tomas Hood, NW7US, Propagation
CEDARBURG, WISCONSIN — The Ozaukee Radio Club will hold the ORC Regional Fall Swapfest from 6 a.m. to noon, John Langridge, KB5NJD, MF/LF Operating
Saturday, September 11 at the Fireman’s Park, W65 N796 Washington Avenue. Phone: (262) 377-6945 or (262) 844-6331. Anthony Luscre, K8ZT, Microcontrollers
Website: <www.ozaukeeradioclub.org>. Irwin Math, WA2NDM, Math’s Notes
RUSH CITY, MINNESOTA — The East Central Minnesota Amateur Radio Club will hold the 28th Annual Rush City Radio Joe Moell, KØOV, Homing In
Rendezvous from 9 a.m. to noon, Saturday, September 11 at the Rush City High School, 51001 Fairfield Avenue. Website:
Steve Molo, KI4KWR, Awards
<www.qrz.com/db/k0ecm>. Talk-in 145.33- (PL 146.2).
SHEPHERDSVILLE, KENTUCKY — The Greater Louisville Hamfest Association will hold the Greater Louisville Hamfest 2021 Eric Nichols, KL7AJ, Analog Adventures
from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m., Saturday, September 11 at the Paroquet Springs Conference Centre, 395 Paroquet Springs Drive. Website: Ron Ochu, KOØZ, Learning Curve
<http://louisvillehamfest.com>. VE exams. Jeff Reinhardt, AA6JR, Mobile/Radio Magic
BALLSTON SPA, NEW YORK — The Saratoga County Amateur Radio Association will hold its 35th Annual Hamfest begin- Scott Rought, KA8SMA, QRP
ning 7 a.m., Sunday, September 12 at the Saratoga County Fair Grounds, 162 Prospect Street. Contact: Jim Polewczak, KG2H, Don Rotolo, N2IRZ, Digital
(518) 703-9558. Email: <kg2h@arrl.net>. Website: <http://k2dll.org>. Talk-in 147.000 (PL 91.5) or 147.240 (PL 91.5). VE exams.
BUTLER, PENNSYLVANIA — The Butler County Amateur Radio Association will hold its Swapfest from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.,
Rob de Santos, K8RKD, Communications Horizons
Sunday, September 12 at the Unionville Fire Department, 102 Mahood Road. Contact: Joe Sciulli, N3WHJ, (412) 337-1687. Bob Schenck, N2OO, DX
Email: <n3whjoe@gmail.com>. Website: <http://w3udx.org>. Talk-in 147.36+ Tim Shoppa, N3QE, Contesting
FINDLAY, OHIO — The Findlay Radio Club will hold the 2021 Findlay Hamfest from beginning 8 a.m., Sunday, September Jason Togyer, W3MCK, Spurious Signals
12 at the Hancock County Fairgrounds 1017 E. Sandusky Street. Phone: (419) 423-3402. Email: <hamfest@findlayradioclub.org>. Gordon West, WB6NOA, Short Circuits
Website: <www.findlayradioclub.org>. Talk-in 147.15+ (PL 88.5) or 444.15+ (PL 88.5). Wayne Yoshida, KH6WZ, The Ham Notebook
MULLICA HILLS, NEW JERSEY — The Gloucester County Amateur Radio Club will hold its 43rd Annual Hamfest and 2021
ARRL Southern New Jersey Convention beginning 8 a.m., Sunday, September 12 at the Gloucester County 4-H Fairgrounds,
AWARD MANAGEMENT
235 Bridgeton Pike (Rt. 77). Contact: Sheldon Parker, K2MEN, <sheldonparker@comcast.net>. Website: <http://w2mmd.org>.
Talk-in 147.180+ (PL 131.8) VE exams. John Bergman, KC5LK, WAZ Award
CADILLAC, MICHIGAN —The Wexaukee Amateur Radio Club will hold the 61st Annual Cadillac Amateur Radio and Computer Brian Bird, NXØX, USA-CA Custodian
Swap beginning 8 a.m., Saturday, September 18 at Cadillac Junior High School, 500 S. Chestnut Street. Website: <www.wex- Steve Bolia, N8BJQ, WPX Award
aukeearc.org>. Talk-in 146.980. VE exams. Keith Gilbertson, KØKG, CQ DX Award
COLOGNE, MINNESOTA — The SMARTS Radio Club will hold SMARTSFEST 2021 from 8 a.m. to noon, Saturday, September
18 at the Cologne Community Center, 1211 Village Parkway. Email: <contactus@smartsfest.org>. Website: <http://smarts- CONTEST MANAGEMENT
fest.org>. Talk-in 147.165+. VE exams, card checking. Andy Blank, N2NT, CQ 160 Meter Contest
PEKIN, ILLINOIS — The Pekin Area Amateur Radio Club will hold the PAARC Superfest from 6 a.m. to 4 p.m., Saturday,
John Dorr, K1AR, CQWW DX Contest
September 18 and from 6 a.m. to 1 p.m., Sunday, September 19 at Avanti’s Dome, 3401 Griffin Avenue. Email: <w9uvi@arrl.net>.
Website: <http://w9uvi.org>. Talk-in 147.075+ (PL 156.7). VE exams, balloon launch. JK Kalenowsky, K9JK, CQ VHF Contest
RICHMOND, KENTUCKY — The Central Kentucky Amateur Radio Society will hold the Richmond Hamfest from 8 a.m. to 1 Ed Muns, WØYK, CQ RTTY Contests
p.m., Saturday, September 18 at the Madison County Fairgrounds, 3237 Old KY 52. Website: <http://ckars.org>. Talk-in 145.370 John Sweeney, K9EL, CQ DX Marathon
(PL 192.8). VE exams. Joseph “Bud” Trench, AA3B, CQWW WPX Contest
TROY, OHIO —The Miami County Amateur Radio Club will hold the 2021 W8FW Swap Meet and ARRL Hamfest from 9 a.m.
to 3 p.m., Saturday, September 18 at the club’s grounds located at 728 Harrison Street. Contact: Scott Swink, KB9JOY, (937) BUSINESS STAFF
260-1978. Email: <soundguy1@woh.rr.com>. Website: <www.w8fw.org>. Talk-in 145.230- (PL 100). Richard A. Ross, K2MGA, Publisher
ADRIAN, MICHIGAN — The Adrian Amateur Radio Club will hold the 46th Annual Hamfest and Computer Show beginning 8
a.m., Sunday, September 19 at the Lenawee County Airport, 2651 W. Cadmus Road. Contact: Mark Hinkleman, NU8Z, (517)
Dorothy Kehwieder, Associate Publisher,
423-5906. Email: <cqnu8z@comcast.net>. Website: <www.w8tqe.com>. Talk-in 145.370- (PL 85.4). VE exams. Advertising
PIGEON FORGE, TENNESSEE — The Southeastern DX and Contesting Organization will hold W4DXCC DX and Contest Richard S. Moseson, W2VU, Associate Publisher,
Convention from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m., Friday, September 24 and from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m., Saturday, September 25 at MainStay Hotel Editorial
and Conference Center, 410 Pine Mountain Road. Website: <http://w4dxcc.com>. Emily Leary, Sales Coordinator
HORSEHEADS, NEW YORK — The Amateur Radio Association of the Southern Tier will hold the 46th Annual Elmira
Charlie Payne, Director of Special Projects
International Hamfest / Computer fest from 6 a.m. to 2 p.m., Saturday September 25 at the Chemung County Fairgrounds on
Grand Central Avenue. Website: <www.arast.info>. Talk-in 147.360+ or 146.700-. VE exams, bunny hunt. Doris Watts, Accounting Department
PLYMOUTH, MINNESOTA — The Twin City FM Club will hold the Last Chance Swap Fest beginning 8 a.m., Saturday,
September 25 at the West Medicine Lake Community Club, 1705 Forestview Lane North. Email: <nopvc@outlook.com> or <pres- CIRCULATION STAFF
ident@tcfmc.org>. Website: <http://tcfm.org>. Talk-in 146.76 (PL 114.8). Cheryl DiLorenzo, Customer Service Manager
TINTON FALLS, NEW JERSEY — The Garden State Amateur Radio Association will hold its Hamfest from 8 a.m. to noon,
Saturday, September 25 at the MOESC Parking Lot, 100 Tornillo Way. Email: <hamfest@gardenstateara.org>. Website: PRODUCTION STAFF
<www.gsara.club>. Talk-in 147.045+ (PL 67). VE exams, card checking. Elizabeth Ryan, Art Director
TUCSON, ARIZONA — The Radio Society of Tucson will hold the Tucson Autumn Hamfest from 7-11 a.m., Saturday, September Dorothy Kehrwieder, Production Director
25 at the Calvary Tucson Church, 8711 East Speedway. Email: <president@rstclub.org>. Website: <www.k7rst.org>. Talk-in Emily Leary, Production Manager
145.250 (PL 156.7).
WEST FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA — The Red River Radio Amateurs will hold the RRRA Hamfest and 2021 ARRL Dakota
Hal Keith, Illustrator
Division Convention from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m., Saturday, September 25 at the RRV Fairgrounds – Hartl Building, 1805 Main Avenue Larry Mulvehill, WB2ZPI, Staff Photographer
W. Phone: (701) 371-1398. Email: <hamfest@rrra.org>. Website: <http://rrra.org>. Talk-in 145.350- (PL 123) or 444.875 (PL
123). VE exams.
A publication of
BELVIDERE, ILLINOIS — The Chicago FM Club will hold its 2021 Radio Expo from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m., Sunday, September 26
at the Boone County Fairgrounds, 9791 IL-76. Phone: (773) 614-4733. Email: <wa9orc@gmail.com>. Website: <www.chicagofm- CQ Communications
club.org>. Talk-in 146.760- (PL 107.2). VE exams. 45 Dolphin Lane
BEREA, OHIO —The Hamfest Association of Cleveland will hold the 47th Annual Cleveland Hamfest and Computer Show
from 8 a.m. to noon, Sunday, September 26 at the Berea Fairground, 160 Eastland Road. Phone: (800) CLE-FEST (253-3378). Northport, NY, 11768 USA.
Website: <http://hac.org>. VE exams.
CQ Amateur Radio (ISSN 0007-893X) Volume 77, No. 9,
EAST STROUDSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA — Eastern Pennsylvania Amateur Radio Association will hold its Hamfest 2021 Published monthly by CQ Communications, Inc., 45 Dolphin
beginning 8 a.m., Sunday, September 26 at the American Legion Post 346, 126 E. 5th Street. Phone: (570) 350-1185. Email: Lane, Northport, NY, 11768, Telephone 516-681-2922. E-mail:
<3w3fnz@gmail.com>. Website: <www.qsl.net/n3is>. Talk-in 147.045 (PL 131.8). VE exams. cq@cq-amateur-radio.com. Fax 516-681-2926. Web site:
www.cq-amateur-radio.com. Periodicals Postage Paid at
OCTOBER Northport, NY 11768 and at additional mailing offices. Sub-
BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY — The Kentucky Colonels Amateur Radio Club will hold the Vette City Hamfest and 2021 scription prices (all in U.S. dollars): Domestic-one year $42.95,
Great Lakes Division Convention from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m., Saturday, October 2 at the WKU Knicely Conference Center, 2385 Nasville two years $77.95, three years $111.95; Canada/Mexico-one year
Road. Contact: Frank Armstrong, KI4HEJ, (270) 781-0349. Email: <vettecityhamfest@gmail.com>. Website: <http://ky4bg.com>. $57.95, two years $107.95, three years $156.95: Foreign Air
Post-one year $72.95, two years $137.95, three years $201.95.
Talk-in 1247.33 (PL 107.2).
Single copy $6.99. U.S. Government Agencies: Subscriptions to
DRUMLINS, NEW YORK — The Drumlins Amateur Radio Club will hold the 34th Annual Drumlins Hamfest from 8 a.m. to 1 CQ are available to agencies of the United States government
p.m., Saturday, October 2 at the Palmyra VFW Post 6778, 4306 Route 31. Contact: Rich Hamill, KC2TNJ, (315) 986-8589. Email: including military services, only on a cash with order basis.
<hamfest@drumlinsarc.us>. Website: <www.drumlinsarc.us>. Talk-in 146.745 (PL 71.9). Requests for quotations, bids, contracts., etc. will be refused and
SONOMA, CALIFORNIA — The Valley of the Moon Amateur Radio Club will hold its Hamfest on Saturday, October 2 at the will not be returned or processed. Entire contents copyrighted
First Congregational Church of Sonoma, 252 W. Spain Street. Website: <http://vomarc.org>. Talk-in 145.350- (PL 88.5). VE 2021 by CQ Communications, Inc. CQ does not assume respon-
exams, fox hunt. sibility for unsolicited manuscripts. Allow six weeks for change of
WEST MITCHELL, INDIANA — The Hoosier Hills Ham Club will hold the 60th Annual Hoosier Hills Hamfest beginning 8 a.m., address.
Saturday, October 2 at the Lawrence County 4H Fairgrounds, 11265 U.S. Highway 50 West. Contact: W.W. Warren, KB9TMP,
(812) 675-2450. Email: <hamfest@w9qyq.org>. Website: <www.w9qyq.org/hamfest>. Talk-in 147.73- (PL 107.2). VE exams. Printed in the U.S.A.
WITCHITA, KANSAS — The Valley Center Amateur Radio Club will hold the 2021 Wichita Area Hamfest from 8 a.m to 1 p.m., POSTMASTER: Send address changes to:
CQ Amateur Radio, P.O. Box 1206, Sayville, NY, 11782
(Continued on page 92)
2• CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site
 HAM RADIO NEWS
Milestones: MFJ Production Manager
KB5YJF, SK
Covid-19 has claimed another mem-
ber of the amateur radio community
and industry. Michael Enis, KB5YJF,
became a Silent Key on August 6 at
age 53. He was Production Manager
for MFJ Enterprises and its Ameritron
line of amplifiers. Mike was described
in his obituary as “a loving father, son,
brother, uncle and fixer of all things.”
He is survived by his son, daughter
and son-in-law as well as his parents,
sister and brother. His was predeceased by his wife, Tammy.
Growing Confusion Over Bouvet DXpedition
There's bad news, good news and growing confusion on the
long-planned (but currently cancelled) 2023 DXpedition to
Bouvet Island. The ARRL reported in early August that the
Intrepid DX Group had found a "suitable and affordable" vessel
whose captain was willing to make the trip to Bouvet. It also
announced new leadership. Now it appears that that's because
original group member Ken Opskar, LA7GIA - who holds the
3Y0J license - has split off from the Intrepid DX Group and formed
a separate group that is now planning a 2022 visit. Plus, the
League reports that Polish DXpeditioner Dom Grzyb, 3Z9DX,
says he has secured a license for 3Y0I and has put together a
group to activate the island later this year. We'll keep you post-
ed on everybody's progress.
Shifting Sands (??) on the Sun
Just as there have been disagreements among predictions for
the strength and length of Solar Cycle 25, there are also dis-
agreements about the significance of recent trends. In early
August, spaceweather.com reported that the cycle was “heat-
ing up faster than expected,” based on July’s sunspot counts,
and said that if the trend continues, it could mean that we reach
solar maximum in October 2024, a year ahead of the “official”
forecast from the NOAA / NASA Solar Cycle Prediction Panel.
That panel predicted that Cycle 25 would be very similar to the
very weak Cycle 24, but a sharper rise could suggest a stronger
cycle to come. On the other hand, the Solar Terrestrial Activity
Report <www.solen.info> suggests that so far, Cycle 25 is very
closely tracking Cycle 24, as predicted by the NOAA / NASA
panel. See <https://tinyurl.com/5f6vp66x>.
FCC to Allow FM on CB, Automatic Location
Transmissions on GMRS / FRS
In a rare reversal, the FCC has agreed to two petitions for recon-
sideration of earlier decisions relating to permitted transmission
modes on Citizens Band (CB), the General Mobile Radio Service
(GMRS), and Family Radio Service (FRS).
In its first major change to CB rules in over 40 years, the FCC
has agreed to allow FM transmissions on the band along with
traditional AM and single sideband (SSB). It was persuaded
that interference concerns were unfounded and that “users who
hear unintelligible audio on a particular channel can simply
select another channel or switch modes.” CB radios manufac-
tured with FM capability would still be required to offer an
AM option.
For some time now, the FCC has permitted the manual trans-
mission of short data messages in the GMRS and FRS ser-
vices, but has balked at allowing automatic transmissions of
location data out of interference concerns. Motorola has suc-
cessfully petitioned the Commission to OK automatic data
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
transmissions as well, noting that it would help in the location
of lost or injured users who could not manually send out emer-
gency messages.
NOAA Issues Slight Adjustment to 2021 Atlantic
Hurricane Forecast
In its mid-season update, the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration (NOAA) made a slight upward revision in
its forecast for the current Atlantic hurricane season, which runs
through November 30th. The Climate Prediction Center now
says we should expect 15-21 named storms this season, vs.
13-20 in its previous forecast. Of those it is expected that 7-10
will develop into hurricanes (vs. 6-10) and 3-5 are likely to
become major hurricanes of category 3 or higher (wind speeds
of at least 111 miles per hour). The major hurricane prediction
is unchanged from the previous forecast. Radio amateurs have
long been part of the response to tropical storms and hurricanes
and there is a permanent amateur station, WX4NHC, at the
National Hurricane Center.
Hams Respond to Major Flooding in
Western Europe
Hams have been part of the response to widespread flooding in
Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands. According to the ARRL
Letter, the flooding was caused by unprecedented heavy rain-
fall and has been responsible for at least 120 deaths. Amateur
radio emergency groups in all three countries have a mutual aid
arrangement and have been coordinating with each other. Hams
in Belgium were asked to provide a backup VHF link between
the emergency call center in the capital city of Brussels and the
hard-hit province of Hainaut. Other groups have been on stand-
by to respond as needed, although it was pointed out that many
hams in the affected areas were flood victims as well.
ARRL Board Creates Permanent EmComm and
Field Services Committee
The ARRL Board of Directors voted in July to create a standing
board committee on emergency communications and field ser-
vices (the umbrella name for the League’s nationwide network
of volunteer appointees). The committee’s primary role will be
to advise the board on changing or adding League policies and
programs related to emergency communications through its
Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES) and National Traffic
System (NTS). It will also work with League staff to provide
greater support to Field Organization volunteers around the
country. The ARRL Letter reports that this is only the third stand-
ing board committee, along with the Programs and Services and
Administration and Finance committees. Roanoke Division
Director George “Bud” Hippisley, W2RU, will chair the commit-
tee. Other appointments had not been made as of press time.
Michigan Radio Club Considering Group Email
Address for FCC Applications
As of the end of June, the FCC is requiring all amateurs to include
a valid email address on license applications. But some hams,
especially older ones, do not have email addresses or access
to the internet. The ARRL Letter is reporting that the Big Rapids
Area Amateur Radio Club in Michigan is working to establish a
single email address for all of its members who don’t have their
own, citing one member who is in a nursing home and doesn’t
have internet access. The account would be monitored by a club
officer and any FCC messages would be relayed to the appro-
priate member. ARRL VEC Manager Maria Somma said this is
perfectly legal, as the FCC’s only concern is being able to get
in touch with a licensee as needed.
September 2021 • CQ • 3
 CONTENTS
8
SEPTEMBER 2021 • VOLUME 77 NUMBER 9

82 COVER: CONTESTING:
GETTING IN PRACTICE
FOR WRTC-23
By Tim Shoppa, N3QE

Getting in practice for WRTC-23. Rich

DiDonna, NN3W (4th from left) operated the
2021 IARU HF World Championship from
the superstation of Ranko Boca, 4O3A, in
order to get a feel for summertime propaga-
tion from southern Europe in preparation for
competing in the 2023 World Radiosport
Team Championship in Italy. Details on
pages 30 and 82.

34
FEATURES FOCUS ON: When we fire up our radios, rarely do we think international and national pol-
itics would intrude on our hobby. Unfortunately that is never the case and this month we
bring you a story on Cuba jamming the 40-meter ham band as the government tries to
8 IS CUBA JAMMING RADIO quell unrest on page 8. Also, the FCC’s draconian new RFE requirements may put a
AMATEURS? damper on our ability to easily enjoy our hobby. You can read about it on page 14, get
Is Political Unrest in Cuba is Causing some historial context in our CQ Classic on page 21, and get CQ’s stance on page 6.
Interference on the 40-Meter Amateur
Band?
By Martin Butera, LU9EFO / PT2ZDX
14 UNDERSTANDING AND COLUMNS DEPARTMENTS
COMPLYING WITH THE FCC’S
NEW RULES ON ANALYZING RF 46 MATH’S NOTES: A Simple Wide- 52 EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS:
EXPOSURE Range Oscillator How to Perform When Called in an
FCC’s New Rules on Calculating RFE By Irwin Math, WA2NDM Emergency: Practice Now
Will Complicate Traditional Ham 48 THE LISTENING POST: Shortwave By Stan Broadway, N8BHL
Activities Stations Around the Word Come Back 70 VHF PLUS: 1.2 GHz ... The “Gateway
By Kurt Desoto, KO4JXB and Plus ... A New Way to Save QSL Drug” to a World of Microwave Action
associates Cards By Trent Fleming, N4DTF
21 CQ CLASSIC: The Old “New” RF By Gerry Dexter 74 AWARDS: The Fred Fish Memorial
Exposure Rules 54 HAM NOTEBOOK: So Many Projects Award
Washington Readout (Nov. 1996) — So Little Time! By Steve Molo, KI4KWR
By Frederick O. Maia, W5YI (SK) By Wayne Yoshida, KH6WZ 76 DX: Remote DX and DXing
25 RESULTS OF THE 2021 CQ WORLD 59 KIT-BUILDING: A “Key” Project By Bob Schenck, N2OO
WIDE WPX SSB CONTEST By Joe Eisenberg, KØNEB 82 CONTESTING: Mapping 2020 ARRL
2021 Sets New Record in QSOs 62 LEARNING CURVE: Resistance is Sweepstakes Activity ... Plus, Getting
By Bud Trench, AA3B Futile in Practice for WRTC-23 and a Mini-
32 ANNOUNCING: THE 2021 CQ By Ron Ochu, KOØZ DXpedition to Bimini
WORLD WIDE DX CONTEST 66 DIGITAL CONNECTION: The Long By Tim Shoppa, N3QE
By John Dorr, K1AR and Winding Road to the Network ... 88 PROPAGATION: Autumn is a
34 MY WAY TO DX FROM THE Build it and They Will Come, But Time of Change
EARLY DAYS There’s a Catch: You Have to Build it By Tomas Hood, NW7US
Legendary DXer OH2BH Reminisces and Get it to Work
on His 60th Anniversary in Ham Radio By Don Rotolo, N2IRZ
By Martti Laine, OH2BH
40 BUILD YOUR OWN SOLID-STATE 2 ANNOUNCEMENTS 68 SPURIOUS SIGNALS
LINEAR AMPLIFIER 3 HAM RADIO NEWS 69 WHAT’S NEW
CQ Reviews: KM3KM Electronics 6 ZERO BIAS 72 LOOKING AHEAD
Mercury IIIS Amplifier Kit
By Dave Jensen, W7DGJ 7 NEWSBYTES 93 READER FEEDBACK

94 COMPLETE LINE SCORES OF THE 30 ON THE COVER 112 HAM SHOP

2021 CQWW WPX SSB CONTEST 47 BEHIND THE BYLINES
 ZERO BIAS: A CQ Editorial
Is the FCC Killing Amateur Radio for Bureaucratic Convenience?
A
ccording to the FCC, the Amateur
Radio Service exists for five very
specific reasons:
(a) Recognition and enhancement of
the value of the amateur service to the
public as a voluntary noncommercial
communication service, particularly
with respect to providing emergency
communications.
(b) Continuation and extension of the
amateur’s proven ability to contribute to
the advancement of the radio art.
(c) Encouragement and improvement
of the amateur service through rules
which provide for advancing skills in
both the communication and technical
phases of the art.
(d) Expansion of the existing reservoir
within the amateur radio service of
trained operators, technicians, and
electronics experts.
(e) Continuation and extension of the
amateur’s unique ability to enhance
international goodwill.1
Every licensed amateur is supposed
to know this, having certified that they
have read and understood Part 97 of
the FCC’s rules. Apparently, this does
not apply to those who write the rules,
though, as recent changes to the rules
regarding assessment of RF exposure
from amateur stations threaten to dam-
age each and every element of the
Commission’s own “basis and purpose”
for our existence. And there are no tech-
nical, scientific, or medical reasons for
the changes, only bureaucratic.
On page 14 of this issue, you’ll find
a comprehensive guide to “Under-
standing and Complying With the
FCC’s New Rules on Analyzing RF
Exposure,” written by a group of com-
munication law experts who also
understand ham radio (five of the six
authors are hams). We strongly rec-
ommend that you read it. But the bot-
tom line is this: Making sure that our
operations comply with the FCC stan-
dards for RF exposure just became
much more complicated, and again,
purely for the FCC’s bureaucratic con-
venience. The standards themselves
*Email: <w2vu@cq-amateur-
radio.com>
6• CQ • September 2021
BY RICH MOSESON,* W2VU
have not changed, but previous ser-
vice-specific methods of analyzing
compliance have been scrapped in
favor of a single set of standards that
“streamline” the rules but no longer take
into account the unique characteristics
of the different services regulated by the
FCC. This despite the fact that 25 years
ago, in its previous rulemaking on RF
exposure limits, the Commission specif-
ically recognized four unique aspects of
the amateur service in terms of compli-
ance with those limits:
1) Amateur stations are not licensed
to specific locations, the FCC does not
pre-approve individual amateur instal-
lations and hams may change their
station locations and facilities without
giving the FCC notice or getting
permission;
2) Amateur licenses are granted
based only on successful completion of
an examination;
3) Amateur stations vary greatly in
terms of location, power, and mode;
and
4) As stations engaged primarily in
two-way communication, most amateur
stations transmit no more than 50% of
the time during a given operating peri-
od. (See this month’s CQ Classic arti-
cle on page 21 for the full quote.)
For these reasons, the Commission
felt it was necessary at that time to cre-
ate a unique structure for amateurs to
use in assuring that their stations met
the RF exposure limits. None of this has
changed and everything the FCC said
in 1996 is as valid today as it was then.
Something else to remember: De-
spite dozens of studies over several
decades, there has never been a sin-
gle one that has demonstrated a cause-
and-effect relationship between RF
exposure and adverse health impacts.
Plus, for the past 20+ years, most of us
have been walking around with active
microwave transmitters in our pockets,
on our belts, or in our purses with no
identifiable increase in rates of illness-
es allegedly associated with excessive
RF exposure.
One more thing: Back in the ’90s, the
last time the exposure standards were
changed, the FCC admitted that out of
an abundance of caution, it was setting
maximum exposure levels at 1/10 the
levels thought to potentially cause
harm.
Finally, to our knowledge, there have
been virtually no cases in which ama-
teurs using the methods prescribed
since 1996 have seriously misjudged
their stations’ RF exposure potential
and exposed members of the public to
potentially harmful levels of RF radia-
tion. Yet the Commission now has
changed those methods, purely for its
own convenience, and made many tra-
ditional amateur operations unduly
complicated or virtually impossible
without conducting complex and
expensive “routine” evaluations of RF
exposure.
So let’s look back at the five pillars of
the amateur service set out at the begin-
ning of Part 97 and see how these
changes might affect them.
1) … the value of the amateur service
to the public as a voluntary noncom-
mercial communication service, partic-
ularly with respect to providing emer-
gency communications. – Under the
new rules, setting up a temporary sta-
tion to provide public service or emer-
gency communications will first require
an assessment of RF exposure poten-
tial, including minimum separation dis-
tances from other people. This is
waived in the case of true life-and-death
emergencies, but not during drills and
public service events. Say goodbye to
operating a mobile station along a
crowded racecourse, even with only
brief transmissions.
2) Continuation and extension of the
amateur’s proven ability to contribute to
the advancement of the radio art. –
Experimenting with different transmit-
ters and antennas has been a core part
of amateur radio’s contributions to the
advancement of wireless technology
since the dawn of radio. Now, any time
you put up a new antenna, even tem-
porarily, you will first need to assess its
RF exposure potential before putting a
signal into it. You will also need to
record your determinations and keep
those records in your station files. We
fear that this unnecessary layer of
bureaucratic paperwork will deter many
hams from experimenting and thus limit
(Continued on page 93)
Visit Our Web Site

Faith Hannah Lea, KD3Z, Named Newsline Young Ham of the Year
W
hat do you call a 16-year-old
who’s already a junior in col-
lege, has operated ham radio
from three continents, has had two arti-
cles (so far) published in CQ and has
been an ARES net control during three
different hurricanes? You call her the
2021 Amateur Radio Newsline Young
Ham of the Year, of course!
Meet Faith Hannah Lea, KD3Z, of
Palm Coast, Florida. A member of an
all-ham family, Faith Hannah is the
daughter of James, WX4TV, and
Michelle, N8ZQZ, Lea. Her brother and
two sisters are also hams.
Earning her Technician license at age
10, Faith Hannah upgraded to General
two weeks later and to Extra two
months after that. Less than a year-
and-a-half later, she was invited to join
the 2016 Dave Kalter Memorial Youth
DX team operating PJ6 from the Dutch
island of Saba. “That’s when I realized,”
she told Newsline, “that DXing is amaz-
ing because I absolutely love those
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
NEWS BYTES
huge pileups and getting to talk to all of
those different people.” During the
Saba excursion, she set a new world
distance record for contacts on the SO-
50 satellite, and wrote an article about
it for the AMSAT Journal.
In 2018, Faith Hannah took part in the
week-long “Youngsters on the Air” radio
camp in Johannesburg, South Africa
where she participated in kit-building
and antenna building projects, satellite
operations, and a high-altitude balloon
launch. She was the only American
ham in the group. On the way to South
Africa, Faith Hannah and her father,
James, WX4TV, had a 22-hour layover
in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates.
They were invited by the Emirates
Amateur Radio Society to visit and
operate A62A and A6ØYOZ. Faith 2021 Bill Pasternak, WA6ITF, Memorial
Hannah wrote about the whole experi- Amateur Radio Newsline Young Ham of
ence in an article for CQ that was pub- the Year Faith Hannah Lea, KD3Z.
lished in January 2019. (Courtesy of Amateur Radio Newsline)
In December 2018, Faith Hannah and
her younger sister, Hope, ND2L, along (Continued on page 92)
September 2021 • CQ • 7
Waving Cuban flags and shouting “Homeland and Life!”, thousands of Cubans both in Havana and Miami have been par-
ticipating in historic demonstrations against the communist government to demand a change on the island, plagued by eco-
nomic, political, and social crises. (Credit: Used with the permission of Agencia EFE)

Have you noticed an unusual amount of QRM on 40 meters this summer?

As the author — a South American journalist and ham — explains in this
analysis and commentary, many hams believe it is the result of political
unrest in Cuba spilling over into the ham bands.

Is Cuba Jamming Radio Amateurs?

BY MARTIN BUTERA,* LU9EFO/PT2ZDX

The opinions expressed in this article are those of the author parts of the popular 40-meter band were suddenly being inun-
and do not necessarily represent the views of CQ magazine dated with interference. Hams in Florida reported that the
or of CQ Communications, Inc. – ed. signals were stronger there, enough to make communica-
tion with radio amateurs in Cuba impossible.

C
uba is apparently blocking amateur radio frequencies
to stop communication inside and from outside of the
island nation in the face of political turmoil. Not only
is internet access sporadic, but now there is also intention-
al interference on the 40-meter amateur radio band and it
appears to be coming from Cuba.
Cuban radio operators communicate regularly with hams
in Florida and other areas with large Cuban populations. But
as anti-government protests swept through the streets of
Cuba in July, something strange was happening on the air-
waves. Radio amateurs in the United States discovered that
* Email: <martin_butera@yahoo.com.ar>
Many Cuban radio amateurs have 40-meter radios that
were built many years ago, since the vast majority do not
have funds to buy commercial equipment. In addition, the
rebound of propagation on the 40-meter band facilitates
access to areas of the United States that have a large Cuban
population.
These mysterious signals lasted for several days, and they
could be heard not only in the United States, but also in some
regions of Western Europe such as the United Kingdom,
France, and Spain. Here in South America, in the city of
Brasilia Distrito Federal (capital of Brazil), where I currently
live, I was able to capture the powerful “jamming” signals.
The word “jamming,” as most radio amateurs and listeners
use the term, describes the deliberate use of radio noise or

8 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

signals in an attempt to interrupt com-
munications or prevent listening to
transmissions.
Tracking the QRM
Josh Nass, KI6NAZ, a California radio
amateur and owner of the YouTube
channel HRCC (Ham Radio Crash
Course), was one of the first to try to
locate the source of the interference. In
a video posted on his YouTube chan-
nel, Nass said, “I noticed the interfer-
ence that covered much of the 40-meter
band. Then I had messages from many
Cuban-Americans who are radio ama-
teurs to inform me that it seemed like a
coordinated interference effort.
“This made me turn to the KiwiSDR
network and the TDoA algorithm.
Here we can see the intense jamming on the 40-meter band during the demon-
strations of the Cuban people against their own government.
Thousands of Cubans took to the streets in July in popular protests unlike any in
decades. (Credit: Yamil Lage, with permission from Agence France-Presse - Getty
Images)
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
Indeed, in parallel many of my friends
were also doing the same, and to a large
extent we obtained the same result, that
it seems that the signals come from the
eastern side of Cuba.”
You can see Josh’s complete video
on this topic at: <https://youtu.be/
dtICIDDvnPw>.
ARRL Addresses the
Interference
Bob Inderblizten, NQ1R, of the Ameri-
can Radio Relay League (ARRL) spoke
on the matter as well.
“We are aware of amateur radio
reports of non-amateur signals ob-
served on the amateur radio bands, and
most likely originating in the direction of
Cuba,” he said. “However, because
American radio amateurs have access
to so much spectrum, and therefore the
overall impact is limited in the United
States, and because ARRL is a nation-
al rather than an international organi-
zation, ARRL does not have a role to
play in this situation.”
However, he added, “there is a mech-
anism for fans to report intruders in the
amateur band through the International
Amateur Radio Union (IARU), which
relies on national governments to
enforce regulations, so if interference is
actually generated by the Cuban gov-
ernment, any notification is likely to
have little effect.”
The ARRL added in a post on its web-
site on July 22nd that “there’s no proven
connection between the jamming and
the protests,” and that the IARU has
received no formal complaints so far,
but noted that the FCC is opening an
investigation into the interference.
A Long History of Broadcast
Jamming
The use of jamming in the ideological
war of words between Cuba and the
United States goes back a long time,
although historically most of the jamming
has been directed toward broadcast out-
lets, such as Radio Marti and the Voice
of America, as opposed to amateur radio
communication. The most intense time
undoubtedly took place in the era of the
so-called “Cold War.”
Cuba and the United States are sep-
arated only about 145 kilometers (90
miles) between the southern tip of Key
West, Florida and Havana. In those few
kilometers, the battle of “jamming” has
developed, historically more intense in
terms of interference, a battle that con-
tinues today.
Perspective: The Biggest
Demonstration in Decades
As an Argentine, I can tell you about the
strong bond that exists between Cuba
and Argentina. When the Cuban revo-
lution triumphed in 1959, its main pro-
tagonists were the Cuban Fidel Castro
and the Argentine Ernesto Guevara,
known as “Che Guevara” or simply
“Che”.
Che Guevara is a controversial figure
who arouses many different feelings
among people … there are those who
hate him, love him, or simply respect
him.
Beyond the sensations that it awak-
ens in each one of us, there is no doubt
that it was a Latin American revolution-
ary emblem of the 20th century, achiev-
ing in history an international projection
September 2021 • CQ • 9

Thousands of Cubans head to the national Capitol in Havana
to raise their flags in protest. (Credit: Yamil Lage, with per-
mission from Agence France-Presse - Getty Images)
at the height of other Argentine icons such as tango singer
Carlos Gardel, former first lady Evita Perón, Pope Francis I,
writer Jorge Luis Borges, Formula 1 driver Juan Manuel
Fangio, or soccer players Diego Maradona and Lionel Messi.
Guevara’s memory is always very present in the city of
Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina. For example, his face
can be easily found painted on walls, political flags, football
teams, in tattoos, as well as various artistic expressions, such
as poems, songs, and films.
Briefly explaining the “Cuban problem” here would be very
difficult, but believe me that as an Argentine journalist, it is
something I know very well, because we grew up hearing
about Cuba. I will try to be as objective as possible, and
The U.S. / Cuba “Radio Wars” — A Brief History
BY DANIEL CAMPORINI
The alleged jamming of ham radio communications by the
Cuban government is just the latest “battle” in a “radio war”
that has been going on between the U.S. and Cuba for over
60 years. Over that time, it has usually been the United States
doing the transmitting. Noted Argentine DXer and former
host of the “DX Monitor” program on Trans World Radio
Daniel Camporini offers a brief history. – ed.
The seemingly endless confrontation in the media between
the United States and Cuba actually began shortly before
the revolution came to power in 1959. During the Eisenhower
administration, the possibility of the fall of Batista and the tri-
umph of the guerrillas was anticipated, and plans were estab-
lished if this were to materialize.
This policy of psychological propaganda on the radio
began to take effect in 1960 when the United States started
to develop plans for the invasion of the island in what was
to occur with the landing of Brigade 2506 in the Bay of Pigs,
which would end in failure. In support of the planned inva-
sion, a radio station run by the CIA was installed in the largest
of the Swan Islands (Cisne Islands) located in the Gulf of
Honduras, a short distance from Cuba. On the island, a 50-
kilowatt RCA transmitter was installed that Radio Free
Europe had used on the Czechoslovakian border, which
used the frequency of 1160 kHz (then still Kc/s) in the medi-
10 • CQ • September 2021
explain the reasons for the recent Cuban demonstrations, to
help you better understand why they happened.
The Diaz Canel government and the Communist Party of
Cuba (PCC) say that the protests “are orchestrated and
financed from the United States.” Since the Cuban revolu-
tion overthrew the dictator Fulgencio Batista (1901-1973) in
1959, the United States has always been the “enemy.” And
in fact, the U.S.-imposed economic embargo has suffocated
Cuba for years. But ... Why a mass protest by the Cuban
people, after so long?
The explanation is not easy, it is an unprecedented mix-
ture of many factors, from the Venezuelan crisis to Castro’s
departure from power, the internet, the end of the double
exchange rate (which I’ll explain in a minute) and, of course,
the COVID-19 pandemic.
You cannot look for a simple explanation for the complex
Cuban reality. The protests in the main Cuban cities seem
to have their origin in the severe economic crisis of recent
years, aggravated by the 2020/2021 pandemic, which has
made the shortage of goods even more serious. Essential
products in the country, such as food, hygiene items, and
fuel are in short supply.
Cuba is experiencing an unprecedented amount of eco-
nomic and social problems. It is a poor country that cannot
produce business initiatives within its own country for the
economy to function. In addition to problems in agriculture,
with poor sugar harvests in recent years, and since the arrival
of the internet on the island, although it was always limited,
it is no longer so easy to hide information. Plus, its main ally,
Venezuela, is also experiencing a serious crisis.
The Pandemic and Tourism
The Fidel Castro regime (1926-2016) became extremely
sympathetic to tourism. The dollars the tourists brought were
um-wave band and on shortwave it was heard at 6000 kHz
with 7,500 watts of power. After the military failure, the sta-
tion, under the tone of its aggressive messages, changed
its name to Radio Américas and operated until May 1968.
Later, and until the mid-1990s, a long list of clandestine
radio stations installed by the CIA or by groups of Cuban
exiles supported by the U.S. agency made all kinds of
broadcasts to Cuba. Some of their names were La Voz del
CID (Independent and Democratic Cuba) that broadcast
from Santo Domingo, or Radio Caimán that did so from
somewhere in Central America, possibly Honduras or El
Salvador. Later, a large number of programs produced by
Cuban exiles in Miami could be listened to from their own
computers or by buying time on legitimate U.S. stations.
These stations and programs included La Voz de la
Fundación, Radio Alpha 66, Radio Libertad Cubana, Radio
Abdala, and many others.
Many of these anti-Castro stations slowly began to disap-
pear in the 1990s when the United States began a rap-
prochement with Cuba and started to cut back financial sup-
port. To this day, however, the U.S. Agency for Global Media
(AGM) continues to operate Radio (and Television) Marti, a
station that initially depended on the Voice of America and
is now autonomous, from AGM’s Miami-based Office of
Cuba Broadcasting.
Visit Our Web Site
Something never seen in Cuba, police cars are overturned in the street in the framework of the demonstration against
Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel in Havana, on July 11, 2021. (Credit: Yamil Lage, with permission from Agence France-
Presse - Getty Images)

welcome. A new currency (the CUC) its historic blockade. But the blockade the bureaucracy of the Cuban Commu-
was created, with an exchange rate of is only one element, not the fundamen- nist Party, which has always blamed the
the dollar, in parallel with the Cuban tal cause of the serious social situation “blockade” to justify why there are no
peso. And with the rise of Hugo Chávez suffered by the Cuban people. The freedoms, has kept Cuban workers for
(1954-2013) in Venezuela, Cuba blockade, established in the 1960s, many years with miserable wages of just
gained an important trading partner in failed because of the resistance of the $20 a month. Meanwhile, the leaders of
terms of fuel oil. Cuban people and because they the Cuban Communist Party, the military,
But a factor that nobody expected, believed in the “Cuban Revolution.” and the “new bourgeoisie” live as rich
called “the COVID-19 pandemic,” turned The Cuban people no longer resist or people, with special privileges and in
2020 into a year with zero tourism, the believe in the “Cuban Revolution,” and reserved neighborhoods.
main source of economic income for the
island and that situation did not improve
in 2021, as international tourism has not
seemed to come back as quickly as other
segments of western economies.
Cuba depends heavily on a parallel
economy, derived from both tourism
and dollars sent to residents by relatives
living in exile. These two sources were
both harmed, as tourism practically
stagnated and in June 2021, the Cuban
government restricted the sending of
dollars.
But there are other issues to analyze,
not only economic ones. Also part of the
mix are the lack of political freedom,
state inefficiency and the growing disil-
lusionment of the new generation. It is
a combination of all of these factors that
is behind the popular protests in Cuba.
The Cuban people took to the streets
because they can no longer endure the
poverty that is embedded, tired of the
deterioration of their standard of living. This is the largest anti-government protest that has been held on the island since
the so-called “maleconazo,” when in August 1994, in the middle of a so-called
A Double Standard “special period,” hundreds of people took to the streets of Havana and did not
The United States has partial responsi- leave until then-Cuban leader Fidel Castro arrived. (Credit: Yamil Lage, with per-
bility for the Cuban social crisis due to mission from Agence France-Presse - Getty Images)

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 11

 To give an example, a few months ago Tony Castro, one of
Fidel’s grandsons, shared images of his expensive trips to des-
tinations such as Paris and Spain through his social networks.
In addition, he posted photos of driving a BMW in luxurious
tourist sites in Cuba. This caused great outrage among the
people.
In Cuba, there is no longer any socialism. It is a repres-
sive one-party regime that, in the style of China, rules for the
nouveau riche, while growing poverty and inequality among
its people.
What made the Cuban people angry after such a long time
of peaceful coexistence with the communist regime was not
a new “North American imperialist conspiracy,” but the bru-
tal adjustment applied by the Cuban government in January
of this year. President Miguel Diaz Canel ended the long
period of the existence of two currencies in Cuba, the Cuban
peso and the convertible peso CUC.
By abolishing the convertible peso (CUC), the Cuban peso
ended up at an exchange rate of 24 to 1 U.S. dollar, as the
only official currency. This caused huge price inflation for
local residents, which resulted in a devaluation of the cur-
rency and ended up annihilating the very low salary of Cuban
workers, which was already inhumane.
In addition, for a long time the Cuban people have been
lining up for food, suffering electricity cuts and, in the midst
of the pandemic, medicines are in short supply, showing the
deterioration of the health service.
All this ended up exploding on Sunday, July 11th, in the
town of San Antonio de los Baños, 38 kilometers (24 miles)
from Havana, and quickly spread to other cities and Havana
itself. Thousands of Cubans took to the streets, chanting the
slogan “homeland and life,” seeking food and medicine, and
repudiating the government and its adjustment.
These popular protests may be the beginning of a change
in the situation. There is no doubt that Fidel Castro was more
skilled at handling this type of crisis and was a symbol of the
revolution and an important symbol for the Cuban people.
His brother, Raúl Castro, who ruled Cuba from 2008 to 2018,
still had some of that aura. But since 2018, Miguel Díaz Canel
has been in charge of the country and seems to be unable
to keep the regime standing.
Cuba is democratizing, many analysts speak of a “Cuban
spring,” in reference to the Arab Spring, or the beginning of
the collapse of the regime that has governed Cuba since the
1959 revolution. However, the power of the police and mil-
itary apparatus remains strong, allowing the regime to con-
tain any demonstration in the streets.
But I am sure of one thing: The protests will continue for
a long time, unfortunately with much repression and deaths,
but this time the Cuban people seem to be willing to carry
out their motto “homeland and life,” regardless of the
consequences.
And that is the history and perspective behind the jamming
signals you might be hearing on 40 meters.

Sources consulted:
• Miguel Sorans (member of the leadership of the Socialist Left
of Argentina and the ITU-CI)
<https://argentina.indymedia.org>
• Edison Veiga (Brazilian journalist and writer), Collaboration
for UOL TAB (Reporters in the street in search of reality)
<https://tab.uol.com.br>
• Jason Koebler (Vice.com)
• Photographs by Yamil Lage / Agence France Press; Getty
Images.

12 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 New FCC rules relating to radiofrequency exposure, or
RFE, will complicate many traditional ham activities. Our
panel of authors, including communications attorneys,
walks you through the basics and offers examples of how
to apply the new rules to common situations.

Understanding and Complying

With the FCC’s New Rules on
Analyzing RF Exposure
BY KURT E. DESOTO,* KO4JXB; DAVID E. HILLIARD, KC4TKH; GREGORY J. BUCHWALD, K9QI;
RICHARD F. DIDONNA, NN3W; JERRY W. DAUGHERTY, W9FS; AND BRANDON L. HINTON

E
arlier this year, the FCC changed the way amateurs
need to analyze the RF exposure levels of their sta-
tions to determine whether a detailed evaluation is nec-
essary. It replaced the peak envelope power (PEP) exemp-
tion table that was created specifically for amateurs with
formulas based on effective radiated power (ERP) and sep-
aration distances that apply to all services. As discussed
below, the result is that more amateurs will likely need to con-
duct detailed evaluations to confirm their operations comply
with the agency’s RFE limits. It is important to note upfront
that the limits themselves have not changed. The only
change is to the methods used to determine whether a full
evaluation is needed.
The revised rules apply initially only to new installations;
they do not apply to existing antennas or stations until May
3, 2023, unless those installations are modified so as to affect
their RFE characteristics, such as changing to a different
transceiver with higher transmitter power, reconfiguring an
antenna, or moving an antenna to a new location.1
Given the nature of Amateur Radio Service — in particu-
lar amateurs’ interest in testing the performance and func-
tionality of new antennas, different antenna configurations,
and various antenna locations — the FCC’s rule changes will
likely have a significant and wide-ranging impact on their
operations. Notably, amateurs will be required to make a
number of additional calculations about the technical char-
acteristics of their operations before they may commence
operation and should keep records of their analyses.
This article is not intended to describe every aspect of the
revised rules2 (or to offer legal advice), but to provide a gen-
eral overview of the changes the FCC made to the exemp-
tions that apply to amateur stations and to offer a few exam-
ples of how the changes might affect new installations.
What Are the Differences Between
Compliance, Exemption, and Evaluation?
Before discussing the revised rules, it might be helpful to
explain what the FCC means when it uses the terms “com-
pliance,” “exemption,” and “evaluation.” The FCC has always
required amateurs to comply with the agency’s rules that limit
* Email: <AmDeSoto@cox.net>
RFE. There is no change to this “compliance” obligation or
to the RFE limits themselves; the agency changed only the
way in which amateurs need to determine whether they must
demonstrate compliance with the existing limits.
The FCC’s rules continue to include an “exemption” from
the need for amateurs to conduct an “evaluation” to confirm
that their proposed installations comply with the FCC’s RFE
limits. But the parameters of the exemptions have changed,
as have the methods of determining whether they apply.
Generally, an exemption applies if the proposed installation
meets certain criteria that the FCC has concluded will likely
safeguard against excessive RFE. If a proposed operation
does not meet the criteria, the amateur will be required to
conduct a detailed evaluation (also called a “routine evalua-
tion”) as to whether the proposed facilities meet the FCC’s
RFE limits.
For purposes of this article, the FCC requirement for ama-
teurs (as well as other operators) to protect against exces-
sive RFE will be referred to as the “compliance obligation.”
Determining whether an installation is eligible for an exemp-
tion from conducting a detailed evaluation will be referred to
as an “exemption test.” The detailed evaluation of the RFE
potential will be referred to as an “RFE evaluation.”
Using these terms, the exemption test is used to determine
whether an amateur will need to conduct an RFE evaluation.
Moreover, passing an exemption test does not mean an ama-
teur has an exemption from the compliance obligation. In rare
instances, installations that pass the exemption test might
not actually meet the FCC’s RFE limits, and the amateur still
has an obligation to address the problem and bring the oper-
ation into compliance. Conversely, many installations that do
not pass the exemption test might actually meet the FCC’s
RFE limits, but will require amateurs to conduct an RFE eval-
uation to confirm such compliance.
What Are the New Exemption Test Criteria?
The new exemption test criteria appear in Section 1.1307(b)
of the FCC’s rules and the focus of this article is the criteria
summarized in Table 1. They replace the table in Part 97 that
was adopted specifically for amateurs and was relatively sim-
ple to apply. Under the old rules, amateurs generally only
needed to limit their peak envelope power (PEP) as speci-

14 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 Table 1: FCC Rule Section 1.1307(b)(3)(i)(C)
Single RF Source Exemption Test Criteria
RF Source Frequency (MHz) Threshold ERP (watts)
0.3 – 1.34 < 1,920 R²
1.34 – 30 < 3,450 R²/f²
30 – 300 < 3.83 R²
300 – 1,500 < 0.0128 R²f
1,500 – 100,000 < 19.2 R²
f = MHz; R = the distance (in meters) in any direction to the body of a nearby person from any part of an unshielded
RF source that transmits, generates, or reradiates an RF field. Note: See Section 1.1307(b)(3)(ii) for the exemptions that
apply to multiple RF sources.
fied in that table to pass the exemption test. As discussed
below, amateurs will now need to make certain calculations
that go well beyond simply determining the PEP of their pro-
posed operation; they will need to determine the effective
radiated power (ERP) and the separation distances of the
radiating portions of their antennas from nearby people.
In addition, the specific exemption test criteria to apply will
depend on whether the amateur station consists of a single
RF source or multiple RF sources. Consistent with its effort
to eliminate service-specific criteria from its RFE rules (a key
reason for these changes), the FCC will apply its RFE limits
to what it calls an “RF source.” It explains that the term RF
source is a more general term than “transmitter” or “trans-
mitting antenna.”3
Installations that contain several transmitters and antennas
that can operate simultaneously must be analyzed under the
exemption criteria applicable to a multiple RF source. Such
installations would include, for example, multi-transmitter
contest stations, or stations that support multiple repeaters
that would be operated simultaneously. Installations in which
only one transmitter and radiating antenna would operate at
a time would be analyzed under the criteria for a single RF
source.
What Exemption Test Criteria Apply to
Single RF Sources?
The FCC has adopted three different exemption tests for sin-
gle RF sources:
1) Any installation will be exempted if the maximum time-
averaged power is no more than 1 mW.4 Thus, this exemp-
tion test covers low-duty-cycle and low-power devices, such
as those that operate under Part 15 of the FCC’s rules and
some QRPp (very low power) amateur rigs.
2) Devices that would normally be operated with separa-
tion distances from nearby persons ranging from 0.5 to 40
centimeters (0.2-16 inches) and on frequencies from 300
MHz to 6 GHz will be exempted if their operation meets a for-
mula-based limit.5 Thus, this exemption test could be used
for devices such as portables (or handhelds) and mobiles
that operate on amateur frequencies between 420 MHz and
6 GHz.
3) Finally, amateurs will not need to conduct an RFE eval-
uation if the proposed operation meets the minimum sepa-
ration distance from the body of a nearby person and the
ERP (in watts) is no more than the calculated value pre-
scribed for the relevant frequency, as shown in Table 1.
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
Minimum Separation Distance (meters)
R > λ/2π (where λ is the free-space
operating wavelength in meters),
but not less than 20 cm.
This third exemption test is the focus of this article, as it is
the most relevant to amateurs. This exemption test may be
applied to single RF sources operating from 300 kHz to 100
GHz, which covers most of the amateur bands as well as
other frequencies sometimes used by amateurs, such as
those assigned to the General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS),
the Family Radio Service (FRS), the Multi-Use Radio Service
(MURS), and the Military Auxiliary Radio System (MARS), to
name only a few.
It is important to emphasize that this third exemption test
can only be used if the proposed operation satisfies the rel-
evant minimum separation distance, so meeting that condi-
tion is the first question on the test. The separation distance
(R) is based on the reactive near-field of the operating fre-
quency (i.e., λ/2π) and must be greater than 20 centimeters.
For purposes of this article, the minimum separation distance
will be referred to as “MSD.”
Moreover, the threshold limits shown in Table 1 are in ERP
rather than PEP, as was largely the case under the previous
rule that applied to amateurs. ERP, or effective radiated
power, is the product of the maximum antenna gain (i.e., the
highest far-field power gain relative to a dipole in any direc-
tion) and the maximum delivered time-averaged power
(which is the highest net power delivered or supplied to an
antenna as averaged over a period not to exceed 30 min-
utes). In addition, ERP is summed for each transverse polar-
ization component when present.
For example, if a 200-watt station deploying a single-polar-
ization antenna typically transmits only half of the time and
receives the other half of the time during a 30-minute trans-
mission session, the worst-case time-averaged power is 100
watts. If a 50-watt station typically transmits only 2 minutes
and receives for 4 minutes during a 6-minute transmission
session, the worst-case time-averaged power is 16.6 watts.
If the ERP cannot be easily determined, the FCC’s revised
rules allow for the use of the available maximum time-aver-
aged power in lieu of ERP under this third exemption test,
but only if the physical dimensions of the radiating antenna
do not exceed a quarter-wavelength or if the antenna gain is
less than that of a half-wave dipole (2.15 dBi or 0 dBd).
How Does the Exemption Test Apply to
Amateurs in Practice?
The examples presented below demonstrate how the crite-
ria in the third exemption test would apply to various station
configurations and separation distances operating in select-
ed bands. These are only examples and you should consult
September 2021 • CQ • 15
the FCC’s rules and / or use one of the online calculators
(discussed below) for which exemption test criteria and for-
mulas apply to their specific facilities and frequencies.
Before discussing the examples, four points bear
emphasis:
• First, the examples do not cover installations involving
multiple RF sources.7
• Second, the examples do not cover how the criteria under
the second exemption test (see above) are applied, and ama-
teurs operating on frequencies from 300 MHz to 6 GHz using
devices that normally operate with separation distances from
0.5 to 40 centimeters have the option, but not a requirement,
to use the criteria under that second exemption test.
• Third, the examples are based on worst-case values and
rounded. The actual MSDs and threshold ERP values calcu-
lated under the FCC’s revised rules will vary depending on the
specific frequency or frequencies used in each band. In addi-
tion, the PEP used in the examples is for illustrative purpos-
es only; lower or higher power limits may apply to certain bands
or geographic locations.8 Moreover, these examples do not
include adjustments for transmission line and coupling loss-
es. If an amateur discovers that the proposed operation just
barely fails the exemption test, it might be advisable to con-
sider including such losses in the calculation, as doing so might
result in a reduction in ERP values that would allow the pro-
posed operation to pass the exemption test.
Antenna installations on towers, such as KØNEB’s shown here, will likely pass the FCC’s new RF exposure evaluation
exemption test due to the distance between the radiating portion of the antennas and people on the ground. (KØNEB photo)
16 • CQ • September 2021
• Last, amateurs should keep records showing that their
proposed operations passed the exemption test. The FCC
has not adopted any particular form or format for such records
and these records do not need to be filed with the FCC unless
requested. The FCC staff rarely makes such requests, but if
it does (for example, to respond to a complaint filed by a
neighbor), amateurs will want to ensure they are able to
demonstrate compliance not only with the agency’s RFE
requirements, but also with the FCC’s record-keeping oblig-
ations.9 These records might also be useful in other contexts,
such as in zoning and similar proceedings.
Example 1: 1500 Watts – Tri-Band Yagi –
70-Foot Tower
Determining whether a new station capable of transmitting
on different bands will pass the exemption test will require
the amateur to review each frequency to be used (or at least
each band). As noted above, the first part of the exemption
test will be to determine whether the installation meets the
MSD, or minimum separation distance. A station that oper-
ates with a Yagi antenna on 20, 15, and 10 meters will be
subject to worst-case MSDs of 3.41, 2.28, and 1.71 meters
(or R > λ/2π), respectively, which would be satisfied in this
example if the antenna is top mounted on a 70-foot (21-meter)
tower so that the closest a person could come to the radiat-
ing portion of the antenna (from the ground or a nearby inhab-
ited building) is greater than 3.41 meters (11.2 feet).
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 Assuming the actual separation distance is 19 meters (i.e., above, unless the station is modified so as to affect its RFE
21 meters less 2 meters for the average height of a person), characteristics. Such modifications might include, for exam-
the worst-case threshold ERPs (using the formula 3450 R²/f² ple, using a new transceiver with higher transmitter power,
applicable to the 20, 15 and 10-meter bands) are 6.05, 2.71, reconfiguring the antenna MSDs, or changing the geographic
and 1.42 kilowatts, respectively. Operating on each band location of the antenna. Notwithstanding this transition peri-
separately with a maximum time-averaged power of 750 od, an amateur has a compliance obligation to ensure it oper-
watts (e.g., 1,500 watts PEP with 50% duty cycle) into a sin- ates in conformity with the FCC’s RFE requirements.
gle-polarization Yagi with a gain of less than +3 dBd / 5.15
dBi in each band would pass the exemption test, as the ERP Example 3: 50-Watt HF / VHF / UHF Mobile
value would be approximately 1.4 kilowatts (assuming nom- Station
inal transmission line and coupling losses).
A number of amateurs install mobile rigs in their vehicles that
If the gain of the antenna is higher for one of the bands, say
support operations in the HF, VHF, and UHF bands. Such
+6 dBd / 8.15 dBi on 10 meters, the maximum delivered time-
rigs will have the same difficulties as vertical antennas
averaged power would need to be reduced to 350 watts (e.g.,
described in Example 2 in meeting the MSDs to pass the
700 watts PEP with 50% duty cycle) to achieve an ERP of
less than 1.4 kilowatts to pass the exemption test for opera-
tion on 10 meters.
Decreasing the separation distance to 15 meters or increas-
ing the antenna gain in this example would not affect opera-
tions on 20 or 15 meters, but would affect 10 meters. Passing
the exemption test with a decreased separation distance of
15 meters, which would result in a maximum threshold ERP
in the 10-meter band of 881 watts, would require the ama-
teur to limit the maximum delivered time-averaged power to
425 watts (i.e., 850 watts PEP with 50% duty cycle) when
operating on the 10-meter band using a +3 dBd / 5.15 dBi
gain antenna or to 225 watts when using a +6 dBd / 8.15 dBi
gain antenna.
These calculations may be made using ERP and RFE eval-
uation tools currently available online, but note that the inputs
associated with the exemption test are different from the
inputs associated with an RFE evaluation, as discussed fur-
ther below.

Example 2: 100 Watts – Multi-Band Vertical

Antenna
In this example, an amateur proposes to operate a new sta-
tion on frequencies in the 80-meter through 70-centimeter
bands using a multi-band vertical antenna. Operation on
these bands will be limited to worst-case MSDs from 13.7
meters (45 feet) in the 80-meter band to 0.2 meters (8 inch-
es) in the 70-centimeter band. If the antenna is ground-
mounted at a location where a person could reasonably be
anticipated to get near the antenna (within 45 feet for 80
meters), the MSD applicable to the exemption test (see Table
1) is not met. Accordingly, the amateur must conduct an RFE
evaluation and take any needed mitigation steps to demon-
strate compliance with the FCC’s RFE requirements before
the station may be operated.
It is important to emphasize here that the criteria associat-
ed with the exemption tests are different from those associ-
ated with an RFE evaluation. Notably, the exemption tests
do not distinguish between general population / uncontrolled
and occupational / controlled environments. Moreover, the
amateur must consider whether “any” person (including
unauthorized persons, such as trespassers) may get near
the antenna. In other words, an amateur will need to meet
the MSD under the exemption test even if the antenna is
located within a fenced yard or on the amateur’s private res-
idence. The distinction between general population / uncon-
trolled and occupational / controlled environments will be rel-
evant if an RFE evaluation must be performed, but is not In order to meet the new exemption test, a ham installing a
relevant in the context of exemption test. new multiband vertical would need to determine how close
An amateur with an “existing” station that falls into this cat- anyone — including trespassers! — could get to the radiat-
egory will not be required to conduct an RFE evaluation until ing portion of the antenna. Minimum separation distances
the transition period ends on May 3, 2023, as discussed vary with frequency (see Table 1).

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 17

exemption test, especially in connection with possible HF
operations, which have an MSD of 3.41 meters (11.2 feet) or
greater. Thus, an RFE evaluation will be required to demon-
strate compliance with the FCC’s RFE limits before an ama-
teur may commence mobile HF operations.
Mobile rigs limited to the VHF and UHF bands are more
likely to meet the worst-case MSDs under the exemption test,
as those distances vary from 1.0 meter (3.3 feet) in the 6-
meter band to 0.2 meters (9 inches) in the 23-centimeter
band. On the other hand, such stations might not meet the
threshold ERP limitations. Operating with an MSD of 1.0
meter results in a worst-case threshold ERP of 3.83 watts
applicable to the 6-, 2-, and 1.25-meter bands (based on the
formula 3.83 R²) and worst-case threshold ERPs of 5.3, 11.5,
and 15.8 watts applicable to the 70-, 33-, and 23-centimeter
bands, respectively (based on the formula 0.0128 R²f).
Operating at 25 watts (e.g., 50 watts PEP with 50% duty
cycle) using a +3-dBd / 5.15-dBi gain antenna would exceed
these threshold ERPs. In fact, the station would fail the
exemption test with a unity gain antenna as well. The same
results would occur if the duty cycle is 33%, reducing the
time-averaged power to 16.6 watts.
On the other hand, reducing PEP from 25 watts to 10 watts
or reducing the power into the antenna by calculating trans-
mission line and coupling losses (and applying either a 50%
or 33.3% duty cycle) would pass the exemption test for oper-
ation in the 70-, 33-, and 23-centimeter bands and possibly
the 6-meter band with a 1.0-meter MSD.
Accordingly, amateurs should not be surprised that an RFE
evaluation will likely be required to demonstrate compliance
with the FCC’s RFE limits before operating any new mobile
stations that fit this example. Although amateurs operating
existing mobile stations in this category will not be subject to
the revised rules until May 3, 2023, they may want to con-
sider conducting an RFE evaluation in any event. As
explained above, amateurs have a compliance obligation
notwithstanding the fact they met the previous exemption cri-
teria when they initially installed their mobile rigs.
Example 4: 5-Watt QRP Operation With
End-Fed Half-Wave Antenna
The FCC has stated that “fixed antennas” include those phys-
ically secured at one location, even temporarily, and that are
not able to be easily moved to another location while radiat-
ing. For example, fixed antennas would include those
installed: (a) at temporary locations to conduct transmissions
on a short-term basis, such as during Field Day or contests;
(b) on an experimental basis to test and evaluate their prop-
agation and performance characteristics; or (c) to support

Even on a mountaintop, operating QRP, an end-fed half-wave antenna would be subject to the minimum separation dis-
tance test (including for the operator) as well as the power level test in determining whether the installation is exempt from
an RFE evaluation. In this photo, Doc Khalsa, K7SO, is using the K1JD 5B EFHW on Clara Peak, New Mexico, lifted above
him by a fiberglass pole. The inset photo shows the same antenna, mounted well away from any people on El Cerro de
Los Lunas, south of Albuquerque. (Photos by and courtesy of John DePrimo, K1JD)

18 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

emergency communications (unless much more than the PEP of their pro- To pass the exemption test with more
used to provide essential communica- posed operations to determine if they typical power levels used by amateurs,
tions in connection with the immediate pass the exemption test. The key ques- the RF source of a proposed installation
safety of human life or immediate pro- tion will be whether the proposed instal- may be operated only when separation
tection of property when normal com- lation meets the MSD requirement, distances are much greater than the
munications systems are not available). which did not exist under the previous MSDs. This requirement will likely affect
In this example, assume an amateur rule (except for repeaters). In addition, proposed installations of antennas close
on a hike seeks to operate at a moun- the threshold ERP values at the MSDs to the ground (such as verticals, as dis-
taintop site with a 5-watt PEP trans- under the revised rules are quite low, cussed above, inverted “L”s or “V”s in the
ceiver on frequencies in bands from 80- except in the bands below 30 meters. HF bands, and pole-mounted loops or
6 meters using an end-fed half-wave Thus, proposed facilities with nominal discones in the VHF and higher bands).
antenna (EFHW) that has a gain that is increases in the separation distances It will also affect proposed installations on
less than that of a half-wave dipole. Also for operations on 30 meters and above or near residences or occupied buildings
assume the ERP cannot be determined may fail the exemption test in many and on vehicles.
easily. As noted above, the FCC’s cases, especially when high gain anten- This is not to suggest that the opera-
revised rules allow amateurs to use nas are deployed. tion of such installations is not permis-
maximum time-averaged power in lieu
of ERP in such cases (or if the physical
dimensions of the radiating antenna do
not exceed a quarter wavelength).
Therefore, in this example, the ama-
teur will be under the threshold ERP lim-
itations applicable to each band to pass
the exemption test, even if the operation
has a 100% duty cycle. The only restric-
tion on the operation is that the antenna
installation must comply with the MSD
that applies to each band to be operat-
ed. As noted above, the worst-case MSD
(R>λ/2π) is 13.7 meters (45 feet) for the
80-meter band, 6.9 meters (23 feet) for
the 40-meter band, 1.7 meters (6 feet) in
the 10-meter band, and 1.0 meter (39
inches) in the 6-meter band.
An EFHW antenna installed temporar-
ily in a remote location where the ama-
teur could reasonably anticipate that a
person could not get closer than 45 feet
to the radiating portion of the antenna
would meet the exemption test for all the
bands in this example. If the amateur
cannot meet the MSD for any particular
band, an RFE evaluation would be
required for that band (or a different band
should be chosen – ed.). For example,
if other hikers or passersby could get as
close as 6.9 meters (23 feet) to the radi-
ating portion of the antenna, the instal-
lation would not pass the exemption test
for the 40-meter band or below and an
RFE evaluation would be required
before the amateur could operate in the
40-meter band or below.

Conclusions Based on
Examples
Looking at the revised FCC rules and
these examples, it is clear that deter-
mining eligibility for an exemption is not
as easy as it was previously. Under the
previous rules, most amateurs only
needed to ensure their PEP was less
than the levels specified in FCC Rule
Section 97.13 to qualify for the exemp-
tion. Amateurs will now need to look at
HOME CLAR FUNC DSP A B C

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 19

sible, though. It simply means that they do not pass the
exemption test and the amateur will need to conduct an RFE
evaluation, as described below. The RFE evaluation will
determine whether operation of the proposed installation
meets the agency’s exposure limits notwithstanding the fact
it failed the exemption test or if mitigating safeguards may be
implemented to comply with the FCC’s requirements. In other
words, the amateur will be required to go well beyond sim-
ply assessing whether the facilities pass the exemption test
to avoid the requirement to conduct an RFE evaluation and
actually perform such a study.
In fact, some amateurs have found that determining
whether an exemption applies under the new rules is more
difficult now than conducting an RFE evaluation and that they
might as well as skip the exemption test and perform the RFE
evaluation from the outset, especially given the availability of
online tools, as discussed below.
What If Proposed Facilities Do Not Pass the
Exemption Test?
An amateur who plans to install a new station or antenna that
does not pass the exemption test will be required to conduct
an RFE evaluation before the facilities may be operated. An
RFE evaluation involves a detailed and comprehensive
examination of the RFE potential of the proposed facilities to
determine whether they will comply with the FCC’s limits [in
particular those relating to Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)
and Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE)]. Many of the
inputs used for the exemption test may also be used for the
RFE evaluation (e.g., PEP, MSD, and duty cycle).
As noted above, the RFE evaluation might conclude that
the proposed installation meets the agency’s exposure lim-
its notwithstanding the fact it failed the exemption test. The
FCC has stated that the ERP and MSD exemption criteria it
adopted are conservative so that if they are met there is min-
imal likelihood for the exposure limits for the general public
will be exceeded. Moreover, the procedures and methods
used to conduct an RFE evaluation are more nuanced than
those used in the exemption test. For example, unlike the
exemption test criteria, the RFE evaluation procedures:
• distinguish between general population / uncontrolled and
occupational / controlled environments;
• adjust for duty factor or “source-based” time-averaging
(except in connection with consumer portables and mobiles);
• calculate separation distances from the center of the radi-
ation (rather than from the closest point) of the antenna to
nearby persons; and
• account for the possible reduction of antenna gain due to
ground effects and lower elevation angles (e.g., many anten-
na manufacturers publish azimuthal and elevation patterns
for their antennas, and there are simulation programs, such
as EZNEC <www.eznec.com>, that are geared for amateurs
to determine the “take-off angle” of an antenna and the
decrease in ERP near the antenna supporting structure)
These and other considerations applied during an RFE
evaluation (but not under the exemption test) can reduce the
required separation distances for a given ERP to demon-
strate compliance with the RFE limits.
The amateur will also find out as part of the RFE evalua-
tion whether additional steps may (or must) be taken to mit-
igate RF exposure before commencing operation. These
additional steps might include, among other things: (1)
restricting access to antennas when they are operating, (2)
posting FCC-specified warning signs, and possibly (3) filing
20 • CQ • September 2021
an environmental assessment (EA) with the FCC for review
and processing. A full discussion of the procedures for con-
ducting an RFE evaluation, if required, is beyond the scope
of this article, but links to resources are in Note 10.
Assistance
RFE evaluations — and now the exemption tests — require
amateurs to make certain calculations, some of which can
be complex. Many local clubs and fellow amateurs are typi-
cally willing to help in evaluating the RFE potential or exemp-
tion of proposed operations.
Several online calculators are also available to help assess
your station’s compliance with RFE limits, starting with the
ARRL’s at <http://arrl.org/rf-exposure-calculator>. Also help-
ful are the Lake Washington (WA) Ham Club’s calculator at
<https://tinyurl.com/wy6tjxta> and VP9KF’s online calculator
at <http://hintlink.com/power_density.htm>.
The ARRL is also working with the FCC staff to update the
agency’s tools that amateurs may use to perform exposure
assessments. The ARRL has also released an FAQ regard-
ing the FCC’s revised RFE rules at <https://tinyurl.com/
hsrsws>. The League also has general information about RF
exposure online at <http://arrl.org/rf-exposure>, and the
ARRL book, RF Exposure and You, is available for free down-
load at <https://tinyurl.com/ub2mhx3t>.
Bottom line: Amateurs have been required for years to com-
ply with the FCC’s RF exposure limits and certify on their
license applications (including renewals) that they are in com-
pliance. The limits themselves have not changed, but the
method for determining whether you need to conduct a full-
scale evaluation has. This article, and the various online tools
listed above, are intended to help you better understand and
navigate those new procedures. Amateurs who have tacked
up an exemption cheat sheet on a wall of their shack based
on the old criteria in Section 97.13(c)(1) of the FCC rules will
need to swap it out for one based on the revised rules in
Section 1.1307(b).
NOTES:
1. For more information about the transition period between now and
2023, see the FCC’s Public Notice available at <https://tinyurl.
com/2b9pzpy5>
2. For complete information about the revised requirements, down-
load the FCC’s Report and Order in this proceeding at <https://
tinyurl.com/5x7hwhv2> and the revised rules at <https://tinyurl.com/
n6mxd7px>
3. See Report and Order, para. 8 & n.18
4. See FCC rules, 47 C.F.R. § 1.1307(b)(3)(i)(A)
5. See § 1.1307(b)(3)(i)(B)
6. See § 1.1307(b)(3)(i)(C)
7. See § 1.1307(b)(3)(ii) for the exemption tests that apply to multiple
RF sources
8. See § 97.313
9. See § 97.103
10. For more information regarding RFE evaluation procedures, see
Sections 1.1307(a) and 1.1310 of the FCC’s rules as well as the Office
of Engineering and Technology (OET) Bulletin 65, available at
<https://tinyurl.com/3rmvb4dx>. Bulletin 65 includes Supplement B pub-
lished in 1997 (available at <https://tinyurl.com/96beasx5>), specifical-
ly addressing the obligations of amateurs, but note that those portions
of the Bulletin and Supplement that are inconsistent with the FCC’s
revised rules should be deemed superseded, especially those pertain-
ing to exemptions. Updated guidance is in the works.
Disclaimer: Information in this article does not reflect the
views of Wiley Rein LLP or its clients nor is it intended to
be used as a replacement for legal advice. It is current as
of this writing and is for informational purposes only.
Contact your consultant before taking any action based on
information in this article.
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CQ CLASSIC
The Old “New” RF Exposure Rules
This issue features a guide to understanding and complying with the FCC’s new
rules regarding RF exposure assessments and evaluations. The previous rules were
in effect for nearly 25 years, so we thought it would be useful to look back at our
own reporting on the adoption of those rules in 1996. In his November 1996 col-
umn, “Washington Readout” editor Fred Maia, W5YI (now SK), took a close look
not only at the new rules but at the discussions and debates leading up to their
adoption. – W2VU
BY FREDERICK O. MAIA, W5YI
WASHINGTON READOUT
REGULATORY NEWS IN THE WORLD OF AMATEUR RADIO
FCC Updates RF Safety Guidelines
“We find it to be the duty of the licensee of an amateur station
to prevent the station from transmitting from any place where
the operation of the station could cause human exposure to
levels of RF radiation that are in excess of the limits we are
adopting.” FCC in ET Docket 93-62
T
he FCC has adopted new guidelines and methods for eval-
uating the environmental effects of radio frequency (“RF”)
emissions from FCC-regulated transmitters, including cel-
lular telephone, amateur radio, radio and television broadcast,
and satellite communications antennas. The Commission said the
updated guidelines generally are more stringent than the current
rules, and are based on recommendations of the federal health
and safety agencies. The Commission stated that the new rules
will protect the public and workers from strong RF emissions.
History of The Proceeding
The RF portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is generally con-
sidered to range from 3 kHz to 300 GHz. All transmissions by
amateur operators, of course, occur in this range. As a general
rule, the higher the frequency, the greater the energy content
and potential for damage through heating of biological tissue.
There is disagreement over exactly what levels of RF radiation
are “safe,” particularly with regard to low levels of exposure.
Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, the
Commission is required to consider environmental effects when
performing its licensing and regulatory functions. However, the
FCC is not a proficient health and safety agency and therefore
must rely on expert organizations for guidance on appropriate
standards to use to ensure the safety of equipment that emits
RF radiation. These expert health and safety agencies are the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA), the National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA).
The new guidelines (ANSI/IEEE C95.1- 1992) were developed
to replace those which were previously used by the FCC for envi-
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
ronmental evaluation (ANSI/IEEE C95.1-1982). The Com-
mission adopted the 1982 ANSI standard in 1985, noting that
the ANSI standard was widely accepted and was technically and
scientifically supportable.
The 1982 safety recommendations were meant to alert every-
one of the possible harmful effects in human beings of RF fields
between 200 kHz and 100 GHz and made wide use of a term
called “specific absorption rate,” or SAR. This basically is the
time frame in which RF is absorbed into the human body. While
complex formulas apply, the guidelines say that low-power trans-
mitters with 7 watts or less input power are safe.
Since then the FCC has used this standard as its processing
guideline for determining the potential environmental impact of
RF emissions. Applicants for certain radio facilities had to pre-
pare an Environmental Assessment (EA) if the transmitter could
expose the general public or workers to levels of RF radiation
that are in excess of the 1982 ANSI guidelines. Many low-power
and intermittent RF transmitters (including amateur radio) were
“categorically excluded” from routine evaluation for RF radiation
exposure based on data indicating that they would not normal-
ly cause exposures in excess of the guidelines.
In 1990 the FCC and EPA completed a joint measurement
study of amateur radio installations in southern California. The
objective was to obtain information on the potential impact of RF
fields on amateur operators and others who might be present in
the immediate vicinity of the station. The results of the test
showed that while some field strengths at HF frequencies can
be relatively high, the potential hazard may be less than for lower
field strengths measured at VHF frequencies where the highest
specific absorption rates (SARs) occur in human beings.
Ground-level field strength readings at HF frequencies were rel-
atively low. You had to get into the man “beam” path to obtain
significant radiation levels.
It appears that vehicle-mounted amateur antennas which are
closer to the ground create the greatest possibility for significant
exposure in publicly accessible areas. There were several cases
where the peak levels of RF exposure exceeded limits recom-
mended for “uncontrolled” environments. Generally, RF field
September 2021 • CQ • 21
strengths encountered inside amateur shacks were well below
IEEE recommended exposure limits.
New, Updated RF Safety Standards Proposed
On March 11, 1993 the FCC issued a Notice of Proposed Rule-
making which looked toward using the RF guidelines adopted in
1992 by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) as their stan-
dard for evaluating environmental radio-frequency (RF) radiation
from FCC-regulated transmitters. The 1992 ANSI/IEEE standard
generally is more restrictive in the amount of environmental RF
exposure permitted. It also extends the frequency range under
consideration to cover frequencies from 3 kHz to 300 GHz.
The 1992 ANSI/IEEE standard specifies two tiers of exposure
criteria—one tier for “controlled environments” (usually involving
workers) and another, more stringent tier for “uncontrolled envi-
ronments” (usually involving the general public). Since they are
usually in residential environments, amateur radio installations
can be both in a “controlled"“ and “uncontrolled environment.”
The 1982 ANSI standard specified only one set of exposure
limits, regardless of whether the individual exposed was a work-
er or a member of the general public. The 1992 ANSI/IEEE stan-
dard for the first time also includes specific restrictions on cur-
rents induced in the human body by RF fields.
The 1992 ANSI/IEEE standard also is generally more restric-
tive in the evaluation of low-power devices, such as hand-held
radios and cellular telephones, than the 1982 standard which
permitted exclusion from compliance with the MPE limits if the
input power of the radiating device was 7 watts or less. The new
guidelines also proposed to eliminate the categorical exemption
for radio amateurs, which could result in amateurs having to
prove that their transmissions do not expose anyone to RF radi-
ation in excess of the 1992 ANSI/IEEE guidelines. The new stan-
dard is five times more strict for devices operating in “uncon-
trolled” environments and includes all hand-held radios where
the antenna is located close to body of the user.
The deadline for comments on the new proposed RF safety
guidelines was January 25, 1994, later extended to April 25th.
The EPA did not like the terms “controlled” and “uncontrolled”
environments. They preferred “workers” and the “public,” with all
amateur operators being part of the “public.” This would have
subjected all of amateur radio to the more stringent guidelines.
ARRL Dispute Over RF Safety Standards
The ARRL wanted continuation of the categorical exemption for
radio amateurs and said that “... the FCC should rely on ama-
teur self training and educational efforts to ensure RF safety in
the service.” Their blue-ribbon Committee on the Biological
Effects of RF Energy consisted of recognized experts in the field
biological hazards of RF radiation (Ivan Shulman, M.D., Chair-
man (WC2S, Malibu, CA), W. Ross Adey, M.D. (K6UI, Redlands,
CA); David J. Rodman, M.D. (KN2M, Buffalo, NY); Samuel
Milham, M.D.; Thomas Rozzell, ScD (WA4ZTT, Fairfax, VA);
and Wayne Overbeck, Ph.D (N6NB, Tustin, CA).
The ARRL saw the primary job of the Bio-Effects Committee
to be an advisor to the ARRL Board on RF and health. But they
never said that the board would take their advice—and they
didn’t. The Committee disagreed with the board’s position that
amateur radio should continue to be categorically exempt from
compliance with any FCC-adopted radiation safety standard,
and they charged that the ARRL Board ignored their recom-
mendations in their comments.
The Bio-Effects Committee ended up filing comments on their
own behalf as the “Amateur Radio Health Group” and not as
ARRL representatives. The group argued that all hand-held
transceivers with power outputs exceeding 1.4 watts should be
required to have prominent warnings mounted on the unit itself,
about the “probable hazards associated with their use.”
It said, “Education alone cannot work if a large percentage of
radio amateurs neither read the publications nor join the orga-
22 • CQ • September 2021
nizations that endeavor to educate them.” The Health Group rec-
ommended that the FCC publish a guide “ . . . showing required
separation distances between antennas and inhabited areas for
each amateur band and each major antenna type, with trans-
mitter power levels of 10 watts, 100 watts, and 1000 watts, for
example.”
“The FCC should not subject all amateurs to the requirements
of environmental studies and processing, because it would be
too expensive and would inundate the FCC with paperwork.
Instead the FCC should place in Part 97 a chart showing the cal-
culated field intensities at various distances from antennas hav-
ing various directive patterns, driven by transmitters of various
power output levels. This chart might indicate the thresholds set
by the 1992 ANSI guideline, if the FCC chooses to adopt that
guideline as a standard exposure to RF energy. The FCC could
also add questions about electromagnetic safety to license
exams, and require applicants to certify that they have read and
understand the FCC guidelines and agree to comply.”
After the board learned that members of the Bio-Effects
Committee had filed comments in this proceeding, the League
required that Committee members sign a statement—to be
attached to the ARRL's reply comments—intended to soften the
disagreement between the board and the Bio-Effects
Committee. They were even told what the statement should say.
When it became apparent that committee members were
unwilling to comply, the primary author of the comments, Wayne
Overbeck, N6NB, was dismissed. The ARRL's Bio-Effects
Committee said, “This sequence of events would suggest that
in the board's view, the Bio- Effects Committee exists not to pro-
vide expert advice to the board, but instead to lend credibility to
whatever position the board chooses to adopt.”
The ARRL Bio-Effects Committee Quits!
On June 1st the ARRL’s entire hand-picked committee of inter-
nationally acknowledged experts in the field of potential health
risks from exposure due to RF radiation resigned! The League’s
Bio-Effects chairman, Dr. Ivan Shulman, WC2S, wrote a sting-
ing 5-page letter to League President George Wilson, W40YI,
telling him why the Committee resignation was necessary.
The current ARRL Bio-Effects Committee was appointed in
January 1990 by then ARRL Pres. Larry Price, W4RA, “ . . . with
the distinctive charge of revitalizing organized amateur radio’s
concern for the limitation of bio effects hazards that might arise
from the participation of individuals in the hobby of amateur
radio.” Wayne Overbeck, Ph.D (then ARRL Southwestern
Division Vice-Director) was appointed Board Liaison.
“Since that time, the Committee has worked to rewrite virtu-
ally all the sections pertaining to bio-effects hazards in all the
ARRL publications offered to the public. In addition, the Com-
mittee has monitored and reported to the board on current pro-
jects that the Committee has been involved in, including the
FCC/EPA study of field strength measurements at various ama-
teur radio installations in southern California.
“The new proposed 1992 ANSI guidelines are more restric-
tive and could require equipment manufacturers to demonstrate
compliance in workplace (controlled) and residential (uncon-
trolled) environments where people are inadvertently exposed
to RF energy. The impact of the new guidelines to amateur radio
is massive, since ham operators are exposed to RF radiation on
a voluntary (controlled) basis and their neighbors are exposed
on an involuntary (uncontrolled) basis. The new guidelines also
extend the frequency range under consideration from 3 kHz to
300 GHz—every ham band! Hand-held transceivers also are
scheduled to come under new scrutiny. Previously, hand-held
transceivers radiating under 7 watts were excluded.
“Unbelievably, as important as this proposal was to amateur
radio operations, the League's Board of Directors chose to
exclude participation by its own chosen panel of experts, the
ARRL Bio-Effects Committee.... The members of the ARRL Bio-
Effects Committee plan to continue to contribute to an under-
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standing by amateur radio operators of the issues relating to the
potential bio-hazards of our activities as radio operators, and as
such will remain active in our continued review of information
and research in this field as it becomes available.
“We plan to remain available to any and all amateur radio oper-
ators who seek our counsel. We further plan to continue to speak
out in matters that concern us as individuals and as private cit-
izens as they pertain to our deep and fundamental interest in
amateur radio.
“We will, however, not allow our names to be subject to the
political machinations and narrow views of individuals who seek
to use us for their own aims as ‘window dressing’ for you or the
League.”
Ruling by FCC on RF Exposure Guidelines
Acting at the express direction of the Congress, the Commission
has now adopted the new guidelines and methods for evaluat-
ing the environmental effects of radio-frequency (RF) radiation
from FCC-regulated transmitters—including amateur radio. The
new standards were adopted essentially as proposed.
The FCC believes that the new guidelines will better protect
the public and workers from exposure to potentially harmful RF
fields. The FCC especially took the comments of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA), and other federal health and safety agen-
cies into consideration to develop what they believe to be a con-
sensus view of the federal agencies responsible for matters relat-
ing to the public safety and health.
The Telecommunications Act of 1996, which was enacted on
February 8, 1996, required that: “Within 180 days after the enact-
ment ofthis Act, the Commission shall complete action in ET
Docket 93-62 cribe and make effective rules regarding the envi-
ronmental effects of radio frequency emissions.” The new rules
were released on the 175th day.
The Commission also adopted limits for specific absorption
rate (SAR) for evaluating certain hand-held devices, such as cel-
lular and PCS telephones, based on ANSI/IEEE and NCRP rec-
ommendations. The new RF guidelines will apply to applications
for stations filed with the FCC after January 1, 1997.
The Commission said this should provide a reasonable tran-
sition period for parties to come into compliance with the new
requirements. Guidelines and requirements for evaluation of
hand-held devices will apply immediately. Here is what the FCC
had to say about amateur radio. This is a direct quote from ET
Docket No. 93-62:
Amateur Radio
“Amateur stations present an unusual case with respect to
compliance with RF exposure guidelines. First, over 700,000
amateur stations in the United States are authorized by our rules
to transmit from any place where the Commission regulates the
service, as well as on the high seas. The Commission does not
pre-approve individual amateur station transmitting facilities and
no additional application is made for permission to relocate an
amateur station or to add additional stations at the same or other
locations.
“Second, the granting of a license is solely conditional upon
the applicant passing an examination demonstrating that the
examinee possesses the operational and technical qualifications
required to perform properly the duties of an amateur operator
under our rules.
“Third, amateur stations vary greatly. Amateur stations are
located in dwellings, in air, surface and space craft, and carried
on the person. Many of these stations transmit from residential
or other areas where individuals may be in close proximity to an
RF radiator. In addition, amateur station transmissions are made
intermittently and may involve as many as 1,300 different emis-
sion types—each with a distinctive on-off duty cycle.
“Finally, most amateur stations engage only in two-way com-
munications. Thus, even when in operation, the station is usu-
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
ally transmitting but half of the time. There are many variables,
therefore, to be considered in determining whether an amateur
station complies with guidelines for environmental RF radiation.
"Measurements made during a Commission/EPA study of sev-
eral typical amateur stations in 1990 indicated that there may be
some situations where excessive exposures could occur.
Furthermore, among amateur operators themselves there
appears to be varying degrees of knowledge concerning the
potential hazards of RF radiation. At least one prominent ama-
teur radio publication has a comprehensive section dealing with
potential RF hazards at amateur stations.
“Comments on continuing to exempt amateur stations from
demonstrating compliance are divided. The ARRL opposes
inclusion, and claims that most amateur operators adopt the phi-
losophy of prudent avoidance—that is, they avoid unnecessary
exposure to electromagnetic radiation as a common-sense
response to potential, but not yet proven, health hazards.
“The ARRL also states that its publications, which include sec-
tions on RF safety, urge amateur operators to practice prudent
avoidance wherever possible and are sufficient to keep the ama-
teur community informed of the hazards of RF radiation. The
ARRL and the ARRL Bio-Effects Committee support ‘prudent
avoidance’ and state that most amateur operators do not pos-
sess the requisite equipment, technical skills, and/or financial
resources to conduct an environmental analysis if the categori-
cal exclusion for Part 97 were eliminated.
“The ARRL argues that amateur stations, because of their
intermittent operation, low duty cycles, and relatively low power
levels, rarely exceed the 1992 ANSI/IEEE standard. Further, the
ARRL suggests that the risk of exceeding those levels would
only be relevant for a licensee and his or her family. The ARRL
maintains that in this experimental service it is better to rely on
education and testing of licensees than on submission of a com-
plex environmental assessment which would not be valid for long
in most cases since much amateur station transmitting equip-
ment, especially antennas, is constructed and designed by the
licensee and often changes. Therefore, the ARRL argues that
amateur service licensees should not be subjected to routine
environmental processing.
“The ARRL states that if the Commission applied these rules
to the amateur radio service, it then must facilitate the installation
of amateur station antennas in configurations that will permit com-
pliance with the RF exposure guidelines by issuing a more com-
prehensive preemption statement with respect to amateur station
antennas than now exists, and must completely preempt the judi-
cial enforcement of restrictive covenants which result in amateurs
installing station antennas indoors or at locations on a horizontal
plane with human occupants of residences. Indeed, the ARRL
continues, such an order is overdue anyway; but the combination
of adoption of a strict RF exposure standard and continuation of
a hands-off attitude with respect to antenna covenants is tanta-
mount to a license revocation, as it would preclude the operation
of any amateur station subject to both restrictions.
“The ARRL Bio-Effects Committee claims that amateur oper-
ators normally would be exempted from environmental review
requirements, since most engage in operations that would not
cause the ANSI/IEEE guidelines to be exceeded. However, it
notes, a 100 watt VHF ‘vehicular installation’ may produce high-
er fields inside the vehicle than the ANSI/IEEE standard would
allow. Furthermore, hand-held transceivers, facilities employing
indoor antennas, and facilities engaging in specialized activities
such as ‘moonbounce’ communication, may produce significant
localized fields near the antenna.
“Further, the ARRL Bio-Effects Committee notes that a com-
prehensive environmental review would be too burdensome both
for the amateur operators and the Commission staff. It therefore
recommends that a tabular chart showing the calculated field
intensities at various distances from antennas having directive
patterns, driven by transmitters of various power output levels
common in the amateur service, be added to Part 97.
September 2021 • CQ • 23
 “The ARRL Bio-Effects Committee also recommends insert-
ing questions about electro-magnetic radiation safety in each
amateur operatorlicense examination and requiring certification
on the license application that the applicant has read the Com-
mission guidelines, understands them, and agrees to comply.
Under this scheme, the ARRL Bio-Effects Committee argues,
amateur operators would follow the policy of ‘prudent avoidance’
that the ARRL publications now advocate.
“Professor Wayne Overbeck, N6NB, filing comments as an
individual, believes that few amateur operators are aware of the
electromagnetic radiation levels present near their own amateur
stations and that rather than being excluded from our require-
ments, the amateur service should be subject to the standard for
‘uncontrolled environments’ through language added to Part 97.
“Professor Overbeck points out that vast numbers of amateurs
are neither members of the ARRL nor subscribers to any ama-
teur service magazines and consequently these educational
sources are not sufficient to ensure adherence to our guidelines.
Because actual measurements would be financially prohibitive
for most amateur operators, Professor Overbeck recommends
that we promulgate a rule requiring amateur operators to adopt
operating and antenna-placement practices calculated to meet
the exposure limits and that they be required to certify on their
application forms that they have read and will adhere to the
guidelines for antenna placement.
“Finally, Professor Overbeck suggests that we promulgate an
amateur service version of OST [Office of Science and Tech-
nology] Bulletin No. 65 that would include charts and tables
showing required separation distances between antennas and
inhabited areas for various power levels. He also suggests that
amateurs be tested on this topic as part of operator license
examinations.
“Decision. The Commission expects all its licensees to com-
ply with the RF guidelines specified in our rules, or, if not, to file
an Environmental Assessment (EA) for review under our NEPA
procedures. After a thorough review of the comments and the
results of an FCC/EPA measurement study, we conclude that,
although it appears to be relatively small, there is a potential for
amateur stations to cause exposures to RF radiation in excess
of these guidelines.
“Amateur stations can transmit with up to 1500 watts peak
envelope power on frequencies in specified bands from 1,800
kHz to over 300 GHz. Certain of the emission types permitted
have high duty cycles—for example, frequency or phase shift-
ed digital signals. Amateur stations are not subject generally to
restrictions on antenna gain, antenna placement, and other rel-
evant exposure variables.
“Even though situations where exposures are excessive may
be relatively uncommon and even though most amateur stations
transmit for short periods of time at power levels considerably
lower than the maximum allowed, the possibility of human expo-
sure to RF radiation in excess of the guidelines cannot be dis-
regarded. Therefore, a blanket exemption for all amateur sta-
tions does not appear to be justified, and we will apply our new
guidelines to amateur stations.
“We will rely upon amateur licensees to demonstrate their
knowledge of our guidelines through examinations. We will also
rely on amateur licensees to evaluate their own stations if they
transmit using more than 50 watts of output power. Applicants
for new licenses and renewals also will be required to demon-
strate that they have read and that they understand our applic-
able rules regarding RF exposure.
“We find it to be the duty of the licensee of an amateur station
to prevent the station from transmitting from any place where the
operation of the station could cause human exposure to levels of
RF radiation that are in excess of the limits we are adopting.
"We concur with the ARRL that amateur operators should fol-
low a policy of prudent avoidance of excessive RF exposure.
We will continue to rely upon amateur operators, in construct-
ing and operating their stations, to take steps to ensure that their
24 • CQ • September 2021
stations comply with the MPE limits for both occupational/con-
trolled and general-public/uncontrolled environments. In this
regard, we recognize and agree with the ARRL's position that
the occupational/controlled limits generally can be considered
adequate for situations involving amateur stations considering
the most commonly used power levels, intermittent operation,
and frequencies involved.
“We recognize that operation in the amateur radio service pre-
sents certain unique conditions. Nonetheless, we are concerned
that amateur radio operations are likely to be located in resi-
dential neighborhoods and may expose persons to RF fields in
excess of the MPE guidelines. We will consider amateur radio
operators and members of their immediate household to be in
a ‘controlled environment’ and will apply the occupational/con-
trolled MPE limits to those situations.
“Neighbors who are not members of an amateur operator's
household are considered to be members of the general public,
however, since they cannot reasonably be expected to exercise
control over their exposure. In those cases general popula-
tion/uncontrolled exposure MPE limits will apply.
“We believe that the burden for action to assure compliance
with RF exposure limits should fall on the relatively few licensees
who operate stations that can potentially cause individuals,
knowingly or unknowingly, to be exposed to RF energy in excess
of these guidelines. We want the licensees of such stations to
provide adequately for RF safety.
“We do not believe, however, that a detailed EA or other rou-
tine environmental filing is practical or necessary. To make the
complex determination of possible excessive exposure as sim-
ple as possible, we are specifying a threshold limit for transmit-
ter power that will apply regardless of frequency used.
“Below 50 watts transmitter power, the licensee will not be
required to take any action,unless requested by Commission
staff pursuant to Section 1.1307© or 1.1307(d) of our rules.
Above this power threshold, the licensee must perform a rou-
tine evaluation to predict if the RF radiation could be in excess
of that allowed by the criteria listed in §1.1310. If so, the licensee
must take action to prevent such an occurrence.
“The action could be in the form of altering operating patterns;
relocating the antenna; revising the station's technical parame-
ters such as frequency, power, or emission type; or combina-
tions of these and other remedies. To assist with routine evalu-
ation of exposure levels in accordance with the guidelines, we
encourage the amateur community to develop and disseminate
information in the form of tables, charts, and computer analyti-
cal tools that relate such variables as operating patterns, emis-
sion types, frequencies, power, and distance from antennas.
“We also intend to provide straightforward methods for amateur
operators to determine potential exposure levels. This informa-
tion could be included in our updated version of OST Bulletin
No. 65, or we may follow the suggestion to develop a separate
bulletin tailored for the amateur service community.
“As a result of the adoption of a transition period, which was
discussed earlier, the new guidelines will apply to amateur sta-
tions beginning January 1,1997. This should provide sufficient
time for the amateur community and the Commission staff to
prepare the necessary information to help amateur operators
comply with these requirements.
“As suggested by the ARRL, the ARRL Bio- Effects Com-
mittee, and Professor Overbeck, we are amending our rules to
require the operator license examination question pools to
include questions concerning RF safety at amateur stations.
We are requiring an additional five questions on RF safety with-
in each of three written examination elements. We also are
adopting the ARRL's proposal that amateur operators should
be required to certify, as part of their license application
process, that they have read and understand our bulletins and
the relevant FCC rules. We will rely on our Wireles Tele-
communications Bureau to develop suitable methods for
obtaining this certification.” 73, Fred, W5YI
Visit Our Web Site
Results of the 2021 CQ World Wide
WPX SSB Contest
BY BUD TRENCH, AA3B

“WPX SSB continues to be my favorite contest of the season and it never seems
to disappoint in participation and fun.” – Kam, TI7W (N3KS)

T
he prelude to CQWW WPX SSB
2021 was ominous. How would
lingering pandemic concerns,
uninspiring conditions, and revised
rules influence the contest outcomes?
I am pleased to report that the radio=
sport community demonstrated its
resilience to overcome these uncer-
tainties and made this year’s contest Table 1. 2021 vs. 2020 submitted logs and operator counts
one for the record books.
The 2020 running of CQWW WPX
SSB occurred shortly after COVID-19
lockdowns were established in many
parts of the world. Some of these
restrictions were relaxed for 2021,
resulting in a significant increase in
Multi-Operator (Multi-Op) activity as
shown in Table 1. While logs were down
as compared to 2020, the number of
operators hit record levels in 2021, dri-
ven by a nearly 2x increase in Multi-Op
logs and a nearly 2.5x increase in Multi-
Op participants.
Over 2.1 million QSOs were reported
as shown in Table 2, which provides
metrics on activity levels by continent..
A comparison of 2021 versus 2020

director@cqwpx.com Table 2. 2021 activity level summary by continent

Figure 1. Single-Op All-Band operating time histogram

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 25

Antenna farm at UA3DPX courtesy of Alex, UC5C (Single Op, High Power, 20 meters)
WORLD
Single Op All Band High Power
TI7W (N3KS) .............19,233,600
IR4M (IK4MGP) .........14,071,250
P3X (5B4AMM)..........13,350,563
VB3E (VE3AT)...........13,008,549
UW2M (URØMC).......12,892,374
Single Op 28 MHz High Power
CX2DK.........................1,217,236
LU1DX ............................454,212
PP5RT ............................323,338
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
PT5J (PP5JR)............11,827,837
LU5FC .........................5,387,382
CV7S (CX7SS) ............5,135,400
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
S55OO.........................6,834,681
S5ØK ...........................6,648,830
UPØL (UN9LW) ...........6,354,810
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
IO4X (IT9RGY) ..........11,481,822
CR6T .........................10,030,726
IB9A (IT9RBW) ............8,496,284
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
9A88A (9A1UN) ...........3,001,440
HG5A (HA5IW) ............2,928,000
9A5ØY (9A3LG)...........2,914,890
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
HGØR (HAØNAR) ..........486,948
SN7D (SQ7D) .................456,548
S56X ...............................380,250
Single Op All Band Low Power
P4ØA (KK9A).............10,669,630
WP3C (N2TTA)............5,313,936
LY4L ............................3,953,191
HZ1TT..........................3,593,294
TM3Z (F4DSK) ............3,229,248
Single Op 28 MHz Low Power
PU5FJR ..........................695,980
OA4DTU .........................246,675
CX9ARH .........................154,020
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
EB8AH (EA8AH)..........4,835,198
26 • CQ • September 2021
2021 CQWW WPX SSB TOP SCORES
ZV2C (PY2CX) ............1,941,819
OD5ZZ .........................1,512,381
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
IF9A (IT9ATF)..............1,436,796
PY2NY .........................1,298,219
LX7I (F4HWS) .............1,217,091
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
OL9R (OK6RA)............2,131,862
4Z5UN .........................1,880,703
RC7KY.........................1,865,985
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
PBØØT (PA2TMS) ......1,335,516
E74R...............................764,855
OK1AY............................700,375
Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
HA8BE ............................292,752
OK6Y (OK2PTZ).............291,368
PC3T...............................219,741
Single Op All Band QRP
LY9A ...............................915,607
ES6RW ...........................692,040
LZ1DM ............................606,300
E74Y ...............................494,760
DL8LR.............................417,240
Single Op 28 MHz QRP
HS5YLK ..............................9,672
3G3O (XQ3OP) ..................7,228
PU2VOR .............................2,916
Single Op 21 MHz QRP
UN4L...............................236,600
BG7SSK ...........................91,332
YB1UUN ...........................79,704
Single Op 14 MHz QRP
EA5HJV ..........................738,290
LY2OU ............................138,684
YU1NR..............................73,485
Single Op 7 MHz QRP
IZ1ANK ...........................197,160
S52CQ ..............................66,898
SN5L.................................62,805
Single Op 3.7 MHz QRP
SQ8MFB ...........................57,186
YU3LAX ............................47,996
DL8RB ..............................10,050
Single Op 1.8 MHz QRP
DP5A ................................53,144
LY4T .................................33,082
HA1TI................................24,696
Multi-Single High Power
RL3A..........................21,951,100
UP2L..........................19,201,083
E7DX .........................19,082,232
UA7K .........................17,480,268
EW5A.........................16,178,220
Multi-Single Low Power
3V8SS..........................4,741,919
ZW8T ...........................4,464,040
TC7G ...........................4,435,743
EC5AN.........................4,273,488
HZ1TL..........................4,116,840
Multi-Two
II2S ............................23,172,420
RT4F..........................19,707,587
OM77PA ....................15,321,438
HG7T .........................14,661,278
C6AGU ......................11,998,756
Multi-Multi
LZ9W .........................31,925,696
YT5A..........................27,662,251
ND7K .........................16,255,494
DP7D .........................11,922,496
NR6O...........................8,839,000
Multi-Ditributed
PS2T..........................23,811,570
WW1X........................19,584,000
IQ4FA ........................12,589,255
J42S.............................6,572,714
OO4O ..........................4,212,864
Rookie
High Power
DL4VDA.......................1,651,650
IUØOVB.......................1,522,392
9M2TDX.......................1,037,300
YU3DKO .........................977,676
AK1MD ...........................900,592
Rookie
Low Power
9M2SAF..........................920,885
S55AL .............................607,066
SP8ALT ..........................511,430
YC1LJT...........................449,264
4I1EBD ...........................438,703
Classic
High Power
CQ3W (DF7EE) ...........8,396,544
UB8A (UA9BA) ............8,173,308
VE3EJ..........................7,703,030
VC2W (VA2WA) ..........7,633,944
IR6T (IK6JNH) .............6,041,088
Rookie
Low Power
P4ØA (KK9A)...............6,926,542
WP3C (N2TTA)............3,081,188
UW8SM .......................1,324,576
PY2NY .........................1,298,219
IO8O (IK8UND)............1,195,488
Tribander / Wires
High Power
PJ4DX..........................7,139,367
PQ2M (PY2MNL).........6,829,284
CT3KN .........................5,617,425
T6A (S53R)..................4,357,685
HZ7C (7Z1SJ)..............4,031,518
Tribander / Wires
Low Power
HI3T .............................3,025,269
LZ7X ............................1,722,688
EF7W (EC7KW)...........1,684,125
YL1ZF ..........................1,322,511
HZ1BW ........................1,208,070
UNITED STATES
Single Op All Band High Power
AC1U (N1UR) ..............8,616,972
KV2K (K2NG) ..............7,504,532
KQ2M...........................7,158,708
AA3B............................6,895,328
WU2X (N2QV) .............6,170,169
Single Op 28 MHz High Power
KZ5MM (W5PR) .............137,025
NA4W (K4WI) .................103,912
K3OO................................17,490
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
WK5T (N2IC) ..................458,586
N7RQ..............................325,104
KR4Z (N4OX) .................315,000
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
W7WA..........................4,188,038
WIØWA (WØEWD)......2,853,600
WZ1R (N1RR) .............2,678,580
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
W6AFA ...........................906,108
KH7X/NZ7 (KH6ND) .......621,335
WBØTEV ........................534,664
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
ND8DX............................905,175
W3NO .............................194,880
NS1L (N6SS) ..................188,955
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
K1ZM ................................58,797
WN2O (N2GC)....................1,120
Single Op All Band Low Power
ACØW..........................1,086,696
KQ1F (K1XM) .................793,872
WK9U .............................533,975
N8GLS ............................475,650
N3AAA ............................418,902
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
N8II ...................................52,904
N6RM..................................4,995
KG9Y ..................................4,680
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
N9TGR............................455,499
AI1TT (W1WBB) .............129,800
W2ASC .............................86,581
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
NTØEE (NØHJZ) ............722,982
WN4AFP.........................126,420
WA3FAE ...........................79,800
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
NGØC ...............................35,154
NY1E ................................25,728
Single Op All Band QRP
K3WW.............................171,602
W6QU (W8QZA)...............77,024
NDØC ...............................50,887
N4IJ ..................................44,196
KV2U (K2YG) ...................36,375
Single Op 21 MHz QRP
AA1K.................................15,912
KG1E ..................................8,723
KH6KG/W5 .........................8,618
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 QSOs reveals that productivity was
down on the low bands and up on the
high bands, with significant improve-
ments experienced on 15 meters. Also,
while the Solar Flux Index was hover-
ing in the mid-70s, propagation seemed
to have benefitted Asia and South
America on 15 meters and South
America on 10 meters.

Single Operator Results

Deep Dive
A study of Single Operator preferences
provides food for thought in under-
standing contest outcomes and plan-
ning for next year. Consider Table 3,
which suggests a relationship between
power level and operating time; Single
Operator (SO) High Power (HP) partic-
ipants operated longer than their Low
Power (LP) or QRP counterparts. The
SO All Band (AB) Low Power (LP) cat-
egory was the most popular choice, rep-
Bill, ACØW, participating in the popular Single-Op, All Band, Low Power category. resenting 40% and 43% of the logs sub-

Single Op 14 MHz QRP
W2VRK .............................12,480
N7SVI .................................2,940
Single Op 7 MHz QRP
W4DWS ............................23,435
Multi-Single High Power
WU3A ..........................6,369,378
NV9L............................4,997,160
NX6T............................2,809,404
NA4DA.........................2,615,625
WO4D ..........................2,582,668
Multi-Single Low Power
NM1C..............................618,510
NG1R..............................618,411
N8YXR............................430,500
KT3T ...............................101,920
W1JSR..............................69,984
Multi-Two
NI4W............................9,146,604
NJ6G............................6,809,840
AA4VT .........................5,606,482
KT7E............................4,259,178
KW7Y...........................4,150,380
Multi-Multi
ND7K .........................16,255,494
NR6O...........................8,839,000
N1SOH ...........................355,552
W3GH .............................162,069
NE3F...............................161,397
Multi-Distributed
WW1X........................19,584,000
KZ1W...........................2,624,519
KG5VK............................650,364
WU5K .............................613,600
Rookie
High Power
AK1MD ...........................900,592
W9KEY ...........................476,898
AC3LZ.............................341,460
N1KWG...........................134,232
AA5H ................................97,152
Rookie
Low Power
W2ASD ...........................207,244
W2ASC ...........................114,608
KD2PTX..........................103,680
KE8LXN ............................95,040
K8NW ...............................67,192
Classic
High Power
KQ2M...........................5,675,115
WZ4F (K4AB) ..............2,966,742
KU1CW........................1,809,077
W3KL ...........................1,410,024
W6TK...........................1,347,749
Classic
Low Power
K5FUV ............................251,625
NG1M .............................235,092
N9TF...............................231,231
N7ZZ...............................206,592
WA3LXD .........................177,017
Tribander / Wires
High Power
N3QE ...........................3,129,243
K2SSS .........................2,237,697
WR2G ..........................2,047,767
NF4A............................1,977,696
KD5JRY .......................1,933,295
Tribander / Wires
Low Power
N8GLS ............................475,650
N3AAA ............................418,902
KBØV..............................345,462
WZ8T ..............................329,130
KI5MM ............................204,610
EUROPE
Single Op All Band High Power
IR4M (IK4MGP) .........14,071,250
UW2M (URØMC).......12,892,374
LY4A ..........................12,753,334
ES9C (ES7GM) .........11,874,160
CR6K (CT1CJJ).........11,543,592
Single Op 28 MHz High Power
II9L....................................51,975
IWØHBY ...........................37,740
LZ8W (LZ2HM) .................33,880
Single Op 21 MHz High Power
IB9T (IT9BLB)..............1,359,131
UD4F ...........................1,267,022
S53MM ...........................573,750
Single Op 14 MHz High Power
S55OO.........................6,834,681
S5ØK ...........................6,648,830
IB8A .............................5,567,680
Single Op 7 MHz High Power
IO4X (IT9RGY) ..........11,481,822
CR6T .........................10,030,726
IB9A (IT9RBW) ............8,496,284
Single Op 3.7 MHz High Power
9A88A (9A1UN) ...........3,001,440
HG5A (HA5IW) ............2,928,000
9A5ØY (9A3LG).............2,914,89
Single Op 1.8 MHz High Power
HGØR (HAØNAR) ..........486,948
SN7D (SQ7D) .................456,548
S56X ...............................380,250
Single Op All Band Low Power
LY4L ............................3,953,191
TM3Z (F4DSK) ............3,229,248
EB7A............................3,213,102
SQ6H (SQ6PLH) .........2,400,570
PA9M ...........................1,873,808
Single Op 28 MHz Low Power
IT9ACN .............................24,272
EA4AA ..............................11,718
IZ8CCW ..............................7,056
Single Op 21 MHz Low Power
IR9K (IT9WDC)...............785,844
LZ9V ...............................201,721
LZ6E (LZ1GU) ................143,412
Single Op 14 MHz Low Power
IF9A (IT9ATF)..............1,436,796
LX7I (F4HWS) .............1,217,091
UT3EV ............................831,444
Single Op 7 MHz Low Power
OL9R (OK6RA)............2,131,862
RC7KY.........................1,865,985
UR6EA............................855,142
Single Op 3.7 MHz Low Power
PBØØT (PA2TMS) ......1,335,516
E74R...............................764,855
OK1AY............................700,375
Single Op 1.8 MHz Low Power
HA8BE ............................292,752
OK6Y (OK2PTZ).............291,368
PC3T...............................219,741
Single Op All Band QRP
LY9A ...............................915,607
ES6RW ...........................692,040
LZ1DM ............................606,300
E74Y ...............................494,760
DL8LR.............................417,240
Single Op 28 MHz QRP
S59GS ................................1,152
Single Op 21 MHz QRP
SY1AEA..............................9,765
HA3HX................................6,026
OK1LV ................................4,120
Single Op 14 MHz QRP
EA5HJV ..........................738,290
LY2OU ............................138,684
YU1NR..............................73,485
Single Op 7 MHz QRP
IZ1ANK ...........................197,160
S52CQ ..............................66,898
SN5L.................................62,805
Single Op 3.7 MHz QRP
SQ8MFB ...........................57,186
YU3LAX ............................47,996
DL8RB ..............................10,050
Single Op 1.8 MHz QRP
DP5A ................................53,144
LY4T .................................33,082
HA1TI................................24,696
Multi-Single High Power
RL3A..........................21,951,100
E7DX .........................19,082,232
UA7K .........................17,480,268
EW5A.........................16,178,220
OK5Z .........................13,132,716
Multi-Single Low Power
EC5AN.........................4,273,488
E7CW ..........................2,594,439
OE2S ...........................2,423,238
S57PKT .......................1,987,008
UW7W .........................1,483,936
Multi-Two
II2S ............................23,172,420
RT4F..........................19,707,587
OM77PA ....................15,321,438
HG7T .........................14,661,278
RA5G .........................10,054,730
Multi-Multi
LZ9W .........................31,925,696
YT5A..........................27,662,251
DP7D .........................11,922,496
LY2ZO .........................3,642,904
IQ2XI...............................237,639
Multi-Distributed
IQ4FA ........................12,589,255
J42S.............................6,572,714
OO4O ..........................4,212,864
OH2A ...........................3,976,132
EE5T............................3,753,420
Rookie
High Power
DL4VDA.......................1,651,650
IUØOVB.......................1,522,392
YU3DKO .........................977,676
LB5GI..............................758,952
IX1HPN...........................511,632
Rookie
Low Power
S55AL .............................607,066
SP8ALT ..........................511,430
LY5GT ............................347,464
9A3LED ..........................345,884
IU1MRG..........................238,539
Classic
High Power
IR6T (IK6JNH) .............6,041,088
DQ2C...........................4,413,288
YL6W (YL2GD)............3,459,780
EA4KD .........................2,761,583
HA5JI ...........................2,716,728
Classic
Low Power
UW8SM .......................1,324,576
IO8O (IK8UND)............1,195,488
DK5DQ ...........................971,290
YO7SR............................967,232
UX2MF............................889,515
Tribander / Wires
High Power
EA3CI ..........................3,705,300
IO6A.............................3,395,980
LZ3ZZ ..........................3,312,798
IK3UNA........................2,976,244
YQ6A (YO6BHN) .........2,951,291
Tribander / Wires
Low Power
LZ7X ............................1,722,688
EF7W (EC7KW)...........1,684,125
YL1ZF ..........................1,322,511
DL1MHJ..........................889,133
Z32ID ..............................794,955

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 27

 S5ØK and S55OO for the 20-meter HP
honors; S55OO got the win thanks to a
smaller point reduction. Intelligence
gleaned from the online scoreboard
may have been the enabler in the nar-
row victory by 9A88A (9A1UN), over
HG5A (HA5IW) and 9A5ØY (9A3LG) in
the 80-meter HP category. Finally, there
were eight SO SB stalwarts who oper-
ated the full 36 hours.
The overlay categories saw excellent
participation levels again in 2021 as
summarized in Table 4. The Classic
Overlay was introduced in the CQWW
WPX contests in 2020 and permitted 36
hours of operation. The operating peri-
od was shortened to 24 hours for 2021
which likely contributed to the increased
utilization of this overlay as compared to
2020. There is also some great news —

Marina, LU1VYL, was one of 328

Rookie entrants.
Table 3. Single-Operator participants by continent
mitted from Europe and North America,
respectively. Single Band (SB) entries
tended to have slightly higher score
reductions as compared to AB entries.
The data also indicate that North
American operators are the least likely
to participate in SB categories.
Figure 1 provides a histogram of oper-
ating times for SO AB participants.
There are inflection points evident at 12
and 24 hours; 60% of the participants
operated 12 hours or less, 30% operat-
ed 13 to 24 hours, and 10% operated
more than 25 hours. There were 75
intrepid SO AB operators who went the
full distance.
The three SO AB power categories
were each won decisively. TI7W (N3KS)
leveraged 40 meters to power his way to
the top of the HP list. P4ØA (KK9A) put
together his winning LP effort at the last
moment after having to scrap his plans
to operate from Bonaire. He reported
thrilling rates on day 1 of the contest,
which also happened to be his birthday.
LY9A’s QRP effort provided this WRTC
2018 winner another opportunity to
demonstrate his operating skills, includ-
ing the generation of a log with only a 2%
score reduction after checking.
The prize for the “most improved
band” goes to 15 meters, where scores
were up dramatically from 2020 as evi-
dent from UN4L’s winning 15-meter
QRP score that was an order of magni-
tude greater than the top 2020 result.
Log accuracy is a discriminator that can
determine final rankings. This was the
case in the battle between countrymen
2021 CQWW WPX SSB PLAQUE WINNERS AND DONORS
SINGLE OPERATOR ALL BAND
WORLD - High Power: Tom Georgens, W2SC Plaque. Won by: TI7W operated by Kam Sirageldin, N3KS
WORLD - Low Power: Caribbean Contesting Consortium Plaque. Won by: P4ØA operated by John Bayne, KK9A
WORLD - QRP: Phil Krichbaum, NØKE Plaque. Won by: Gediminas Lucinskas, LY9A
USA - High Power: Alabama Contest Group Plaque. Won by: AC1U operated by Ed Sawyer, N1UR
USA - Low Power: Terry Zivney, N4TZ Plaque. Won by: Bill Lippert, ACØW
USA - QRP: Doug Zwiebel, KR2Q Plaque. Won by: Charles D Fulp Jr, K3WW
USA Zone 3 - High Power: Adrian Ciuperca, KO8SCA Plaque. Won by: KK6P operated by Paul F Merrill, W7IV
USA Zone 3 - Low Power: Buz Reeves, K2GL Memorial by Willamette Valley DX Club Plaque.
Won by: David Cherba, WZ8T
USA Zone 4 - High Power: Jerry Rosalius, WB9Z and Val Hotzfeld, NV9L Plaque. Won by: Cedrick Johnson, WT2P
USA Zone 4 - Low Power: Jerry Rosalius, WB9Z and Val Hotzfeld, NV9L Plaque. Won by: Jason Leslie, WK9U**
USA Zone 5 - High Power: Charles Wooten, NF4A Plaque. Won by: KV2K operated by Noah Gottfried, K2NG**
EUROPE - High Power: Dave Siddall, K3ZJ Plaque. Won by: IR4M operated by Fulvio Tumidei, IK4MGP
EUROPE - Low Power: Richard DiDonna, NN3W Plaque. Won by: Mindaugas Jukna, LY4L
EUROPE - QRP: Walter Skudlarek, DJ6QT Memorial by Rhein-Ruhr DX Association Plaque.
Won by: Rein Kolk, ES6RW**
AFRICA: Atilano Oms, PY5EG Plaque. Won by: CQ3W operated by Helmut Mueller, DF7EE
ASIA: Chris Terkla, N1XS Plaque. Won by: P3X operated by Sergey Rebrov, 5B4AMM
NORTH AMERICA* - High Power: Martin Huml, OL5Y Plaque. Won by: Laurent Bellay, FM5BH**
NORTH AMERICA* - Low Power: Tim Shoppa, N3QE Plaque. Won by: WP3C operated by
Yuri Rakushchynets, N2TTA
NORTH AMERICA* - QRP: Phil Krichbaum, NØKE Plaque. Won by: Jose Osuba, NP3T
SOUTH AMERICA: Andrew Faber, AE6Y Plaque. Won by: Steve Teleniuslowe, PJ4DX**
SOUTHERN CONE (CE CX LU) - Low Power: LU Contest Group Plaque. Won by: Anibal Dos Ramos, XQ5ME
OCEANIA - High Power: Sid Caesar, NH7C Plaque. Won by: ZM4T operated by Holger Hannemann, ZL3IO
CANADA - High Power: Saskatchewan Contest Club Plaque. Won by: VB3E operated by Ron Vander Kraats, VE3AT
CANADA - Low Power: Paul Cassel, VE3SY Memorial by Contest Club Ontario Plaque.
Won by: VX2Z operated by Pierre Loranger, VA2CZ
JAPAN: Hamad Alnusif, 9K2HN Plaque. Won by: Masa Okano, JH4UYB
ASEAN (3W 9M 9V DU HS V85 XU XW XZ YB) - High Power: Agus Wibisono, YB2TX Plaque.
Won by: Yohanes Budhiono, YB2DX
INDONESIA - Any Single-Operator: Anda Yudas, YB6HAI Plaque. Won by: Tom Rachmad Syarifudin, YB1DNF**
SINGLE OPERATOR, SINGLE BAND
WORLD - 28 MHz: Mamuka Kordzakhia, 4L2M Plaque. Won by: Marcelo Eges, CX2DK
WORLD - 28 MHz Low Power: Six Stars Contest Station LS1D Plaque. Won by: Eduardo Almeida, PU5FJR
WORLD - 21 MHz: Stuart Santelmann, KC1F Memorial by W3UA/RA3AA Plaque.
Won by: PT5J operated by Sergio Almeida, PP5JR
WORLD - 14 MHz: Lynn Schriner, W5FO Memorial by N5RZ Plaque. Won by: Goran Andric, S55OO
WORLD - 7 MHz: Vince Weal, K4JC Plaque. Won by: IO4X operated by Gabry Iuliani, IT9RGY
WORLD - 1.8 MHz: Dmitri Gorshkov, UA2FB Plaque. Won by: HGØR operated by Dr Laszlo Radocz, HAØNAR
USA - 28 MHz: Maurice Schietecatte, N4LZ Plaque. Won by: KZ5MM operated by Chuck Dietz, W5PR
USA - 21 MHz: Maurice Schietecatte, N4LZ Plaque. Won by: WK5T operated by Steve London, N2IC
USA - 14 MHz: Charles Wooten, NF4A Plaque. Won by: Dan Handa, W7WA
USA - 7 MHz: Yankee Clipper Contest Club Plaque. Won by: Alexander Sherman, W6AFA
USA - 3.5 MHz: Bernie Welch, W8IMZ Memorial by W3ASW Plaque. Won by: Karl Brandt, ND8DX

28 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 the number of Rookie entries was up by
5% as compared to 2020 (328 vs. 310).
PJ4DX had difficulty choosing be-
tween the Classic and TB-Wires over-
lays. He operated just under 24 hours
but made the fortunate choice of select-
ing the Tribander / Wires overlay where
it would be later determined that he was
the winner. N3QE continued his U.S.
Tribander / Wires HP overlay winning
streak for the third consecutive year.
HI3T gave his brand-new rig a thorough
test in the pileups and captured the top
spot in the Tribander / Wires LP over-
Table 4. Overlay categories participation summary lay. CQ3W (DF7EE) bounced back
from nearby lightning strikes and power
outages to defeat Murphy and squeeze
by UB8A (UA9BA) to win the Classic HP
overlay. P4ØA (KK9A) was one of a
handful of participants who toughed out
COVID-19 travel constraints to activate
a DX location; his efforts were reward-
ed with a Classic LP overlay win. The
2021 Rookie class was impressive;
DL4VDA, YU3DKO, and IUØOVB each
logged over 1,100 QSOs and DL4VDA,
Table 5. Multi-Operator participation summary IUØOVB, and 9M2TDX each scored
over 1 million points. The Rookie over-
lay winners were DL4VDA (HP) and
9M2SAF (LP). The top U.S. Rookies
EUROPE - 28 MHz: Chuck Dietz, W5PR Plaque. Won by: II9L operated by Giovanni Alfano, IT9BUN
EUROPE - 21 MHz: Rafal Dunal, SQ9CNN Plaque. Won by: IB9T operated by Giuseppe La Parola, IT9BLB were AK1MD (HP) and W2ASD (LP),
EUROPE - 14 MHz: SJ2W Contest Team Plaque. Won by: Marko Munih, S5ØK** which are calls already familiar to many
EUROPE - 3.5 MHz: Ranko Boca, 4O3A Plaque. Won by: HG5A operated by Laszlo Simon, HA5IW**
EUROPE - 1.8 MHz: Debrecen University Radio Club, HGØUD Plaque. contesters.
Won by: SN7D operated by Mateusz Pigon, SQ7D**

OVERLAY CATEGORIES “Conditions were not the

WORLD - Tribander / Single-Element: Nate Moreschi, N4YDU Plaque. Won by: Steve Teleniuslowe, PJ4DX
USA - Tribander / Single-Element: Tom Francis, W1TEF Memorial by Swamp Fox Contest Group Plaque. best, but we enjoyed being
Won by: Tim Shoppa, N3QE
USA - Tribander / Single-Element Low Power: Alex M Jozsa, KG1E Plaque. Won by: Bradford J Williams, N8GLS together again…” – Valeri,
WORLD - Rookie: Val Edwards, W8KIC Memorial by K3LR Plaque. Won by: Vera Doetsch, DL4VDA
USA - Rookie: Bud Trench, AA3B Plaque. Won by: Alexander Kopp, AK1MD LZ2CJ, on behalf of the LZ9W
MULTI-OPERATOR, SINGLE-TRANSMITTER
Multi-Multi team
WORLD: Latvian Contest Club Plaque. Won by: RL3A operated by RØAI, R3DCB, R3DCX, RA9USU, RL3FT,
RW4WR, RX3APM
WORLD - Low Power: Mike Goode, N9NS Memorial by Hoosier DX and Contest Club Plaque. Multi-Op: Anything but Typical
Won by: 3V8SS operated by KF5EYY, 3V1B
USA: Steve Bolia, N8BJQ Plaque. Won by: WU3A operated by R4AS, RQ4A, W3UA, NU3C
Multi-Op activity partially recovered in
USA - Low Power: Matt Tatro, NM1C Plaque. Won by: NM1C operated by NM1C, KB1YJI 2021 as compared to 2020 but re-
EUROPE: Tonno Vahk, ES5TV Plaque. Won by: E7DX operated by E7ØT, E74A, E77DX, E77E, E77EA**
NORTH AMERICA*: Jerry Rosalius, WB9Z and Val Hotzfeld, NV9L Plaque. Won by: TI1T operated by TI2CC, TI2MOT,
mained below historic norms. For
TI2CDA, TI2VVV, TI3RCS example, 378 Multi-Ops logs were sub-
ASEAN (3W 9M 9V DU HS V85 XU XW XZ YB): Champ C. Muangamphun E21EIC Plaque. Won by: 7A1A operated
by YB1AR, YB1ACN, YB1AM, YB1JYL, YB1EGP, YB1PEF, YB1CIR, YB4GBN, YE1AR, YCØRXA
mitted in 2019, as compared to just 287
in 2021. Table 5 provides an overview
MULTI-OPERATOR, TWO-TRANSMITTER
WORLD: Ken Adams, K5KA Memorial Plaque. Won by: II2S operated by IK2QEI, IZ2KXC, IU2IBU, IK2SGC, IZ2FOS,
of 2021 Multi-Op participation by cate-
IK2TDM, IK2UJS gory and continent.
USA: Florida Contest Group Plaque. Won by: NI4W operated by N4UU, K1MM
EUROPE: Rich Strand, KL7RA Memorial Plaque. Won by: RT4F operated by RK4FD, RK4FM, RK4FU, RK4FW,
Congratulations to the RL3A gang on
R4FO, UA4FER** their second consecutive win in the
MULTI-OPERATOR, MULTI-TRANSMITTER
Multi-Op Single Transmitter (Multi-
WORLD: Sid Caesar, NH7C Plaque. Won by: LZ9W operated by LZ1ZD, LZ2CJ, LZ2UU, LZ2HQ, LZ1FG, LZ1PM, Single) HP Category. The Multi-Single
LZ1PJ, LZ1VS, LZ1KU, LZ6DX, LZ2YO, LZ4AE, LZ1ZX, LZ3UP
USA: Dale Hoppe, K6UA Memorial Plaque. Won by: ND7K operated by N6WIN, W4IX, N6MJ, W9KKN, KL9A,
LP competition was fierce between
NN1C, K6JO players on four continents; in the end
EUROPE: Rick Dougherty, NQ4I Plaque. Won by: YT5A operated by YT1AD, YU1AU, YU1KX, YU2FG, YU6DX,
YU9DX, YU1BV, YU1YV, YT2T**
the 3V8SS squad won because of their
QSO point production. The II2S cadre’s
MULTI-OPERATOR, DISTRIBUTED
WORLD: Atilano Oms, PY5EG Plaque. Won by: PS2T operated by PY2BK, PY2DY, PY2IG, PY2LED, PY2NDX, PY2PT,
first entry in the Multi-Op Two Trans-
PY2XV, PY2YU, PY2ZEA mitter category produced a victory; this
CONTEST EXPEDITION
team knew how to find prefixes. The
WORLD - Contest Expedition: Gail M. Sheehan, K2RED Plaque. Won by: P4ØA operated by John Bayne, KK9A Multi-Op Unlimited Transmitter (Multi-
Multi) category featured the return of the
* Applies only to North American stations outside the USA and Canada LZ9W powerhouse and the first ever
**Denotes awarded to runner-up in category
Multi-Multi effort by YT5A. Despite the

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 29

 LZ9W victory, the operators at YT5A
were satisfied by their first outing and
will be back.
The Multi-Transmitter Distributed cat-
egory was introduced this year and the
excitement by its participants was uni-
versal. This category was also a tech-
nology driver, stimulating several re-
mote operating and networking innova-
tions. The top two logs by PS2T and
WW1X contained nearly identical num-
bers of QSOs and multipliers. While the
PS2T team prevailed due to their QSO
point production, it is likely that the stage
has been set for thrilling rivalries in
future years. Further, it is noteworthy
that the WW1X 26-person team includ-
ed members from nine countries and 10
operators under age 21.
Trouble Tickets
Most logs were received on time and
processed without issue, which is great-
ly appreciated by the CQWW WPX
Committee. The adherence to rules and
exhibition of sportsmanship were also
prevalent. Our disciplinary actions were
limited and included disqualifications or

On the Cover –
“Hey Ranko, what’s up for the (IARU)
contest? The world’s kind of shut down.
Can we come out and operate your sta-
tion?” That was Jon Kimball, KL2A, in
Alaska, talking last spring to Ranko Boca,
4O3A, halfway around the world in
Montenegro. Where else but in ham radio
could this conversation take place? And
even moreso, where else but in ham radio
would the answer be yes?
Jon was actually kind of the middleman
here, telling CQ, “I didn’t come for the
contest. I came because I’m friends with
Ranko. Rich (DiDonna, NN3W) did the
contesting. I hung out with Ranko.”
Ranko’s name and call may be famil-
iar to you, not only as a world-class con-
tester (with a world-class contest station
overlooking the Adriatic Sea) but also as
designer and manufacturer of the 4O3A
“Genius” line of amplifiers and other sta-
tion accessories. Jon noted that Ranko
“has provided a lot of great jobs in his
community. He really is a genius. We got Karl, ND8DX, was #1 in the U.S. in the Single Op High Power, 80 meter category.
a chance to see all that up close and per-
sonal.” Ranko’s products, adds Jon, are
great for his business but he is also “real-
ly interested in furthering the hobby and
giving back.”
Rich, who’s been friends with Jon over
the radio since high school, noted that
he had a fantastic week of operating and
hanging out in a part of the world with
very few Americans. His goal, as he and
Jon explain to N3QE in this month’s
Contesting column (p. 82), was to get a
feel for summertime propagation in the
Mediterranean in preparation for the
2023 World Radiosport Team Champ-
ionship in Italy (which is visible from
Ranko’s station).
In the cover photo, Jon and Rich (2nd
and 3rd from left) are joined on a hilltop
overlooking Boka Korska Bay and the
city of Herceg Novi (New Castle), as well
as 4O3A’s station on the hill in the back-
ground, by (L-R) Marko Tomasevic,
4O9TTT, described by Jon as Ranko’s
right-hand guy at work and surrogate
son; Ranko Boca, 4O3A, and Ranko’s
real son, Dragisa Boca, 4O9ITT. (Cover The team at the E2A Multi-Operator Two Transmitter station.
photo by Branko Cubović)

30 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

WU3A Multi-Single High Power melting the snow in New Hampshire. Operators
included: R4AS, W3UA, RQ4A, and NU3C (not pictured).

TC3A Turkish Contest Team included: TA3E, TA3EJ, TA3ST, TA3LHH, TA4PR,
TA4VA, TA4OA

warnings for self-spotting, excessive times are expected as Solar Cycle 25

power, out-of-band operations, and fail-
ure to adhere to local regulations. Also,
Classic Overlay logs were inspected for
use of QSO alerting systems (Ass-
istance) and / or a second radio, result-
ing in reclassification when warranted.
The CQWW WPX Committee would like
to acknowledge our access to resources
and techniques available from the
CQWW DX Contest Committee in the
resolution of CQWW WPX disciplinary
matters. Finally, participants are remind-
ed that running stations must not make
more than three contacts without send-
ing their callsigns.
Final Thoughts
It was rewarding to see the second con-
secutive year of record participation lev-
els in CQWW WPX SSB. Even better
kicks in, COVID-19 impacts on travel
and multi-op efforts are abated, and the
new rules gain further acceptance. The
excitement by participants in the short-
ened Classic Overlay and new Multi-
Transmitter Distributed category was
also particularly noteworthy.
In closing, I want to express my heart-
felt thanks to all the volunteers who con-
tributed to success of CQWW WPX SSB
2021, including EA4KD, ES5TV, F6BEE,
HA1AG, IK2QEI, JH5GHM, K1AR,
K1DG, K1EA, K3WW, K5ZD, KR2Q,
LA6VQ, LU5DX, N5KO, N8BJQ, OH6LI,
PA3AAV, S5ØA, S5ØXX, WØYK, WZ7I,
and YO3JR. Their commitment to admin-
istering the contest with consistency,
integrity, timeliness, and thoroughness is
eyewatering.
(Scores on page 94)

www.cq-amateur-radio.com
Announcing:
2021 CQ World Wide DX Contest
SSB: October 30-31 CW: November 27-28
Starts 0000 UTC Saturday; Ends 2359 UTC Sunday
Log Deadlines: SSB – 2359 UTC Nov. 5 / CW – 2359 UTC Dec. 3, 2021
Join more than 40,000 participants from over 200 DX entities and all 40 CQ Zones in the world’s
largest DX contest.
T
he CQ World Wide DX Contest (CQWW) offers 48
hours of non-stop, on-air operating fun with activity tak-
ing place from virtually every part of the world! Whether
you are competing for awards, looking for new band-coun-
tries, or simply filling up your logbook, the CQWW offers
something for everyone. Check out the Classic, Rookie, and
our new Youth and Explorer Overlay Categories for even
more chances to enjoy ham radio’s premier operating event!
Some Contest Basics
Each mode is a separate operating event that runs for 48
hours from 0000 UTC Saturday until 2359 UTC Sunday. SSB
is the last full weekend of October. CW is the last full week-
end of November.
Working stations is easy. Simply send an exchange and
log a callsign, sending a signal report, and your CQ Zone
number (e.g., 59 05 on SSB or 599 05 on CW). If you’re
unsure which zone you’re in, visit <http://bit.ly/1BHtmsP> for
more information. Generally speaking for U.S. operators, the
west coast is in Zone 3, the east coast is in Zone 5, and the
rest of the lower 48 is in Zone 4. Western Europe is mostly
Zone 14 and Japan is in Zone 25.
Contacts are valid only on the 1.8-, 3.5-, 7-, 14-, 21-, and
28-MHz amateur bands (there is no contest operation on the
60-, 30-, 17- or 12-meter bands).
Scoring
Your final score is based on QSO points earned for each
contact times the number of multipliers worked. Contacts
with other continents count three points each. Contacts with
the same continent, but different country, count one point
(except in North America where they count two points).
Same-country contacts earn zero points, but do count for
multiplier credit.
Multipliers are the number of DXCC entities and Worked
All Europe (WAE) countries worked on each band plus the
number of CQ Zones worked on each band.
Don’t worry about calculating your score; the CQWW
Contest Committee’s contest log checking software will do
that for you when you submit a log. Most participants are
using readily available contest logging software (e.g.,
N1MM+, WriteLog, Win-Test, etc.) to help as well.
Entry Categories
The competition is divided into Single Operator and Multi-
Operator categories. There are four additional Overlay cat-
egories as well:
Single Operator (all bands or any single band) — only one
32 • CQ • September 2021
operator finds, makes, and logs all contacts in the following
categories:
High power: Up to 1,500 watts; Low power: 100 watts or
less; QRP: 5 watts or less
Single Operator Assisted (all bands or any single band) —
One operator may use DX spotting or other tools to help find
contacts. Note that a CW decoder is considered assistance.
The one operator must make and log all contacts in the fol-
lowing power categories:
High power: Up to 1,500 watts; Low power: 100 watts or
less; QRP: 5 watts or less
Classic Overlay Category — Allows the use of only one
radio (e.g., Single Operator, two-radio operation is not per-
mitted), no QSO finding assistance, and only counts the first
24-hours of operating time. Off-times are a minimum of 60-
minutes during which no QSO is logged. Single Operator
Assisted entries are not eligible for this Overlay category.
Rookie Overlay Category — Open only to operators who
were first licensed as radio amateurs less than three (3) years
before the date of the contest. Be sure to indicate date you
were licensed in the soapbox field of your log when submit-
ting a Rookie log.
Youth Overlay Category (New for 2021) — A new overlay
for Youth operators is now available for the 2021 contests.
To be eligible, you must be 25 years old or younger on the
dates of the contest and will be asked to indicate your birth
year when submitting your log. Separate listings and awards
will be published in the final results as is the case for the
other Overlay categories.
Multi-Operator — more than one person is involved in oper-
ating the station.
Single-Transmitter: This category allows one transmitter to
work any station. You may only change bands after 10-min-
utes on a band. Note: A second transmitter may be used to
work multipliers only. This category has some very specific
restrictions so please carefully read the full rules.
High power: Up to 1,500 watts; Low power: 100 watts or
less (Note: There is no QRP category for any multi-op
classification)
Two-Transmitter: Allows the use of two simultaneously
transmitted signals on two separate bands. Each station may
change bands as many as 8 times per hour.
Unlimited: Allows the use of one transmitted signal on each
band.
Explorer Overlay Category (New for 2021)
Most traditional contest rules include numerous restrictions on
the use of new technologies. For example, remote operation
Visit Our Web Site
is permitted, but remote receiving sites
that are more than 500 meters from the
transmitting site are not allowed. Multi-
channel CW decoders are usually not
permitted for single operators.
The new Explorer overlay category
has been established to allow amateurs
to participate in the CQWW contest
while creatively experimenting with
internet-linked stations and other new
technologies. The goal of this category
is to encourage innovation in operating
strategies, station design, and technol-
ogy adaptation.
You are encouraged to review the
specific rules for this new overlay cate-
gory at <cqww.com/rules.htm> for more
information.

Awards
Electronic certificates will be made avail-
able for everyone who submits an entry,
provided that entry is submitted before
the log deadline. Plaques are awarded to
top finishers in all major categories.

Submitting Your Log

Electronic logs need to be in the Cabrillo
format. Most logging software gener-
ates this file automatically. Upload your
log on the web at <www.cqww.com/
logcheck>. The website also includes a
utility to convert an ADIF-formatted log
file if needed. Note that paper logs are
no longer accepted.
All entries must be sent WITHIN FIVE
(5) DAYS after the end of the contest:
No later than 2359 UTC November 5,
2021 for SSB and 2359 UTC December
3, 2021 for CW. Resubmitting an entry
after the deadline will result in it being
considered as a late log and you will not
be eligible for any awards.
Only one entry is permitted for each
callsign. If you submit a log multiple
times, the latest log submission will
replace any previous attempts.
Full Rules
The complete rules of the CQWW DX
Contest are available in 19 different lan-
guages on the web at <www.cqww.
com/rules.htm>. In addition, there is a
rules FAQ that provides additional
answers to commonly asked questions.
You are strongly encouraged to
review the rules and the frequently
asked questions before the contest,
especially for any possible minor
changes in rule details from previous
years. Questions may be submitted via
the online contact form at <http://
cqww.com/contact>. The most impor-
tant requirement for all competitors is to
have fun!
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As he celebrates his 60 th anniversary in ham radio, legendary DXer and
DXpeditioner Martti Laine, OH2BH, shares a look back at how he did
things, to quote Frank Sinatra, “my way.”

My Way to DX From the Early Days

BY MARTTI LAINE,* OH2BH

I
t was many decades ago when the way, “Why do you do this boring more people you have for the next one.
postman delivered the OH2BH episode all over, time and again?” It is You make the folks happy once and
license to me — just about 60 years difficult to explain to mere mortals, as soon they’re asking you the magical
to be precise. My appetite was huge for we call those less interested in DX. question again, “Where Do You Go
talking to distant and mysterious lands “My Way” was to explain that this is Next?” Which, coincidentally, became
that were unimaginably far off the beat- part of a kind of “show-business” in the title of my book that was published
en track. It was easier to be born and which you have a two-way dialogue with by CQ in 1991.
get excited about DX in those days as your radio audience, sitting there in their
amateur radio was the only global free Sunday best. Even with the very small
“internet” for connecting us to one QRPer in the back row. Look at the stars On a Study Tour to the U.S.
another — in live voice and Morse! on Broadway … they can look at their West Coast
But entering ham radio in the DX era audience but rarely have that opportu- After many early rounds in DX, the
of Gus Browning, W4BPD, and Don nity for true dialogue even if it comes in opportunity arose for me to move to the
Miller, W9WNV, was very DX-addictive. short bursts. Yes, the exchange of 59/59 U.S. West Coast and become a part of
You were able to travel to exotic lands is indeed a short conversation for a spe- the world’s oldest DX Club, the
almost daily by following those globe- cial occasion. The better the show, the Northern California DX Club, the DX
trotters of the early days. Don Miller, in
particular, dominated the scene with his
never-before-seen operating power
that also made him the first ever dual-
mode CQWW contest winner. What
were the dreams of a 15-year-young
boy in those days? No doubt to become
another Gus Browning or Don Miller —
the role models were so appealing and
made the wide world stand out for a
young boy in the Far North. Only a few
years into my “career” as a ham, I got
my feet wet with my first DXpedition, to
Aland Island as OH2BH/OHØ, in 1964
(Photo A).
When these heroes left the radio
stage, they left behind many potential
DXCC entities and also, the ARRL was
relatively hungry for more DX to hap-
pen. There was a DX window to follow
in the footsteps of these pacesetters
and to emulate what you had seen them
doing. It was just then, when DX had
landed in the Far North, that I took my
first steps on “My Way” of making DX
and participating in contests. It was all
social gathering with other like-minded
amateurs and the OH-DX-Ring,
OH2AM, resulted. The world was also
changing and jet airplanes started fly-
ing to even many sought-after dream
countries. Many have asked along the
Photo A. OH2BH’s first DXpedition, in 1964, where Martti and friends operated
* Email: <martti.laine@kolumbus.fi> as OH2BH/OHØ. (All photos courtesy of the author)

34 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 Photo C. We should not forget those
who have played a major role in DX
evolution. There are not that many who
qualify to the level of John Ackley,
Photo B. Bob Denniston, W9DX/VP2VI, will always be written into DX history with KP2A, founder of the International DX
a capital D and X. He did a lot of good for amateur radio, the ARRL, and the IARU, Foundation, IDXF.
but his mind was always on distant lands and rare DX.

epicenter. It indeed became an epicenter in a different way
as the San Francisco earthquake struck upon our arrival
while I was visiting the second DX Professor of the world,
Dr. Jim Maxwell, W6CF, and his well-known DX library. Jim
soon became my DXCC co-architect with his wisdom that
stated, “the DXCC world will never be complete.” He said;
“DX is subject to consistent change — the DX world is a
moving target.” There can be two rebel groups in Africa,
and they may have an argument in the morning and soon
their village will split into two (DXCC entities) for the night.
Say Western Sahara, SØ, or Southern Sudan, Z8. Even if
they would live in seemingly peaceful harmony, any politi-
cal eruption could suddenly break the surface and a new
DXCC counter would arise. Even today we have underwa-
ter eruptions every so often and those endless political divi-
sions are just our everyday joy.
Also, what is once set should always be challenged.
Spending hours every week at the Fresno University Map
Room in California as W6CF had suggested, made me chal-
lenge the distances, such as the one between the main
Solomon Island, H44, and its outer province of Temotu, H4Ø.
Only by the measurement of the Japanese geostationary
satellite (thanks, Kan, JA1BK), we were able to determine
that the WWII sea charts were short of the needed distance.
Breaking Yugoslavia into pieces in Europe produced so
many DXCC counters; both peacefully (4O) and less peace-
fully, such as Kosovo (Z6). The last one only recently,
increasing the DXCC number to 340. Just like breaking

Photo D. This FO8AJ QSL card is an all-time treasure, featuring the first-ever DXpedition of modern times in 1954. They
had the same amount of gear as the mega DXpeditions of today. But the difference was that they only made 1,108 con-
tacts — one QSO for each kilo they had carried ashore!

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 35

Photo E. The DXpedition license can be an obstacle for many. It can result in smiles or tears, but rarely both at the same
time. The case of VP2V/KC6KOU saw authorities in tears but the applicant — the author’s then-10-year-old son — with a
wide smile (see text for the story).

Leeward and Westward Islands into a

line-up of countries in the Caribbean
during those ancient days.
Adding to all these geographical and
political technicalities, my search also
extended to find my early DX producer,
Don Miller, W9WNV, whom I visited with
my 10-year-old son Petri, KC6KOU, on
one sunny day in San Luis Obispo,
California. It was a worthwhile all-day
visit as I was the first ham to see him
since he had disappeared from the DX
scene some 20 years earlier.

Searching the Roots of

DXpeditioning
Even prior to my time in the U.S., there
were two questions in my mind. Who
the heck was the original founder of the
DXpedition concept? Who were the
ones who discovered the myth and fun
for us now to paste and place? I had
heard about Danny Weil, VP2VB, and
Bob Denniston, VP2VI (Photo B). Why
is it that this tiny VP2V island group, the
British Virgin Islands (BVI), was the
center of all this DX history … and does
the spirit still exist?
It was time to fly to the U.S. Virgin
Islands (USVI) and take the bull by the
horns. Not only were the Virgin Islands
(U.S.) home to early DX hero Dick
Spenceley, KV4AA, but also home of
the Old Timer John Ackley, KP2A
(Photo C), living on the USVI hilltop,
with all the DX wisdom. Both unfortu-
nately now are Silent Keys.
So let me take an extract from my
1991 book (pages 27-28):
“Son of a Gun! The truth was then
revealed to the two DX Believers; KP2A
and OH2BH who had a long track
record behind them and had put many
rare DX countries on the air. The era of
Photo F. Activating the historic VP2VB callsign in 2020 from the British Virgin
Islands was the DXpedition that closed the circuit for Martti, OH2BH. The activ-
ity also paid homage to the Yasme Foundation as its story also started here.
change had come with the jet airplane John, KP2A, as a pilot soon turned his
and television. Flying by jet had made Cessna engines on and we were above
it possible to travel for the purpose of this original holy DX paradise; U.S.
DX with remarkable ease from one Virgin Islands and British Virgin Islands,
country or continent to another, leaving and landed on a short airstrip to touch
aside the exotic sea voyages of yester- the base of Danny Weil, VP2VB (SK) but
year.” also the ever-energetic Bob Denniston,
“Television, again, brought to every VP2VI, former WØNWX/WØDX from
house and hut all these countries in the the ARRL President’s office. Bob had
world that one did not have time to trav- resided here in DX paradise where he
el to or that had previously been the was DX when waking up as well as
DXotic objects of one’s radio contacts. when resting his head at the Pirate Cay
The jet airplane and television had guest house, former site of an American
changed the whole pattern of human movie filmed there.
behavior and upset the very face of ear- Standing there in front of us was Bob,
lier DXotica. Had all the enticing appeal VP2VI, the DXpedition concept inven-
disappeared with the advent of modern tor who had a clear perception of how
jet travel and mass media?” DX had evolved over the last half-cen-

36 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

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Photo G. The 2020 VP2VB QSL card is another memento as

it brings together the past and the future. It all started with
the bulky equipment of the 1950s, only to reach the non-audi-
ble FT8 contacts made on the recent VP2VB outing.
tury. He was the right man to explain it all to us. He also
explained the details of his first DXpedition to Clipperton [in]
1954, FO8AJ, with his fellow DXers, Leo, WØNUC, and
Gene, WØVDQ, which undertaking is officially recorded as
the first-ever DXpedition of the modern times (Photo D). They
lugged 850 kilograms of radio equipment ashore with the help
of multiple boats and made those magic 1,108 first-ever
DXpedition QSOs!
What is not covered in my book was that Bob was protec-
tive of his rare DXCC entity, VP2V, and as an advisor for local
Photo H. The VP2VB callsign will always be worth a thou-
sand memories and it would be an honor for anyone to sail
under its prestigious and historic flag. Here, Darren Woodle
of B.V.I. telecom (center) authorized it to Adrian Ciuperca,
KO8SCA (left) and the author (right).
telecoms, he was sensitive about visitors making a large num-
ber of QSOs and making it less rare. He apologized for the
fact that as a Finn and OH-license holder, I cannot get a VP2V
operating permit, which is a fact I had a hard time swallow-
ing. And suddenly my accompanying son burst into tears as
his first-ever DXpedition was seemingly coming to an end.
And so did Bob himself as well as the licensing director.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 37

Photo I. While DXpeditions come and go, completely new DXCC countries are carved into stone to last. Many of these are
joint efforts, with Martti working closely with experts on each case and subject.

They heard the 10-year-old boy (Petri) loud and clear and
calmed him down with the idea that he has a U.S. license
and can operate … but not Dad. The VP2V/KC6KOU oper-
ating license was granted (Photo E). And everyone was in
tears except Petri — he was smiling!

Danny Weil and Yasme Traces in Tortola

Harbor
Yes, we visited the harbor where the DX sailboat Yasme
was docked at one time when suddenly VP2V itself became
a new country DXpedition venue. We saw nearby Buck Island
from where the first VP2VB DXpedition was conducted and
noted that the British Governor’s mansion was still in place.
We learned a lot about who Danny Weil was and how he
affected the entire DX world with his solo DXpeditions around
the world. At the time of our visit in 1990, Danny Weil was
still alive and living in Texas, and I was itching to visit him
and capture his story. It was evident at the scene that some
part of the whole picture was still missing.
As the DX luminaries Lloyd, W6KG; and Iris, W6QL, Colvin
had met Danny Weil, VP2VB, and the first Yasme president,
Dick, KV4AA, here at BVI, it was fascinating to be present at
the very place where the original Yasme group had once
inspired each other and which then resulted in the birth and
continuation of Yasme Foundation from Dick, KV4AA, to
Lloyd, W6KG, and so on.

Photo J. The Danny Weil, VP2VB, story is a magnificent part

of early DX history. It also proves that a triangle marriage can
exist — of man, woman (Danny’s ever-patient wife, Naomi,
seen here) and DX — for some time — but usually resulting
in a broken heart and a 100-day solo sailing voyage.

38 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site


Photo K. The author’s wife, Leena, OH2BE (second from left), would seem to fall
into the same category as Naomi Weil! In this photo, she and Martti were joined
at a 2019 conference in Bangkok, Thailand by legendary DXpeditioner Don Miller,
W9WNV (left) and Franz Langner, DJ9ZB (right), noted DXer and author of the
DX World Guide.
Later on, as a Yasme Director, I was
part of facilitating the Danny Weil inter-
view by Jim Cain, K1TN, which he did in
September 2001 in San Antonio, Texas
for his book YASME — “The Danny Weil
and Colvin Radio Expeditions” recently
placed in the public domain at <www.
yasme.org/the-yasme-book>.
Danny Weil Revisited in 2020
and More Traces Found
It was only recently when the idea was
born with Kip, W6SZN, another Yasme
Director, now SK, and I to air the origi-
nal VP2VB call once more (Photos F
and G) with a team using lightweight
equipment, handling a massive pileup
with technology that would surely raise
the hair of Danny Weil and Lloyd Colvin
and many more.
Working specifically to Japan on 160
and 80 meters has never been easy,
thus that was taken up as a challenge.
Using FT8, FT4, and CW along with
changing propagation was a dynamic
concept for logging hundreds of JA sta-
tions on low bands. Even Danny Weil
would be proud of our newly born
VP2VB team with energy and a younger
vintage — and the honor of being grant-
ed the 2020 DXpedition of the Year
Award in Japan.
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
day solo sailing journey from the Fiji
Islands to the harbor of Freeport, Texas,
and enjoyed his remaining days with his
always tolerant XYL Naomi (Photo J). I
will do the same with my boat and my
beloved Leena (Photo K) and treasure
every activation and QSO to its fullest.
It has been an interesting journey of a
lifetime!
To recap my study tour to the years of
the past and from the beginning of time
— DX-time — I have compiled from bits
and pieces the Danny Weil history that
you can read and enjoy at <www.
yasme.org/dw1>.
Additionally, my book, “Where Do We
Go Next?” was republished in the
U.S.A. after my return from the “study
tour” to the BVI, VP2, and is now
released to the public for free by the
Northern California DX Foundation.
Many thought that it was coffee table
reading but when studied carefully it is
actually a textbook, still, very valid, and
can help you to make your best perfor-
mance “on Broadway!” It can be
downloaded from <https://tinyurl.com/
4zyw3c9a>.
Now, with a jet airplane, it was easy
to reach Tortola and watch TV just at
the time of the outbreak of the COVID-
19 pandemic, but yet feel safe! Every
DXpedition has its challenges and dan-
gers. In the case of VP2VB, it was re-
entry into the U.S. while the borders
were closed, plus passing through the
then-dangerous COVID zone in New
York on our way back home.
Our thanks go out to the Virgin Islands
Telecommunications Regulatory
Commission (TRC) for re-issuing the
VP2VB license and supporting the 2020
DXpedition into the times of the past
(Photo H). You can read more about it
at <www.qrz.com/db/VP2VB> and in
the May and June 2020 issues of CQ.
Wonderful Time to Recap
So, the life and times of that young boy
of 15 in 1961 has now passed to the
year 2021 and his 75th birthday. It has
been an interesting journey from the
time of his DX idols and their adven-
tures, following their footsteps and acti-
vating 200 different callsigns along the
way and many rare countries, but also
carving into stone 12 new DXCC coun-
ters for others to enjoy (Photo I).
Like for Danny Weil, it was fun as long
as it lasted and, finally, he did his 100-
September 2021 • CQ • 39
Now this takes guts … W7DGJ hadn’t picked up a soldering iron in
50 years, so what’s his first project after getting back on the air?
Building a linear amplifier from a kit! Here’s his story and review of the
KM3KM Mercury IIIS amplifier kit.

Build Your Own Solid-State

Linear Amplifier
CQ Reviews: KM3KM Electronics Mercury IIIS Amplifier Kit
BY DAVE JENSEN,* W7DGJ

I
’m not your usual reviewer supported by a lab filled with
test gear to show CQ readers how a new product specs
out. In fact, I’m the reason they sell pre-packaged dipoles
and plug-and-play radios. My rig is an ICOM IC-7300 and my
antenna is a Buckmaster 7-band OCF (off-center-fed) dipole
in an inverted-V configuration. But I know better than to think
* Email: <davejensen70@gmail.com>
that my sense of curiosity and fascination with radio gear will
forever be satisfied with that 100 watts and a wire.
I always wanted to have more power, to reach farther and
compete better in the usual pileups, and earlier I’d tried (with-
out much success) a large and finicky tube amp. I’m sure the
need for a bigger, better signal is an almost universal goal
amongst amateur radio enthusiasts (except QRPers – ed.),
but the cost-per-watt of the solid-state amps had always

Photo A. The author’s “workbench” for assembling his Mercury IIIS amplifier kit … previously known as the dining room
table! (All photos by the author)

40 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

seemed out of reach. It was that curiosi- tions from others, kept me away from a DX Engineering and Ham Radio Outlet,
ty and the desire to learn more and dive soldering iron until the day the Mercury I discovered that many other amplifiers
deeper into my hobby that drove me to IIIS showed up on my doorstep. had similar wait times as a result of pan-
explore the Mercury IIIS solid-state linear demic supply chain issues. Despite it
amplifier kit by KM3KM Electronics.1 being a “hurry up and wait” process, I
Ordering, Shipment, and decided to take the gamble, and sent
The Backstory First Impressions KM3KM a deposit with my order, leaving
On a recent weekend, ZS6CCY (Bill, a KM3KM had a 2-month wait time when the balance until the projected date of
game rancher in Waterberg, South I ordered, which was concerning be- shipment. I was surprised that no ship-
Africa) pointed his 120-foot, 40-meter cause when you want gear, you want it ping charges were added to my order for
Yagi at the U.S. and the stack of “Hey, now. But after checking with retailers like this heavy shipment. (Increased ship-
Bill!” calls he got in return from old
friends was staggering. During one of
those QSOs, I listened as one U.S. ham
spoke about what a difference his
Mercury IIIS amplifier had made for him.
While I eventually added Bill to the log
with my little signal out of Arizona, I
remembered that amp and the com-
ments I heard from others while read-
ing the mail that day.

My History with “Build it

Yourself” Gear
Like other companies run by enthusi-
asts, the Mercury IIIS is a product of an
active ham, Kenny Martinez, KM3KM, of
Miami, Florida. Kenny’s business is
unusual, because his focus is on prod-
ucts that are “educational and fun to
build,” as opposed to gear that you can
take home and plug in. In fact, KM3KM
Electronics sells nothing with a power
cable. He’s a manufacturer of compo-
nents and circuit boards for various
homebrew projects, but KM3KM also
sells a pre-packaged set of these com-
ponents along with instructions on how
to complete a state-of-the-art LDMOS2 Photo B. The Mercury IIIS circuit boards are things of beauty. This is the con-
linear amplifier if you so please — except troller board.
you’ll need to bring your own AC cable.
After poring over existing reviews as
well as the KM3KM owner’s manual and
assembly manual for the Mercury IIIS
(both available online; see sidebar for
specifications), I felt that it was time to
put a soldering iron in my hand once
again and give it a try. It has been more
than five decades since I had failed mis-
erably at amateur radio kit-building and
the recollection both stung and chal-
lenged me. Can a soon-to-be-retired
ham compete with his 15-year-old self
on an aspect of ham radio that everyone
needs to have in their hobby repertoire?
My original radio, at age 15, had been
a Heathkit. I enjoyed the assembly
experience and the anticipation was
intense, but upon completion, the darn
thing put out nothing but smoke. It took
the intervention of my Elmer and anoth-
er $75 from Dad before it came back to
life and served my needs for the next
year or two. That experience, and five Photo C. All of the toroids are pre-wound and pre-installed, such as these on the
decades of “he’s all thumbs” declara- low-pass filter board.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 41

ping costs have forced Ken to now
charge separately for shipping. See note
3 for more details. – ed.)
When it arrived by FedEx — a couple
of weeks earlier than promised — I was
blown away by the packaging. Ever
bought an Apple product and remarked
on how cool and organized everything
is inside the box? This is the ham radio
version of the same. It was 30 pounds
of neatly organized and pre-wired com-
ponent boards, sub-assemblies, and
hardware packets. Thrilled, I began to
spread out the various items across my
work surface (Photo A), which before
the explosion of electronics had resem-
bled a dining room table. That’s when I
ran into my first obstacle on this build
— my wife.
After some negotiation, it turned out
that I could take a maximum of three
days for my project, as company was Photo D. The kit-builder needs to connect the boards to each other and careful-
coming for the following weekend and ly mount them in the case. There is very little clearance between the boards, so
this “big mess” would have to be cleared following instructions closely is essential.
away prior to the pending visit. A short
hop over to Home Depot for a set of Allen
keys and a power cord and I was ready
to begin my project. With a switching
power supply that lets you choose
between 110 and 220 volts, the decision
on how to wire the Mercury IIIS is easy
and reversible. I chose standard house-
hold voltage. At any point in the future,
if 110 volts isn’t working out for me, I’ll
bring high voltage around to my shack
and simply change out the cable.

On-Screen Instructions
I prefer the old-school approach of
paper instructions for projects as
opposed to a computer taking up more
space in my work area, so the included
USB thumb drive seemed more of a
pain than a blessing. But I cleared a spot
for my laptop, opened up the drive and
took the first steps. The first thing I saw
was that the manufacturer had includ-
ed a set of very detailed photos, so I
immediately started putting it together
based on those graphics. Sure enough,
that bit of over-confidence cost me. If I
had seen the big red warning “Do not
overtighten the RCA jacks as they may
break,” I could have saved myself some
trouble. I had snapped off the back end
of my ALC jack.
It was midnight on the east coast, but
the letter inside the kit had a note from
founder Kenny Martinez saying that he
was there to help me personally. I wrote
his email with photos of my RCA jack
for the ALC and, expecting good ser-
vice, looked to hear back from him with-
in a day or two. However, 10 minutes
later, at 12:10 a.m. his time, Kenny had
replied and stated that he was sending
Photo E. The touch screen and lighted power/operate buttons have the same
look and feel as the author’s high-end HiFi equipment.
a replacement part to me, overnight.
That experience said something about
how KM3KM views customer service.
“Just Hours to Completion”
When I first investigated the Mercury
IIIS amp on websites and on YouTube
videos, the assembly times and overall
difficulty level were described in differ-
ent ways. To one ham, it was “a very
easy process, and completed in about
four hours.” To another, it was “moder-
ately difficult, with a number of coax
welds at critical junctions, requiring
some time if you plan to go back and
carefully check each connection.”
Generally, most people reported that
the kit required just one day to com-
plete. I was never very certain what my
situation would be, due to my limited
device-building skills.
At this point in my build, I already had
a problem requiring a wait time and
delay, and I had just started. I could see
my precious 3-day window for the
assembly process melting away like the
ice in my Arizona tea. That mess on the
dining room table started to look rather
bleak, even to me.
But sure enough, the KM3KM pack-
age arrived as promised with the new
RCA jack. This time, I followed the
instructions on the thumb drive — to the
letter. In the ham world, I’m used to min-
imal instructions and a lot of “figure it
out yourself” from manufacturers. The

42 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site


Photo F. The finished amplifier, a showpiece as well as a functional piece of gear.
manual for my last amp had been a pho-
tocopied few pages that made zero
sense to me. I had to rely on a user
group because we help each other in
amateur radio, which is one of the beau-
tiful things about our hobby. Believe me,
I was not used to the kind of detailed
instructions provided by this manufac-
turer. KM3KM provides you with high-
def, full-color photos and videos of how
to assemble the kit. It’s really very well
done, and my build proceeded nicely.
At least for the first two hours.
I had my confidence back and felt that
I had a good start on my project. When
Photo G. Off the dining room table and installed in the shack (at right in photo) … with an hour to spare before the table-
clearing deadline!
44 • CQ • September 2021
I was installing the antenna board onto
the back of the case after making some
coax connections, I noticed how every-
thing is so precise on the Mercury IIIS.
For example, the protruding backsides
of the chassis-mounted SO-239s are
designed to fit through the holes on the
antenna board perfectly. However, it
was here that I chose to veer from the
instructions (again!) and decided that
before I mounted the board, I would pre-
tin the four points where the SO-239s
are soldered to make my job a little eas-
ier. Unfortunately, doing so also made
the holes for those protruding SO-239s
imperceptibly smaller. I didn’t like the
feeling of having to push the board onto
SO-239s that didn’t want to squeeze
through the made-smaller holes. And I
sure didn’t like the “ping” I heard when
one of them shot its center pin across
my dining room table! OOPS.
Moving to Completion
Luckily for me, that was my last cata-
strophe in building the new amp. There
is indeed a lot of mechanical installation
involved in the process, and I went
through that aspect of the build just fine.
My hands still shook whenever it came
to a crucial solder connection, but I test-
ed every one of them with my multime-
ter and had problems only once, when
I had inadvertently created a tiny solder
bridge across a connection. The
instructions caution you to check these
as you go along.
The boards themselves are things of
beauty (Photo B). There’s no winding of
toroids as KM3KM has already done a
great job with that (Photo C). All the intri-
cate work has been completed, and the
assembly involves making the connec-
tions between these boards with coax,
and then placing the boards into their
positions in the case (Photo D). Each
piece is well fabricated — they fit togeth-
er like puzzle pieces — and it ends up
being a remarkably compact size and
shape. Individual boards are stacked on
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top of each other with standoffs and separator panels.
KM3KM has made good use of every bit of internal space. I
was happy to see three powerful fans included in the design
at various points inside the amp, to ensure that this tightly
packed environment wouldn’t exceed the temperature
requirements of the LDMOS.
I also enjoyed placing the touch screen (Photo E) into posi-
tion, as the manufacturer provides you with an adaptor to turn
on the screen, which helps position it properly on the front
panel (it was fun to light it up and to see my callsign already
in the programming). And I’ve seen the same lit-up, soft-touch
buttons I installed on my Mercury IIIS on the very best high-
end Hi-Fi equipment (another of my hobbies); that reinforced
the good feeling about having built a very high-quality amp
(Photo F).
I celebrated each step of the final testing process. I began by
driving the amp with only 1 watt — lo and behold, I saw no
smoke! I put the transceiver into RTTY mode and my 1 watt
into the amplifier delivered 30-35 watts to the dummy load. I
then began to slowly move up the exciter output and played
with different frequencies; I watched as the amp matched my
change in frequency with its autotune function. I checked to
ensure that all three fans were operational, and finally — just
an hour under my forced timeline — brought it into my shack
and hooked it up for some serious hamming (Photo G). Oh ...
and I cleaned up that big mess on the dining room table.
Now, the Real World
The first pileup I heard after getting my Mercury IIIS installed
was W9IMS, the special event station at the Indianapolis
Motor Speedway, operating the first of three speedway
events for a valued certificate. (Hey, I’m down for any new
wallpaper!) Before the amp, my 100 watts and a wire would
get me 10th place at best in a surge like this one. But here,
Published Specs – Mercury IIIS LDMOS Power
Amplifier Kit
Designed and Manufactured in the USA by KM3KM
Electronics, LLC.
• Operating bands 160-6 meters
• RF auto band decoding
• 7-inch color touch screen
• FWD / REF / SWR meter
• Voltage /current meter
• Advanced protection circuits
• Selection for three antennas w/memory
• 1,200 watts SSB / CW output
• 700 watts DIGI mode output
Additional Specs as noted:
• AC total consumption – 1,750 watts
• AC line load: 120V 14A, 240V 8A
• Maximum output limit PEP – 1,300 watts*
• Digital modes limit – 700 watts*
• Input limit – 80 watts; standby input limit – 100 watts*
• Reflected power limit – 125 watts*
• Drain current limit – 41 amps
• Temperature limit – 65°C (149°F)*
*These items are tied to protection circuits in the amplifi-
er, which shut down the Mercury IIIS with an audible warn-
ing and a screen shot indicating what correction is required
(for example, a reduction in the power input). Press the reset
button and the amp is back on the air.
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
on my first attempt, operator Don at W9IMS came back to
me with a, “Really solid signal, W7DGJ, great audio,” as his
comment. And then I looked down and found that I was only
tip-toeing into the amp’s capabilities by driving it with 20 watts
and generating 550 to 600 watts of SSB output.
I don’t have a legal limit antenna tuner, so I consider myself
lucky to have a resonant dipole that works well on several
bands without a tuner and can handle up to 3,000 watts. The
direct-read meter on the Mercury IIIS showed my SWR at
about 1.1:1 to 1.3:1 on most 40-meter frequencies. Because
the amp includes a built-in protection circuit if it detects an
SWR of 2.0:1 or greater, I had a feeling of comfort that I could
cruise the band without a lot of concern, as I’d be protected
when the Mercury IIIS gives its audible warning. Most impor-
tantly, gone was the fiddling with “plate” and “load” that I had
to deal with on the old tube amp ... I could actually tune
through the frequencies and jump on DX quickly. Even if I
had the Mercury set on another band entirely, the automat-
ic band switching function would protect me. After lunch yes-
terday, I turned on my ICOM and a station from Latvia was
coming in loud and clear from over the North Pole on 20
meters. I snagged him within 30 seconds of turning on my
radio, something I would never have been able to do with
vacuum tubes. I’m now a solid-state convert.
Recently, I’ve been enjoying my classes in the CW
Academy, the training ground for CWOps.4 I wouldn’t be
happy with my new amp if it gave me trouble cranking out
my seriously improved code at new power levels. This was
a bit of a question because KM3KM makes a point of stating
that 220 volts is best for CW operations, and as you may
recall, I had opted for the 110-volt power source. However,
I’ve found that it’s easy to make most contacts at the 600- to
750-watt level, which is still more than six times the output of
my IC-7300, and the amp stays happy and cool. When I need
to go after a call from a DX operator, I can crank the amp to
a kilowatt and know that I’m still OK.
The next afternoon, before moving over to 17 meters (the
noise on 40 was intense), I connected with two Haitian stations,
one right after the other, who both reported solid copy. I kicked
the ICOM up a couple of notches and watched the Mercury IIIS
take it in stride, moving to the range of about 1,200 watts SSB
output as I answered an Australian CQ on 17 who picked me
up over the short path with a 59++ report. I also had a great
ragchew session with a new Canadian friend from his home on
an island in British Columbia where passing cruise ships are
headed to Alaska. In short, I was in heaven ... suddenly so
much more “visible” on the bands than ever before.
Despite my successful build, I realize that raw power is still
only one part of the equation. Antennas are terribly impor-
tant, and someday I’ll build a tower and put up a big Yagi like
my friend Bill in South Africa (although Scottsdale, Arizona,
may be a bit more restrictive on height than the African bush).
But for now, the increased power output has changed my sta-
tion completely and given me a new rush of enjoyment for
my hobby.
The Mercury IIIS kit retails for $2,499 plus shipping, from
<www.km3km.com>.
Notes:
1. <www.km3km.com/elementor-1915>
2. LDMOS stands for laterally-diffused metal oxide semiconductor, a
specialized MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor)
frequently used in RF amplifiers.
3. As of press time, the required deposit was $1,200, with the balance
plus shipping charges due when the kit is ready to ship. Each set of
boards is prepared individually after an order is placed.
4. <www.cwops.org>
September 2021 • CQ • 45
 MATH’S NOTES
BY IRWIN MATH,* WA2NDM
A Simple Wide-Range Oscillator
F
or our offering this month, I would like to describe a
somewhat older integrated circuit (IC) that I have
recently had occasion to consider for the development
of a new product. I was impressed by how easy it was to work
with and I felt it would be of interest to the experimenters and
homebrewers who read this column. This is the Analog
Devices, Inc. LTC-1799. Packaged in a tiny surface-mount
package, the IC is a very simple-to-use oscillator that can be
set to any desired frequency from as low as 1 kHz all the way
up to 30 MHz with just a single resistor, so it can be used
throughout the entire amateur radio “low band” and “original
HF” spectrum. What is also unique about this specific com-
ponent is that it also contains a built-in divider that is used to
set the final frequency, but more about this in a moment.
Most of you are familiar with the common 555 device, which
has a multitude of uses. Requiring only a resistor and capac-
itor, this IC can be used as an oscillator, timer, pulse gener-
ator, etc. over a range of DC to around 100 kHz for standard
versions, and up to a MHz or two for specialized devices.
The LTC-1799, however, is not that versatile (it has no timer
or pulse width adjustment abilities) but it is a plain oscillator
Figure 1. Basic LTC-1799 circuit
Figure 2. Top view drawing of LTC-1799
*c/o CQ magazine
46 • CQ • September 2021
that is as easy to use as the 555 (maybe easier). As I men-
tioned, it can be configured to work anywhere from 1 kHz to
30 MHz and, like the 555, it only requires one resistor but in
this case no capacitor. Figure 1 shows the very basic
schematic of the published circuit (from the data sheet) using
the chip and, as you can see, it is pure simplicity. The only
possible potential drawback (for some) is that is it only avail-
able in a surface-mount package as shown in Figure 2. If you
are very careful, however, have a soldering iron with a nee-
dle pointed tip and good eyesight — perhaps along with a
small magnifying glass — you can easily solder short #26 to
#30 wire-wrap wire leads to the pins.
The LTC-1799 will operate from any voltage from 2.7- to
5.5-volts DC, but you must not exceed 6 volts or you will dam-
age the device. Since the chip only requires 5 mA to oper-
ate, your power source can certainly be batteries or even a
Figure 3. Working circuit of LTC-1799
Figure 4. Graph of Frequency vs. Rset (from LTC1799
datasheet / Analog Devices)
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cell phone charger if its output does not
rise above 5 volts. Due to its low power
requirements, it is ideal for portable pro-
ject applications.
Now for the fun part. The one resistor,
Rset, is used to determine the basic out-
put frequency. But before I tell you how
to select it, first look at Figure 3, which
is the actual working circuit, not much
more than Figure 2. You will note that
pin 4 is connected to an internal fre-
quency divider that is set to modify the
output. If this pin is grounded (as in
Figure 1) the output will be the basic fre-
quency it is set to since the division ratio
is 1. If pin 4 is left totally unconnected
then the output frequency will be divid-
ed by a factor of 10 and if it is connect-
ed to Vcc then the output will be divid-
ed by 100. While we have shown this
feature as a switch, you can certainly
hard-wire pin 4 as you wish.
The fundamental frequency is deter-
mined by the value of Rset. To deter-
mine its resistance, you must use the
following formula: Output (in MHz) = 10
MHz x 10K/DIV x Rset (where DIV = 1,
10, or 100 as selected by pin 4).
Grounding pin 4 will give the highest
output frequency since the division ratio
will be 1. If you then set the switch to
the open position the output will be
divided by 10; or if you set I to Vcc, it will
be divided by 100 as we mentioned. For
example, if you were to set the basic fre-
quency to 20 MHz (with a 5K-ohm resis-
tor) you would be able to get an output
of 20 MHz, 2 MHz, or 200 kHz. Likewise
setting the basic frequency to 100 kHz
will get you 100 kHz, 10 kHz, and 1 kHz.
All will be based on the setting of pin 4
and the accuracy of the resistor.
When choosing the actual value of
Rset, the data sheet suggests that it be
between 10K and 200K and that it is a
stable metal-film-type part; and for the
best results, you should use 5 volts as
the Vcc supply. A simple 7805 series
three-terminal regulator would be fine.
Figure 4, copied directly from the Linear
Technology (now Analog Devices) data
sheet, is a graph that shows the sug-
gested relationship between Rset and
the output frequency and should be used
as a guide. If you use this graph as a
starting point, you can then “fine tune”
the resistor value for exactly what you
want. The “most accurate” setting of the
output frequency can be better than ±1%
if you use 0.1 % metal-film resistors that
are readily available. You might even try
a low-resistance potentiometer in series
with a fixed resistor if you wish. The sta-
bility of the resistor and operating volt-
age are obviously important and you
may have to “play around” with the final
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
values to some degree. I strongly rec- such as Mouser Electronics or Digikey
ommend that you download the data Corporation, to name but a couple. Cost
sheet for the LTC-1799 for more details is about $5 for a single unit but there are
on this procedure as well as additional price breaks if you need more than one.
details on its operation. You can find it For those who are wondering about the
at <https://tinyurl.com/dmkpj2zh>. precision resistor, 0.1% metal-film de-
The output of the LTC-1799 is de- vices are also available from the same
signed to deliver a DC-coupled 5-volt sources and cost is well under $1.
square wave across a 5K-ohm load. Rise In conclusion the LTC-1799 is a clever
and fall times of this output are quite fast, device and its small size is ideal for many
but if you need a lower output impedance non-critical applications needing a tiny,
such as 50 ohms, you will need to add a simple-to-use oscillator that is almost
buffer stage. There are many ICs avail- (but not quite) as accurate and stable
able for this purpose and a search on the as a crystal or resonator type but cer-
internet can help you find suitable tainly much simpler.
devices or circuits. The IC is available at – Happy experimenting, Irwin,
most common electronics suppliers WA2NDM
BEHIND THE BYLINES...
… a little bit about some of the authors whose articles appear
in this issue
Martín Butera, LU9EFO/PT2ZDX (“Is Cuba Jamming Radio Amateurs?” p. 8), has
been a radio amateur and shortwave listener for more than 30 years. He has par-
ticipated in DXpeditions throughout South and Central America. An Argentine cur-
rently living in Brazil, Martin is a journalist, documentary maker, and co-founder of
an FM broadcast station in Buenos Aires. He is also a correspondent for several
newsletters that cover world radio issues around the globe and is the founder of a
shortwave listeners’ club in Brazil.
* Martin’s colleague, Daniel Camporini (“The U.S./Cuba ‘Radio Wars’ – A Brief
History,” p. 10), is an Argentine DXer, journalist, researcher, and radio producer, with
more than 40 years of experience. He is currently the producer of the program
“Historias de Radio,” editor of a Facebook page of the same name and author of the
recently published book, “Un Viaje por el Éter’’ (“A Journey Through the Ether”), in
which he describes the birth and development of radio broadcasting.
Kurt DeSoto, KO4JXB (lead author, “Understanding and Complying With the FCC’s
New Rules on Analyzing RF Exposure,” p. 14), is a communications attorney with
Wiley Rein LLP in Washington, DC and is a former FCC attorney. He advises a wide
variety of clients on wireless telecommunication matters. Co-author Richard
DiDonna, NN3W, is an international trade analyst with Wiley Rein and an accom-
plished contester. He is one of five amateurs pictured on this month’s cover, having
traveled to Montenegro this summer to operate the IARU HF World Championship
from 4O3A and get a feel for propagation from the Mediterranean in preparation for
the 2023 World Radiosport Team Championship (WRTC) competition in Italy.
Martti Laine, OH2BH (“My Way to DX From the Early Days,” p. 34), is a legend in
DXing and DXpeditioning. He has helped open up amateur radio activity in a dozen
countries, and shares his ham radio autobiography in this article.
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September 2021 • CQ • 47
 THE LISTENING POST
BY GERRY DEXTER

Shortwave Stations Around the World Come Back

Plus … A New Way to Save QSL Cards

~ Stalwart log reporter Harold Sellers reported the return
of medium wave (MW) CKMX-1060 and its shortwave part-
ner CFVP-6030 in Calgary, Alberta, Canada after a too-long
absence. The 6030-kHz transmitter was the bad boy in this
instance and CFVP’s engineering staff did yeomen’s work in
restoring service to the “Funny 1060” shortwave outlet. The
only hangup was CFVPs unfortunate power level, left to fight
those 49-meter mammoths using only a paltry 100 watts.
Still, if you get lucky, send your reception report to: <qsl
calgary@gmail.com>.
~ I’ve mentioned World Music Radio before. The Danish-
based unlicensed shortwave broadcaster has been active
lately. The latest splash is that the station has begun to use
25800 kHz, quite a way up there frequency-wise, where there
should be little — if any — QRM. It’s being noted in Europe
around 1730 UTC. Good luck, listeners!
~ Radio Vanuatu (RV) is showing up again on its third har-
monic (11835 kHz) around 0600 UTC. Maybe RV is toying
with the idea of an international service, even by mistake?
~ Now that Committee to Preserve Radio Verifications
(CPRV) is no longer active, Adrian Peterson of Adventist
World Radio’s (AWR) Wavescan program has offered to
accept and maintain these collections (whether large or
small) and find a suitable home for them where they can be
viewed and used for research. Peterson is already holding
approximately 100,000 QSLs that will eventually be part of
this master collection. Questions, inquiries, and actual col-
lection donations should be sent to Dr. Adrian M. Peterson,
AWR International Relations, 903 Tanninger Drive,
Indianapolis, Indiana, 46239.
AUSTRIA—Adventist World Radio on11880 via Moosbrunn at
0030 opening its French service. (Sellers, BC)
BOTSWANA—Voice of America Relay on 15460 at 1541 in
Hausa. (Brossell, WI)
BRAZIL—(All in Portuguese –GLD)
Radio Voz Missionaria via Camboriu on 9665 at 0948 with
snappy ballads. (KB2DMD, PA)
Radio Nacional Amazonia via Brasilia on 11780 at 2130 with
Brazil pop music. (Taylor, WI)
Radio Brazil Central via Goiania on 11815 at 0100 with pos-
sible theme, then man introducing a ballad. (Taylor, WI)
CANADA—CFVP via Calgary on 6030 at 1908 first day back
with comedy show, station ID mentioning 1060 AM and owner
Bell Media. (Sellers, BC)
CFRX via Toronto (Mississauga) on 6070 at 0514 on religious
leaders, I-Heart Radio station ID at 0524. (Sellers, BC)
Bible Voice / Dardasha 7 on 11600 via Bulgaria at 1511 in
Arabic, announcement by a woman at 1515 then into Brother
Stair. (Taylor, WI) On 11790 via Nauen at 1750 in Tigrinya.
(Brossell, WI)
CHINA—China Radio International on 7255 via Shijiazhuang
at 1301 in Russian; on 7445 via Urumqi at 2136 in Hungarian;
on 9640 via Kashi at 2124 in Spanish; on 11975 via Mali at 2213

Listener Logs
Your shortwave broadcast station logs are always welcome.
But please ensure to double or triple space between the
items, list each logging according to the station’s home coun-
try and include your last name and state abbreviation after
each. Also needed are spare QSLs, station schedules,
brochures, pennants, station / shack photos, and anything
else you think would be of interest. The same holds for ama-
teur radio operators who also listen to shortwave broadcasts
... I know you’re out there! You, too, are also most welcome
to contribute.
Here are this month’s logs. All times are in UTC. If no lan-
guage is mentioned, English is assumed.

ALGERIA—Radio Algerienne on 13815 via France at 1805

with a man making Arabic recitations. (Taylor. WI)
ASCENSION ISLAND—BBC-North Atlantic Relay on 6005 at
0651 on Amsterdam’s Concertgebouw Concert Hall on 9440 at
0713 in French with sports news. (Sellers, BC) On 11810 at
2108. (Brossell, WI)
CFVP on 6030 kHz in Calgary reinstitutes its 100-watt broad-
*c/o CQ magazine casts after a long silence.

48 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

in French. (Brossell, WI) On 1640 via Mali at 1931 with instru- NORTH KOREA—KCBS on 11680 at 2145 in Korean with the
mental music, a man speaking in Portuguese, closing announce- usual propaganda. (Barton, AZ)
ments at 1958 and off; on 17880 via Mali at 1624 with man talk- OPPOSITION—Nippon No Kaze (Via Taiwan to North Korea)
ing in Arabic. (D’Angelo, PA) On 11620 via Xianyang at 1030 in on 9940 at 1307 with woman speaking in Korean. (Taylor, WI)
Japanese. (Barton, AZ) Radio Dabanga (via Vatican to Sudan) on 7315 at 0436 in
CNR -7 / Greater Bay Radio on 7355 via Beijing at 1058 in Arabic, man interviewing a fast-talking woman. (Taylor, WI)
Cantonese, woman giving possible station ID, theme, man talk- Eye Radio (via Vatican to Ethiopia) in 15410 at 1603 in Arabic.
ing. (Taylor, WI) (Brossell, WI)
PBS-Xizang on 6200 via Baiding (Tibet) at 1129 with man Radio Tigray Media House (via France to Ethiopia) on 15160
speaking Mongolian with mellow music. (Taylor, WI) at 1554 in Tigrinya, (Brossell, WI)
PBS Nei Menggu on 9520 via Hohhot at 2144 in Mandarin. Radio Tamazuj (via France to Sudan), on15400 at 1553 in
(Brossell, WI) On 9750 via Hohhot at 1221 in Mongolian. (Taylor, Sudanese Arabic. (Brossell, WI)
WI) Denge Welat (Unknown Site to Turkey) on 11530 at 2136 in
COLOMBIA—La Montana Colombia via Maicao on 4940 at Kurdish featuring drums and marching band, off in mid-sentence
0550 in Spanish with Christian songs. (Sellers, BC) Heard at at 2155. (Taylor, WI)
0436. (Taylor, WI) PALAU ISLAND—T8WH (Hope Radio) on 9965 via Medorn at
CZECH REPUBLIC—Radio Prague on 15770 via WRMI at 2100 1042 with Christian talk. (Taylor, WI)
with station ID and presumed Czech folk tunes. (Barton, AZ) PERU—Radio Tarma via Tarma on 4775 at 0149 with pop /
ENGLAND—BBC on 9575 via an unknown site at 0009 with rock music, station ID sequence in Spanish at 0201. (Taylor, WI)
interview on U.S. / Russian relations, other features. (Taylor, WI) PHILIPPINES—FEBC on 12095 via Bocaue at 1330 with IS
On 9900 via Sri Lanka at 1352 in Bengali. (Brossell, WI) On and into the Khmu language of Northern Laos; Far East
11660 via Woofferton at 1832 with a woman giving a rundown Broadcasting / Radio Liangyou on 9400 at 1045 with a man and
of upcoming programs; on 13790 via Vatican at 1806 with a man woman speaking in English and Korean with religious talk.
then a woman speaking in French. (Taylor, WI) (Barton, AZ)
FRANCE—RFI on 11995 at 1902 with news in French. PIRATES—WREN on 6960-upper sideband (USB) at 0145
(Brossell, WI) with rock and the occasional station ID. WEZL on 6925u at 0106
GERMANY—Deutsche Welle on 11830 via France at 1606 in with rock, briefly in lower sideband (LSB), at 0118 with waterfall
Amharic. (Brossell, WI)
Channel 292 on 9670 via Rohrbach at 0113 with segued music.
(Taylor, WI)
GUAM—Adventist World Radio on 11960 via Agat with vocals,
woman speaking in Indonesian. (Barton, AZ) On 12055 at 1313
with man and a woman alternating talking in Katchin. (Taylor, WI)
INDIA—All India Radio on 11560 via Bengaluru at 1341 in Dari.
(Brossell, WI) On 13710 via an unknown site at 0030 with a
woman speaking in a Chinese dialect. (Barton, AZ)
JAPAN—Radio Japan on 7325 via Yamata at 0704 in Japanese
with what sounded like sports play-by-play. (Sellers, BC)
MALI—RTV Mali via Bamako via 5995 at 0625 with woman then
a man speaking in French. (Sellers, BC) At 2349-0001* with short
vocals, drumming segments, and French talks. (D’Angelo, PA)
MADAGASCAR—World Christian Broadcasting on 9845 via
Mahajanga at 1954 in Russian, closing at 1955; on 13710 at
2002 with man and woman speaking in Arabic. (Sellers, BC)
Light of Life Radio on 11610 at 2113 in Mandarin. (Brossell,
WI)
Pirate station Zeppelin Radio hasn’t been active for some
MEXICO—Radio Educacion via Mexico D.F. on 6185 at 0629
with guitars, station ID followed by a woman speaking in Spanish
time and even when active, it was rarely heard.
at 0630. (Sellers, BC)
NEW ZEALAND—RNZ Pacific on 7245 via Rangitaiki at 0701
with national news; on 11725 at 0531 with Pacific news. (Sellers,
BC) At 0833 with sports news. (KB2DMD, PA) On 13840 with a
woman reading the news. (Barton, AZ)

Danish World Music Radio has gone way, way up there, Radio Thailand mixes entertainment, news, and commer-
now operating on 25800 kHz. cials with its broadcasts.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 49

slow-scan TV (SSTV). Skunk House
Radio Network on 6925 with big band
music, occasional SSTV waterfall and bal-
lads. Dr. Detroit on 5185 at 0010 with rock
but just audible. Wasteland Radio on 6925
USB at 0012 with rock, SSTVs, off about
0030. WDOG on 6965 at 0015 with pro-
If you are into contesting, do not start
“Pacific Dash (From Asia Vagabond to
Casino King),” the first novel by a
sometime Listening Post reporter; it’s
not a casual read. But it is available
from major booksellers.
Radio Taiwan International tries to
keep up with its adversary, China
Radio International.
50 • CQ • September 2021
gressive rock, echo station ID, and off.
Poop Deck Radio on 6950 USB at 0117
with vocals, mellow ’80s-style musical
things, station ID followed by more mel-
low things. (Taylor, WI)
WREN on 6960 USB at 0142 soft rock
and ballads. Skunk House Radio on 6925
USB at 0117 with big band music and bal-
lads. Damn Skippy on 6930 USB at 0147
with songs, SSTV/FAX. (Hassig, IL)
Reported in past columns: Wolverine
Radio, Outhouse Radio, Ballsmacker
Radio, Captain Morgan, Damn Skippy,
Goat Herder, WTF, Radio Free Whatever,
and The Vault.
ROMANIA—Radio Romania Interna-
tional on 7310 via Tiganesti at 2130 with an
English station ID, news. (Brossell, WI) On
11780 via Galbeni at 0158 with IS at 0200
in Spanish, mixing with Amazonia. (Barton,
AZ) On 13650 via Tiganesti in Russian with
magazine type program. (Sellers, BC)
SAO TOME—Voice of America-Relay
on 15215 at 1339 with a woman doing an
interview. (Taylor, WI)
SAUDI ARABIA—BSKSA on 15205 via
Riyadh at 1731 with Qu’ran. (Brossell, WI)
Al Azm Radio on 11745 via Jeddah at
1914 in Arabic with a pop song and an
interview by a woman. (Sellers, BC)
SINGAPORE—BBC-Far East Relay on
15145 at 1208 on difficulties with Russia.
(Taylor, WI)
SPAIN—REE on 11685 at 1916 in
Spanish. (Brossell, WI) On 15520 at 2012
in Spanish with announcements and short
music segments. (D’Angelo, PA) On
17855 at 2145 with futbol. (Barton, AZ)
SRI LANKA—SLBC on 11905 at 0044
with woman then into a man giving a
speech, South Asian songs, off at 0055.
(Taylor, WI)
SWEDEN—IBRA Media / Radio Sama
on 15510 via Woofferton at 1840 in
Tigrinya with woman and occasional man
talking, perhaps an interview. (Taylor, WI)
TAIWAN—RTI on 9660 at 1212 in
Mandarin; on 9555 was barely audible
under a CNR-1 jammer. (Taylor, WI) On
9900 via Danshui at 2320 in Mandarin.
(Brossell, WI)
THAILAND—Radio Thailand on 9885
via Paochung at 1230 in Mandarin, off at
1300 revealing a CNR-1 jammer. (Taylor,
WI) On 15590 via Udon Thani at 0012 with
English news and promos. (D’Angelo, PA)
At 0110 in Thai. (Barton, AZ) At 0249.
(Taylor, WI)
TURKEY—Voice of Turkey on 11815
via Emirler at 1554 in Turkish. (Brossell,
WI) On 9465 via Emirler at 0238 in Uighur,
man talking at length and not jammed.
(Taylor, WI)
UNITED STATES—Voice of America
on 7470 via Thailand relay at 1305 in
Mandarin; on 9620 via the Philippine relay
at 2254 in Mandarin; on 11610 at 1738 in
Somali; on 15185 via Greenville at 2034
in French to Africa. (Sellers, BC) On
11610 via Woofferton at 1914 with woman
speaking in Tigrinya with some English to
1929 close. (D’Angelo, PA)
Radio Free Asia on 9580 via Taiwan at
1227 in Korean. (Taylor, WI)
Radio Farda on 12005 via Woofferton at
1703 in Farsi. (Taylor, WI)
KVOH / Voice of Hope on 9975 via
Rancho Simi at 0540 with pop oldies, sta-
tion ID followed by more music. (Sellers,
BC)
Adventist World Radio on 11790 via
France at 2048 in Yourba; on 11880 via
Madagascar at 1957 with man speaking
in Arabic and instrumental music. (Sellers,
BC) On 15410 via Sri Lanka at 0254 with
woman speaking in Dari; on 15515 via
Tajikistan at 1703 in English with South
East Asian music. (Taylor, WI)
VANUATU—Radio Vanuatu on 11835
(third harmonic of 3945) via Port Vila at
0601 with woman speaking in local
Bislama with wood drums and more
music. (Sellers, BC)
VATICAN—Vatican Radio on 9705 via
SM Galeria at 2013 on refugees, station
ID for Africa News. (Sellers, BC)
ZAMBIA—Voice of Hope on 11680 via
Makeni Ranch at 0443 with a man preach-
ing in English, part of the Abounding
Grace program. (D’Angelo, PA)
Quien Sabe (Who Knows?)
~ 9790 with a children’s program
“Dream. Dream, Dream” mentioned in
English, carrier / music off at 1230 UTC.
FEBC listed in Khmer from 1100-1200
UTC, nothing else shown at this hour.
(Taylor, WI)
Back in the Day
~ Ondas Quevedenas, HCHA-2,
Quevedo, Ecuador, using 250 watts on
3810 kHz at 0408 UTC, with a domestic
service in Spanish on January 7, 1965.
Just Sayin’
William Hassig wonders about an
increase in the ambient noise level in
recent years and whether this may be
due to AT&T’s Uverse service that feeds
“tens of kilobytes per second” through
the same lines used for regular phone
service. (Most “drops” are overhead
from pole to house, making them excel-
lent noise regulators. –GLD)
Thanks for Your Logs
A ton of thanks go to the good guys this
month: Harold Sellers, Vernon, BC;
Rich D’Angelo, Wyomissing, PA;
William Hassig, Mt. Pleasant, IL; Mark
Taylor, Madison, WI; Rick Barton, El
Mirage, AZ; KB2DMD, Rich Parker,
Pennsburg, PA; and Bob Brossell,
Pewaukee, WI.
Until next month ... Keep on keepin’
on, and ... Celebrate Shortwave!
Visit Our Web Site
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 EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS
BY STAN BROADWAY,* N8BHL

How to Perform When Called in an Emergency: Practice Now

T here are a few axioms in amateur

radio emergency communications:
1. You must have a relationship with
your served agency / agencies before
the emergency. When an EOC is oper-
ational is the wrong time to exchange
business cards.
2. Your volunteers must have training
and certification required by your
served agency in order to “play.”
3. Above that, your volunteers must
know their stuff. You won’t be called
back if you can’t do the job.
Let’s take a look at the third element.
From my first days as a ham in the
1970s, there have been operators who
jump at the chance to get involved and
help their agencies (formally or infor-
* <n8bhl@cq-amateur-radio.com>
mally) after a disaster on any scale. I
remember following a fire chief carrying
a ham handheld and several different
fire handhelds to help him coordinate
multiple agencies. Now that the re-
sponse is much more formal, expecta-
tions are higher for what amateur radio
can provide. How do we assure our vol-
unteers are at the top of their game?
Practice, of course.
One of the best and most traditional
ways of practicing is to provide commu-
nication for “public service” events —
runs, walks, rides, pretty much anything
involving the wearing of Spandex®.
There is also the opportunity to provide
service to your community at festivals,
holiday celebrations, and more. If noth-
ing else, it’s great PR to be seen help-
ing the event. But there’s a lot more.
Do you have regular radio nets? The
purpose goes further than merely test-
ing radios. Net control stations get prac-
tice. Net managers and participants
each get to know the “radio” side of their
volunteers — the sound of their voices,
their conduct in a controlled environ-
ment, their abilities as radio operators.
These are all needed in a short-fuse
emergency. Whenever you can, add to
that the practice of providing service to
public events. It places operators in
temporary conditions, where failure or
lack of an adapter can be a challenge.
It gets people into the field and requires
proper setup of net control. The basics
hold true for a small event all the way
to the majors, such as the Boston and
New York City Marathons, where
30,000 close friends run their legs off.
Example: Ironman
We can take a look at one major event
which is likely to involve amateurs
around the country, the Ironman. This
is a triathlon event consisting of a 2.4-

The Ironman triathlon combines a 2.4-mile swim with a 112-mile bike race, such as this one through Camp Pendleton,
California, and a 26.2-mile marathon. Hams often help provide communications for these events. (U.S. Defense
Department photo) (Inset) Ken Hammond, Ironman Race Director

52 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

mile swim, followed by a 112-mile bicycle race and then a full
26.2-mile running marathon. For over 43 years, this has been
a showplace for grueling competition across a number of dif-
ferent athletic skills, and it’s held in a large number of cities.
The Ironman operates using hundreds of local volunteers,
including amateur radio operators who supplement commu-
nications across the different courses. When we talk about
providing that service, we hear the very same terms that we
take home from ICS/NIMS courses — things like “unified
command.” It doesn’t require much of a stretch to see how
putting together a communication plan for this large event
parallels what an EC might do planning for or reacting to an
emergency.
Ironman Race Director Ken Hammond (see photo) is a
familiar person in most Ironman cities, certainly here in
Delaware, Ohio, where we completed another Ironman 70.3
event in late July. See if you can draw the similarities and
suggestions from the story.
Preparation begins in the fall, as safety and planning
agencies begin to circulate emails and meet in planning
sessions. Amateur radio is included as a basic participant
in those meetings, and the communications plan is includ-
ed in the overall operations document which is published
by Fire Chief John Donahue and Police Chief Bruce
Pijanowski. The state highway department, Department of
Natural Resources, sheriff’s representatives from three
counties and many other organizations are a part. The les-
son here is amateur radio ECs and operators need to con-
tinually cultivate a working relationship with their agencies.
We hams need to stay in contact (without badgering) so
we can be seen as an integral part of public service. When
we have earned their trust, we will be included in these
planning sessions.
A few months before the event, Hammond and his key
Ironman staff members meet with local leaders to confirm our
plans and add any suggestions or changes. From that meet-
ing comes a more finalized plan. At the same time, even
though it’s early, amateur radio plans are created or updat-
ed and key operators are recruited. In this case, ARES groups
from three counties are involved so duties and responsibili-
ties are important. Mutual aid between county-level groups
is not something that just happens. We must maintain com-
munication with each other!
Hammond has seen amateur radio used in many venues.
“I know a lot of events I’ve worked has it [amateur radio] but
not everybody. I don’t know if everybody has access to it. I
mean like having a developed club,” said Hammond. In some
locations, there might be just over a half dozen people, he
says. In our event, 29 operators were involved, so the range
would be in between.
“Because it’s just another layer of communication. It’s never
a bad thing to have another set of eyes on the course and
those eyes having an effective way of communication,” he
said. “Efficient communication and reliability has been some-
thing that I have always looked at. Our Syracuse event and
Lake Placid are the same way — you get those mountains
in the landscape and you don’t have coverage. There were
spots where cellphones didn’t work so our internal radios
wouldn’t work since they’re cellphone based. Operators in
Syracuse would find dead spots along the way, so it’s always
tough.” Hammond is worried about covering those spots to
ensure there is coverage. Hams help in being able to over-
come those dead spots.
“The other thing that’s nice with you guys is the ability to
set up repeaters and mobile antennas which you can’t do
with cellphone coverage. With Lake Placid, there are a few
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
different repeaters around the course to overcome moun-
tains around the course.” In Syracuse, there was a ski moun-
tain on the course where amateurs were permitted to set up
a portable repeater.
If that sounds like the same kind of challenge you would
face establishing communication after a disaster, it should.
The steps are practically the same.
Amateur radio technology is able to provide a cohesive,
wide area communications network that Hammond appre-
ciates. “I think you are on the front edge of that technology
that we’re using out there,” he said. Our chase vehicle, an
amateur operator, was running APRS so we in command
could watch the progress of the tail as it moved around
the course.
We don’t have emergencies all the time, but we do have
the same kind of challenges. And Hammond’s perspective is
this: “Having a unified command is good. Having extra eyes
is important. In Delaware, for example, say we had lightning
on that run course. I have three people over 13 miles (Ironman
staff) who can get the word out. If I go to the police officers
that’s four more, so we now have seven. But if we add the
amateur radio operators and say they’re at aid stations, and
I know you were at more places than that, that’s another five.
And so now we’ve gone from seven to 13 to get that word
out there. Having you as part of unified command, and hav-
ing you guys able to get that message out it adds another
layer of communication.”
The term unified command keeps coming up in our dis-
cussion. Hammond says they try to have a unified command
where everyone is together. “What we use in Delaware where
all of you were in the same room, that’s what I find ideal and
that’s what we aim for. In Syracuse and Lake Placid that’s
the way we did it.”
Consider how your safety agencies would address any
emergency — the very same conditions would probably be
applied. That benefit of having all decision-makers in the
same room is obvious, and the ICS structure can be applied
to your events.
“In Texas where it’s a full distance, you’ve got FBI,
Homeland Security, and Secret Service all involved. There
are three different command posts, but the core of it is still in
one place.” Hammond says that amateur radio generally fits
well into the operational meetings. Not everyone is a good
fit, he says, but in the main, amateur radio is an integral part
of the planning.
Configuring Your Network
Addressing how amateur radio is configured to serve your
particular event is an excellent process with which to become
familiar. In any large event, ICS (Incident Command System)
will certainly be used. As a flexible system, ICS operation
expands for even larger events like New York and Boston.
But “smaller” events are just as important and just as much
a learning opportunity. Becoming familiar while working
events such as these is a must in order to be ready for an
emergency response. Perhaps more important is the oppor-
tunity to work with the response coordinators with whom you’d
partner in a real emergency. There’s no better way to main-
tain a relationship than to work with and earn trust from those
very people.
There is actually substance to the mantra, “In order to prac-
tice for a disaster we operate public service events.” In many
cases, large or small, these events can be critical in prepar-
ing us to function at our best as amateur radio operators in
an emergency.
September 2021 • CQ • 53
 THE HAM NOTEBOOK
TEXT AND PHOTOS BY WAYNE YOSHIDA*, KH6WZ

So Many Projects — So Little Time!

A
s I write this installment of “The
Ham Notebook,” the summer
heat is blasting away, with tem-
peratures in the 80s. I am feeling lazy
from lack of sleep and the last few days
at the day job have been filled with,
“emergency, drop everything, we need
this now,” situations.
I am temporarily straying away from
my “present tense attitude” for this arti-
cle. As the title mentions, I have so
many projects but so little time to com-
plete them. I blame part of this on the
pandemic but also have to say that I am
inspired to desire these things because
of the inspiration I get from the various
podcasts, articles, and online meetings
I watch or participate in.
This is going to be a list of projects I
have in queue, to be completed at a “to
be determined” time. This is not good,
but it may help get me motivated to drive
the projects to completion.
Let’s start on a positive note with pro-
jects completed ...

Useful Field Day and Station

Accessories
Field Day is finished for this year, but I
still have some things to repair, clean up,
and put away in storage. One of the
things that has been on my “Field Day
To-Do List” for many years is some sort
of multiple headphone audio mixer, so
several people can listen to one radio at
the same time. This would be a valuable
“teaching assistant” as well as a conve-
nience item when an “operator” and a
“logger” are sharing the same rig.
Photo A. An inexpensive stereo headphone amplifier allows multiple operators to I have a design in my head, using some
hear a single radio. Each headphone output has an individual level control. audio amplifier ICs I have in my junk
bins. The unit would have a minimum of
four outputs, each with its own volume
control. This is much better than the typ-
ical headphone or external speaker “Y”
adapter, since the volume is controlled
by one person / the radio receiver and
limits the number of outputs.
As I collected the parts and located a
suitable chassis box from my junk box,
I thought about the effort it would take
to build one, the components I had to
buy, and the time it would take.
Then I looked around the internet for
some ideas, and of course, several
commercially made units popped up in
my search. At less than $30, I decided
to place an order for a small four-chan-
nel headphone amplifier (Photo A). A
nice and easy solution to something I
wanted for several years.
I decided my Field Day go box power
supplies and DC power distribution
cables needed some re-work. Since I
Photo B. A six-outlet 12-volt power distribution box with an inline fuse holder made have many Anderson PowerPole con-
from junk box parts. tacts and housings, I decided to make
a 12-volt octopus cable, although in this
case the cable has six connections (a
email: <kh6wz@cq-amateur-radio.com> sextuplet outlet). The input cable is a 6-
Linkedin: www.linkedin.com/in/wayneTyoshida foot length of 12-gauge wire. An in-line

54 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

fuse holder is spliced into the positive line and is outside of
the junction box to simplify replacement when or if the fuse
blows. A plastic junction box and cover plate (less than a dol-
lar each) from the hardware store houses the connections to
the output connectors, shown in Photo B.
I decided to dedicate my computer “gaming headset” to a
better purpose: I made an interface so I can connect the head-
set to my Elecraft KX2 (Photos C, D, and E). This took a bit
of research but turned out to be easy. Computer headsets
may have a microphone, but most do not have a push-to-talk
switch.
The key to success is to purchase a cable with a 3.5-mil-
limeter, four-conductor, tip-ring-ring-sleeve (TRRS) plug
attached. There are not too many unterminated TRRS plugs
out there and the ones I viewed online have very tiny contacts.
It is best to buy a cable and cut it for its cable / connector.
Since the interface required a small box for the PTT but-
ton, I decided to add a jack for an external foot switch. A
schematic is shown in Figure 1.

Some Things on the “To-Do” List

While watching a video session on the Cycle 25 YouTube
channel by John Fallows, VE6EY, called “Spatial Interference
Filtering / Reducing Noise,” I thought I would give one of the
devices a try, since the noise floor around my house is about
S4, making listening to anything uncomfortable.
Photo C. A computer “gaming headset” with a boom mic for
my Elecraft KX2. Most computer headsets are equipped with
two 3.5-millimeter stereo plugs, one for the microphone and
one for the earphones. There is no provision for PTT.

Photo D. Computer headsets must be adapted to include a PTT function.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 55

Photo E. The gam- Unlike pulse-type noise blankers,
ing headset to KX2 these units are connected to an “inter-
interface box. The ference antenna” and the interference
PTT button is at the eliminator is connected between the
top. The micro- receiver and main antenna. With two
phone plugs into the signals coming into the receiver, the
upper jack. The interference eliminator can adjust the
external PTT unwanted signal phase and amplitude.
(footswitch) plugs Interference is removed by feeding an
into the bottom jack, out-of-phase signal against the same
insulated from signal — cancelling out the interference
chassis ground. The before it enters the receiver.
TRRS plug goes to I ordered an X-Phase QRM Eliminator
the transceiver. (Photo F) from Anton, RAØSMS, and
need to put the thing together. The unit
has good reviews on eHamNet. My kit
arrived faster than I thought it would,
and I need to get this project going.
Since I have plenty of connectors and
cabinets in my junk box, I saved some
money by ordering the parts kit with
no box.
On the microwave bands front, I have
a collection of 10-meter mobile radios
that are going to be converted into 2-
meter IF radios. While Google-search-
ing for 28- to 144-MHz transverters, I
discovered the item from an eBay sell-
er called “hfvhfparts.”
The transverter is shown in Photo G.
It looks like it is small enough to fit inside
the Radio Shack HTX-10 mobile rig.
So, my next microwave radios will
have a “double-transverter” system: 28
MHz (10 meters) to 144 MHz (2 meters)
to 5760 MHz (6 centimeters).
Speaking of microwave bands, I still
have a pile of parts for a pair of 122-
GHz (not a typo: it is 122 GHz or 2.5 mil-
limeters) transverter systems (Photo
Figure 1. The KX2 to gaming headset schematic. H). The transverters are based on an
automotive radar System on a Chip
(SOC). The SOC even includes the
receive and transmit antennas built into
the package.
I have one chassis box partially pre-
pared for the circuit board. Another
chassis box will house the power sup-
ply, switching and IF radio interface
circuits. I have two antenna choices
for thee systems: A machined horn
antenna with about 20- or 30-dB gain,
or a small offset-feed satellite dish for
some “real DX.” I will make two units,
so I will be able to talk to someone on
the other end!

On Present Tense Thinking

Photo F. The RAØSMS X-Phase QRM Eliminator kit, to be assembled.
Regarding the Present Tense way of
thinking I adopted several years ago: By
shifting away from thinking, writing and
speaking in future tense to thinking,
writing, and speaking in the present
tense, I am more productive, and even
better, I am earning a pretty good rep-

56 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

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utation for completing projects effi-
ciently and on time at my new job.
The past tense is good for highlight-
ing what you have done or completed.
That can be very satisfying. But it does
not do too much for things that must be
completed now.
Photo G. This 28- to 144-MHz transverter will be used with a Radio Shack HTX-
10, to create an inexpensive IF radio for my microwave transverters.
Photo H. A pile of parts soon to become a 122-GHz transverter system.
58 • CQ • September 2021
The future tense is sort of a teaser: It
is a promise that may or may not be
kept, since no one can predict the
future. It is exactly like that famous sign
in a bar that says, “Free Beer
Tomorrow.” It sounds great, but then
you realize it is a cruel joke.
The present tense gets away from
making a promise that you may not be
able to keep. Shifting to the present
makes you focus on getting things done
today, right now. So when making a sta-
tus report, it becomes a positive state-
ment of things accomplished today.
If something is in-progress, an esti-
mate of when the task is complete can
help you deliver on that promise.
Need Some Inspiration?
Are you looking for some ham radio
inspiration? Search for ham radio
focused online discussion groups, pod-
casts, and YouTube channels. There
are sites for builders, contesters, gen-
eral discussions, and all kinds of other
topics. A few of my favorites are listed
in the References section. One new and
interesting YouTube channel is called
“Cycle25 Hub,” and is mentioned in the
References section.
Search for more websites and include
your ham radio interests or specialties
as part of your search. For example, a
search for “ham radio astronomy” gives
about 6,440,000 results.
– 73, Wayne, KH6WZ
References:
• “What Tense are You?”
<https://tinyurl.com/2mpznrzc>
• Cycle25 Hub (Not club), from the UK
to California on YouTube:
<https://tinyurl.com/2cab6ph8>
• Ham Radio Workbench Podcast:
<www.hamradioworkbench.com>
• QSO Today Amateur Radio Podcast:
<www.qsotoday.com>
• QSO Today Virtual Expo
<www.qsotodayhamexpo.com>
• The X-Phase QRM Eliminator from
Anton RAØSMS:
<https://tinyurl.com/4545h2nb>
• John Fallows VE6EY on the X-Phase
QRM Eliminator:
<https://tinyurl.com/ta8ba8uv>
• Reviews for: QRM Eliminator X-Phase
by RAØSMS on eHam.net:
<https://tinyurl.com/y2j7kyzc>
• 144 MHz for the KX2 Transverter by
VK3YY:
<https://tinyurl.com/uep9pwsn>
• The 122G03 Transverter Users Group:
<https://groups.io/g/The122GProject>
Visit Our Web Site
 KIT BUILDING
BY JOE EISENBERG,* K0NEB

A “Key” Project

W
hen writing about kits and the files I downloaded, I could add identical from Thingiverse and searching for
things we use to make them, it copies to my print field. You can use dif- Thing #3167343 <https://tinyurl.com/
is sometimes easy to overlook ferent colors or the same colors of fila- 3sxjrffa>. Although he mentions that
the simplest ideas for kits. Often, these ment for the top and bottom pieces. the design can be modified for other
are the things that clubs and groups can With a whole rainbow of filament colors sizes of hardware, I stuck with the met-
put together for a group kit-building available including glow-in-the-dark, ric-sized hardware Skauli specified. I
experience and introduce their mem- the plastic pieces can be made to suit have found that if you are making a larg-
bers to the fun of making things for ham your club or group. er quantity of these, you can get the
radio. This kit is no exception, and uti- parts at a much lower cost than at your
lizes the highest of new technology, and local hardware store by ordering them
yet is extremely simple to assemble and Print First … in bulk from Fastenal or other hardware
to create the kit and to assemble it. The key 3-D files and Skauli’s full suppliers. The same goes for the audio
Often, time is at a premium when doing instructions can be freely downloaded cables, which can often cost less than
a kit-build as a group, and this kit can
be assembled in as little as 15 minutes.
To start off, I have seen numerous
simple straight keys that are made as
part of other kits, mostly code practice
oscillators and QRP transmitter or
transceiver kits. A great example of this
is the Four State QRP Group’s “Cricket”
series of QRP CW transceiver kits
<www.4sqrp.com/cricket40.php>.
Each of these incorporates the key as
an integral part of the kit. Another is the
ARRL Morse Code Oscillator Kit
<https://tinyurl.com/9ftmftw7> or the
Pacific Antennas CPO kit <http://qrp-
kits.com/cpo.html>.
The kit I am going to cover is not
offered as a kit, but it is very easy to
gather the parts at a low cost and make
kits for your club or group. This simple
CW key design for 3-D printers was cre-
ated by Skauli Torbjørn, LA4ZCA, in
Norway. This key project consists of
two plastic pieces you can print on a 3-
D printer and 5 screws, a washer and The two 3-D printed parts of the key, along with the cable and the bag of parts,
a spring; as well as half of a very inex- ready to begin assembly.
pensive audio cable. It offers an
adjustable gap and spring tension as
well. I 3-D printed mine using PLA fila-
ment and a good stainless steel 0.4-mil-
limeter nozzle on my Creality Ender 3
Pro. These pieces can be printed at a
faster speed, but I chose to print them
more slowly to ensure a nicer appear-
ance and more precise printing of the
holes and better sizing of the two
pieces. I printed them in batches of 10
at a time to speed things up and spend
less time tending to the 3-D printer. By
using my slicing program on the .STL

*7133 Yosemite Drive, Lincoln, NE 68507

email: <k0neb@cq-amateur-radio.com> There are just five screws, a spring, a washer, and a pair of solder lugs to make
Hamfest Hotline #5855 this simple key.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 59

 The two solder lugs are attached to the leads and are ready
to be attached to the top and bottom pieces of the key.

The cable is run from the hole in the back to the side and
forms a loop before it re-enters the base to go to the center
area to be prepared for connection to the solder lugs. Once
tightened after connection, the side opening becomes a
strain relief.

The wires are

stripped and
trimmed to
length. The red
(ring) wire is
twisted with the
shield wire to
make the ring
and sleeve parts
of the plug both
grounded. The spring is put in place before the top screw is put in place.

50 cents each when ordered in bulk. To get these audio

cables for groups, I order 6-foot cables with 1/8-inch stereo
plugs on each end in quantity and simply cut them in half to
create two 3-foot cables for making these key kits. I came
close to about 70 cents of parts per key by buying them in
bulk, making this a very inexpensive project. I also added tiny
solder lugs to the key for a better appearance and easier
assembly.
When printing objects on a 3-D printer, there is often a very
slight widening at the base called a “foot,” caused by the slow
cooling of the hot filament material when it reaches the heat-
ed platform material (if it is heated). Normally, this is not a
big issue, but when fitting these two plastic parts together, I
found it made the fit a bit too tight. Fortunately, the problem
was not an extreme issue, and simply using an emery board
or a Dremel® tool or both on the top piece where it meets
the base makes for a very quick and easy fix. The larger bot-
The completed key is ready to go on the air!
tom piece does not have to be changed, but you might need
to be sure the holes in it are all clear when done printing.
… Build Second
I began my assembly by first addressing the fit between the
top and bottom pieces with an emery board, and then using
a very tiny drop of cyanoacrylate glue sometimes known as
“Krazy Glue” or “Super Glue” to glue the washer to the posi-
tion in the top piece. It only takes a tiny droplet of glue to
secure the washer, and I simply tilted the top piece a bit to

60 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 Outstanding Transmit Audio
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audio that makes them ask what you're running ... to penetrating increases talk power without the distortion and restricted frequency
of the cable going out the strain relief on DX/Contest audio that gets results, wide-range adjustability is at your response of ordinary speech processors. Dual Band EQ, Downward
the side before stripping the end, I can command. Noise Gate reduces background noise for a cleaner, more Expander for noise reduction, Effects for psychoacoustic magic.
effective signal. Universal Interface lets you use most any microphone LED Bar Graph. Front panel controls. Universal Interface matches most
easily adjust the remaining amount of with any radio including classics. I-K-Y selector for plug-n-play with all mics, all radios. I-K-Y mic selector. Switched outputs for 3 radios.
cable after I am done stripping it and sol- popular brand micro-phones. Switched outputs for 2 radios. Headphone Monitor. RFI protection. Powerful stand alone system or
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dering the lugs. I stripped about 1-3/8 Products purchased from W2IHY include 30 Day Money Back Guarantee and 3 Year Parts/Labor Warranty.
inches of the outer insulation from the Top-rated Product Quality, Technical Support and Customer Service.
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wires and connected the stripped end www.w2ihy.com Staatsburg, NY 12580
of the tip wire to the lug going to the top
piece. I shortened the shield lead by
about a half inch and joined it with the
wire coming from the ring on the plug
and soldered them to a lug.
The reason behind connecting these
two wires together is because many kit
radios with built-in keyers have a single
key / paddle input jack and sense if it is
a straight key or paddle by the presence
or absence of a short between the ring
and the sleeve on the plug at power-up.
If a mono plug is used with a straight
key, there is only a tip and sleeve con-
nection. In 1/8- or 1/4-inch stereo plugs
as used with a paddle or straight key,
there is a tip then ring then sleeve, with
the sleeve in both mono and stereo
plugs being the shield / ground lead. Last Year, our members worked thousands of hours for
When using a stereo plug and cable,
joining the ring and sleeve wires makes
it appear as a mono plug to kits that are
looking for that type of connection from
a straight key.
NO PAY
Once the wires are soldered to the And this year are well on their way to doing

EVEN MORE!
lugs, the two short screws can be used
to hold the lugs in their places on the
top and bottom parts of the key and form
the key contacts. The spring is placed
in position, and the longest screw is
used to bring the two pieces together WHY?
and adjust the gap for the key. Moving
the spring towards the back of the key Because they are giving back to their communities! They are
reduces the tension, while bringing it
forward increases it. The slack in the helping with civic events, motorist assistance AND MORE,
cable can be pulled out carefully and the yes even emergencies and disasters, if needed!
key is ready to be used! Thanks to
Skauli, LA4ZCA, for developing this
simple key design and to ARRL Hudson CONTACT
Division Director Ria Jairam, N2RJ, for
introducing me to this great 3-D key REACT INTERNATIONAL
design.
I look forward to hearing how clubs
301-316-2900
and groups use this simple key design Or write to
to introduce people to the fun of build- REACT INTERNATIONAL
ing kits and using a 3-D printer. P.O. Box 21064, Dept CQ100
– Until next time, 73 de KØNEB Glendale, CA 91221
Hamshack Hotline #5855 RI.HQ@REACT Intl.org

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 61

 LEARNING CURVE
BY RON OCHU, KOØZ

Resistance is Futile

D
epending on experience and where you “fall” within
the ham radio spectrum, radio amateurs enjoy talking
about antennas, radio shacks (radio room), and junk
boxes. Previously, we’ve explored antennas and — to a less-
er degree — radio shacks. Of course, radio shacks contain
at least one radio. However, soon there are two, three, or
more radios along with coax switches, microphones, tele-
graph keys and assorted other gear that accompany those
radios. If you’re lucky and if you have the room, your shack
will contain a workbench. Somewhere near or on that work-
bench will likely be a junk box.
A ham radio junk box can be as varied as ham radio oper-
ators themselves. Junk boxes contain parts accumulated
over the years that save time, money, and frustration. Back
in the day, discarded TV sets and radios were cannibalized
to supply junk box components. Today, with throwaway elec-
tronics, supplying a junk box is more challenging. Hamfests,
estate sales, and like-minded hams remain as good sources.
Occasionally, online electronic parts websites offer compo-
nent grab bag deals. Junk boxes differ, but most have simi- Photo A. Commonly found resistors that populate a circuit
larities. Electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, board. (Illustrations courtesy of Wikimedia Commons,
coils, transistors, and ICs (integrated circuits) are just a few except as noted)
items found in most junk boxes. This month, let’s drill down
on the ubiquitous resistor (Photo A).
Most likely, you’ve seen social media memes that depict
the “Star Trek: The Next Generation” line associated with
the Borg, “resistance is futile.” It’s a catchy line, but in the
electronic world, resistance is a vital, physical law.
Remember Ohm’s Law? E (voltage) = I (current) x R (resis-
tance). Resistance is an important component of this lin-
ear equation. So, resistance is not futile. Without it, the cir-
cuits we love to communicate with would not even come 1st Band Tolerance
close to functioning.
2nd Band Multiplier
What Does a Resistor Resist?
Great question. Resistors restrict current (amperage) flow in
an electrical circuit. So, what practical purpose can current Figure 1. An example of color-coded bands found on resistors.
flow resistance accomplish? Besides reducing current flow,
resistors divide voltages, provide bias for active devices (tran-
sistors, ICs, etc.), terminate transmission lines, and adjust racy, whereas others are less stringent. Pay attention to resis-
signal levels. A resistor is a passive device. By definition, tor’s tolerance value and don’t place a 10% (silver) banded
passive components cannot amplify, oscillate, or generate resistor in a circuit requiring a 1% tolerance (brown) value.
an electrical signal. You can read even more about our little
passive friend the resistor here: <https://tinyurl.com/
2pjfbv92>. Wow, these little, color-coded components sure-
Color Coding
ly accomplish a lot. Resistor bands are assigned colors. Each color designates
a numerical value between 0-9. Figure 2 is a chart indicating
color coding digit assignments:
Color Bands
Most resistors can be readily identified by their mostly cylin- Black = Zero
drical bodies with color-coded bands (Figure 1). Many resis- Brown = One
tors have four to five color bands. The bands represent dig- Red = Two
its from 0-9. The next to the last band is the multiplier and Orange = Three
the last band indicates tolerance. Tolerance can be thought Yellow = Four
of in terms of accuracy. For example, a 100-ohm resistor with Green = Five
5% tolerance should measure between 95 and 105 ohms. Blue = Six
Some circuits require high-tolerance components for accu- Violet = Seven
Grey = Eight
*Email: <ko0z@cq-amateur-radio.com White = Nine

62 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site


Figure 2. Resistor color code chart.
The last color band on a resistor indi-
cates tolerance. There are four colors:
Brown = 1% tolerance plus or minus
Red = 2% tolerance plus or minus
Gold = 5% tolerance plus or minus
Silver = 10% tolerance plus or minus
A very helpful resistor website is EE
Power <https://tinyurl.com/hhatr9ev>.
It has an interesting mnemonic to assist
with memorizing the color code: Bad
Beer Rots Our Young Guts But Vodka
Goes Well Get Some Now (Black,
Brown, Red, Orange, Yellow, Green,
Blue, Violet, Grey, White, Gold, Silver,
None). Equally valuable is the color-
code value generator <https://tinyurl.
com/yfh8aycy>. So, if we find a resistor
with brown, black, orange, and gold in
our junk box, we are able to identify it
as a 10,000-ohm or 10K resistor with a
plus or minus 5% tolerance.
Heat Considerations
Determining resistor values is impor-
tant, but equally important is heat dissi-
pation consideration. Since resistors
restrict current flow, heat is generated
from the friction within the resistive mate-
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
rial. Failure to adequately dissipate heat
can lead to component failure and inop-
erative circuits (Photos B and C).
Resistors are designed to dissipate heat
which is measured in watts. Resistors
come in various wattage sizes. Photo D
shows commonly found resistor wattage
sizes. Commonly found circuit board
resistors have values between 1/8-watt
and 2 watts, although larger wattage
sizes exist. Unless you’re designing a
circuit, the key takeaway is to replace a
resistor with the same wattage rating as
the original.
Other Considerations
So far, we’ve only looked at common
carbon / ceramic resistors. These resis-
tors have a predetermined value.
However, some circuits requiring vari-
able level control such as volume, sig-
nal level, and voltage control need a
variable resistor, also known as poten-
tiometer, or pot, which can change
value from zero ohms to, let’s say,
10,000 ohms. The variable resistor in
Photo E could serve as a volume con-
trol knob. Variable resistors also come
in various sizes and shapes (Photo F).
A variable resistor uses a wiper to go
Photo B. Too much heat will result in
component failure.
Photo C. A damaged resistor from
arcing.
across a resistive material to arrive at
the required resistance (Figure 3).
Another resistor consideration is lead
length. All resistors have two leads. One
lead at each end can be soldered into
a circuit board. For most ham radio
applications. these leads present no
problems. As a rule of thumb, it’s always
a good idea to keep the lead lengths as
short as possible when soldering.
However, even these shortened lead
lengths pose issues at UHF (ultra-high
frequency) and higher frequencies.
Simply put, they are way too long. At
microwave frequencies, lengthier resis-
tor leads will act like antennas. Con-
sequently, surface-mount resistors with
no leads, other than metallic ends, pop-
ulate circuit boards involving higher fre-
quencies (Photo G).
Surface-mount resistors are very
common, but they have their own
unique identifying codes. Typically,
they have numbers such as 312. The
first two digits “31” indicate value and
the last digit is a multiplier. In this case
2 means 10 to the power of 2 or a mul-
tiplier of 100. So, 31 x 100 equals 3,100
or 3.1K ohms. Another example, 7920
works the same. The first three digits
are the value, in this case “792” and the
“0” is the multiplier. 792 x 100 is 792
ohms (with 100 equaling 1). There is an
excellent SMD (surface-mount device)
identification video online at <https://
tinyurl.com/52rpxyep>.
Schematic Symbols
Schematics (pictorial circuit layout) use
component symbols. Two common
resistor schematic symbols include a
squiggly line (Figure 4) to indicate a resis-
tor and the same squiggly line with an
September 2021 • CQ • 63
 Photo F. Various variable resistors used in circuits.

Photo D. Resistors dissipate heat in the process of restrict-

ing current flow. Also you can see the different resistor
wattage sizes.

Figure 3. Variable resistor illustration.

Photo E. A variable resistor is primarily used in signal level Photo G. Surface-mount resistors have negligible lead
controls such as a volume control. lengths.

64 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

Figure 4. Resistor arrow through it to represent a variable
schematic symbol. resistor (Figure 5). Specialized resistors,
such as a photo resistor have their own
variations on the resistor symbol.
R tor types. Typical resistor types can be
Resistor Types
By now we can more deeply appreciate
a resistor’s value in a circuit. Various
electrical circuits require various resis-
One can never have enough
resistors on hand for junk box
projects.
categorized: Fixed value, variable, car-
bon film, metal film, wire-wound, metal
oxide, and metal strip / chip resistors.
Each one is designed to efficiently resist
current as required in a circuit.

Series and Parallel Circuits

Figure 5. Variable resistor schematic
symbol.
R2
Figure 6. Series resistance diagram
horizonal orientation.
R1
R2
Figure 7. Series resistance diagram
vertical orientation.
Resistors in any given circuit will be
wired either in series or parallel. An
R1 R2 Rn example of series resistance is one
resistor wired to another one and then
to another one. Figures 6, 7, and 8 are
examples of resistors in series. Figures
Figure 9. Three resistors wired in
6 and 7 are identical other than that
parallel.
Figure 6 is horizontal and Figure 7 is
vertical. Sometimes, picture orientation
can be confusing, but the circuit
behaves the same regardless of orien-
tation. Resistors in series (Figure 8) are
added up by getting the sum of each
resistor’s value. For example, a 2,000-
ohm, a 1,000-ohm, and a 10-ohm resis-
tor in series will add up 3,010 ohms total.
Resistors in parallel (Figure 9) will
R1 R2 R3 R4 divide in value. Look at Figure 10. This
is a parallel resistive circuit containing
four resistors: two 10-ohm resistors,
one 20-ohm, and a single 1-ohm resis-
tor. Our formula for parallel resistance
is Rt = 1 over (1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 +
1/R4). Substituting resistive values our
equation is 1 over 1/10 + 1/20 + 1/10 +
1/1. Dividing, we now have 1 over 0.1 +
0.05 + 0.1 + 1. Moving along with our
equation, we are left with 1 over 1.25.
Dividing again, we find our four resis-
R1=10 ohms tors in parallel equal 8 ohms total. If you
find yourself with two identical resistors
R2=20 ohms in parallel, it’s a simple matter of divid-
ing by 2. For example, I need a dummy
R3=30 ohms load (non-radiating antenna) to test my
QRP (low power) transmitter. I can find
R4=40 ohms two 100-ohm resistors, place them in
parallel and I now have a 50-ohm
dummy load antenna.
Figure 10. Determining the total resis- For folks new to resistance, we’ve
tance of four resistors in parallel in this covered a lot of material. For more
example equates to 8 ohms total. experienced experimenters, it’s helpful
(Image by KOØZ) to review from time to time.

Resistance is Not Futile

R1 R2 R3 Star Trek’s “The Borg” claims resis-
tance is futile, but electronically speak-
ing, resistance is essential. When you
are at your next hamfest, start stocking
RT = R1 + R2 + R3 up on bags of loose resistors. One can
never have enough resistors on hand
for junk box projects.
Figure 8. Three resistors in series. Total resistance is determined by adding up – Thank you for reading CQ. 73 from
each resistor’s value. Ron, KOØZ

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 65

 DIGITAL CONNECTION
BY DON ROTOLO,* N2IRZ

The Long and Winding Road to the Network

Build it and They Will Come, But There’s a Catch: You Have to Build it and
Get it to Work

The old saying asks, “How do you eat an elephant?” channel and reported he could hear us both, confirming that
“One bite at a time,” is usually the punchline. The same we did not hear each other. He was a little noisy into my sta-
goes for building a chat network: One byte at a time. <groan tion, understandable considering he was off the side of my
– Ed.> beam, but gangbusters into the other station. Ah, if only we
In my most recent column (July 2021), I wrote about the could recruit him.
chat network, which happens to use packet technology to The next step was to visit Radio Mobile <www.ve2dbe.
link local hams together to form a real-time, always-on, chat com/english1.html> to plot the RF path between us to better
network. Kind of like a 2-meter FM repeater, but in keyboard understand why a 14-mile link that should have been easy
mode. Not a thing for everyone, to be sure, but from my read- didn’t work (Figure 2). Both of us knew that our signals were
er mail, it’s a compellingly popular idea. This month I intend- getting out (that guy 40 miles away confirmed that), but just
ed to write about the process for getting network nodes up not making it to where we wanted. Turns out there are two
and running. But man plans and God laughs, so instead of fairly substantial ridges in the way.
a triumphant piece on how easy it is, I need to show that the Radio Mobile is a free website by Roger Coude, VE2DBE,
road to success is full of potholes. that allows one to plot and calculate a radio path between
Earlier this year, I asked on the TARPN mailing list stations. If you enter the required data accurately, the result-
<https://groups.io/g/tarpn> if anyone in northern Atlanta was ing calculations are also accurate. If you don’t have an
interested in forming a TARPN, and I got a couple of respons- account registered, just ask and wait a short time for your
es. Over a couple of weeks, a few of us tried to see if there
was a simplex path between us. But, as of this moment, we
are simply too far apart and there is some intervening terrain
blocking our contacts. While it’s a start, it’s not as encour-
aging as I had hoped.
Our first task was to set up radios and antennas on 2 meters.
I had an 8-element Yagi in the shed that I dragged up to the
attic and, using Google Maps, aimed at my nearest and most
likely partner. A piece of 9913 coaxial cable, that was already
assembled with UHF connectors on the ends, was run from
the attic through the opening of the pull-down stairs and into
the upstairs bedroom that serves as my home office and ham
shack. Of course, I’d get better coverage hanging the anten-
na from a tree outside (Figure 1), but then I’d have to con-
cern myself with lightning protection, and for something I was
unsure would work, I took the easier direction.
I’ll admit swinging a Yagi in the attic was not easy or fun.
It is long, and the roof support beams don’t leave a lot of
room for maneuvering. Then I had to consider the RF expo-
sure implications of 25 watts into an antenna that could be
just 5 feet from my head. Oh, and avoiding the various wires
and the log-periodic TV antenna that’s up there, not just phys-
ically but electrically. The bottom line is that I needed to
remain aware of who is in the house and where to ensure
compliance, which meant that this setup was necessarily
temporary.
Since the antenna on the other end was an omnidirection-
al gain antenna strung up in a tree, I had to orient the Yagi
to also have vertical polarization. I decided that I could be off
by 10 or 20° in pointing it and not see a substantial impair-
ment of forward gain. Figure 1. Hanging an omnidirectional antenna from a tree.
Alas, our contact on 146.52 MHz was not successful. After stringing some strong synthetic cord over a tall tree
Another ham, some 40 miles north of both of us came on the limb, tie to the antenna using the mast clamp holes (without
the clamp), also tying the coaxial cable about 10 feet below
the antenna as a strain relief and using a loose zip tie to
*c/o CQ magazine ensure the antenna remains vertical. Don’t forget lightning
Email : <N2IRZ@cq-amateur-radio.com> protection!

66 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

Figure 2. A path calculation between my home and a nearby potential partner, created at Radio Mobile. Note that we don’t
have line-of-sight, with at least one major ridge between us. The software calculated a path loss of about 135 dB, which is
about 15 dB more than what would normally be a successful path.

Figure 3. A radio coverage plot for my home on 145 MHz, created at Radio Mobile. The potential partner’s location is near
the left edge of the image, in Kennesaw, where I have almost no coverage.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 67

approval. I got mine several years ago
and, since I use a password system
(Oh, I’ve written about this a few times),
I did not have to wonder what my pass-
word was, I just applied the system and,
unsurprisingly, it still worked.
In this case, we learned that the link
was marginal at best: My transmitter
and antenna accounted for about 54
dBm of gain, and the receiver sensitiv-
ity of -107 dBm means the system gain
is about 161 dB, while the path has
about 135 dB of loss, leaving a fade
margin of about 26 dB, enough to make
a voice contact in theory. But rule of
thumb states that to be successful with
a packet link, the path loss of about 115-
120 dB is what you really want.
Somehow, I need to find 15 dB of gain,
or try something else.
Try as we did over the course of a
week, we never did get it to work. The
lesson learned is that we should forget
going for the distant, super-desirable
link and focus on finding someone clos-
er with whom to set up a link (Figure 3).
Solid links with plenty of fade margin will
always work better than a marginal link.
If both our antennas were up at 60 feet Photo A. Perhaps not the neatest test bench but look carefully and perhaps you
we might have a better chance, but like- can get a sense of the frustration of having tried many, many things without suc-
ly the link would not be full quieting, cess. My XYL says the disorder is why it’s not working; perhaps she has a point.
which is really necessary for packet All this just to make a local packet connection. It wasn’t this hard back in the day,
radio. was it?

68 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 The other folks who responded were
quite a bit farther out, in Alabama, and
even though they had access to a very
nice antenna site, 80+ miles on 2 meters
is pushing it for an FM contact. Again,
distant links might be attractive, but a 3-
mile link is more likely to be successful.
So now our energy is focused on find-
ing other hams in-between who are
interested in trying something new. I
found a packet station about 12 miles
to the east we both could hear, so now
I had to set up a TNC to not only learn
which station it was, but to try digipeat-
ing through it to see if we could use that
site as part of a path. Digging through
the basement totes, I came up with a
PacComm Micropower-2 TNC and all
the cables to connect to my ancient IC-
25H. I also found a Windows 95 laptop
that has a serial RS-232 port that I can
use to talk to the laptop. Oh, and the
user manual ... it seems I’ve forgotten
how to set up and use a genuine TNC.
Go figure.
Powering up the Micropower-2 was a
lesson in disappointment, one of sev-
eral to come. The correct three LEDs lit
up but, sadly, never went out. The TNC
is supposed to flash the STA and CON
LEDs at bootup and then leave just the
PWR indicator on. I tried a spare CPU
and SIO, as well as a different firmware
EPROM I had, but — at the moment —
my prized TNC was not working.
OK, plan B. I went looking and found
my computer-to-TNC interface, con-
nected that and went looking for soft-
ware. This particular interface connects
only to the computer sound card plugs,
no need for serial or USB ports. I
searched for and downloaded software
packages that ran AX.25 using a
Windows 10 computer, tried a couple,
and settled on MultiPSK. I spent quite
some time configuring it and finally got
it working. I connected the interface and
radio and heard the local station’s bea-
con successfully. After a brief celebra-
tion — I’d been at this for a couple days
now — I figured it was time to see if I
can connect to it.
After fiddling an hour with the com-
puter’s sound card settings, I could
hear the transmit audio — it sounded
fine. Unfortunately, the sound card
interface did not want to key my trans-
mitter for still unknown reasons. The
cable from the interface to the radio
uses the standard 5-pin DIN configu-
ration, and I triple-checked the cable.
OK, let’s move to plan C, resurrecting
my even-more-ancient PK-232 multi-
mode data controller.
I knew where the PK-232 was, so I
went and got it, also hunting down the
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
cables and software (PKTERM ’99). I version? No matter, everything seemed
came to realize that Windows 10 wasn’t to go fine, and I unkeyed the transmit-
supported, so I raided my supply of old ter and quit the calibration routine.
laptops, found one that booted to To make a long story short, that was
Windows XP and loaded the software. the last time I could key the transmitter.
I connected the PK-232 and it went I tried connecting to the distant station,
through its boot routine well, and but the transmitter didn’t key up. I veri-
PKTERM found it using its automated fied XMITOK was ON, tried the CAL rou-
routine. Except that the default PK-232 tine again, reset the serial parameters
has serial parameters of 1200 baud, 7 so PAKRATT would talk to it and tried
data bits and even parity (1200 7E1), using the software, got out the multi-
and PKTERM informed me that it would meter and checked voltages and levels,
only talk to the PK-232 if I set the seri- made sure the microphone would still
al parameters to 9600 8N1. Ugh. key up the transmitter, got out my ICOM
All right, I loaded HyperTerminal and, IC-706MKIIG and hooked it up, and per-
using the PK-232 operating manual as haps a half-dozen other things, all with-
my guide, went through all of the steps out success (Photo A).
to get it talking. After a few tries, about Now I have well over a week into this
an hour, it was talking on RS-232. I and I had yet to make a packet con-
played with it a little, setting MYCall and nection. The frustration level is pretty
connecting it to the radio to monitor the high. I’m not quitting, but I’ve given up.
channel. Despite hearing the other sta- And I’d have liked to end this month’s
tion clearly, the MHeard (monitor heard) column by saying the whole time it was
list was empty, but I knew the callsign just the “xxxx” that was the problem ...
from my earlier success. As a test, I tried but I still have no idea what’s wrong.
connecting to myself (C N2IRZ) and my So that’s all I have this month. Sorry
radio responded as expected, keying to end it on a low note.
the transmitter and sending out a con- The big lesson here is that often noth-
nect request, but the signal I heard was ing seems to go right, and not every-
badly distorted. Ok, I just need to set the thing is always easy. Perhaps in two
transmit audio level, easy-peasy. months I’ll have something better to
The PK-232 has a CALibrate routine, report, but at this point I’m so deep in
which lets you key up the transmitter the hole I need to take a break. But rest
and send either of the two AFSK tones assured, I think I’m smarter than a TNC
used in packet. Changing frequencies and won’t give up without a fight.
to an unused channel (and listening to One last thing: On Field Day I heard
be sure) I started the CAL routine and a joke I’d like to share: How is FT8 tak-
keyed the transmitter, setting the trans- ing over the digital world? Slowly.
mit level. The software said to use R167 It’s always nice to hear from readers,
to adjust that, but my PK-232’s AFSK so drop me line. Especially if you have
pot was R155, a typo I suppose, or ideas about that Micropower-2.
maybe my PK-232 was a really early – Until next time, 73 de N2IRZ
WHAT’S NEW
AOR DA1500 Discone Antenna
AOR has announced that the DA1500 discone anten-
na will be added to its lineup of wideband receiving
antennas. The DA1500 is a multi-purpose wideband
antenna that receives the 70-MHz to 1.5-GHz bands
continuously. The DA1500 is built using 13 elements,
which offers an omnidirectional pattern and 2 dBi of
gain (cable loss excluded).
The DA-1500 is only 92 centimeters (36.2 inches)
high and 53 centimeters (approximately 22 inches)
wide and can be attached to any mast that is 25-50 millimeters (1-2 inches) in diame-
ter. To attach the DA1500 to the mast, AOR has supplied 2 V-bolts.
AOR recommends that the DA1500 be used in locations with limited space, such
as balconies. The DA1500 can withstand wind speeds up to 50 meters per second
(112 miles per hour) and weighs 600 grams (1.3 pounds), which includes the body
of the antenna and the support pipe.
Included accessories include 15 meters (approximately 50 feet) of RG-58A/U coax
cable with MP-BNCP connector on the receiving side. For greater compatibility with
a wider range of receivers, a BNCJ to NP adapter is also supplied.
The AOR DA1500 was not yet available as of presstime and there was no retail
price. For more information, visit <www.aorja.com>.
September 2021 • CQ • 69
 VHF PLUS
BY TRENT FLEMING,* N4DTF

1.2 GHz … the “Gateway Drug” to a World of Microwave Action

F
or years, 1.2 GHz or 23 centime- longer-distance communications on Doug is an old hand at weak-signal
ters (cm) as we will call it, has the microwave bands. I also learned work, and his proudest moment is of a
been a forgotten band. However, that mountaintops are great for 2-meter voice contact between Arizona
several popular VHF / UHF radios have microwave communications, and a lot and Washington state, a distance of over
offered this band as an option or as a more. 1,200 miles. As the net controller for the
standard feature. Some of them include
the Kenwood TS-2000, the ICOM 820H
and 910H, the venerable Yaesu 736R,
and more recently the ICOM 9100 and
9700 feature this band. Yet, few hams
know much about it, and even fewer
have made a contact on it.
This month, I want to feature 23 cm
and encourage you to consider expand-
ing your horizons into the gigahertz
range. Before we are through, you’ll find
that this band can serve as the “gate-
way drug” to a whole world of micro-
wave operations.
One of my favorite things about our
hobby is the willingness of most hams
to help other hams. Whether it is exper-
tise, equipment, or just encourage-
ment, most hams are more than willing
to invest in the education of the “next
guy” and take joy in seeing them
progress in the hobby.
Recently, I hosted a Zoom roundtable
with a group of guys who absolutely
embody that spirit of this generosity.
These fellows are from the Arizona VHF
Society, a group dedicated to promot-
ing the VHF+ bands (as you know, an
area near and dear to my heart. –TF).
I ran across Doug Gilliam, K7EME, who
is the net controller for the weekly
SWOT (Sidewinders on Two) net in
Arizona, and has built an impressive fol-
lowing as evidenced by regular check
ins from numerous grids and several
states, which has been previously
reported in this column.
Doug introduced me to Jay Baack,
N1AV, and Tom Whitted, N7GP, both
of whom share his passion for the high-
er frequencies, and we settled into a
rousing discussion of their efforts to get
on the air and help others do the same.
Each has demonstrated expertise in
the microwave bands, ranging from FM
contacts on 23 cm to mountaintop acti-
vations to moonbounce (EME). In fact,
Jay is headed to our 50th state soon for
an EME activation on 23 cm.
I learned that the dry air in Arizona’s
winter provides ample opportunity for
Photos A and B illustrate the Sporadic-E opening that occurred on July 13th and
* <n4dtf@cq-amateur-radio.com> 14th on the 2-meter band. See text for more details. (Courtesy of DXmaps.com)

70 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

SWOT group, he aggressively solicits Getting Started on the Microwaves: available. That means you spend more
some of those hams on the net to intro- First, find a like-minded ham and work time with antennas, feedlines, and oper-
duce them to microwave work when he toward getting your stations configured ating than you do with setting up trans-
senses their interest in all things weak for a band like 23 cm or even higher. If verters or even building equipment (but
signal. Like most of the SWOT groups, activity on the microwaves is high in hey, you want to build a transmitter? Go
Doug’s is a friendly bunch, and if you only your area, you might find easy contacts for it! –TF)
have a vertical to start with (horizontal by just getting on the air. But working For the most part, 903 MHz (33-cm
polarization is preferred for weak-signal with another ham ensures that you will band — we will discuss in detail in
work –TF) they will work to accommo- have someone else to talk to, work out another column –TF) through 3.4 GHz
date you, even switching antennas to issues with, and make progress in find hams using Yagis or “loopers” for
help you make that first contact! Doug learning how to communicate on the weak-signal work. (While most use hor-
also focuses on EME, a mode that is well higher frequencies. izontal polarization, EME modes can
served by digital transmissions, includ- As previously mentioned, 23 cm is require circular polarization on 23 cm
ing FT8 and CW. ideal because equipment is readily –TF). Above 3.4 GHz, dishes are more
Both Jay and Tom are newer to the
microwaves, but full of knowledge and
enthusiasm. Jay is always a cheer-
leader for roving efforts, especially dur-
ing contests. As he points out, roving
efforts to high locales don’t require the
same effort for long cable runs and tall
antennas that base stations might. Tom
roves with microwaves, frequently con-
sulting with Jay about station operation,
and conspiring to make the next roving
adventure even better. Tom is also
ready to help others with the necessary
gear, through advice on construction or
purchases, the loan of a necessary
component, etc.
As previously mentioned, Arizona’s
low humidity in the winter attracts
microwave enthusiasts who are trying
for distance records, even on the very
high bands including 24, 47, and even
76 GHz. In the summer and winter,
there are many hams activating SOTA
(Summits on the Air) peaks, and some
are exploring the higher frequencies
with simple HTs that have 900-MHz or
1.2-GHz capabilities. From a high
mountaintop, they can reach other
hams via repeaters and simplex
because the higher elevations offer
clear lines of sight in all directions.
A Word About Modes: 1.2 GHz can
provide traditional line-of-sight opportu-
nities, and there may even be FM DC12 GO-BOX SERIES
repeaters in your area. Beyond that,
more esoteric modes come into play,
including tropospheric ducting, rain
scatter, “airplane scatter,” meteor scat-
ter, and reflecting signals off mountains.
MITY GO-BOX
You won’t run out of things to try once
9 to 20 Ah LiFePO4 Battery
Were you first licensed
you get started.
A Word About Equipment: Jay has Powerpole Port - DVM - USB Charger 25 years ago and
already mentioned getting on the air at licensed today?
all costs. That’s a sentiment I agree with
wholeheartedly. On his QRZ page, he Then you should join the
states, “all my stuff is 100% functional
and 90% complete.” This is a great
Quarter Century
motto for jumping in and learning. It’s MAX GO-BOX Wireless Association, Inc.
what the hobby is all about. Jay told me, 12 to 50 Ah Bioenno LiFePO4 Battery
Powerpole Port - DVM - USB Charger
To Join or Renew, Visit:
“Don’t waste time making it perfect, just
http://www.qcwa.org/join-renew.php
get started.” CHARGED - READY TO GO \For more information please contact
(866) 747-5277 om@qcwa.org
www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 71
popular, and one dish can handle mul-
tiple bands by simply changing the feed
horn. Feed horns are basically the dri-
ven element of a dish antenna.
If you have the 1.2-GHz band in your
current rig, you will find both Yagi anten-
nas and vertical antennas readily avail-
able. In fact, at least one manufacturer
makes a tri-band vertical featuring 2
meters, 70 cm, and 23 cm, ready to get
you on the air for FM contacts.
Two quick technical notes. First, you
will likely want to invest in adding fre-
quency stability (a frequency reference)
to your rig if you want to use microwave
frequencies. Second, while it is OK to
use any coax you have lying around
(see Jay’s comment about getting on
the air), you will find quickly that losses
at the microwave level are an area of
concern. Buy the best coax you can
afford to ensure as much power as pos-
sible gets to the antenna.
Finally, there are tons of resources on
the internet. The AZ VHF group has a
website, and a Slack page that you can
search for, and my trio of roundtable
experts are all happy to talk with you
directly — find their contact info on their
respective QRZ pages.
Looking Ahead
Here are some of the articles we’re
working on for upcoming issues of CQ:
Emergency Communications Special
in October, including…
• SATERN and Patriot North 2021 –
Lessons Learned
• Decoding Weather Satellites
• DFing Emergency Locator
Beacons
Plus…
• Automatic Antenna Relay for
Lightning Protection
• The VHQ HexBeam – A New
England Survivor!
• The End-Fed Half Wave Revisited
Upcoming Special Issues
October: Emergency
Communications
December: Technology
February: QRP
June: Take it to the Field
Do you have a hobby radio story to
tell? Something for one of our spe-
cials? CQ covers the entire radio
hobby. See our writers’ guidelines
on the CQ website at <http://bit.ly/
2qBFOdU>.
72 • CQ • September 2021
If you have purchased one of the rigs
with the 23-cm band, and someone tells
you that it is a dead band, set out to
prove them wrong. Let’s use all the
bands that our equipment offers. You
might find, or establish, a new group of
hams with similar interests.
On the Bands — A Big
Opening on 2 Meters
Regular contributor Christopher Arthur,
NV4B, provides a play-by-play telling of
a spectacular 2-meter opening on July
13 and 14th from his QTH in EM64:
Just before 1500 UTC on Tuesday (July
13th) morning, I checked the sporadic-
E (Es) MUF on <www.dxmaps.com>
and noticed the MUF exceeding 144
MHz to my southeast. DX Cluster and
PSK Reporter spots indicated that
WB4JWM, WA4LDU, and N3MK were
making 2-meter contacts with stations
in Puerto Rico and the Dominican
Republic. I was unable to get QRV on 2
meters at my QTH (EM64dm) until
around 1545 UTC, but as soon as I
turned the radio on, I began decoding
WP4KJJ (FK68) with a +03 signal on
FT8. Soon, I began to see NP4BM and
WP3DN (also in FK68). I alternated call-
ing NP4BM and WP4KJJ and ended up
being called by both in the same
sequence. I completed [my contact]
with WP4KJJ at 1551 UTC. Then, as
NP4BM continued to call, I decoded a
call from J79WTA (FK95). I partially
completed a QSO with J79WTA, but I
lost him for a moment to QSB, during
which I completed with NP4BM. Within
a few minutes, I was decoding J79WTA
again and received his 73 at 1559 UTC.
The path between us is 2,097 miles
(3,375 kilometers [km]). I decoded
J79WTA a final time at 1600 UTC.
However, the opening continued, with
WP4KJJ and NP4BM staying in for most
of an hour.
At 1707 UTC, I began to decode HI8DL
(FK58) and completed a QSO with him
at 1710 UTC. I only heard HI8DL for
about 5 minutes, so I was glad to be able
to complete a QSO with him during that
time. The last decode of HI8DL was at
1712 UTC, after which no more signals
from the Caribbean were heard.
As if an extremely rare, if not unprece-
dented, double-hop Es opening to the
Caribbean wasn’t enough of a rarity,
Tuesday evening we had two separate
Es paths develop: One to W1 / W2 / VE2
and a very short, high MUF opening to
eastern North Carolina and Virginia.
I began listening again on 2-meter FT8
at 2300 UTC and worked the first dis-
tant station I heard, KA2LIM (FN12), at
2325 UTC. Then, to my astonishment,
I decoded N4PY in FM16, only 644
miles away and 30° farther east than
KA2LIM. The implied the MUF for this
QSO, according to DXMaps, was 192
MHz. As one might expect with such a
high required MUF, QSB was severe,
and the contact took 15 minutes to com-
plete, wrapping up at 2345 UTC. Other
stations worked on this short path were
N3MK (FM27) and K4WMS (FM17). I
also worked many stations in the
Northeast, including W9KXI (FN12),
K2TXB (FN20), NA2NY and NY2NY
(FN30), WZ1V (FN31), VE2PN (FN46),
and N1BUG (FN55). By 0100 UTC, the
openings were over save for a lone
decode of K1TEO at 0107 UTC.
I am admittedly relatively new to the 2-
meter weak signal scene, but the com-
bination of events on July 13-14, 2021
seem to be truly extraordinary in the his-
tory of the band, and I’m thrilled and
thankful to have been a part of it.
Equipment at NV4B consists of an
ICOM IC-9700 (100 watts) into a
Directive Systems DSFO144-12 12-
element Yagi on a 2.5-wavelength (17-
foot) boom at approximately 15-foot ele-
vation on a temporary fiberglass mast.
In closing, Christopher reports that the
J79WTA QSO was confirmed on LoTW
on July 16th, a fitting cap on his report of
amazing 2-meter activity. This opening
gives insight into what FT8 can mean for
2-meter communications and might per-
haps bring more activity to the band.
There was action on the phone portion
of the band also. Ed Maikranz, K5GUN,
supplied the following recap of his activ-
ity from the Mississippi Gulf coast:
On July 14th I made the following con-
tacts: KA2UQW in FN20 at 0023 UTC,
W2KV in FN20 at 0029 UTC, WB2CUT
in FN20 at 0030 UTC, K1HTV in FM18
at 0032 UTC, and K1RZ in FM19 at 0034
UTC. All contacts were on 144.200 MHz.
I am located in EM50, Bay St Louis,
Mississippi. My station is a Kenwood TS-
2000 running 100 watts to an Eggbeater
antenna at 12 feet. Signals were strong
with slight fading. – Ed, KG5UN
CQ Contest
Next month, I promise a more in-depth
treatment of the recent CQWW VHF con-
test. I was active in the contest myself,
and have heard from a few folks about
their experiences. I also read the
3830.com soapbox comments. I’d be
very interested in any feedback from
you, dear reader, about your experi-
ences in the contest: Positive or nega-
tive. Reach me by email or on Facebook.
Visit Our Web Site
 VHF Summits and More
Having Fun with Ham Radio
by Bob Wite, K0NR

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 AWARDS
BY STEVE MOLO,* KI4KWR

The Fred Fish Memorial Award

S
o, you want a challenge for Solar
Cycle 25? Well, I got one for you
no doubt. While updating my own
ARRL awards, I noticed the Fred Fish
Memorial Award and, doing some read-
ing, realized that this is the perfect chal-
lenge for many of us.
The Fred Fish Memorial Award was
created in honor of Fred Fish, W5FF
(SK) (Photo A), who was the first ama-
teur to have worked and confirmed all
488 Maidenhead grid squares in the 48
contiguous United States on 6 meters.
With 6 meters being open lately around
the world, this would be a good chal-
lenge for someone who needs a new
wall decoration … a.k.a. award.
Some history on Fred Fish: He and his
wife, Lee, K5FF, were the first amateurs
to achieve many VHF+ accomplish-
ments over the years. One that caught
my attention was Worked All States
(WAS) on 50 MHz through 432 MHz,
which is amazing. They also took the
time to help fellow amateurs in VHF pur-
suits. A quick lookup shows Lee would
be 98 years old this year and is still liv-
ing in Texas.
Photo A. Fred Fish, W5FF (SK), was the first ham to work all 488 Maidenhead grid
The rules for the Fred Fish Memorial squares in the continental United States and is the namesake of the ARRL award
Awards are listed below (from the ARRL for doing the same. Only 11 others have qualified so far. (Courtesy of ARRL)
website, reproduced by permission):
3. Endorsements. The FFMA does tion, this means parking the vehicle
1. Overview. The Fred Fish Memorial not offer any endorsements based on exactly on the line or corner. For a
Award (FFMA) is awarded for confirm- specific modes, nor does it offer any portable station, this means that the total
ing contact with all 488 Maidenhead grid recognition of progress towards the end area occupied by the station’s physical
squares in the 48 contiguous United goal. An amateur does not qualify for setup, including operating position(s),
States on the 6-meter (50 MHz) band. the FFMA until all 488 required grids are power source(s), and antenna(s), must
Grid locators are designated by a com- confirmed. occupy some portion of each of the two
bination of two letters and two numbers. 4. General Rules / four grid squares simultaneously.
More information on grid locators can (a) No contacts through active re- Operators of boundary / corner stations
be found in January 1983 issue of QST, peaters or satellites are permitted. should be prepared to provide evidence
pp 49-51 (reprint available upon re- (b) Contacts with aeronautical of meeting the simultaneous occupation
quest. Send a 9 × 12-inch SASE with 3 mobiles (in the air) do NOT count. test if called upon to do so. Two pho-
units of postage). The ARRL World Grid (c) Any portion of an FFMA grid may tographs — one showing the placement
Locator Atlas and the ARRL Grid be worked for FFMA credit. It is not nec- of the GPS receiver in the station setup,
Locator for North America are available essary for an FFMA operation to be on and a close-up legibly showing the GPS
from the ARRL Publication Sales U.S. soil; operations from Canadian or reading — are typically needed as evi-
Department. Mexican territory or from water within an dence of compliance. Video footage
The FFMA award is available to all FFMA-required grid are acceptable. showing an overview of the operating
amateurs worldwide; however, ARRL (d) Stations who claim to operate from site and then, uncut and in real time,
membership is required for hams in the more than one grid locator simultane- zooming in on the GPS display coordi-
U.S., its possessions, and Puerto Rico. ously (i.e., from the boundary between nates is even better.
2. Dates. Only those contacts dated two grid locators or from the intersec- (e) Grid boundary lines and grid cor-
January 1, 1983, or later are creditable tion of four grid locators) must be phys- ners must be established using a GPS
for FFMA purposes. ically present in all locators to give mul- receiver whose map datum is set to
tiple locator credit with a single contact. WGS84, the global default for current
*Email: These stations should be prepared to GPS receivers. The GPS receiver
<KI4KWR@cq-amateur-radio.com> validate their claim. For a mobile sta- should be set to use WAAS (Wide Area

74 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

Augmentation System) if so equipped, since this improves
the error figure to as little as 5 feet. In no case may the GPS
receiver show an error figure in excess of 20 feet. Any mod-
ern GPS receiver equipped with WAAS will easily meet this
requirement, as will most older units without WAAS.
(f) Each claimed contact must include contemporaneous
direct initiation by the operator on both sides of the contact.
Initiation of a contact may be either locally or by remote.
5. Applicant’s Operating Location. All contacts applied to
an applicant’s FFMA award must be made by the applicant
from locations no more than 200 kilometers apart.
6. Application Procedure (please follow carefully):
(a) Confirmations (QSLs) and application forms must be
submitted to an approved VHF Awards Manager for certifi-
cation. ARRL Special Service Clubs appoint VHF Awards
Managers whose names are on file at HQ. If you do not know
of an awards manager in your area, HQ will give you the
name of the closest manager. (Also located on the Web at:
<www.arrl.org/awards/vucc>) Foreign VUCC applications
should be checked by the Awards Manager for their IARU
Member Society in their respective country. Do not send Photo B. Craig Thompson, K9CT, is the most recent recipi-
cards to HQ unless asked to do so. ent of the Fred Fish Memorial Award. He completed it in
(b) For the convenience of the Awards Manager in check- 2020. Ten other hams have made all the necessary contacts
ing cards, applicants may indicate in pencil (pencil ONLY) but are awaiting confirmations and/or card-checking.
the grid locator on the address side of the cards that DO NOT (Courtesy of ARRL)
clearly indicate the grid locator. The applicant affirms that he
/ she has accurately determined the proper location from the sorted list of the grids confirmed <https://tinyurl.com/
address information given on the card by signing the affir- 3rwdasys>. Several tools and maps are available via links
mation statement on the application. on the ARRL webpage for the award <www.arrl.org/ffma> to
(c) Cards must be sorted: aid in the success of working all the grids and keeping track
(1) Alphabetically by field of your personal goals.
(2) Numerically from 00 to 99 within that field The FFMA looks like the perfect award for me to chase and
(d) Where it is necessary to mail cards for certification, to take my time doing, since this will be no easy task.
sufficient postage for proper return of all cards and paper-
work, in addition to appropriate fees as noted in #7, must be
included along with a separate self-addressed mailing label.
ARRL accepts no responsibility for cards handled by mail to
and from VHF Awards Managers and will not honor any
claims.
(e) A numbered plaque will be awarded to each person
who qualifies for the FFMA.
7. Fees. There is no fee for the FFMA Award; however,
AlasKit Educational & Scientific Resources
ARRL membership is required for hams in the U.S., its pos-
sessions, and Puerto Rico to apply. We have a large inventory of new
and surplus genuine radio components,
8. Disqualification. from QRP to QRO. If you can’t find it,
(a) Altered / forged confirmations or fraudulent applica- we probably have it!
tions submitted may result in disqualification of the applicant AlasKit has a well-equipped RF design
from FFMA and VUCC participation by action of the ARRL lab. If you have a need for a custom-
Awards Committee. designed RF accessory, we can design
(b) The applicant affirms he / she has abided by all the and produce these in single lot, or
rules of membership in the FFMA program and agrees to be small production quantities. We have
bound by the decisions of the ARRL Awards Committee. a strong relationship with a world-class
PCB manufacturer, as well.
9. Rules Decisions. Decisions of the ARRL Awards
We also produce a wide range of training materials and
Committee regarding interpretation of the rules here printed technical documentation. If you need a technical manual
or later amended shall be final. written in clear, concise English, we can do that too.
10. Operating Ethics. Fair play and good sportsmanship Check out our website for more exciting projects in progress
in operating are required of all FFMA members. at AlasKit Educational and Scientific Resources
Potpourri o' Parts Mystery Box. For a mere $25, AlasKit is
How Much of a Challenge is FFMA? offering nearly a pound (13 oz) of electronics components.
While looking at the daily FFMA confirmed totals as of July We will include at least one rare/hard-to-find radio part, worth
20, 2021, 22 hams have worked all 488 Maidenhead grid the entire price of the box. What have you got to lose? First
Class postage anywhere in the U.S. is included in the price.
squares but only 12 have officially qualified for the Fred Fish
AlasKit Educational and Scientific Resources wishes you
Memorial Award with Craig Thompson, K9CT (Photo B), a grand 2021!
being the most recent awardee (in 2020).
The application process requires two forms to be submit- www.alaskit.net • 907-371-7120
ted, the application <https://tinyurl.com/3w7kcr2x> and a P.O. Box 56325 • North Pole, AK 99705

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 75

 DX
BY BOB SCHENCK, N2OO

Remote DX and DXing

I
n recent years, I often joked about
how my DXpeditioning would change
if I could plop a radio and antenna
down in a rare or semi-rare location —
especially an uninhabited island — and,
through a satellite internet link, run pile-
ups from the comfort of my own home.
Although the thought of doing this at the
time was a bit of a fantasy, I think the
times they are a changing.
There have been remotely accessible
stations around for some time now. I’ll
cover this aspect later in this column. It
is not my intention to take you through
the mechanics or electronics involved
in setting up to do remote DXing. I just
want to present the basic concepts, and
provide some food for the imagination.
What really got my new curiosity
juices running was something that hap-
pened back in 2018 when I was just
starting to operate on FT8. In February
of that year, I came across KH6JF/MM KH6JF/MM QSL. This was an unmanned Wave Glider platform that traveled from
calling CQ on 20-meter FT8. After a Hawaii to Baja California and back with remote ham radio aboard. See text for
number of attempts, I was able to work details.
him. The grid that was being given out
was CK09. A quick check found that grid
to be about halfway between Hawaii
and Baja California. My initial thought
was that I just worked a freighter, or a
CQ DX Field Award Honor Roll
The CQ DX Field Award Honor Roll recognizes those DXers who have submitted proof of confirmation with 175 or more grid
fancy yacht of some sort. After check- fields. Honor Roll lisiting is automatic upon approval of an application for 175 or more grid fields. To remain on the CQ DX Field
ing QRZ.COM I found out that I had just Award Honor Roll, annual updates are required. Updates must be accompanied by an SASE if confirmation is desired. The
fee for endorsement stickers is $1.00 each plus SASE. Please make all checks payable to the Award Manager, Keith Gilbertson.
worked a most unusual “remote” station Mail all updates to Keith Gilbertson, KØKG, 21688 Sandy Beach Lane, Rochert, MN 56578-9604.
called the “HF Voyager” which was part
of a mission to track humpback whales. Mixed
It was heading east from Hawaii to off K2TQC......................288 HA5AGS ...................228 OK1AOV ...................208 HA1ZH ......................190
W1CU .......................267 9A5CY ......................227 F6HMJ ......................206 BA4DW .....................188
the coast of Baja California (Mexico). VE7IG .......................254 K8OOK .....................227 KF8UN ......................205 K2AU ........................187
More info can be found at <http://jupiter- HAØDU.....................253 K9YC ........................227 OM2VL......................205 K8YTO ......................186
OM3JW.....................253 VE3ZZ.......................226 VE7SMP ...................204 WO7R .......................185
foundation.org/humpacs-1/>. It was W6OAT .....................249 KØDEQ.....................221 RW4NH.....................203 N3RC ........................184
essentially a solar-powered waterproof IK1GPG ....................245 WI8A .........................219 K1NU ........................201 K2SHZ ......................182
OK1ADM...................245 HA1AG......................218 HB9AAA....................200 KJ6P .........................180
QRP radio (5 watts) mounted on a float- HA5WA .....................243 JN3SAC ....................214 N5KE ........................200 W6XK........................180
ing platform called a Wave Glider that K8SIX........................240 HA9PP ......................213 W3LL ........................199 W5ODD ....................177
HA1RW.....................239 WA5VGI....................213 NIØC.........................196 NØFW.......................176
uses ocean wave action to propel itself. VE3XN ......................239 IV3GOW ...................211 ON4CAS ...................194 WA9PIE ....................176
More detail on how the Wave Glider I6T.............................230 W4UM.......................210 HB9DDZ ...................193 HB9BOS ...................175
N8PR ........................229 N4MM .......................208 N4NX ........................192 NKØS........................175
works can be found at <https://tinyurl.
com/c24epj4r>. It had a sealed 20- SSB
meter mobile antenna mounted on the
W1CU........................249 KØDEQ .....................198 N4MM........................189 NØFW .......................176
surface. The system included basically W4ABW.....................202 W4UM .......................198 WA5VGI ....................189 DL3DXX ....................175
two parts. One was the floating platform VE7SMP....................201 JN3SAC ....................191 W3LL .........................187
on the water’s surface. The other part
extends below the surface and has mul- CW
tiple wings. I kiddingly called the plat- W1CU .......................253 JN3SAC ....................211 OK1AOV ...................198 N4MM .......................186
HA5WA .....................234 DL3DXX....................210 WA5VGI....................197 OK2PO .....................184
form a surfboard since that is what is DL6KVA ....................233 DL2DXA....................209 NIØC.........................196 N4NX ........................177
resembles. When asked, I say that I KØDEQ.....................214 W4UM.......................200 HB9DZZ....................189 N7WO .......................175
worked an unmanned surfboard in the
Digital
W1CU .......................195 HA5WA .....................177 KØDEQ.....................175
*email: <n2oo@comcast.net>

76 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

T he S h or t wa v e
P ro p a ga t io n
H a n d b o o k - 4t h E di t i on
Your indispensable guide to HF propagation
for the new sunspot cycle!
Fully updated and expanded to include the latest
propagation forecasting tools, as well as our time-tested
“analog” tables for making your own customized
predictions, the 4th edition of The CQ Shortwave
Propagation Handbook is a must-have resource for any
DXer, contester or emergency communicator.
This 8.5 x 11, full-color title explains the many ways in
which radio signals can travel long distances and how
to use this knowledge to maximize your DX success.
Also, includes sections on low-frequency and VHF/UHF
propagation in addition to its main focus on
shortwave (HF) propagation. Finally, it’s all in plain
English with a focus on practical applications, making it
a valuable reference for the ham radio DXer as well as
the ionospheric scientist and anyone in between.
This fourth edition was spearheaded by propagation
authority Carl Luetzelschwab, K9LA, merging his
updates with the earlier work of the previous editions’
authors, Dr. Theodore Cohen, N4XX, George Jacobs,
W3ASK, and Robert Rose, K6GKU (SK).

So don’t miss your opportunity to take full

advantage of Solar Cycle 25 as it brings life
back to our shortwave bands!

Order Your Copy Today! By

208-page Paperback—Only $42.95 Carl Luetzelschwab, K9LA
Book on CD—$32.95 Theodore J. Cohen, N4XX
Buy Both the Paperback and CD—Only $61.95 George Jacobs, W3ASK
Robert B . Rose, K6GKU (SK)
Plus applicable shipping!

CQ Communications, Inc.
Phone: 516-681-2922 http://store.cq-amateur-radio.com
middle of the Pacific Ocean. As a mat- to run a little wild. Here was a way to uti-
ter of fact, on its return voyage I worked lize a similar system in order to safely The WAZ Program
it again, this time from Grid BK89, a lit- activate rare DX locations with minimal SINGLE BAND WAZ
tle closer to Hawaii heading west. It had impact on the environment, and far less
6 Meter
left Hawaii in January and returned in safety concerns for the participants. Of 171.........................................................UT9NA, 25 Zones
April, making some 1,600 QSOs. I course, one might say that 5 watts and 172 .........................................................HP2AT, 25 Zones
believe that the operator was actually in a Hustler vertical wouldn’t cut it. I’d like 173 ...........................................................K9RX, 29 Zones
174.........................................................UT7UV, 27 Zones
California utilizing a satellite link. to refer you to the “Microlight Penguins” 175 .....................................................SP3QDM, 26 Zones
This project really got my imagination operation from Kerguelen in 2005. Their 176 .........................................................YL3HA, 25 Zones

17 Meter Digital
9 ............................................................................JA4FCV
The WPX Program 10 ..............................................................................N1NK

CW 4271 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K1THS
20 Meter CW
4022. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SP7ICE 4272 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KD9ERS
4273. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JK3JXP 666 ..........................................................................HP2AT
4023. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K8JH
4024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JF2QNM 4274 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KIØHA 667 ........................................................................JA2VQF
4275 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JR7ASO
4276 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W6IFN 20 Meter Digital
SSB
4374 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W7UV 32 ..........................................................................JA4FCV
4375 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JH9AUB
4376 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CT1BWU Digital
4377. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K8JH 1550 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W7UV 40 Meter Digital
4378 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KD9ERS 1551 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NE1RD 17 ...........................................................................JI4POR
4379 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JF2QNM 1552 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JHØEYA
1553 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WA5YPD 160 Meter
Mixed 1554 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WA2BOT 677 .......................................................JA2VQF, 30 Zones
4258 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W7UV 1555 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W6UA
4259 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WB8LEM 1556 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JQ6NNK
1557 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N7GAP
160 Meter Updates
4260 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JHØEYA
1558 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KO4CAA 578 ...........................................................K9RX, 36 Zones
4261 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WA2BOT
4262 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ER1BF 1559 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JH9AUB
4263 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N3FWE 1560 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JP1RLN
4264 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W7FED 1561 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9K2BM ALL BAND WAZ
4265 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . N7GAP 1562. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SP7ICE
4266 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KO4CAA 1563 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KE8OTO CW
4267 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KØPG 1564 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K1THS 1149 ........................................................................HP2AT
4268 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KE8LXN 1565. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . K8JH 1150 ........................................................................K1TZQ
4269 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9K2BM 1566 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . KD9ERS 1151 ........................................................................K9ARZ
4270 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GB1OOH
Digital
CW: 400: SP7ICE, K8JH. 650: NE1RD. 750: JF2QNM. 1400: JH9AUB. 2450: W3LL. 254 ............................................................................KB2S
255 ......................................................................WA2BOT
SSB: 350: W2GI, K8JH, KD9ERS. 450: W7UV, JH9AUB. 550: CT1BWU. 650: K4WSW. 1200: JF2QNM. 1350: NE1RD.
256 ........................................................................JH1HRJ
2200: K9UQN. 3450: W3LL.
257.........................................................................IK6FHG
Mixed: 450: WQ9F. 500: JHØEYA, KD7IQL, ER1BF, KO4CAA, WA3RGH. 550: N2YU. 600: N7GAP, N2YU, W5AFY. 650: 258 ........................................................................JA4CZE
K1THS. 700: WB8LEM, 9A3QY, JS1ERB. 750: K4WSW, AJ6X. 800: MØHIH, N6DHZ, KD9ERS. 850: W7UV. 900: WW5XX. 259 ........................................................................JA2VQF
1000: NA5WH, N3DF. 1050: HB9ECS, IK1TTD, I1YDT. 1100: W4DWS. 1200: WA6YOU, 9K2BM, PU4MMZ, AC6BW. 1300: 260 .........................................................................JP3OIK
WR7X. 1650: K6VHF. 1700: K8JH. 1800: WA2BOT. 1850: NE1RD. 1950: AE4WG. 2050: JH9AUB. 2200: HB9EFK. 2350: 261........................................................................JK3NQV
DD9WG. 2700: W2YR. 3400: HB9BIN. 3700: KB1EFS. 4150: W3LL. 4450: HA9PP. 262........................................................................WB5TOI
263 ............................................................................R1AV
Digital: 400: KD7IQL, WQ9F, N2YU. JK3JXP. W7FS. 450: KM4TY, N2YU, KD9ERS. 500: KO4CAA, JH9AUB, N2YU, 264 ..........................................................................K9ARZ
JS1ERB. 550: JHØEYA. 600: I1YDT, 9A3QY, N7GAP, W5AFY. 650: MØHIH, K1THS. 700: NE1RD. 750: KM4VI, AJ6X.
800: K8JH. 850: WW5XX, AC6BW. 900: HB9ECS. 950: K9UQN, N3DF. 1000: NA5WH. 1150: PU4MMZ, 9K2BM, W2YR.
1200: WA6YOU, PU4MMZ. 1400: K6VHF. 1550: W9VOB. 1600: AE4WG. 1700: AA8SW, DD9WG. 1750: WA2BOT. 1950: Mixed
HB9EFK. 2200: K2YYY. 2500: HB9BIN. 2700: KB1EFS. 3000: HA9PP, W3LL. 10056 ........................................................................KB2S
10057 ........................................................................K5XS
160 Meters: W7UV, KD7IQL, WA2BOT, K8JH 10058 ......................................................................HP2AT
80 Meters: WA2BOT, WA2YOU 10059 ...................................................................IW1DQS
60 Meters: W2YR 10060...................................................................IWØGYC
40 Meters: NE1RD, HB9ECS, IK1TTD, WA2BOT, MØHIH, N2YU, N7GAP, K4WSW, KO4CAA, N2TC, JS1ERB, W2YR, 10061.....................................................................IK6FHG
KD9ERS 10062.......................................................................SP5JP
30 Meters: WA2BOT, WA6YOU, KM4TY, JS1ERB, AJ6X
10063 ......................................................................K1ETA
20 Meters: W7UV, NE1RD, HB9ECS, IK1TTD, WA2BOT, 9A3QY, N7GAP, K4WSW, KE8LXN, 9K2BM, JS1ERB, K8JH
10064 .....................................................................JP3OIK
17 Meters: HB9ECS, WA2BOT, MØHIH, JQ6NNK, 9K2BM, AJ6X, W2YR
15 Meters: WA2BOT, K6VHF 10065......................................................................9K2BM
12 Meters: PU4MMZ 10066.....................................................................K4HDW
10 Meters: PU4MMZ 10067....................................................................WB5TOI
6 Meters: K6VHF 10068 ........................................................................R1AV
10069 ......................................................................WØQC
Africa: NE1RD, K8JH 10070 ....................................................................JA4BRS
Asia: NE1RD, IK1TTD, JHØEYA, WA2BOT, MØHIH, 9A3QY, W9VOB, JQ6NNK, N7GAP, JP1RLN, 9K2BM, K8JH, PU4MMZ
Europe: W7UV, NE1RD, WB8LEM, WA2BOT, ER1BF, KM4TY, K4WSW, 9K2BM, CT1BWU, N2YU, SP7ICE, K1THS, SSB
GB1OOH, K8JH 5512 ........................................................................HP2AT
Oceania: JHØEYA, WA2BOT, DD9WG, K8JH
North America: W7UV, NE1RD, WB8LEM, WA5YPD, WA2BOT, MØHIH, W6UA, W7FED, N7GAP, K4WSW, KO4CAA,
KØPG, KE8LXN, 9K2BM, KE8OTO, K1THS, K8JH, KD9ERS Rules and applications for the WAZ program may be ob-
South America: WB8LEM, I1YDT, WA2BOT, W4DWS, K8JH, AC6BW tained by sending a large SAE with two units of postage or
an address label and $1.00 to: WAZ Award Manager, John
60M Bar: W2YR Bergman, KC5LK, 125 Deer Trail, Brandon, MS 39042-
6M Bar: W2YR 9409. The processing fee for all CQ awards is $6.00 for sub-
scribers (please include your most recent CQ mailing label
Complete rules and application forms may be obtained by sending a business-size, self-addressed, stamped enve-
or a copy) and $12.00 for nonsubscribers. Please make all
lope (foreign stations send extra postage for airmail) to "CQ WPX Awards," P.O. Box 355, New Carlisle, OH 45344
USA. Note: WPX will now accept prefixes/calls which have been confirmed by eQSL.cc. and the ARRL Logbook of checks payable to John Bergman. Applicants sending QSL
The World (LoTW). cards to a CQ checkpoint or the Award Manager must
include return postage. KC5LK may also be reached via e-
*Please Note: The price of the 160, 30, 17, 12, 6, and Digital bars for the Award of Excellence are $6.50 each. mail: <kc5lk@cq-amateur-radio.com>.

78 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

goal was to bring a small package of I am aware of at least one project cre- require regular return visits. But being
100-watt radios and vertical antennas, ating larger “packages” that can be set able to keep the operators mostly off the
thus putting the onus on the DXer sit- up remotely, most likely on an unin- island would help with costs and safety
ting at home to work harder listening habited island DXCC entity, but operat- concerns.
and ultimately work them. As I recall, it ed from a nearby boat. These packages My only experience operating remote
was a huge success. I worked them on include the radio, an amplifier, appro- has been using Remote Desktop from
80, 40, and 20 meters. Now there is a priate antennas and a generator or my iPad to run FT8 on my laptop in the
difference between 5 watts and 100 other power source. I do not know the next room. It is VERY cool to be watch-
watts. I understand that. But I am think- specifics of this project yet, but it has ing TV with my XYL and operating ham
ing about a longer-term project where been tested and it works. I guess the radio in the next room all at the same
gear is left behind, and operated only drawback is that a human pres- time. But the next level of remote ham
remotely, perhaps from a nearby boat, ence would still be needed to set up the radio is just another world to me. I have
or over a satellite link to New Jersey? package (or packages) on the island, given it a lot of thought lately. A couple
For DXCC purposes, the only require- and probably to refuel or repair anything years ago, I entered a 160-meter con-
ment is that the station is transmitting that gets out of whack, which would test from the SJDXA club station which
and receiving from the entity. The oper-
ator can be anywhere as long as the
radios and antennas are actually on the 5 Band WAZ
entity. There are many stations doing As of July 15, 2021 Callsign Zones Zones
this today albeit in more routine loca- 2313 stations have attained at least the 150 Zone level, Needed
and JH1EEB 198 2, 33
tions. HH2AA is one that is on fre- 1082 stations have attained the 200 Zone level. KØDEQ 198 22, 26
quently, but operated via “Remote Ham K1BD 198 23, 26
As of July 15, 2021 K2EP 198 23, 24
Radio.” I have never operated a regu- The top contenders for 5 Band WAZ (Zones needed on 80 K2TK 198 23, 24
lar remote station, but the concept is a or other if indicated):
CHANGES shown in BOLD
K3JGJ 198 24, 26
K3LR 198 22, 23
pretty simple. K4JLD 198 18, 24
Callsign Zones Zones K9MM 198 22, 26
Needed KI1G 198 24, 23 on 10M
AK8A 199 17 KZ2I 198 24, 26
The CQ DX Field Award Program DM5EE 199 1 N4GG 198 18, 24
EA5RM 199 1 N6PF 198 18, & 23 on 10M
Endorsements – CW EA7GF 199 1 NXØI 198 18, 23
HB9DDZ .......................................................................189 H44MS 199 34 ON4CAS 198 1,19
HAØHW 199 1 OZ4VW 198 1, 2
HA5AGS 199 1 UA4LY 198 6 & 2 on 10M
Endorsements – Mixed I5REA 199 31
AE4WZ .........................................................................193 UN5J 198 2, 7
IKØXBX 199 19 on 10M US7MM 198 2, 6
IK1AOD 199 1
The basic award fee for subscribers to CQ is $6. For non- VK3GA 198 12 & 13 on 10M
IK8BQE 199 31
subscribers, it is $12. In order to qualify for the reduced sub- W5CWQ 198 17, 18
IZ3ZNR 199 1
scriber rate, please enclose your latest CQ mailing label W6RW 198 2 & 22 on 10M
JA1CMD 199 2
with your application. Endorsement stickers are $1.00 each JA5IU 199 2 W9RN 198 26, 19 on 40M
JA7XBG 199 2 WC5N 198 22, 26
plus SASE. Updates not involving the issuance of a sticker
JH7CFX 199 2 WL7E 198 34, 37
are free. All updates and correspondence must include an
JI4POR 199 2 Z31RQ 198 1, & 2 on 10M
SASE. Rules and application forms for the CQ DX Awards
JK1AJX 199 2 on 10M ZL2AL 198 36, 37
may be found on the <www.cq-amateur-radio. com> web-
site, or may be obtained by sending a business-size, self- JK1BSM 199 2
JK1EXO 199 2 The following have qualified for the basic 5 Band WAZ
addressed, stamped envelope to CQ DX Awards Manager,
K1LI 199 24 Award:
Keith Gilbertson, KØKG, 21688 Sandy Beach Lane,
K4HB 199 26 Callsign 5BWAZ # Date # Zones
Rochert, MN 56578-9604 USA. Please make all checks
K5TR 199 22 WA2BOT 2308 2021-06-19 171
payable to the award manager. K7UR 199 34
IK2GOQ 2309 2021-06-20 150
K9KU 199 22 on 15M
HP2AT 2310 2021-06-23 172
KZ4V 199 26
JA7JAA 2311 2021-06-26 177
CQ DX Awards Program N3UN
N4NX
199
199
18
26 W4VIC 2312 2021-06-28 200
N4WW 199 26 IK2DUW 2313 2021-07-07 173
New Award – CW
K9VKY ........................................................................1886 N4XR 199 27
N8AA 199 23 Updates to the 5BWAZ list of stations:
N8DX 199 23 Callsign 5BWAZ # Date # Zones
Endorsements – CW N8TR 199 23 on 10M
UT4ZX 1798 2021-06-16 200
K9VKY ..........................................................................331 RA6AX 199 6 on 10M
W4JS 2277 2021-02-19 185
RU3DX 199 6
RWØLT 199 2 on 40M JI4POR 1472 2021-07-07 199
The basic award fee for subscribers to CQ is $6. For non- N6PF 1877 2021-07-12 198
subscribers, it is $12. In order to qualify for the reduced sub- RX4HZ 199 13
scriber rate, please enclose your latest CQ mailing label with RZ3EC 199 1 on 40M
S58Q 199 31 New recipients of 5 Band WAZ with all 200 Zones con-
your application. Endorsement stickers are $1.00 each plus
SM7BIP 199 31 firmed:
SASE. Updates not involving the issuance of a sticker are VO1FB 199 19
free. All updates and correspondence must include an W1FJ 199 24 5BWAZ # Callsign Date All 200 #
SASE. Rules and application forms for the CQ DX Awards W1FZ 199 26 1798 UT4ZX 2021-06-16 1084
may be found on the <www.cq-amateur-radio.com> website, W3LL 199 18 on 10M 2312 W4VIC 2021-06-27 1085
or may be obtained by sending a business-size, self- W3NO 199 26
addressed, stamped envelope to CQ DX Awards Manager, W4LI 199 26 Rules and applications for the WAZ program may be obtained
Please make checks payable to the Award Manager, Keith W6DN 199 17 by sending a large SAE with two units of postage or an address
Gilbertson. Mail all updates to Keith Gilbertson, KØKG, W6RKC 199 21 label and $1.00 to: WAZ Award Manager, John Bergman,
21688 Sandy Beach Lane, Rochert, MN 56578-9604 USA. W6TMD 199 34 KC5LK, 125 Deer Trail, Brandon, MS 39042-9409. The pro-
We recognize 341 active countries. Please make all checks W9OO 199 18 on 10M cessing fee for the 5BWAZ award is $10.00 for subscribers
payable to the award manager. Photocopies of documenta- W9XY 199 22 (please include your most recent CQ mailing label or a copy)
tion issued by recognized national Amateur Radio associa- 9A5I 198 1, 16 and $15.00 for nonsubscribers. An endorsement fee of $2.00
tions that sponsor international awards may be acceptable EA5BCX 198 27, 39 for subscribers and $5.00 for nonsubscribers is charged for
for CQ DX award credit in lieu of having QSL cards checked. F5NBU 198 19, 31 each additional 10 zones confirmed. Please make all checks
Documentation must list (itemize) countries that have been F6DAY 198 2 on 10M & 15M payable to John Bergman. Applicants sending QSL cards to a
credited to an applicant. Screen printouts from eQSL.cc that G3KDG 198 1, 12 CQ checkpoint or the Award Manager must include return
list countries confirmed through their system are also accept- G3KMQ 198 1, 27 postage. KC5LK may also be reached via e-mail: <kc5lk@cq-
able. Screen printouts listing countries credited to an appli- HB9FMN 198 1 on 80M & 10M amateur-radio.com>.
cant through an electronic logging system offered by a I1EIS 198 1 & 19 on 10M
national Amateur Radio organization also may be accept- JA1DM 198 2, 40 *Please note: Cost of the 5 Band WAZ Plaque is $100 shipped
JA3GN 198 2 on 80M & 40M within the U.S.; $120 all foreign (sent airmail).
able. Contact the CQ DX Award Manager for
JA7MSQ 198 2 on 80M & 10M
specific details.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 79

has a very formidable setup. This is the same station used
by W2GD in the 160 CW contests and N2CW in the CQWW
160 SSB contest. This particular one was the Spring Stew
160 contest. Although I did win U.S. and had more QSOs
than anybody else, I lost “overall score” by a “remotely oper-
ated” station. Something about that just didn’t feel right to me.
But after some serious thought, I remembered why I am more
of a DXer than a contester. Don’t ask.
Finally, I’d like to talk a bit about Remote Ham Radio (RHR)
<www.remotehamradio.com>. This is a “pay as you go” ser-
vice founded by Ray Higgins, W2RE, and Lee Limber,
WW2DX, in 2012. Currently, RHR has 25 stations available
under three different plans. The stations available remotely
vary from the simple 100 watts and a wire to elaborate stacked
monobanders and kilowatts. The RemoteDX plan is $99/year
plus airtime. The PremiumDX plan is $999.00 per year plus
airtime. Airtime can be as low as $0.09/minute for the more
modest stations to $0.99/minute for the extravagant mega
stations. Rates can be viewed on their website. Operate sta-
tions with just your web browser — no hardware or software
is required. Or, if you prefer a real radio, use a Flex Maestro.
You can even use your iPhone / iPad when you are on the

The WPX Honor Roll

The WPX Honor Roll is based on the current confirmed prefixes which are submitted by separate application in strict conformance with the CQ
Master Prefix list. Scores are based on the current prefix total, regardless of an operator’s all-time count. Honor Roll must be updated annually
by addition to, or confirmation of, present total. If no up-date, files will be made inactive.

MIXED
9272.........9A2AA 4934 .........W9OO 3130......SV1EDY 2420.....WA6KHK 1972 .......K3CWF 1480 .........K4JKB 1219 ........K6HRT 1036........DL5KW 803 ........JP1KHY
8188...........K2VV 4757.........I2MQP 3099...........N6FX 2400 ..........N7ZO 1955 ...........NIØC 1462 ........AC7JM 1217 ........AB1QB 1032......DG5LAC 758 ...........N4JJS
7922.........9A2NA 4681 ......JH8BOE 3077 ...........K1PL 2394...........AE5B 1828 ...........K7LV 1462 .......DL4CW 1204 .........VA2IG 1023.......N4WQH 757............WB3D
7889 .........W1CU 4673 ..........NN1N 3039 ...........NXØI 2391 .........WO7R 1825 ........N5KAE 1447...........K3XA 1201 ..........K9BO 1016..........W9QL 736 ........JA3MAT
7059..........EA2IA 4574 ......JN3SAC 3028 .......IK2DZN 2391......IZØFUW 1824 ..........WF7T 1437 ........KC1UX 1167 ......WA9PIE 1012 .......NØVVV 718.........KE4PLT
6577...........KF2O 4517 .........IK2ILH 2987..........W6XK 2356 ............NE6I 1821.........PY5FB 1422 ........I2VGW 1153 ........N3CAL 1010 ........VE3RZ 711.............AG1T
5715 ........S53EO 4462...........K1BV 2987 .........AG4W 2225 ......JH1APK 1746........K6UXO 1408...........NH6T 1148 ......SP8HKT 1007 ........AA4QE 695 .......W8WDW
5677 .....ON4CAS 4342 ....WB2YQH 2968........AB1OC 2203 ............KI1U 1719........N6PEQ 1398 ......ES4RLH 1137......YO5BRZ 1006 ......NØRQV 682 ..............AI8P
5645 .......KØDEQ 4298 ........VE3XN 2963 ..........N3RC 2176 .........V51YJ 1711 ...........NS3L 1361.........VA3VF 1136 ..........KO9V 1000 ......WB6IZG 675 ............AB1Q
5539 ..........N4NO 4241..........N6QQ 2697 ..........AK7O 2174 ..........N6PM 1667...........AD3Y 1333 ...........AF4T 1116 .......YU7FW 999.............N3DF 674...........N5JED
5482 ........VE1YX 4206 ..........N1RR 2651..........HK3W 2159......VA7CRZ 1643 .......SV1DPI 1322 ........AA4FU 1112 .........N6MM 995........PU2GTA 661 .............AL4Y
5453 ........YU1AB 4201........YO9HP 2642...........AA8R 2133..........KØKG 1616 ...........TA1L 1301 ....KB9OWD 1107........PY2MC 969 ...........4F3BZ 641 ............N2YU
5401 ........N8BJQ 4113...........W3LL 2635..........W2YR 2113........W2FKF 1612 .......W1FNB 1301...........K1DX 1100 ....WA3GOS 966 ...........W6WF 633..........TI5LUA
5387 .........W9OP 3978.....WD9DZV 2616 ........9A2GA 2056..........NKØS 1590.......JF1LMB 1301 .........KM5VI 1109 ......KE8FMJ 919 ........ON7MIC 621 .........K4HDW
5299 ...........N6JV 3789........K9UQN 2589 .......DG7RO 2040...........K4HB 1570 ........PY5VC 1299.......JA6JYM 1084 ......KG4JSZ 889 ...........WU1U 616 .........AC6BW
5215..........I5RFD 3665 ...........AB1J 2583......PA2TMS 2016..........N2WK 1568 .........N3AIU 1295 ...........NIØC 1074 .........WU9D 866 .............K2KJ 605 .........IW2FLB
5186 .....ON4APU 3538 ..........9A4W 2550 ..........K6ND 2005......JH1QKG 1524 ....NH6T/W4 1280..........WF1H 1069........IZ4MJP 857.............R1AV
4944 ......WA5VGI 3459............W9IL 2457 ..........K5UR 1995 .......JR3UIC 1484........FG4NO 1260 ......UR6LEY 1058 ........N6DBF 835 ..........K6RAH

SSB
7045 ........OZ5EV 3174 ..........I3ZSX 2568.....SM6DHU 2102 ...........NXØI 1622...........K5CX 1222 ........YF1AR 1031 .......IK8OZP 808 ........UR6LEY 690............W6PN
6334.........9A2NA 3172........YO9HP 2532............W9IL 2094...........I8LEL 1620..........W2YR 1187 ........IZ1JLG 1022 .........NW3H 802 ............N6OU 684 ............KO9V
6145...........K2VV 3141 ......DL8AAV 2483 .........AG4W 2093.........W2WC 1611 .........W2ME 1183 ............KI1U 1012 ........KU4BP 801.............K3XA 675 ..........F1MQJ
5404 ........VE1YX 3114 ........N8BJQ 2451......EA3GHZ 2084 ..........K5UR 1587...........N3XX 1150 .....VE6BMX 1004...........K4HB 766 ..........I2VGW 655...........VA3VF
5149...........KF2O 3108..........I4CSP 2443 ......JN3SAC 2076 ...........K2XF 1550 .......IK2RPE 1146 ..........SQ7B 1004 .......WA5UA 763 ...........K4JKB 647 ..........YB8NT
4916..........EA2IA 3097 ......WA5VGI 2335 ..........KG1E 2048......W4QNW 1442 .......DG7RO 1136 .......K3CWF 978 ..........EA7HY 758........IV3GOW 640 ..........UA9YF
4410.........I2MQP 3067..........N6QQ 2327 ...........K1PL 2008.....WD9DZV 1389..........NKØS 1112...........NH6T 957............W9QL 724............WF1H 637..........K5WAF
3990 .......KØDEQ 3062 ..........N1RR 2326 ........CX6BZ 1955 ........EA3NP 1386..........HK3W 1098 ..........K4CN 934 ..........PY5VC 724 ............W3TZ 630............W6US
3681 ..........N4NO 2990 ........KF7RU 2209.......IK2QPR 1935......SV1EOS 1386 .......IK4HPU 1096 ......JA7HYS 931 ..........YB1AR 717 .........KØDAN 624 ..........K6KZM
3622 ...........I8KCI 2984 .........KI7AO 2201 ..........NQ3A 1884.....WA6KHK 1373 ........N5KAE 1093 .........N6MM 929 .............NS3L 717 ..........N3JON 606 ..........KJ4BIX
3585 .....SV3AQR 2946 .........PT7ZT 2200...........N6FX 1879..........K3IXD 1371.........VE6BF 1089 ........IZ8FFA 919........KA5EYH 714.........YB2TJV 604 .........GØBPK
3505 ..........NN1N 2903 ........IN3QCI 2198........AB1OC 1848...........AB5C 1338 ............NE6I 1089 .......IT9ABN 893.........W9RPM 713 ........JH1APK 600 ...........WU1U
3456 .........W9OO 2857.........4X6DK 2155........K9UQN 1825 ..........KQ8D 1334......EA3EQT 1057..........W6XK 889 ...........N3AIU 710 ........WA9PIE 600.......WA3PZO
3388...........W3LL 2650 .......IK2DZN 2131 ..........N3RC 1812 ..........K6ND 1262 ...........K7LV 1042 ......IZØBNR 875..........K7SAM 700 ..........N4FNB
3348......CT1AHU 2595.........EA1JG 2122...........AE5B 1646 .....VE7SMP 1258 ..........N1KC 1032......DG5LAC 854 ..........K6HRT 700 .........JA1PLL
3274 .....YU7BCD 2582......PA2TMS 2113........W2FKF 1641 ........AE9DX 1248........N6PEQ 1031 ..........K4CN 833 .......DK8MCT 694 .......KG4HUF

CW
7406.....WA2HZR 4145 ......WA5VGI 3012.....WD9DZV 2357 .........W9HR 1708 ...........NIØC 1421 .....KN1CBR 968 .........K3CWF 783 ..........YB1AR 620..........AF5DM
7200...........K2VV 4076..........I7PXV 2948.......IK3GER 2291...........N3XX 1691 ............KI1U 1389........IT9ELD 962 .............K7LV 763 ..........N5KAE 615........JH6JMM
6024.........9A2NA 3974 ......JN3SAC 2943..........N6QQ 2212...........AC5K 1620 .......DG7RO 1342 .....VE6BMX 955..........N6PEQ 752 ..........K6HRT 608.........W9RPM
5392..........EA2IA 3804 .........W9OO 2915 ...........KA7T 2150 ...........NXØI 1595.........PY5FB 1235 ......JH1APK 944..........AB1OC 743 ........JA5NSR 600 ............NY4G
5261...........KF2O 3675 ..........NN1N 2811........OZ5UR 2022 ........AF5CC 1547..........W2YR 1220 ........AA4FU 908.............NH6T 738 ......NH6T/W4 600 .........IK2SGV
5160 ..........N4NO 3515 ..........N1RR 2667............W9IL 1998 ..........K5UR 1505 ...........K1PL 1210 .......DL4CW 897............HK3W 732 ............SQ7B
5209 ...........N6JV 3504 .....YU7BCD 2548 .......EA2CIN 1973 ..........N3RC 1505 ............R3IS 1196 .........N3AIU 891 .......DK8MCT 727.........JF1LMB
4905...........W8IQ 3357........K9UQN 2531.........I2MQP 1905.....WA6KHK 1498..........W6XK 1098........LU5OM 890 .............NS3L 722 ........WA9PIE
4687........IZ3ETU 3279.........IØNNY 2490...........N6FX 1832...........N4YB 1483 ........VE1YX 1062...........K3XA 889 ...........N3AIU 720 ............K4CN
4673 ........N8BJQ 3214.....SM6DHU 2479...........W3LL 1762 ..........K6ND 1480..........WO3Z 1036........DL5KW 864........YO5BRZ 652 .........IK2DZN
4659 .......KØDEQ 3041........YO9HP 2477.........VE6BF 1744 ............NE6I 1458 .........AG4W 1027...........AE5B 848 ..........PY5VC 636............NKØS
4570 ...........I3FIY 3031 .....EA7AAW 2424.........W2WC 1727........K6UXO 1443.....WA2VQV 992 ...........F5PBL 821........HB9DAX 629........IV3GOW

DIGITAL

2996...........W3LL 2217........YO9HP 1695 ...........NXØI 1227 ......ES4RLH 1091.........VA3VF 983........PU2GTA 855.............R1AV 713 ........JP1KHY 611 ............KO9V
2886 ........N8BJQ 2139 ......WA5VGI 1643 ..........N3RC 1218 .......W1FNB 1089 ........AC7JM 966 .............NS3L 812 ........UR6LEY 681 ..........PY5VC 600 ..........ADØFL
2690...........KF2O 2103 ........K2YYY 1500 ......JH1APK 1189.......JF1LMB 1060 ...........AF4T 947 ..........I2VGW 811............WF1H 680 .............K2KJ
2570.....WD9DZV 2004 ..........N6PM 1426........AB1OC 1187..........W2YR 1051 ......KH6SAT 923..........K9UQN 810 ..........N3CAL 672 ..........K9AAN
2558...........NT2A 1836 .........AG4W 1378 .......K3CWF 1149............W9IL 1047 ......RW4WZ 917 .............K7LV 800 ......WA3GOS 670........IV3GOW
2496..........W6XK 1818 .........W1EQ 1353 ...........K1PL 1137 ..........N1RR 1021 ..........NN1N 881 ..............NE6I 783 ..........YB1AR 668........KA5EYH
2428 .......KØDEQ 1790 ......JN3SAC 1345 ........KC1UX 1112 ........AB1QB 1009 ....GUØSUP 870 ........WB6IZG 758 ...........N4JJS 654 ........JA3MAT
2251..........EA2IA 1759 ..........N7ZO 1308..........NKØS 1108 ......KE8FMJ 1002.......NØRQV 866 ............SQ7B 750 ........ON7MIC 640 ......WA9ONY
2242..........HK3W 1704 .......IK2DZN 1250W2/JR1AQN 1093 ............KI1U 992.............N3DF 858 ...........WU9D 750 ......NH6T/W4 636.........W9RPM

REMOTE OPERATION
CW MIXED SSB DIGITAL
7277 ........K9QVB 4026 ..........N1RR 2953 ..........N1RR 671 ............N1RR
3292 ..........N1RR

80 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

go. The universal web console works
wherever you are. Best of all, it can be
used on a PC, Mac, iPhone / iPad or
even Linux devices like Chromebooks.
The idea to “rent time” to work DX from
a mega station is controversial when
applied to awards. I was brought up to
take the challenge of working DX (espe-
cially for appropriate awards) from my
own station and my own operating
skills. As I get older, I realize that it is
getting more and more difficult to main-
tain my antenna farm even though mine
is fairly mundane (3-element SteppIR at
54 feet on a tiltover tower; low bands
utilizing “wires in trees”). But I have
many friends who are no longer able to
maintain a beam on a tower, etc., due
to home downsizing, lack of finances,
or just plain getting older (or a combi-
nation thereof). Many have moved into
an HOA type of home. I have ALWAYS
been on the side of “chase DX on your
own set of rules” as long as they are
allowed by the DXCC rules. It reminds
me of the folks who would say that
QSOs made on nets should not count
for DXCC. Well, although I haven’t
worked DX on a net in ages, I worked
several good ones on the old W7PHO
Family Hour net back in the 1970s when
I was running 100 watts and a TA33.
There are many other examples. But
what I am saying about “remote ham
radio” regardless of how you do it, it is
completely up to you and your own per-
sonal ethics. Based on this, I whole-
heartedly endorse remote operating if
you can do it. Chasing DX is all about
the fun of it. Just remember, however
you chase DX, be humble, honest and
respectable.
Finally, there are many methods for
remotely operating your own station
aside from using remote desktop. I have
not researched this aspect of remoting
your own station. However, I have seen
a demonstration at the W4DXCC a few
years ago that utilized an Elecraft K0 that
was linked to the ham’s home station
over an internet connection. It sounded
just like we were really in front of a radio
making QSOs. But his home station was
perhaps 100 miles away. All handled via
the internet and the appropriate inter-
face. If any of you would like to write an
article on how to remote your home sta-
tion for your own personal use with a
specific DXer angle, drop me an email.
I hope many of you enjoyed the extra-
ordinary Sporadic-E season on 6 meters
this summer! I worked my very first JA
and managed to work my 100th DXCC
and 49 states (come on, Alaska!).
– See ya’ in the pileups!
De N2OO

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 81

 CONTESTING
BY TIM SHOPPA,* N3QE

Mapping 2020 ARRL Sweepstakes Activity

Plus, Getting in Practice for WRTC-23 and a Mini-DXpedition to Bimini

T
wo U.S. qualifiers for WRTC-23 tried contesting this antennas on the beach. Juan was optimistic about finding
summer from southern Europe. Rich DiDonna, tall trees based on Google Streetmap views, but he told me,
NN3W, and Jon Kimball, KL2A, traveled to the Adriatic “hurricanes must’ve taken down the tallest beachside trees
to operate contest station 4O3A for the 24-hour IARU HF in the past few years.”
contest in July. Juan was active in the July NAQP RTTY contest from their
“This was an effort to get some needed perspective”, Jon beachfront accommodations on three bands (Photo D).
tells me. Both Rich and Jon qualified for the World Radiosport C6AZM was activated by Juan using delta loops supported
Team Championship to be held in Italy in 2023, and used their from low trees on the 40- and 20-meter bands, and a Buddipole
trip and contest operation as an opportunity to build up expe-
rience with summer HF propagation in southern Europe. Photo
A shows Jon and Rich with their hosts, Ranco Boca, 4O3A;
Marko Tomasevic, 4O9TTT; and Dragisa Boca, 4O9ITT.
Jon tells me of the 4O3A team’s effort to modernize con-
testing technology. You can see the payoff in Photo B, where
Rich operates the station from an air-conditioned office
space. Jon tells me “Ranco’s ideas are coming to life and
[there are] many more ideas coming that will certainly shake
things up.”
Rich’s first comment was related to the large density of sta-
tions in that part of Europe: “In southern Europe, the pile of
Zone 28 stations is incredibly dense.” IARU Zone 28 spans
much of central Europe, and in the IARU HF contest, work-
ing stations in your zone results in only a single point. (IARU
zones are different from CQ zones – ed.)
I asked him how easy it was to work the various IARU
national society headquarters stations, each worth a multi-
plier per band in the contest. Rich told me, “In Europe, sta-
tions like DARC, REF, UBA, RSGB, URE, MRASZ, ARI,
OVSV, etc. are all over the place. Many of the HQs are in
the Balkans and working them on 10 meters and 15 meters
is somewhat of a challenge — you either have to be ultra
loud, have an E-skip opening, or get them when they’re not
busy (which isn’t often).”
When I’m contesting and trying to work Europe, I often lose
in the pileups to Asiatic Russian stations. Rich learned that
“the UA9s and UAØs were present but not as much as I was
expecting. What was strange was working HS and VU with
the beam headed at 90° and not having to struggle to work
them.”
And finally, thinking forward to the single-tower setup used
in the WRTC competitions, Rich tells me “Difficult decisions
have to be made if you are a single-tower station: Point the
antennas northeast for Asia/UA9 land, or 320° to work west-
ern Europe and U.S. beyond.”

A New NAQP Record

A mini DXpedition to Bimini Island set a new North American
QSO Party RTTY record for C6 (Bahamas). Photo C shows
four U.S. hams on aptly-named Radio Beach on Bimini Island
in the Bahamas. Juan Lopez, AC6ZM; Steve Linley, WA8Y;
and Rich and Linda Visman, NN2T and KN4KJC, took a boat Photo A. U.S. contesters practice for WRTC-23 at 4O3A.
from Fort Lauderdale for the one-week trip. They used a vari- From left to right: Marko, 4O9TTT; Ranko, 4O3A; Jon, KL2A;
ety of portable wire antennas hung from trees and vertical Rich, NN3W; and Dragisa, 4O9ITT. In the background are
Boka Korska Bay and in the distance, Obosnik Hill and con-
email: <n3qe@cq-amateur-radio.com> test station 4O3A.

82 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

Photo B. Rich, NN3W, comfortably operating 4O3A during
the 2021 IARU HF contest.

on 15 meters. Juan told me he, “got a couple of good runs

because everyone is low power.” With a claimed score of
24,204 points (308 QSOs and 78 multipliers), Juan’s effort
seems destined to set a new record for C6 in the NAQP RTTY.
Steve used the call C6AYW and was on for a Wednesday Photo D. Juan, AC6ZM, activating the Bahamas for 2021
CWOps session, and Rich used the call C6AHB. Between July NAQP RTTY.

Photo C. Juan, AC6ZM/C6AZM; Rich NN2T/C6AHB; Linda, KN4KJC; and Steve, WA8Y/C6AYW, on Radio Beach, Bimini
Island, in the Bahamas.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 83

contest and DX operations of the three calls, the team made
over 5,600 QSOs.
Mapping Sweepstakes Participation
ARRL public log grid square data makes it easy to look at the
geographic distribution of participants in ARRL contests. In
my February 2020 CQ Contesting column, I did a deep dive
into the 2-digit check number (based on year first licensed)
exchanged by hams in the ARRL Sweepstakes contests. As
we get ready for the 2021 Sweepstakes contests in
November, I investigated the geographic distribution of those
who submitted logs for the 2020 Sweepstakes.
Every contester submitting an ARRL contest log for the
past several years has been required to include their six-
character grid square through the web submission form.
The collection of grid square data for each log began as a
detailed check for club competition circle limits. But it’s
proven to also be a valuable resource for examining the
geographic distribution of ham activity during the ARRL con-
tests. Grid squares let us look at the different resolutions of
field (two capital letters), square (two digits), and subsquare
(two lower-case letters).
At the 2-character field level of resolution, the highest num-
ber of submissions (723) came from the upper Midwest EN

Calendar of Events
All year CQ DX Marathon http://bit.ly/vEKMWD
Sept. 1 VHF-UHF FT8 Activity Contest www.ft8activity.eu/index.php/en
Sept. 1 UKEICC 80m Contests SSB https://bit.ly/2SDPqQQ
Sept. 1-3 G3ZQS Memorial Straight Key Contest www.fistsna.org/operating.html
Sept. 2 NRAU 10m Activity Contest https://bit.ly/3hU68Ie
Sept. 4 AGCW Straight Key Party https://bit.ly/3ngQSpB
Sept. 4 Russian “Radio” RTTY WW Contest https://bit.ly/3eWEtDl
Sept. 4-5 All Asian DX Phone Contest www.jarl.org/English/0-2.htm
Sept. 4-5 Colorado QSO Party http://ppraa.org/coqp
Sept. 4-5 IARC Region 1 Field Day http://bit.ly/3cC0HKf
Sept. 4-5 RSGB SSB Field Day http://bit.ly/2OKdymu
Sept. 4-5 PODXS 070 Club Jay Hudak Memorial 80M Sprint http://bit.ly/2MkaaNt
Sept. 4-5 Tennessee QSO Party https://tnqp.org/rules/
Sept. 6 RSGB Autumn Series SSB https://bit.ly/3p4eShW
Sept. 6-7 MI QRP Labor Day CW Sprint www.miqrp.net/contest
Sept. 8 VHF-UHF FT8 Activity Contest www.ft8activity.eu/index.php/en/
Sept. 11 FOC QSO Party www.g4foc.org/qsoparty
Sept. 11 OSPOTA Contest http://ospota.org
Sept. 11-12 Alabama QSO Party www.alabamaqsoparty.org
Sept. 11-12 SARL Field Day http://bit.ly/H0IqQf
Sept. 11-12 Russian Cup Digital Contest www.qrz.ru/contest/detail/86.html
Sept. 11-12 Veron SLP Contest http://bit.ly/2L9eT1L
Sept. 11-12 Worked All Europe SSB Contest https://bit.ly/36ubggF
Sept. 11-12 YB7-DX Contest https://yb7dxc.com/rule
Sept. 11-13 ARRL September VHF QSO Party www.arrl.org/september-vhf
Sept. 12 North American CW Sprint http://ncjweb.com/Sprint-Rules.pdf
Sept. 15 RSGB Autumn Series CW https://bit.ly/3p4eShW
Sept. 16 Bavarian Contest Club QSO Party https://bit.ly/2MDzviG
Sept. 17 AGB NEMIGA Contest https://bit.ly/2AWBbRK
Sept. 18 Feld Hell Sprint http://bit.ly/2JcbOwW
Sept. 18 Wisconsin Parks on the Air http://wipota.com/files/WIPOTA_contest_rules.pdf
Sept. 18-19 ARRL 10 GHz and UP Contest www.arrl.org/10-ghz-up
Sept. 18-19 Collegiate QSO Party https://collegiateqsoparty.com
Sept. 18-19 Iowa QSO Party www.w0yl.com/IAQP
Sept. 18-19 New Hampshire QSO Party www.w1wqm.org/nhqso
Sept. 18-19 New Jersey QSO Party http://bit.ly/1nDlf8V
Sept. 18-19 QRP Afield http://bit.ly/2QACxFu
Sept. 18-19 SARL VHF/UHF Digital Contest http://bit.ly/H0IqQf
Sept. 18-19 Scandinavian CW Activity Contest www.sactest.net/blog
Sept. 18-19 Texas QSO Party http://txqp.net/
Sept. 18-19 Washington State Salmon Run http://salmonrun.wwdxc.org/rules
Sept. 19 BARTG Sprint PSK63 http://bartg.org.uk/wp/contests
Sept. 19 North American RTTY Sprint http://ncjweb.com/Sprint-Rules.pdf
Sept. 20 144 MHz Fall Sprint http://svhfs.org/wp
Sept. 23 RSGB Autumn Series Data https://bit.ly/3p4eShW
Sept. 25 AGCW UHF/VHF Contest https://bit.ly/3lw91PK
Sept.25 Masonic Lodges on the Air http://cqmorelight.com/rules
Sept. 25-26 CQWW RTTY DX Contest www.cqwwrtty.com
Sept. 25-26 Maine QSO Party www.ws1sm.com/MEQP.html
Sept. 26 UBA ON 6M Phone/CW Contest https://bit.ly/3kKYKzj
Sept. 27 RSGB FT4 Contest Series http://bit.ly/3mCNXXH
Sept. 28 222 MHz Fall Sprint http://svhfs.org/wp
Sept. 29 UKEICC 80m Contests CW https://bit.ly/2SDPqQQ

84 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

field. Close behind at 690 submissions, was the EM field, cov-
ering a broad swath of the southern Midwest and southeast.
At the 4-character square level, the densest concentration
of sweepstakes entries was in FM19, with 137 entries sub-
mitted by hams in that square, which includes northern
Maryland, southern Pennsylvania, and parts of northern
Virginia and extreme eastern West Virginia. Nearby grids
FM18 (the rest of Maryland and Northern Virginia) and FN20
(Eastern Pennsylvania and large parts of New York and New
Jersey) were almost as common.
At highest level of mapping precision, the 6-character sub-
square level, the densest activity in Sweepstakes happened
from the West Coast in Silicon Valley. Western Mountain
View and Los Altos Hills in grid CM87xh had 6 logs submit-
ted, as did CM87wj, in nearby Cupertino. Also having 6 logs
submitted was subsquare FN31hw in rural northwestern
Connecticut.
In Figure 1, I drew semiopaque dots in red (SSB) and green
(CW) at the position of each Sweepstakes entry’s grid square
on a map of North America. In the densest areas of activity,
the dots layer on top of each other to form a dark dense band.
Like satellite pictures of the U.S. taken at night (see
<https://tinyurl.com/2t38hyhw>), the eye easily sees the
densest population centers in ham activity.

Oct. 2-3 California QSO Party www.cqp.org/Rules.html

Oct. 2-3 Oceania Phone DX Contest www.oceaniadxcontest.com
Oct. 2-3 Russian WW Digital Contest http://bit.ly/2MF8xoC
Oct. 2-3 SKCC QSO Party http://bit.ly/2Xl2vyx
Oct. 2-3 TRC DX Contest https://trcdx.org/rules-trc-dx
Oct. 3 German Telegraphy Contest https://bit.ly/3xzuPjw
Oct. 3 Peanut Power QRP Sprint www.nogaqrp.org
Oct. 3 RSGB DX Contest https://bit.ly/2UAapsc
Oct 3 UBA ON 80M SSB Contest https://bit.ly/3kKYKzj
Oct. 4 RSGB Autumn Series CW https://bit.ly/3p4eShW
Oct. 6 432 MHz Fall Sprint http://svhfs.org/wp
Oct. 6 UKEICC 80m Contest SSB https://bit.ly/2SDPqQQ
Oct. 6 VHF-UHF FT8 Activity www.ft8activity.eu/index.php/en
Oct. 7 SARL 80m QSO Party http://bit.ly/H0IqQf
Oct. 8-10 Nevada QSO Party http://nvqso.com/contest-rules
Oct. 8-10 YLRL DX/NA YL Anniversary Contest https://ylrl.org/wp/dx-na-yl-contest
Oct. 9 QRP ARCI Fall QSO Party www.qrparci.org/contests
Oct. 9 Microwave Fall Sprint http://svhfs.org/wp
Oct. 9-10 Arizona QSO Party www.azqsoparty.org
Oct. 10 10-10 Intl. 10-10 Day Sprint http://bit.ly/1FrFeBc
Oct 10 UBA ON 80M CW Contest https://bit.ly/3kKYKzj
Oct.9-10 Cosack’s Honor VHF/UHF Contest http://cshonor-vhf.ho.ua/eng1.html
Oct. 9-10 Makrothen RTTY Contest http://bit.ly/2uZd6oF
Oct. 9-10 Oceania CW DX Contest www.oceaniadxcontest.com
Oct. 9-10 Pennsylvania QSO Party http://paqso.org
Oct. 9-10 PODSX 070 Club 160M Great Pumpkin Sprint http://bit.ly/2RUkcE6
Oct. 9-10 Scandinavian SSB Activity Contest www.sactest.net/blog
Oct. 9-10 South Dakota QSO Party https://sdqsoparty.com
Oct. 9-10 Veron SLP Contest http://bit.ly/2L9eT1L
Oct. 13 RSGB Autumn Series Data https://bit.ly/3p4eShW
Oct. 13 VHF-UHF FT8 Activity www.ft8activity.eu/index.php/en
Oct. 16 Feld Hell Spooky Sprint https://bit.ly/3g8gpxD
Oct. 16-17 10-10 Intl. Fall CW Contest http://bit.ly/1FrFeBc
Oct. 16-17 Araucaria World Wide VHF Contest www.avhfc.com/rules/en.pdf
Oct. 16-17 New York QSO Party www.nyqp.org
Oct.16-17 JARTS WW RTTY Contest http://jarts.jp/rules2021.html
Oct. 16-17 Worked All Germany Contest http://bit.ly/2uDQRSV
Oct. 17 Asia-Pacific CW Sprint http://jsfc.org/apsprint
Oct. 17 RSGB RoLo CW Contest https://bit.ly/3xJDZtO
Oct 17 UBA ON 2M Phone/CW Contest https://bit.ly/3kKYKzj
Oct. 17 Illinois QSO Party https://w9awe.org/ilqp
Oct. 18 RSGB FT4 Contest Series http://bit.ly/3mCNXXH
Oct. 18-22 ARRL School Club Roundup http://bit.ly/MaLmBs
Oct. 20 AGCW Semi-Automatic Key Evening http://bit.ly/2WB74qy
Oct. 23-24 ARRL EME Contest www.arrl.org/eme-contest
Oct. 23-24 North American SSB Sprint Contest https://ssbsprint.com/rules
Oct. 23-24 Stew Perry Topband Distance Challenge www.kkn.net/stew/stew_rules.html
Oct. 23-24 UK/EI DX Contest www.ukeicc.com/dx-contest-rules.php
Oct. 24-25 Telephone Pioneers QSO Party http://tpqso.tparca.org
Oct.24-25 Fall Classic Exchange CW www.classicexchange.org
Oct. 26-27 Fall Classic Exchange CW www.classicexchange.org
Oct. 27 UKEICC 80m Contest CW https://bit.ly/2SDPqQQ
Oct. 28 RSGB Autumn Series SSB https://bit.ly/3p4eShW
Oct. 30-31 Veron SLP Contest http://bit.ly/2L9eT1L
Oct. 30-31 CQWW DX SSB Contest www.cqww.com/index.htm
Nov. 27-28 CQWW DX CW Contest www.cqww.com/index.htm

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 85

 More than a third of the 3,467 entries every Sweepstakes section. Beginning <https://tinyurl.com/437vyzhu> to learn
made in the two modes of the 2020 in spring 2020, tile grid maps and geo- more about the virtues of the hexagon
Sweepstakes came from the densely- graphic chloropleth maps have been tile grid.
packed Atlantic seaboard states occu- prominent in newspapers and on web- I started with the 50-state hexagon tile
pying less than 5% of the printed area sites, used to track public health data. grid and expanded it to cover all 84
of Figure 1. Large swaths of northern Back in 2015, National Public Radio ARRL and RAC sections, used as
Canada occupy more than half of Figure developed its own distinctive take on dis- exchange and/or multipliers in four
1 and only show a handful of QSOs. playing geographic data, a hexagon tile ARRL contests: The two modes of
Let’s move on to an alternative, not so grid of the 50 U.S. states, that I found to Sweepstakes, the 160-Meter Contest,
strictly to-scale, method of visualizing have excellent use of screen space yet and Field Day. Figure 2 shows the result
geographic participation in ARRL still be readable and show (at least when I analyze the sections logged in
Sweepstakes, the hex tile map. roughly) the geographic positions of the the 2020 Sweepstakes public logs,
Hex tile maps allow easy visibility of states. Please see the NPR website at summed over both modes, and color in
each section’s hexagonal tile based on
the color scale shown at the bottom. The
least-worked section, NT (including the
Canadian territories of Yukon, North-
west Territories, and Nunavut), shows
up in bright red on this color scale, as
only 368 stations logged QSOs with NT.
Alaska, Northern New York, the Virgin
Islands, Newfoundland, Prince Edward
Island, and Ontario North, each with
less than 3,300 QSOs recorded, show
up in orange. As sections become more
commonly worked, the color scale
passes through yellow and into yellow-
ish-green. The MDC section (including
both Maryland and the District of
Columbia) had 52,869 QSOs reported
and shows in the brightest green.
Figure 1. Mapping 2020 ARRL Sweepstakes using geographic location from sub- The smallest-population sections are
mitted gridsquare. Semiopaque red dots represent each SSB entry, and green the Virgin Islands, Northwest Terri-
dots represent CW entries. Where activity is highest, the individual dots merge tories, and Prince Edward Island, with
to show a dark band. 100,000 to 160,000 residents. The high-
est population sections are Ohio,
Illinois, and South Texas, with 11 to 16
million residents. This wide variation
(more than two orders of magnitude) in
section population led me to normalize
the QSO points by section population,
resulting in the hex tile map of Figure 3.
In the color scale used here, the sec-
tions with fewer than one QSO report-
ed per thousand residents show as a
deep brownish orange. Sections with 2-
4 QSOs per thousand are colored in
shades of pink, and sections with more
than 4 QSOs per thousand residents
are filled in with increasingly vibrant
shades of blue.
I had expected that MDC and VA
would appear high on the QSO per capi-
ta scale, because of heavy promotion
of the ARRL Sweepstakes in my own
contest club, the Potomac Valley Radio
Club. It turns out that neither MDC nor
VA are in the top six by this per-capita
activity measure. Topping this scale is
the Virgin Islands, at 27 QSOs per thou-
sand residents. Also high up on the
scale, with 7.8 or more QSOs per thou-
Figure 2. Hex tile grid of ARRL Sweepstakes Sections. Each tile’s color repre- sand residents, are South Dakota, New
sents total number of QSOs logged with that section across both 2020 CW and Hampshire, Prince Edward Island,
SSB contests according to the scale at the bottom. The rarest sections are red, Vermont, and Oklahoma.
the most common are green, and orangish / yellowish shades are in between. The ARRL section boundaries were

86 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

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Orders/Quotes 1-800-926-9HAM
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Figure 3. Hex tile grid of ARRL Sweepstakes Sections. Each tile’s color repre-
sents per capita QSOs logged with each section across both 2020 CW and SSB
contests. For this color scale, the lowest per capita QSO counts are in orange, HamTestOnline™ƐƚƵĚĞŶƚƐĂƌĞ
and the highest are deep blue. ϱϬƟŵĞƐŵŽƌĞůŝŬĞůLJƚŽŐŝǀĞƵƐ
ϱƐƚĂƌƐƚŚĂŶƌĞƋƵĞƐƚĂƌĞĨƵŶĚ
ďĞĐĂƵƐĞƚŚĞLJĨĂŝůĞĚĂŶĞdžĂŵ͊
never chosen with contesting intentions — the sections originally were intended H+DPQHWUHYLHZV
to be facilitate regional management of radio traffic, and the recent RAC section ϵϬϱ
changes were made to specifically accommodate emergency coordination. As RXWRIVWDUV
you work hundreds or thousands of hams in the ARRL Sweepstakes contests this
VWDU ϴϴϯ
fall, use these maps to plan your efforts, and as an incentive to learn more about
the geography and population distribution of hams across the U.S. and Canada. VWDU ϭϴ
VWDU Ϯ
VWDU ϭ
September and October Contest Highlights VWDU ϭ
Labor Day weekend starts with 12 hours of Morse code activity split across three
ĞƐƚƐƚƵĚLJŵĞƚŚŽĚ͕ƐƚƵĚLJŵĂƚĞƌŝĂůƐ͕ĐƵƐƚŽŵĞƌ
4-hour sessions in the CWops CW OPEN Competition. The first session begins ƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ͕ĂŶĚŐƵĂƌĂŶƚĞĞŝŶƚŚĞŝŶĚƵƐƚƌLJ͊
at 0000z September 4th (Friday night in North America). Open a new log for each www.hamtestonline.com
session and remember that each station may be worked once per band in each
session. Find more at the CWOps website: <https://tinyurl.com/44ppan89>.
If you prefer phone contesting, the 48-hour Worked All Europe SSB contest is
September 11th and 12th this year. WAE Contest manager Peter John, DL7YS,
asked me to remind all contesters about two rule changes for 2021. First, the intro-
duction of BY numerical call areas as multipliers for European stations recognizes
the growing participation by Chinese stations. And second, there is an absolute
prohibition on WAE contest activity (both run and search-and-pounce) outside the
IARU Region 1 contest preferred segments. Find full details at <https://tinyurl.
com/3udpce72>.
Four frenzied hours of phone activity takes place Saturday evening, October
23rd, in the North American SSB Sprint Contest. The required QSY (frequency
change) after each run contact keeps all operators busy spinning the VFO knob
as they hand their frequency to the next contact. Some European operators have
been regularly joining in on the action as well. Start time is 0000z October 24th,
and full rules and operating hints are at <https://ssbsprint.com>.
The 35th running of the world’s largest RTTY contest is the last weekend in
September. The 48-hour CQ World Wide RTTY DX Contest, like most RTTY
contests, awards points (well, just one point) for working stations in your own
country as well. U.S. and Canadian stations send their state or province which
counts as a third multiplier, in addition to their CQ zone. Full details are at
<https://cqwwrtty.com>.

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 87

 PROPAGATION
BY TOMAS HOOD,* NW7US

Autumn is a Time of Change

Quick Look at Current Cycle 25 Conditions: ONE YEAR AGO:

(Data rounded to nearest whole number) (Data rounded to nearest whole number)

Sunspots: Sunspots:
Observed Monthly, June 2021: 24 Observed Monthly, June 2020: 6
12-month smoothed, December 2020: 15 12-month smoothed, December 2019: 2

10.7-cm Flux: 10.7-cm Flux:

Observed Monthly, June 2021: 80 Observed Monthly, June 2020: 70
12-month smoothed, December 2020: 76 12-month smoothed, December 2019: 71

O
nce again, it is time for some of the best long-range meter bands for an hour or so before sunrise and just before
DX openings of the year. With autumn right around sunset.
the corner, the season for radical improvement in
radio propagation conditions is beginning. This is the time to Autumn is Aurora Season
ensure that you finish any antenna project, double-check As we have explored in past editions of this column, the Earth
your feedlines and your grounding system. The DX hunting has a magnetic field with a north and a south pole that is
season is opening this month. enclosed within a region surrounding the Earth called the
In late September, the Sun will be directly over the equa- magnetosphere. As the Earth rotates, its hot core generates
tor. In 2021, the September Equinox (Autumnal Equinox in strong electric currents that produce the magnetic field, which
the Northern Hemisphere and Vernal / Spring Equinox in the reaches 36,000 miles into space.
Southern Hemisphere) is on Wednesday, September 22nd The magnetosphere prevents most of the particles from the
at 19:21 UTC. Sun, carried on the solar wind, from impacting the Earth. The
Because the Earth is positioned such that the Sun is direct- solar wind distorts the shape of the magnetosphere by com-
ly over the equator during the equinox, the hours of daylight
are about the same in both hemispheres (Figure 1). This
results in an ionosphere of almost similar characteristics over LAST-MINUTE FORECAST
large areas of the world, making it the best time of the year Day-to-Day Conditions Expected for September 2021
for DX openings between the temperate regions of the north-
ern and southern hemispheres on all shortwave bands. Expected Signal Quality
Propagation Index (4) (3) (2) (1)
Expect an improvement of propagation on the higher fre- Above Normal: A A B C
quencies (20 through 10 meters) with more frequent short- 1-13, 15-17, 19-30
High Normal: A B C C-D
path openings from mid-September through mid-October 18
between North America and South America, the South Low Normal: B C-B C-D D-E
14
Pacific, South Asia, and southern Africa. The strongest open- Below Normal: C C-D D-E E
ings will occur for a few hours after sunrise and during the n/a
Disturbed: C-D D E E
sunset hours. Not only is this change noticed and enjoyed n/a
by the amateur radio DXer, but many international shortwave Whherre expected signal qua
aliity is:
broadcast stations change from their summer schedules to A--Excellent opening, exceptionally strong, steady signals greater than S9
B--Good opening, moderately strong signals varying between S6 and S9, with little fading or
their winter schedules. noise.
Long-path openings also improve during the equinoctial C--Fair opening, signals between moderately strong and weak, varying between S3 and S6,
with some fading and noise.
periods. A variety of paths are opening on 30 and 20 meters. D--Poor opening, with weak signals varying between S1 and S3, with considerable fading and
noise.
From North America, expect a path from southern Asia E--No opening expected.
around sunset, daily morning openings from southern Asia
and the Middle East, expanding to Africa. Also look for long- HOW TO USE THIS FORECAST
1. Using the Propagation Charts appearing in “The CQ Shortwave Propagation Handbook,
path signals from the Indian Ocean region over the North 4th Edition,” by Carl Luetzelschwab, George Jacobs, Theodore J. Cohen, and R. B. Rose,
Pole. Afternoons will fill with South Pacific long-path sig- a. Find the Propagation Index associated with the particular path opening from the
Propagation Charts.
nals, and then extend to Russia and Europe. Look for pos- b. With the Propagation Index, use the above table to find the expected signal quality asso-
sible long-path openings on the 30-, 40-, 60-, and 75/80- ciated with the path opening for any given day of the month. For example, an opening shown
in the Propagation Charts with a Propagation Index of 2 will be poor to nil on September 1st,
fair on September 2nd, and good on September 3rd, and so forth.
2. Alternatively, you may use the Last-Minute Forecast as a general guide to space weath-
er and geomagnetic conditions throughout the month. When conditions are Above Normal, for
* P.O. Box 110 example, the geomagnetic field should be quiet, and space weather should be mild. On the
Fayetteville, OH 45118 other hand, days marked as Disturbed will be riddled with geomagnetic storms. Propagation
Email: <nw7us@nw7us.us> of radio signals in the HF spectrum will be affected by these geomagnetic conditions. In gen-
eral, when conditions are High Normal to Above Normal, signals will be more reliable on a given
@NW7US (https://Twitter.com/NW7US) path, when the ionosphere supports the path that is in consideration. This chart is updated daily
@hfradiospacewx (https://Twitter.com/HFRadioSpaceWX) at <http://SunSpotWatch.com> provided by NW7US.

88 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

pressing it at the front and causing a long tail (known as the
magnetotail) to form on the side away from the Sun.
The speed of the solar wind fluctuates. During this year,
we’re seeing a range of solar wind speeds of between 300
kilometers per second (km/s) to around 800 km/s on aver-
age. When the solar wind picks up speed, and when the mag-
netic field lines that are stretched out on the solar wind pass
the Earth, geomagnetic storms may be triggered. For radio
signals, this could be a good thing, or a bad thing, depend-
ing on the frequency and radio path.
In simple terms, for shortwave radio signals, geomagnetic
storms cause the ionosphere to lose its ability to refract radio
signals. However, during these storms, aurora could occur,
which can become an exciting opportunity for VHF (and in
the upper portion of HF) weak-signal propagation off the high-
ly energized E-region of the ionosphere.
While aurora events are generally visible close to the poles,
severe magnetic storms impacting the Earth’s magnetic field
can shift them towards the equator. Figure 2 shows a strik-
ing aurora image taken during a geomagnetic storm that was
most likely caused by a coronal mass ejection from the Sun
on May 24, 2010. The International Space Station (ISS) was
located over the Southern Indian Ocean at an altitude of 350
kilometers (220 miles), with the astronaut observer most like-
ly looking toward Antarctica (not visible) and the South Pole.
Auroras happen when ions in the solar wind collide with
atoms of oxygen and nitrogen in the upper atmosphere. The
atoms are excited by these collisions, and they typically emit
light as they return to their original energy level. The light cre-
ates the aurora that we see. The most observed color of auro-
Illumination of Earth by Sun on the day of equinox (vernal and autumnal). (Courtesy of Wiki Commons)
www.cq-amateur-radio.com
rae is green, caused by light emitted by excited oxygen atoms
at wavelengths centered at 0.558 micrometers, or millionths
of a meter (visible light is reflected from healthy green plant
leaves at approximately the same wavelength). Red aurorae
are generated by light emitted at a longer wavelength (0.630
micrometers), and other colors such as blue and purple are
also sometimes observed.
Low sunspot counts combined with coronal hole activity or
coronal mass ejections (Figure 3) often contribute to days of
poor propagation on the high frequencies (30 MHz and
below). When the solar wind speed is high (over 650 km/s),
there is a release of solar plasma on that wind stream, and
the orientation of that wind stream is aligned to combine with
the magnetosphere, the geomagnetic field will open to the
incoming plasma and aurora occurs. That is when VHF
comes alive for the exotic aurora-mode propagation.
During September, we’ll see many days when aurora will
occur, so be ready for interesting VHF propagation well beyond
line-of-sight propagation. When the planetary K-index (Kp) is
higher than 5, there is a good chance of aurora.
September High Frequency (HF) Propagation
With the 10.7-cm radio flux levels expected to be around 90
during September, propagation on 10-20 meters will support
some F-region propagation on paths mostly near the equa-
tor. Additionally, some short-range E-region propagation may
still occur. On these higher bands, conditions may be mar-
ginal during the month, but these bands are certainly com-
ing alive as Sunspot Cycle 25 picks up. There will be less
September 2021 • CQ • 89
 rise through early morning, then again in
the early evening before sunset, until
around midnight.
After the Autumnal Equinox, expect
ever-improving nighttime DX conditions
on 40, 60, and 75/80 meters into October.
This is due to the gradual increase in the
hours of darkness and a seasonal
decrease in the static level. Forty meters
should be best for worldwide DX from
sunset to sunrise. For exotic regional sig-
nals, check 60 through 80 meters during
the hours of darkness, especially for an
hour or so before local sunrise.

Medium Frequency (MF)

Propagation
The seasonal change in the Northern
Hemisphere includes the decrease in
electrical storms. This helps propaga-
tion on the 160-meter band.
However, with the possible increase in
Figure 2. Among the views of Earth afforded astronauts aboard the International
geomagnetic activity this month, there is
Space Station (ISS), surely one of the most spectacular is of the aurora. These
a chance for occasional weak to moder-
ever-shifting displays of colored ribbons, curtains, rays, and spots are most visi-
ate geomagnetic disturbances that can
ble near the north (aurora borealis) and south (aurora australis) poles as charged
attenuate MF DX over northern latitudes.
particles (ions) streaming from the Sun (the solar wind) interact with Earth’s mag-
This can be a blessing for those trying to
netic field.
DX tropical AM broadcast stations and
The aurora has a sinuous ribbon shape that separates into discrete spots near
mid-latitude medium- and low-power
the lower right corner of the image. While the dominant coloration of the aurora
stations, since the interference from
is green, there are faint suggestions of red left of image center. Dense cloud cover
strong stations on signal paths crossing
is dimly visible below the aurora. The curvature of the Earth’s horizon (the limb)
the higher latitudes is reduced. Signals
is clearly visible, as is the faint blue line of the upper atmosphere directly above
below 120 meters will improve after this
it (at image top center). Several stars appear as bright pinpoints against the black-
month as the hours of darkness in-
ness of space at image top right. (Courtesy of NASA)
crease, and because of the decline of
noise-producing weather. Seasonal sta-
tic, which makes it difficult to hear the
polar propagation as we move toward should be possible well into the early
weak DX signals, is decreasing little by
winter, though, making some parts of the evening, particularly when propagation
little as we move away from the
world difficult to hear over these paths. conditions are High Normal or better.
Autumnal Equinox. Stretch out those
To catch the openings over high lati- The 20-meter band competes with 15
Beverage antennas and start looking for
tudes, get on these bands shortly after and 17 meters for the best daytime DX
signals along nighttime paths.
sunrise, or watch for polar signals as band this month. Look for 20 to open for
they close for the evening. DX at sunrise and remain open from all
For the shortwave radio DXer, pay directions for a few hours. It should be VHF Conditions
attention to 16 meters, a band used by possible to hear many areas of the world The Sporadic-E (Es) season we expe-
many international broadcasters. This throughout the daylight hours, with a rienced earlier in the year is pretty much
band may be the most reliable higher peak in the afternoon. Nighttime condi- over. There will be a few openings late
band, usually supplying day-path prop- tions will favor openings from the south this year, but this is not the month typi-
agation even over the polar paths. and tropical areas, but some openings cally associated with Es.
Conversely, the radio amateur DXer will also be possible from other areas. Troposcatter is a real possibility, how-
should pay attention to both the 15- and Look for polar gray-line propagation from ever. Look for signals on paths cross-
17-meter bands. A considerable im- Asia. Long-path is common on 20 from ing through stalled high-pressure zones
provement is expected, with bands southern Asia, the Middle East, and in the Midwest, or along cool, wet air
opening shortly after sunrise and northeastern Africa as well as the Indian masses.
remaining open until after sundown. Ocean region via the North Polar path. Additionally, toward the end of Sep-
However, these bands likely will not stay The 30-meter band is an all-season tember, transequatorial (TE) propaga-
open late into the night like during the band. Expect an incredible amount of tion will begin to occur between south-
spring season. activity on this band. Many broadcasters ern North America and northern South
On these mid-HF bands, openings choose the 31-meter band for the same America. Openings will generally occur
should be possible from all areas of the reason, targeting their audiences during in the late afternoon to early evening. F-
world, with conditions best from Europe prime times (morning and early region propagation activity may occur
and the northeast before noon, and from evenings). The conditions prevalent on during the day on the FM broadcast
the rest of the world during the afternoon 20 meters are more pronounced, and band, though the 10.7-cm radio flux lev-
hours. Openings from the South Pacific, last much longer, on this band. Look for els are not going to support reliable prop-
Australia, New Zealand, and the Far East exotic stations a few hours before sun- agation at these higher frequencies.

90 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

Figure 3. The Sun released a series of four coronal mass ejections between May 22nd and May 24, 2010. These images
show one coronal mass ejection on May 23rd.
Solar storms bombard Earth with a stream of electrons and other charged particles that interact with gases in the atmos-
phere to generate colorful aurora. A coronal mass ejection, a large solar storm, can expel a billion tons of matter at a mil-
lion miles per hour or more. The strongest solar storms have the potential to interfere with communications, power grids,
and satellites. Solar storms happen most frequently when the Sun is in the active phase of its 11-year cycle, called solar
maximum.
Both images were taken by the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observations (STEREO) Ahead spacecraft. The top image is
from 2009 UTC. STEREO Ahead acquired the lower image just over two hours later at 2224 UTC. In the top image, a bright
mass of charged particles loops from the Sun’s atmosphere. Two hours later, the looped mass had expanded and was
moving away from the Sun. The images show only the Sun’s corona, the outermost layer of the atmosphere. A dark disk
covers the rest of the Sun, and a white circle represents the Sun’s surface.
When the charged particles from May’s coronal mass ejections reached Earth, they caused no damage, but they did gen-
erate sheets of colored light dancing across polar skies. (Courtesy of NOAA/STEREO)

Do not expect any east-west paths to be open. Tropo-
spheric conditions are generally particularly good for many
of the VHF bands during September with the appearance of
different weather fronts. This will be the primary mode for
working up to 300 miles. Continue to expect a high number
of coronal mass ejections, possibly triggering aurora during
September and October. Look for days when the Kp index is
above 5.
For a detailed list of meteor showers, check out <https://
tinyurl.com/xm8hmzpb> for a complete calendar of meteor
showers in 2021.
If you use Twitter.com, you can follow <@hfradiospacewx>
for hourly updates that include the K index numbers. You can
also check the numbers at <http://SunSpotWatch.com>,
where this columnist provides a wealth of current space weath-
er details as well as links. Please report your observations of
any notable propagation conditions, by writing this columnist
via Twitter, or via the Space Weather and Radio Propagation
Facebook page at <https://fb.me/spacewx.hfradio>.
Current Solar Cycle Progress
The Royal Observatory of Belgium reports that the monthly
mean observed sunspot number for June 2021 is 24.4. The
12-month running smoothed sunspot number centered on
December 2020 is 14.7. A smoothed sunspot count of 24,
give or take about 8 points is expected for September 2021.
The Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory at
Penticton, BC, Canada, reports a 10.7-cm observed month-
ly mean solar flux of 79.81 for June 2021. The 12-month
smoothed 10.7-cm flux centered on December 2020 is 76.40.
The predicted smoothed 10.7-cm solar flux for September
2021 is 78, give or take 8 points.
Geomagnetic activity this month is expected to quiet down
compared with last month. Overall, expect mostly quiet to
active level activity, leading to great propagation at times,
yielding consistently good propagation conditions during
this month (remember that you can get an up-to-the-day
Last-Minute Forecast at <http://SunSpotWatch.com> on
the main page).
I welcome your thoughts, questions, and experiences
regarding this fascinating science of propagation. You may
email me, write me a letter, or catch me on the HF amateur
bands. If you are on Facebook, check out <https://fb.me/
spacewx.hfradio> and <https://fb.me/NW7US> — speaking
of Facebook — check out the CQ Amateur Radio magazine
fan page at <https://fb.me/CQMag>.
– 73, Tomas, NW7US

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 91

 ANNOUNCEMENTS (from page 2) NEWS BYTES
Saturday, October 2 at the Riverwalk Church of Christ, 225 N. Waco. Contact: Bruce Barley, KKØS, (316) 744-3555 or Steve (from page 7)
Periman, NØYYI, (316) 617-1658. Email: <wichitaareahamfest21@gmail.com>. Website: <www.vcarc.org>. Talk-in 146.94- (PL
103.5). VE exams.
CRESTVIEW, FLORIDA — The North Okaloosa Amateur Radio Club will hold its Swap Meet from 5-7 p.m., Friday, October
8 and from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m., Saturday, October 9 at 1446 Commerce Drive. Phone: (850) 359-9186. Email: <ki4zer@arrl.net>. with their father, organized a 36-hour
Website: <www.w4aaz.org>. Talk-in 147.360+ (PL 100). VE exams. mini-DXpedition to the Dry Tortugas in
MELBOURNE, FLORIDA — The Platinum Coast Amateur Radio Society will hold the 56th Annual Hamfest and 2021 ARRL
Florida State Convention from 1-7 p.m., Friday, October 8 and 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., Saturday, October 9 at the Melbourne City the Gulf of Mexico, off the southwest
Auditorium, 625 East Hibiscus Boulevard. Email: <hamfest@pcars.org>. Website: <www.pcars.org>. VE exams, card check- coast of Florida, where they activated
ing, special event station.
SLIDELL, LOUISIANA — The Ozone Amateur Radio Club will hold the Slidell EOC Hamfest and 2021 ARRL Louisiana State N4T. The girls logged 1,970 HF con-
Convention from 2-5 p.m., Friday, October 8 and from 8 a.m. to 2:30 p.m., Saturday, October 9 at the Slidell City Auditorium, tacts and 100 satellite contacts. Faith
2056 2nd Street. Email: <hamfest@w5sla.net>. Website: <www.w5sla.net>. Talk-in 147.27+ (PL 114.8). VE exams.
EAST CHEYENNE, WYOMING — The SHYWY Amateur Radio Club will hold the 2021 ARRL Wyoming Section Convention Hannah’s account of the N4T operation
from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m., Saturday, October 9 at the Event Center at Archer, 3921 Archer Parkway. Website: <http://wyhacon.org>. became her second CQ article, and she
VE exams, fox hunt, special event station W7Y.
HARROD, OHIO — The Northwest Ohio Amateur Radio Club will hold its 2021 Fall Hamfest beginning 8 a.m., Saturday, and Hope shared the April 2019 cover.
October 9 at the Westminster United Methodist Church, 6650 Faulkner Road. Contact: Bob Butler, KC8BCJ, (419) 230-7997. In an interview with Newsline, she said
Website: <http://nwoarc.com>. Talk-in 146.670.
SAN RAMON, CALIFORNIA — The Mount Diablo Amateur Radio Club will hold Pacificon 2021 and the 2021 ARRL Pacific these and other ham radio experiences
Division Convention from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m., Friday, October 15; 7 a.m. to 10 p.m., Saturday, October 16; and from 6 a.m. to 3 energized her desire to actively partici-
p.m., Sunday, October 17 at the San Ramon Marriott, 2600 Bishop Drive. Phone: (925) 288-1730. Email: <info@pacificon.org>.
Website: <www.pacificon.org>. VE exams, special event station, banquet dinner. pate in contesting with her family. She
WINSTON-SALEM, NORTH CAROLINA — The Forsyth Amateur Radio Club will hold the Winston-Salem Hamfest from 7 has also participated in several special
a.m. to noon, Saturday, October 16 at the Robinhood Road Baptist Church, 5422 Robinhood Road. Phone: (336) 930-W4NC.
Email: <info@w4nc.com>. Website: <www.w4nc.com>. event operations and was a net control
KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN — The Kalamazoo Amateur Radio Club and the Southwest Michigan Amateur Radio Team will operator for Volusia, Florida ARES
hold the Kalamazoo Hamfest 2021 from 8 a.m. to noon, Sunday, October 17 at the Kalamazoo County Expo Center and
Fairgrounds, 2900 Lake Street. Phone: (269) 205-3560. Email: <info@kalamazoohamfest.com>. Website: <www.kalama- (Amateur Radio Emergency Service)
zoohamfest.org>. Talk-in 147.040 (PL 94.8) VE exams, card checking. during Hurricanes Matthew, Irma, and
ARDMORE, OKLAHOMA — The Texoma Hamarama, Ham Holiday, and 2021 ARRL Oklahoma State Convention will be
held from 4-8 p.m., Friday, October 22 and from 8 a.m., to 1:30 p.m., Saturday, October 23 at the Ardmore Convention Center, Dorian.
2401 Rockford Road. Contact: Mark Kleine (405) 410-6756. Email: <n5hzr@arrl.org>. Website: <www.hamholiday.com>. VE Faith Hannah completed high school
exams.
LYNVILLE, INDIANA — The Tri-State Amateur Radio Society will hold Southern Indiana’s Third Annual Hamtober Fest from through home schooling. But before
7 a.m. to 3 p.m., Saturday, October 23 at the Lynnville Community Center, 416 West State Road 68. Email: <hamfest@w9og.net>. doing so, she enrolled in Daytona State
Website: <htgtp://hamtoberfest.com>.
BOONE, IOWA — The 3900 Club will hold Hamboree 2021 from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m., Saturday. October 30 at the Boone County College where she earned an Associate
Fairgrounds Community Building, 1601 Industrial Park Road. Contact: Clay Conard, WØFS, (515) 838-2285. Email: <ham- of Arts degree at the age of 15.
boree@3900club.com>. Website: <www.3900club.com>. VE exams.
GREEN, OHIO — The Massillon Amateur Radio Club will hold its 61st Annual Hamfest beginning 9 a.m., Sunday, October Presently, she is a junior at Stetson
31 at the MAPS Air Museum, 5383 Massillon Road (St. Rt. 241). Contact: Terry Russ, N8ATZ, (330) 837-3091. Email: <truss@ University in Deland, Florida, working
sssnet.com>. Website: <www.w8np.org>. Talk-in 147.18+.
toward degrees in both molecular and
NOVEMBER cellular biology and business adminis-
CONGRESS, ARIZONA — The Hassayampa Amateur Radio Klub will hold its HARKfest Tailgate Hamfest from 8 a.m. to tration. Last year, she was awarded a
noon, Saturday, November 6 at the North Ranch Escapees RV Park, 30625 S. Highway 89. Contact: Duane Grooms, KDØKYK,
<djgrooms@yahoo.com>. Website: <www.harkaz.org>. Talk-in 146.620 (PL 162.2). VE exams, card checking. $25,000 scholarship from the Founda-
ENID, OKLAHOMA — The E nid Amateur Radio Club will hold the 2021 Enid Hamfest from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Saturday, tion for Amateur Radio, followed this
November 6 at the Garfield County Fairgrounds – Hoover Building, 305 East Oxford Avenue. Contact: Bill Nokes, W5EIY, (580)
716-4788. Email: <nokes3139@gmail.com>. Website: <http://enidarc.org>. Talk-in 145.290-, 147.150+, or 444.825+. VE exams. year by a $16,000 scholarship in the
MILWAUKEE, WISCONISN — The Milwaukee Repeater Club will hold its 2021 Swapfest on Saturday, November 6 at the “Voice of Democracy” essay contest
Elks Lodge, 5555 W. Goodhope Road. Contact: Karen, KC9WQJ, <kc9wqj@gmail.com>. Website: <http://mrc91.org>. Talk-in
146.910- (PL 127.3). sponsored by the Veterans of Foreign
KAUKAUNA, WISOCONSIN — The Fox Cities Amateur Radio Club will hold its 2021 Swapfest beginning 8 a.m., Sunday, Wars — finishing first in Florida and sec-
November 7 at the Starlite Club, W2091 County Road JJ. Contact: Anthony Mach, AB9IO, (920) 858-6300. Email: <ham-
fest@fcarc.club>. Website: <www.fcarc.club>. Talk-in 146.76 (PL 100). VE exams. ond in the national competition. Faith
WASHINGTON PENNSYLVANIA — The Washington Amateur Communications will hold the WACOM 2021 Hamfest from Hannah says she is exploring two career
8 a.m. to 3 p.m., Sunday, November 7 at the Washington County Fairgrounds 2151 North Main Street. Contact Tom Wright,
N3WS, (412) 414-5627. Website: <www.wacomarc.org>. Talk-in 146.790 (PL 131.8). Card checking. tracks — medicine or law, or possibly
MANITOWOC, WISCONSIN — The U.S. Cobia will air its special event station NB9QV from 1400-2100 UTC November 12th both. But she says she’ll always make
and 13th to honor Veterans Day weekend. Frequencies include 7.240+/- and 14.240+/- MHz. QSL a #10 SASE to Fred Neuenfeldt,
W6BSF, 4932 S. 10th Street, Manitowoc, WI 54220-9121. Website: <www.qrz.com/nb9qv>. time for ham radio!
FORT WAYNE, INDIANA — The Allen County Amateur Radio Technical Society will hold the 2021 Fort Wayne Hamfest from Faith Hannah and her family share their
9 a.m. to 4 p.m., Saturday, November 13 and from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m., Sunday, November 14 at the Allen County War Memorial
Coliseum and Exposition Center, 4000 Parnell Avenue. Website: <http://fortwaynehamfest.com>. Talk-in 146.880-. VE exams. many radio activities on their “HamRadio.
BENSON, NORTH CAROLINA — The Johnston Amateur Radio Society will hold JARSFEST 2021 from 8 a.m. to 1:30 p.m., World” YouTube channel where they
Sunday, November 21 at the American Legion Complex, 605 N. Wall Street. Phone: (919) 628-9927 (7-10 p.m.) Email: <jarsmem-
ber@yahoo.com>. Website: <www.jars.net>. Talk-in 147.270+. VE exams. have nearly 13,000 subscribers.
The YHOTY award is traditionally pre-
sented during the Huntsville Hamfest in
Young Ladies’ Radio League, Inc. Since 1939 Alabama each August. However, be-
For 75 years the Young Ladies’ Radio League, Inc. (YLRL) has helped cause of the spike in the Delta variant
women find their voice in Amateur Radio with members of all ages of COVID-19, Amateur Radio News-
and interests. line decided to make this year’s pre-
The YLRL sponsors a number of certificates for both YLs and OMs.
Members can earn special YL Certificates.
sentation virtual.
YL-Harmonics is our bi-monthly publication highlighting what women are doing in The Newsline Young Ham of the Year
Amateur Radio. Award was inaugurated by William
YLRL gives out scholarships to YLs each year. Pasternak, WA6ITF, in 1986. Upon his
For more information on the YLRL, the current dues amounts, weekly YL passing in 2015, Bill’s name was
Net locations or how to join please go to our website at www.ylrl.org or added to the award as a memorial. CQ
contact the Publicity Chairwoman, Cheryl Muhr, NØWBV at n0wbv@
earthlink.net. All Officer information is also listed both on the website and in
is a longtime corporate sponsor of the
each edition of the magazine and you may contact any Officer as well. award, along with Yaesu USA, Heil
With thanks to the OMs who encourage and support us. Sound, and Radiowavz Antenna
Visit us at www.ylrl.org Company.

92 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 ZERO BIAS (from page 8)
our ability to continue contributing to the advancement of the
radio art.
3) Encouragement and improvement of the amateur ser-
vice through rules which provide for advancing skills in both
the communication and technical phases of the art. – As with
#2, mandating unnecessary analysis and paperwork will dis-
courage experimentation with new modes and transmitter
designs as well as antennas.
4) Expansion of the existing reservoir within the amateur
radio service of trained operators, technicians, and elec-
tronics experts. – Limiting amateurs’ ability to set up stations
to conduct self-training and practice their technical and com-
munication skills will reduce, not expand, the reservoir of
trained operators, technicians, and electronics experts that
the amateur service has traditionally supplied to the telecom-
munications industry — an unwise move at a time when vir-
tually everything is going wireless and the pool of trained RF
engineers and technicians is shrinking, not growing.
Finally, 5) Continuation and extension of the amateur’s
unique ability to enhance international goodwill. – Making it
more difficult to operate one’s station, which will be the net
effect of these new rules, will limit amateurs’ ability to con-
tact and make friends with their fellow hams around the world.
So, to recap … in order to minimize a health risk that dozens
of studies have failed to prove exists, and in order to stream-
line federal regulations by having a single set of standards
to assess possible RF exposure rather than previous ser-
vice-specific standards that took into account the unique
characteristics of each service, the FCC is now making it
much more difficult for amateurs to provide public service
and emergency communications, to experiment with differ-
ent antennas and transmitter designs, to operate stations in
Fortunately, hams are an inventive and resilient
bunch and I have faith that, as a group, we will
come up with ways to continue doing what we do
despite these new bureaucratic obstacles.
temporary locations, and to operate mobile stations at all.
The FCC’s new rules threaten the very future of the amateur
service exclusively for the benefit of bureaucratic conve-
nience. The old method wasn’t “broke;” there was no need
to “fix” it.
Fortunately, hams are an inventive and resilient bunch and
I have faith that, as a group, we will come up with ways to
continue doing what we do despite these new bureaucratic
obstacles. Several online RF exposure calculators (see the
article on page 14) are a good start. But the FCC’s newfound
zeal for bureaucratic convenience is shortsighted and threat-
ens real harm to the future of amateur radio.
A Housekeeping Note
As you may already be aware, we had recently gotten so far
behind on our print issues that we made the difficult decision
this summer to make the June and July issues digital-only,
to jump-start the print edition with the August issue and to
extend all print subscriptions by two issues to ensure every-
one gets all of the issues that they have signed up for. We
apologize for the missed issues (the digital versions may be
downloaded from links on the bottom of our home page) and
appreciate your patience during these difficult economic
times.
– W2VU

READER FEEDBACK
Old Meets New
Many folks sat glued to their radios on May 6, 1937, listen-
ing in horror to the live description of the crash of the airship
Hindenburg as related in CQ’s July issue News Bytes. I know
the quote well: “Oh, the humanity!” as the newscast
emanates once again from my 1932 Philco radio with the
help of some 21st century technology.
I found the radio at an antiques and collectables shop in
Waynesville, North Carolina while on an RV vacation. It was
not in operating condition, but once at home, and with the
help of antique radio guru Angelo Drammissi, K3YUN, we
got it back in operating condition.
While it will play local rock, country and talk, the real fun is
showing it off to visitors, especially seniors, who are sur-
prised to hear news and entertainment of the “olden days”
coming out of its speaker. Favorites are the Hindenburg and
FDR’s “A day that will live in infamy” speech, all of which real-
ly were received over the years that this radio sat in some-
one’s living room.
Old radio sounds are provided today courtesy of a
Bluetooth speaker placed inside the radio case and the pro-
gramming sent from my cell phone. Oh, the humanity … and 1932 Philco radio is contrasted with a modern tiny FM radio.
oh, what fun to hear it all again! Many folks today even have an FM radio chip inside their
– Dennis Lazar, W4DNN cell phones. How far we’ve come!

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 93

Number groups after call letters *KE3KK 7 70 7 7 *KD2UTL " 144 13 12 *KA3KAG " 5,577 41 39 W3GQ " 5,762 46 43
denote following: Band (A = all), Final *NY1E 3.7 25,728 115 96 *W2ASC 14 86,581 210 187 *KN3A " 5,408 58 52 N3JT " 5,715 47 45
*W2VU " 1,764 28 28 *KN3B " 5,106 52 46 NN4NN " 5,504 48 43
Score, Number of QSOs, and District 2 *W2JAT " 1,150 25 25 *KB9CNN " 4,998 57 49 (OP: K3SV)
Prefixes. An asterisk (*) before a call KV2K A 7,504,532 2538 1084 *NP4H " 512 16 16 *N3SD " 3,698 52 43 WK4LR " 4,136 46 44
indicates low power. Line scores in (OP: K2NG) *KT3Q " 336 14 14 *K3CHF " 3,382 45 38 NO4WW " 4,123 32 31
italics indicate late log received (past WU2X " 6,170,169 2129 939 *W2TI " 253 11 11 *KC3OTP " 3,270 35 30 (OP: N4WW)
(OP: N2QV) *K2HVE " 224 14 14 *KB3LYB " 2,772 37 36 N4DTF " 3,840 45 40
the deadline). Certificate winners are WA2CP " 3,703,532 1822 812 *K2AL " 160 10 10 *N3TJB " 2,590 40 37 WN3F " 3,182 49 43
listed in boldface. (Note that the coun- (OP: KC2GOW) *N2LBZ " 153 9 9 *N3XL " 1,798 34 31 W4GHV " 2,212 34 28
try names and groupings reflect the WR2G " 2,047,767 1220 681 *WA2YYL " 63 7 7 *NE3I " 1,100 27 25 K4DXV " 2,178 23 22
DXCC list at the time of the contest.) KE2D " 1,311,161 985 523 *KD2OID " 54 6 6 *KA3KSP " 680 20 20 K2PS " 2,028 45 39
KU2M " 1,136,200 735 520 *N1MID 7 1,980 35 30 *W3AVP " 580 20 20 W4MY " 1,288 28 28
KM2O " 1,081,020 759 516 *N3PKJ " 360 25 24 N4DE " 742 19 14
KA2K " 1,050,096 735 501 District 3 *KC3MSL " 176 12 11 KS4VOL " 688 16 16
2021 CQWW WPX N2RRA " 1,029,716 1075 508 AA3B A 6,895,328 2604 1031 *N3BAS " 154 11 11 N4ASX " 486 18 18
KN2M " 971,598 683 498 WX3B " 5,951,340 2322 963 *N3JON " 72 6 6 AA4CF " 280 10 10
SSB RESULTS WA2DNI " 740,180 731 476 K3RA " 5,437,344 2263 912 *N3ZA 14 80,025 182 165 KJ4TID " 72 12 9
WS9M " 598,662 646 421 K3ZO " 4,100,716 1871 841 *NA7L " 1,512 28 28 W4BCG " 36 6 6
SINGLE OPERATOR K2RET " 594,090 583 410 KF3P " 3,934,840 1790 920
(OP: K3MM)
*AF3I
*AB3GS
"
"
32
4
4
2
4
2
NA4W 28 103,912 298 124
(OP: K4WI)
W2MKM " 573,566 524 371
NORTH AMERICA NN2NN " 408,289 460 329 N3QE " 3,129,243 2151 779 *WA3FAE 7 79,800 184 152 WN1GIV " 2,910 35 30
United States WA2MCR " 337,334 497 302 WB2ZAB " 2,969,112 1487 772 *KB3TZD 3.7 4 2 2 (OP: N4BP)
District 1 N2SQW " 277,352 354 296 KA3GIK " 2,364,552 1506 738 KR4Z 21 315,000 539 315
AC1U A 8,616,972 2982 1092 N2NKX " 251,217 348 271 (OP: W3FIZ) District 4 (OP: N4OX)
(OP: N1UR) W2JV " 189,044 375 283 N3OC " 2,363,559 1381 737 N6AR A 4,119,117 2156 867 WJ2D " 109,242 240 189
N2HMM " 187,128 290 226 K3TC " 1,988,327 1269 667 WZ4F " 2,966,742 1938 774 KM4HI 14 1,351,586 1130 643
KQ2M " 7,158,708 2570 1044 K3WJV " 1,788,388 1219 644 (OP: K4AB) WA4JUK " 217,039 388 289
KR2Q " 175,584 330 248
AK1W " 5,024,166 1912 966 W3LL " 1,459,488 1207 552 NF4A " 1,977,696 1493 654 KT4ZB " 22,019 97 97
KF2E " 175,275 274 225
(OP: K5ZD) AB2E " 158,746 316 203 NF3R " 1,345,449 1192 553 AA4AQ " 1,960,564 1624 652 N4AJR " 1,220 21 20
K1AR " 2,936,336 2028 743 N2YG " 155,118 291 206 KT3M " 1,336,023 1132 601 (OP: K4PV) KW4EE " 70 7 7
NE1C " 2,084,940 1592 729 N2VSD " 136,532 284 214 (OP: N3AD) W4TTY " 1,906,286 1282 667 K9OM 7 243,012 348 263
(OP: W3MLJ) K3TS " 124,992 208 192 W3FV " 983,920 726 502 KU1CW " 1,812,863 1202 631 KM9P " 97,856 400 176
K1ZZ " 1,053,855 715 495 N2VW " 121,527 242 189 N3FJP " 878,061 790 487 K3DNE " 1,741,905 1517 621 (OP: KØEJ)
N1RP " 1,015,054 743 503 K2ANZ " 108,466 232 193 K3AU " 717,882 666 438 KA4RRU " 1,555,008 1129 624 WB2UKX " 2,295 28 27
N9NC " 993,895 749 511 K2NV " 92,050 192 175 (OP: K2YWE) N1LN " 1,519,859 977 593 N4IQ 3.7 41,322 203 142
AK1MD " 900,592 936 473 KA2MGE " 77,500 191 155 W3FOX " 625,593 643 453 WS7X " 1,401,532 1437 601 AD8J " 5,220 77 58
W1HS " 774,822 784 438 WC2W " 71,148 173 147 W3ICM " 513,022 693 398 K3QH " 1,049,572 1280 524 *KG4IGC A 226,317 539 273
KI1P " 733,023 805 459 WC2L " 53,724 223 132 WY3A " 462,969 501 351 NN3W " 927,344 874 479 *WJ4X " 194,400 348 243
AE1P " 711,732 745 444 N2PEQ " 47,187 198 147 KE3GK " 458,540 550 404 NR3X " 860,985 994 477 (OP: N4XL)
ND1X " 502,152 582 392 K4RUM " 46,895 137 113 K2XR " 449,873 495 379 (OP: N4YDU) *WA3LXD " 188,092 364 236
AA1SU " 492,954 651 363 K2RB " 46,360 139 122 AA3S " 390,600 435 350 N5GF " 765,108 892 477 *K4YT " 149,856 284 223
KB1W " 274,055 420 295 NF2RS " 44,880 148 132 N8IVN " 374,504 603 338 AB4GG " 685,653 972 437 *N2JF " 149,600 323 220
NV1Q " 208,941 323 257 (OP: K2QB) AC3LZ " 341,460 490 315 NX3A " 613,952 605 424 *W4BTW " 141,075 330 225
K1JB " 204,624 321 261 N2NC " 44,811 136 117 W3JJL " 321,434 379 346 N1RM " 534,936 630 372 *NK4O " 138,656 314 224
W3SM " 176,172 249 212 N2RC " 41,724 157 122 N3EEN " 282,854 461 299 KT4Q " 508,320 717 360 *N1XL " 129,947 297 199
AC1EV " 164,024 313 232 N2KA " 38,533 135 113 W3JX " 249,736 312 248 NO9E " 479,650 529 362 *N4LS " 110,772 281 181
W1GD " 157,168 209 209 WA3AFS " 29,973 97 97 K2LNS " 245,025 380 275 K4SBZ " 473,767 826 371 *KB4CG " 106,506 243 183
KV1J " 150,282 248 198 KE1IH " 29,925 111 95 AK3B " 244,200 398 275 K4CGY " 452,848 546 341 *W4YE " 95,060 260 194
W1JGM " 145,860 282 220 WB2PJH " 25,608 99 88 NW3Y " 240,377 372 271 NE8P " 451,500 597 350 *K4FX " 93,058 216 161
N1KWG " 134,232 266 204 WB2NVR " 24,156 101 99 KA3YJM " 231,084 344 262 K5VIP " 385,974 382 369 *NK4T " 83,367 214 157
KM1W " 127,434 221 201 NS2N " 22,596 100 84 N3AM " 229,632 323 256 KM4M " 353,685 450 323 *NL7WA " 81,000 189 150
KC2OSR " 20,516 101 92 W2GD " 214,965 371 255 (OP: W4JVN) *N4RWH " 78,246 202 161
KC1GTK " 110,740 209 196
K2PLI " 20,398 112 94 NO3U " 209,990 394 253 WF4W " 336,337 620 317 *K4DR " 71,230 210 170
WV1M " 95,029 206 163 K3TEF " 207,460 311 253 NN2T " 274,820 542 302 *KF8N " 71,100 212 158
KZ2I " 20,114 99 89
W1IS " 68,820 180 155 NA3F " 203,112 369 252 W4AEX " 262,990 437 289 *KA5WMF " 68,640 210 160
WB2NFL " 19,646 94 94
K1VW " 65,562 186 147 NM2O " 14,018 123 86 N3DUE " 195,129 367 243 WF9A " 238,278 383 263 *KW4J " 66,249 198 153
K1MT " 60,514 162 158 W2UDT " 9,990 75 74 KV3U " 192,864 351 246 (OP: LZ4AX) *K4FTO " 62,880 200 160
N1KM " 59,148 174 159 K2XA " 6,713 49 49 KB3Z " 190,710 290 234 N4QS " 210,567 355 271 *N4MMR " 58,976 220 152
N1SNB " 54,372 226 138 W2KU " 1,848 28 28 K1BZ " 187,650 317 225 W1AJT " 208,005 288 245 *KC4JNW " 56,696 204 152
KC1LOI " 46,389 171 141 KF2O " 680 17 17 KG4USN " 180,414 274 257 NS4X " 197,457 330 249 *K4XB " 55,062 167 133
W1GXZ " 39,087 121 101 K2SSS 14 2,237,697 1352 693 N3FCP " 174,369 301 221 N4ZZ " 192,696 483 248 *W2WCM " 54,684 182 147
WA1ZYX " 36,260 135 98 NU2A " 856,500 716 500 NT3U " 173,818 283 233 AI4WW " 188,722 359 254 *K4KSV " 54,282 217 166
WJ1B " 28,890 126 107 (OP: N2GM) N1EK " 155,996 346 236 NE4EI " 184,800 357 231 *W4SSF " 53,250 193 150
K1BIF " 25,740 106 90 W2CG " 146,060 246 218 N3FM " 134,016 265 192 K4MV " 180,310 305 247 *KB9RKK " 53,200 214 140
W1WEF " 22,500 144 90 WO2Y " 44,763 139 129 NX3Z " 128,401 248 221 KA8Q " 155,856 260 204 *WA3RHW/4 " 53,067 163 147
W1OHM " 19,383 96 91 K2MFW " 16,872 78 76 AG3I " 121,788 287 199 K4VTE " 149,112 293 218 *AI4GR " 51,512 198 137
KE1VT " 17,974 93 86 N2OO " 14,508 79 78 KZ3P " 121,360 261 185 W4NF " 148,995 419 215 *N4QI " 50,700 155 130
NF1L " 17,112 112 92 NB2P 7 46,864 137 116 KC3HXF " 114,654 237 194 W4LT " 144,904 364 236 *W4SPR " 48,260 163 127
K1OFO " 10,855 67 65 KX2NY 3.7 108,295 303 179 KU2C " 110,960 201 190 N4DN " 144,640 367 226 *K4TG " 41,985 164 135
ND1L " 9,920 66 62 (OP: W2XL) WA3AER " 102,289 287 187 N4CF " 142,136 295 218 *N3CKI " 39,625 150 125
AB1KT " 2,485 37 35 N2JJ " 44,407 146 121 AA2A " 97,641 212 171 W3DQS " 132,870 276 206 *W3OA " 38,586 154 118
K1GMM " 2,250 31 30 WA2BCK " 28,272 145 93 (OP: N2KW @K6ND) KK4CQN " 131,200 271 200 *N4NTO " 38,525 134 115
W1PY " 2,132 26 26 WN2O 1.8 1,120 31 28 K4JDF " 95,900 209 175 N6DW " 124,504 238 197 *N4VGE " 37,376 178 128
NT1N 21 645 15 15 (OP: N2GC) WR3R " 94,185 276 195 K4KKC " 124,120 303 214 *WA4JA " 35,836 163 124
WZ1R 14 2,678,580 1643 828 *W2FDJ A 224,361 357 257 KX2S " 93,104 230 184 WB5WAJ " 122,808 280 204 *KS3H " 35,072 169 128
(OP: N1RR) *KC2MBV " 216,184 390 244 N3MWQ " 87,522 200 174 K4BAI " 116,982 257 201 *K9EZ " 34,384 135 112
WT1A " 100,495 216 199 *K2CS " 213,855 334 265 WT3K " 78,323 233 167 W3IK " 114,165 242 177 *KI4MYD " 33,787 133 113
W1/PY1MX " 44,696 199 151 *W2ASD " 207,244 379 263 KW3A " 78,078 246 169 W4VIC " 110,398 230 191 *W4EE " 33,200 111 100
*WA2CNV " 176,712 314 222 NN3RP " 73,408 175 148 W1GKT " 107,562 241 197 *KK4RV " 32,490 138 114
W1KM 3.7 13,209 55 51
*WB2KLD " 175,500 295 234 N8WXQ " 72,900 193 150 AI4CJ " 105,656 245 188 *K3TW " 31,828 125 109
K1ZM 1.8 58,797 210 141
*KS2G " 172,653 339 247 NE3K " 69,372 177 141 N4ZY " 105,241 263 191 *K4BP " 29,500 110 100
*KQ1F A 793,872 666 444 N3RD " 46,864 142 116 WO4O " 102,010 252 202 *K4YDE " 28,250 139 113
*N1NQD " 168,168 269 231
(OP: K1XM) NY3A " 44,042 180 122 N4RV " 101,675 225 175 *KV4ZY " 27,666 100 87
*N2MTG " 148,215 310 205
*NG1M " 235,092 437 274 *N4ESU " 129,580 264 209 K3ISH " 42,706 155 131 KU4FX " 101,528 287 196 *W4WCD " 26,910 158 130
*N1ALO " 216,030 367 285 *KD2PTX " 103,680 221 180 NY3B " 41,912 145 124 WW4XX " 85,500 307 180 *W4TWR " 25,194 128 102
*N1API " 154,105 245 245 *N2DD " 102,790 248 190 KZ3W " 36,696 185 132 (OP: KM4DAY) *W4XXV " 24,444 112 97
*W2PMC " 125,020 240 188 *NC1A " 95,580 218 177 K2ACX " 35,088 192 136 KM4IZZ " 81,720 210 180 *N4JKO " 23,904 112 96
*W1DYJ " 101,803 221 191 *KC2WUF " 83,160 233 168 AA3K " 34,608 110 103 W3PJ " 80,422 195 158 *WC4Y " 22,969 139 103
*N1DC " 65,254 178 158 *WC2Y " 80,936 195 151 N3WMC " 33,672 155 122 N1TO " 80,275 196 169 *KG2E " 22,184 122 94
*WE1SAX " 49,530 156 127 *AD2BO " 74,620 293 164 W2QFV " 21,567 102 91 WB4EHG " 75,082 209 173 *K4JSK " 22,042 134 103
*N1FTP " 47,625 142 125 *KD2JOE " 72,385 182 155 K3TN " 13,804 79 68 AA4CS " 69,007 177 151 *WW4LS " 21,432 103 94
*AG2K " 47,040 137 120 *KF2FK " 65,598 215 174 N3ATE " 13,065 73 67 N4JOW " 68,960 178 160 *K1SO " 20,116 106 94
*W1ER " 46,750 155 125 *KC2QJB " 64,964 172 149 N4ZR " 8,525 57 55 KJ4YLR " 67,473 190 153 *KE4QCM " 18,549 100 81
*AF1R " 36,162 162 123 *KD2P " 64,950 170 150 N3RM " 7,696 55 52 N4CW " 65,712 148 148 *WB4MM " 17,922 102 87
*AA1W " 33,072 118 106 *W2AAB " 64,779 181 151 AC3U " 7,540 67 58 AD4EB " 61,236 227 162 *K2CAF " 17,766 100 94
*KG1V " 24,139 124 101 *KA2FIR " 57,084 158 134 (OP: W3UL) KI4GGJ " 55,480 181 152 *KV4KY " 17,712 92 82
*N1IBQ " 21,582 110 99 *N2YIB " 49,420 172 140 WF3U " 7,248 52 48 K4QQG " 50,862 193 147 *AE4M " 15,288 99 84
*W1EDX " 21,402 96 87 *WA2QAU " 47,784 158 132 WK2G " 5,412 45 44 WC9D " 49,518 180 131 *K4ORD " 14,430 99 78
*W1AKI " 17,010 108 90 *N2FF " 39,746 128 119 W2CDO " 2,310 34 33 WB4CW " 49,000 129 125 *WN8Y " 14,162 88 73
*N1XQ " 15,600 95 78 *W1WV " 30,720 111 96 W3AZT " 561 17 17 W4DHT " 46,650 193 150 *K4FJW " 12,264 79 73
*WA1N " 14,416 75 68 *WW2P " 30,096 134 114 NI2Q " 405 16 15 AC4MC " 44,544 146 128 *KA8IIM " 11,305 116 85
*N1WEN " 13,067 84 73 *KF2SA " 29,200 112 100 KC3KRZ " 171 9 9 WB4HRL " 42,840 159 126 *N2OG " 10,988 74 67
*W1GHD " 11,726 99 82 *N2LDV " 28,392 117 104 K3OO 28 17,490 114 55 AA5JF " 41,225 121 97 *N4MCC " 10,906 102 82
*N1ADX " 11,011 89 77 *K2PJC " 22,599 105 93 W3KL 14 1,410,024 990 588 AF4T " 37,968 130 113 *KB6QPI/4 " 10,098 82 66
*K1LK " 9,858 71 62 *KC2PDO " 18,480 96 88 WA3AAN 7 108,472 270 182 KU4V " 37,771 118 107 *K4WWP " 9,514 88 67
*AC2ZZ " 18,334 99 89 NT2DR " 57,150 165 127 WG4MC " 36,936 138 114 *KN4ADM " 9,052 65 62
*W2IOC/1 " 9,246 76 67
*KD2KEH " 17,928 97 83 W3NO 3.7 194,880 318 240 K4HQK " 36,920 129 104 *KK4CS " 8,576 74 64
*KR1A " 9,240 67 55 *N3AAA A 418,902 519 363 AF2D " 34,668 115 107 *K4GOP " 8,520 71 60
*N2OMD " 17,628 84 78
(OP: KL7JT) *NS3T " 277,480 561 280 KG3V " 33,063 125 107 *KA3BZO " 8,280 70 60
*KB2MN " 14,484 77 71
*K1TIG " 7,906 63 59 *W2LCQ " 14,040 94 78 *N2EM " 128,945 274 205 K4SHW " 32,860 150 124 *K4GM " 8,235 75 61
*N1AM " 7,656 58 58 *K3WHD " 9,179 69 67 *WA1HEW " 85,239 260 189 KN4LIU " 28,890 121 90 *AG4I " 6,441 63 57
*KA1C " 7,590 57 55 *KD2RPX " 7,747 74 61 *KC3QVQ " 70,992 193 153 K4YCR " 25,575 111 93 *K8OSF " 6,201 64 53
*W1ZFG " 6,480 60 54 *KD2REH " 5,665 68 55 *N3BD " 49,588 195 154 K9JDP " 25,098 101 94 *KB4EE " 6,050 59 55
*N1SFT " 5,382 53 46 *KD2XI " 4,700 51 47 *WM3PEN " 41,216 149 128 WB9KVD " 24,035 138 115 *N4ET " 5,994 61 54
*WU1T " 4,794 63 51 *KC2VVJ " 4,085 44 43 (OP: W3WHK) KF5MU " 23,793 119 103 *KW4LU " 5,831 66 49
*K1JBD " 3,081 42 39 *N2SFS " 3,752 72 67 *N3OJU " 30,846 120 106 K9GWS " 23,760 103 90 *KG5HVO " 5,830 65 53
*W1RJL " 2,210 37 34 *KS2A " 3,080 51 44 *KC3OQJ " 29,889 153 123 KG9V " 23,358 119 102 *N4NP " 5,593 57 47
*W1QMU " 1,943 33 29 *NV2K " 2,912 35 32 *W3MAX " 26,220 131 114 W7HU " 22,088 94 88 *KX4AV " 5,580 66 62
*N1CEO " 1,938 43 38 *AB2TC " 1,881 38 33 *N3KBF " 24,024 98 88 K2SD " 21,870 108 90 *K4CGA " 5,457 53 51
*K1ECU " 1,653 29 29 *W2DWS " 1,634 39 38 *KD3H " 22,960 151 112 KC4WQ " 21,500 100 100 *KN4UOW " 5,152 61 56
*AI1G " 1,650 33 30 *N2LEB " 1,550 37 31 *KC3RGK " 22,834 119 98 K3TD " 19,750 92 79 *KD7ACB " 5,005 71 55
*WA2TNX " 900 20 20 *KE2A " 1,495 23 23 *KA3FZN " 21,715 104 101 KE4YOG " 17,710 89 77 *K4LDC " 4,320 43 40
*WQ1Q " 160 10 10 *KD2PWB " 1,242 24 23 *KQ3W " 18,696 91 82 N4QBS " 15,762 80 71 *WA8AHZ " 4,080 49 48
*AI1TT 14 129,800 234 220 *KD2SSE " 1,230 32 30 *W3TAS " 16,766 99 83 KO4HXM " 15,247 97 79 *WX4HP " 3,822 42 39
(OP: W1WBB) *N2XDD " 1,122 22 22 *AC3MB " 15,928 109 88 KA4GFY " 12,629 79 73 *K4JMG " 3,600 45 40
*N1WRK " 19,448 91 88 *W2KYM " 800 26 25 *NU3A " 15,309 71 63 K4HDW " 11,055 71 67 *NU4N " 3,450 51 46
*WI1K " 15,399 93 87 *KC2JRQ " 736 23 23 *K3RLW " 14,812 209 161 K4NWX " 10,773 68 63 *KM4SK " 3,420 38 36
*KB1TDP " 2,048 32 32 *WA2ALY " 713 23 23 *AJ3M " 11,466 89 78 NV4C " 7,280 60 56 *KJ4AOM " 3,332 36 34
*KC1G " 216 9 8 *WB2KHE " 703 19 19 *KE5NJ " 10,218 95 78 K8LF " 6,552 63 52 *W4CMG " 3,318 48 42
*K1NAS " 165 11 11 *WB2KHO " 396 14 12 *KD3HN " 7,100 58 50 W4NZ " 6,533 48 47 *KM4VI " 3,300 48 44
*WA3EEC " 91 7 7 *W2XK " 234 10 9 *K3UA " 6,944 64 56 N2NYR " 6,486 59 46 *K4KZ " 3,108 47 42
*KC1MYZ " 21 3 3 *KD2UAF " 153 17 17 *K3JSJ " 6,069 57 51 N4LZ " 6,188 58 52 *KF4LGT " 2,822 40 34

94 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

*KO4AWC " 2,640 37 33 *NK5K " 19,350 96 90 *W6DT " 116,736 265 192 K7MY " 21,060 109 90 *W7SOT " 140 20 20
*WA4MBG " 2,516 45 37 *AA5AH " 18,054 144 102 *W6KAP " 73,548 271 162 KB7TMV " 20,667 106 83 *KD7EJ " 90 10 9
*KN4MIV " 2,280 39 38 *AG5VE " 17,020 124 92 *KE6FQC " 59,840 229 160 K7GS " 19,364 99 94 *K7YL " 90 18 18
*K1HG " 2,046 36 31 *N5AYB " 16,182 117 93 *K6UN " 51,294 236 166 WG7X " 10,147 91 73 *KA7RON " 45 5 5
*W4GFY " 1,953 31 31 *K5MAY " 13,195 111 91 *W6UE " 49,131 214 159 W7FD " 6,688 86 76 *N7FXT " 28 5 4
*NX4O " 1,856 32 32 *NR5TX " 12,382 104 82 (OP: N6AN) K9QJS " 6,554 64 58 *N1ACW " 12 6 6
*KK4AGN " 1,720 41 40 *W5JWP " 11,097 97 81 *W6ZL " 38,520 154 120 KB7HDX " 6,160 56 56 *AB7WP " 9 3 3
*NØJJO " 1,716 34 33 *WE5ET " 11,060 97 79 *N6LL " 24,130 115 95 KF7DX " 5,040 44 42 *K6TUJ 21 1,430 27 26
*KO4EFS " 1,696 36 32 *AG5JW " 10,800 78 72 *K6BBQ " 22,048 127 106 N6RC " 4,048 48 46 *N6LB " 240 12 12
*WO4X " 1,674 29 27 *KJ4EBE " 10,098 76 66 *KC7O " 19,992 119 102 KB7AZ " 3,939 46 39 *WA7BAM " 3 1 1
*K4CNY " 1,612 37 31 *W5ANE " 8,127 80 63 *W6AAE " 12,482 96 79 KB2S " 3,608 57 44 *W7EDC 14 39,039 176 143
*KJ4KTG " 1,608 25 24 *K3KEK " 7,626 75 62 *K2DMS " 10,380 82 60 WQ3U " 3,212 52 44 *KA7T " 24,940 178 116
*K6RM " 1,474 24 22 *AB8YZ " 6,630 98 78 *WB2KXC " 9,184 96 82 W7WIA " 2,982 47 42 *N7VZU " 8,908 70 68
*W4SCP " 1,470 33 30 *N5PBP " 6,120 69 60 *N6ORB " 8,064 71 63 AD7Z " 2,940 36 35 *AA7UN " 7,097 51 47
(OP: WAØLJM) *W5YBT " 5,934 59 43 *KD6RMS " 7,375 65 59 AF7LZ " 2,666 45 43 *WAØWWW " 5,568 50 48
*K4ZRP " 1,458 29 27 *AB5XZ " 5,890 78 62 *K6TLH " 7,280 76 70 W7ON " 2,170 32 31 *WAØPFC " 2,420 47 44
*K4MLY " 1,375 26 25 *N5VHT " 5,720 61 55 *NA6NA " 6,552 67 63 KK7CO " 2,130 31 30 *AC4YL " 1,530 33 30
*NJ8J " 1,350 31 27 *KB6OJE " 5,194 67 53 *KE6SHL " 6,402 75 66 (OP: W7ON) *N7QR " 598 24 23
*KO4EQR " 1,323 28 27 *AA3C " 4,505 63 53 *K6ACV " 6,042 68 57 KJ9C " 1,512 33 28 *AG7AB " 588 23 21
*WB4UBK " 1,219 24 23 *KF5DDV " 4,293 60 53 *K7XE " 5,510 63 58 KT7G " 405 27 27 *N7LL " 441 21 21
*KN4CQJ " 1,218 30 29 *KI5PLT " 4,266 63 54 *K6CSL " 4,335 60 51 W5UJ " 65 5 5 *AG4YL " 294 14 14
*KM4IAJ " 1,188 20 18 *KI5MPX " 3,996 67 54 *N6ZE " 4,257 59 43 K6UM " 28 5 4 *N7DUK " 126 9 9
*WA2OMT " 1,170 31 30 *WB5RTW " 3,569 46 43 *NR7Z " 3,872 46 44 W7SLS " 16 4 4 *KJ7SBF " 10 5 5
*AD4YQ " 946 22 22 *KI5ETN " 3,520 73 55 *KQ6BN " 3,608 51 44 N7RQ 21 325,104 681 312 *K7XC 7 41,875 170 125
*KM4TLR " 945 22 21 *KF5IVJ " 2,967 43 43 *N2JNR " 3,552 42 37 WZ7ZR " 28,224 139 112 *WA8ZNC " 2,793 53 49
*N3FNE " 897 23 23 *KU5Y " 2,562 50 42 *AJ6IY " 3,160 48 40 (OP: W7ZR) *KD8KQH " 1,325 26 25
*NA4ST " 882 21 21 *KC5HWB " 1,856 35 32 *K6DWD " 2,795 46 43 W7WA 14 4,188,038 2411 961 *W9MPX " 348 13 12
*KS3K " 880 23 22 *N5CHA " 1,632 39 32 *N6TVN " 2,728 48 44 K6SEA " 97,020 196 196 *W6DSG " 247 13 13
*NB4F " 780 20 20 *KC7DC " 1,320 27 24 *WF6F " 2,604 44 42 (OP: KA6BIM) *KD7FQI " 117 10 9
*WB4OMM " 759 23 23 *KI5LKS " 1,040 27 26 *AA3YC " 2,300 47 46 NØVD " 53,712 158 144 *W7VC " 18 3 3
*KG4WOJ " 748 18 17 *KC5EGZ " 882 18 18 *AJ6CE " 1,800 32 30 W7IL " 47,520 151 144 *K2JNL " 15 5 5
*N4QX " 700 20 20 *KU5J " 735 22 21 *KN6IUW " 1,344 30 28 NW7M " 1,239 21 21 *K7RMZ " 9 3 3
*KB8TRH " 665 19 19 *W5TJS " 713 24 23 *W6DMW " 1,300 28 25 W7DBA " 189 9 9 *K7ILO " 4 2 2
*N4TOL " 630 19 18 *K9DHC " 595 17 17 *W6NKR " 1,271 32 31 NB7O " 3 1 1 *KG6T " 1 1 1
*KC5CMX " 594 19 18 *W5EJD " 574 14 14 *KM6VHD " 1,232 32 28 KH7X/NZ7 7 621,335 1017 395
*WA4AH " 430 12 10 *W5XNA " 462 15 14 *KM6UWI " 1,102 30 29 (OP: KH6ND) District 8
*KO4ELL " 364 14 13 *W5RIP " 432 16 16 *W6OOD " 1,078 22 22 N7SJM " 14,027 101 83 W8MJ A 2,671,692 1689 804
*W2TAD " 308 11 11 *NE5W " 432 21 18 *K6DW " 910 28 26 NS1L 3.7 188,955 422 255 WR8AA " 1,625,616 1210 639
*KB4VL " 288 12 12 *KI5KOI " 414 18 18 *W6JWP " 660 22 20 (OP: N6SS) (OP: K3ZJ)
*K4GNE " 247 20 19 *N5CWA " 360 16 15 *N3KA " 512 20 16 K7SS 1.8 966 31 21 N8CWU " 1,439,085 1252 591
*K4CIH " 228 20 19 *WD5HHC " 240 16 16 *WM7C " 450 20 18 *WZ8T A 329,130 564 345 NA8V " 959,577 889 499
*KK4PJ " 224 8 8 *WB5K " 216 18 18 *WB6KDH " 372 14 12 *W1DGL " 155,714 346 226 N8BI " 923,033 757 479
*N4HWH " 36 13 12 *KG5STP " 210 22 21 *N9DK " 336 19 16 *W6US " 123,516 315 219 W8BI " 617,804 749 418
*KC4FLB 21 24 3 3 *KC6ZBE " 90 6 6 *KF6ZYD " 324 16 12 *K7HBN " 80,712 210 177 (OP: KB8UEY)
*K4ADZ 14 7,696 79 74 *KI6HQT " 40 5 5 *K6KEL " 304 16 16 *K6PF " 74,844 248 162 NX8T " 344,320 444 320
*KC4TNQ " 2,257 39 37 *W5CSM 14 70,488 269 198 *KG6DNY " 270 17 15 *N7MZW " 50,720 284 160 WA3C " 320,641 420 311
*N4TL " 1,140 20 20 *KB8VND " 42,340 184 146 *N6SMH " 256 16 16 *NS7U " 43,470 175 138 N4RA " 291,592 393 287
*KN4YRM " 1,100 20 20 *NK5G " 3,290 49 47 *KD6HOF " 208 13 13 *K7VAP " 38,088 178 138 NC8C " 173,826 293 222
*KJ4CNC " 870 30 30 *K5NMT " 1,749 35 33 *AC6VV " 176 11 11 *KØNG " 33,880 157 121 (OP: K8RR)
*KC4AUF " 442 17 17 *AF5CC " 224 14 14 *KM6HBH " 160 10 10 *WA7YXY " 32,922 156 118 AD8FD " 159,216 294 214
*AK4VQ " 360 12 12 *AE5AS " 40 10 10 *N3RC " 91 7 7 *W7FYW " 30,128 137 112 WA8Y " 151,646 269 226
*KC1JZC " 100 10 10 *K5IX " 16 4 4 *N6GP " 78 6 6 *N6ITY " 29,746 144 107 NV8N " 136,072 312 233
*K4ME " 12 2 2 *KI5MOO " 4 2 2 *KN6DRN " 36 10 9 *N7WS " 27,160 104 97 KE8NBC " 114,816 298 192
*WN4AFP 7 126,420 330 210 *KI5HXC 7 340 17 17 *AJ6RX " 36 6 6 *AF7NX " 26,862 148 111 KD8FS " 107,724 231 191
*KK4AND " 52,374 158 129 *K5WEL " 72 7 6 *W9CRJ " 15 5 5 *N7ESU " 24,341 112 101 N8HHG " 98,050 234 185
*AA4NP " 23,055 101 87 *AI6UW " 15 5 5 *N7UVH " 22,968 153 116 W8PT " 72,540 180 155
*KO4JZM " 782 23 23 District 6 *N6RM 21 4,995 52 45 *KE6K " 22,770 110 90 N8DE " 71,788 185 131
*N4JRG " 130 10 10 KK6P A 6,049,920 3016 920 *AA6W " 63 7 7 *K7STU " 20,646 128 93 K3JT " 67,192 270 148
(OP: W7IV) *NP4IW/KZ6 14 79,755 284 195 *WK7P " 19,089 118 101 WB8AKW " 64,972 197 148
District 5 NO6T " 5,458,732 3134 838 (OP: NP4IW/KZ6) *W7CXX " 18,318 97 86 KF8YC " 40,135 143 115
KD5JRY A 1,933,295 1721 637 (OP: KI6RRN @WA6TQT) *WA7BNM " 64,800 203 180 *N7XCZ " 17,028 109 99 WA8LRW " 39,440 129 116
NT5V " 1,500,132 1439 596 W6TK " 1,347,749 1384 559 *KG6DTZ " 1,674 31 31 *KD7HU " 14,996 121 92 KD8NKY " 37,089 126 117
K5RX " 1,406,727 1273 567 NC6R " 1,066,545 1472 519 *W6JLV " 1,102 31 29 *W7SO " 13,944 101 83 K8GL " 36,188 123 109
KK5I " 1,307,565 1769 593 WC6H " 849,372 892 444 *K6MUG " 775 33 31 *KI7WGA " 13,363 99 83 KD8BXE " 34,164 127 117
(OP: W5CW @K5CM) W6BRY " 597,632 818 406 *K6LW " 644 23 23 *K7DBN " 13,005 102 85 K8VUS " 28,662 106 102
KC5DI " 543,998 923 427 N6ZFO " 535,659 802 393 *AD6AD " 156 13 13 *N7PS " 12,070 100 85 ND8D " 27,820 128 107
AI5SF " 241,293 395 269 NN6DX " 496,463 688 373 *KK6LDH " 110 10 10 *K7YUR " 11,952 97 83 WC8VOA " 26,312 124 104
N5KWD " 240,254 491 262 (OP: W1PR) *N6EFR " 70 7 7 (OP: W7ZI) (OP: KB8ZYE)
N5YT " 197,208 341 249 KE8FT " 408,552 643 348 *AJ6ET " 28 4 4 *WB7UOF " 11,935 88 77 N5JED " 23,532 130 111
K5PAR " 174,432 379 237 WA6KHK " 391,884 536 339 *W6APH " 8 2 2 *N7DSX " 8,607 78 57 KA3CZY " 19,656 108 84
K5XS " 173,940 308 260 K6TQ " 374,720 508 320 *K6KQV " 2 1 1 *K7AEZ " 8,192 73 64 KA8ZEP " 16,320 81 80
W5GCX " 137,484 277 201 K6NR " 334,232 494 328 *K6PFN " 1 1 1 *KE7GKI " 7,875 83 63 WD8S " 12,780 74 71
W5GN " 127,008 240 189 AJ6V " 284,830 604 313 *KA9A 7 14,058 79 71 *KG7OH " 7,597 92 71 KE9L " 5,421 47 39
AA5H " 97,152 278 176 WX6V " 230,020 346 265 *KF6AHX " 4,165 52 49 *NL7D " 7,313 82 71 K8PK " 4,746 42 42
N5WNG " 94,977 238 183 N3FAA " 225,500 445 275 *K6TJ " 832 26 26 *AG7TH " 6,960 74 60 KX8D " 4,004 47 44
KT5J " 89,572 344 196 N6OKU " 198,927 501 279 *WZ6ZZ 3.7 851 25 23 *WN7Y " 6,955 73 65 W8RID " 2,272 34 32
(OP: K5TR) N6RV " 192,192 302 231 *K7HPN " 6,696 65 54 N5WCS " 468 14 13
N5VU " 78,888 206 173 KW6S " 167,206 350 218 District 7 *K6ST " 6,664 75 68 KB8DEX " 270 29 27
WD5CAY " 71,725 192 151 K6RC " 131,544 373 216 K2RD A 2,991,540 1958 730 *AI7DR " 6,612 74 58 KC8ZMN 21 297 11 11
N5XJ " 47,754 160 126 W8KA " 103,914 244 207 NR7DX " 2,564,550 1866 738 *N7AME " 6,566 76 67 W8WA 14 163,184 284 248
N5EE " 38,844 132 117 WE6Z " 95,744 305 187 (OP: N9RV) *AF7VC " 5,763 56 51 AB8YK " 2,325 32 31
N5LPT " 36,992 159 128 W6SX " 89,320 372 203 KA6BIM " 2,314,014 1446 678 *AC7AF " 5,412 53 44 W8EH 7 6,960 66 60
W2GS " 32,870 112 95 WI6X " 87,688 305 194 NC7M " 1,005,312 1115 528 *K6WDE/7 " 5,364 56 36 ND8DX 3.7 905,175 1008 447
KI5DHH " 31,178 169 131 W6HYI " 85,262 242 178 AD7JP " 726,160 990 464 *KB7AK " 5,152 61 56 NQ8O " 91 7 7
KF5GTX " 24,274 119 106 NT6X " 81,215 281 185 (OP: K2PO) *AD7MC " 4,929 66 53 *N8GLS A 475,650 520 350
NA5C " 19,176 163 102 AI6Z " 77,616 213 168 WW7E " 717,117 1079 437 *WI7J " 4,606 58 49 *WT8WV " 242,094 425 257
W1CQ " 17,578 110 94 N6TQ " 66,066 211 143 (OP: W7VO) *W7MTL " 4,230 61 45 *N8BV " 217,565 426 265
KW5KW " 14,444 115 92 W6FB " 61,908 227 154 AA6AA " 705,256 650 398 *AG7WI " 4,089 48 47 *K8LY " 204,480 351 240
K5YX " 12,464 97 82 N6KN " 59,568 181 136 W7XQ " 610,400 682 400 *KE7ZAC " 3,920 58 49 *AA8OY " 139,672 281 221
K5KJ " 11,375 66 65 NG6X " 59,080 211 140 NX1P " 564,332 754 386 *K1LOK " 3,486 43 42 *N8WCP " 100,782 340 198
AB9SJ " 6,588 60 54 K6LRN " 54,945 170 165 N7ZUF " 536,916 690 404 *NA7P " 3,354 54 43 *KE8LXN " 95,040 225 180
KG5IPA " 5,808 46 44 NF6A " 48,510 114 99 KI6QDH " 508,869 704 401 *KJ7GUI " 3,066 49 42 *AB8OU " 85,828 242 172
W5RCG " 4,268 46 44 (OP: K6XX @K6XX) AC7S " 362,615 744 347 *NØKRE " 2,993 48 41 *AC8JF " 72,332 216 169
N5KAE " 3,977 41 41 NT6Q " 37,960 192 130 KS7T " 314,760 675 344 *AC7CA " 2,736 42 38 *K8NW " 67,192 216 148
AD5XM " 2,775 42 37 (OP: N5ZO) KN7K " 271,161 502 297 *W7BL " 2,604 49 42 *NW7US " 56,980 172 140
KF5TWJ " 1,320 25 22 W6JBR " 28,428 137 103 WX7P " 253,968 470 286 *K7TM " 2,501 48 41 *K8RGI " 43,776 211 128
WM5Q " 874 20 19 WA6URY " 28,128 111 96 K7AR " 231,275 322 275 *AI7EQ " 2,496 37 32 *KE8BKP " 41,022 161 129
WA5CAM " 102 6 6 AF6SA " 27,612 135 117 W7YAQ " 230,260 319 290 *AB7DY " 2,496 42 39 *KW8KW " 37,248 147 128
KZ5MM 28 137,025 377 145 AG1RL " 21,808 109 94 WA7AN " 216,908 364 257 *WM7Z " 2,494 45 43 *W8KNO " 33,228 139 117
(OP: W5PR) (OP: W1SRD) (OP: K9DR) *KT7P " 2,451 43 43 *AA8SW " 31,944 144 121
WK5T 21 458,586 761 349 KN6CSB " 21,240 116 90 AC7GL " 189,000 338 252 *K1AUS " 2,337 45 41 *KØTEA " 29,155 161 119
(OP: N2IC) K6WV " 20,865 134 107 K9RZ " 171,350 369 230 *W7LRM " 2,046 39 33 *KE8PX " 28,888 96 92
WE6EZ " 64,860 193 138 KB6A " 17,595 100 85 WM9X " 101,094 377 203 *KD1ELK " 1,972 37 34 *AA8CL " 27,183 160 123
K5CKS 14 20,304 98 94 NI6W " 14,325 92 75 K7PAC " 88,822 247 178 *KI7VWP " 1,716 27 26 *W8KSC " 22,260 135 105
AF5MR " 2,107 49 43 (OP: W4EF) W7GYM " 84,994 248 182 *W8UK " 1,624 34 29 *W8TB " 21,528 116 104
N5RZ " 1,104 24 24 W6MOB " 13,425 85 75 WB7BBQ " 83,720 244 182 *KG7DAB " 1,530 38 34 *K7DR " 19,800 121 99
K5HPG " 2 1 1 K6MI " 13,330 81 62 AD7XG " 83,538 233 182 *KK7A " 1,333 36 31 *AC8WC " 19,475 124 95
WBØTEV 7 534,664 796 388 AI6MC " 7,920 80 66 N9NA " 81,588 197 156 *K6PSR " 1,326 37 34 *KE8E " 18,375 90 75
W5RJJ " 114,449 247 193 K6AAI " 7,076 61 58 K7VIT " 74,404 246 178 *K7BDP " 1,316 29 28 *KE8XH " 17,255 107 85
*K5FUV A 251,625 390 275 W6RKC " 6,636 61 42 NG7M " 64,480 207 160 *K7JKM " 1,300 31 25 *KD8VTT " 17,160 97 88
*KI5MM " 204,610 397 259 K8TR " 6,360 69 60 K7JQ " 59,748 223 156 *W7SY " 1,296 27 27 *KA8NJW " 16,910 108 89
*WA5JMZ " 170,500 391 250 KG6AO " 5,289 52 43 NO7R " 59,280 182 152 *K7JSG " 1,271 47 41 *AE8TF " 16,275 127 93
*KI5GNH " 160,160 337 224 NZ6G " 5,000 56 50 (OP: AA7V) *KJ7SEB " 1,260 31 30 *WO3X " 16,109 99 89
*K5XU " 139,821 323 223 N8JOE " 4,400 59 55 W7SS " 55,115 234 151 *KC7MAW " 1,218 31 29 *W4YPW " 9,048 74 58
*WB5N " 108,057 280 181 K6PAD " 3,960 47 44 WA7DUH " 50,022 145 126 *KK7GO " 1,008 28 28 *KD8SNZ " 8,494 83 62
*KE5LQ " 106,872 281 183 W1RH " 2,958 38 34 K7FYI " 49,968 181 144 *K7PT " 945 30 27 *WB8JAY " 8,052 70 61
*WA5LFD " 84,700 273 175 K6NA " 2,875 25 23 W7VJ " 47,784 149 132 *AG7GB " 912 28 24 *AD8AL " 5,782 56 49
*N5DTT " 79,655 211 179 K6MM " 1,548 36 36 KI7Y " 46,718 199 142 *N6TPT " 777 22 21 *WB8AXK " 5,472 61 57
*WB5BHS " 77,928 346 191 K6ZP " 1,020 36 34 WB6JJJ " 46,617 182 123 *N7OSR " 768 26 24 *NA8Q " 5,452 67 58
*N5DO " 62,212 217 151 KF6I " 324 9 9 AG7KO " 44,950 164 145 *KI7SRQ " 700 23 20 *K8BAT " 5,408 54 52
*W1MDM " 60,602 245 157 NY6N 14 694,386 995 462 WU6W " 39,928 176 124 *KX6X " 627 20 19 *WF8C " 4,600 67 50
*W5RAW " 51,925 224 155 (OP: W6YI) K7EKD " 37,000 152 125 *KI7PBR " 575 28 25 *N8MRS " 4,370 49 46
*WB5JJJ " 49,179 197 169 K6YK " 49,590 153 145 K6VHF " 36,784 192 121 *NG2G " 527 17 17 *W8NAT " 4,089 52 47
*WQ5R " 48,910 210 146 K6RO " 34,980 198 132 W7RIS " 34,282 150 122 *N7EKB " 525 21 21 *KE8OLJ " 3,871 54 49
*NN5T " 44,764 179 124 WF6C " 3,082 50 46 K7STO " 29,988 134 119 *N7TPR " 522 22 18 *AK2U " 3,870 48 45
*NT5SM " 40,741 193 131 (OP: N6XI) NE7D " 28,028 112 98 *WV7S " 420 16 15 *N8HKU " 3,783 43 39
*AB5KM " 36,736 145 128 W6AFA 7 906,108 974 402 W2HZ " 27,900 112 90 *KM7N " 391 17 17 *N8MZN " 3,696 57 56
*K5LGX " 34,650 171 126 W6XU " 120,480 238 160 W6KGP " 27,022 137 118 *KR2E " 390 14 13 *NF8M " 3,652 48 44
*AE5LQ " 30,414 137 111 W6IA " 3,420 36 36 WA7CPA " 26,640 139 111 *AI7CR " 360 19 18 *WS6K " 3,300 48 44
*WA5SOG " 29,869 161 119 K6TET " 4 2 2 W7GES " 26,100 103 90 *W5AJQ " 315 17 15 *N8PPF " 3,192 46 42
*WA5ZKO " 27,216 145 108 W6EU 3.7 380 19 19 WS7L " 25,410 112 105 *KJ7LAN " 252 15 14 *W8UD " 2,847 41 39
*KD5FBA " 24,396 153 107 *NG6O A 240,603 403 253 KG7QXE " 24,080 143 112 *KK7MA " 220 10 10 *W5KBW " 2,664 39 36
*KIØR " 23,856 152 112 *WN6K " 210,552 515 248 WD7E " 23,608 129 104 *K7LTF " 168 16 14 *KB8TUY " 2,368 43 37

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 95

*WB8YHD " 2,170 36 35 *KC9ACL " 4,806 59 54 *AEØLR " 1,242 27 27 *VA3NW " 350,840 441 245 Cuba
*N8CWX " 1,792 28 28 *N9UPU " 4,293 62 53 *KB9LLD " 1,215 27 27 *VE3VY " 292,058 351 239 CM2XN A 38,081 154 113
*W8NFM " 1,674 30 27 *W9VQ " 4,116 44 42 *KØEAP " 1,050 25 25 *VA3TPS " 291,798 379 234 *CO8NDZ A 923,212 947 443
*K8NZ " 1,624 32 29 *AC9XX " 3,825 54 45 *KD5FQF " 980 30 28 *VE3BX " 287,615 395 205 *CO8NMN " 173,259 281 207
*WT8E " 1,554 37 37 *KD9MDO " 3,600 37 36 *WBØGAG " 840 25 24 *VA3IDD " 282,498 350 239 *CO2VDD " 98,600 209 170
*KE8QEQ " 1,176 26 24 *WF9U " 3,520 46 44 *KEØEHW " 650 25 25 *VA3OKG " 257,868 329 234 *CO6HZ " 80,068 190 148
*KB8ZWT " 858 22 22 *N9LYE " 3,485 47 41 *WØWND " 459 21 17 *VA3WB " 255,488 322 256 *CO8WN " 52,026 164 138
*N8COM " 825 25 25 *K9PMV " 3,256 38 37 *KEØQGJ " 361 19 19 *VE3EPS " 184,015 286 247 *CO6WD " 37,632 121 98
*N8BAG " 432 16 16 *WA9LEY " 2,664 39 37 *NAØED " 352 16 16 *VE3IDT " 153,054 262 198 *CO6JEN " 7,920 56 48
*K8ALH " 385 11 11 *KC8OBH " 2,479 41 37 *KKØSD " 200 11 10 *VE3RVZ " 127,080 241 180 *CO8BYT " 2,077 34 31
*AB3DC " 378 21 18 *AE9LL " 1,740 30 29 *WB3IJZ " 96 6 6 *VE3XNS " 126,412 221 187 *CO6LE 21 56,442 177 138
*KD8ORN " 308 16 14 *KD9KNJ " 1,410 31 30 *N2RSC " 96 8 8 *VE3HZ " 102,296 195 152 *CO8AW " 8,514 72 66
*KA8SBI " 253 11 11 *K9AMP " 1,218 30 29 *KDØWUQ " 88 8 8 *VA3KRT " 97,128 186 152 *CO8RH 14 38,280 128 120
*AC8ZU " 171 9 9 *AB9YC " 1,188 27 27 *NØRGL " 30 5 5 *VA3UG " 81,663 188 163 *CM8JFL 7 26,752 84 76
*KV8Z " 152 8 8 *W9HO " 900 26 25 *AAØAW 21 3,939 40 39 *VA3DKL " 60,720 156 120 *CM2CHR " 11,956 62 61
*AD8DM " 70 9 7 *KD9KEQ " 777 21 21 *NXØI 14 21,216 155 102 *VA3IJK " 54,432 152 126 *CL2JR " 5,115 35 33
*KD8OSM " 20 5 4 *K9WPV " 720 21 20 *WKØP " 3,660 68 60 *VE3YTN " 48,970 118 118 *CO2JC " 960 17 16
*N8II 21 52,904 162 136 *W9ABK " 646 20 17 *KEØME " 1,088 37 34 *VA3DBT " 45,400 126 100 *CO2SG 3.7 5,698 38 37
*W8GOC 14 16,808 95 88 *KD9EBS " 627 21 19 *KBØJIT " 884 29 26 *VE3AXT " 43,648 132 128
*KM6Z " 10,087 88 77 *K9LA " 620 22 20 *WØPI " 572 22 22 *VE3ZDR " 37,583 120 91 Dominican Republic
*KD8JAM " 1,100 20 20 *K9KDE " 525 37 35 *KSØFD " 143 11 11 *VA3TV " 32,680 109 95 HI8RD A 3,525,984 1873 693
*NK8D " 966 23 23 *W9WB " 272 16 16 *KØMJS " 12 2 2 *VE3EL " 29,165 116 95 *HI3T A 3,025,269 1750 663
*N8TCP " 144 9 9 *W9SE " 220 11 11 *WØJOP " 4 2 2 *VA3RTG " 24,928 97 82 *HI6LT " 172,284 375 196
*NR8CW " 48 7 6 *N9OQC " 204 12 12 *NTØEE 7 722,982 1384 403 *VE3CNA " 19,558 84 77 *HI7SB " 53,190 169 135
*WA8YZB 7 3,723 62 51 *AA9RK " 81 9 9 (OP: NØHJZ) *VA3PAF " 18,060 95 84 *HI8ILK " 52,948 137 122
*KD8ZVO " 9 3 3 *NE9A " 72 8 8 *KZØUS " 198 10 9 *VE3EIB " 15,120 79 63 *HI8O 14 17,430 89 83
*W8WTS 1.8 180 12 12 *KB7ISP 28 1 1 1 (OP: W7RY) *VA3JHQ " 14,760 84 72 *HI8JSG 7 133,719 207 159
*KG9Y 21 4,680 46 39 *NGØC 3.7 35,154 190 126 *VA3EON " 13,504 75 64
District 9 *N9TGR 14 455,499 627 387 *NYØA " 570 21 19 *VE3EP " 12,284 87 74 Guadeloupe
WT2P A 3,236,904 2055 804 *W9TTY " 42 6 6 *VE3RKS " 11,346 68 61 FG4ST A 965,350 821 430
N2BJ " 2,155,120 1618 682 *W9JET " 42 6 6 Alaska *VE3DLS " 10,914 53 51 *FG5GP A 363,440 467 280
W9RE " 1,409,798 1105 559 *KD9OOL " 1 1 1 AL7LO A 397,528 528 316 *VA3BAH " 9,028 66 61
K2DRH " 1,329,978 1141 578 *KC9WIB " 1 1 1 AL7AF " 326,565 365 295 *VE3FZ " 8,642 62 58 Guatemala
AC9S " 1,104,600 1090 525 *K9CJ 7 61,632 183 144 KL7KK " 151,400 240 200 *VA3YI " 7,400 55 50 *TG9ANF A 1,276,352 1221 448
K9KE " 1,087,840 1123 523 *KD9LTN " 990 27 22 NL7V 14 379,080 425 351 *VE3MT " 4,932 45 36
NJ9R " 660,150 637 450 *KG9R " 672 21 16 AL1G " 189,818 432 214 *VE3XEM " 4,278 48 46 Martinique
W9KEY " 476,898 646 366 *K9MCK " 576 16 16 NL8F 7 43,524 113 78 *VE3KBI " 2,639 29 29 FM5BH A 8,663,640 3239 920
W9RN " 397,800 479 325 *KL4OB A 8,688 64 48 *VA3ONO " 2,368 32 32 TO1K 7 174,883 200 179
WB9TFH " 392,770 616 362 District Ø *KL7DE " 1,932 30 28 *VA3KFF " 1,584 24 24 (OP: S P9FIH)
AJ9C " 320,960 529 320 KBØEO A 1,530,320 1685 592 *KL2YE 14 7,353 60 57 *VA3FN " 1,500 25 25 *FM4SA 14 76,890 246 165
W9DZ " 320,512 442 313 WØPR " 938,792 1268 491 *KL1JP " 2,450 35 35 *VA3CBN " 1,060 21 20 *FM1HN 7 25,056 77 72
N9DR " 305,760 568 312 N9GB " 864,975 1065 475 *KL7LU " 60 5 5 *VA3XFE " 780 20 20
N9ZM " 299,684 392 308 WØMB " 729,300 886 429 *VA3KTT 14 510 17 17 Mexico
KB9ITE " 240,817 500 281 KØTT " 620,541 821 423 Barbados *VA3JFZ 7 1,824 26 24 XE1BRX A 173,653 357 211
W9JA " 238,844 357 284 N7WY " 569,772 617 399 8P1W A 335,064 448 276 *VE3PYJ " 1,024 17 16 XE1CKJ " 106,212 268 167
W9OP " 225,917 347 263 *VA3EC 3.7 1 1 1 XE2W " 40,228 149 113
WAØMHJ " 559,835 716 415
W9GT " 202,160 399 266 *VE3EDY 1.8 4 1 1 4A5E 21 278,317 530 271
KVØI " 457,671 933 373 Canada
WB8BZK " 166,944 392 222 WFØGM " 336,326 483 337 (OP: XE1EE)
K9UC " 166,105 349 239 (OP: KJØI) District 1 District 4 *XE2AD A 215,061 445 231
KG9N " 165,672 439 234 VE9CB A 9,034,808 2697 1048 VE4VT A 2,673,720 1693 504 *XE2AU " 123,880 309 190
ADØH " 286,232 555 296 VE4GV " 893,826 851 414
K9RU " 109,182 305 186 NØRN " 179,740 292 215 VY2WW " 3,602,628 1442 684 *XE2YWB " 48,230 166 130
WB9VGO " 98,010 219 162 VO1KVT " 740,138 616 406 VE4SG 14 75,988 238 157 *XE2OK " 29,432 115 104
KEØUI " 165,168 482 248 *VA4HZ A 148,500 279 180
KC9WAV " 89,708 194 164 NWØM " 151,800 499 230 VE9AA " 591,690 552 326 *XE2SSN " 22,320 105 90
K9CT " 83,772 195 179 VO1CH " 162,945 262 213 *VE4DL " 35,524 143 107 *XE1AY " 17,933 81 79
KKØGT " 149,904 371 216 *VE4GKM " 7,875 60 45
W9FFA " 74,970 191 170 VE9HF " 79,597 170 137 *XE1SVT " 12,320 64 56
NØGN " 147,200 357 230 *VE4WJM " 1,404 28 26
W9AP " 73,140 183 159 VA1CC " 49,410 135 135 *XE2JTS " 11,780 75 62
WTØO " 145,464 323 232
W9HT " 61,194 177 141 *VA1CQ A 251,566 330 238 *XE2B " 8,064 75 63
(OP: KØTI) District 5
NF9Z " 57,546 163 138 *VE1MM " 94,128 201 148 *XE2RT " 1,904 29 28
WØETT " 141,726 299 237 VE5MX A 1,046,925 711 495
ND9G " 56,471 167 149 *VY2GF " 67,060 156 140 *XE2MWY " 1,176 23 21
KBØMPV " 129,117 397 223 *VE9RLW " 42,602 140 119 VE5SKI " 351,830 421 302
NC9F " 55,998 208 153 KØMD " 111,938 326 194 *XE1RE " 540 16 15
(OP: KØPG) *VA1XH " 37,500 106 100 VE5CPU " 17,472 89 84 *XE1ZTW 28 12,312 80 57
NØUU " 92,393 227 197 *VY2LI " 15,696 83 72 *VE5GC A 61,320 191 120
K9CI " 36,057 132 119 *XE1SY " 4,452 54 42
WT7TT " 86,044 222 196 *VE9WRS " 5,440 46 40 *VE5SF " 47,859 142 129
AB9PR " 35,960 151 124 *XE1LIA " 4,403 47 37
(OP: WØZA) *VE9TNT " 3,456 42 36 *VA5KMG " 16,416 96 76
KC9EOQ " 33,110 135 110 *XE1CT 21 18,748 98 86
W7II " 85,504 236 167 *VA1JON " 2,294 32 31 *VE5WD " 3,952 45 38
NN1N " 25,802 139 97 *XE2N " 7,448 63 56
KC9K " 24,795 95 95 WXØZ " 73,616 213 172 *VY2AAA " 1,694 24 22 *VE5KS 14 47,460 146 140
NØKQ " 57,000 209 150 *XE1IM " 2,106 31 27
N9GUN " 18,343 91 83 *VE1SQ 14 88,025 193 175 *VE5SPR " 1,428 28 28 *XE1SPM 14 15,631 112 77
KA9GDW " 14,707 85 77 NØAT " 56,856 156 138 *VE9BWK " 495 15 15
KØRJW " 52,206 179 154 *XE1CIC " 5,916 55 51
WS9W " 12,915 75 63 *VE9ML 3.7 120,750 192 150 District 6 *XE2JS 7 93,324 194 132
KØTQ " 9,570 72 66 AEØA " 36,600 152 122 VE6WP A 1,488,840 1116 570
KC9BG " 7,598 62 58 WTØDX " 33,428 152 122 VE6FI " 1,405,386 1061 489
KA9OZP " 24,924 116 93 Panama
K9DUR " 3,916 50 44 District 2 (OP: VE6AQ) HP1XT A 59,605 182 131
KX9DX " 3,750 54 50 KØWPM " 17,442 157 102 VC2W A 7,633,944 2311 916 VE6UM " 791,505 781 429
(OP: KDØEZS) (OP: K2GO)
N5RP " 3,577 59 49 (OP: VA2WA) VE6IVN " 223,550 330 263 HP1ELV 28 1,548 32 18
KB9ORA " 2,546 40 38 KDØNPT " 16,182 97 87 VA2AM " 749,250 557 405 VA6MA " 209,280 348 240
WBØWIV " 14,175 81 81 *HP2BWJ A 35,420 146 110
NN9C " 1,377 29 27 VE2GSO " 667,080 690 360 VA6BGE " 112,710 240 170
N5KB " 12,193 109 89 *HP1GDS " 1,000 26 25
W9RCJ " 1,152 19 18 VE2CJR " 453,096 490 252 VE6KD " 103,415 210 185
WD5ACR " 11,457 82 67 *HP1RIS 21 37,605 137 115
K9STM " 816 18 17 VE2CSM " 435,845 428 305 VE6LQ " 63,744 174 128
WI9Z " 805 23 23 KO1Z " 8,791 61 59 VA2MP " 391,620 391 305 VE6FT " 20,884 103 92
WØOVM " 6,985 63 55 VE6CSX " 17,640 93 70
Puerto Rico
N9DJ 14 30,888 114 108 VE2PIB " 361,339 380 307 WP4X A 6,198,500 2369 805
W9ILY " 20,880 91 87 NØTEK " 6,572 65 62 VA2OBW " 91,200 192 160 VE6JEM " 2,175 34 29
NØAJN " 4,472 47 43 VE6SVN 14 50,874 176 139 WP4WW 7 82,917 186 111
K9BIZ " 14,774 86 83 VA2EBI " 23,180 96 95 (OP: KP4JRS)
KD9MS " 2,607 35 33 KCØUUT " 3,402 45 42 VA2QR " 7,497 50 49 VE6TWP " 4,416 48 46
KDØJLE " 3,348 38 36 *VA6DJ A 205,140 332 260 *WP3C A 5,313,936 2667 743
WB9AYW " 3 1 1 VE2GT 7 36 3 3 (OP: N2TTA)
KC9EE 7 3,444 49 42 AB4BA " 2,880 35 32 *VX2Z A 1,628,430 1037 510 *VE6AX " 27,000 108 90
N6RSH " 2,665 42 41 *VE6FRD " 25,230 110 87 *NP4ET " 135,513 297 189
W9IRQ " 1,073 30 29 (OP: V A2CZ)
AE2L " 1,944 26 24 *VE6SPS " 24,138 115 81 *NP3V " 71,994 182 142
K9FAA " 64 16 16 *VE2HIT " 261,360 337 242
AKØBC " 1,100 25 25 *VA6RCN " 7,293 56 51 *KP4VET " 63,700 150 140
K9NW 3.7 34,485 155 121 *VA2KD " 78,030 182 135
K9TWW " 253 14 11 (OP: VE3RCN) *WP4MPC " 47,616 124 124
*WK9U A 533,975 577 403 *VE2HEW " 45,815 156 119
WØGJ " 42 6 6 *VE2IAA " 30,970 115 95 *VE6RL " 1,856 33 32 *WP4OMQ " 46,480 137 112
*KBØV " 345,462 503 309 *WP4RF " 23,947 102 77
*N9TF " 231,231 394 273 WIØWA 14 2,853,600 2033 800 *VA2LRA " 19,240 84 65 *VA6DOK " 756 23 21
(OP: WØEWD) *VA2SCJ " 8,575 53 49 *VE6CA 14 435 15 15 *NP4VM " 18,240 97 76
*N7ZZ " 206,592 433 256
KØBBB " 317,856 447 352 *VE2OPL " 4,455 47 45 *WP3GW " 12,524 73 62
*N9UA " 202,839 342 273
K2KR " 544 17 17 *VE2HAY " 481 13 13 District 7 *NP3OT " 3,828 38 33
*W9QL " 177,568 399 248
WØPPF " 540 32 30 *VE2BXA " 385 11 11 VE7BV A 261,376 347 256 *WP4JD " 260 10 10
*N9SJ " 143,003 318 217 *KP4DQC 28 184 8 8
*K9PW " 123,478 316 214 *ACØW A 1,086,696 1192 516 *VE2AIU 14 442 13 13 VE7XT " 216,038 359 218
*WJØW " 262,548 679 297 VE7CV " 207,138 317 237 *WP4SD 21 1,511,928 1452 506
*W9YK " 72,488 228 164
*NY1V " 66,000 231 165 (OP: KH6XX/WØ) District 3 VA7TU " 122,776 236 206 *KP4RV " 176,800 379 221
*WB9HFK " 62,472 201 152 *K7VT " 169,684 387 236 VB3E A 13,008,549 3460 1167 VE7BNR " 41,965 141 109 *KP4DRB " 250 10 10
(OP: KØUK) (OP: V E3AT) VA7DX 21 32,421 143 101 *NP4TX 7 94,384 179 136
*WR9L " 62,160 194 140
*KD4ULW " 48,374 202 134 *NØYO " 141,828 333 223 VE3EJ " 11,951,160 3294 1128 VA7RR 14 1,483,146 1249 553 *KP4JFR " 76 4 4
*WT9Q " 47,996 194 142 *AI6O " 139,308 369 228 VC3T " 9,144,432 2624 1012 VA7GI " 21,185 107 95
*AC9TO " 44,133 192 141 *KØKX " 128,186 264 214 (OP: VE3DZ) VA7IR 1.8 3,741 38 29 St. Martin
*KA9JCP " 41,003 187 131 *KAØPQW " 114,948 373 206 VE3CX " 6,113,536 2377 832 *VA7BEC A 312,768 420 288 FS4WBS 14 3 1 1
*WA9PND " 38,907 148 131 *AD1C " 104,400 230 180 VX3LRL " 886,900 704 362 *VE7BC " 150,804 290 177
*KC9JML " 35,148 148 116 *NDØTS " 37,672 214 136 (OP: VE3LRL) *VA7ES " 24,426 105 69 U.S. Virgin Islands
*KB9OZI " 34,584 151 131 *AAØCW " 29,250 170 117 VE3TW " 579,490 514 347 *VE7CKF " 13,975 88 65 WP2Z A 2,992,672 1679 656
*KG9X " 32,604 134 114 *KØOP " 26,400 158 120 VE3NE " 538,047 487 313 *VA7EGZ " 7,344 60 51 (OP: K 9VV)
*WS9H " 28,296 129 108 *N9CD " 20,475 118 91 VA3WW " 514,080 502 315 *VA7JC " 6,795 57 45 KP2M " 2,100,336 1465 532
(OP: W9TC) *KEØITC " 20,176 100 97 VE3KTB " 462,260 452 290 *VE7BGP " 2,100 32 30 (OP: KT3Y)
*KYØQ " 27,904 145 109 *NØEMU " 18,308 130 92 VA3SB " 369,327 392 301 *VA7RYL " 1,520 22 20 *NP2X A 437,240 546 340
*KB9OWD " 27,610 133 110 *WØHBH " 16,926 124 93 VE3OJN " 362,666 379 298 *VE7ADA 14 240,264 365 284 (OP: WP3A)
*N9SB " 23,980 136 109 *KCØVDY " 15,675 123 95 VE3UZ " 337,020 358 274 *VE7TBN " 3,960 45 44 *NP2KW " 31,730 103 95
*WB9BWP " 23,328 128 108 *KØJJM " 15,604 116 94 VA3LR " 334,880 365 280 *VA7DBJ " 96 8 8 *KP2DX 7 42,336 109 96
*KY9IN " 22,310 118 97 *KCØIUY " 13,502 99 86 VE3ZZ " 291,828 336 249 (OP: KP2BH)
(OP: K9GX) *W7KAM " 12,874 99 82 VA3MW " 132,770 224 170 District 8
*W9IZ " 20,898 118 86 *KEØQKF " 12,640 88 80 VA3LUK " 105,844 213 188
*KE9SA " 18,240 118 95 *KDØWAN " 12,640 108 79 VA3PGL " 102,204 207 167
VY1XY A 570 19 19 AFRICA
*KD9HJR " 15,498 99 82 *KØSCO " 11,297 94 79 VA3CQG " 79,050 187 170 African Italy
*KD9OIN " 14,742 103 81 *KØMPH " 9,990 100 74 VA3XFC " 65,682 157 123 Cayman Islands *IH9YMC 21 37,744 123 112
*AJ9U " 13,280 104 80 *KCØDDZ " 8,250 103 75 VE3MXJ " 43,070 132 118 ZF5T 7 2,169,972 1069 474
*KD9ERS " 12,533 100 83 *AE3TB " 4,902 67 57 VE3DZP " 42,435 132 123 (OP: ZF9CW/K5GO) Ascension Island
*KD9LVR " 10,764 95 78 *KØDD " 4,662 45 42 VE3ETE " 12,596 73 67 *ZF2PG A 2,850,048 1856 576 *ZD8HZ 21 3,038 34 31
*AD5PR " 9,570 73 66 *KEØUNV " 4,617 67 57 VA3IK " 6,375 51 51 (OP: K 8PGJ) (OP: TA1HZ)
*AG9A " 8,996 55 52 *W6GMT " 3,807 58 47 VE3HED " 2,106 27 27
*WB9DAR " 7,865 83 65 *AEØS " 3,710 63 53 VE3FJ 14 80,931 182 159 Costa Rica Canary Islands
*AC9QM " 7,854 81 66 *NRØD " 3,621 55 51 VE3VN " 25,484 109 92 TI7W A 19,233,600 4814 1200 ED8W A 4,158,600 1677 725
*KD9NYE " 7,742 56 49 *KØVG " 3,024 40 36 VE3XKZ " 528 16 16 (OP: N3KS) EF8I " 1,835,872 1148 557
*KD9DBQ " 6,950 57 50 *KØDVT " 2,640 55 44 VE3BFU 7 75,746 147 121 TI2OY " 1,345,905 942 495 (OP: EA8TK)
*W9PI " 6,435 57 55 *N7SE " 2,394 46 42 *VE3PJ A 1,480,824 878 524 *TI2WMP A 191,470 318 205 EA8DGS " 33,088 109 94
*N9TO " 5,625 48 45 *KYØO " 1,820 36 35 *VA3PDX " 783,482 617 382 *TI4VAA " 41,032 96 92 EA8DGO 28 13,393 83 59
*K9FRO " 5,562 65 54 *WØSEI " 1,300 29 26 *VE3OTL " 560,625 516 345 *TI3ATS " 4,068 40 36 EA8UK " 310 11 10
*KC9YL " 5,355 49 45 *AEØEE " 1,288 28 28 *VE3WG " 403,920 435 297 *TI2YO 14 19,135 120 89 EA8CDG 21 605,264 576 362

96 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

EA8DHV 14 758,205 701 415 *RG8U " 25,017 110 93 *BA3MM " 6,490 88 59 Israel JJ2CJB " 171,912 324 228
EF8K " 193,377 317 219 *R9WEI " 23,712 85 76 *BD7MHZ " 6,486 67 46 4X7R A 8,669,376 2964 928 JR2PMT " 116,708 233 179
(OP: EA8DET) *RU9CK " 13,968 76 72 *BH6KOK " 5,734 58 47 (OP: 4X6FR) JG2REJ " 39,200 141 98
*EC8AQQ A 745,695 653 365 *RD8O " 1,584 24 24 *BG6WA " 5,610 66 51 4X1IM " 1,017,163 756 439 JA2HYD " 27,666 131 87
*EA8AM " 636,835 522 335 *RV9UCN 21 68,766 176 157 *BG7SPN " 4,485 52 39 4XØA 21 1,124,458 853 466 JH2BTM " 14,430 84 65
*EA8BQM " 377,400 402 255 *RZ9YN " 62,495 173 145 *BA3MC " 4,277 67 47 (OP: 4 X1VF) JE2PCY " 10,317 67 57
*EA8DGY " 164,451 231 191 *RA9SF " 38,040 129 120 *BH4ESK " 4,100 47 41 4Z4AK 14 4,125,668 1825 796 JA2JWH " 6,572 69 53
*EA8CYU " 161,570 293 214 *R9VA " 1,426 24 23 *BI3MXN " 4,029 65 51 4X6HX 7 1,788,900 722 445 JF2OHQ " 3,135 53 33
*EA8OM " 96,714 179 162 *RU9I 14 510,720 518 399 *BD7IOP " 3,822 56 39 4Z5LY " 70,416 118 108 JE2WLD " 2,210 31 26
(OP: DJ1OJ) *RZ8U " 179,096 324 244 *BD3QT " 3,696 54 48 *4X1ST A 384,084 412 282 JR2ALA " 84 7 7
*EA8AQV " 94,848 188 156 *UA9CUA " 134,070 235 218 *BH7ACO " 3,315 43 39 *4X6DK 21 99,475 207 173 JH2KKW 28 4,100 50 41
*EB8AC " 73,556 184 148 *RA9APG " 120,972 245 204 *BH3UZY " 3,315 47 39 *4Z5MV " 17,901 81 81 JE2OTM " 2,044 35 28
*EA8CTK " 18,445 89 85 *RA9W " 73,920 190 160 *BG5GLV " 2,432 43 38 *4Z5LA " 14,718 79 66 JA2KQE 14 35,728 148 116
*EA8W " 12,139 73 61 *R9VK " 48,146 150 133 *BG6QAL " 2,208 42 32 *4Z5UN 7 1,880,703 740 471 JR2BCF " 1,539 27 27
*EA8A " 5,460 51 39 *RZ9P " 25,756 106 94 *BGØCAB " 1,972 34 29 JG2CNZ 7 42,275 110 89
*EA8CQW " 3,885 37 35 *UA9AV " 16,198 94 89 *BD7LMA " 1,950 34 26 Japan JA2PFO " 30,624 98 87
*ED8B 28 40,128 146 96 *RA8AI " 273 13 13 *BH6ODC " 1,920 41 32 JA2GTW " 21,735 67 63
*RM8W " 220 10 10 *BG9DSG " 1,428 49 42
District 1 JR2WLQ " 14 2 2
(OP: EA8TR) JQ1BVI A 1,331,622 978 522
*UA9SMU 7 236,964 226 196 *BH9DSS " 1,150 32 25 *JG2RFJ A 102,672 265 144
*EA8DGC " 5,600 58 35 JE1RXJ " 286,418 464 277 *JA2GHP " 25,290 135 90
*EA8AUW " 440 14 11 *UA9DY " 9,196 44 44 *BG6SZD " 870 38 30
JH1HIC " 243,636 373 237 *JA2KPW " 24,735 119 85
*EB8AH 21 4,835,198 2039 818 *R9WT 3.7 473,430 346 258 *BH4CAC " 770 24 22
JH1OLB " 186,224 344 226 *JR2MIO " 18,648 109 72
(OP: EA8AH) *R9RA " 71,530 126 115 *BH2SWB " 756 23 21
JH1NBN " 169,455 315 195 *JH2XQY " 18,423 95 69
*EA8CZX " 7,038 52 51 *RA9MX " 4,770 31 30 *BGØAVI " 736 26 23
JE1LFX " 135,966 260 186 *JF2VAX " 6,960 51 48
*EA8CZK 14 169,535 297 205 *BD7BW " 592 19 16
District Ø JE1FQV " 118,296 241 186 *JE2BOM " 5,043 49 41
*EA8DKA 7 2,346 23 23 *BD7MCP " 585 16 15
JF1LMB " 78,260 234 130 *JR2KQE " 2,656 41 32
UAØSU A 1,186,180 899 508 *BG5GDP " 561 21 17
RAØQD " 873,712 993 464 7K4VPV " 74,646 209 143 *JS2FZH " 1,825 33 25
Cape Verde *BG4JO " 504 25 21
JA1XRA " 48,970 137 118 *JI2IXA " 1,449 25 21
*D44PM A 53,277 148 129 RWØUM " 411,432 749 316 *BD2IAQ " 486 29 27
JH1CTV " 46,659 174 103 *JJ2TKX " 1,120 34 28
RØAGY " 260,154 385 298 *BD7MTJ " 308 14 11
JQ1CIV " 38,064 143 104 *JR2KHB " 608 22 19
RAØACM " 95,460 225 185 *BG3UFC " 270 16 15 *JS2PHO 28 420 17 12
Ceuta & Melilla RYØA " 48,133 160 127 *BH3DBF " 260 14 13
JQ1UXN " 20,519 109 71
*EA9ACL A 37,506 106 94 JA1CJP " 11,124 68 54 *JA2KKA 21 338 14 13
RAØLQ " 32,076 122 99 *BI1EIH " 99 9 9 *JH2JNU " 96 6 6
*EA9ACD 14 106,066 210 181 RAØLMO " 1,276 31 29 JM1PIH " 9,858 69 53
*BH8MDV 28 136 9 8 *JH2UVB 14 2,014 43 38
RDØA 21 549,445 547 395 JR1JCB " 6,016 57 47
*BH7PCT 21 135,120 347 240
Kenya RNØA " 189,202 320 247 *BG8PM " 45,234 153 126
JH1APK " 5,029 49 47
5Z4VJ A 166,770 259 218 JR1EMO " 3,627 47 39 District 3
RØWC " 95,900 224 175 *BG8BXM " 14,892 94 73 JA3AOP A 485,444 517 314
RØAA " 33,787 125 113 7M2FTR " 3,239 52 41
*BI7JMD " 7,812 76 62 JA3QOS " 196,600 346 200
Madeira Islands RKØUN " 3,102 54 47 JE1CWQ " 2,842 34 29
*BH4OUF " 3,649 43 41 JH3OXM " 86,520 248 140
CQ3W A 9,337,752 2860 954 UCØA 14 230,384 333 272 JA1UXV " 2,121 26 21
*BG8TFN " 2,262 40 29 JE3VRJ " 53,675 155 113
(OP: DF7EE) UAØUV " 50,764 175 148 JS1NDM " 1,675 26 25
*BH4BUI " 2,184 32 28 JA3KKE " 52,020 173 102
CT3KN " 5,617,425 1985 825 RØQAF " 21,942 121 106 JH1DGJ " 1,596 26 21
*BG7XWF " 2,040 36 30 JF3DCH " 37,736 146 89
CT3HF 21 358,561 441 283 RAØAM " 19,313 91 89 JK1UVL " 1,060 21 20
*BI7LVN " 1 1 1 JL3RDC " 33,908 137 98
RKØUT " 7,020 78 65 JA1IAW " 700 21 20
*BI4WNZ " 1 1 1 JE3RMQ " 31,360 145 98
Mauritius *RAØOU A 208,464 379 258 JA1UOA " 128 8 8
*BH3ERS 14 1,833 45 39 JA3LEZ " 28,925 129 89
3B8CW A 17,640 83 72 *RAØLE " 17,415 104 81 JA1YKX " 36 6 6
*BD4HZX " 1,404 28 26 JA3LIL " 18,549 103 81
*RUØLL " 6,656 60 52 JJ1RDX 28 1,078 27 22
*BH1HWF " 1,247 31 29 JA3IBU " 11,700 73 60
Morocco *RØCDO " 1,560 36 30 JR1IJV " 105 7 7
*BD4RDU " 1,176 28 28 JK1WSH 21 3,861 47 39 JP3UBR " 9,338 83 58
*CN8YZ A 161,766 264 198 *RMØW 28 8 2 2 *BG2KSI " 768 26 24 JR3UIC " 1,924 32 26
*CN8YE 21 66,102 167 138 *RAØUJ 21 6,528 66 64 7K4GUR " 3,240 41 40
*BH8OCW " 84 8 7 JF3KCH " 1,152 29 24
*CN8DEM 14 84,240 192 156 *RØSBZ " 243 9 9 JQ1PCT " 108 6 6
*BA7LFI " 72 6 6 JA3XOG 28 832 18 16
*CN8PA " 11,520 68 64 7K4XNN 14 60,298 207 146
*RØCW 14 65,920 266 160 *BG6RJN " 63 7 7 JO3DDD 21 116,234 329 178
*UCØC " 50,078 217 146 JK1NJH " 40,300 143 124
*BA3AX " 24 4 4 JR3RIY " 66,138 215 146
Namibia *RØUO " 3,486 43 42 JH1OAI " 21,032 99 88
*BH6JFR " 16 4 4 JN3MXT " 143 11 11
*V51MA A 116,314 258 187 JN1THL " 16,684 94 86
*BG2JET " 8 4 4 JA3VOV 14 2,046 36 33
Asiatic Turkey JH1ACA " 5,300 58 53
*BG8GAM 7 117,045 169 153 JK1HIY " 1,219 23 23 JF3LOP 3.7 14,129 100 71
Reunion Island TA7OM A 5,761,482 2091 762 *BH1MCB " 21,789 110 81
JG1LHB " 814 23 22
*JL3VUL/3 A 104,775 305 165
FR4QT A 90,954 212 163 TA5BS " 11,172 53 49 *BI4VIP " 95 6 5 *JA3EBT " 13,600 106 68
TA3AWB " 854 15 14 JG1TUC " 128 10 8 *JA3PYH " 11,716 84 58
*BG3KKZ " 30 3 3 JA1LNZ 7 47,627 101 97
Senegal TA3MTM " 390 10 10 *BH4FCY " 24 3 3 *JA3PFY " 9,384 72 51
6W1QL A 3,990 41 35 JK1BAB 3.7 9 3 3 *JP3JUV " 4,520 57 40
TA2DE 14 57,951 159 137 *BG4GOV 3.7 4,830 60 46
TA4IGN " 8,909 61 59 *JH1EAQ A 548,114 585 329 *7J3AOZ " 3,182 47 37
*BH1HUK " 748 25 22
South Africa TA3E 3.7 486 9 9 *8J17CALL " 128,502 393 198 *JH3GMI " 1,440 38 32
*BI4SDT " 575 29 23
ZS1OPB A 339,365 429 299 *TA7I A 1,328,992 883 476 (OP: 7K1VKU) *JA3KDJ " 832 16 16
*BH4AYG " 364 14 14 *JI1ALP " 97,774 231 166
ZS2ABE " 112,266 183 162 *TA9J " 517,428 504 324 *BD4SBH " 49 8 7 *JF3BFS 21 166,452 362 194
ZS6TVB 21 1,406,600 914 541 *JA1GQC " 61,869 216 123 *JA3JRI " 9,735 83 55
*TA4RC " 343,116 329 243 *BG6GQE 1.8 50 5 5 *JF1WNT " 56,870 164 121
ZS2HR " 12,870 71 66 *TA2IJ " 259,831 387 253 *7L3ETZ/3 " 5,680 56 40
Cyprus *JG1XIO " 43,792 183 119 *JJ3KPS " 5,014 51 46
*ZS2EC A 12,212 82 71 *TA2E " 166,656 255 192 *JG1FML " 39,576 136 102
*ZS6US 21 8,607 59 57 *TAØACL " 161,280 231 180 P3X A 13,350,563 3560 1061 *JQ3BPQ " 987 23 21
(OP: 5B4AMM) *7K1CPT " 35,600 152 100 *JJ3IUS " 722 20 19
*ZS2G " 2,490 31 30 *TA2BS " 94,416 210 168 *JH1BHW " 34,790 160 98
*TA7OYG " 92,535 193 155 C4W " 10,235,300 3054 950 *JA3RAZ " 1 1 1
(OP: 5B4WN) *JR1QBA " 22,052 109 74 *JA3UWB 14 9,702 70 63
St. Helena *TA2L " 55,692 144 119 *JJ1IMG " 19,345 102 73
ZD7BG A 427,050 448 325 *TA7LDU " 53,928 144 107 P3C " 2,400 26 24 *JF3IYW " 5,777 57 53
5B4KH 21 2,036,880 1328 540 *JP1GUW " 17,886 99 66 *JG3XDR " 4,224 54 44
*TA2OLS " 36,064 112 98 *JA1SCE " 12,663 85 67
*TA3P " 28,044 95 82 C44C " 730,303 717 361 *JR3JRI 7 130 5 5
ASIA *TA3DJ " 27,846 100 91 (OP: 5B4AHJ)
*JK1AKP
*JJ1MBU
"
"
11,077
8,200
71
72
53
50
*JL3DQX 1.8 4 2 2
Afghanistan *TA7EB " 23,157 98 83 5B4AIF 7 2,876,126 964 547
(OP: 5B4AIE)
*JP1LRT " 7,905 64 51 District 4
T6A A 4,357,685 1926 733 *TA4ORZ " 15,264 79 72 *JI1RSF " 7,824 59 48 JH4UYB A 4,371,210 1654 765
(OP: S53R) *TA7LZB " 4,560 44 40 *5B4APL 14 119 7 7 *JK1PTW " 3,102 34 33 JH4UTP " 1,404,548 958 482
*TA2UCT " 4,032 28 28 *JE1RRK " 2,960 40 37 JA4CZM " 137,433 275 183
Asiatic Russia *TA3EP " 714 18 17 Georgia *JJ1ILX " 2,670 36 30 JI4WHS " 112,752 289 162
District 9 *TA4SO " 666 19 18 4L7ZS A 61,623 155 123 *JR1MRG " 1,738 25 22 JO4IPQ " 57,902 192 131
RM9I A 12,818,988 3252 1118 *TA8BZ " 180 9 9 4L8A 14 2,279,496 1322 629 *JR1JRW " 1,400 27 25 JE4USZ " 56,991 172 121
UB8A " 8,173,308 2442 866 *TA2NC 21 101,136 250 147 *JL1GPG " 1,225 33 25 JH4CPC " 30,189 95 87
(OP: UA9BA) *TA2IB " 38,961 141 117 Hong Kong *JH1HMC " 840 25 20 JA4KTG " 918 19 17
RK9AX " 2,191,492 1189 596 *TA2BW " 5,593 49 47 VR2T 28 109,674 409 162 *JI1LAI " 555 15 15 JE4ADO " 312 12 12
R8TT " 1,996,748 972 494 *TA4AU 14 96,560 206 170 (OP: VR2XAN) *JK1NSR " 507 17 13 JA4BEV 21 60 8 6
RO9A " 1,129,482 772 479 *TA2RG " 76,156 194 158 *VR2BLEE 28 14,800 164 74 *JF1DWJ " 374 19 17 JG4AKL 14 194,670 319 270
RX9WN " 707,765 595 401 *TA3ST " 41,690 145 110 (OP: VR2ZQZ) *JK1MLY " 364 18 14 JM4WUZ " 54,528 176 142
RZ9WU " 388,224 406 288 *TC5OCK " 2,848 33 32 *VR2EH 21 1,016,004 1003 516 *JN1GNL " 126 8 7 JA4AFT " 11,016 86 81
RA9AAA " 122,584 238 199 *TA2MCD " 585 15 15 (OP: VR2ZQZ) *JK1CEK " 98 10 7 *JE4MHL A 58,566 179 129
R8UT " 116,813 243 199 *TA1ATW/3 " 546 14 13 *VR2HKS 14 7 7 7 *JA1JNM " 77 8 7 *JH1MTR/4 " 23,134 116 86
RO9O " 109,890 239 198 *YM2KBI " 341 11 11 (OP: V R2UNG) *JF1OPO " 66 6 6 *JN4ESD " 4,386 55 43
R9UA " 79,864 191 149 (OP: TA2MCD) *7M3RFZ " 28 5 4 *JA4GZK " 2,077 35 31
RW8T " 71,318 192 169 *TA4CS 7 20,590 63 58 India *JR1USU " 24 4 4 *JH4RUM " 462 16 14
RU9SB " 53,110 137 113 *TA4LSM " 238 7 7 VU2DED A 365,638 478 287 *JH1HHP " 24 3 3 *JH4PUS 21 2,059 35 29
RK9AY " 49,368 160 132 *TA2TC 3.7 1,656 18 18 VU2GRM " 114,003 260 159 *JH1DWQ " 8 2 2 *JR4LRY " 312 14 13
R8TA " 37,500 146 125 *TA4AHV " 897 13 13 VU2IVV " 95,284 231 166 *JA1QIF 28 1,920 32 24 *JH4CES 3.7 990 19 18
R9CC " 26,754 109 98 VU2IBI 28 50 6 5 *JF1OVA " 1,408 26 22
RZ9OQ " 26,264 105 98 China VU2MIB 21 8,154 61 54 *JA1MYW " 1,260 28 21 District 5
RN9T " 375 15 15 B7M A 1,173,744 1016 494 VU2GPE " 459 29 27 *JL1EEI " 585 19 15 JJ5IYC A 3,799 33 29
RW9USA 21 1,739,460 1131 636 (OP: BA7NO) VU2YQ 14 6,441 65 57 *7J1YAD " 192 8 8 *JA5SUD A 68,340 202 134
RW9DX " 1,243,263 993 511 BA7LOK " 623,502 792 402 VU2YVK 7 145,533 230 139 *JJ1LBJ 21 21,538 112 89 *JH5FTY 28 60 5 4
RA9V " 294,325 387 305 (OP: BD7IXG) VU2JF 3.7 1 1 1 *7N2UQC " 20,962 121 94 *JH5HDA 14 36 5 4
RK8I " 80,445 207 173 BD4QA " 192,895 448 223 *VU3NPI A 392,832 484 341 *JA1RYC " 15,038 98 73
UA9CTT " 7,905 55 51 *JM1LAW " 12,152 90 62 District 6
BH7PFH " 180,456 381 219 *VU3ESV " 73,030 170 134 JA6EML A 118,503 265 189
RA9Y 14 5,265,931 2105 983 BH4SCF " 163,496 432 214 *VU3GDS " 39,325 145 121 *JR1AKD " 7,000 62 50
*JG1UKW " 5,720 60 44 JH6QFJ " 56,277 156 117
RA9AU " 1,163,712 786 551 BY1AS " 141,568 343 224 *VU2SMS " 30,644 128 94 JA6BWH " 43,146 151 102
RA9SDT " 539,805 541 371 (OP: BH1NSN) *VU2BGG " 18,720 104 80 *JS1WWR " 3,640 47 40
*JG1VPT " 377 13 13 JA6MWW " 22,800 122 75
RX9CM " 179,520 310 240 BG6SNJ " 94,380 278 195 *VU3XLC " 8,906 68 61 JE6WGT " 18,980 110 73
RA9JM " 106,785 229 189 BG7JJW 21 345,779 499 329 *VU2OCA " 8,758 86 58 *JJ1PZY " 276 13 12
*JA1DBG " 150 18 15 JA6FEG " 5,070 42 39
R9AE " 85,360 193 176 (OP: BD7KBB) *VU2BQN " 6,713 59 49 JA6GMC 28 952 24 17
R9CD " 59,004 164 149 BY5HB " 27,108 141 108 *VU2UUU " 5,568 60 48 *JA1LKY " 36 6 6
*JA1MJN " 4 2 2 JG6SRB 14 33,796 142 119
RZ9YI " 119 7 7 BG9NJY " 16,320 88 80 *VU3SPD " 1,976 32 26 *JA6ONQ A 26,970 120 87
RU9AC 7 96,720 144 130 BD7IS 14 177,386 479 242 *VU2JRO " 184 9 8 *JR1LNM " 3 1 1
*JJ1ENZ 14 43,824 148 132 *JH6QIL " 22,222 110 82
*UA9R A 1,353,366 854 467 BI4WRI " 19,879 159 103 *VU3OBO " 119 7 7 *JE6KFN " 16,425 106 73
*R9YU " 879,168 772 482 (OP: BD4HZX) *VU3CQA " 115 31 23 *7K3CZU " 2,257 41 37
*JF1RYU " 736 16 16 *JS6UGC " 14,528 89 64
*RT9S " 508,305 483 309 BG2VIA " 6,018 70 59 *VU2CWB " 35 5 5 *JE6OXU " 3,840 56 40
*R9YBW " 311,933 446 311 *7K4TKB " 646 18 17
BD2RJ " 680 20 20 *VU2BOT " 35 5 5 *JA1FFB " 312 14 13 *JH6IAG " 1,708 33 28
*UA9MA " 263,299 331 251 BA4DL 7 26,325 82 75 *VU3SIO " 14 8 7 *JE6PJP " 160 10 10
*JG1GCO " 300 13 12
*RX9CCJ " 244,244 335 244 BG4FRZ " 17,925 112 75 *VU3WBB 21 75,543 207 149 *JE6JZP " 98 9 7
*JE1GWO " 77 7 7
*UI8C " 204,982 296 226 *BH7JUO A 242,352 525 264 *VU3ION " 6,240 54 48 *JA1CCH 7 2,574 30 26 *JG6VBG " 30 17 15
*R9YC " 163,836 297 222 *BH3WNL " 149,720 364 197 *VU3PQN " 65 5 5 *JH1RDU " 1,232 17 16 *JH6WHN 28 705 19 15
*UA9CAW " 154,632 238 204 *BG5BAA " 142,290 275 170 *VU3XIO " 30 4 3 *JL1CNY " 280 8 7 *JA6CDC " 352 12 11
*RZ9UO " 145,521 270 207 *BH4AAD " 94,180 306 170 *VU3LWE " 25 5 5 *JA1CHY " 216 6 6 *JA6WFM 21 54,016 188 128
*UA9JNT " 110,656 221 182 *BI4SZP " 58,752 215 136 *VU2HNN " 3 1 1 *JK1DVP " 112 7 7 *JG6VMO " 304 17 16
*RT9YA " 105,780 207 164 *BH3DHE " 42,066 189 114 *VU3DXL 14 972 32 27 *JH1EYM " 18 3 3 *JE6ETZ " 90 10 9
*UB8AAT " 90,405 184 147 *BI8DHZ " 30,740 156 106 *VU2JXL " 322 19 14 *JJ1OXT " 8 2 2 *JE6PVG " 8 2 2
*RT9YT " 85,794 212 158 *BD7LNE " 24,255 142 99 *VU2VUV " 253 13 11 *JA1KJC 3.7 944 16 16 *JA6GCE 14 553,839 563 429
*RZ9WA " 78,694 180 146 *BH4FBB " 13,108 85 58 *VU2JOS " 99 9 9 *JE1SPY 1.8 3,128 67 46 *JE6WOQ " 3,995 51 47
*R9OAZ " 42,237 143 117 *BH4TQX " 11,343 75 57 *VU2ISH " 50 6 5 *JA6FCL " 860 21 20
*R9AM " 41,912 142 124 *BD5IQ " 11,125 112 89 *VU2TO " 16 4 4 District 2
*RM9RZ " 41,820 141 123 *BH7JFR " 10,920 94 65 *VU3ULP " 9 3 3 JF2QNM A 592,382 589 323 District 7
*RC9AR " 39,360 114 96 *BG8FZU " 10,854 91 67 *VU3LMS " 1 1 1 JA2XCR " 528,212 501 332 JA7NVF A 1,724,268 1076 546
*UA9JFH " 34,992 127 108 *BA4IT " 10,400 83 65 *VU2UI " 1 1 1 JF2FIU " 347,040 526 288 JH7QXJ " 205,865 329 197

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 97

JG7AMD " 75,118 170 142 *HL2ASZ " 230 10 10 *ED6E 7 1,800 32 30 LZ2VU 3.7 1,593,670 1216 598 *OK6AB " 15,664 93 89
JM7SKE " 70,072 202 152 *HL2CFY 21 7,222 65 46 (OP: EA6AKN) *LZ7X A 1,722,688 1459 704 *OK2GU " 14,415 107 93
JA7OWB " 46,852 145 106 *HL5YI 14 324 13 12 *LZ5RD " 134,442 328 231 *OK1WSL " 14,276 98 86
JF7PHE " 10,560 65 55 *6K2ILX 7 1,782 29 27 Belarus *LZ1UBO " 120,280 312 248 *OK1ZHV " 8,880 87 80
JN7TAN " 2,156 31 28 EW2A A 2,140,820 1400 740 *LZ3SD " 106,148 296 223 *OK1TK " 5,915 65 65
JA7OWD 28 15,330 109 70 Saudi Arabia EU5C " 797,070 754 489 *LZ1D " 103,390 273 211 *OK1JOC " 4,998 52 51
JA7QVI 14 352,930 461 290 HZ7C A 4,031,518 1688 743 (OP: EW1I) (OP: LZ2HT) *OK1TVL " 2,774 38 38
JO7KMB " 48 4 4 (OP: 7Z1SJ) EW8DX " 558,728 733 422 *LZ1YE " 69,287 194 193 *OK1XTN " 2,583 42 41
JH7MQD 7 391,680 366 240 *HZ1TT A 3,593,294 1572 622 EW3W " 156,078 362 261 *LZ2ZY " 40,535 135 121 *OK1PFM " 2,356 39 38
*JA7HYS A 139,680 278 194 *HZ1BW " 1,208,070 906 465 EW3LN " 6,027 52 49 *LZ5PL " 27,306 134 123 *OK1DLX " 1,972 31 29
*JA7BEW " 88,637 220 151 *HZ1SK 28 96,900 226 150 EU1AA 28 144 12 9 *LZ18ANT " 1,250 28 25 *OK2BND " 1,782 35 33
*JH7SSJ " 42,401 135 109 EW1TZ 14 18,414 100 99 *LZ2JU " 266 14 14 *OK7R 21 34,239 127 101
*JA7KED " 15,762 104 74 Singapore EV1R 7 1,388,736 1089 576 *LZ1NG 28 6,348 56 46 (OP: OK1TNM)
*JA7ZP " 988 23 19 9V1YC A 1,141,569 934 429 EW1M 3.7 615,081 712 421 *LZ9V 21 201,721 389 263 *OK2ABU " 176 8 8
*JA7SSP " 600 15 15 9V1CD 7 127,116 234 108 EW4A " 66,584 208 164 *LZ6E " 143,412 294 222 *OK1NYD 14 170,800 392 280
*JP7OQS " 360 16 15 *9V1KG A 135,196 318 146 EU4E 1.8 334,482 507 321 (OP: LZ1GU) *OK2BZE " 96,096 275 224
*JR7ASO " 126 10 9 *9V1KB " 28,835 120 79 *EU6DX A 158,735 330 265 *LZ3DJ " 1,885 29 29 *OK1K " 61,944 212 178
*JF7VVL 21 1 1 1 *9V1BC " 9,506 83 49 *EW1P " 100,485 313 231 *LZ2JA 14 219,784 584 332 (OP: OK1XOE)
*JH7IQQ 14 23,959 113 97 *9V1ZV " 8,856 73 41 *EW8MZ " 99,910 253 194 *LZ7EA " 12,445 107 95 *OK1CLD " 48,600 200 162
*JH7XVB 7 3,444 30 28 *9V1DE " 3,132 34 27 *EW8LM " 98,056 265 206 *LZ7M 7 10,416 63 62 *OK2DIK " 47,304 200 162
*JH8CLC/7 " 4 2 2 *9V1PL " 9 10 9 *EW7B " 57,135 242 195 (OP: L Z5VK) *OK1MMN " 15,752 101 88
*9V1HY 14 1,804 30 22 *EW8OP " 43,660 211 148 *LZ1G " 1,890 30 30 *OK1FIA " 11,352 86 86
District 8 *9V1BD " 1 1 1 *EW7DK " 22,763 111 103 (OP: LZ5RG) *OK1JDJ " 2,550 51 50
JA8COE A 2,033,676 1127 612 *EW8RX " 18,840 126 120 *OL9R 7 2,131,862 1229 674
JA8RUZ " 465,684 616 302 Taiwan *EU1TL " 9,125 87 73 Corsica (OP: OK6RA)
JA8IJI " 130,526 258 187 BU2EQ A 117,425 377 175 *EW4R " 7,991 61 61 *TK4TH A 38,400 148 128 *OK7NV " 7,308 63 58
JA8TGD " 10,773 67 57 BV2LA " 20,916 118 84 *EW1OK " 2,470 38 38 *OK5D " 364 14 13
JG8TDZ 28 84 8 6 BW2/JP1RIW 21 3,738 51 42 *EU2MM 14 89,673 293 213 Crete (OP: OK1DTP)
*JA8RWU A 164,780 342 214 BV4VQ 14 435 15 15 *EW4GL " 86,088 250 211 SV9OFS A 67,297 226 173 *OK1AY 3.7 700,375 812 431
*JM8FEI " 15,840 97 72 *BU2EP A 104,536 279 179 SV9JI " 28,427 172 131 *OL4W " 528,066 719 381
*JK8PBO " 15,504 101 76 *BV3DR " 7,906 71 59 Belgium SV9COL 21 22,102 101 86 *OK2VV " 139,104 340 224
*JK8CEE " 2,414 35 34 *BU2EF " 6,716 65 46 ON6NL A 2,129,980 1349 758 SV9FBG 14 1,747,086 1948 771 *OK1HMP " 46,092 173 138
*JE8UHY " 1,482 27 26 *BU2EV " 6,048 73 56 OR1Z " 998,186 1054 518 SV9RGI 7 190,983 328 249 *OK1XBF " 12,300 87 75
*JA8DJY " 1,083 19 19 *BU2ES " 345 15 15 OR3A " 710,730 725 447 *SV9SMS A 18,639 129 109 *OK2TC " 608 20 19
*JH8RXM 14 15,834 85 78 *BX2AHS " 171 9 9 (OP: ON6CC) *OK6Y 1.8 291,368 480 301
*JA8HBO " 832 30 26 *BU2BO 21 780 21 20 ON6MR " 350,610 486 377 Croatia (OP: OK2PTZ)
*BU2BE 14 1,971 35 27 ON8ZA " 320,960 434 320 9A3B A 2,236,252 1404 769 *OK1JOK " 38,144 180 128
District 9 *BV3UN " 160 8 8 ON1DU " 122,492 306 226 (OP: 9A2VR) *OK2BRQ " 22,892 126 97
JF9JTS A 275,624 382 262 ON8AH " 49,098 179 147 9A3XV " 155,208 264 223
(OP: JAØTEA) Thailand OT6M " 31,993 120 107 9A6D " 20,230 76 70 Denmark
JH9DRL " 74,016 229 144 HS3PIK 14 3,710 56 35 (OP: PC5A) 9A3DUH " 7,257 61 59 OZ1KEF A 317,275 433 343
JH9CEN " 57,750 182 125 HS2UPR " 408 12 12 ON4KCY " 31,625 151 125 9A3AHQ " 216 8 8 OZ1FHU " 222,851 417 317
JA9CCG " 48,564 158 142 *E2ØNGF A 666,624 705 336 ON7ET " 29,900 103 100 9A7Z 21 475,125 555 375 5Q2J " 196,137 386 279
JA9BCV " 40,500 135 100 *E25ETT " 212,718 493 242 ON5YT " 16,915 98 85 9A5Y " 164,256 314 232 OZ1T " 36,450 157 135
JF9QCK " 37,728 136 96 *HS8HEX " 42,112 148 94 OQ5M " 11,248 79 76 (OP: 9A7DX) OZ1KIH " 26,390 159 130
(OP: JH7UJR) *HS8NKB " 20,951 126 73 (OP: ON5ZO) 9A6RT 14 112,914 295 246 OZ1D " 9,504 67 66
JA9CWJ 14 4 2 2 *HS5AES " 13,968 98 72 OQ4U 21 52,398 158 123 9A5BWW " 32,320 134 101 (OP: OZ1HHH)
JH9URT 1.8 3,525 65 47 *HSØACS " 13,244 86 77 OR4T 7 25,600 126 100 9A3K 7 345,895 501 331 OZ7PBI " 1,566 29 29
*JH9FCP A 31,700 136 100 *HS8JWH " 2,788 40 34 OS8A 3.7 544,188 678 404 9A1CC " 56,322 168 149 OZ9ETOV " 1,350 25 25
*JA9GEW 21 14,124 94 66 *HS4MLV " 561 20 17 ON5WL " 152,950 341 230 9A88A 3.7 3,001,440 1711 740 (OP: OZ1D)
*JA9TQY " 5,964 58 42 *HS8GLR " 546 19 14 OT5L " 99,176 248 184 (OP: 9A1UN) OZ8AGB " 448 16 16
*HS5ZLD 28 153 11 9 *OP4K A 801,864 821 518 9A5ØY " 2,914,890 1684 730 OZ8PG 21 9,128 59 56
District Ø *HS3PJF 21 7,700 75 44 *ON3AR " 400,500 548 375 (OP: 9A3LG) OV1RR 14 1,092 26 26
JJØJML A 695,188 673 377 *HSØKQR " 4,738 49 46 *ON5RZ " 245,478 442 326 *9A3LED A 345,884 517 308 (OP: OZ1D)
JAØFVU " 117,528 241 166 *E2ØWXA 7 17,056 78 52 *ON5GM " 221,238 377 306 *9AØBR " 185,036 388 277 OZ1HHH " 1,080 30 30
JJØACA " 7,614 53 47 *E21YDP " 4,031 41 29 *ON7BBR " 139,356 321 252 (OP: 9A4W) (OP: OZ1D)
JAØCLB " 5,476 54 37 *ON4MAD " 138,006 332 246 *9A3QB " 162,604 316 236 OZ7DK 7 19,928 100 94
JAØGCY 21 714 26 21 United Arab Emirates *ON3ND " 129,850 325 245 *9A6DJX " 155,141 341 259 *OZ4NA A 482,604 649 393
JHØILL 7 19,890 67 65 *A61FK A 226,435 375 253 *ON3UN " 119,777 309 241 *9A3NC " 149,940 308 245 *OZ1KVM " 472,719 637 403
*JAØAVS A 9,964 60 53 *A65GD " 3,434 35 34 *ON4MGY " 113,490 295 234 *9A1CVG " 130,816 302 224 *5P8Z " 202,912 396 272
*JRØDZH " 6,042 52 38 *A65GT 14 171 9 9 *ON6EF " 41,463 174 153 (OP: 9A5OIA) *OZ8CT " 184,680 396 270
*JRØGXA " 612 12 12 (OP: 4G1QAZ) *ON7AH " 28,080 116 104 *9A9I " 115,068 256 223 *OZ1CK " 64,740 206 166
*JAØJHQ 28 3 1 1 *ON7BRA " 16,653 97 91 *9A2EU " 103,713 192 181 *OZ1DYI " 53,010 199 171
*JHØEPI 14 943 25 23 Vietnam *OP5T " 16,269 99 87 *9A1AA " 47,740 155 155 *OU2P " 41,230 156 133
*JAØVFN 7 742 16 14 *XV9NPS 21 72 6 6 (OP: ON4DS) *9A2VX " 38,860 151 134 *OZ1KKH " 34,425 143 135
*ON2LMP " 13,490 103 95 *9A3DOS " 28,560 140 119 *OZ1ELY " 32,096 168 136
Kazakhstan West Malaysia *ON4TTT " 9,900 61 60 *9A5MX " 24,072 117 102 *OZ6TM " 26,924 134 127
UP5B A 2,490,264 1196 567 9M2TDX A 1,037,300 845 410 *ON5ZZ " 7,280 70 65 (OP: DJ4MX) *OZ1THC " 8,591 90 71
(OP: UN7ZO) *9M2SAF A 920,885 907 317 *ON6LMJ " 5,940 59 54 *9A7KR " 19,314 97 87 *OZ8ZN " 50 5 5
UN7QF " 56,250 183 150 *9M4CTO " 22,743 118 57 *ON7HC " 5,831 55 49 *9A5CAN " 18,786 111 101 *OZ4VW 14 5,390 50 49
UN1QWA " 23,940 104 90 *9M2MAD " 16,700 86 50 *ON6FC " 1,809 29 27 *9A3EJZ " 17,922 121 103 *OZ9V 7 36,530 155 130
UN9GD " 15,688 78 74 *9M2SDX " 16,300 89 50 *ON3PVC " 1,120 28 28 *9A1EA " 16,848 117 104 *OZ1DAE " 154 7 7
UPØL 14 6,354,810 2369 990 *9M2GDX " 2,645 31 23 *ON3AT " 408 12 12 *9A3MA " 16,254 86 86 *OU8A 3.7 371,008 565 352
(OP: UN9LW) *9W2UPI " 220 13 11 *OQ4B 14 134,112 322 264 *9A5ALC " 14,490 98 90 (OP: 5PØO)
UN7LV " 83,776 198 176 *9M2WAN 21 253 13 11 (OP: ON4BHQ) *9A1DR " 11,925 80 75
UN3J 3.7 83,424 145 132 *9W2JST 7 316,624 413 154 *ON7DQ " 60,291 219 189 *9A3AAW " 7,548 73 68
*UN7MBH A 56,386 139 121 England
*9W2ADV " 189,686 297 119 *ON4AVJ " 34,992 155 144 *9A3SM " 319 11 11 G3M A 2,448,504 1526 744
*UN7THN " 9,920 66 64 *9W2XTK " 74,849 165 89 *ON5GF " 32,240 176 155 *9A8A 28 6,384 54 42
*UN7GN " 2,584 36 34 (OP: GØVVE)
*9M2SAL " 66,015 179 81 *ON3SB " 5,084 72 62 *9A2EY 14 67,275 249 195 GØDWV " 1,457,346 1098 622
*UN8PT 21 270,265 385 283 *9W2JQD " 35,952 145 48 *ON5SV 7 265,880 372 289 *9A5CZK " 43,360 183 160
*UN7LAN " 3,471 39 39 M1U " 863,786 860 497
*9W2AIX " 32,144 111 56 *OO7B " 12,194 72 67 *9A5ISS " 1,188 34 33 (OP: MØUTD)
*UP7L 14 380,926 431 338 *9M2GID " 15,093 70 39 (OP: ON7BS) *9A3IG " 65 5 5
(OP: UN6LN) GØCNN " 539,325 721 423
*9W2EJX " 10,450 58 38 *ON6IO " 7,424 60 58 *9A4BA 7 75,601 199 173 G6AD " 523,652 601 412
*UN7FW " 20,619 97 87 *9M2JBH " 6,364 52 37 *ON4VDV " 242 11 11 *9A2B " 3,888 36 36
*UN7LAS 7 30,492 80 77 MØUGE " 496,650 764 430
*9W2DRH " 138 7 6 *ON8PH 3.7 9,940 74 70 *9A1AD 3.7 437,184 611 352 MØKPD " 405,055 490 355
Kuwait G4PIQ " 288,000 437 320
EUROPE Bosnia-Herzegovina Czech Republic M7Q " 229,336 361 263
9K2GT A 56,387 124 113 E77A 14 706,492 1006 509
9K9A 14 4,884,435 2015 873 Aland Islands OLØW A 1,947,020 1261 670 (OP: G4PIQ)
*E76C A 741,701 815 487 (OP: OK1DSZ) G1SCT " 163,058 361 266
OHØV A 6,205,104 2824 1051
*E7/Z35M " 191,786 388 266 OK2EQ " 173,530 351 259 M7T " 153,500 295 250
Kyrgyzstan (OP: OH6LI)
*E73RB " 80,898 238 194
EXØM 14 1,358,656 934 568 OK7GU " 25,839 99 87 (OP: G3YYD)
*E77XL " 79,516 230 193 OK5DN " 11,534 96 79 MX3W " 148,608 298 192
*EX8MK A 504 18 18 Austria *E76MB " 78,813 228 189
*EX7ML 21 74,148 196 167 OE3LZA A 1,574,496 1127 616 OK1FU " 7,686 66 61 (OP: G4FAL)
*E77SH " 37,310 133 130 OK8AW 21 54,054 157 126 M1PTR " 125,714 313 239
OE5BGN " 1,502,458 1187 614
*E78IW " 27,459 121 113 OK1XC " 42,681 151 123 G4BUO " 118,611 269 207
Lebanon OE5TXF " 294,020 485 305
*E7ØA " 11,322 88 74
OD5YA 7 307,304 264 214 (OP: G3TXF) OK8AU " 768 16 16 MØDCG " 107,565 295 213
*E77W " 5,439 54 49 OL3R 14 556,311 673 449 MØRNR " 89,452 254 209
*OD5UI A 59,202 164 138 OE1H " 177,408 354 264
*E72U " 189 7 7 (OP: OK1VWK) MØNJW " 72,192 240 192
*OD5PY " 19,295 97 85 (OP: OE1TKW)
*E75IO 14 35,139 189 159 OK1DOY " 87,516 233 156 GX5EA " 58,311 208 171
*OD5ZZ 21 1,512,381 1083 507 OE3NEC " 27,846 136 117
OE5JSL 7 51,986 151 139 *E78T " 12,236 103 92 OK6MA " 22,533 121 111 (OP: M1DDD)
*OD5ZF 7 48,360 102 93 *E77BW " 8,094 76 57
*OE1HHB A 974,650 923 505 OK1DO " 11,232 76 72 G3SHF " 51,350 206 158
*E77D " 6,059 75 73 OL5M 7 1,364,544 1127 552 G4L " 46,800 149 130
Mongolia *OE2E " 428,370 507 393
*E72MM " 5,429 67 61
JU1DX A 261,396 414 274 (OP: OE2GEN) (OP: OK1GI) (OP: G4LDL)
*E7ØDX 7 149,158 243 214 OL6D 3.7 288,192 454 316 MØDDT " 46,498 155 134
(OP: JT1BV) *OE6RAD " 238,992 399 312
*E73KT " 15,980 90 85 *OK2MBP A 833,976 869 486 G1EIX " 43,452 186 142
*JT1YL 14 1,705 33 31 *OE5D " 76,167 227 189
*E74R 3.7 764,855 786 455 *OK1TA " 768,354 767 474 G9D " 37,050 172 150
*OE4LTB " 52,116 205 172
Ogasawara *OE3OPW " 22,713 125 113 *OK2BFN " 743,008 771 434 (OP: G6NHU)
*JD1BIA A 9,352 81 56 *OE9IHR " 14,560 96 91 Bulgaria *OK1MDK " 274,350 441 310 MØHHG " 35,856 185 144
*OE1CIW " 10,664 66 62 LZ5R A 9,286,928 3211 1172 *OK2BRX " 214,890 403 290 G4PDF " 31,408 151 151
*OE1KFR " 10,449 89 81 (OP: K1LZ) *OK1OA " 155,122 331 242 G6MC " 24,766 138 122
Oman *OK1BLU " 136,246 329 242 G4SMB " 23,432 117 101
A42K 21 3,701,679 1851 751 *OE3MCS " 8,296 74 68 LZ5DB " 4,624,224 2540 906
*OE2IJL " 6,780 60 60 LZ3ZZ " 3,312,798 2182 849 *OK4DZ " 135,251 272 211 G6URD " 18,291 99 91
(OP: A41CK) *OK2TS " 128,380 309 245 M5KJM " 14,469 92 91
*A41NN 7 527,240 346 269 *OE8FWK " 4,557 51 49 LZ7G " 2,415,429 1782 769
*OE1VMC " 3,600 48 45 (OP: LZ1NK) *OK1BR " 118,456 318 221 G4IUF " 13,254 95 94
*OE5FDM " 1,566 31 29 LZ4A " 676,520 781 520 *OK2PIM " 100,528 290 206 G3ZGC " 5,358 41 38
Qatar *OK7N " 88,452 223 182 G1A 21 60,554 202 137
A71AM A 7,494,435 2462 897 *OE8ACT " 1,482 28 26 (OP: LZ1YQ)
*OE1PMD " 507 13 13 LZ1ZM " 492,321 735 433 *OK1UKY " 79,695 262 207 (OP: MØNKR)
A71AE 7 275,744 250 224 *OK1ULL " 73,211 229 179 M2L 14 688,500 838 510
*OE3TPB " 21 3 3 LZ1ND " 484,704 864 459
*OE1ØØHLF 14 37,920 198 158 LZ1BJ " 398,682 648 414 *OK7SE " 67,536 201 168 MØHAO " 132,079 353 269
Republic of Korea *OK1BJ " 60,550 206 173 (OP: EA1DDO)
HL2WA A 568,824 663 346 (OP: OE6HLF) LZ1VDR " 232,559 472 313
*OE8YMQ " 9,163 89 77 LZ1AQ " 176,111 427 299 *OK1DVA " 59,630 218 178 M6O " 100,860 330 246
HL2DBP " 79,925 235 139 *OK1HBP " 58,843 211 163 (OP: G3WGN)
HL2ZN " 62,749 162 131 *OE6MMD 3.7 374,504 541 338 LZ5EO " 40,171 169 139
LZ3FN " 27,939 195 139 *OK2SGY " 39,712 170 146 G8A 7 302,603 424 311
HL2EIZ " 49,056 148 112 *OL7O " 38,500 146 125 (OP: G3XSV)
HL5BCH " 4,560 52 48 Azores LZ1CRI " 7,656 55 44
*CS8ABI A 101,565 220 183 LZ1ST " 6,120 64 60 (OP: OK1FIK) MØOIA " 196,750 294 250
HL4CEL " 1,568 38 28 *OK4GP " 32,058 131 117 GØMTN " 22,344 114 98
HL5ZEE 14 779 19 19 LZ8W 28 33,880 149 88
Balearic Islands (OP: LZ2HM) *OK1GU " 26,448 132 116 G4GA " 8,662 65 61
HL2AHL " 121 11 11 *OK1LEV " 26,329 132 113 (OP: G4IRN)
DS5TOS 7 177,300 284 180 EC6FK A 77,745 268 213 LZ4TX " 31,620 148 93
EA6SK " 71,104 224 176 LZ1MC 21 7,800 58 50 *OL5Y " 25,300 107 100 MØMCV 3.7 385,584 566 348
*HL2KV A 14,464 96 64 *OK1ELE " 24,624 129 114 M3D " 239,932 428 287
*DS1ORJ " 2,573 38 31 EC6DX 3.7 38,750 147 125 LZ2ZG 14 9 3 3
*EA6VY A 51,150 186 150 LZ1EV 7 1,559,400 1148 575 *OL5G " 22,366 120 106 (OP: G3XTT)
*DS2GOO " 1,742 28 26 *OK2VIR " 21,924 119 108 GØMBA " 1,922 33 31
*DS2CYI " 1,449 26 21 *EA6PT " 48,580 174 140 LZ134ØB " 361,280 435 320
*EA6AOH " 11,730 97 85 (OP: LZ1STE) *OK1MH " 18,492 99 92 MØNPK " 1,508 27 26
*DS1HNL " 760 21 20

98 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

*G4PVM A 645,588 735 454 *M/9A3ICE " 3,840 64 60 *R2SAG " 5,936 60 53 *UA9XX " 22,176 137 112 DF1LX " 48,018 175 151
*MØPLX/M " 589,608 747 431 *M7TMW " 960 32 32 *RA3RBL " 3,280 46 40 *RA9XSL " 1,596 29 28 DJ5MW " 46,182 150 129
(OP: MØPLX/M) *MØBLF " 255 17 15 *UA3PI " 2,925 40 39 *RA9FEL 21 21,230 133 110 DC6O " 45,602 154 151
*MØICR " 402,948 580 369 *M7NFJ " 252 14 14 *UB5MBA " 2,660 38 38 *UA9FKH 14 5,429 61 61 (OP: DL3DW)
*G4P " 393,084 595 366 *M7CDJ " 216 18 18 *UA3X " 800 20 20 *RQ9F 7 4,559 49 47 DL7ATR " 44,394 160 147
(OP: G3YPP) *2E1RAN " 187 17 17 *RK3DCU " 624 26 24 DL5ASK " 41,814 154 138
*M1VPN " 349,200 585 360 *MØSWV " 121 11 11 *RD3DS " 612 18 18 European Turkey DL2FQ " 40,392 144 132
*MXØSNB " 342,585 552 345 *G4NXG/M " 21 3 3 *R3TM " 322 14 14 TA1API A 72,210 213 166 DG7FB " 33,915 151 119
*M3ECT " 292,005 453 315 *M6TFP " 1 1 1 *R3VE " 308 16 14 TA1ED 14 1,767 35 31 DJ9HX " 33,360 134 120
*M3AWD " 278,859 482 343 *MØVWK 7 7,638 61 57 *RO2X " 16 4 4 *TA1AQN A 225,256 483 296 DLØAH " 32,718 146 114
*M5JB " 169,004 420 253 *G1RVD " 4,320 42 40 *RN3P 21 221 13 13 *YM1KE " 113,701 393 259 (OP: DG5YHE)
*G4OZG " 156,750 350 250 *MØWHP " 3,192 40 38 *R5RC 14 350,224 672 413 (OP: TA1BX) DK6QW " 31,806 119 114
*G4EKT " 155,524 344 236 *M5W 3.7 487,518 637 386 *RZ3Z " 332,856 576 414 *TA1BAB " 24,000 150 120 DK1AX " 30,504 127 123
(OP: MØVOZ) (OP: MØHMJ) *UF5A " 303,408 656 392 *TA1DE " 2,907 54 51 DL2RMC " 29,280 130 122
*G4DDL " 151,800 335 264 *G3YIQ " 33,695 196 115 *R3LC " 97,750 303 230 *TA1EAR " 182 13 13 DL5NSM " 27,938 134 122
*M5AX " 142,416 348 276 *GX3RAT " 18,414 116 93 *RA3DSV " 88,780 302 230 *TA1LFU 14 70 11 10 DJ2VA " 20,008 94 82
*MØKPW " 98,566 276 221 (OP: GØGQT) *RK3Y " 35,183 199 151 DL1YCF " 18,818 114 97
*GØHEU " 86,900 271 220 *G3ZPB " 150 10 10 *R2EL " 21,452 145 124 Faroe Islands DJ2QV " 18,746 104 91
*G4IDF " 82,820 231 202 *MØDYI 1.8 7,200 68 60 *R3DAB " 19,886 135 122 OY1R A 214,722 491 302 DL3OH " 18,473 97 91
*2EØSPS " 79,788 257 183 *R3AQ " 16,082 89 86 DL8LAQ " 17,384 86 82
*2EØPLA " 73,340 238 190 *RA4LBS/3 " 15,200 122 95 DH2PG " 16,781 108 97
*GØC " 71,556 218 178
Estonia *RA3DGH " 14,144 120 104 Fed. Rep. of Germany DL6SBD " 16,008 103 92
ES9C A 11,874,160 3991 1360 DJ5AN A 3,500,332 1743 869
(OP: GØCER) (OP: ES7GM) *R2SM " 10,624 90 83 DF6RI " 15,939 109 99
*2E1HJW " 69,242 236 178 *R2ATC " 9,954 90 79 DR1X " 3,322,842 1727 866 DL2KBX " 12,905 95 89
ES5MG " 467,250 557 375 (OP: DF8XC)
*MØKYB " 67,527 237 183 *R3PIQ " 7,590 80 69 DL2ZBO " 12,604 112 92
ESØIA " 418,734 569 387 DK2OY " 3,091,816 1778 806
*MØJND " 66,608 228 181 *UC5D " 64 8 8 DL8OH " 12,561 82 79
ES1CN 21 7,504 60 56 DH8BQA " 2,580,955 1569 767
*2EØFLZ " 66,468 212 191 *R3TKT " 3 3 3 DF6QE " 11,220 71 66
ES4RD 14 636,996 1052 487 *RX3DFL 7 44,247 144 129 DL1WA " 2,552,517 1542 759
*G7H " 59,730 225 165 ES7GN 7 220,806 361 282 DG2NMH " 11,175 80 75
(OP: G7SYW) *UA3DK " 39,603 138 129 DP8M " 1,993,260 1412 717 DL6SRD " 6,264 58 54
ES3YW 3.7 3,913 44 43
*M6ETL " 59,285 196 167 *RY3F " 9,112 77 67 (OP: DL6NDW) DC7DX " 6,192 50 48
*ES2MC A 1,286,688 992 624 DL9UP " 1,955,620 1372 706
*GØOOF " 56,238 188 182 *R2OFF " 96 6 6 DL1DBR " 5,546 66 59
*ES6RMR " 38,252 168 146 *RA3Y 3.7 134,470 294 226 DL4VDA " 1,651,650 1225 650
*MØNVK " 54,696 205 172 DK3AX " 4,949 52 49
*ES8SX " 28,044 135 114 DL6ZBN " 1,566,630 1102 618
*2EØCVN " 54,696 228 172 *RV3VR " 3,588 48 46 DL2EMC " 4,802 50 49
*ES7GW " 25,064 117 104 DL1NKS " 1,517,040 1169 602
*G2NV " 53,928 224 168 *RK3E 1.8 50,336 185 143 DLØHAM " 4,140 48 45
(OP: ES2GW) DH1TT " 1,223,770 917 530
*G8ZRE " 53,460 216 165 *R5ER " 10,010 80 70 (OP: DM2FDO)
*ES1TAR 14 95,280 293 240 DL1ATZ " 1,056,510 993 546
*GØJLF " 52,514 192 154 DL5AXX " 3,816 38 36
*ES5RIM " 45,100 193 164
*2EØWHQ " 50,388 196 156 District 4 DL1CG " 1,052,345 896 535 DM4L " 3,328 36 32
*M9X " 48,737 205 163 RL4F A 5,570,150 2859 1010 DQ5T " 1,048,667 861 569 (OP: DL4JLM)
(OP: MØPGX) European Russia RM4HZ " 1,867,712 1557 704 (OP: DL4LAM) DL8WEM " 2,988 43 36
*MØOXF " 48,069 212 147 District 1 UF4S " 1,072,812 934 529 DQØY " 1,027,824 876 552 DJ2TG " 2,312 34 34
*GØGLG " 46,472 204 148 RT1S A 798,018 1052 507 UA4CC " 487,344 672 429 (OP: DF2RG) DG5SFW " 980 21 20
*G8HBS " 46,452 194 158 R1IO " 728,559 869 479 RW4CLF " 261,366 446 294 DL1EK " 1,027,260 965 585 DJ6TB " 224 14 14
*G3R " 45,900 187 153 (OP: UA9XMC) (OP: @RA4CEI) DD8SM " 1,006,470 973 530 DK3GI " 192 8 8
(OP: GØCDA) RD1AH " 599,064 694 458 UA4C " 209,944 406 322 DK7AM " 966,240 812 488 DL4VK 21 257,754 425 266
*G4HCC " 45,240 193 156 R8MB/1 " 53,656 194 152 RA4FUT " 183,600 418 300 DK4VW " 956,416 837 512 DMØY " 189,091 339 227
*MØCGF " 42,636 136 132 RW1CW " 32,984 134 124 R4IB " 121,693 350 253 DL4SKF " 931,260 819 510 (OP: DL3BQA)
*MØTPT " 42,502 183 158 RA1QD " 20,520 147 120 R4RM " 92,901 222 173 DL7ON " 862,208 777 512 DL8OBF " 61,102 190 137
*G8GHD " 42,328 175 148 RW1A 14 4,075,577 2307 979 R4RB " 91,408 294 232 DLØLK " 847,110 998 510 DL5ZL " 5,014 47 46
*G4BEE " 40,468 161 151 R1FZ " 188,652 445 316 RL4A " 65,076 297 204 (OP: DG7AK) DK6BA 14 363,870 491 390
*GX4ALE " 40,004 172 146 R1CAM " 63,960 242 195 RA4W " 28,080 151 130 DP7X " 829,576 773 484 DL4WA " 194,616 406 306
(OP: G3VYI) R1BHN " 270 11 10 RT4O " 17,967 125 113 DLØHMK " 813,207 849 489 DJ5CT " 184,758 457 318
*M3ZZF " 39,050 174 142 *UA1CUR A 433,875 548 375 (OP: UA4NCE) (OP: DF2HN) DL5YM " 34,952 143 136
*MØIRU " 38,403 177 153 *R1Ø5IA " 296,664 605 376 RA4Y " 12,369 72 57 DK9IP " 755,592 584 456 DHØGDS " 30,672 160 142
*MØLGW " 35,482 183 157 (OP: RZ5D) UD4F 21 1,267,022 1136 541 DL5IC " 586,663 632 401 DL9LM " 20,088 144 124
*GØRXA " 28,861 152 133 *RG1A " 89,088 291 232 R4RT 14 141,895 481 295 DG9SEH " 581,679 603 441 DL1LOD " 96 8 8
*2EØEVM " 28,448 154 127 *RN1AO " 17,056 120 104 RD4F " 49,404 224 179 DL4DXF " 572,356 658 443 DL7UGO " 24 4 4
*MØXTY " 22,002 132 114 *RA1ALH " 1,485 33 33 RA4AR 7 19,855 113 95 DK7A " 529,335 570 405 DQ2C 7 4,413,288 1577 803
*MØAUG " 20,976 126 114 *R1BIA 21 16 4 4 RM4F 1.8 94,350 250 185 (OP: DJ8VH) DD2CW " 1,647,108 1241 606
*2EØIFC " 20,776 138 106 *RT1I 14 39,936 174 156 *RA4HBS A 312,524 519 316 DL73TXL " 498,162 691 409 DM3W " 1,481,772 972 582
*MØVQP " 20,370 126 105 *UC1A " 3,685 59 55 *RU4CK " 256,564 462 308 (OP: DL7YS) (OP: DM6DX)
*G1OXD " 19,372 124 116 *UF1A " 1,518 36 33 *UD4W " 223,416 429 321 DG1IU " 497,084 643 433 DL4RCE " 378,422 502 334
*MØUHF " 18,818 117 97 *RV1CC " 3 1 1 *RN4NF " 193,358 342 242 DR4A " 472,426 541 398 DM3M " 338,140 493 319
*MØRLE " 18,639 131 109 *RN4HAB " 179,487 417 259 (OP: DK5PD) (OP: DM3XRF)
*GØBBO " 18,550 125 106 *R4FCJ " 177,289 417 301 DK2AT " 453,692 593 404 DK5KK " 309,270 416 305
*MØNMA " 15,840 99 88 District 3 *RA4DR " 175,770 321 279 DJ9ZB " 420,717 506 363 DL8AAE " 261,665 399 295
*MØJHV " 15,200 110 95 R2QA A 8,733,386 3202 1174 *R4AC " 147,680 378 260 DL7ØTRS " 386,972 487 356 DAØDX " 55,152 164 144
*MØHMS " 14,016 104 96 RU3A " 6,583,395 3019 1113 *RU4AA " 106,212 251 212 (OP: DJ8QP) (OP: DL2DCX)
*2E1DFS " 13,746 103 79 RM3DA " 4,684,450 2644 950 *RA4CL " 73,919 249 193 DAØC " 372,372 563 364 DQØZ " 54,020 166 148
*G8FRS " 13,410 106 90 R2ARR " 1,956,513 1550 681 *UA4PAN " 58,302 214 158 (OP: DK8WG) (OP: DL6ON)
*MØKCV " 13,050 91 87 RC5Z " 1,176,450 1152 575 *RU4LM " 55,533 209 173 DL4ZA " 358,391 514 341 DK9HN " 49,640 146 136
*G5REV " 12,741 104 93 RY5A " 697,602 990 499 *UC4I " 41,202 152 126 DL1EKO " 343,440 535 360 DM5DM 3.7 72,930 202 170
*M8K " 12,640 82 80 (OP: RV3FF) *UA4HGL " 30,069 142 117 DC2AN " 341,014 494 334 DR2C " 53,284 193 154
*M7TAP " 11,288 96 83 R3OM " 622,635 810 465 *RN4SC " 21,008 129 104 DL5ANT " 340,707 481 337 (OP: DJØIF)
*MØOEB " 10,614 99 87 RT2H " 434,713 581 379 *RA4L " 5,670 55 54 DK2CX " 334,250 443 382 DN5HAM " 19,482 121 102
*M5C " 10,120 95 88 R3RZ " 301,552 714 376 *UA4FDK " 5,247 56 53 DD1JN " 324,848 490 316 DL2NBW " 6,440 60 56
(OP: MØMGP) UA5C " 185,031 499 297 *UB4Y " 1,450 26 25 DP5L " 316,128 489 356 DJ8QA " 646 19 19
*M7MTC " 9,546 94 74 RK2M " 163,080 377 270 *RU4SO 21 50,172 199 148 (OP: DH1TST) DBØGSN 1.8 91,408 288 197
*MØVSP " 9,384 82 68 RK3IT " 125,316 313 236 *RA4DX " 22,995 117 105 DF2LH " 315,732 409 317 (OP: DM1CG)
*G9V " 9,120 81 80 UA3YCZ " 121,743 328 243 *UG4A " 5,208 59 56 DL4DBM " 310,947 444 357 DL6MHW " 33,558 149 119
(OP: M5OTA) RG5R " 108,528 252 204 *RT4W 14 41,249 209 167 DH1PAL " 305,439 460 339 DKØKG " 1,200 27 25
*M6EAM " 8,568 81 68 RC3FL " 93,024 255 204 *R41WCMB " 16,611 127 113 DB2WD " 299,880 462 360 (OP: DK2BK)
*G4FFN " 7,638 73 67 RA3TT " 75,660 249 195 (OP: R1II) DH6DAO " 293,466 474 354 *DJ3HW A 1,129,128 953 572
*MØWDD " 7,590 74 66 UA3UBT " 12,768 93 84 *RA4AG " 7,004 75 68 DF8V " 283,815 459 357 *DK5DQ " 1,094,610 1033 535
*MØLDW " 6,466 59 53 RT3N " 5,830 63 55 (OP: DF8VO) *DL1MHJ " 889,133 799 497
*MØPTB " 6,222 72 61 RZ3B " 1,643 35 31 District 6 DL6ED " 257,853 467 303 *DK1KC " 610,200 706 452
*M7BIA " 6,045 73 65 RA3NC " 952 28 28 RC6U A 4,870,525 2710 979 DF9XV " 254,240 320 280 *DF2AJ " 568,812 585 428
*G4WQG " 5,673 67 61 R5FU " 144 9 9 UA6YN " 906,100 1042 533 DL7ACN " 253,465 439 311 *DP7R " 432,564 521 348
*G7DDN " 5,490 64 61 R3ZZ 21 402,534 595 342 RA7A " 378,000 711 420 DJ4MO " 245,024 393 304 (OP: DL1GWS)
*G4OTU " 5,478 68 66 RA3OA " 232,116 453 276 R7DI " 135,216 270 216 DL5ST " 244,065 409 307 *DL1PT " 393,024 527 368
*G1PCR " 4,902 64 57 RU3SD " 185,652 358 243 R7KDW " 43,166 155 113 DL8RDL " 240,090 373 302 *DL2SWR " 375,120 539 360
*MØEAS " 4,819 61 61 R2AOQ " 1,672 26 22 RM7G " 8,880 64 60 DL3SKF " 237,489 403 301 *DL9OLI " 339,636 535 341
*MØJMU " 4,680 62 52 R5AJ 14 4,808,100 2628 1034 RX6AM " 7,332 61 52 DG7NFX " 225,786 365 311 *DFØBV " 318,780 399 396
*MØYWA " 4,500 62 60 UC5C " 2,022,360 1949 760 RN6A 28 1 1 1 DL1NEO " 222,780 360 316 (OP: DL1MAJ)
*MØPXD " 4,020 65 60 RG2A " 1,501,227 1197 611 RC7A 21 70,196 246 161 DL1STG " 218,504 368 286 *DJ2SEA " 224,298 425 306
*MØTQR " 3,942 61 54 RA3RCL " 1,350,648 1474 676 R7AY 14 50,652 258 189 DK6CQ " 218,250 356 291 *DL2LBK " 210,630 355 295
*2EØXYR " 3,744 56 48 RL5A " 720,366 1125 534 RA6GW 7 22,784 97 89 DF9VJ " 211,120 366 290 *DK8NC " 208,725 381 253
*2EØPRV " 3,584 58 56 R3TE " 462,226 751 478 RU6YJ 3.7 18,768 99 92 DB2MJ " 208,947 375 289 *DA3T " 203,255 402 295
*MØMPM " 3,525 48 47 UA3KW " 170,932 470 302 *R7MM A 599,952 794 464 DK8AX " 181,764 289 243 (OP: DL8DXL)
*G8AFN " 3,408 51 48 R2AY " 82,628 280 227 *RW6AEW " 581,976 933 472 DM2X " 178,347 314 269 *DB5SM " 200,376 429 276
*2EØXFD " 3,157 45 41 UA5D " 81,620 333 220 *RM7C " 523,085 826 449 (OP: DL2OE) *DL8UV " 192,648 357 276
*G7MBH " 3,120 48 40 RK3TT " 56,240 238 185 *RV6AVU " 441,232 636 368 DG1YBN " 175,953 355 267 *DL2LDE " 191,860 288 265
*M7TCC " 3,080 60 56 RT5T " 1,775 27 25 *R7RBE " 292,904 499 328 DL4ABR " 158,436 354 243 *DL7VX " 186,093 380 279
*2EØGYF " 2,392 50 46 UA3R 7 72,186 214 159 *UD6M " 174,064 344 253 DL3ABL " 155,959 278 263 *DKØBM " 165,186 385 266
*G3YZO " 2,356 42 38 (OP: UA3RC) *RZ6D " 166,250 385 266 DL6HBQ " 152,118 345 243 (OP: DK7CH)
*M7NZL " 2,204 41 38 UI5R " 12,312 80 76 *R6DCS " 161,768 387 277 DL9NDW " 147,736 289 236 *DJ1AN " 146,985 324 239
*GØJOS " 2,013 33 33 RU3Q 3.7 100,299 242 201 *RA7R " 113,088 341 248 DL1MP " 147,264 244 236 *DB6MC " 144,996 298 258
*MØOTQ " 1,722 48 42 *UA3BL A 1,261,638 1167 589 *R7KX " 75,030 226 205 DB1HEF " 136,367 332 253 *DF3IS " 143,764 310 254
*M3EMO " 1,551 36 33 *RW3FY " 469,950 602 390 *R6DBT " 66,993 209 163 DL7LX " 135,746 306 227 *DL2NBU " 138,104 263 244
*G7HYS " 1,530 35 34 *RD5R " 450,216 674 444 *RA6LIS " 64,655 249 193 DH2RTW " 135,192 320 262 *DK2WU " 136,030 299 223
*2EØGYI " 1,440 31 30 *RN3Z " 353,320 511 365 *RA6FQE " 24,864 141 112 DK1FW " 128,614 296 214 *DL1QQ " 132,940 298 230
*M7ORM " 1,248 26 26 *RA3DAD " 160,325 359 265 *RV6LCT " 21,896 97 92 DL8QS " 122,408 267 214 *DJ5KW " 128,412 328 246
*G4JFS " 1,248 27 26 *R2ZCA " 97,438 261 206 *R6LBK " 5,700 52 50 DL6DVU " 117,793 277 221 *DL4GBA " 127,755 305 255
*G3MXH " 1,075 25 25 *R3TKM " 84,456 217 184 *R7NA " 4,935 50 47 DHØGHU " 110,010 199 193 *DJ4WM " 125,810 316 230
*MØIPU " 900 25 25 *RV3X " 77,600 239 194 *RQ7M " 3,010 46 43 DL5AWE " 105,192 277 216 *DM6EE " 123,202 298 229
*G4DBW " 570 19 19 *RD2D " 77,490 223 189 *RL6K " 451 11 11 DK6WL " 104,800 218 200 *DL9SCO " 111,180 242 204
*2EØEKW " 336 21 21 *RL3T " 54,208 196 154 *UA6AK 28 8 2 2 DL7CX " 102,168 216 198 *DJ7GS " 107,100 277 204
*GØRUF 21 476 14 14 *RA3DX " 52,785 187 153 *R7MC 21 9,088 86 71 DH1RG " 99,045 280 213 *DL1EHG " 106,522 288 221
*M5G " 80 8 8 *R3AAA " 48,248 166 148 *UA6LUQ 14 196,650 492 345 DJ5IW " 97,674 236 223 *DL4TL " 106,212 293 212
(OP: G3PLE) *RZ3DJU " 45,743 175 149 *R6DOP " 54,230 218 187 DG1PM " 97,136 243 208 *DO1SJF " 105,754 243 209
*G9P 14 72,912 264 217 *RX3VF " 35,750 168 130 *R7TJ " 672 24 24 DJ9MH " 96,638 231 211 *DL5LB " 100,125 276 225
(OP: MØNCG) *RA3VE " 25,942 136 119 *UA6ADC " 216 18 12 DM8HH " 95,842 235 173 *DL2OHL " 96,728 281 214
*MØSUI " 56,620 226 190 *R5AV " 23,843 137 113 *RC7KY 7 1,865,985 1151 645 DR6R " 79,524 246 188 *DL5JS " 96,236 261 196
*G3VCQ " 40,894 200 161 *RU3VV " 22,960 116 112 *RO7C " 103,208 218 194 (OP: DL6RBO) *DL8TG " 94,380 252 220
*MØAQM " 33,896 185 152 *RA3DQP " 22,066 137 118 (OP: R6CC) DK8ZZ " 75,440 219 184 *DL5JMN " 88,000 248 200
*G3YRZ " 31,464 162 138 *UA3DVB " 21,614 107 107 *R7NP 1.8 5,618 58 53 DF1ZN " 63,640 200 172 *DLØBMW " 83,538 216 182
*GØRAH " 27,930 152 133 *R3WA " 21,200 118 100 DL6JZ " 61,116 163 132 (OP: DK3WE)
*MØORY " 25,704 149 136 *RX3XA " 19,178 93 86 District 9 DL1BUG " 58,032 194 156 *DF8TY " 77,331 204 173
*GB1OOH " 10,212 99 92 *R2PU " 16,720 103 88 RC9FA A 150,332 304 236 DF9LJ " 56,240 186 152 *DK5PH " 76,380 229 190
(OP: GØWJK) *RN3YA " 16,471 108 91 (OP: R9FDS) DK6VCO " 55,040 201 172 *DM5SB " 75,808 242 184
*GØBVD " 9,600 78 75 *UA3DSS " 15,444 95 78 UA9FGJ 21 11,050 86 85 DH2PA " 53,192 148 122 *DLØFTL " 74,426 239 187
*M7LSI " 7,416 75 72 *R3PO " 14,322 110 93 RC9F 14 26,790 178 141 DJ4WT " 53,130 183 165 (OP: DL3DRN)
*MØYTT " 4,743 53 51 *R3YBE " 7,986 74 66 *RC9X A 99,820 289 230 DHØMB " 52,822 175 154 *DK3WM " 71,540 197 196
*M7SNG " 3,864 59 56 *RT2P " 5,963 68 67 *RM8G " 57,624 207 168 DL7URH " 52,471 147 137 *DB7BN " 70,686 244 187

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 99

*DL6RBH " 69,597 217 171 *DL6RAI " 2,736 37 36 OG6N " 123,772 282 194 *F4HAQ " 26,625 150 125 Isle of Man
*DG4O " 67,116 225 188 *DG5FAU " 2,709 44 43 (OP: OH6NIO) *F4IAY " 25,410 125 110 *GD7RVP A 18,281 114 101
(OP: DG2BPW) *DK9ZE " 2,665 42 41 OG5O " 17,372 96 86 *F4HTA " 24,990 131 119
*DJ3GE " 64,050 211 175 *DL2MHO " 2,480 42 40 (OP: OG55W) *F4HQO " 18,693 99 93 Italy
*DL6GCE " 63,690 199 165 *DG3YJB " 2,345 36 35 OH4BCS " 1,792 32 32 *F4CVQ " 17,794 85 82
IR4M A 14,071,250 3568 1250
*DL5KBO " 63,304 202 164 *DM1LC " 1,932 29 28 (OP: OH1ZAA) *F4FSV " 17,622 98 89 (OP: IK4MGP)
*DO4OD " 63,168 215 168 *DL8ZU " 1,736 34 31 OG66X 14 2,069,954 1647 782 *F6GTX " 16,006 120 106
IKØETA " 7,093,968 2819 982
*DG8OBN " 62,868 211 169 *DD5MA " 1,643 31 31 (OP: OH8WW) *F5JU " 14,080 86 80
IR6T " 6,041,088 2253 874
*DL2PK " 60,258 196 166 *DL1JPF " 1,620 38 36 OG2X " 528,836 935 476 *F4IDM " 14,062 95 89
(OP: IK6JNH)
*DO1CS " 58,520 195 154 *DO6XX " 1,456 30 28 (OP: OH2RM) *F1ROA " 11,315 86 73
IKØPHY " 4,344,170 2184 995
*DL5CZ " 58,443 209 161 *DJ1KL " 1,421 29 29 OH2KW " 431,086 714 409 *F1HTU " 10,795 95 85
IK2YCW " 4,232,506 1860 911
*DG6TOM " 57,270 210 166 *DL7CU " 1,395 33 31 OH6NIO " 347,229 573 369 *F5ITN " 9,842 83 74
IR7T " 3,556,650 1676 905
*DC3HSB " 57,270 203 166 *DF2FR " 1,272 25 24 OG4W " 328,836 632 409 *F5GGL " 8,588 79 76
(OP: IK7YTT)
*DHØF " 57,096 187 156 *DG6IMF " 1,232 28 28 (OP: OH4KZM) *F5MA " 8,094 80 71
IO6A " 3,395,980 2215 889
(OP: DO1NFO) *DH9FAX " 1,225 25 25 OH3BCX " 3,432 52 52 *F1PYN " 7,744 67 64
I5MXX " 3,179,930 1772 793
*DF2WZ " 56,350 200 175 *DB8MG " 1,176 30 28 (OP: OH1ZAA) *F4HXC " 7,280 69 65
IK3UNA " 2,976,244 1951 796
*DL9YJ " 56,270 197 170 *DK1RU " 1,095 25 15 OH2BR " 1,519 31 31 *F6ICA " 6,402 67 66
IZ4REF " 2,180,934 1300 798
*DK5MB " 54,390 163 147 *DG5LM " 1,050 26 25 OH1TD " 1,125 25 25 *F4IDT " 5,586 61 57
IO7T " 1,922,382 1502 798
*DB5ABS " 54,112 198 152 *DK2ZO " 1,000 26 25 OH1Z 7 1,524,240 1126 584 *F6EWX " 5,130 55 54
(OP: IZ7ECL)
*DJ3RA " 54,008 179 157 *DK3AR " 989 23 23 (OP: OH1LEG) *F4HOT " 1,320 31 30
IUØOVB " 1,522,392 1147 687
*DM4X " 53,019 150 129 *DL2VN " 961 31 31 OG3B 3.7 893,129 917 491 *F4VTG " 783 30 29
IO3F " 1,332,600 992 600
(OP: DD2ML) *DL5DWF " 945 21 21 *OH7GGX A 231,948 420 306 *F4IAG " 684 18 18
IN3ZNR " 1,153,705 919 595
*DB1VQ " 52,947 179 159 *DL9GK " 630 16 15 *OH1SIC " 138,788 320 221 *F8CPA " 289 17 17
IK2TDM " 1,002,249 900 577
*DJ6DO " 51,428 197 172 *DL4JWU " 532 19 19 *OH8RX " 72,775 247 205 *F4VSD 21 2,442 36 33
IKØNMJ " 1,000,632 941 519
*DL9ECA " 51,356 170 148 *DG2YIQ " 525 21 21 *OH2JIU " 27,359 129 109 *F4IAJ 14 30,492 145 132 IZ3NYG " 979,927 877 559
*DK9NCX " 51,246 203 146 *DL7HAR " 513 21 19 *OH3UAI " 23,643 130 111 *F8BDQ " 16,533 113 99
I2SVA " 916,455 820 535
*DL1SDX " 49,445 165 145 *DL9FB " 496 16 16 *OH5NS " 20,604 112 102 *F1IGY " 7,752 86 76
IK6GPZ " 891,044 919 526
*DL1SBF " 49,126 193 154 *DO1PE " 364 13 13 *OH2BRG " 15,717 100 93 *F5MLJ " 45 9 9
IZ6OUX " 764,154 882 477
*DK8NT " 48,865 181 145 *DD6FM " 323 21 19 *OH5FM " 9,657 101 87 *F4GFT " 25 5 5
I2WIJ " 702,520 712 455
*DK4IO " 48,670 169 157 *DL6AUK " 240 10 10 (OP: OH5KIZ) *F1IKA 7 69,056 195 166 IRØA " 591,924 673 428
*DD3JN " 48,480 197 160 *DO2NH " 160 10 10 *OH1XFE " 6,283 66 61 *F4HRD " 31,232 144 122
4U1GSC " 557,529 704 417
*DL1RTO " 43,472 170 152 *DL5MHX " 154 11 11 *OH5MQ " 4,128 52 48 *F1FPL 3.7 52,200 174 150
(OP: 9A3A/E73A)
*DL1CC " 41,888 150 136 *DH4GB " 108 9 9 *OH9GIT " 2,346 48 46 *F4FBP " 32 4 4
IX1HPN " 511,632 683 408
*DG1LS " 41,160 175 147 *DJ3TH " 99 9 9 *OH1RX " 1,584 34 33
Greece IK1PMR " 425,313 504 387
*DM4G " 41,038 170 142 *DG6NFU " 56 8 8 *OH2BP " 1,375 25 25
IU1NKS " 419,582 614 386
(OP: DL2RZG) *DO1EMC " 54 6 6 (OP: EA8DED) SV2CXI A 18,225 83 75
SV1KYC " 3,256 49 44 IR4B " 390,600 478 350
*DD1OP " 40,044 149 142 *DG1RS " 48 6 6 *OH1TS " 1,224 38 36
SV1JG 21 138,890 324 215 (OP: IK4AUY)
*DL3ZH " 37,504 142 128 *DM1MC " 34 17 17 *OH8MJ 21 207 9 9
SV2BXA " 19,250 96 77 IW2HAJ " 349,501 584 373
*DL4DRW " 36,156 167 138 *DG1UAE " 15 3 3 *OH9GGY 14 210,847 391 331
SZ21PF " 18,810 105 90 IX1CLD " 339,019 484 347
*DL5AAZ " 35,742 151 138 *DO9JBL " 5 5 5 *OH3M " 90,712 299 232
(OP: SV3SFK) IK7NXU " 334,342 451 349
*DK9BM " 34,750 164 139 *DK2WH 28 1,815 39 33 (OP: OH3MMF)
SV1PMR 14 757,206 1234 531 IU4CSS " 333,000 478 333
*DL2LSM " 32,860 147 124 *DJ9KH 21 28,324 114 97 *OH5ZA " 1,380 32 30
*SV3RPQ A 1,162,933 1221 631 IUØAPU " 332,232 482 327
*DK5YL " 32,086 133 122 *DO1OTW " 16,132 86 74 (OP: OH1ZAA)
*SV2HJQ " 398,151 684 369 IQ1RY " 327,352 488 332
*DO4TP " 31,059 122 119 *DO7JLF " 10,092 68 58 *OH4EBD " 147 7 7
*SV1PMH " 337,086 588 366 I4VOS " 319,680 436 370
*DK1ZX " 29,835 139 117 *DO1IBJ " 8,360 66 55 *OH3MM 7 173,943 315 251
*SV4QNP " 255,816 495 342 I4XNN " 282,720 398 304
*DK9OV " 29,298 142 114 *DF6PB " 7,252 50 49 *OH1ZE 3.7 4 2 2
*SV1MO " 96,600 252 200 IK2ANI " 280,500 405 330
*DJ9SN " 28,905 136 123 *DO3UW " 2,204 30 29
IU2IHM " 271,444 436 316
*DL5HAI " 27,750 141 125 *DA9L " 1,943 29 29 France *SV2HJW " 86,880 212 181
I3GWE " 270,924 412 321
*DL8TN " 27,246 126 114 (OP: DO1BEN) F5LIW A 2,520,980 1503 770 *SV1OCQ " 68,470 208 167
*SV4SCL " 68,310 216 165 IK8SVQ " 261,744 486 336
*DL1KLF " 25,875 132 115 *DO1QN " 1,575 25 25 F5OHM " 2,334,332 1560 742
*SV8PMM " 63,825 232 185 IU1FSL " 248,064 420 304
*DF9PX " 25,380 100 94 *DO1HGS " 912 20 19 TM5T " 2,076,472 1364 722
*SV1BJW " 54,945 198 185 IK2SND " 247,556 389 311
*DL9HB " 25,029 118 103 *DO1ARN " 748 22 22 (OP: F5VKT)
*SV7QNV " 46,664 176 152 IZ2ODM " 246,490 351 314
*DRØY " 23,865 126 111 *DM3AA " 588 14 14 F6IRA " 885,046 959 547
IW3FVZ " 225,624 397 316
(OP: DJ6JH) *DO1FDK " 560 16 14 F6EZV " 730,184 803 472 *SV8NBI " 40,185 167 141
*SY1BFI " 34,250 145 125 I4AUM " 224,388 363 276
*DL4MFR " 23,865 117 111 *DL8AMB " 243 9 9 F1AGR " 695,372 614 526
IZ2BVC " 202,130 423 290
*DL4ZAA " 23,320 125 106 *DO3TIA " 147 7 7 F8CRS " 589,908 578 451 *SV2SIF " 20,535 122 111
*SV3RZK " 18,920 164 110 IZ3KVD " 185,042 346 286
*DK2YL " 21,854 104 98 *DJ2MT " 48 4 4 F4HZJ " 548,051 670 413
*SV4RNT " 16,157 127 107 IZ6FXS " 140,800 306 256
*DJ4MX " 21,624 103 102 *DO1OHB " 40 4 4 F4HRU " 521,094 646 399
*SX2ØØJFL " 14,550 113 97 IZØOVW " 135,850 325 247
*DL8SDC " 21,218 116 103 *DL9ZP 14 248,490 475 330 F4HTZ " 311,688 492 324
*SV4LGX " 12,540 92 76 IU4NGP " 133,380 285 234
*DO1VOL " 20,806 106 101 *DL3LJ " 54,964 220 182 TM1D " 245,763 400 329
*SV2DFK " 11,396 80 74 IU4FLO " 131,652 245 212
*DJ4MF " 20,806 109 101 *DL7UVO " 35,040 168 146 (OP: F5JY)
*SV1PMZ " 10,664 100 86 II1A " 124,709 255 181
*DL5ALW " 20,793 99 87 *DLØGEO " 17,584 131 112 TM4E " 188,308 341 263
*SV7CUD " 9,039 74 69 (OP: IZ1LBG)
*DL2GMI " 19,780 121 115 (OP: DL2YAK) (OP: F4GPB)
*SV1CEI " 6,192 54 48 IV3RYP " 103,008 258 222
*DO8WM " 19,190 103 95 *DL5GAC " 14,100 98 94 F8TRT " 159,408 317 246
*SV1SMV " 6,039 66 61 IB2M " 102,765 222 195
*DF1HF " 19,089 105 101 *DL2QT " 6,720 72 70 F4HRM " 156,250 283 250
*SV1MV " 480 18 16 IZ2ZQP " 92,976 263 208
*DB4LL " 18,810 115 99 *DL2RCH " 6,240 70 65 F4HZZ " 141,906 235 201
*SV1AGU " 225 15 15 IK5PWS " 90,744 220 199
*DF1LON " 18,334 109 103 *DL7FB " 4,221 69 63 F6GPT " 108,676 263 202
*SV7BVM 14 345 15 15 IK4VET " 76,424 204 164
*DM2DLG " 17,640 118 105 *DL7AOS " 3,132 56 54 F5BMI " 104,607 256 197
*SV1SSL 3.7 2 1 1 IWØBLW " 73,675 193 175
*DL3TVI " 17,199 97 91 *DL3MB " 2,862 55 54 F4FJZ " 100,890 235 190
IZ8HUW " 71,323 259 161
*DL3MXX " 15,974 101 98 *DC8SG " 2,552 44 44 TM2Y " 96,832 191 178
IWØSAF " 65,415 197 147
*DL5KIM " 15,930 112 90 *DL3OHB " 2,223 39 39 (OP: F6BEE) Guernsey IZ6CST " 62,805 194 159
*DF2FM " 15,399 96 87 *DG7RAF " 945 29 27 F1ADG " 81,774 203 177 MUØGSY 7 184,500 375 246 IK4ZHS " 61,420 196 166
*DL9ZWG " 15,130 96 85 *DJ4PK " 728 26 26 F1RHS " 73,616 191 172 *MUØFAL A 192 12 12 IZ3ZLG " 61,060 197 172
*DL1AWC " 14,877 100 87 *DK1TBL " 621 25 23 F1GRH " 41,540 141 134
IZ5EBL " 59,080 184 140
*DL1RTL " 14,705 97 85 *DK2CW " 486 19 18 F5BTH " 38,205 160 135
Hungary IK3SSW " 58,058 182 182
*DL2GPK " 14,508 103 93 *DC5IMM " 440 22 22 F5TVG " 20,553 99 93
HG8R A 9,541,370 3583 1186 IZØOTV " 51,336 159 138
*DL7FUA " 14,476 105 94 *DL1NKB " 272 17 16 F5LBL " 19,344 122 104
(OP: HA8JV) IZ1SAI " 50,445 205 171
*DL1RV " 12,900 95 86 *DF6YC " 168 12 12 TM5DX " 19,270 99 82
HA2KMR " 1,613,563 1273 653 IZ5FDD " 42,900 144 130
*DO2AMH " 12,699 86 83 *DG6MDG " 108 10 9 (OP: F4HAU)
HA7VK " 403,635 527 379 IZ3VTH " 42,880 136 134
*DL3ABY " 12,604 106 92 *DG4OBY " 56 8 7 F1MKG " 19,100 113 100
HA7RY " 343,312 487 344 I1JTQ " 33,667 145 131
*DL5BCQ " 12,567 75 71 *DK1GP " 49 7 7 F4WCE " 17,220 89 84
HG1S 21 552,124 583 388 IZ3XEF " 27,118 100 91
*DL8ZAJ " 12,400 88 80 *DF1GRA " 9 3 3 F4HGF " 12,720 87 80
(OP: HA1DAE) IK1BPL " 25,908 110 102
*DM2HEY " 12,160 88 80 *DK8CK " 1 1 1 F1MLN " 6,840 58 57
*DL5GA 7 511,428 636 391 HA8QZ " 16,692 84 78 IU4MSF " 25,488 129 118
*DL1EEL " 11,692 81 74 F4FRG " 6,768 50 47
*DK3YD " 11,520 79 72 *DL4VAI " 404,820 552 346 F1UVN 21 149,051 289 199 HA5JI 14 2,716,728 1901 824 IV3NVB " 24,708 118 116
*DO1PGR " 11,242 79 77 *DL5RU " 82,425 197 175 F2CT " 5,244 48 46 HA4A " 745,178 942 527 IWØAEN " 22,454 116 103
*DL7VRG " 11,242 85 77 *DL1HUH " 29,100 98 97 F4CPF " 1,026 20 19 HA3OU " 103,132 297 236 IV3WMS " 22,116 104 97
*DB4LI " 11,205 95 83 *DL1OJ " 22,700 104 100 TM8A 14 2,597,644 1610 791 HA3JO " 4,389 59 57 IW2NOO " 21,900 114 100
*DO7MUK " 10,579 78 71 *DL9TU " 16,920 98 90 (OP: F8DVD) HG5A 3.7 2,928,000 1636 732 IZ6ERS " 20,240 128 110
*DL1EJD " 10,416 99 84 *DJ3IV " 9,039 75 69 F4EMI " 264,208 504 337 (OP: HA5IW) IKØTIX " 18,900 91 84
*DL1GO " 10,414 89 82 *DB6YC " 4,005 46 45 F5NBX " 6,050 58 55 HA1TJ " 1,750,932 1176 612 IU1MQR " 17,748 104 102
*DP4X " 10,290 70 70 *DF1KB " 270 15 15 TM4B 7 516,660 623 395 HGØR 1.8 486,948 597 374 IU2IDU " 14,973 101 93
(OP: DJ2MX) *DO1FHQ 3.7 289,421 494 317 (OP: F4GXX) (OP: HAØNAR) IZØUIN " 11,592 95 84
*DD1TT " 9,727 80 71 *DO7AX " 89,352 281 204 F4HIK " 337,136 554 304 *HG6R A 640,104 731 447 IZ4BQV " 10,922 98 86
*DF4WO " 9,384 77 69 *DF1MM " 48,657 180 147 F1PNJ " 67,940 226 158 *HA8AT " 310,977 490 327 IZ2MGN " 9,450 72 63
*DR4O " 9,272 82 76 *DDØVU " 47,187 171 147 *TM3Z A 3,229,248 1870 834 *HA2EAV " 133,340 291 226 IU2KMA " 4,704 51 49
*DK7MCX " 9,150 77 75 *DO6NI " 27,724 130 116 (OP: F 4DSK) *HA5MIG " 57,800 212 170 IZ8QNS " 4,653 50 47
*DJ6OR " 8,625 71 69 *DK9VA " 19,885 118 97 *F4CDR " 469,852 598 404 *HA3MAR " 14,774 100 89 IO4M " 4,636 82 76
*DH4PSG " 8,555 63 59 *DO1TOM " 10,582 79 74 *TM2R " 361,584 485 372 *HA3FHH " 11,532 62 62 (OP: IZ4UFB)
*DB5ZF " 8,453 87 79 *DO9THG " 5,671 59 53 (OP: F4ARM) *HG2UK " 638 23 22 IZ2BVL " 2,520 42 42
*DO6NIK " 8,250 72 66 *DJ1YFK " 231 11 11 *F4FHV " 347,900 498 355 *HA6ZQ 21 1,320 22 22 IK2QIN " 1,664 26 26
*DD3WY " 8,236 78 71 *DLØFKK " 2 1 1 *F5TLZ " 340,407 531 347 *HAØIL " 882 19 18 IZ1HHT " 1,620 29 27
*DM6JKC " 8,060 78 65 (OP: DM4EAX) *F4EIH " 308,700 449 350 *HA1ZN 14 16,432 114 104 IU3OJA " 882 22 21
*DH6MP " 7,370 69 67 *DL1D 1.8 35,406 172 126 *F4FTA " 216,752 400 304 *HA4ND " 5,876 55 52 IZ2CSX " 765 18 17
*DK4EF " 7,360 66 64 (OP: DL7NDS) *F4IAR " 199,764 414 279 *HA1WD 7 4,600 50 46 IN3EQD " 576 18 18
*DG1YHP " 7,308 67 63 *DL1AOB " 30,276 157 116 *F5GKW " 137,368 280 223 *HA8V 3.7 3,444 42 41 IN3EJM " 126 14 14
*DF7LS " 7,245 65 63 *DLØMBG " 1 1 1 *F6BQG " 116,103 282 229 *HA8BE 1.8 292,752 476 304 IWØAZS " 72 6 6
*DL9HCO " 6,930 66 66 (OP: DL1AOB) *F4ISZ " 103,092 278 213 IWØHBY 28 37,740 174 85
*DL5ANS " 6,893 61 61 *F5DRD " 94,385 249 215 Iceland I3FGX " 5,400 52 45
*DO4MTB " 6,552 59 56 Finland *F4HMV " 91,540 256 199 TF8KY A 71,820 244 189 IZ5TJD " 1,920 36 30
*DC6MT " 6,160 62 56 OH1ØØSRAL A 6,063,552 2889 1044 *F6DRP " 87,854 267 218 TF3AO 14 24,656 146 134 IZ6JTZ 21 148,212 274 207
*DF9IX " 6,105 57 55 (OP: OH1NOA) *F5ICC " 78,960 233 188 TF3T 7 22,440 102 85 I5NSR " 117,176 228 194
*DL8AX " 6,048 60 56 OG73X " 4,370,796 2212 951 *F4DXP " 71,175 235 195 *TF2MSN A 60,840 206 195 I7CSB " 102,675 229 185
*DL6MHC " 5,750 51 50 (OP: OH8LQ) *F4IVV " 71,012 222 164 *TF3JB 14 32 4 4 IZØDXI " 90,216 228 179
*DL6RDE " 5,500 52 50 OH6MSZ " 936,269 1193 563 *F5DBT " 69,906 214 183 IIØK " 76,800 214 150
*DO3SH " 5,445 60 55 OH6RE " 633,150 905 469 *F4IEX " 67,725 199 175 Ireland (OP: IZØUME)
*DQ4X " 4,850 52 50 OH1VR " 420,716 608 391 *F4CZV " 67,392 194 162 EI5KG A 222,876 398 302 I3JKI " 27,090 109 90
(OP: DL4EAX) OH1TM " 339,598 659 382 *F8KFZ " 60,312 204 168 EI6HB " 41,344 156 136 IZ1MLS " 133 7 7
*DL3YL " 4,828 75 68 OH7KBF " 288,702 685 373 (OP: F4IVC) EI4IZB 14 141,732 404 279 IB8A 14 5,567,680 2844 1096
*DG8LG " 4,480 60 56 OH6OS " 239,008 380 308 *F4BIT " 60,025 196 175 EI6JK 1.8 146,845 338 215 IU3BTY " 1,373,259 1127 701
*DC2CB " 4,466 62 58 OH7KC " 147,264 329 236 *F5KLE " 47,571 194 157 *EI4GNB A 604,942 741 439 IIØI " 1,048,420 1047 620
*DL4SZB " 4,171 45 43 OH2CV " 54,495 188 173 *F4HRN " 46,488 193 149 *EI2IJB/M " 117,840 322 240 (OP: IZØPAU)
*DO1BAB " 4,005 47 45 OH1LAR " 46,110 171 145 *F6FNA " 45,298 170 142 (OP: EI2IJB/M) IU8LMC " 979,089 1031 579
*DG6KBG " 3,850 52 50 OH2IPA " 36,855 149 135 *F4CIX " 41,385 179 155 *EI4II " 103,725 305 225 IV3JVJ " 872,380 818 530
*DK1YH " 3,795 59 55 (OP: OH7JL) *F4IAW " 36,294 168 138 *EI3ENB " 87,152 225 208 IZ2GNQ " 686,418 768 491
*DO6STY " 3,792 50 48 OH1TX " 25,334 112 106 *TM77SM " 35,179 153 127 *EI7FRB " 31,416 166 136 IK5RLP " 236,223 527 351
*DL2FK " 3,784 45 44 (OP: OH6KZP) (OP: F4GYM) *EI9ES " 24,087 147 111 IU4FIT " 126,228 321 268
*DJ8EW " 3,220 46 46 OH3KX " 18,645 124 113 *TM72G " 32,096 158 136 *EI4GAB " 19,530 124 105 IK2AQZ " 116,584 272 236
*DM2XM " 3,198 41 39 OH5VT " 17,762 100 83 (OP: F4GDO) *EI8KV " 3,404 49 46 IZ2JCD " 53,196 163 156
*DF2ET " 2,970 46 45 OH1ØA " 3,132 37 36 *F4HRG " 31,152 152 132 *EI2INB " 144 12 12 IZ8XXE " 15,606 145 102
*DL1MPR " 2,920 40 40 (OP: OH1X) *F1GKS " 31,122 141 117 *EI2HIB " 77 7 7 IK4LHE " 11,132 93 92
*DL9MJ " 2,856 45 42 OG7A 21 215,460 368 266 *F4ADZ " 28,905 149 123 *EI3CTB 14 29,435 171 145 IQ3DQ " 5,341 49 49
*DO2ABS " 2,772 36 36 (OP: OH6MW) *F6JSZ " 28,575 132 127 *EI8KW " 16 4 4 IU3OWY " 1 1 1

100 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

IO4X 7 11,481,822 2752 1126 *IZ3ZOO " 8,832 78 69 *UF2F A 714,560 773 464 PA3DZF " 66,192 197 168 *Z39Z " 4,500 46 45
(OP: IT9RGY) *IU2DGV " 8,580 70 66 *RN2FQ " 19,552 107 94 PA1EJO " 62,458 224 187 *Z34PEC " 722 19 19
IZ8GUQ " 726,204 853 438 *IWØQO " 8,500 71 68 *UB2F 14 21,090 132 111 PA4DN " 51,840 195 160
IV3CNZ " 405,375 523 345 *IN3IKC " 7,452 86 81 PA4GDR " 49,280 194 160 Northern Ireland
IZ5EME " 378,426 475 354 *IU5HES " 7,440 64 62 Latvia PI4RCB " 40,020 148 138 MI1A A 56,056 204 182
IK4POI " 147,825 264 219 *IU2GGD " 7,410 62 57 YL6W A 3,459,780 2106 860 (OP: PDØWVD) (OP: MIØULK)
IK3ZAQ " 22,295 103 91 *IU1IPB " 7,308 63 58 (OP: Y L2GD) PE1LUB " 29,380 146 130 *MIØI A 217,790 407 290
IZ6TSA " 19,380 104 95 *IK3BVD " 7,011 63 57 YL2KO " 1,069,174 876 566 PI4FL " 27,940 147 127 *MIØOBC " 86,546 287 218
IO1T " 11,972 83 73 *IØ/S58Y " 6,996 70 66 YL2VW " 1,421 33 29 (OP: PA3HEB) *MIØDWE " 22,347 138 117
IU2JFG " 3,168 45 44 *IRØY " 6,902 63 58 YL2BJ 21 82,004 210 166 PE3T " 26,765 114 101 *2IØWMN " 19,968 129 104
IZ1ZHG " 1,242 23 23 (OP: IWØGYC) YL2SM 14 4,073,133 2263 951 PA5KM " 22,700 110 100 *MIØM 21 14,976 100 72
IR4K 3.7 2,789,640 1587 738 *IZ1DLY/1 " 6,868 77 68 YL2CI " 612,960 809 480 PA3J " 21,631 106 97 *GI5NI 14 18,036 119 108
(OP: IZ4JUK) *IU1OPM " 6,322 58 58 YL3FT 7 2,128,242 1254 678 PA1CA " 540 20 18 (OP: MIØSAI)
IB3X " 726,400 820 454 *IZ8EQG " 6,213 60 57 YL3CW 3.7 1,706,496 1330 606 PE1HWO " 507 13 13
(OP: IV3ZXQ) *IU5FJB " 6,032 59 58 YL7X 1.8 335,172 507 318 PAØMIR 21 3,500 36 35 Norway
IZØSPA " 333,648 493 336 *IUØLRV " 6,000 64 60 (OP: YL2LY) PA5DX 14 34,560 172 135 LC6C A 1,084,413 1001 561
IR1Q " 320,380 495 332 *IU1HJF " 5,720 56 52 *YL1ZF A 1,322,511 1125 587 PEØMJX " 171 9 9 (OP: LA6VQ)
(OP: IU1JCZ) *IZØEUS " 5,355 53 51 *YL3JI " 106,260 231 231 PI4COM 7 4,738,824 1844 852 LB5GI " 758,952 836 508
IK2MPR " 108,243 239 211 *IW2DFS " 4,982 49 47 *YL3ALN " 67,232 203 176 (OP: PD9DX) LN8W " 482,002 571 401
IQ8BV 1.8 10,153 86 71 *IK8RJS " 4,900 54 49 *YL3GX " 41,072 171 151 PA5N " 1,056 24 22 LC5K " 453,771 651 397
(OP: IZ8CZR) *IU2MCH " 4,636 41 38 *YL2NK " 21,146 129 109 PA4O 3.7 31,136 142 112 LC8P " 385,191 580 381
IKØXBX " 6,612 67 57 *IN3DGK " 4,560 48 48 *YL3IR " 7,080 60 59 *PA9M A 1,873,808 1385 664 LC5C " 205,413 452 299
*IO8O A 1,195,488 1137 593 *IU8IYW " 4,316 60 52 *YL2LW 21 18,368 94 82 *PA8KW " 508,776 635 408 (OP: LA6KOA)
(OP: IK8UND) *IV3GVY " 4,042 45 43 *YL5W 14 191,862 451 306 *PE4BAS " 496,386 592 414 LB6VI " 170,190 442 279
*IV3ZYB " 758,110 795 470 *IW5ELA " 3,201 35 33 (OP: Y L2GN) *PA2PKZ " 376,652 533 382 LA8JKA " 83,070 247 195
*IK4RQJ " 538,598 567 394 *IU1DOF " 3,150 45 42 *YL2PP 7 83,886 195 186 *PC1PM " 266,310 474 330 LA8HGA " 49,742 183 154
*IV3KKW " 493,641 623 423 *IK5YJK " 3,116 42 41 *YL2EA " 55,968 177 159 *PAØKDV " 239,475 470 309 LA7EIA " 49,245 180 147
*II3B " 443,760 477 430 *IW3SOQ " 3,024 45 42 *YL2QG 3.7 243,080 406 295 *PE1EWR " 223,590 419 290 LA4ESA " 48,960 194 160
*IW1RLC " 392,544 617 348 *IV3HAX " 2,870 36 35 *PD8DX " 201,722 404 289 LA7XK " 30,120 127 120
*IK1JJM " 370,512 484 372 *IW1RGP " 2,600 44 40 Liechtenstein *PA4HM " 181,170 391 270 LA3WAA " 27,246 125 114
*IZ5CMI " 363,272 482 364 *II3V " 2,590 41 37 HBØWR A 149,136 289 239 *PC9F " 177,079 374 287 LC1T " 19,095 109 95
*IK1RGK " 257,025 401 345 *IZ5FSA " 2,556 36 36 *PD2JAM " 173,402 342 277 (OP: LB7Q)
*IU1MRG " 238,539 421 307 *IUØNHG " 2,484 49 46 Lithuania *PA1BD " 172,627 351 271 LA7RRA " 9,177 73 69
*IK3ZBM " 210,374 344 293 *IKØVSY " 2,407 29 29 LY4A A 12,753,334 3860 1322 *PE1FTV " 118,948 302 227 LA6XI " 6,426 65 63
*IZ4AIF " 205,720 363 278 *IU1IAZ " 2,150 43 43 LY7Z " 8,280,578 3105 1202 *PB2A " 100,344 248 222 LB6KC 14 81,366 266 213
*IU3EDK " 189,874 366 278 *IZ2FNI " 2,112 36 33 LY5W " 2,589,622 1491 763 *PC4DX " 100,254 284 217 LA8CJ " 18,768 98 92
*IV3UHL " 177,504 340 258 *IW3IOG " 2,080 33 32 LY5R " 1,841,448 1296 679 *PD5ISW " 89,910 264 222 LA4C 7 924 22 21
*IW2NEF " 169,005 321 285 *IN3MNS " 2,013 34 33 LY2TS " 1,506,681 1187 627 *PG1R " 81,590 251 205 (OP: LB8VI)
*IK2SAR " 168,588 319 252 *IU3NMO " 1,653 31 29 LY9Y " 1,493,307 1293 599 *PA3DAT " 81,180 243 205 LB4UH 3.7 182,016 386 256
*IN3AHO " 161,980 366 260 *I5KBS " 1,634 44 43 LY7T " 1,264,425 1139 575 *PA7FK " 80,971 243 187 (OP: SP2ASJ)
*IK2JTS " 159,252 362 276 *IU1JHT " 1,344 30 28 LY2K " 906,392 985 548 *PE2HG " 75,620 253 199 LCØX " 3,200 40 40
*IK6OIN " 153,250 312 250 *IU4BIP " 1,276 22 22 LY5XX " 640,936 755 452 *PA2CVD " 67,860 246 195 (OP: LB3RE)
*IU3NMI " 146,335 348 259 *IZØDXD " 1,274 27 26 LY2MM " 534,072 667 408 *PD7K " 63,012 212 178 LC5W " 800 20 20
*IZ3NVE " 139,122 326 262 *IU1HGO " 1,274 27 26 LY2XW " 382,875 594 375 *PA9LUC " 55,112 208 166 *LA5LJA A 303,272 491 334
*I2BRT " 137,214 291 231 *IU5CJP " 1,225 27 25 LY3CY " 305,610 516 334 *PH5M " 53,630 192 155 *LA7WRA " 253,914 491 303
*IU3LYJ " 131,040 310 240 *IZ3CTT " 1,175 26 25 LY2SA " 218,700 393 300 *PA7KY " 53,291 208 161 *LC1P " 214,438 419 289
*IU2JWF " 115,543 257 227 *IK2RLS " 1,056 22 22 LY1XA " 134,082 279 234 *PE1ER " 50,560 198 160 (OP: LA1DSA)
*IK1ZOF " 110,852 275 214 *IW2NKY " 984 24 24 (OP: LY2KA) *PDØWR " 49,302 195 166 *LB1LG " 193,824 388 288
*IK4MTF " 110,547 244 213 *IK7LMX " 860 21 20 LY1M " 73,590 224 165 *PA1TO " 49,298 199 157 *LC7W " 139,061 344 247
*II3R " 99,130 295 230 *IW1BEF " 819 21 21 LY5O " 69,939 253 171 *PI75NWG " 42,900 178 150 (OP: LB7UI)
(OP: IK3QAR) *IU4LAU " 816 24 24 LY2BAW " 12 4 3 *PD2GSP " 37,599 162 151 *LA2Z " 111,723 300 223
*IZ2BKA " 94,248 243 198 *IU6PEG " 798 22 21 LY1R 21 155,703 309 213 *PE9JAN " 34,272 151 126 (OP: LA9JRA)
*IWØHLZ " 91,350 285 210 *IU6AIG " 672 24 24 LY3VP " 1,176 25 24 *PDØMHZ " 31,280 164 136 *LA2HFA " 67,841 235 179
*IU4JJP " 88,000 241 200 *IZ3ZMF " 578 35 34 LY31A 14 2,280,174 1622 713 *PA3HFJ " 30,831 148 129 *LA7TN " 56,511 218 161
*IZ2NYY " 84,672 200 196 *IK3XTT " 529 23 23 (OP: LY5A) *PG2AA " 30,008 138 124 *LB4YI " 54,442 192 167
*IW2NLP " 84,412 236 188 *IUØJGA " 476 28 28 LY2AE " 76,200 243 200 *PDØWVB " 29,696 149 128 *LB5BG " 44,398 191 158
LY1FW 7 3,272,789 1679 767 *LA3BPA " 37,884 154 132
*IU8IYE " 81,590 247 199 *IK6SBW " 405 15 15 *PA3DTR " 29,524 142 121
*LA5UF " 32,250 134 129
*IU3GKJ " 78,554 220 181 *IW8ENL " 378 19 18 LY3S " 74,292 214 164 *PA3CXB " 27,686 147 127 *LB4ZI " 20,988 125 106
*IW5ECP " 77,568 219 192 *IU4HLZ " 377 13 13 LY2CX " 38,052 155 126 *PA2PME " 27,400 168 137 *LA8OKA " 19,488 110 96
*IZ5AGY " 76,428 245 198 *IZ5IMB " 312 12 12 LY5Y " 17,510 93 85 *PD4RD " 26,442 137 117 *LA3RNA " 13,377 98 91
*IV3DXW " 75,296 206 181 *IWØEZW " 304 16 16 LY2FN 3.7 596,136 666 421 *PA3ARM " 26,160 149 120 *LA2QJA " 13,056 117 102
*IU3OVH " 72,760 206 170 *IU1IMC " 243 9 9 *LY4L A 3,953,191 2217 883 *PG6F " 24,108 143 123 *LA8RTA " 8,927 86 79
*IX1BFL/6 " 71,553 204 183 *IU4CZW " 200 10 10 *LY7R " 828,036 879 492 (OP: PAØGRU) *LA1VNA " 8,925 84 75
*IN3JRZ " 68,310 233 198 *IV3JJZ " 126 14 14 (OP: LY2BKT) *PA3CGJ " 22,140 138 123 *LA2GKA " 5,928 60 57
*IZ5CMC " 67,032 205 171 *IZ1XEE " 72 6 6 *LY3AB " 759,215 828 479 *PC4AD " 21,120 121 110 *LA9RY " 4,770 58 53
*IU5GBI " 66,132 207 167 *IZ8CCW 28 7,056 57 48 *LY5YY " 468,488 650 373 *PAØCGB " 20,458 122 106 *LC9A " 4,307 61 59
*IK6QRH " 60,922 201 166 *IZ5ILK " 1,932 28 23 *LY5I " 402,132 489 372 *PA2Z " 20,114 120 113 *LB4MI " 3,888 56 54
*IU2NKC " 59,976 194 168 *IR4Q " 1,610 24 23 *LY5GT " 347,464 511 338 *PEØCD " 19,928 108 94 *LA8WNA " 3,588 46 46
*IU5KRE " 57,630 195 170 *IZ7NLJ " 462 15 14 *LY11LY " 163,750 315 250 *PA3EVY " 19,866 96 86 *LB6UH " 2,592 34 27
*IZ1AEL " 56,772 213 166 *IW3SOA " 1 1 1 (OP: LY4Q) *PDØJMH " 18,824 112 104 *LA3ZA " 988 26 26
*IZ8QPA " 56,457 186 153 *IO3X 21 119,460 240 181 *LYØNAS " 132,210 313 226 *PD1TV " 16,611 127 113 *LBØNH " 182 16 14
*IZ2OOS " 55,909 191 163 *IK6LBT " 119,184 252 191 *LY5BT " 114,403 325 233 *PA3OES " 16,465 100 89 *LA1XFA 14 89,349 321 237
*IU1HJT " 55,809 187 159 *IZØCOG " 118,998 247 198 *LY2J " 92,115 248 207 *PE1LTY " 15,664 102 89 *LB4FI " 840 30 28
*IZ8YAA " 55,224 211 177 *II5PO " 26,677 107 103 *LY1NDN " 27,219 141 129 *PA3ELQ " 15,219 107 89 *LC9T 1.8 2,244 34 33
*IZ6BXQ " 50,193 161 143 (OP: IK5RUN) *LY4MP " 24,871 140 119 *PAØCT " 14,973 101 93 (OP: LA9VKA)
*IU2GLK " 48,216 194 164 *IZ7CAH " 23,660 102 91 *LY2AT " 23,532 115 106 *PAØB " 14,915 110 95
*IQ2GM " 47,084 169 149 *IW2ENA " 13,860 84 70 *LY4BF " 16,653 108 91 *PD1ABO " 14,616 97 84 Poland
(OP: IK2WXQ) *IU4DAF " 10,416 68 62 *LY4Z " 8,640 67 64 *PAØRHA " 13,104 98 84 SP7VC A 8,008,176 2966 1046
*IU7EDX " 46,786 175 157 *IU4FNO 14 774,445 805 545 *LY2NZ " 3,588 48 46 *PA7CRX " 12,835 95 85 SP9N " 4,066,400 2051 884
*IWØGTA/5 " 45,870 168 165 *IZ1PNT " 516,325 691 475 *LY2SQ " 3,053 46 43 *PEØCWK " 11,297 84 79 SP8KP " 2,607,200 1615 800
*IU6FUB " 45,135 165 153 *IB1C " 499,122 677 474 *LY3EU " 425 17 17 *PD1LG " 10,384 91 88 SP1NY " 2,350,110 1399 722
*IK8ARF " 43,000 155 125 (OP: IK1XPK) *LY4Q " 120 8 8 *PA3DBS " 10,044 96 81 SO9I " 1,995,511 1307 697
*IK4JQQ " 42,660 149 135 *IK2YGZ " 416,150 607 406 *LY2OM 7 8,928 64 62 *PE1NBD " 9,728 80 76 (OP: SQ9ORQ)
*IU5HWS " 42,340 163 146 *IZ8CGS " 350,551 773 397 *LY1RB 3.7 7,847 73 59 *PA3GEO " 9,100 74 70 SP7RFF " 1,056,888 1095 504
*IUØDZA " 39,050 152 142 *IK7DXP " 256,256 566 352 *LY4ZZ 1.8 112,682 288 206 *PE1LDS " 8,960 76 70 SP7MC " 997,560 927 510
*IK4QJF " 38,499 151 123 *IW2MXY " 244,635 491 347 (OP: LY2BMX) *PA2VS " 7,956 75 68 SP9DTE " 909,860 973 469
*IU7KDY " 38,478 128 121 *IZ8GNR " 224,432 532 338 *PC7E " 6,860 74 70 SQ8N " 828,135 746 495
*IKØALT " 36,018 140 138 *IZ2KPE " 30,457 149 133 Luxembourg *PA5W " 5,500 55 55 SP3J " 703,800 742 450
*IK5AMB " 33,759 133 121 *I3JFU " 28,676 140 134 LX1SG A 273,862 392 298 *PEØV " 4,095 48 45 SQ7BFC " 547,722 614 441
*IK5JRZ " 33,496 130 106 *IU2LWL " 21,175 149 121 LX1LC " 120,231 311 219 *PA3DDP " 4,018 50 49 SO5L " 455,130 624 389
*IU5GBQ " 33,098 154 134 *IV3ZNK " 18,824 111 104 LX1FP " 56,000 202 160 *PA1GS " 3,792 51 48 (OP: SP5WIT)
*IU3GJD " 31,980 148 123 *IZ7ZKV " 18,602 160 131 LX1HD 7 81,770 205 170 *PA3ADU " 3,315 42 39 SP6M " 208,534 308 254
*IK7YZI " 31,500 145 126 *IZ2JQP " 17,600 120 110 *LX8M A 676,130 709 455 *PD4BER " 2,976 50 48 SO3O " 204,875 388 275
*IK3MLF " 30,134 124 122 *IK4OMU " 12,880 102 92 (OP: L X1ER) *PA1DMG " 2,862 57 54 SP1JQJ " 160,254 349 261
*IZ7PMQ " 28,784 118 112 *IK3XTV " 10,234 93 86 *LX2KD " 21,630 118 103 *PD7CJT " 2,806 48 46 SQ9DXT " 153,162 331 254
*I1YGQ " 28,600 153 130 *IK2WQK " 6,955 71 65 *LX1DKE " 5,044 58 52 *PA2A " 2,279 45 43 SQ7BFS " 120,666 285 221
*IZ2BMM " 28,520 143 124 *IUØDUM " 6,586 81 74 *LX1US " 960 20 20 *PE1FRE " 2,090 38 38 SP4Z " 77,690 182 170
*IQØPH " 24,012 129 116 *IZ1XJL " 4,608 66 64 *LX7I 14 1,217,091 989 569 *PA3ETM " 1,674 31 31 SP9CLO " 46,650 163 150
*IW1CHX " 23,157 106 93 *IK7LVE " 2,301 39 39 (OP: F4HWS) *PA4GB " 1,440 30 30 HF9R " 22,134 98 93
*IZ4EFP " 23,072 112 103 *IU4MTY " 2,146 38 37 *PE1FJN " 910 26 26 SP9KR " 21,590 99 85
*IU3NNU " 22,660 132 110 *IZ2GRG " 1,040 20 20 Malta *PA4X " 528 12 11 SP1MVW " 20,764 145 116
*IW2BZY " 22,440 104 102 *IU5MPH " 180 10 10 9H1CG A 5,088 53 53 *PA2REH 21 1,160 20 20 SP3IOE " 18,096 97 87
*IZ3ZMM " 21,560 127 110 *IW1RLS " 120 10 10 *9H5DX 21 75,440 188 164 *PD1BU 14 52,332 214 178 SN2M " 13,572 84 78
*IK1ZYY " 21,230 114 110 *I2RBR " 3 1 1 *9H1SR 14 97,608 376 249 *PDØME " 23,364 132 118 SP5GNI " 5,400 48 45
*IU8JPG " 21,014 96 79 *IU5ICR 7 407,808 550 354 *PDØMGX " 22,627 133 121 SP2JMR " 1,472 24 23
*IU4KET " 20,458 123 106 *IK8DNJ " 219,661 346 277 *PD1KBC " 6,912 82 72 SQ6LJV " 630 17 14
*IN3EOM " 20,274 116 109 *IV3EAD " 156,136 272 232 Moldova *PE1RWP " 6,204 70 66 SN3X " 572 22 22
*IR4P " 19,400 106 100 *IO5M " 67,971 188 163 *ER3CT A 352,944 532 344 *PD1HDV " 4,672 71 64 (OP: SP3SLA)
(OP: IU4NIZ) (OP: IU5MYI) *ER1BF 3.7 214,903 397 271 *PD9CT " 3,038 56 49 SP2WKB 21 144,014 294 191
*IN3RRX " 19,104 115 96 *IZ3GJL " 38,430 155 126 *PD5W " 2,867 49 47 SP5AUY " 58,773 171 137
*IU1CQS " 19,008 111 108 *IK7JVE " 20,535 134 111 Montenegro *PA5BM " 529 25 23 SP9EML " 6,958 54 49
*IK2IKW " 17,596 110 106 *IV3DLW/P " 6,498 62 57 *4O4T A 49,206 147 139 *PD1MX " 27 3 3 SQ2A 14 4,243,995 2043 945
*I4ABG " 17,557 105 97 *IK2ULV " 6,048 58 54 *PF1SCT 7 47,538 169 139 (OP: S Q9UM)
*IN3HUU " 17,385 105 95 *IU1OQZ " 5,757 64 57 Netherlands *PA3BQP " 20,710 111 95 SP9RCL " 1,005,771 893 533
*IW4CXK " 15,840 95 90 *IU2EBO " 4,165 49 49 PA3AAV A 741,405 752 483 *PBØØT 3.7 1,335,516 1217 546 SQ9NIS " 390,574 550 401
*IU2HEE " 15,159 95 93 *IU3BXO " 2,112 36 32 PD9X " 685,168 834 458 (OP: PA2TMS) SOØN " 183,384 400 283
*IK7ZLW " 14,784 92 84 *IW3BBI " 1,116 34 31 PA2LS " 672,516 777 468 *PA/F1GFK " 88 8 8 (OP: SQ9CNN)
*IZ2FLX/M " 14,601 98 93 *IU3OXT " 2 1 1 PC2K " 647,550 623 450 *PC3T 1.8 219,741 402 267 SN6L " 138,996 314 243
*IZØVQU " 14,256 93 88 *IO3C 3.7 151,734 326 242 PA6AA " 549,952 624 416 (OP: SP6FAF)
*IZ1MDJ " 14,136 94 93 *IK4RQF " 44 4 4 (OP: PB7Z) North Macedonia SP3A " 50,711 183 157
*I5WNN " 13,446 94 83 *IB5A " 35 5 5 PA7AL " 364,560 570 372 Z35T 14 2,418,920 2082 815 SP1MWN " 41,451 131 123
*IZ6BYC " 13,430 90 85 *IU1FQV 1.8 27,376 147 116 PC3M " 354,750 492 375 Z33B " 68,476 273 212 SQ9DJD " 28,595 133 95
*IK5MEP " 13,366 91 82 *IU3OCN " 1,624 31 29 PA1BK " 253,446 438 318 *Z35W A 198,000 482 330 SP9LAW " 27,577 119 109
*IW2MYG " 13,020 95 93 *IZ5OVP " 665 20 19 PC2T " 143,856 277 222 *Z32ZP " 123,170 293 226 SP8BQL " 17,784 119 104
*IU8PGQ " 11,880 95 90 *II1R " 620 20 20 PA4WM " 133,930 261 227 *Z32ZZZ " 32,766 148 129 SN8V " 5,510 63 58
*IZ6RTH " 11,760 71 70 (OP: IW1CBG) PHØAS " 112,860 284 228 *Z32CPU " 3,360 41 40 (OP: SP8HPW)
*IU3NOX " 11,232 80 72 *IU7EHF " 18 3 3 PAØJNH " 101,676 257 222 *Z3ØA " 1,550 34 31 SN3A 7 7,101,850 2486 1030
*IW2CAM " 11,218 76 71 PC2F " 98,792 243 212 *Z35K 14 30,745 163 143 SN5A " 972,942 892 501
*IU2CVS " 10,688 73 64 Kaliningrad PA1BX " 98,176 260 208 *Z37Y " 8,547 99 77 (OP: SP5WA)
*IU8CFS " 10,384 91 88 UI2K A 5,368 44 44 PA4B " 69,504 210 181 (OP: Z33C) SP5UUD " 481,701 599 363
*IK2AUK " 9,840 90 82 RN2FA " 352 12 11 PI4AMF " 67,513 193 181 *Z31VAJ " 980 29 28 SP6JZL " 191,704 327 248
*IN3HDE " 9,430 88 82 RW2F 3.7 2,143,526 1375 682 (OP: PDØWVD) *Z32ID 7 794,955 640 469 SN2W " 6,555 66 57
*IU2LWE " 9,271 75 73 (OP: RA2FA) PA1X " 66,960 209 186 *Z36W " 76,500 185 170 (OP: SQ2GXO)

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 101

SO4P 3.7 185,941 373 263 *3ZØCL " 4,648 59 56 *YO5OHO 21 35,310 132 107 IR9Z " 817,765 1231 547 EC3AIT " 335,202 464 347
(OP: SP4DEU) (OP: SQ8W) *YR4R " 8,494 77 62 (OP: IT9VCE) EA2CCG " 322,825 524 349
SQ2PHG " 163,098 344 246 *SQ8M " 3,648 54 48 (OP: YO4RDN) IO9J " 169,764 494 301 EA1BNF " 314,650 394 310
SP7MU " 65,902 198 166 *SP3FSM " 1,785 39 35 *YP3A 14 569,496 877 488 IB9A 7 8,496,284 2532 1051 EA4DW " 234,520 402 286
SQ5EXM " 57,196 190 158 *SP5BOB " 60 6 6 (OP: Y O3GOD) (OP: IT9RBW) EA3HZM " 225,435 439 285
HF6M " 31,800 142 120 *SP3AYA 7 382,624 466 352 *YO3ND " 139,590 361 282 IR9P " 89,088 212 174 EA7TS " 171,626 375 287
(OP: SP6FAF) *SP5DRE " 122,475 236 213 *YO4BEX " 30,420 179 156 (OP: IW9HMQ) EF2O " 155,870 291 218
SQ9KDT " 6,848 73 64 *SQ4AVD " 68,688 186 162 *YO8RCN " 17,922 124 103 IT9ZMX 3.7 157,542 299 242 (OP: EA2AOO)
SN7D 1.8 456,548 615 367 *SQ5DJ " 42,607 151 137 *YO5BTZ " 8,216 84 79 *IT9FRX A 1,264,000 1347 632 EB5F " 77,000 218 175
(OP: SQ7D) *SQ7BTY " 25,830 122 105 *YO8RFS " 5,208 68 62 *IT9DGG " 735,648 776 474 EA1FDJ " 65,016 203 168
SQ7CL " 338,972 535 332 *SP2FIX " 23,716 109 98 *YO9CWY " 4,928 62 56 *IT9IHB " 84,252 214 204 ED4T " 54,945 219 185
SP6A " 33,439 152 119 *SN3R " 7,560 63 60 *YO5IA " 4,712 42 38 *IT9BYS " 57,376 263 176 (OP: EA4R)
SP5XSD " 8,712 76 66 *SP3DFB " 6,384 59 56 *YO7ARZ " 4,087 65 61 *IT9GHW " 34,181 138 133 EA2DR " 51,330 250 177
*SQ6H A 2,400,570 1576 765 *SQ2ZE " 5,616 56 54 *YO8SKL " 693 23 21 *IW9BJP " 17,596 109 106 EA2HE " 49,995 187 165
(OP: S Q6PLH) *SP9TTT " 4,888 50 47 *YO8PUF " 425 21 17 *IT9JGX " 12,218 87 82 EA1CF " 37,629 128 113
*SP3P " 1,041,216 956 528 *SP2FWC " 880 20 20 *YO2MJZ 7 36,952 132 124 *IW9GRL " 11,840 77 74 EA4K " 35,624 165 146
*SP1DSZ " 983,105 921 557 *SO5AG " 384 16 16 *YO8BFB " 24,252 101 94 *IT9ORA " 10,062 94 86 EA4AW " 18,704 130 112
*SQ8MFM " 781,806 864 458 *SO5DU " 98 7 7 *YO2LTA " 19,305 112 99 *IT9HHL " 9,860 70 68 EA2DDE " 15,197 98 91
*SP9GFI " 515,394 620 411 *SP4SHD 3.7 268,521 417 309 *YO8RFJ " 17,334 83 81 *IR9D " 5,832 58 54 EA7GZQ " 1,768 26 26
*SP8ALT " 511,430 602 398 *SP6DZ " 72,240 242 168 *YO6LA " 1,232 24 22 *IT9ELT " 85 18 17 EB4CWT " 720 26 24
*SQ1REX " 362,703 496 379 *SP5JK " 52,001 191 149 *YO5OHY 3.7 7,410 61 57 *IT9ACN 28 24,272 124 74 ED3B 28 1,152 28 24
*SN5Z " 336,452 563 361 *SO55K " 42,687 192 153 *YO4CSL " 5,022 54 54 *IT9RZU " 585 17 15 (OP: E A3BOX)
*SQ2MO " 329,004 517 333 *SP1FRC " 29,493 129 113 *YO3BA " 1,539 27 27 *IR9K 21 785,844 738 498 EA5DFV 21 492,877 595 407
*SP6VWX " 280,440 484 328 *SQ8NGO " 19,700 109 100 *YO8RZJ 1.8 17,266 110 89 (OP: IT9WDC) EA7Q " 205,114 414 299
*SP9TKW " 247,577 451 317 *SP3GTS " 18,228 103 93 *IF9A 14 1,436,796 1442 746 EA4TG " 161,980 397 260
*SP7Y " 225,582 373 287 *SQ8OLL " 3,528 54 49 Sardinia (OP: IT9ATF) EC7WR " 127,089 333 243
*SQ9ANS " 222,585 395 285 *SQ9BDB " 720 20 20 ISØMHD A 19,530 96 93 *IT9CAR " 59,752 260 194 EA1AA " 41,832 154 126
*SP3DAT " 207,692 397 274 *SP8EA " 126 9 9 ISØBSR 14 178,144 510 304 *IT9IRV " 41,418 206 177 EA3OH " 35,960 130 116
*SN9T " 206,980 337 262 *SP6LUV 1.8 138,706 326 223 *IWØUWE 7 15,908 103 82 *IT9IDR " 3 1 1 EA4M " 4,500 56 50
*SP5TE " 189,882 382 274 *SP5EWX " 29,480 147 110 *ISØDJA " 15,300 96 85 *IT9DQM 3.7 3,480 40 40 EA7I 14 130,801 415 253
*SP5X " 182,250 378 270 *SP9FMP " 9,009 78 63 *ISØAEM " 2,244 35 34 (OP: IZ2WFL) ED3C 7 2,882,152 1660 728
*SN4D " 179,424 376 252 *SQ9PPT " 1,740 34 30 (OP: E A3IBV)
(OP: SP4GAP) Scotland Slovak Republic EC1T " 34,882 111 107
*SP8BDF " 176,379 348 259 Portugal MM9I A 2,291,982 1530 726 OM4M A 559,284 686 418 EC5APA " 20,196 115 108
*SQ2EAN " 157,845 352 255 CR6K A 11,543,592 3744 1194 (OP: GMØOPS) (OP: OM4KK) EA7KI " 120 8 8
*SO5V " 138,050 322 251 (OP: CT1CJJ) MMØAOQ " 1,323,120 1405 596 OM1AVL " 536,552 574 376 EC4T 3.7 5,824 57 52
(OP: SQ5PMB) CT1BOL " 924,288 819 498 MM2N " 679,684 757 463 OM3GI " 525,184 589 373 *EB7A A 3,213,102 1929 867
*SQ7OVT " 132,379 288 221 CT1DSV " 361,472 479 353 (OP: MMØGPZ) OM3CPF " 171,600 347 260 *EF7W " 1,684,125 1183 675
*SP8CHI " 126,270 307 230 CT7AHV " 236,096 330 238 MM1E " 552,573 746 441 OM6AL " 170,300 382 260 (OP: EC7KW)
*SP2AWJ " 120,825 302 225 CT7AKW " 187,460 362 260 (OP: MMØGOR) OM3RM 14 4,177,536 2064 946 *EA1R " 800,139 984 541
*SP9PD " 119,554 310 226 CT1AGS " 71,455 172 155 MM4D " 246,024 427 306 OM6MW " 55,533 217 173 *EC5NJ " 736,368 878 529
CT1DIZ 21 265,300 558 350 (OP: GM4ATA) OM3CW 7 160,545 367 231 *EA7GX " 732,688 951 506
*SQ2HEB " 118,320 298 232
CT2KNA " 131,688 320 236 GM2Y " 165,272 369 283 OM6NM 3.7 1,588,881 1183 609 *EA4EUI " 589,372 713 434
*SP4KWD " 111,690 281 219
CR6T 7 10,030,726 2592 1013 (OP: MMØDXH) OM5WW " 1,266,198 1082 551 *EF3T " 342,220 513 355
*SP6U " 104,304 290 212
CT1AL " 19,992 93 84 MMØDXC " 147,605 336 265 OM2XW 1.8 259,448 462 287 (OP: EA3T)
*SP9NSA " 101,574 267 198 *CT2HOV A 1,085,084 990 572 *OM7RU A 1,254,528 873 594
MMØHTL " 45,453 172 139 *EA4EF " 332,559 520 339
*SP3GTP " 101,388 272 213
*CT1BXT " 772,992 732 488 GMØV " 22,420 96 95 *OM2DT " 254,065 406 305 *EA5W " 310,375 485 325
*SP7TEX " 98,085 256 195 *CT7AQF " 405,460 641 388 (OP: GMØOQV) *OM6AT " 133,104 307 236 *EA1IQ " 291,718 490 311
*SP1V " 93,504 250 192 *CT2IMG " 103,896 222 216 GM2V " 21,620 101 94 *OM3ZU " 117,760 300 230 *ED1S " 284,144 482 344
(OP: SP1QXK) *CT2HUU " 90,710 220 193 (OP: GM3WOJ) *OM1EE " 116,100 293 215 *EA3HXT " 225,872 404 304
*SQ3IOE " 86,208 248 192 *CT2JBD " 48,096 171 144 MM5AII " 1,980 37 36 *OM1AVV " 54,132 191 156 *EA7BD " 185,703 326 259
*SN3N " 82,450 260 194 *CR7AWL " 36,582 156 134 GM5X 14 2,704,132 1720 787 *OM8ST " 47,740 171 140 *EA7K " 150,479 319 259
(OP: SP3ATB) *CT7AOK " 23,230 126 115 (OP: GM4YXI) *OM5AST " 20,034 129 106 *EA1IXQ " 147,972 301 236
*SP4TB " 79,872 224 192 *CT7AUP " 12,445 97 95 *MMØMUN A 103,630 299 215 *OM6APR " 19,270 105 94 *EA5IXO " 147,147 307 231
*SQ9EDZ " 73,325 231 175 *CT1KNL " 9,954 95 79 *GM3TAL " 60,053 200 161 *OM5MX " 16,740 103 93 *EC3ALS " 146,280 345 265
*SP8KM " 72,332 222 169 *CT1EBM " 8,442 70 63 *MMØNBW " 51,168 203 164 *OM4CI " 9,648 75 72 *EA3KT " 135,207 340 249
*SQ1BHH " 49,247 156 121 *CS7AFM " 6,435 71 55 *GM5BDX " 24,320 149 128 *OM7AT " 2,079 35 33 *EA1T " 124,696 279 218
*SP5WAZ " 45,990 176 146 *CS7ADQ " 126 9 9 *2MØYTN " 16,530 112 95 *OM7LW 21 19,890 95 78 *EE2A " 97,500 251 195
*SQ5AM " 44,238 192 146 *CT5GOJ 28 243 9 9 *MMØINH " 15,900 118 100 *OM6DN 14 143,418 353 246 (OP: EA2SN)
*SQ9KQS " 42,924 193 147 *CT1BWU 21 65,363 189 163 *MMØEDZ " 13,588 95 86 *OM7PY 7 149,358 309 219 *EA3KR " 93,480 265 205
*SP5UFK " 42,744 167 137 *CT1HIX " 29,835 139 117 *GM3C " 11,557 91 91 *OM5KM 3.7 227,329 402 281 *EA4EX " 92,040 241 195
*SP3BBS " 40,392 160 136 *CQ7BWW 14 208,600 392 350 (OP: GMØWED) *OM6TX " 175,644 348 252 *EE5O " 89,438 247 197
*SP2MKI " 36,841 142 133 *CQ7F " 140,500 326 281 *GM4UYZ " 5,208 63 62 *OM3IAG " 135,561 301 219 (OP: EA5ITJ)
*SP6KK " 31,552 147 116 (OP: CT1FOQ) *GM5JET " 2,888 40 38 *OM1ST " 72,036 214 174 *EA1OT " 89,423 302 223
*SP1ETT " 30,888 140 117 *CT2JGU " 69,720 310 210 *MMØGSS " 1,056 22 22 *OM8ATS " 66,000 200 165 *EA2KV " 77,080 258 205
*SP2GCE " 30,810 146 130 *CS7BAC " 28,400 160 142 *GM6PZY " 414 20 18 *OM6AMP " 57,222 182 153 *EA7CVF " 72,200 237 190
*SP9ODM " 27,830 139 121 *CT7AIX " 24,955 133 115 *GM9C 14 20,701 141 127 *OM3CDN " 55,176 189 152 *EB3FLY " 69,426 219 174
*SQ9ZAX " 26,588 101 92 *CT1EXR " 9,471 81 77 (OP: MMØGHM) *OM6ASP " 11,753 80 73 *EA4DGZ " 68,780 202 190
*SP6DHH " 24,840 145 120 *CT7AOB " 1,260 30 30 *MM7JGY " 20 5 4 *OM6ACA " 3,542 48 46 *EA1G " 55,322 170 139
*SP9WPN " 24,115 108 91 *CT7ARQ " 70 11 10 *EA4EJR " 54,750 182 150
*SQ3POS " 23,540 138 110 *CT1ENV 7 98,640 203 180 Serbia Slovenia *EA3OW " 53,841 142 131
*SP3ITD " 23,530 158 130 YTØW A 1,644,995 1330 605 S57AL A 10,891,322 3007 1202 *EA3AQ " 42,240 156 128
*SQ9ZAY " 23,067 118 99 (OP: YU1JW) S53M " 7,588,114 2553 1126 *EA5FCW " 36,519 167 141
*SP6MI " 23,000 122 100
Republic of Kosovo
Z62FB A 315,398 715 358 YT5DM " 557,032 577 406 (OP: S53ZO) *EA1ITX " 35,224 170 136
*SP8BOZ " 21,364 128 109 YT4TT " 97,019 240 221 S52WW " 1,285,592 1078 616 *EB5CS " 27,816 137 114
Z61DX 14 38,220 193 156
*SP2WGB " 20,265 119 105 YU5A " 83,520 215 180 S53F " 260,624 358 358 *EA5/RV2A " 26,467 148 133
*SO9B " 19,600 112 98 Romania YT4T " 3,774 44 37 S51DD " 228,520 398 290 *EA4B " 26,078 123 118
(OP: SQ9IUB) YO7WC A 3,770,629 2119 911 YT8A 28 10,431 75 57 S51R " 147,815 324 235 *EA3AYQ " 25,212 157 132
*SP1J " 18,462 110 102 YQ6A " 2,951,291 2051 797 YT9A 21 110,920 218 188 S53TG " 23,226 82 79 *EA3W " 24,100 123 100
(OP: SP1EG) (OP: YO6BHN) YT7R " 4,958 48 37 S59T " 2,040 36 34 *EA1JCE " 23,548 142 116
*SP1R/MM " 17,820 115 99 YPØC " 2,901,888 2135 792 (OP: YU7BW) S53MM 21 573,750 628 375 *EA1GQ " 22,968 132 116
*SP4KZ " 15,580 117 95 (OP: YO3CZW) YT1X 14 4,399,260 2405 1020 S55OO 14 6,834,681 2913 1099 *EA4Z " 21,424 131 103
*SP9WOL " 14,094 89 81 YO8BDW " 1,152,008 1083 572 YU3DKO " 977,676 1208 618 S5ØK " 6,648,830 2742 1135 *EA4IE " 18,183 95 87
*SP6MPK " 12,580 97 85 YO3RU " 769,590 910 510 YU3AWA " 688,242 1063 502 S57DX " 4,478,265 2281 981 *EA2ESK " 17,050 136 110
*SP3QDX " 11,475 84 75 YO7CW " 482,752 637 397 YT6T " 275,280 598 370 S56B " 2,048,515 1493 749 *EF3R " 14,800 120 100
*SP9TDA " 8,360 82 76 YO9AYN " 237,688 373 296 (OP: YU7CM) S56M " 1,430,900 1156 698 (OP: EA3EYO)
*SQ8F " 8,280 80 69 YO2AA " 225,834 421 283 YT5M " 272,340 573 340 S5ØR " 316,107 459 279 *EA5JDN " 14,600 112 100
*SP5MDB " 7,869 65 61 YO3GNF " 199,920 390 272 YT2ISM " 230,580 628 315 S57AW " 195,585 337 255 *EA5KV " 12,358 82 74
*SO9P " 6,144 48 48 YO3CIY " 44,800 187 140 YT1A 7 3,273,567 1649 759 S58L " 93,214 284 223 *EA1AIW " 11,988 87 81
*SP4FDF " 5,432 57 56 YO9GMI " 43,488 193 151 YT3D " 1,618,758 1019 558 S56BL " 986 34 29 *EA4CWW " 11,648 102 91
*SP4BAO " 5,050 54 50 YO2LDU " 7,250 64 58 YT7AA " 1,317,235 892 569 S51YI 7 7,535,800 2213 1025 *EA5IVR " 9,520 86 80
*SP9IVD " 4,371 50 47 YO7NE " 18 2 2 YU1UO " 1,055,080 854 520 S51CK " 4,765,635 2117 861 *EA4RY " 6,270 62 55
*SQ2DYL " 4,042 53 47 YO3HOT 21 84,906 210 159 YU1LD 3.7 286,748 495 308 S54ZZ 3.7 2,266,301 1516 659 *EA4EMO " 5,500 57 55
*SP2TQQ " 3,744 50 48 YO9HP 14 733,950 1044 525 YU1IQR " 232,869 425 273 S51DX " 29,670 133 115 *EA5IUS " 4,935 50 47
*SP5YW " 3,588 49 46 YO9GR " 93,508 334 241 YT1HA " 48,720 170 140 S56X 1.8 380,250 548 338 *EA4GJT " 4,420 57 52
*SP4SAF " 3,078 39 38 YO3FGO " 21,600 140 120 *YTØX A 71,820 205 180 *S55X A 1,544,620 1267 595 *EB2DJ " 4,410 54 49
*SP9IHP " 2,992 29 22 YO9RIJ 7 527,714 627 374 (OP: YT1TX) *S55AL " 607,066 791 433 *EA3HLF " 4,185 50 45
*SQ2TAC " 2,583 42 41 YO3JW " 185,220 320 252 *YT5BOS " 61,992 206 164 *S52ON " 247,254 454 294 *EA4BXO " 4,087 65 61
*SP4HXV " 1,845 51 45 YO2YA 3.7 136,512 300 216 *YT5JLA " 29,040 136 110 *S51JQ " 142,848 280 248 *EA4ERZ " 3,792 50 48
*SP5ETS " 1,300 27 26 *YO7SR A 967,232 973 544 *YT2U " 21,939 113 103 *S51I " 106,920 216 216 *EC1AQT " 3,016 56 52
*SQ7BCN " 1,122 22 22 *YO8PS " 678,970 709 430 *YU1ML " 17,658 125 109 *S56C " 94,966 258 206 *EA3GZA " 2,988 37 36
*SQ5FM " 1,066 26 26 *YO4DG " 574,600 821 442 *YU4PTL " 8,580 90 78 *S55KA " 61,398 194 162 *EA1AAP " 2,275 37 35
*SP3BES " 936 25 24 *YR2X " 552,024 636 408 *YU4BAH " 8,550 84 75 *S5ØPB " 35,763 149 131 *EA4TA " 1,995 36 35
*SQ5R " 756 22 21 (OP: YO2LEA) *YU4OIZ 28 1,960 30 28 *S56VHR " 25,877 141 113 *EA4AOJ " 1,989 42 39
*SP2UKG " 756 22 21 *YO4NF " 507,048 721 444 *YT2RX " 1,098 21 18 *S56KHL " 25,833 116 109 *EA3HWC " 1,560 27 24
*SP9BJV " 726 27 22 *YO6XK " 410,916 567 363 *YU3EEA 21 101,332 247 196 *S52W " 23,381 124 103 *EA4HBG " 1,148 29 28
*SP3RP " 624 24 24 *YO6GUU " 308,357 517 343 *YU7ZZ " 41,496 136 114 *S55VM " 21,255 119 109 *EA1HWD " 810 27 27
*SNØW " 18 3 2 *YO3GCL " 258,125 418 295 *YT7E 14 247,416 558 338 *S55KM " 19,278 113 102 *EA4HKF " 429 13 13
(OP: SQ9HQ) *YO9IAB " 202,526 399 262 *YT1BX " 76,532 263 212 *S51Z " 17,316 84 74 *EA3IFV " 406 14 14
*SNØR 28 60 5 4 *YO8SBQ " 112,706 270 218 *YT4ZZ " 39,812 177 148 *S57KM " 15,486 100 87 *EB3AM " 288 12 12
(OP: SQ9IAU) *YO4RST " 111,800 256 215 *YU1LG " 21,756 140 111 *S5ØRR " 11,340 85 81 *EA4GHV " 230 10 10
*SP7CVW 21 5,160 45 40 *YO8THG " 91,884 241 186 *YT3H " 294 15 14 *S57WW " 7,938 69 63 *EA4CFT " 105 7 7
*SP3CMX " 2,291 31 29 *YO4RDW " 80,920 215 170 *YT3T 7 400,624 555 343 *S55K " 7,192 69 62 *EA4AA 28 11,718 81 54
*SP3W " 1,736 28 28 *YO5PVZ " 73,260 216 180 *YT8WW " 328,636 494 308 *S5ØLD " 1,650 30 30 *EA5HAY " 3 1 1
*SQ6ELV " 1,197 21 21 *YO4AAC " 62,156 209 164 *YT5LD " 59,748 182 156 *S57ZM " 735 23 21 (OP: EA5HJO)
*SP4MPA " 420 14 14 *YO3VU " 55,680 180 145 *YU4VIK " 26,400 108 100 *S53MR 7 319,200 444 304 *EA5EOR 21 70,493 193 157
*SP5LGN " 270 10 9 *YO8MI " 31,510 165 137 *YU5T " 10,626 72 69 *EA7L " 43,660 159 148
*SN9B 14 135,540 342 251 *YO7OWI " 27,612 138 117 *YU4ANA 3.7 193,041 359 267 Spain *EA5JN " 41,736 166 141
*3Z6V " 132,354 341 258 *YO5PUV " 27,120 138 120 *YT5DOX " 127,379 326 217 EB5A A 9,372,617 3245 1163 *EA5ASM " 18,216 106 92
*SP9MAT " 114,500 296 229 *YO4GO " 21,470 105 95 *YU5W " 61,304 190 158 (OP: EA5GTQ @EA5RS) *EF5U " 10,960 81 80
*SQ5AAG " 39,450 197 150 *YO7LDT " 20,488 119 104 *YU1RSV " 17,280 100 90 EA3QP " 6,985,748 2705 1036 (OP: EA5U)
*SQ8GUM " 38,920 196 140 *YO2MOO " 20,160 131 120 EA3CI " 3,705,300 2096 895 *EC1YP " 1,302 32 31
*SP8CGU " 24,128 138 116 *YO3IPR " 16,950 81 75 Sicily EA1L " 3,462,629 1965 859 *EC3CVD 14 310,344 612 402
*SP3PW " 18,231 125 103 *YO6DBL " 16,107 99 91 II9W A 747,890 854 523 EA4KD " 2,761,583 1905 787 *EA3XR " 217,425 481 325
*SQ8BGR " 17,640 98 98 *YO7HHE " 13,205 106 95 II9L 28 51,975 197 105 EE7P " 2,433,105 1784 807 *EA1Z " 203,705 487 311
*SQ3PMX " 17,136 114 102 *YO6HSU " 11,154 72 66 IT9XTP " 13,260 84 65 EA1SA " 1,559,250 1195 594 *EA2VE " 178,891 451 289
*SP9KJU " 15,400 99 88 *YO4BXX " 9,940 80 71 IT9ICW " 5,547 53 43 EA3C " 839,016 980 542 *EA1DHB " 175,840 414 314
(OP: SP9MDY) *YO5CTS " 7,920 69 66 IB9T 21 1,359,131 975 599 EF1X " 616,308 670 483 *EE1B " 109,134 293 258
*SP5ENG " 13,446 100 81 *YO9BXE " 5,886 56 54 (OP: IT9BLB) (OP: EA1M) (OP: EA1Y)
*SP4AAZ " 8,778 86 77 *YO2CJX " 4,140 49 45 IT9AEQ " 453,750 590 375 EA3PT " 470,492 666 407 *EA4RR " 21,970 147 130
*SQ8AL " 6,283 67 61 *YO9HG " 3,672 64 54 II9Y " 175,185 301 229 EA2DMH " 445,200 649 420 *EA3IJT " 8,395 79 73
*SP4LOM " 5,160 66 60 *YO8DOH " 1,972 36 34 (OP: IT9IQQ) EA2XR " 413,287 577 391 *EA2XG " 4,788 70 63
(OP: SP4NKJ) *YO7MSJ " 221 13 13 IT9STX 14 1,644,780 1702 694 EA1CYK " 364,026 491 338 *EA5EZA " 3,640 56 52

102 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

*EA7JWT " 3,588 61 52 UT7CR " 4,097,528 2324 872 *UX2HB " 19,314 94 87 YB4HIB " 36,366 261 87 *YC9AUY " 9,900 125 60
*EA4HIH " 1,764 44 42 UW1M " 3,664,506 1769 894 *USØHZ " 11,560 77 68 YBØFLY " 30,320 211 80 *YB2UFM " 9,660 84 60
*EA3DMN " 1,224 25 24 EO5ØFF " 2,268,399 1905 763 *UX7Q 3.7 110,085 257 205 YBØPJF " 30,260 99 85 *YB1HBO " 9,588 122 47
*EA5HJO " 192 16 16 (OP: UXØFF) (OP: UR3QFB) YB1LRG " 22,572 151 66 *YC1EBM " 9,118 139 47
*EF3O 7 399,050 494 347 UV5U " 1,597,918 1270 622 *US5LOD " 33,550 136 122 YE8RAF " 21,758 155 86 *YB1BRS " 8,866 69 62
(OP: EA3O) (OP: UX1UA) *UW1U 1.8 32,262 145 114 YB7FQA " 20,075 191 73 *YDØTRR " 8,820 155 45
*EA4GVA " 181,984 302 242 UT4U " 1,133,220 810 510 (OP: UT7UA) YC1CRR " 18,559 72 67 *YE3CGG " 8,800 111 55
*EA3AWP " 67,732 206 164 US2IR " 1,035,780 1022 566 YB2XDU " 16,124 223 58 *YB4KAR " 8,427 91 53
*EA2CE " 12,403 89 79 UR5RP " 878,850 961 525 Wales YB3DXG " 13,580 105 70 *YBØISE " 8,372 77 52
*EA5ISU " 3,450 54 50 UY5VA " 794,170 1039 533 MWØJKU A 160,983 382 279 YB4HPI " 11,682 132 66 *YBØKTT " 8,288 76 56
*EA1IEQ " 6 2 2 UZ1U " 618,240 840 480 GWØJWC " 28,689 152 131 YBØDOS " 10,850 148 62 *YC9BVB " 7,844 121 53
*EE7L 3.7 316,948 489 316 EM5N " 430,660 542 353 GWØARK " 6,858 58 54 YB6IUP " 7,599 71 51 *YB3EF " 7,425 60 55
(OP: EA7HLU) (OP: UT7NY) MW2I 21 10,660 72 65 YF3BWY " 7,304 61 44 *YC1JXU " 7,350 147 42
*EB3A " 3,280 40 40 UT7FA " 418,338 611 366 (OP: GW5NF) YB7CTN " 880 19 16 *YD1DAA " 6,985 116 55
UZ1WW " 406,596 529 372 MWØYVK 7 413,936 620 328 YB3FTD 28 0 2 2 *YC1CBY " 6,660 117 45
Svalbard US7IA " 387,739 538 349 *MW8R A 321,376 521 352 YC1JGE 21 354,715 423 305 *YCØMLE " 6,424 116 44
JW2T A 525,389 614 431 UT1UL " 350,840 458 358 (OP: GW4SHF) YC8AO " 279,038 398 283 *YC7VGB " 6,254 116 53
*JW7QIA 14 20,787 133 123 UR1HR " 327,008 542 352 *GW9T " 47,952 209 162 YC9XYP " 253,820 438 245 *YCØRWL " 6,248 115 44
UT6EE " 247,212 409 324 (OP: MW1MDH) YC9ELS " 123,420 294 187 *YC1DFE " 6,063 77 47
Sweden US5QUB " 222,642 392 279 *GW7ERI " 40,698 176 153 YF2UFA " 33,630 137 114 *YC1JNV " 6,042 99 53
SK75AT A 2,638,776 1559 834 UY7C " 199,520 362 290 *GW1PJP " 36,600 175 150 YB3BLJ " 11,532 70 62 *YC3RBI " 5,353 80 53
(OP: SM2LIY) UT5ECZ " 134,838 249 227 *GW8KBO " 33,120 149 120 YC6BTI " 462 17 14 *YC1BVT " 5,330 110 41
8SØC " 1,565,304 1076 696 UTØZT " 133,464 375 249 *MW7KJC " 25,155 157 129 YE3WIL " 187 11 11 *YE8DWC " 4,644 70 43
(OP: SMØMPV) UT1QQ " 129,948 332 238 *GW5L 14 169,885 407 305 YBØECT 14 73,698 199 142 *YD2UFV " 4,608 103 36
SM5Q " 600,660 735 470 UX2QL " 129,299 312 239 (OP: GW4ZAR) YB1DOL " 1,007 21 19 *YC1GDF " 4,578 104 42
SM6MVE " 314,072 506 332 UX7IW " 118,220 406 257 *GW4W 3.7 94,311 242 189 YB2YEN " 814 27 22 *YC5KXI " 4,386 69 34
SC3A " 282,100 503 350 UR5ECW " 79,799 237 199 (OP: GW4EVX) YC8MJG 7 309,960 457 216 *YB2CBD " 4,223 122 41
(OP: SM3WMU) US6IKT " 77,865 235 179 YC7EVA " 112,472 354 136 *YC8MGN " 3,567 82 41
SMØN " 118,456 315 221 UV2V " 77,562 223 186 YB8ROP " 25,810 128 89 *YB1DUU " 3,392 106 32
(OP: SMØJCA) (OP: UX1VX) OCEANIA YF8RQN " 24,252 209 86 *YF9DCH " 2,625 52 35
SE6C " 72,771 242 191 UR5R " 68,886 201 178 Australia YB2TAN " 19,404 81 66 *YC1NXR " 2,560 40 40
SM5EPO " 66,768 191 156 (OP: UTØRM) VK4QH A 2,824,074 1399 561 YE9CZY " 16,520 186 59 *YB4MDL " 2,542 60 31
SA6SKA " 54,936 206 168 UT3UV " 68,681 220 173 VK2BY " 922,154 803 386 YF7RIX " 14,152 69 58 *YC1CAR " 1,914 67 29
SJ3A " 52,052 197 169 UR5E " 20,424 107 92 VK2WWV " 477,325 485 305 YC3CQY " 9,600 146 50 *YD1LYG " 1,896 79 24
(OP: SM3OMO) (OP: UR5EDX) VK2PW " 465,986 462 302 YD2CRN " 7,248 118 48 *YG3EMH " 1,881 57 33
SD6M " 35,245 161 133 UW3HM " 13,824 106 96 VK3IO " 370,720 354 224 YC7IZJ " 6,700 99 50 *YD3BQQ " 1,820 66 26
(OP: SA6BGR) UR4EI " 9,548 76 62 VK6DW " 113,696 293 176 YB4JOY " 4,096 96 32 *YB9KVE " 1,769 49 29
SF6U " 28,987 113 101 USØU " 6,786 63 58 VK7GN " 66,442 177 139 YC3GFN " 3,477 121 61 *YDØAZZ " 1,586 45 26
(OP: SM6CMU) (OP: USØUX) VK2DG " 65,152 194 128 YCØSAS " 3,080 64 35 *YB1DO " 1,560 42 26
SA6P " 28,435 153 121 UV1IX " 4,368 60 56 VK7GH " 62,594 139 119 YC3NHW " 2,880 122 45 *YC1BCH " 1,430 40 26
(OP: SA6AVB) US3EZ " 3,999 47 43 VK3MH " 30,667 111 91 YC7LP " 2,343 56 33 *YC9CYN " 1,378 42 26
SE5E " 15,900 124 106 UW4E 21 443,190 621 374 VK3MB " 26,814 103 82 YDØPUC " 2,160 34 30 *YB9BCS " 1,254 34 33
(OP: SM5AJV) (OP: UT5EDX) VK5GR " 13,392 76 62 YC7DDU " 2,025 34 25 *YD1ECR " 1,219 48 23
SGØM " 10,530 86 81 UZ5DX " 309,149 451 307 VK3KTT " 11,664 56 54 YC1EIS " 1,080 56 27 *YB1DJO " 1,210 25 22
(OP: SAØAQT) UR6IJ " 34,485 147 121 VK3JA " 9,016 50 46 YE3AA " 836 24 19 *YD2KBO " 1,150 37 25
SE3T " 9,408 58 56 UR5QW " 2,002 29 26 VK3AVV " 7,708 51 41 YB8OJO " 690 32 30 *YC1PYY " 880 29 20
SMØHRP " 2,432 42 38 UZØU 14 1,826,616 1640 748 VK4JU " 2,960 40 37 YD1RYJ " 364 30 13 *YD1EYC " 572 42 22
SA5HUB " 2,240 40 40 (OP: V LAD-UY5ZZ) VK5MK " 624 23 16 YB2BBZ " 208 9 8 *YC1OWI " 169 15 13
SF4D 14 745,797 847 507 EM2G " 330,444 664 411 VK2PN " 352 12 11 YC7DDW " 6 3 2 *YC1EMD " 96 16 12
(OP: SM4LMV) (OP: UR7GO) VK3TZ 28 55 5 5 YC3RJL 3.7 1,782 50 27 *YB9YSS " 65 7 5
SM6GYB " 46,551 195 177 UT4RZ " 87,483 313 241 VK4NM 21 6,795 59 45 YB1BLW " 1,512 50 27 *YD2UWF 28 1,400 30 25
SM6YNO " 3,465 35 33 UT2UB " 37,995 169 149 VK2CZ 14 138,189 241 219 YF3FZR " 666 27 18 *YB2ECG " 210 11 10
SD1A " 1,677 43 39 UXØRR " 25,488 132 118 *VK5PAS A 243,789 346 247 YBØMWM " 260 13 13 *YD9UW " 32 4 4
(OP: SM1TDE) UT7ZM " 255 17 17 *VK4NH " 119,821 273 169 *YB1DMK A 675,108 758 378 *YB9GV 21 999,254 835 454
SM7DQV 7 123,264 280 214 US1Q 7 7,800,540 2243 1060 *VK2PAA " 117,245 281 179 *YC3DOC " 434,160 540 335 *YC9FAR " 729,656 676 409
*SE4E A 748,840 845 485 (OP: US8ICM) *VK4SK " 45,539 157 113 *YCØAGW " 426,564 560 306 *YC1LJT " 449,264 500 344
(OP: S M4DQE) UW5ZM " 3,660,260 1651 788 *VK3VJP " 5,750 53 46 *YC2YIZ " 289,992 539 258 *YF8DJ " 403,818 530 321
*8S8S " 478,584 592 408 UT3N " 38,121 159 131 *VK6HNM " 1,008 26 24 *YB2XVT " 280,236 444 242 *YB5OUB " 238,832 348 253
(OP: SM5XSH) (OP: UT3NK) *VK6JJM " 240 16 12 *YB8RW " 274,200 552 200 *YC2CPQ " 232,716 350 258
*SE6K " 140,844 346 242 UT5X 3.7 2,123,366 1388 658 *VK4FJAM " 136 12 8 *YB1RKT " 256,284 398 252 *YB7OO " 195,720 364 233
(OP: SM6FZO) (OP: UT2XQ) *VK5IR " 117 9 9 *YB8IBD " 239,524 469 233 *YC3ATK " 55,322 166 139
*SD6F " 125,840 327 242 UY3AW " 5,980 53 52 *VK4PR 28 3,328 38 32 *YB7WR " 230,282 352 221 *YF3EKS " 50,518 169 134
*SM5DXR " 123,874 329 241 UT8IK 1.8 12,284 82 74 *VK2WTT 21 1,600 26 25 *YB9UA " 212,300 497 220 *YC1VVV " 38,308 142 122
*SB5X " 70,980 227 182 *UW8SM A 1,324,576 1172 568 *VK3VDX " 738 19 18 *YC9BAC " 167,647 467 197 *YB9GWR " 26,190 119 90
*SM5JVF " 66,783 248 197 *UX2MF " 889,515 892 495 *VK4FJ " 377 13 13 *YC2XCD " 125,034 380 182 *YC1ELL " 23,976 130 111
*SM5ACQ " 51,240 194 168 *UY2UQ " 688,618 900 487 *VK3EV 7 819 17 13 *YC9MX " 115,993 372 193 *YC9FZ " 17,222 86 79
*SM6NT " 37,062 160 142 *UR4QFP " 497,154 667 399 *VK1DD " 161 9 7 *YB1SNS " 110,360 392 155 *YB1BML " 14,514 95 82
*SK6QA " 35,772 151 132 *UT8IM " 478,000 648 400 *YB5ELS " 103,149 363 157 *YBØANJ " 11,160 68 62
(OP: SA6AXR) *US7IY " 444,030 625 361 Brunei Darussalem *YB1HDR " 102,312 228 174 (OP: 4F3JX)
*SM6IQD " 24,192 134 112 *UT4EK " 378,672 549 343 V85AHV 14 34,713 157 87 *YC1CQU " 94,828 314 157 *YB3BME " 8,174 66 61
*SE5W " 23,030 115 98 *UY1IP " 368,335 691 407 *V85T A 50,180 192 130 *YCØSCV " 94,545 243 165 *YC2KDU " 7,506 57 54
(OP: SM5NQB) *UT3SO " 343,989 524 333 *YCØSCZ " 78,971 186 157 *YB8CMT " 6,642 57 54
*SM8B " 16,728 125 102 *UT3HD " 285,144 481 327 East Malaysia *YC9AOS " 71,064 263 141 *YC7JRC " 3,920 40 40
(OP: SAØBVA) *UR2LX " 257,131 500 337 *9M8DEN A 205,073 447 181 *YB1APD " 57,794 167 142 *YB8XOB " 3,325 37 35
*SE6J " 10,168 98 82 *UT2MZ " 244,062 427 298 *9M6NA " 9,847 79 43 *YCØARK " 53,955 343 99 *YC1FZK " 1,352 28 26
(OP: SM6XHM) *UT3UFI " 220,281 445 303 *9W6EZ 28 13,395 87 57 *YCØSJK " 51,606 209 122 *YC2YSW " 1,078 23 22
*SF5M " 7,308 72 63 *UR5WCQ " 196,840 343 280 *9M6ZAE " 5,535 49 41 *YC1RET " 47,369 244 101 *YCØBAS " 198 12 11
(OP: SM5SYO) *UX1CL " 165,750 327 250 *9M7DX 14 1,288 28 23 *YG9EPK " 45,084 195 102 *YC8EJ 14 45,998 230 109
*SF5O " 3,780 47 45 *UR8UX " 130,050 268 225 (OP: 9W6FAD) *YB3BGM " 44,770 187 121 *YB2GV " 23,920 100 92
(OP: SMØEOS) *UTØCK " 117,248 296 229 *9W6MUL 7 76,998 186 123 *YC1AYO " 42,500 128 100 *YB7MD " 19,280 95 80
*SMØBYO " 1,274 29 26 *UV5EEO " 107,486 304 223 *9W8ZZK " 26,432 192 64 *YC7YDB " 40,902 243 102 *YB1BGI " 3,010 38 35
*SA7AOI " 225 9 9 *UX7QG " 87,400 243 190 *9W6AJA " 11,832 66 51 *YBØGIN " 40,800 261 102 *YE4IJ " 1,430 23 22
*SM3EAE 14 3,392 60 53 *UT1AN " 77,463 198 171 *9W8AKN " 5,832 63 36 *YCØSCL " 39,690 308 98 *YB1NIN " 1,104 32 24
*SM6NET " 3,224 56 52 *UR5CN " 62,410 211 158 *9W6XEZ " 4,080 47 34 *YC8MKA " 39,483 290 107 *YB8VRA " 540 18 18
*SM5VTP " 20 5 4 *UY5TE " 55,776 210 168 *YC2KJC " 37,286 235 103 *YD9AAI 7 184,764 395 173
*SM6CWP " 3 1 1 *UZ2U " 49,800 196 150 Guam *YCØAUU " 36,084 183 93 *YCØBAC " 152,684 291 164
*SM7ATL 7 13,284 86 81 (OP: UT3UZ) *KH2INC A 315,261 605 207 (OP: YDØAUU) *YD2ELT " 130,508 414 158
*UT8IV " 46,359 199 153 (OP: KH2ZZ) *YB3BBF " 34,860 129 105 *YD9VE " 128,557 253 143
Switzerland *UT4UB " 44,496 170 144 *YD1WAT " 33,516 299 76 *YD9WTS " 121,675 271 155
HB9DQL A 2,170,168 1336 728 *UR3VKR " 43,030 139 130 Hawaii *YB1MIG " 32,946 183 114 *YDØNHG " 117,595 331 145
HB9CVQ " 1,306,470 1027 535 *UW5EMC " 42,570 158 129 WH7T A 2,224,285 1216 515 *YC1HLT " 32,900 229 94 *YD7ACD " 110,852 337 148
HB9OCR " 644,964 776 426 *US6IKF " 37,808 153 136 (OP: WH7W) *YB6UAF " 32,640 148 96 *YD3GIF " 69,153 377 111
HB9EYP " 405,451 566 373 *US4MAO " 33,153 152 129 WH6R " 85,442 190 119 *YF4ICC " 31,768 272 88 *YD5LCZ " 58,400 230 100
HB9EFJ " 394,632 487 406 *UT1WW " 32,264 139 109 KH6TU " 82,125 199 125 *YC2GBS " 28,475 251 85 *YD2BRN " 49,780 314 95
HB9DVH " 236,558 383 277 *UT4USA " 28,250 142 113 (OP: AD6E) *YB1KK " 28,026 108 81 *YF8CKM " 42,925 265 101
HB9CVE " 97,034 246 203 *UT8LN " 17,204 111 92 AH6FC " 47,880 151 114 *YD4SIZ " 26,800 168 80 *YD3CER " 41,676 253 92
HB9ZZ " 77,520 206 190 (OP: UV2L) KH6U " 42,018 128 94 *YF3ESW " 25,850 168 94 *YD2DEW " 40,050 187 89
(OP: HB9HDN) *UR4MF " 11,627 87 77 AH7C " 33,858 104 99 *YB8ADX " 25,553 169 101 *YD2ABS " 39,200 299 80
HB9EGA " 1,736 33 31 *UR4MS " 9,230 77 65 KH6DH " 10,718 61 46 *YBØDRV/8 " 23,520 115 80 *YD5AKH " 36,656 229 79
HB9HLM 14 353,615 567 359 *UW1WA " 8,642 69 58 *KH6CJJ A 1,026,080 941 352 *YB1MAE " 23,408 194 76 *YD7GTQ " 35,588 236 82
HB9EDM " 9,300 88 75 *US3LX " 7,910 76 70 *KH6HT " 45,493 140 97 *YB9GDP " 23,220 193 90 *YD1JEE " 31,836 194 84
HB9ODK 3.7 154,013 323 233 *UX7QV " 5,900 63 59 *NH6AB " 18,655 93 65 *YB1WCK " 23,085 92 81 *YC8DUL " 30,888 123 88
*HB9CU A 408,915 459 351 *UR1YAA " 4,018 51 49 *KH6ML " 3,698 55 43 *YC1NMT " 22,480 198 80 *YB8RVI " 29,670 181 86
(OP: HB9VQQ) *UR4LIN " 954 18 18 *KH6WG " 2,266 30 22 *YF9EAV " 22,050 167 75 *YF2BMJ " 26,334 200 77
*HB9IQY " 246,077 451 299 *UT3EK " 720 18 18 *KH6MOI " 480 13 12 *YF4IDW " 20,803 143 71 *YG3CMS " 26,064 201 72
*HB9FAP " 88,068 235 179 *US5WBJ " 544 18 17 *NH7PE " 56 4 4 *YC2KEJ " 20,384 107 91 *YG9WKB " 25,156 100 76
*HB9GPG " 82,712 257 196 *UT2HC " 464 17 16 *NH6XO 7 38,554 98 74 *YF3FBV " 18,614 122 82 *YD1IOU " 23,270 248 65
*HB9DBM " 74,670 194 190 *UY2IF 21 52,992 204 128 *WH6GKW " 2,450 29 25 *YB3BAR " 16,650 141 74 *YD1JDW " 22,050 154 70
*HB9WDY " 74,185 226 185 *UXØLL " 38,985 135 115 *YC1FTC " 15,708 185 66 *YD2DOP " 21,760 198 68
*HB9FXU " 35,968 144 128 *UW7EF " 23,343 119 93 Indonesia *YE1BHR " 15,616 194 61 *YCØKBE " 21,120 214 60
*HB9GZT " 25,047 125 121 *UT8EL " 20,944 118 88 YB2DX A 1,735,240 1221 520 *YCØKCW " 15,150 99 75 *YB8ACM " 20,625 177 75
*HB9DXB " 24,150 135 115 *UW2Q " 9,387 79 63 YB1DNF " 1,279,228 946 482 *YB1PT " 14,490 126 70 *YD5ACA " 20,196 178 66
*HB9HHN " 21,280 120 112 (OP: UR6QS) YBØIBM " 1,175,438 873 506 *YC1IDB " 14,448 192 56 *YC9CCU " 19,206 220 66
*HB9GFP " 20,475 119 105 *UW1WU " 4,560 44 40 YB2IQ " 909,480 767 424 *YC5SLA " 14,336 139 64 *YC7OCS " 19,126 153 73
*HB9FLX " 12,533 88 83 *UT5UN " 208 10 8 YC9BHJ " 908,800 889 400 *YB1BD " 14,025 83 75 *YD2CZF " 18,971 193 61
*HB5E " 5,856 51 48 *UT3EV 14 831,444 1238 579 YE1BON " 585,810 640 345 *YC2TDP " 13,680 135 80 *YB5MB " 18,971 220 61
(OP: HB9BUN) *UY3U " 632,184 1076 497 YB2MM " 553,860 675 340 *YCØSPC " 13,608 189 54 *YC3FTY " 18,460 190 65
*HB9HEI " 5,643 62 57 (OP: UT8UF) YB2HAF " 543,527 644 367 *YG1AEX " 13,166 155 58 *YC7ADH " 18,432 164 64
*HB9HID " 5,640 61 60 *UR2Y " 386,568 626 413 YB8UTI " 421,059 605 249 *YC1PZ " 12,920 85 76 *YC8SEO " 17,766 89 63
*HB9GWS " 4,472 49 43 (OP: USØYW) YBØNSI " 354,548 517 302 *YB8SB/7 " 12,870 85 65 *YD1EQX " 17,325 192 63
*HB9FVR " 3,555 46 45 *UT7QL " 289,641 581 393 YC7YGR " 316,224 540 244 *YC1EFR " 12,420 123 69 *YD1LFI " 17,080 177 61
*HB9GSR " 3,108 41 37 *UR5EPG " 51,688 208 182 YB1TJ " 192,696 342 217 *YB6PEN " 12,200 93 61 *YD1CXH " 16,878 188 58
*HB9CNY " 2,958 35 34 *UW5U " 10,668 99 84 YBØJVZ " 146,490 319 190 *YB1DCW " 12,104 91 68 *YD4SJA " 16,815 238 57
*HB9GKM " 2,183 37 37 (OP: UY2UA) YB1TQL " 122,472 416 189 *YD9MBM " 11,913 95 57 *YC7UVB " 16,590 176 70
*HB9EXR " 9 3 3 *UT5KL " 6,308 87 76 YB3IZK " 97,226 271 173 *YB1SKR " 11,834 121 61 *YD6IOV " 16,500 164 55
*HB3YGD 21 1,798 32 31 *EO3Q " 2,580 44 43 YC9VIZ " 75,348 187 117 *YD2UFR " 11,832 146 58 *YG3DEA " 16,470 191 61
*HB9CIC 14 120,480 306 251 (OP: UR3QCW) YC1ACC " 72,576 258 144 *YF9DSW " 11,032 143 56 *YG8FX " 16,348 185 67
*HB9HIC " 8 4 4 *UR7IE " 864 28 27 YBØFYA " 69,495 363 113 *YB7BAE " 10,854 178 67 *YD1BMI " 15,677 181 61
*HB9GSE 7 5,750 47 46 *UR6EA 7 855,142 756 478 YB6HAI " 61,285 189 119 *YB1ABY " 10,602 107 57 *YC5KLQ " 15,312 196 58
*UX1VT " 562,238 619 394 YC9DPO " 59,438 290 113 *YB7WBC " 10,472 149 68 *YD9UBT " 14,755 92 65
Ukraine *US1VM " 136,308 288 222 YC5DDE " 51,798 271 97 *YC1IFR " 10,380 127 60 *YD5ACR " 14,616 152 58
UW2M A 12,892,374 4470 1311 *UV3QF " 97,016 220 181 YC1DNR " 50,697 174 129 *YC1FDF " 10,126 70 61 *YC7BNN " 14,405 118 67
(OP: URØMC) *UR5WHQ " 66,728 176 152 YBØET " 49,950 141 111 *YD9BYY " 10,017 99 53 *YD5PYJ " 13,794 104 57

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 103

*YD1BBW " 13,282 118 58 New Zealand *LU7DV " 7,752 62 57 *PY2KS " 17,019 136 93 *PU2OOC " 12 6 6
*YD9WFT " 13,268 100 62 ZM4T A 7,131,780 1950 846 *LU2FDA " 7,300 58 50 *PY2RMY " 15,555 107 85 *PT9AL " 12 2 2
*YG9EDE " 13,140 130 60 (OP: ZL3IO) *LU4DPL " 3,480 49 40 *PT7BL " 14,014 99 77 *PU9OJZ " 8 4 4
*YDØAUN " 12,524 136 62 ZL2UO " 3,600 26 25 *LU8MIL " 1,232 30 28 *PR7KSA " 13,351 142 79 *ZV2C 21 1,941,819 1127 627
*YC9CGM " 11,948 138 58 ZL1T 21 64,070 198 149 *LU1MBT " 620 25 20 *PY6GOE " 13,090 119 77 (OP: PY2CX)
*YD1LNS " 11,495 139 55 (OP: ZL1ANH) *LU5UFM " 475 31 25 *PY2TEY " 11,952 106 83 *PY2QT " 586,663 565 401
*YC1IDC " 11,450 152 50 ZM1M 14 4,928 46 44 *LW7DQW " 360 16 15 *PY1CH " 11,376 90 79 *PY2TC " 454,425 503 365
*YC7DDG " 11,407 105 61 ZL2XC 3.7 1,008 21 18 *LU7FMA " 3 1 1 *PY2FX " 10,366 86 73 *PY2HT " 447,810 563 354
*YD2BIU " 11,289 178 53 *ZL1CH A 41,580 138 105 *LU1ICX 21 445,050 492 345 *PY1SR " 8,174 74 61 *PV2R " 247,160 363 296
*YF9EAO " 10,854 169 54 *ZL4AS " 36,612 126 113 *LU5VV " 419,850 510 311 *PU1VKG " 7,980 97 57 (OP: PY2KO)
*YC9BQM " 10,752 130 56 *ZL2RX " 4,256 46 38 *LR1H " 133,574 312 203 *PY3NA " 7,656 92 66 *PY1CG " 243,009 369 279
*YG9DIM " 10,716 155 57 *ZL2JR " 4,230 54 30 *LU2NI " 107,562 258 197 *PP5WEB " 7,560 68 63 *PP5JN " 158,600 292 244
*YG1AEQ " 10,710 80 51 *ZL1TM 21 1,638 27 26 *LU9VEA " 77,575 213 145 *PU5NAO " 7,194 78 66 *PY2ZR " 128,270 257 202
*YC5LBD " 10,706 116 53 *ZL1CTC " 15 5 5 *LW3DN " 45,968 172 136 *PY2MIA " 6,386 91 62 *PR4A " 117,740 248 203
*YD1ARN " 10,370 94 61 *ZL2MM 14 4 2 2 *LU3DK " 20,648 106 89 *PP5GW " 5,508 56 54 (OP: PY4RP)
*YD3RAN " 10,149 141 51 *LU3EBG " 16,150 122 85 *PY2ITM " 5,400 58 54 *PY2GTA " 114,268 239 212
*YB7NA " 9,971 132 59 Philippines *LW6EQG " 2,072 44 37 *PS2M " 5,335 76 55 *PY2YS " 103,012 210 182
*YD3TSJ " 9,752 140 53 DY1T A 1,055,832 983 328 *LU1ELY " 196 16 14 (OP: PY2OX) *PT4T " 82,694 212 173
*YD7AAE " 9,512 141 58 *LU7DUE 14 26,992 155 112 *PY1FOG " 5,185 109 85 (OP: PY4XX)
(OP: DU1IVT)
*YDØASO " 9,282 108 51 *LU1HHT " 24,543 139 101 *PU2PZE " 4,841 59 47 *ZZ2J " 74,214 219 186
4I1EAY " 447,633 626 281 *PU5RSL " 3,978 59 51
*YG8BH " 9,072 158 54 DU3T " 362,616 561 232 *LU1VYL 7 11,033 69 59 (OP: PY2TTN)
*YD2BXX " 9,024 139 48 *LQ3H " 5,031 70 43 *PY1SGT " 3,555 52 45 *PY1KB " 71,878 187 166
DW7DTC 28 30,096 150 76 *PY2QM " 3,481 68 59
*YC9VED " 9,016 137 49 DU1KIR " 1,932 32 23 *PR3R " 55,485 151 137
*YD2ULK " 8,788 110 52 Aruba *PY2ASA " 3,397 49 43 (OP: PY3ZZR)
4I1EBC 21 246,123 485 207 *PU4TPM " 3,264 63 48
*YCØNAN " 8,784 126 48 DU1RB 14 302,455 499 251 P45A 21 4,510,308 2204 727 *PP7DX " 48,195 187 135
(OP: P 43A) *PY2KG " 3,212 53 44 *PP5FZ " 42,570 142 129
*YCØSJA " 8,694 123 46 DU1R 7 410,176 461 221
*P4ØA A 10,669,630 3593 835 *PT2ZDX " 2,790 72 45 *PY2DPM " 29,606 126 113
*YD8IKU " 8,624 101 56 (OP: DU1UGZ) *PY2VCS " 2,720 41 32
*YD2FII " 8,580 152 55 DU1AV " 387,607 459 211 (OP: KK9A) *PY2JG " 28,536 130 116
*PU2MXU " 2,709 67 43 *PP5DAN " 21,012 110 102
*YD1JBV " 8,085 55 49 DU7F " 152,352 275 144 *PY2GAS " 2,160 55 48
*YD1DIU " 7,950 105 50 DU4IX " 151,074 253 154 Bolivia *PY7GB " 18,032 98 92
*PY2GM " 2,100 30 30 *PY4GG " 15,355 85 83
*YB1LBW " 7,752 131 51 *DV4ZAR A 388,110 565 255 CP5HK A 82,110 293 170 *PU2OXB " 1,638 52 39
*YD7UQU " 7,685 121 53 *DU6XA " 276,261 508 213 *PR7AD " 11,644 82 71
*PY2ATR " 1,452 34 33 *PY1EZ " 2,535 39 39
*YB4MEZ " 7,371 118 39 *4F3BZ " 205,604 388 196 Bonaire *PU4BET " 1,275 33 25
*YE3ETF " 6,751 156 43 *DV9IHK " 86,877 275 147 PJ4DX A 7,139,367 2596 843 *PY6TV " 2,263 45 31
*PY2SG " 961 35 31 *PV8AJ " 2,146 38 37
*YB7FLW " 6,644 96 44 *DU1JM " 37,412 152 94 *PY2OSD " 957 31 29
*YF8FY " 6,615 114 49 *4F9HKZ " 34,596 158 93 Brazil *PY2GMI " 1,230 33 30
*PR4C " 924 26 22 *PU2HEN " 899 29 29
*YB7FII " 6,570 87 45 *DV6XDS " 28,350 148 81 PQ2M A 6,829,284 2447 924 (OP: PY2TI)
*YG4IJV " 6,525 101 45 (OP: PY2MNL) *PY2XC " 416 16 16
*DW7NDM " 21,600 120 75 *PY3CAD " 902 22 22
*YD1IED " 6,426 86 42 PY5QW " 2,355,012 1176 684 *PY1DX " 288 12 12
*DV7MIS " 20,559 128 77 *PU5EVM " 754 30 29
*YB9OBQ " 6,248 93 44 PY2KNK " 1,977,570 1163 630 *PY3BEG " 84 6 6
*DU1VGX " 18,825 105 75 *PU2LJY " 693 28 21 *PY2NY 14 1,298,219 975 481
*YD8MUZ " 6,222 98 51 *4I1AWM " 16,786 109 77 PY9GC " 1,915,725 1212 615 *PY2DN " 558 19 18
*YD3AVN " 6,165 76 45 PP2FRS " 1,861,608 1107 588 *ZY2B " 985,803 757 471
*DV7DYH " 13,420 90 61 *PY3CT " 552 26 24 (OP: PY2UD)
*YD2IFA " 5,764 110 44 *DU3AW " 4,324 55 46 ZV5M " 1,240,778 896 539 *PU2MIA " 486 23 18
*YD7VAD " 5,676 57 43 (OP: PY5AMF) *PP5BT " 395,352 500 323
*DV7EZD " 2,772 39 33 *PY1UA " 462 45 42 *PY8WW " 250,240 366 272
*YC1CSA " 5,624 132 37 *4D1M " 2,652 50 34 PY2EX " 932,217 795 451 *PY5IN " 459 17 17
*YD3BHT " 5,576 106 41 PY5ZHP " 469,980 527 373 *PP5DZ " 130,832 285 208
*DU1/N6HPX " 1,960 96 70 *PU5DCM " 432 18 18 *PP2CC " 34,080 133 96
*YD1EIG " 5,550 95 50 *4I7RAZ " 1,924 47 37 PY3PA " 287,912 430 292 *PY2RPM " 325 13 13
*YD9BEK " 5,537 117 49 PY2SBY " 265,545 442 281 *PY5VE " 12,921 105 73
*4F1OZ 28 41,574 177 82 *PY2BX " 196 16 14 *PY2COY " 3,936 50 41
*YDØJOY " 5,434 94 38 *DU1EG " 31,920 139 80 PT7BI " 142,392 339 204 *PU3TRT " 187 17 17
*YG3EMF " 5,328 81 48 PY3DX " 139,941 290 219 *PY1PDF " 1,073 37 29
*DW7EVQ " 30,186 145 78 *PY1FD " 176 12 11 *PY3TR " 546 22 21
*YD1AXR " 5,289 121 41 *4I1ZZS " 1,058 28 23 PY5DK " 139,260 264 211 *PY1IC " 160 22 20
PT2AA " 98,175 220 175 *PY5DU " 108 13 12
*YC9UAB " 4,524 58 39 *4F3OM 21 130,272 340 184 *PY5AR " 80 8 8
PV8AAS " 64,680 224 147 *PY3ASQ " 80 10 8
*YD8SLW " 4,356 44 36 *DV1MM " 68,526 216 141 *PU3LOB " 63 11 7
PY2EU " 53,397 186 153 *PU5FJR 28 695,980 726 391 *PY4NF " 64 10 8
*YD3YGY " 4,329 64 39 *4E1AGW " 47,880 205 120 *PS8ET 7 18,240 61 60
*YB7DGI " 4,257 82 43 *DV9DDY " 47,088 228 109 PS8RV " 42,672 225 168 *PY3KN " 124,836 274 206
PY5DC " 40,365 156 117 *PU2SDX " 91,800 248 170 *PY2NA " 6,018 34 34
*YD1HJW " 4,223 99 41 *DU4DXT " 44,164 192 122 *PY1KW " 5,895 75 45
*YDØAOM " 4,200 80 35 *DW7CAJ " 32,618 201 94 PY4DK " 34,385 166 115 *PU2UAF " 79,200 256 176
PY2ZZ " 12,283 84 71 *ZZ4A " 57,855 223 145 *PT9BM " 161 7 7
*YD1AMI " 3,745 91 35 *DU1NA " 30,268 131 92 *PY4ZEV " 126 13 9
*YD9UBG " 3,658 38 31 *4I1BNC " 29,792 142 98 PY2GZ " 6,634 79 62 (OP: PY2RMZ)
PY2MD " 6,318 61 54 *PU1JSV " 57,744 189 144 *PU5BOB 3.7 1,064 46 19
*YD1BVK " 3,572 85 38 *4E1RA " 21,620 115 92 *PU2XMY " 444 38 12
*YD7BEB " 3,480 55 30 *DV1UUU " 13,986 89 74 PT2NP " 2,881 43 43 *PU4MMZ " 53,053 203 143
PU2LHA " 1,140 36 30 *PY2WB " 51,888 202 141 *PY2COI " 261 29 9
*YD9UAN " 3,432 60 39 *DV1VVA " 11,859 85 67 *PV7T " 224 7 7
*YDØAPZ " 3,360 81 35 *DW4DES " 5,500 72 55 PY3MPS " 133 20 19 *PY2RSA " 44,280 176 123
PP5RT 28 323,338 508 269 *PY2CP " 39,690 181 126 (OP: PR7TU)
*YDØAFS " 3,240 95 36 *4I1AGJ " 2,652 44 34 *PU2TNT " 63 11 7
*YC1EYS " 3,204 100 36 *DW3CWM " 1,890 30 27 PP1WW " 231,588 403 252 *PU2TIB " 36,000 170 125
PY2TMV " 157,516 351 212 *PP5KC " 33,027 131 109 *PU1MIL " 4 2 2
*YB8VRS " 3,080 50 35 *DV2LWT " 756 26 21
*YC1WOZ " 3,024 91 48 *4I1EBD 14 438,703 559 307 PY5JR " 71,424 228 144 *PY2XYZ " 32,292 164 117
PT5J 21 11,827,837 3491 1211 *PY3EW " 30,414 138 111 Chile
*YD1AMB " 2,739 54 33 *DV1DLX " 56,950 195 134 CE6CGX A 1,935,454 1330 589
*YC7WHE " 2,656 50 32 *DU1AVC " 31,536 130 108 (OP: PP5JR) *PU2USK " 28,034 148 107
PY1VOY " 1,036,035 765 495 *PU7BCG " 19,926 193 82 CE1TT " 1,656,000 1189 552
*YG3EOX " 2,580 54 30 *DU7X " 11,960 80 65 CE4JZO " 774,969 810 403
*YD1KXS " 2,482 60 34 *DU8RAM " 8,195 67 55 PY2MM " 324,925 423 317 *PU2YBW " 17,370 107 90
PY6TS " 173,520 338 241 *PU5WMA " 17,280 106 90 CE7VPQ " 509,251 656 313
*YD1KTE " 2,349 36 27 *4G1DIF 7 188,136 309 156 CB8E " 472,700 540 326
*YB3PIN " 1,955 25 23 PT4C " 98,358 231 194 *PU2STZ " 15,170 95 82
*DW8VEF " 122,404 244 142 (OP: CE8EIO)
*YD8RSJ " 1,944 55 36 (OP: PY4LH) *ZY2WTC " 15,048 122 76
*DU1SH " 99,765 255 135 CB4A " 41,412 242 119
*YC2STS " 1,938 70 34 PY2ZEA " 97,299 211 171 *PY2SR " 14,240 112 80
*DV8VMI " 43,225 146 95 PY2PPZ " 55,944 178 148 CE3WYZ " 25,376 154 104
*YD1BYR " 1,860 61 31 *DU9BX " 10,203 84 57 *PU5DPL " 13,746 90 79
PY2IQ " 4,180 47 44 *PY2WLM " 12,936 104 77 CE6VMO " 18,190 138 85
*YCØEDY " 1,750 32 25 *DV7RAR " 6,016 64 47 CE3FZ " 10,075 71 65
*YB8CS " 1,728 51 32 PP5BJF " 1,540 38 35 *PU2DSP " 12,640 90 80
*DU8VHR " 1,040 29 20 PY4ME " 629 17 17 XR2K 28 166,816 394 208
*YD2NIR " 1,716 48 26 *PX1C " 11,088 92 72
*DW3KEV " 1,007 21 19 PY6UN " 4 2 2 (OP: CE2ML/CX1EK)
*YD3CNE " 1,680 32 28 (OP: PY1JR)
*DV6WHN " 437 24 19 PY4JW 14 2,167,450 1279 670 *PU3RIN " 10,948 85 68 CE1KV " 121,440 370 184
*YBØWYN " 1,624 60 28 *DU3AT " 105 8 7 CE6TK " 7,844 98 53
*YD1LHI " 1,536 32 24 ZW2W " 1,934,184 1180 609 *PU4GOD " 10,404 83 68
*DU1SVY " 28 4 4 (OP: PT2IC) *PU8MGB " 9,750 120 65 XQ1KZ 21 1,772,726 1113 578
*YF3BER " 1,176 50 28 *4F3FSK 3.7 3,051 32 27
*YD4SMN " 1,122 32 22 PR2N " 1,039,773 819 469 *PU2PKL " 9,372 96 66 CE5NK " 416,304 477 336
*YCØNDB " 1,100 59 20 (OP: PY2MP) *PU5KGB " 8,496 66 59 CE3CT " 144,730 284 205
Samoa PY5WW " 989,460 845 460 *PU8PSF " 7,535 125 55 CE2BMW 14 106,914 268 173
*YD8USA " 1,085 52 35 *5W1SA 14 5,148 49 44
*YD3RDW " 1,080 41 24 PY2IG " 18,630 90 81 *PU2MST " 7,493 73 59 CE3NR " 55,380 198 142
*YD9HIB " 1,020 46 30 ZV1D " 7,020 62 54 *PU2RTO " 7,345 75 65 CE1BF 7 9,792 50 48
(OP: PP1ZZ) *PU8YAB " 7,102 132 53 XQ3OP " 533 13 13
*YG3DZU
*YC9JKT
"
"
989
975
39
40
23
25
SOUTH AMERICA PY5XH " 5,148 45 44 *PU2GTA " 6,944 74 62 CB1B 3.7 2 1 1
Argentina PS8CW " 1,512 30 28 *PR7KG " 6,944 110 62 (OP: CE1EW)
*YD1HUQ " 966 48 21 LW1D A 1,116,387 895 489
*YC1OOY " 931 49 19 PY2NFE " 140 10 10 *PU2XYT " 6,660 85 60 *XQ5ME A 160,200 331 225
(OP: LW1EUD) ZW5B 7 2,593,272 879 564 *PU1JDX " 6,656 60 52 *XQ3WD " 153,300 356 210
*YG8BIR " 930 46 30 LT7F " 1,018,820 829 484
*YD7HPF " 850 33 25 (OP: P Y5CC) *PU2AMF " 6,016 82 64 *CE2EP " 119,382 368 197
(OP: LU6FOV) PT1K " 732,376 455 344 *PU5BOY " 5,408 66 52 *3G4R " 74,358 243 162
*YC4PDT " 840 61 40
*YB4SO " 805 37 23 LU3VED " 742,170 732 429 (OP: PP1KV) *PU2RDB " 5,194 68 53 (OP: XQ3SK)
*YD9UCN " 714 20 17 LU6ETB " 640,067 643 391 PY9MP " 68,123 126 121 *PU5LTI " 5,046 63 58 *CE7KF " 62,216 196 154
*YD1CHM " 714 33 21 LW5HR " 533,715 534 357 PY2KJ " 18,144 73 63 *PU2MEA " 4,848 69 48 *CE4CBJ " 58,032 231 156
*YDØYNI/8 " 696 45 24 LU8VLE " 481,978 615 346 PY2LCD 3.7 3,627 70 31 *PU2TBK " 3,956 58 46 *CE1LTL " 42,183 178 129
*YD8SPY " 666 28 18 LU7DD " 393,162 493 322 *PV7M A 1,084,848 906 466 *PY4WWW " 3,948 50 42 *CE1WZM " 18,096 198 87
*YD1EZT " 558 33 18 LQ5A " 277,831 448 277 (OP: PT7ZT) *PX2E " 3,910 57 46 *XR3Y " 4,888 54 47
*YD1BYQ " 551 29 19 LU3WC " 256,020 396 251 *PY2KC " 564,420 580 409 *PU2OYT " 3,872 58 44 (OP: XQ7UP)
*YD9UCA " 476 17 14 LU7MCJ " 54,528 167 128 *PR8KW " 241,595 463 229 *PU2WDX " 3,800 45 40 *3G5A " 3,168 55 44
*YD1DIM " 450 20 15 LU2EGI " 14,898 116 78 *PT7AV " 230,300 433 245 *PU2LUC " 3,375 47 45 (OP: CE5JTC)
*YG3DBO " 444 16 12 LU8DY " 600 26 20 *PY1AX " 187,648 364 256 *PY2AXH " 3,040 48 40 *CA7TWY " 612 24 18
*YG1AFX " 442 18 13 LU1DX 28 454,212 592 333 *PY5FO " 170,601 327 219 *PU2NKT " 2,665 47 41 *CD3FJK 28 15,958 130 79
*YD5NHX " 420 12 7 LU9FHF " 206,796 383 228 *PY7BR " 142,964 372 206 *PU2RHG " 2,346 43 34 *XQ4CW " 3,010 50 35
*YD1EKY " 407 11 11 LU3HS " 147,609 383 189 *PY2VZ " 142,776 286 216 *PU3VON " 2,242 41 38 *CD2SLJ " 2,870 66 35
*YC8FXI " 352 26 16 LU3MO " 62,172 269 132 *PY5PLL " 95,067 237 189 *PU7ASP " 1,980 38 33 *CE3TL " 2,552 34 29
*YD1LHQ " 336 18 14 LU5FC 21 5,387,382 2152 897 *PY5ZW " 85,432 267 181 *PU5SKW " 1,947 35 33 *CD1FRQ " 594 25 22
*YD1FFB " 299 22 13 LO5D " 4,847,438 2025 878 *PR7RBA " 72,414 290 149 *PY4AZ " 1,943 31 29 *3G1D 21 309,472 454 304
*YC1KGL " 294 33 14 (OP: LU8EOT) *PY2LPM " 70,455 202 165 *PU2OYQ " 1,824 39 32 (OP: XQ1FM)
*YD1LZD " 273 16 13 LU6DCN " 182,664 344 236 *PY2AB " 68,800 234 172 *PU9YCZ " 1,599 61 39 *3G2M " 26,208 110 91
*YD9GIW " 270 20 15 LU9MDH " 165,765 293 215 *PY2PN " 61,560 214 162 *PU2LFU " 1,595 35 29 (OP: CE2LR)
*YD3CYO " 240 20 16 LU6UO " 99,544 251 184 *PP2CS " 61,028 216 146 *PU2MOW " 1,540 47 28 *CB2IAL " 945 29 27
*YD1IYV " 234 23 13 LU6DU " 50,179 171 139 *PY2VM " 53,862 196 141 *PU5DEH " 1,431 29 27 *CB3W " 9 3 3
*YD1PEM " 210 17 14 LU9MBY 14 585,310 641 374 *PY3TD " 50,362 172 149 *PU2RYB " 1,248 44 39 (OP: CE3WW)
*YB4IWS " 182 11 7 AZ7H " 547,820 623 364 *PY1SAD " 46,565 206 139 *PU2YMH " 1,110 35 30 *CE3QY 14 137,400 295 200
*YD7DHF " 180 12 10 (OP: LW7HT) *PY1NS " 46,224 201 144 *PU8YPL " 703 23 19 *XQ1KK " 87,840 241 160
*YC1KQV " 120 10 8 LU3MAM " 50,685 169 109 *PY2BBQ " 46,112 180 131 *PU5TOS " 609 21 21 *CE2SCZ " 13,520 97 80
*YB1CYG " 108 21 12 LU7MT 7 71,880 135 120 *PT2SR " 43,896 157 118 *PU7DUD " 465 15 15 *CE1WY " 10,658 94 73
*YD3BFT " 104 8 8 LU7DW " 11,660 61 55 *PY2RE " 37,510 178 121 *PU1AJN " 435 33 29 *CA4PSH 7 41,172 109 94
*YD2CRJ " 81 9 9 LU2DVI 3.7 3,720 48 40 *PP5TI " 37,510 137 121 *PY2RAF " 360 18 15 *CA1FCS " 4,510 48 41
*YBØBDC " 80 10 8 *LT2HH A 124,440 409 204 *PY4ARS " 33,176 136 116 *PU1WZY " 312 27 24 *CE6UFF " 90 8 6
*YD1KZP " 39 3 3 *LU6KA " 77,550 272 165 *PY1NX " 30,195 111 99 *PU5JAT " 288 16 16
*YF3CXB " 36 6 6 *LU1DZ " 11,830 79 70 *PY2DR " 28,840 140 103 *PU5XCP " 195 13 13 Colombia
*YD1FAM " 24 2 2 *LU7ADC " 10,764 112 69 *PY5HR " 26,565 149 115 *PU2NZV " 150 11 10 HK3C A 689,784 733 328
*YB7CCP " 9 3 3 *LU1KWC " 10,366 92 71 *PU2YVN " 25,511 141 97 *PU4SRV " 64 8 8 HK4W " 403,492 464 298
*YBØOHG 3.7 126 14 9 *LU4JEA " 6,426 78 54 *PY2CAT " 25,146 110 99 *PU2MKU " 48 19 16 *HK4ZZ A 19,295 114 85
*YDØRFJ " 1 1 1 *LU1DW " 2,988 36 36 *PY5SAT " 23,400 100 90 *PU7EFC " 25 5 5 *HJ4GXY 21 143 13 13
*LU1EXR " 2,695 37 35 *PY2SGL " 20,301 133 101 *PU2MSS " 24 4 4 *HK4OBA 14 18,711 89 81
New Caledonia *LU8DIJ " 1,892 53 43 *PU3VOX " 19,228 132 92 *PU2MTH " 21 9 7
FK8IK A 721,140 677 357 *LU1RAF 28 18,312 160 84 *PY2PIM " 18,914 139 98 *PV8DX " 20 5 4 Ecuador
FK4QX " 340,862 539 262 *LU8VCC " 10,921 129 67 *PY2AD " 18,430 162 95 *PU4GRB " 12 8 6 HC2PY 14 155,736 299 216

104 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

*HC5VF 28 4,455 55 45 OK1DMP " 10,366 71 71 RA9UAD " 13,616 82 74 *NR5TX A 12,382 104 82 EUROPE
*HC1JQ 21 614,005 661 331 DU7JAY " 9,860 79 58 W2VRK " 12,480 84 80 *K3KEK " 7,626 75 62 Austria
French Guiana YB6UAK " 9,666 63 54 UA3TW " 12,056 99 88 *KI5PLT " 4,266 63 54 *OE8ACT A 1,482 28 26
*FY5HB A 58,476 223 132 E78CB " 8,820 70 60 IW2NRI " 8,820 74 70 *KI5MPX " 3,996 67 54 *OE1EAX 14 1 1 1
*FY5KE 21 514,895 539 335 IK1BBC " 8,541 75 73 R3IBT " 7,950 84 75 *KU5J " 735 22 21
(OP: F 4CWN) UX8IX " 8,184 70 66 (OP: RA3DJA) *KI5KOI " 414 18 18 Belgium
OK6RP " 7,739 78 71 F4GWM " 7,630 73 70 *KI5HXC 7 340 17 17 *ON6LMJ A 5,940 59 54
Paraguay RAØAY " 6,375 53 51 G4GIR " 3,243 49 47 *KI5MOO 14 4 2 2
ZP5DBC 28 135,486 294 193 YB2NDX " 6,298 98 47 OH4HAX " 3,105 47 45 Bosnia-Herzegovina
ZP5DA 21 39,960 131 120 RZ4AZ " 6,216 62 56 N7SVI " 2,940 52 49 District 6 *E77SH A 37,310 133 130
ZP5FIA 14 576,449 649 353 DU4JT " 5,405 59 47 MØJBA " 1,548 44 43 N8JOE A 4,400 59 55
*ZP5DNB 28 209 11 11 UR5UJ " 5,358 62 57 YB7MYS " 1,334 30 23 *K6TLH A 7,280 76 70 Crete
*ZP6SKY 7 1,357 26 23 SP9DEM " 5,300 56 53 UT1IM " 1,176 30 28 *W6DMW " 1,300 28 25 *SV9SMS A 18,639 129 109
EA3QC " 5,070 68 65 EA8BGO " 980 21 20
Peru W7LG " 4,905 63 45 DK5FF " 567 21 21 District 7 Croatia
OA4SS A 1,433,936 1149 434 R4PES " 4,680 58 52 2EØHXS " 528 22 22 *AI7DR A 6,612 74 58 9A3AHQ A 216 8 8
*OA4DOS A 11,952 136 72 UT2SW " 4,505 58 53 IKØYUP " 416 16 16 *W7LRM " 2,046 39 33 *9A3LED A 345,884 517 308
*OA4DPM " 5,382 49 46 WR4I " 4,440 44 40 LN5O " 304 17 16 *KD1ELK " 1,972 37 34
*OA4DTU 28 246,675 437 253 CT1EWA " 4,089 49 47 (OP: LB3RE) *K7BDP " 1,316 29 28 Czech Republic
DJ9AS " 3,850 52 50 BD7NXT " 110 23 22 *KJ7SEB " 1,260 31 30 *OK1LEV A 26,329 132 113
Suriname SM/OZ4PAT " 3,479 50 49 DK5TX " 100 10 10 *N7OSR " 768 26 24 *OL5G " 22,366 120 106
*PZ5RA A 1,471,570 930 505 DM3FAM " 3,159 43 39 UAØSBQ " 65 5 5 *AI7CR " 360 19 18
HB9AYZ " 3,124 45 44 VR2ZRE " 49 7 7 *W5AJQ " 315 17 15 England
Trinidad & Tobago KEØWPA " 2,964 41 39 AF9J " 36 6 4 *W7VC 7 18 3 3 *M5AX A 142,416 348 276
*9Z4Y 21 157,896 307 216 PY2IML " 2,340 32 30 9M2DRL " 27 3 3 *KJ7SBF 14 10 5 5 *MØKYB " 67,527 237 183
KG4WZZ " 2,016 49 42 DB7YI " 15 3 3 *MØNVK " 54,696 205 172
Uruguay JR1UJX/2 " 1,740 35 30 ADØBI " 12 3 3 District 8 *MØTPT " 42,502 183 158
CX2CC A 2,328,370 1340 671 BV4VR " 1,679 26 23 N5PV " 9 3 3 *KE8LXN A 95,040 225 180 *MØIRU " 38,403 177 153
CX3AT " 319,272 440 318 7L1DST " 1,500 32 25 VR2UNG/P " 5 5 5 *K8NW " 67,192 216 148 *G5REV " 12,741 104 93
CX5UA " 215,390 338 238 PE2YSB " 1,470 38 35 VE3YUX " 2 1 1 *KE8OLJ " 3,871 54 49 *MØOEB " 10,614 99 87
CX2DK 28 1,217,236 1039 452 VA3MYC " 1,450 25 25 OE1EAX " 1 1 1 *N8CWX " 1,792 28 28 *M7MTC " 9,546 94 74
CV7S 21 5,135,400 2204 900 (OP: VE3LJQ) IZ1ANK 7 197,160 430 265 *KE8QEQ " 1,176 26 24 *M7LSI 14 7,416 75 72
(OP: CX7SS) OH3KQ " 1,400 30 28 S52CQ " 66,898 204 166 *M7BIA A 6,045 73 65
*CX1CAN A 1,961 45 37 KØJP " 1,221 34 33 SN5L " 62,805 174 159 District 9 *2EØXYR " 3,744 56 48
*CX9ARH 28 154,020 307 204 KC8ZKI " 864 25 24 OMØA " 55,080 179 153 W9KEY A 476,898 646 366 *2EØPRV " 3,584 58 56
*CX1AV " 111,484 255 188 DK6AC " 666 18 18 (OP: OMØAAO) K9STM " 816 18 17 *2EØXFD " 3,157 45 41
*CX8DS " 93,292 218 166 YTØI " 624 24 24 W4DWS " 23,435 110 109 *KD9NYE A 7,742 56 49 *M7TCC " 3,080 60 56
DV6XCY " 560 23 16 OK6OK " 20,736 110 96 *AC9XX " 3,825 54 45 *2EØGYF " 2,392 50 46
Venezuela YC1DGR " 418 11 11 YD2BUT " 18,207 229 63 *KD9OOL 14 1 1 1 *M7ORM " 1,248 26 26
YV6BXN A 152,523 214 189 MØXXM " 384 16 16 G4Y " 15,853 92 83 *M7NFJ 14 252 14 14
YV4ABR 28 130,326 369 174 W1SSS " 375 15 15 DV4RNX " 8,900 63 50 District Ø *2E1RAN " 187 17 17
YV5NEA " 93,771 287 151 N6HI " 336 18 14 DH1AKY " 6,670 62 58 *N9CD A 20,475 118 91 *2EØHXS 14 528 22 22
*YY5RAB A 483,720 444 290 JK1CNL " 336 12 12 YD6ROA " 4,810 71 37 *KEØWPA A 2,964 41 39
*YV4EK " 321,210 430 249 UX9Q " 224 14 14 7N4WPY " 4,672 33 32 European Turkey
*YV4HMR " 204,000 283 204 (OP: UR3QOO) JH3DMQ " 4,469 50 41 Canada *TA1BAB A 24,000 150 120
*YY2HCM " 95,900 184 140 EA4U " 195 15 15 YD1CWT " 3,552 52 32 District 1
*YV5AEP " 94,317 195 149 BA4VE " 135 9 9 YB6IVW " 3,475 31 25 *VE1MM A 94,128 201 148 Fed. Rep. of Germany
*YV5MBI " 51,788 154 121 HK4KM " 132 11 11 A41RR " 1,376 17 16 DL4VDA A 1,651,650 1225 650
*YV5EVA " 49,815 158 123 PA1HEM " 130 10 10 OK1CDS " 1,032 24 24 District 2 DN5HAM 3.7 19,482 121 102
*YY5FBD " 18,469 92 73 BH1KZQ " 96 12 8 OH1LEG " 840 21 20 *VE2IAA A 30,970 115 95 *DL2OHL A 96,728 281 214
*YV1GIY " 12,816 87 72 DLØBBZ " 88 8 8 YD2UIJ " 680 34 20 *DK5PH " 76,380 229 190
*YV7PMG " 12,012 74 66 (OP: DB7YI) UR5KP " 578 17 17 District 3 *DG4O " 67,116 225 188
*YV5ARV " 1,554 21 21 DV9IGT " 77 7 7 N2SRK " 360 20 20 *VA3IDD A 282,498 350 239 (OP: DG2BPW)
*YV1SW 28 55,250 257 130 EA3GYE " 60 6 6 AE4JB " 304 8 8 *VA3OKG " 257,868 329 234 *DL5CZ " 58,443 209 161
*YV7MAY " 12,921 117 73 BG5OA " 60 10 10 VU3ZIG " 252 8 7 *VA3DKL " 60,720 156 120 *DL9YJ " 56,270 197 170
*YV4NR 21 723,540 749 372 IZØZFK " 36 6 6 IZ2QKG " 242 11 11 *VA3RTG " 24,928 97 82 *DO1VOL " 20,806 106 101
*YV1JGT " 589,435 629 385 EA3FHP " 35 5 5 BH1OFJ " 130 11 10 *DB4LL " 18,810 115 99
*YY2WTF " 223,728 406 237 PA3GNZ " 24 4 4 TA3IW " 54 3 3 District 6 *DL5KIM " 15,930 112 90
*YV4AW 14 373,536 471 288 JJØSFV " 24 6 6 YF3CYT " 40 4 4 VA6BGE A 112,710 240 170 *DL6MHC " 5,750 51 50
*YV5EED " 200,096 352 208 OK1M " 18 3 3 BG3RRJ " 28 4 4 *VA6DOK A 756 23 21 *DO1BAB " 4,005 47 45
*YV5COR " 17,533 101 89 (OP: OK1WMR) YD5NBY " 24 2 2 *DO6STY " 3,792 50 48
*4M8E 7 1,182,375 614 375 WU3U " 16 4 4 TA2AXZ " 24 2 2 District 7 *DL9MJ " 2,856 45 42
(OP: YV8ER) DL8MF " 12 2 2 XE2PQ " 20 2 2 *VE7TBN 14 3,960 45 44 *DK2CW 14 486 19 18
*YY4FJF " 3,510 30 30 VU3PUA " 8 2 2 SQ8MFB 3.7 57,186 200 162 *DF1KB 7 270 15 15
HS5YLK 28 9,672 98 62 YU3LAX " 47,996 167 142 Cuba *DO1OHB 21 40 4 4
3G3O " 7,228 87 52 DL8RB " 10,050 78 75 *CL2JR 7 5,115 35 33
QRP PU2VOR " 2,916
(OP: X Q3OP)
47 36
PAØAWH
E78AX
"
"
5,616
5,500
53
53
52
50 Mexico *OH8RX A
Finland
72,775 247 205
LY9A A 915,607 952 517 LW9HZI " 2,304 46 32 UT4UBZ " 4,752 48 48 *XE1LIA 28 4,403 47 37 *OH2BRG " 15,717 100 93
ES6RW " 692,040 739 474 LV4V " 1,508 34 29 SA2SAA " 1,620 30 30
LZ1DM " 606,300 721 430 PY5AS " 1,248 37 32 OM6AMD " 1,035 24 23 Puerto Rico France
E74Y " 494,760 571 399 S59GS " 1,152 22 18 DJ4CW " 864 24 24 *NP4VM A 18,240 97 76 *F4ISZ A 103,092 278 213
DL8LR " 417,240 579 380 JA1NEZ " 1,127 27 23 OU2V " 714 21 21 *WP4JD " 260 10 10 *F4IEX " 67,725 199 175
DG3T " 410,624 538 401 PU2NBI " 957 33 29 (OP: OZ1FJB) *F4IAW " 36,294 168 138
(OP: DF5RF) I5KAP " 833 19 17 JA2MWV " 416 19 16
UR5FEO " 313,632 520 324 SP7VTQ " 182 10 7 G1E " 180 10 10 AFRICA Greece
CT2GSN " 260,428 381 284 WP4NXI " 180 22 18 (OP: G1TPA) Morocco *SV2SIF A 20,535 122 111
UA3OQ " 203,187 432 267 E71A " 60 6 5 YB9KA " 84 15 14 *CN8DEM 14 84,240 192 156
YU1LM " 196,458 372 274 YO8WW " 16 4 4 DM1BO " 30 5 5 Ireland
K3WW " 171,602 301 239 S51RE " 3 1 1 PU5UAI " 16 4 4 *EI2IJB/M A 117,840 322 240
YCØVM " 155,200 382 194 UN4L 21 236,600 346 260 JA5NSR " 4 2 2 ASIA (OP: EI2IJB/M)
HZ1LG " 147,588 273 196 BG7SSK " 91,332 298 177 SP5MKA " 1 1 1 Asiatic Turkey
MI5JYK " 144,886 346 262 YB1UUN " 79,704 202 164 DP5A 1.8 53,144 209 146 TA4IGN 14 8,909 61 59 Italy
NP3T " 133,635 377 177 AA1K " 15,912 82 72 LY4T " 33,082 149 119 *TA4AHV 3.7 16,214 13 13 IUØOVB A 1,522,392 1147 687
IZØFUW " 132,940 292 230 BH3BTX " 10,626 79 66 HA1TI " 24,696 132 98 *TA4ORZ A 15,264 79 72 IX1HPN " 511,632 683 408
UT5EOX " 130,585 305 245 SY1AEA " 9,765 75 63 LY2NK " 7,598 72 58 *TA2AXZ 7 24 2 2 IU1NKS " 419,582 614 386
JH1OGC " 130,032 262 172 KG1E " 8,723 62 61 YP8A " 5,876 58 52 IU4NGP " 133,380 285 234
HA5BA " 115,650 294 225 KH6KG/W5 " 8,618 65 62 OK6D " 66 6 6 China IU4MSF " 25,488 129 118
9A4OP " 113,220 307 222 (OP: KH6KG/W5) (OP: OK2TEO) *BH4FBB A 13,108 85 58 IU1MQR " 17,748 104 102
LZ7H " 103,622 276 197 YB2TS " 6,222 58 51 UR9QQ " 48 6 6 *BH4ESK " 4,100 47 41 IU3OJA " 882 22 21
OK2FD " 93,555 201 165 K2GMY " 6,171 55 51 K7DK " 14 9 7 *BH4CAC " 770 24 22 *IU1MRG A 238,539 421 307
YO3TN " 88,560 238 180 JR1NKN " 6,125 65 49 *BG5GDP " 561 21 17 *IR4Q 28 185,426 24 23
SP9RQH " 79,926 235 173 HA3HX " 6,026 49 46 *IU3NMI A 146,335 348 259
JH7UJU " 78,731 228 131 Georgia
W6QU " 77,024 239 166
VR2VRC
OK1LV
"
"
4,920
4,120
47
43
40
40
ROOKIE 4L7ZS A 61,623 155 123
*IU3LYJ
*IU3OVH
"
"
131,040
72,760
310 240
206 170
(OP: W8QZA) 9A4AA " 3,360 40 35 NORTH AMERICA *IO5M 7 67,971 188 163
LY5G " 73,254 228 174 YV4ET " 3,030 35 30 India (OP: IU5MYI)
OM1AKU " 61,540 192 170 YB6MIX " 2,937 35 33 United States *VU2OCA A 8,758 86 58 *IU2NKC A 59,976 194 168
PE2K " 54,230 216 170 JI1NZA/1 " 1,748 30 23 District 1 *VU3ION 21 6,240 54 48 *IU3NNU " 22,660 132 110
YO8BSE " 53,404 196 158 YC2VOC " 1,728 28 27 AK1MD A 900,592 936 473 *IR4P " 19,400 106 100
9A2EA " 51,680 191 160 E74FRS " 1,682 30 29 N1KWG " 134,232 266 204 Japan (OP: IU4NIZ)
NDØC " 50,887 186 151 (OP: E 7ØCC) *W1SSS A 375 15 15 District 1 *IU8PGQ " 11,880 95 90
N4IJ " 44,196 137 116 YT5L " 1,518 34 33 JK1BAB 3.7 9 3 3 *IU3NOX " 11,232 80 72
LZ3RR " 43,216 170 148 (OP: Y U4VOX) District 2 *JJ1PZY 21 276 13 12 *IU1OPM " 6,322 58 58
YCØSSF " 40,874 134 107 SP4NKJ " 1,375 27 25 *W2ASD A 207,244 379 263 *JJ1OXT 7 8 2 2 *IUØLRV " 6,000 64 60
UX3IT " 40,650 195 150 UR7TV " 1,276 24 22 *W2ASC 14 114,608 210 187 *IUØNHG " 2,484 49 46
DF7XR " 36,942 157 131 EA5AX " 1,230 31 30 *KD2PTX A 103,680 221 180 District 2 *IU4MTY 14 2,146 38 37
SQ5WH " 36,828 157 132 4Z4UO " 1,122 23 22 *K2PJC " 22,599 105 93 *JS2FZH A 1,825 33 25 *IU3NMO A 1,653 31 29
JJ1XAS " 36,500 146 100 DV7DRZ " 864 22 18 *N2OMD " 17,628 84 78 *IU3OCN 1.8 1,624 31 29
KV2U " 36,375 150 125 UTØNB " 828 24 23 *K3WHD " 9,179 69 67 District 3 *IU4LAU A 816 24 24
(OP: K 2YG) JI3XOM " 756 22 21 *KD2REH " 5,665 68 55 *JQ3BPQ 21 987 23 21 *IUØJGA " 476 28 28
UR3GU " 30,688 200 137 OE3VET " 624 17 16 *KD2PWB " 1,242 24 23 *IU3OXT 7 2 1 1
DJ7PRM/P " 29,036 136 119 JA1KPF " 240 12 12 *KD2UAF " 153 17 17 District 6
(OP: DJ7PRM/P) BH8PUN " 240 14 12 *KD2UTL " 144 13 12 *JS6UGC A 14,528 89 64 Lithuania
N3CI " 28,112 148 112 PY2VQ " 171 9 9 *LY5GT A 347,464 511 338
CA4PPC " 27,324 146 92 NN7SS " 117 9 9 District 3 Kuwait
F4HHL " 21,522 115 102 (OP: K6UFO) AC3LZ A 341,460 490 315 9K2GT A 56,387 124 113 Netherlands
JK1TCV " 20,440 110 70 JEØCBS/1 " 84 8 7 *AC3MB A 15,928 109 88 *PD1BU 14 52,332 214 178
XE2S " 19,805 96 85 EA5HJV 14 738,290 951 530 *K3RLW " 14,812 209 161 Republic of Korea *PEØV A 4,095 48 45
NA7UT " 18,300 127 100 LY2OU " 138,684 338 254 *N3BAS " 154 11 11 *DS1ORJ A 2,573 38 31 *PA1DMG " 2,862 57 54
(OP: K 7DLX) YU1NR " 73,485 257 207 *PD1MX 14 27 3 3
DGØAM " 17,730 92 90 UT1XX " 60,775 237 187 District 4 Singapore
ES1BH " 16,926 106 91 RW3AI " 59,466 244 187 K4SHW A 32,860 150 124 *9V1BC A 9,506 83 49 Norway
N7JI " 16,517 116 83 HG6C " 51,300 212 171 KG9V " 23,358 119 102 *9V1BD 14 1 1 1 LB5GI A 758,952 836 508
E7ØE " 15,903 100 93 (OP: HA6IAM) KO4HXM " 15,247 97 79 LB6VI " 170,190 442 279
PY2BN " 15,134 105 94 MI1M " 50,085 189 189 *W4SSF A 53,250 193 150 Thailand *LC7W A 139,061 344 247
F6HHR " 13,200 96 88 (OP: MIØLLG) *KA3BZO " 8,280 70 60 *HS8NKB A 20,951 126 73 (OP: LB7UI)
YC1DGG " 12,996 108 76 JQ1NGT " 34,164 136 117 *K4ADZ 14 7,696 79 74 *LB4YI " 54,442 192 167
VE6EX " 12,798 86 79 EA1BP " 27,548 160 142 *KN4UOW A 5,152 61 56 West Malaysia *LB4ZI " 20,988 125 106
DM5Z " 12,267 96 87 JG1LFR " 21,160 110 92 *KO4AWC " 2,640 37 33 9M2TDX A 1,037,300 845 410 *LB4MI " 3,888 56 54
(OP: DM5JBN) LA3NGA " 18,997 131 121 *NA4ST " 882 21 21 *9M2SAF A 920,885 907 317 *LB4FI 14 840 30 28
YC1RIK " 12,127 118 67 HAØGK " 18,260 128 110 *9M2SAL 7 66,015 179 81
SP6NIV " 11,618 85 74 OZ6OM " 17,952 103 96 District 5 *9M2MAD A 16,700 86 50 Poland
K8ZT " 11,360 77 71 HF5WIM " 17,850 117 102 AA5H A 97,152 278 176 *9M2JBH 7 6,364 52 37 *SP8ALT A 511,430 602 398

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 105

*SP3DAT " 207,692 397 274 *YC1DGR A 418 11 11 *K5WEL 7 72 7 6 *CO8WN " 52,026 164 138 District 7
*SN9B 14 135,540 342 251 *YD5NBY 7 24 2 2 *AE5AS 14 40 10 10 *CO8RH 14 38,280 128 120 JA7QVI 14 447,432 461 290
*SP8CHI A 126,270 307 230 JG7AMD A 75,118 170 142
*SP9PD " 119,554 310 226 Philippines District 6 Mexico JA7OWB " 46,852 145 106
*SP4KWD " 111,690 281 219 *4I1EBD 14 438,703 559 307 W6TK A 1,347,749 1384 559 XE1CKJ A 106,212 268 167 *JA7HYS A 139,680 278 194
*SP9NSA " 101,574 267 198 *DW7CAJ 21 32,618 201 94 NN6DX " 496,463 688 373 *XE2B A 8,064 75 63 *JF7VVL 21 1 1 1
*SQ3IOE " 86,208 248 192 *DW7EVQ 28 30,186 145 78 (OP: W1PR) *XE1CIC 14 5,916 55 51
*SP8KM " 72,332 222 169 *DV6XDS A 28,350 148 81 K6NR " 334,232 494 328 *XE2MWY A 1,176 23 21 District 8
*SP5WAZ " 45,990 176 146 *DW7NDM " 21,600 120 75 AJ6V " 284,830 604 313 JA8IJI A 130,526 258 187
*SQ5DJ 7 42,607 151 137 *DW4DES 21 5,500 72 55 K6YK 14 49,590 153 145 Panama *JA8RWU A 164,780 342 214
*SP3W 21 21,616 28 28 *4I7RAZ A 1,924 47 37 WA6URY A 28,128 111 96 HP1ELV 28 1,548 32 18 *JK8PBO " 15,504 101 76
*SP4KZ A 15,580 117 95 *DV4RNX 7 8,900 63 50 K6NA " 2,875 25 23 *HP1RIS 21 37,605 137 115 *JE8UHY " 1,482 27 26
*SP4BAO " 5,050 54 50 *W6ZL A 38,520 154 120 *JA8HBO 14 832 30 26
*SQ8M 14 3,648 54 48 *WZ6ZZ 3.7 30,866 25 23 Puerto Rico
*SP8EA 3.7 126 9 9 SOUTH AMERICA *N6TVN A 2,728 48 44 *WP3C A 3,081,188 2667 743 District 9
*SO5DU 7 98 7 7 Argentina *KG6DTZ 14 1,674 31 31 (OP: N2TTA) *JA9TQY 21 5,964 58 42
*LU1VYL 7 11,033 69 59 *KM6VHD A 1,232 32 28 *KP4RV 21 176,800 379 221
Romania *W6JLV 14 1,102 31 29 Kazakhstan
*YO7OWI A 27,612 138 117 Brazil *K6TJ 7 832 26 26 *UP7L 14 380,926 431 338
*YO8RCN 14 17,922 124 103 *PU2YVN A 25,511 141 97 *WM7C A 450 20 18 AFRICA (OP: UN6LN)
*YO8PUF " 425 21 17 *PU7BCG 28 20,252 193 82 Ascension Island *UN7MBH A 56,386 139 121
*PU5DPL " 13,746 90 79 District 7 *ZD8HZ 21 19,980 34 31
Serbia
*PU2PKL " 9,372 96 66 WW7E A 717,117 1079 437 (OP: TA1HZ) Kyrgyzstan
*PU5LTI " 5,046 63 58 (OP: W7VO) *EX7ML 21 74,148 196 167
YU3DKO 14 977,676 1208 618 *PU2OYT " 3,872 58 44 KH7X/NZ7 7 621,335 1017 395 Canary Islands
*YU4PTL A 8,580 90 78 *PY2VCS A 2,720 41 32 (OP: KH6ND) Lebanon
*YU4BAH " 8,550 84 75 ED8W A 4,158,600 1677 725
*PU2NKT 28 2,665 47 41 NX1P A 564,332 754 386 EA8DGS " 33,088 109 94 *OD5UI A 59,202 164 138
*YT5L 21 1,518 34 33 *PU2RHG " 2,346 43 34 N7RQ 21 325,104 681 312
(OP: YU4VOX) *EA8OM A 96,714 179 162
*PU9YCZ " 1,599 61 39 W7YAQ A 230,260 319 290 (OP: DJ1OJ) Saudi Arabia
*PU2MOW " 1,540 47 28 K7JQ " 59,748 223 156 *ED8B 28 40,128 146 96 *HZ1SK 28 96,900 226 150
Sicily *PU2MIA A 486 23 18 WU6W " 39,928 176 124
IT9ICW 28 5,547 53 43 (OP: EA8TR)
*PU5XCP 28 195 13 13 W7ON " 2,170 32 31 *EA8CTK A 18,445 89 85 Singapore
*IT9IHB A 84,252 214 204 KK7CO " 2,130 31 30 *9V1KG A 129,558 318 146
*IT9IRV 14 41,418 206 177 *EA8DKA 7 2,346 23 23
Chile (OP: W7ON) *9V1HY 14 1,804 30 22
*CA4PSH 7 41,172 109 94 *N7MZW A 50,720 284 160 Madeira Islands
Slovak Republic *CD3FJK 28 15,958 130 79 *KE6K " 22,770 110 90 CQ3W A 8,396,544 2860 954 Taiwan
*OM1EE A 116,100 293 215 *CD2SLJ " 2,870 66 35 *K7HPN " 6,696 65 54 BU2EQ A 117,425 377 175
(OP: DF7EE)
*OM1AVV " 54,132 191 156 *W7MTL " 4,230 61 45 CT3HF 21 358,561 441 283 *BU2EF A 6,716 65 46
Colombia *WA8ZNC 7 2,793 53 49
Slovenia *HJ4GXY 21 460 13 13 *AC4YL 14 1,530 33 30 West Malaysia
*S55AL A 607,066 791 433 *K6TUJ 21 1,430 27 26 ASIA *9M4CTO A 22,743 118 57
*S5ØRR " 11,340 85 81 *N6TPT A 777 22 21
CLASSIC *AG7AB 14 588 23 21 Asiatic Russia
Spain District 9
EA1FDJ A 65,016 203 168 NORTH AMERICA
*KM7N
*AG4YL
A
14
391
294
17
14
17
14 UB8A A 8,173,308 2442 866 EUROPE
*EA5JDN A 14,600 112 100 *N7JI A 16,517 116 83 (OP: UA9BA) Austria
United States RK9AX " 2,191,492 1189 596 *OE2E A 428,370 507 393
*EA3IJT 14 9,576 79 73 District 1
*EA5IVR A 9,520 86 80 RX9CM 14 179,520 310 240 (OP: OE2GEN)
*EA3DMN 14 1,224 25 24
KQ2M A 5,675,115 2570 1044 District 8 RK8I 21 80,445 207 173 *OE4LTB " 52,116 205 172
AE1P " 711,732 745 444 ND8DX 3.7 855,210 1008 447 R8TA A 37,500 146 125 *OE1ØØHLF 14 37,920 198 158
W1OHM " 19,383 96 91 *AA8OY A 139,672 281 221 *R9YU A 771,416 772 482 (OP: OE6HLF)
Switzerland *NG1M A 235,092 437 274 *N8WCP " 100,782 340 198
*HB9GZT A 25,047 125 121 *R9WT 3.7 473,430 346 258 *OE3MCS A 8,296 74 68
*W2PMC " 125,020 240 188 *AC8JF " 72,332 216 169 *UA9JNT A 110,656 221 182
*HB9HHN " 21,280 120 112 *N1DC " 65,254 178 158 *KE8E " 18,375 90 75
*HB9HEI " 5,643 62 57 *RZ9WA " 78,694 180 146 Balearic Islands
*AF1R " 36,162 162 123 *N8MZN " 3,696 57 56 *R9OAZ " 42,237 143 117 *EA6PT A 48,580 174 140
*HB9HID " 5,640 61 60 *NY1E 3.7 25,728 115 96 *NF8M " 3,652 48 44
*HB9HIC 14 8 4 4 *RA9SF 21 38,040 129 120
*N1ADX A 11,011 89 77 *N8PPF " 3,192 46 42 Belarus
*WU1T " 4,794 63 51 *NK8D 14 966 23 23 Asiatic Turkey EW2A A 2,140,820 1400 740
Ukraine *W1RJL " 2,210 37 34
*UX9Q A 224 14 14 *TA2L A 55,692 144 119 EV1R 7 1,388,736 1089 576
(OP: UR3QOO) District 9 *TA7EB " 23,157 98 83 EU5C A 797,070 754 489
District 2 W9DZ A 320,512 442 313 *TA7LZB " 4,560 44 40 (OP: EW1I)
KN2M A 971,598 683 498 K9RU " 109,182 305 186 EW8DX " 558,728 733 422
*TA2UCT " 4,032 28 28
WA2BCK 3.7 28,272 145 93
OCEANIA *N2MTG A 148,215 310 205
AB9PR " 35,960 151 124 *TA1ATW/3 14 546 14 13 EU4E 1.8 334,482 507 321
*N9TF A 231,231 394 273 *EW8MZ A 99,910 253 194
Australia *KS2A " 3,080 51 44 *N7ZZ " 206,592 433 256 *EW8RX " 18,840 126 120
VK2PW A 465,986 462 302 *NV2K " 2,912 35 32 China
*NY1V " 66,000 231 165 BD4QA A 192,895 448 223
*VK3VJP A 5,750 53 46 *W2VU 14 1,914 28 28 Belgium
*WR9L " 62,160 194 140 *BG8PM 21 53,460 153 126
*KE2A A 1,495 23 23 *KY9IN " 22,310 118 97
Hawaii *BH3DHE A 42,066 189 114 OR1Z A 998,186 1054 518
(OP: K9GX) *BH8OCW 14 324 8 7 ON4KCY " 31,625 151 125
*WH6GKW 7 2,450 29 25 District 3 *W9IZ " 20,898 118 86 *BH3DBF A 260 14 13
W3KL 14 1,410,024 990 588 *ON5SV 7 265,880 372 289
*KE9SA " 18,240 118 95 *BI1EIH " 99 9 9 *ON4MGY A 113,490 295 234
Indonesia KT3M A 1,336,023 1132 601 *AJ9U " 13,280 104 80
YB7CTN A 880 19 16 (OP: N3AD) *BI7LVN 21 1 1 1 *ON5GF 14 32,240 176 155
*AG9A " 8,996 55 52 *BH8PUN 21 252 14 12 *ON3SB " 5,084 72 62
YF3FZR 3.7 666 27 18 AA2A " 97,641 212 171 *K9FRO " 5,562 65 54
*YC1LJT 21 449,264 500 344 (OP: N2KW @K6ND) *BH1OFJ 7 130 11 10
*N9OQC " 204 12 12 Bosnia-Herzegovina
*YB1RKT A 256,284 398 252 K2ACX " 35,088 192 136
*YC2CPQ 21 233,877 350 258 *AJ3M A 11,466 89 78
*AA9RK " 81 9 9 Georgia E77A 14 706,492 1006 509
*YD9AAI 7 184,764 395 173 4L8A 14 2,279,496 1322 629 *E76C A 741,701 815 487
*KD3HN " 7,100 58 50
*YD3GIF " 69,153 377 111 *KA3KSP " 680 20 20 District Ø *E7/Z35M " 191,786 388 266
*YD5LCZ " 58,400 230 100 KØTT A 620,541 821 423 India *E77XL " 79,516 230 193
*YD2BRN " 49,780 314 95 District 4 N7WY " 569,772 617 399 VU2DED A 365,638 478 287 *E78IW " 27,459 121 113
*YD3CER " 41,676 253 92 WZ4F A 2,966,742 1938 774 KØBBB 14 317,856 447 352 VU2GRM " 76,994 260 159 *E78AX 3.7 5,500 53 50
*YD2DEW " 40,050 187 89 (OP: K4AB) WØETT A 141,726 299 237 VU2YQ 14 17,160 65 57
*YD2ABS " 39,200 299 80 KDØJLE " 3,348 38 36 VU2GPE 21 60 29 27 Bulgaria
KU1CW " 1,809,077 1202 631
*YC1VVV 21 38,308 142 122 N1RM " 534,936 630 372 *NØYO A 141,828 333 223 *VU3XLC A 8,906 68 61 LZ7G A 2,415,429 1782 769
*YC2KJC A 37,286 235 103 NE8P " 451,500 597 350 *AI6O " 139,308 369 228 *VU3DXL 14 972 32 27 (OP: LZ1NK)
*YD5AKH 7 36,656 229 79 WF4W " 336,337 620 317 *NØEMU " 18,308 130 92 *VU2JRO A 184 9 8 LZ1AQ " 176,111 427 299
*YCØAUU A 36,084 183 93 N4ZZ " 192,696 483 248 *KØSCO " 11,297 94 79 *VU2JOS 14 99 9 9 *LZ1D A 103,390 273 211
(OP: YDØAUU) *NRØD " 3,621 55 51 *VU3XIO 21 30 4 3 (OP: LZ2HT)
W3DQS " 132,870 276 206
*YD2UWF 28 18,864 30 25 W3IK " 114,165 242 177 *KØVG " 3,024 40 36 *VU3LWE " 25 5 5
*YD1EQX 7 17,325 192 63 *WØPI 14 572 22 22 *VU2TO 14 16 4 4 Crete
KM9P 7 97,856 400 176
*YD6IOV " 16,500 164 55 (OP: KØEJ) *KEØQGJ A 361 19 19 *VU3SIO A 14 8 7 SV9JI A 28,427 172 131
*YC7UVB " 15,750 176 70 W4DHT A 46,650 193 150 *WB3IJZ " 96 6 6 *VU3LMS 14 1 1 1
*YCØKCW A 15,150 99 75 K4NWX " 10,773 68 63 *VU2UI " 1 1 1 Croatia
*YD9UBT 7 14,755 92 65 N4LZ " 6,188 58 52 Alaska 9A6RT 14 112,914 295 246
*YD5ACR " 14,616 152 58 WN3F " 3,182 49 43 AL7LO A 397,528 528 316
Japan *9A3NC A 149,940 308 245
*YDØAUN " 12,524 136 62 *WA3LXD A 177,017 364 236 NL8F 7 43,524 113 78 District 1 *9A5CZK 14 43,360 183 160
*YD2UFR A 11,832 146 58 *N2JF " 149,600 323 220 *KL7LU 14 60 5 5 JE1RXJ A 286,418 464 277 *9A2VX A 38,860 151 134
*YG1AEQ 7 10,710 80 51 *NK4O " 138,656 314 224 JA1XRA " 48,970 137 118
*YDØASO " 9,282 108 51 *K4DR " 71,230 210 170 JH1CTV " 46,659 174 103 Czech Republic
*YD2BXX " 9,024 139 48
Barbados JK1WSH 21 3,861 47 39 OK2EQ A 173,530 351 259
*KF8N " 71,100 212 158 8P1W A 335,064 448 276
*YD2ULK " 8,788 110 52 *KC4JNW " 56,696 204 152 7M2FTR A 3,239 52 41 OK1XC 21 42,681 151 123
*YD2FII " 8,580 152 55 *KB9RKK " 53,200 214 140 JA1YKX " 36 6 6 OK5DN A 11,534 96 79
*YD1JBV " 8,085 55 49 *N4VGE " 37,376 178 128 Canada *7K1CPT A 35,600 152 100 *OK1TA A 768,354 767 474
*YD1DIU " 7,950 105 50 *WA4JA " 35,836 163 124 District 1 *7N2UQC 21 20,962 121 94 *OL4W 3.7 528,066 719 381
*YD7UQU " 7,685 121 53 *KG2E " 22,184 122 94 VY2WW A 3,602,628 1442 684 *JS1WWR " 3,640 47 40 *OK2BRX A 214,890 403 290
*YC1CBY A 6,660 117 45 *N4ET " 5,994 61 54 VE9AA " 591,690 552 326 *JL1GPG A 1,225 33 25 *OK2VV 3.7 139,104 340 224
*YD3AVN 7 6,165 76 45 *KM4VI " 3,300 48 44 *VA1CQ A 251,566 330 238 *JK1MLY " 364 18 14 *OK1MMN 14 15,752 101 88
*YC1JNV A 6,042 99 53 *KF4LGT " 2,822 40 34 *VA1XH " 37,500 106 100 *JH1DWQ " 8 2 2 *OK2GU A 14,415 107 93
*YC1CSA 7 5,624 132 37 *KJ4CNC 14 1,628 30 30 *VY2LI " 15,696 83 72 *JJ1XAS A 36,500 146 100 *OK1TVL " 2,774 38 38
*YD1HJW " 4,223 99 41 *WB4UBK A 1,219 24 23 *7L1DST " 1,500 32 25 *OK1JDJ 14 2,550 51 50
*YD1BVK " 3,572 85 38 *K4CIH " 228 20 19 District 2 *JEØCBS/1 21 84 8 7 *OK6OK 7 20,736 110 96
*YDØAFS " 3,240 95 36 VC2W A 7,633,944 2311 916 *OK1LV 21 4,387 43 40
*YC1WOZ " 3,024 91 48 District 5 (OP: VA2WA) District 2
*YD1AMB " 2,739 54 33 WK5T 21 458,586 761 349 *VA2SCJ A 8,575 53 49 JF2QNM A 592,382 589 323 Denmark
*YD1KXS " 2,482 60 34 (OP: N2IC) JG2CNZ 7 42,275 110 89 OZ1D A 9,504 67 66
*YD1KTE " 2,349 36 27 N5YT A 197,208 341 249 District 3 JA2JWH A 6,572 69 53 (OP: OZ1HHH)
*YD1LYG A 1,896 79 24 K5PAR " 174,432 379 237 VE3EJ A 7,703,030 3294 1128 JF2OHQ " 3,135 53 33 OZ9ETOV " 1,350 25 25
*YD1LHI 7 1,536 32 24 W5RJJ 7 114,449 247 193 *VA3KRT A 97,128 186 152 *JG2RFJ A 96,162 265 144 (OP: OZ1D)
*YF3BER " 1,176 50 28 KT5J A 89,572 344 196 *VE3ZDR " 37,583 120 91 *JE2BOM " 5,043 49 41 OV1RR 14 1,092 26 26
*YD4SMN " 1,122 32 22 (OP: K5TR) *JS2PHO 28 420 17 12 (OP: OZ1D)
*YD3RDW " 1,080 41 24 W1CQ " 17,578 110 94 District 5 *JA2KKA 21 338 14 13 OZ1HHH " 1,080 30 30
*YD9HIB " 1,020 46 30 KW5KW " 14,444 115 92 VE5SKI A 351,830 421 302 *JR1UJX/2 A 1,740 35 30 (OP: OZ1D)
*YC4PDT " 840 61 40 *K5FUV A 251,625 390 275 VE5CPU " 17,472 89 84 *OU8A 3.7 371,008 565 352
*YD9UCN " 714 20 17 *WA5JMZ " 170,500 391 250 District 3 (OP: 5PØO)
*YD1EYC A 572 42 22 *WA5LFD " 84,700 273 175 District 6 JL3RDC A 33,908 137 98 *OZ8CT A 184,680 396 270
*YD9UCA 7 476 17 14 *N5AYB " 16,182 117 93 *VE6CA 14 435 15 15 *JJ3KPS 21 5,014 51 46 *OZ8ZN " 50 5 5
*YD1DIM " 450 20 15 *WE5ET " 11,060 97 79 *JG3XDR 14 4,224 54 44
*YD1LHQ " 336 18 14 *AG5JW " 10,800 78 72 District 7 *JL3DQX 1.8 860 2 2 England
*YD1IYV " 234 23 13 *AB5XZ " 5,890 78 62 *VE7BC A 140,008 290 177 GØDWV A 1,457,346 1098 622
*YD3BFT " 104 8 8 *WB5RTW " 3,569 46 43 *VA7ES " 24,426 105 69 District 6 M1U " 863,786 860 497
*YD1KZP " 39 3 3 *KU5Y " 2,562 50 42 *JE6OXU A 3,840 56 40 (OP: MØUTD)
*YD1CWT 7 3,552 52 32 *K9DHC " 595 17 17 Cuba *JE6ETZ 21 90 10 9 GØCNN " 539,325 721 423
*YD2UIJ " 680 34 20 *W5RIP " 432 16 16 *CO8NMN A 173,259 281 207 *JE6PVG " 8 2 2 G1EIX " 43,452 186 142

106 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

G9D " 37,050 172 150 *DG6NFU A 56 8 8 *IZ3ZMF A 578 35 34 *OM8ST A 47,740 171 140 *DV8VMI 7 43,225 146 95
(OP: G6NHU) *DLØBBZ A 88 8 8 *IW8ENL " 378 19 18 *OM7AT " 2,079 35 33 *DU1NA 21 30,268 131 92
*MØPLX/M A 416,160 747 431 (OP: DB7YI) *IU4HLZ " 377 13 13 *DV1UUU " 13,986 89 74
(OP: MØPLX/M) *DB7YI 14 15 3 3 *IWØEZW " 304 16 16 Slovenia *DV1VVA " 12,351 85 67
*M1VPN " 237,925 585 360 *IU5MPH 14 180 10 10 S5ØR 14 593,758 459 279 *4D1M A 2,652 50 34
*G4DDL " 151,800 335 264 *IK4RQF 3.7 44 4 4 *S56VHR A 25,877 141 113 *4I1ZZS 28 1,058 28 23
*2E1HJW " 69,242 236 178 Finland *IW3SOA 28 1 1 1 *S57WW " 7,938 69 63 *DU8VHR 7 1,040 29 20
*G2NV " 53,928 224 168 OG2X 14 528,836 935 476 *IZØZFK A 36 6 6 *DU3AT " 105 8 7
*G8ZRE " 53,460 216 165 (OP: OH2RM) Spain *DV7DRZ 21 864 22 18
*GØJLF " 52,514 192 154 OH1LAR A 46,110 171 145 EA4KD A 2,761,583 1905 787
OH3BCX 14 3,432 52 52 Latvia
*GØGLG " 46,472 204 148 YL6W A 3,459,780 2106 860 EA5DFV 21 492,877 595 407
(OP: OH1ZAA)
*G3R " 45,900 187 153
OH4BCS 21 1,792 32 32 (OP: Y L2GD) EC5APA 7 20,196 115 108 SOUTH AMERICA
(OP: GØCDA) YL2CI 14 612,960 809 480 *EA1R A 800,139 984 541 Argentina
*G4BEE " 40,468 161 151 (OP: OH1ZAA) *EA7BD " 185,703 326 259
*OH1SIC A 138,788 320 221 *YL2LW 21 108,057 94 82 LU5FC 21 5,387,382 2152 897
*MØAQM 14 33,896 185 152 *EE2A " 97,500 251 195 LU9MBY 14 585,310 641 374
*G3YIQ 3.7 33,695 196 115 *OH5MQ " 4,128 52 48 (OP: EA2SN)
*OH1TS " 1,224 38 36 Lithuania LU7DW 7 11,660 61 55
*G3YRZ 14 31,464 162 138 *EA3KR " 93,480 265 205 *LU1ICX 21 445,050 492 345
LY9Y A 1,493,307 1293 599
*2EØEVM A 28,448 154 127 *EA4EX " 92,040 241 195 *LR1H " 133,574 312 203
*G1OXD " 19,372 124 116 France LY5XX " 640,936 755 452
*EA4DGZ " 68,780 202 190
TM5T A 2,076,472 1364 722 LY2MM " 534,072 667 408 *LU2NI " 107,562 258 197
*GØBBO " 18,550 125 106 *EA4EJR " 54,750 182 150 *LT2HH A 55,500 409 204
(OP: F5VKT) LY1M " 73,590 224 165
*G8FRS " 13,410 106 90 *EA3W " 24,100 123 100 *LW6EQG 21 2,280 44 37
F5LIW " 1,294,734 1503 770 LY5Y 7 17,510 93 85
*M8K " 12,640 82 80 *EF3R " 14,800 120 100 *LU5UFM 28 475 31 25
F6EZV " 730,184 803 472 *LY5YY A 468,488 650 373
*M7TAP " 11,288 96 83 (OP: EA3EYO) *LU7FMA " 3 1 1
F4HTZ " 311,688 492 324 *LYØNAS " 128,538 313 226
*G9V " 9,120 81 80 *EA5KV " 12,358 82 74
*F4IVV A 71,012 222 164 *LY4T 1.8 33,082 149 119
(OP: M5OTA) *EA2XG 14 5,200 70 63 Aruba
*M6EAM " 8,568 81 68 *F5DBT " 69,906 214 183 *EA4GHV A 230 10 10
*F4BIT " 60,025 196 175 *P4ØA A 6,926,542 3593 835
*M3EMO " 1,551 36 33 Malta *EA5HJO 14 192 16 16 (OP: K K9A)
*G7HYS " 1,530 35 34 *F4IAY " 25,410 125 110 9H1CG A 5,088 53 53 *EA5HAY 28 3 1 1
*2EØEKW " 336 21 21 *F4FBP 3.7 32 4 4 *9H1SR 14 97,608 376 249 (OP: EA5HJO)
*F6HHR A 13,200 96 88 Brazil
*MØJBA 14 1,548 44 43 PY5WW 14 989,460 845 460
Greece Netherlands Sweden PY2EX A 932,217 795 451
Estonia PAØMIR 21 17,578 36 35 *8S8S A 419,832 592 408 PP1WW 28 231,588 403 252
ESØIA A 418,734 569 387 *SV2HJQ A 398,151 684 369 (OP: S M5XSH)
*SV8PMM " 63,825 232 185 *PG1R A 81,590 251 205 PY6TS 21 173,520 338 241
*ES1TAR 14 86,184 293 240 *PE1LTY " 15,664 102 89 *SB5X " 70,980 227 182 PY5DC A 40,365 156 117
*ES5RIM " 45,100 193 164 *SV3RZK " 18,920 164 110
*SV7CUD " 9,039 74 69 *PA2VS " 7,956 75 68 PY2KJ 7 18,144 73 63
*ES8SX A 28,044 135 114 Switzerland PY2ZZ A 12,283 84 71
*ES7GW " 25,064 117 104 *SV1SSL 3.7 2 1 1 *HB9FXU A 35,968 144 128
Northern Ireland ZV1D 14 7,205 62 54
(OP: ES2GW) *MIØI A 217,790 407 290 *HB9DXB " 24,150 135 115 (OP: PP1ZZ)
Hungary *HB9FLX " 12,533 88 83
HA5JI 14 2,716,728 1901 824 *GI5NI 14 18,036 119 108 *PY2NY 14 1,298,219 975 481
European Russia HA4A " 745,178 942 527 (OP: MIØSAI) *HB9GSE 7 5,750 47 46 *PV2R 21 247,160 363 296
District 1 HGØR 1.8 486,948 597 374 *MIØM 21 14,976 100 72 (OP: PY2KO)
RW1A 14 2,609,607 2307 979 Ukraine *PR8KW A 214,396 463 229
(OP: HAØNAR) UV5U A 1,597,918 1270 622
Norway *PY2DPM 21 49,420 126 113
District 3 Ireland *LA5LJA A 303,272 491 334 (OP: UX1UA) *PU2YBW 28 17,370 107 90
RC5Z A 1,176,450 1152 575 *LB1LG " 193,824 388 288 UZ5DX 21 309,149 451 307 *PT2ZDX A 2,790 72 45
R3ZZ 21 402,534 595 342 *EI3CTB 14 46,365 171 145 UR1HR A 294,252 542 352
*LA2Z " 111,723 300 223 *PY2OSD " 957 31 29
RU3Q 3.7 100,299 242 201 (OP: LA9JRA) UT6EE " 247,212 409 324 *PU1AJN 28 435 33 29
RT3N A 5,830 63 55 Italy UT8IK 1.8 12,284 82 74
IR6T A 6,041,088 2253 874 *LA3BPA " 37,884 154 132 *PU5DCM A 432 18 18
*RK3E 1.8 50,336 185 143 *LA8OKA " 19,488 110 96 UY3AW 3.7 5,980 53 52 *PY2RAF 28 360 18 15
*UA3DK 7 39,603 138 129 (OP: IK6JNH) UT7ZM 14 320 17 17
I5MXX " 1,960,313 1772 793 *PU2NZV " 150 11 10
*R2EL 14 21,452 145 124 Poland *UW8SM A 1,324,576 1172 568 *PY4ZEV 7 126 13 9
*R3DAB " 19,886 135 122 IIØI 14 1,048,420 1047 620 *UX2MF " 889,515 892 495
(OP: IZØPAU) SP7MC A 997,560 927 510 *PU7EFC 28 25 5 5
*RA3DGH " 14,144 120 104 SP2JMR " 1,472 24 23 *UR6EA 7 855,142 756 478
*R2SM " 10,624 90 83 IK2TDM A 1,002,249 900 577 *UT4EK A 378,672 549 343
IU8LMC 14 979,089 1031 579 *SN5Z A 261,615 563 361 Chile
*R5ER 1.8 10,010 80 70 *SP9TKW " 201,772 451 317 *UT3SO " 343,989 524 333 CE6CGX A 1,271,000 1330 589
*RY3F 7 9,112 77 67 IV3CNZ 7 405,375 523 345 *UR5WCQ " 196,840 343 280
IW2HAJ A 349,501 584 373 *SP5TE " 189,882 382 274 *CE2EP A 119,382 368 197
*R2SAG A 5,936 60 53 *SO5V " 138,050 322 251 *UT3HD " 192,096 481 327 *CE1WZM " 18,096 198 87
*RK3DCU " 624 26 24 IUØAPU " 332,232 482 327 *UX7QG " 87,400 243 190
IQ1RY " 327,352 488 332 (OP: SQ5PMB) *XQ4CW 28 7,308 50 35
*R2OFF 7 96 6 6 *SP6U " 104,304 290 212 *UR5WHQ 7 66,728 176 152 *CA7TWY A 612 24 18
*RW3AI 14 59,466 244 187 I3GWE " 270,924 412 321 *UZ2U A 49,800 196 150
IU1FSL " 248,064 420 304 *SQ9KQS " 42,924 193 147 *CE6UFF 7 90 8 6
*SP2GCE " 30,810 146 130 (OP: UT3UZ)
District 4 IK5RLP 14 236,223 527 351 *UW1U 1.8 32,262 145 114
I4AUM A 224,388 363 276 *SQ9ZAY " 23,067 118 99 Colombia
UF4S A 1,072,812 934 529 *SP6MI " 23,000 122 100 (OP: UT7UA) HK3C A 689,784 733 328
R4RT 14 141,895 481 295 IZ2BVC " 202,130 423 290 *UX2HB 7 19,314 94 87
IZ3KVD " 185,042 346 286 *SO9B " 19,600 112 98
RA4W A 28,080 151 130 (OP: SQ9IUB) *UW2Q 21 9,387 79 63 Paraguay
*RA4HBS A 224,884 519 316 IK4POI 7 147,825 264 219 (OP: UR6QS)
I7CSB 21 102,675 229 185 *SP1R/MM " 17,820 115 99 ZP5DBC 28 135,486 294 193
*R4AC " 147,680 378 260 *SP5ENG 14 16,008 100 81 *UR1YAA A 4,018 51 49
*RU4AA " 106,212 251 212 IZ2JCD 14 53,196 163 156 *US5WBJ " 544 18 17
IZ1SAI A 50,445 205 171 *SQ8F A 8,280 80 69 Uruguay
*UA4HGL " 30,069 142 117 *SP4LOM 14 5,160 66 60 *UR9QQ 1.8 77 6 6 CX3AT A 319,272 440 318
*RA4L " 5,670 55 54 I3JKI 21 27,090 109 90
IK1BPL A 25,908 110 102 (OP: SP4NKJ)
*UA4FDK " 5,247 56 53 *3ZØCL " 4,648 59 56 Wales Venezuela
IV3NVB " 24,708 118 116 *MW8R A 321,376 521 352
IO1T 7 11,972 83 73 (OP: SQ8W) *YV1SW 28 71,712 257 130
District 6 IZ2MGN A 9,450 72 63 *SP4SAF A 3,078 39 38 (OP: GW4SHF) *YY5FBD A 18,469 92 73
*R7MM A 599,952 794 464 *SQ5R " 756 22 21 *GW4W 3.7 94,311 242 189
*R7KX " 75,030 226 205 IU2JFG 7 3,168 45 44 (OP: GW4EVX)
IZ2BVL A 2,520 42 42 *SP3RP " 624 24 24
*RA6LIS " 64,655 249 193
*R7MC 21 9,088 86 71 IZ1HHT " 1,620 29 27 *SQ5WH
*SP4NKJ
A
21
36,828
1,375
157 132
27 25
TRIBANDER / WIRES
*R6LBK A 5,700 52 50 IN3EJM
*IO8O A
" 126 14
1,195,488 1137 593
14 OCEANIA NORTH AMERICA
*UA6AK 28 8 2 2 Portugal Australia United States
(OP: IK8UND)
*IZ8CGS 14 350,551 773 397 CT2KNA 21 131,688 320 236 VK2BY A 922,154 803 386 District 1
District 9 *CT7AIX 14 24,955 133 115 VK7GN " 66,442 177 139 KI1P A 733,023 805 459
RC9F 14 26,790 178 141 *IV3EAD 7 156,136 272 232
*IK6LBT 21 119,184 252 191 *CT1EXR " 9,471 81 77 *VK1DD 7 161 9 7 ND1X " 502,152 582 392
*RA9FEL 21 21,230 133 110
*IZ2BKA A 94,248 243 198 AC1EV " 164,024 313 232
*IZØCOG 21 91,460 247 198 Romania East Malaysia K1VW " 65,562 186 147
Fed. Rep. of Germany *IWØHLZ A 91,350 285 210 YO8BDW A 1,065,852 1083 572 *9M6NA A 9,847 79 43 N1KM " 59,148 174 159
DQ2C 7 4,413,288 1577 803 *IU4JJP " 88,000 241 200 YO3RU " 769,590 910 510 *AI1TT 14 129,800 234 220
DL1WA A 2,552,517 1542 759 *IU3GKJ " 78,554 220 181 YO7CW " 482,752 637 397 Hawaii (OP: W1WBB)
DQØY " 1,027,824 876 552 *IZ5AGY " 76,428 245 198 YO2AA " 225,834 421 283 WH7T A 2,224,285 1216 515 *WI1K " 15,399 93 87
(OP: DF2RG) *IN3JRZ " 68,310 233 198 YO3GNF " 199,920 390 272 (OP: WH7W) *KR1A A 9,240 67 55
DL6ZBN " 851,660 1102 618 *IU5KRE " 57,630 195 170 YO3JW 7 185,220 320 252 KH6DH " 10,718 61 46 (OP: KL7JT)
DL5ANT " 340,707 481 337 *IZ8QPA " 56,457 186 153 *YO7SR A 967,232 973 544 *N1SFT " 5,382 53 46
DL8AAE 7 261,665 399 295 *IZ1XJL 14 49,830 66 64 *YO8SBQ " 112,706 270 218 Indonesia *KG1E 21 8,723 62 61
DL4VK 21 257,754 425 266 *IU2GLK A 48,216 194 164 *YO5OHY 3.7 111,244 61 57 YB1TJ A 192,696 342 217
DL4WA 14 194,616 406 306 *IU7EDX " 46,786 175 157 *YO4BEX 14 30,420 179 156 YB3BLJ 21 11,532 70 62 District 2
DMØY 21 189,091 339 227 *IWØGTA/5 " 45,870 168 165 *YO5PUV A 27,120 138 120 YB4JOY 7 4,096 96 32 K2SSS 14 2,237,697 1352 693
(OP: DL3BQA) *IU6FUB " 45,135 165 153 *YO7LDT " 20,488 119 104 YC3RJL 3.7 1,782 50 27 WR2G A 2,047,767 1220 681
DL4ABR A 158,436 354 243 *IK8ARF " 43,000 155 125 *YO8RFJ 7 17,334 83 81 *YB8RW A 274,200 552 200 KE2D " 1,311,161 985 523
DK1FW " 128,614 296 214 *IU5HWS " 42,340 163 146 *YO7HHE A 13,205 106 95 *YD9VE 7 128,557 253 143 N2RRA " 1,029,716 1075 508
DHØGDS 14 30,672 160 142 *IU7KDY " 38,478 128 121 *YR4R 21 8,494 77 62 *YC3ATK 21 55,322 166 139 NN2NN " 408,289 460 329
DL2EMC A 4,802 50 49 *IU5GBQ " 33,098 154 134 (OP: YO4RDN) *YB3BGM A 44,770 187 121 N2SQW " 277,352 354 296
*DK5DQ A 971,290 1033 535 *IK7YZI " 31,500 145 126 *YO5BTZ 14 8,216 84 79 *YF4ICC " 31,768 272 88 AB2E " 158,746 316 203
*DK1KC " 610,200 706 452 *I3JFU 14 28,676 140 134 *YO9CWY " 4,928 62 56 *YC8DUL 7 30,888 123 88 K3TS " 124,992 208 192
*DFØBV " 318,780 399 396 *IZ4EFP A 23,072 112 103 *YD2DOP " 21,760 198 68 WC2W " 71,148 173 147
(OP: DL1MAJ) *IN3RRX " 19,104 115 96 Sardinia *YC2TDP A 13,680 135 80 NF2RS " 44,880 148 132
*DL1EHG " 106,522 288 221 *IZ2FLX/M " 14,601 98 93 ISØMHD A 19,530 96 93 *YC1PZ " 12,920 85 76 (OP: K2QB)
*DL5LB " 100,125 276 225 *IW2ENA 21 13,860 84 70 *ISØDJA 7 15,300 96 85 *YC1IDC 7 11,450 152 50 N2JJ 3.7 44,407 146 121
*DK9NCX " 51,246 203 146 *IK4OMU 14 12,880 102 92 *ISØAEM " 2,244 35 34 *YCØSJA " 8,694 123 46 NS2N A 22,596 100 84
*DL1SDX " 49,445 165 145 *IZ6RTH A 11,760 71 70 *YC7VGB A 6,254 116 53 W2UDT " 9,990 75 74
*DL1RTO " 43,472 170 152 *IW2CAM " 11,218 76 71 Scotland *YC1BVT " 5,330 110 41 WN2O 1.8 1,120 31 28
*DM4G " 41,038 170 142 *IU4DAF 21 10,416 68 62 MM1E A 552,573 746 441 *YG3EMF 7 5,328 81 48 (OP: N2GC)
(OP: DL2RZG) *IU8CFS A 10,384 91 88 (OP: MMØGOR) *YB2CBD A 4,223 122 41 *KS2G A 172,653 339 247
*DL3ZH " 37,504 142 128 *IN3HDE " 9,430 88 82 *MMØNBW A 51,168 203 164 *YB8XOB 21 3,325 37 35 *N1NQD " 168,168 269 231
*DL9HB " 25,029 118 103 *IZ3ZOO " 8,832 78 69 *GM9C 14 20,701 141 127 *YG3EOX 7 2,580 54 30 *N2DD " 102,790 248 190
*DL5ALW " 20,793 99 87 *IU2DGV " 8,580 70 66 (OP: MMØGHM) *YB4MDL A 2,542 60 31 *KC2WUF " 83,160 233 168
*DF1LON " 18,334 109 103 *IWØQO " 8,500 71 68 *GM3C A 11,557 91 91 *YC1CAR " 1,914 67 29 *KD2XI " 4,700 51 47
*DL9TU 7 16,920 98 90 *IU5HES " 7,440 64 62 (OP: GMØWED) *YCØEDY 7 1,750 32 25 *WB2KHE " 703 19 19
*DL7FUA A 14,476 105 94 *IZ1DLY/1 " 6,868 77 68 *YD2NIR " 1,716 48 26 *KT3Q 14 336 14 14
*DL8ZAJ " 12,400 88 80 *IV3DLW/P 7 6,498 62 57 Serbia *YD8USA " 1,085 52 35 *K2AL " 160 10 10
*DM2HEY " 12,160 88 80 *IZ8EQG A 6,213 60 57 YT3D 7 1,618,758 1019 558 *YC1OOY " 931 49 19
*DD1TT " 9,727 80 71 *IU5FJB " 6,032 59 58 YU1LD 3.7 286,748 495 308 *YD9UW 28 32 4 4 District 3
*DR4O " 9,272 82 76 *IU1OQZ 7 5,757 64 57 *YT8WW 7 328,636 494 308 *YDØRFJ 3.7 1 1 1 N3QE A 3,129,243 2151 779
*DH4PSG " 8,555 63 59 *IU1HJF A 5,720 56 52 *YT4ZZ 14 39,812 177 148 *YD2BUT 7 18,207 229 63 NF3R " 1,345,449 1192 553
*DH6MP " 7,370 69 67 *IK8RJS " 4,900 54 49 *YB6MIX 21 2,937 35 33 K3AU " 717,882 666 438
*DL8AX " 6,048 60 56 *IN3DGK " 4,560 48 48 Sicily (OP: K2YWE)
*DB6YC 7 4,005 46 45 *IU1DOF " 3,150 45 42 IR9Z 14 817,765 1231 547 New Zealand W3FOX " 625,593 643 453
*DG5FAU A 2,709 44 43 *IW3SOQ " 3,024 45 42 (OP: IT9VCE) *ZL1CTC 21 15 5 5 K2XR " 449,873 495 379
*DL1JPF " 1,620 38 36 *IU3BXO 7 2,112 36 32 *IW9BJP A 17,596 109 106 N3EEN " 282,854 461 299
*DK2ZO " 1,000 26 25 *IW3IOG A 2,080 33 32 *IT9ELT " 85 18 17 Philippines N1EK " 155,996 346 236
*DL2VN " 961 31 31 *I5KBS " 1,634 44 43 *IT9IDR 14 3 1 1 DY1T A 1,055,832 983 328 WA3AAN 7 108,472 270 182
*DC5IMM 14 440 22 22 *IU5CJP " 1,225 27 25 (OP: DU1IVT) WR3R A 94,185 276 195
*DL6AUK A 240 10 10 *IW2NKY " 984 24 24 Slovak Republic DU4IX 7 151,074 253 154 N3MWQ " 87,522 200 174
*DO3TIA 21 147 7 7 *II1R 1.8 620 20 20 *OM6AT A 133,104 307 236 *4F3BZ A 171,407 388 196 WT3K " 78,323 233 167
*DG6MDG 14 108 10 9 (OP: IW1CBG) *OM3CDN 3.7 55,176 189 152 *DV9IHK " 80,656 275 147 KW3A " 78,078 246 169

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 107

K3ISH " 42,706 155 131 W9ILY 14 20,880 91 87 7K4VPV " 74,646 209 143 *OK1CLD " 48,600 200 162 *DJ3RA " 54,008 179 157
AC3U " 7,540 67 58 *KBØV A 345,462 503 309 JQ1UXN " 20,519 109 71 *OK7R 21 34,239 127 101 *DK8NT " 48,865 181 145
(OP: W3UL) *N9UA " 202,839 342 273 JH1APK " 5,029 49 47 (OP: OK1TNM) *DK2YL " 21,854 104 98
W2CDO " 2,310 34 33 *KG9X " 32,604 134 114 7K4GUR 21 3,240 41 40 *OK4GP A 32,058 131 117 *DF2FM " 15,399 96 87
*N3AAA A 418,902 519 363 *KB9OWD " 27,610 133 110 JK1UVL A 1,060 21 20 *OK2TC 3.7 608 20 19 *DL5GAC 14 14,100 98 94
*N3ZA 14 80,025 182 165 *KD9LVR " 10,764 95 78 *JI1ALP A 97,774 231 166 Denmark *DL7AOS " 3,132 56 54
*KD3H A 22,960 151 112 *JF1WNT " 56,870 164 121 *OZ4NA A 482,604 649 393 *DL6RAI A 2,736 37 36
*KQ3W " 18,696 91 82 District Ø *JI1RSF " 7,824 59 48 *5P8Z " 202,912 396 272 *DA9L 21 1,943 29 29
*KE5NJ " 10,218 95 78 NWØM A 151,800 499 230 *JE1SPY 1.8 3,128 67 46 *OZ6TM " 26,924 134 127 (OP: DO1BEN)
NØKQ " 57,000 209 150 *JK1PTW A 3,102 34 33 *DD5MA A 1,643 31 31
District 4 WØPPF 14 540 32 30 *JA1CCH 7 2,574 30 26 England *DO6XX " 1,456 30 28
NF4A A 1,977,696 1493 654 *KCØVDY A 15,675 123 95 *JR1MRG A 1,738 25 22 MØMCV 3.7 388,786 566 348 *DL7HAR " 513 21 19
K3DNE " 1,741,905 1517 621 *KØDD " 4,662 45 42 *JH1RDU 7 1,232 17 16 G4PIQ A 288,000 437 320 *DF6YC 14 168 12 12
KM4HI 14 1,351,586 1130 643 *KYØO " 1,820 36 35 *JF1RYU 14 736 16 16 M7Q " 229,336 361 263 *DJ7PRM/P A 29,036 136 119
NN3W A 927,344 874 479 *NDØC A 50,887 186 151 *JK1CEK A 98 10 7 (OP: G4PIQ) (OP: DJ7PRM/P)
K4SBZ " 473,767 826 371 *ADØBI 14 12 3 3 *JG1LFR 14 21,160 110 92 M7T " 153,500 295 250 *DH1AKY 7 6,670 62 58
K5VIP " 385,974 382 369 *JK1TCV A 20,440 110 70 (OP: G3YYD) *DJ4CW 3.7 4,272 24 24
KR4Z 21 315,000 539 315 Canada *JK1CNL " 336 12 12 MØHAO 14 132,079 353 269 *DK5TX 14 100 10 10
(OP: N4OX) District 1 (OP: EA1DDO)
K9OM 7 243,012 348 263 VO1KVT A 740,138 616 406 District 2 MØRNR A 89,452 254 209 Finland
W1AJT A 208,005 288 245 VO1CH " 162,945 262 213 JF2FIU A 347,040 526 288 G1A 21 60,554 202 137 OH1TM A 339,598 659 382
W4LT " 144,904 364 236 JA2PFO 7 30,624 98 87 (OP: MØNKR) OG4W 14 328,836 632 409
N4CF " 142,136 295 218 District 2 GX5EA A 58,311 208 171 (OP: OH4KZM)
N6DW " 124,504 238 197 VE2CSM A 435,845 428 305 District 3 (OP: M1DDD) *OH3MM 7 173,943 315 251
K4KKC " 124,120 303 214 VA2QR " 7,497 50 49 JA3QOS A 196,600 346 200 G4PDF " 31,408 151 151 *OH2JIU A 27,359 129 109
K4BAI " 116,982 257 201 JA3VOV 14 2,046 36 33 G6URD " 18,291 99 91 *OH5FM " 9,657 101 87
KU4FX " 101,528 287 196 District 3 JN3MXT 21 448 11 11 *G4PVM A 645,588 735 454 (OP: OH5KIZ)
AA5JF " 41,225 121 97 VX3LRL A 886,900 704 362 *JF3BFS 21 166,452 362 194 *G4P " 393,084 595 366 *OH1XFE " 6,283 66 61
KT4ZB 14 22,019 97 97 (OP: V E3LRL) *JA3EBT A 13,600 106 68 (OP: G3YPP) *OH5ZA 14 1,380 32 30
K3TD A 19,750 92 79 VE3TW " 579,490 514 347 *7J3AOZ " 3,182 47 37 *M5JB " 169,004 420 253 (OP: OH1ZAA)
NN4NN " 5,504 48 43 VE3UZ " 337,020 358 274 *GØRAH 14 101,972 152 133 *OH4HAX 14 3,105 47 45
(OP: K3SV) VA3CQG " 79,050 187 170 District 4 *G9P " 72,912 264 217
WK4LR " 4,136 46 44 *VA3PDX A 783,482 617 382 *JE4MHL A 58,566 179 129 (OP: MØNCG) France
WN1GIV 28 2,910 35 30 *VE3OTL " 560,625 516 345 *JH1MTR/4 " 23,134 116 86 *MØJND A 66,608 228 181 F8CRS A 589,908 578 451
(OP: N4BP) *VE3YTN " 48,970 118 118 *JR4LRY 21 312 14 13 *2EØFLZ " 66,468 212 191 F1MKG " 19,100 113 100
W4MY A 1,288 28 28 *VA3DBT " 45,400 126 100 *2EØCVN " 54,696 228 172 *F4CDR A 469,852 598 404
*WN4AFP 7 126,420 330 210 *VA3BAH " 9,028 66 61 District 6 *MØVQP " 20,370 126 105 *TM2R " 361,584 485 372
*K4FTO A 62,880 200 160 *JE6KFN A 16,425 106 73 *2E1DFS " 13,746 103 79 (OP: F4ARM)
*W3OA " 38,586 154 118 District 5 *JE6JZP " 98 9 7 *MØYTT 14 4,743 53 51 *F4HMV " 91,540 256 199
*K3TW " 31,828 125 109 *VE5GC A 61,320 191 120 *G4JFS A 1,248 27 26 *F6JSZ " 28,575 132 127
*N2OG " 10,988 74 67 District 7 *G3MXH " 1,075 25 25 *F8BDQ 14 16,533 113 99
*K4GM " 8,235 75 61 District 6 *JH7SSJ A 42,401 135 109
*NØJJO " 1,716 34 33 VE6UM A 791,505 781 429 *JA7SSP " 600 15 15 Estonia Greece
*W4SCP " 1,470 33 30 VE6IVN " 223,550 330 263 ES4RD 14 636,996 1052 487 SV2BXA 21 19,250 96 77
(OP: WAØLJM) *VA6RCN A 7,293 56 51 District 9 ES3YW 3.7 3,913 44 43 *SV1PMH A 337,086 588 366
*NJ8J " 1,350 31 27 (OP: VE3RCN) JH9DRL A 74,016 229 144 *SV1OCQ " 68,470 208 167
*K4ME 14 12 2 2 JH9CEN " 57,750 182 125 European Russia
District 7 JA9CCG " 48,564 158 142 District 1 Hungary
District 5 VE7BV A 261,376 347 256 JA9CWJ 14 4 2 2 RA1QD A 20,520 147 120 HA3OU 14 103,132 297 236
KD5JRY A 1,933,295 1721 637 VE7CV " 207,138 317 237 *JH9FCP A 31,700 136 100 *UA1CUR A 433,875 548 375 *HA8BE 1.8 292,752 476 304
K5RX " 1,406,727 1273 567 VA7IR 1.8 3,741 38 29 *R1Ø5IA " 296,664 605 376 *HA1WD 7 4,600 50 46
KC5DI " 543,998 923 427 *VE7BGP A 2,100 32 30 District Ø (OP: RZ5D) *HA1TI 1.8 24,696 132 98
AI5SF " 241,293 395 269 JJØJML A 695,188 673 377 *HAØGK 14 18,816 128 110
WE6EZ 21 64,860 193 138 Costa Rica District 3
*KI5MM A 204,610 397 259 TI2OY A 1,345,905 942 495 Lebanon R3TE 14 462,226 751 478 Italy
*K5XU " 139,821 323 223 *OD5ZF 7 48,360 102 93 *RW3FY A 469,950 602 390 IO6A A 3,395,980 2215 889
*WB5N " 108,057 280 181 Dominican Republic *RD5R " 450,216 674 444 IK3UNA " 2,976,244 1951 796
*NN5T " 44,764 179 124 HI8RD A 3,525,984 1873 693 Oman *RZ3Z 14 332,856 576 414 IZ4REF " 2,180,934 1300 798
*W5ANE " 8,127 80 63 *HI3T A 3,025,269 1750 663 A42K 21 3,701,679 1851 751 *R3LC " 97,750 303 230 IU3BTY 14 1,373,259 1127 701
*AF5CC 14 600 14 14 *HI6LT " 172,284 375 196 (OP: A 41CK) *R3AAA A 48,248 166 148 IKØNMJ A 1,000,632 941 519
*W5EJD A 574 14 14 *RU3VV " 22,960 116 112 I2WIJ " 702,520 712 455
*K5IX 14 16 4 4 Mexico Republic of Korea *RA3DQP " 22,066 137 118 IZ2GNQ 14 686,418 768 491
*XE2OK A 29,432 115 104 HL2DBP A 79,925 235 139 *UC5D 14 64 8 8 IZ5EME 7 378,426 475 354
District 6 *XE2SSN " 22,320 105 90 HL2ZN " 62,749 162 131 *R3IBT 14 7,950 84 75 IX1CLD A 339,019 484 347
W6BRY A 597,632 818 406 *HL2KV A 14,464 96 64 (OP: RA3DJA) IZØSPA 3.7 333,648 493 336
N6ZFO " 535,659 802 393 Puerto Rico *DS1HNL " 760 21 20 IU4CSS A 333,000 478 333
KE8FT " 408,552 643 348 WP4WW 7 113,715 186 111 *HL5YI 14 324 13 12 District 4 IK2ANI " 280,500 405 330
WX6V " 230,020 346 265 (OP: K P4JRS) RA4FUT A 183,600 418 300 IK2SND " 247,556 389 311
N3FAA " 225,500 445 275 *NP4TX 7 94,384 179 136 Saudi Arabia R4RB " 91,408 294 232 IZ6JTZ 21 148,212 274 207
N6OKU " 198,927 501 279 *WP4MPC A 47,616 124 124 HZ7C A 4,031,518 1688 743 RT4O " 17,967 125 113 IK2MPR 3.7 108,243 239 211
WE6Z " 95,744 305 187 *KP4JFR 7 798 4 4 (OP: 7Z1SJ) (OP: UA4NCE) IK5PWS A 90,744 220 199
W6SX " 89,320 372 203 *HZ1BW A 1,208,070 906 465 *RU4SO 21 50,172 199 148 IK4VET " 76,424 204 164
WI6X " 87,688 305 194 *RA4AG 14 15,228 75 68 IK4ZHS " 61,420 196 166
W6HYI " 85,262 242 178 AFRICA United Arab Emirates IZ5EBL " 59,080 184 140
NT6X " 81,215 281 185 Canary Islands *A65GD A 3,434 35 34 District 6 IZ6ERS " 20,240 128 110
AI6Z " 77,616 213 168 EF8K 14 193,377 317 219 RC7A 21 360,368 246 161 IZ6TSA 7 19,680 104 95
W6FB " 61,908 227 154 (OP: EA8DET) West Malaysia R7DI A 135,216 270 216 IKØXBX 1.8 6,612 67 57
K6RO 14 36,043 198 132 *EA8CYU A 161,570 293 214 *9W2EJX 7 10,450 58 38 RU6YJ 3.7 68,284 99 92 IZ1ZHG 7 1,242 23 23
KB6A A 17,595 100 85 *EA8W " 12,139 73 61 R7AY 14 50,652 258 189 IZ1MLS 21 133 7 7
W6MOB " 13,425 85 75 *RM7C A 523,085 826 449 *IU4FNO 14 774,445 805 545
W6RKC " 6,636 61 42 Madeira Islands EUROPE *RO7C 7 103,208 218 194 *IV3ZYB A 758,110 795 470
*W6UE A 49,131 214 159 CT3KN A 5,617,425 1985 825 Austria (OP: R6CC) *IK4RQJ " 538,598 567 394
(OP: N6AN) *OE8YMQ 14 9,163 89 77 *IV3KKW " 493,641 623 423
*WB2KXC " 9,184 96 82 *OE8FWK A 4,557 51 49 District 9 *IK2YGZ 14 416,150 607 406
*K6CSL " 4,335 60 51 UA9FGJ 21 11,050 86 85 *IU5ICR 7 407,808 550 354
*N6SMH " 256 16 16 ASIA Balearic Islands *RQ9F 7 5,936 49 47 *IW2MXY 14 244,635 491 347
*K2GMY 21 6,171 55 51 Afghanistan *ED6E 7 1,800 32 30 *IK3ZBM A 210,374 344 293
T6A A 4,357,685 1926 733 (OP: EA6AKN) Fed. Rep. of Germany *IO3C 3.7 151,734 326 242
District 7 (OP: S53R) DP8M A 1,993,260 1412 717 *IK4MTF A 110,547 244 213
KI6QDH A 508,869 704 401 Belarus (OP: DL6NDW) *II3R " 99,130 295 230
KS7T " 314,760 675 344 Asiatic Russia *EU6DX A 158,735 330 265 DQ5T " 1,048,667 861 569 (OP: IK3QAR)
WA7AN " 216,908 364 257 District 9 *EW1P " 100,485 313 231 (OP: DL4LAM) *IW2NLP " 84,412 236 188
(OP: K9DR) RO9A A 1,129,482 772 479 *EW7B " 57,135 242 195 DLØLK " 847,110 998 510 *IW5ECP " 77,568 219 192
K9RZ " 171,350 369 230 RX9WN " 707,765 595 401 *EU1TL " 9,125 87 73 (OP: DG7AK) *IK4JQQ " 42,660 149 135
W7GYM " 84,994 248 182 RA9AAA " 122,584 238 199 DLØHMK " 813,207 849 489 *IUØDZA " 39,050 152 142
K7VIT " 74,404 246 178 R9UA " 79,864 191 149 Belgium (OP: DF2HN) *IK4QJF " 38,499 151 123
NO7R " 59,280 182 152 RW8T " 71,318 192 169 ON6NL A 2,129,980 1349 758 DL4RCE 7 378,422 502 334 *IKØALT " 36,018 140 138
(OP: AA7V) RK9AY " 49,368 160 132 ON7ET " 29,900 103 100 DK6BA 14 363,870 491 390 *II5PO 21 26,677 107 103
KI7Y " 46,718 199 142 *RT9S A 508,305 483 309 *ON4MAD A 138,006 332 246 DK5KK 7 309,270 416 305 (OP: IK5RUN)
WZ7ZR 21 28,224 139 112 *R9RA 3.7 71,530 126 115 *OQ4B 14 134,112 322 264 DJ4MO A 245,024 393 304 *IW2BZY A 22,440 104 102
(OP: W7ZR) (OP: ON4BHQ) DL1NEO " 222,780 360 316 *IK2IKW " 17,596 110 106
K7GS A 19,364 99 94 District Ø *OP5T A 16,269 99 87 DB2MJ " 208,947 375 289 *IW4CXK " 15,840 95 90
KB7AZ " 3,939 46 39 UAØSU A 1,186,180 899 508 (OP: ON4DS) DG1YBN " 175,953 355 267 *IK7ZLW " 14,784 92 84
KB2S " 3,608 57 44 RAØQD " 873,712 993 464 DL7LX " 135,746 306 227 *IØ/S58Y " 6,996 70 66
K6UM " 28 5 4 RØAGY " 260,154 385 298 Bosnia-Herzegovina DH2RTW " 135,192 320 262 *IK2WQK 14 6,955 71 65
*WZ8T A 329,130 564 345 RØWC 21 111,320 224 175 *E7ØA A 11,322 88 74 DR2C 3.7 126,318 193 154 *IRØY A 6,902 63 58
*K7HBN " 80,712 210 177 RYØA A 48,133 160 127 *E77D 14 6,059 75 73 (OP: DJØIF) (OP: IWØGYC)
*K7XC 7 62,580 170 125 *RAØUJ 21 6,528 66 64 *E77W A 5,439 54 49 DH1RG A 99,045 280 213 *IW1RGP " 2,600 44 40
*W7CXX A 18,318 97 86 *RAØAY A 6,375 53 51 *E7ØE A 15,903 100 93 DG1PM " 97,136 243 208 *II3V " 2,590 41 37
*W7SO " 13,944 101 83 *E74FRS 21 1,682 30 29 DR6R " 79,524 246 188 *IZ5FSA " 2,556 36 36
*KB7AK " 5,152 61 56 Asiatic Turkey (OP: E7ØCC) (OP: DL6RBO) *IB5A 3.7 589 5 5
*TA2IJ A 259,831 387 253 *E71A 28 60 6 5 DK8ZZ " 75,440 219 184 *IV3JJZ A 126 14 14
District 8 DF1ZN " 63,640 200 172 *IW1RLS 14 120 10 10
WR8AA A 1,625,616 1210 639 China Bulgaria DL6JZ " 61,116 163 132 *IZ1XEE A 72 6 6
(OP: K 3ZJ) BH4SCF A 163,496 432 214 LZ3ZZ A 3,312,798 2182 849 DL8OBF 21 61,102 190 137 *IK1BBC A 8,541 75 73
NV8N " 136,072 312 233 *BH3UZY A 3,315 47 39 LZ4A " 676,520 781 520 DF1LX A 48,018 175 151 *IZ2QKG 7 242 11 11
ND8D " 27,820 128 107 *BH4BUI 21 2,184 32 28 (OP: LZ1YQ) DF6RI " 15,939 109 99
AB8YK 14 27,144 32 31 *BD4RDU 14 1,176 28 28 *LZ7X A 1,722,688 1459 704 *DL1MHJ A 889,133 799 497 Latvia
KA3CZY A 19,656 108 84 *LZ18ANT " 1,250 28 25 *DF2AJ " 568,812 585 428 YL2VW A 1,421 33 29
W8EH 7 6,960 66 60 India *DL5GA 7 511,428 636 391 *YL1ZF A 1,322,511 1125 587
K8PK A 4,746 42 42 *VU3GDS A 39,325 145 121 Croatia *DL9ZP 14 248,490 475 330
*N8GLS A 475,650 520 350 *VU2SMS " 30,644 128 94 9A3B A 2,236,252 1404 769 *DJ2SEA A 224,298 425 306
*K8LY " 204,480 351 240 *VU3SPD " 1,976 32 26 (OP: 9 A2VR) *DK8NC " 208,725 381 253 Lithuania
*KW8KW " 37,248 147 128 *9A1AA A 47,740 155 155 *DB6MC " 144,996 298 258 LY2TS A 1,506,681 1187 627
*K7DR " 19,800 121 99 Israel *DK2WU " 136,030 299 223 LY7T " 1,264,425 1139 575
*W8GOC 14 16,808 95 88 4XØA 21 1,124,458 853 466 Czech Republic *DL1QQ " 132,940 298 230 LY2SA " 218,700 393 300
*KM6Z " 10,773 88 77 (OP: 4X1VF) OL5M 7 1,364,544 1127 552 *DM6EE " 123,202 298 229 *LY5BT A 114,403 325 233
*KA8SBI A 253 11 11 4Z5LY 7 70,416 118 108 (OP: OK1GI) *DJ7GS " 107,100 277 204 *LY3EU " 425 17 17
*4X6DK 21 99,475 207 173 *OK1OA A 155,122 331 242 *DL5JS " 96,236 261 196
District 9 *OK2BZE 14 96,096 275 224 *DJ3GE " 64,050 211 175 Luxembourg
ND9G A 56,471 167 149 Japan *OK7N A 88,452 223 182 *DL6GCE " 63,690 199 165 LX1HD 7 81,770 205 170
NC9F " 55,998 208 153 District 1 *OK1K 14 61,944 212 178 *DO4OD " 63,168 215 168 *LX8M A 676,130 709 455
(OP: KØPG) JH1HIC A 243,636 373 237 (OP: OK1XOE) *DK5MB " 54,390 163 147 (OP: LX1ER)

108 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 Moldova *EE7L 3.7 316,948 489 316 Samoa Canada Serbia
*ER3CT A 352,944 532 344 (OP: EA7HLU) *5W1SA 14 13,662 49 44 District 1 YU5R 4,530,812 2343 979
*EA1IQ A 291,718 490 311 VY2IDX 130,644 273 191
Netherlands *EA3HXT " 225,872 404 304 Sicily
PA2LS A 672,516 777 468 *EA4GVA
*EE1B
7
14
181,984
109,134
302 242
293 258
SOUTH AMERICA IO9A 8,387,784 3580 1201
PE1HWO " 507 13 13
*PC3T 1.8 219,741 402 267 (OP: EA1Y) Argentina District 2 Slovenia
*EE5O A 89,438 247 197 LW1D A 1,116,387 895 489 VA7OO 1,786,455 1198 495
*PA3HFJ A 30,831 148 129 S52C 448,224 593 368
*PG2AA " 30,008 138 124 (OP: EA5ITJ) (OP: L W1EUD)
*PA5W " 5,500 55 55 *EB3FLY " 69,426 219 174 LT7F " 1,018,820 829 484 Costa Rica Spain
*EA5JN 21 41,736 166 141 (OP: LU6FOV) TI1T 6,184,041 3050 807
*PE2YSB A 1,470 38 35 ED1R 5,668,250 2566 1025
*EA5/RV2A A 26,467 148 133 LU6ETB " 640,067 643 391 EA3IKA 2,354,856 1674 749
North Macedonia *EF5U 21 10,960 81 80 LW5HR " 533,715 534 357 Panama EA1CBX 110,592 283 216
(OP: EA5U) LU7DD " 393,162 493 322 3E3E 4,180,480 2311 710
Z35T 14 2,418,920 2082 815
*Z32ID 7 794,955 640 469 *EA4RY A 6,270 62 55 LU9MDH 21 191,748 293 215 Sweden
*EA5IUS " 4,935 50 47 LU7MT 7 71,880 135 120
*Z3ØA A 1,550 34 31
*EA1BP 14 27,548 160 142 LU3MAM 14 50,685 169 109 AFRICA SEØX
SKØQO
5,200,200 2508
506,400 575
972
422
Norway *EA4U A 195 15 15 *LU6KA A 77,550 272 165 Reunion Island SK6YT 101,365 239 209
LA4ESA A 48,960 194 160 FR4NT 4,334,260 1975 746
LA8CJ 14 20,022 98 92 Sweden Bolivia Switzerland
LCØX 3.7 3,200 40 40 8SØC A 1,565,304 1076 696 CP5HK A 82,110 293 170 HB9NE 7,806,090 2917 1101
(OP: LB3RE) (OP: SMØMPV) ASIA HB2C 266,062 472 302
*LC1P A 214,438 419 289 SM6MVE " 314,072 506 332 Bonaire Asiatic Russia
(OP: L A1DSA) SMØN " 118,456 315 221 PJ4DX A 7,139,367 2596 843 Ukraine
District 9
*LBØNH " 182 16 14 (OP: SMØJCA) RT8U 8,533,830 2621 986 UR4UWY 170,880 404 267
*LA3NGA 14 18,997 131 121 SM6GYB 14 46,551 195 177 Brazil RD8D 2,416,518 1072 598 UZ2I 112,497 292 231
*LN5O " 304 17 16 SA5HUB A 2,240 40 40 PQ2M A 6,829,284 2447 924 UR4PWC 1,560 31 30
RC9J 984,242 741 458
(OP: LB3RE) SD1A 14 1,677 43 39 (OP: PY2MNL)
RK9CYA 126,654 245 202
(OP: SM1TDE) PY4JW 14 2,167,450 1279 670
Poland *SE4E A 748,840 845 485 PY2MM 21 545,300 423 317
Asiatic Turkey OCEANIA
SP9DTE A 909,860 973 469 (OP: S M4DQE) PT7BI A 142,392 339 204
*SE6K " 140,844 346 242 PT4C 21 98,358 231 194 TC3B 78,798 156 138 Australia
SO5L " 455,130 624 389 TC3EC 38,766 105 91 VK2AU 1,641,087 978 513
(OP: SP5WIT) (OP: SM6FZO) (OP: PY4LH)
PY2MD A 6,318 61 54 YM3VBR 2,975 37 35 VK3GK 281,086 349 247
SO3O " 204,875 388 275 *SD6F " 125,840 327 242
SQ9DXT " 153,162 331 254 *SM6IQD " 24,192 134 112 PY2LCD 3.7 3,627 70 31
*SM7ATL 7 23,072 86 81 PY6UN 21 4 2 2 China Indonesia
SQ5EXM 3.7 80,907 190 158 B4T 3,426,060 1658 716 7A1A 2,473,564 1438 653
SP5XSD 1.8 8,712 76 66 *SM8B A 16,728 125 102 *PV7M A 1,084,848 906 466
(OP: PT7ZT) BY8DX 1,843,776 1318 594 7D1C 333,060 559 273
SP5GNI A 5,400 48 45 (OP: SAØBVA)
*PY2TC 21 454,425 503 365 BY5EA 1,492,275 1178 505 7AØD 124,501 411 157
*SP9GFI A 515,394 620 411 *SE6J " 10,168 98 82
*PR4A " 419,100 248 203 BY4SZ 404,404 600 308 7AØC 96,976 386 152
*SQ2MO " 329,004 517 333 (OP: SM6XHM)
*SF5M " 7,308 72 63 (OP: PY4RP) BG5BWZ 96,480 299 180
*SP7Y " 225,582 373 287
(OP: SM5SYO) *PY8WW 14 251,872 366 272
*SQ7OVT
*SP2AWJ
"
"
132,379
120,825
288 221
302 225 *PY2YS 21 249,750 210 182 Georgia SOUTH AMERICA
Switzerland *PY5FO A 170,601 327 219 4LØG 13,785,516 4007 1002 Argentina
*SQ5AM " 44,238 192 146
*SQ8GUM 14 39,060 196 140 HB9DQL A 2,170,168 1336 728 *PY2VZ " 142,776 286 216 LO7H 2,151,219 1295 623
*SP9ODM A 27,830 139 121 HB9DVH " 236,558 383 277 *PY2GTA 21 131,175 239 212 Japan LR3D 506,620 525 347
*SQ9ZAX " 26,588 101 92 *HB9WDY A 74,185 226 185 *PY2CP 28 122,544 181 126 District 2
*ZZ2J 21 74,214 219 186 JI2ZEY 1,544,896 1074 478 Brazil
*SP9WPN " 24,115 108 91 JN2AMD 467,460 545 318
*SP9KJU 14 17,860 99 88 (OP: PY2TTN) PR4T 14,766,150 3932 1230
Ukraine *PY2VM A 53,862 196 141 PV4T 5,954,900 2154 940
(OP: SP9MDY) EM5N A 430,660 542 353 District 3
*SP3QDX A 11,475 84 75 *PY3TD " 50,362 172 149 PR2RP 13,050 109 90
(OP: UT7NY) JL3ZHU 86,578 223 146
*SP9IVD " 4,371 50 47 UZ1WW " 406,596 529 372 *PP5FZ 21 42,570 142 129
*SP2TQQ " 3,744 50 48 US7IA " 387,739 538 349 *PY1NX A 30,195 111 99 Curacao
*SQ9PPT 1.8 1,740 34 30 *PY2DR " 28,840 140 103 District Ø PJ2T 9,641,056 3419 808
UT5ECZ " 134,838 249 227 8NØJ 72,960 195 152
UT1QQ " 129,948 332 238 *PU2STZ 28 15,170 95 82
Romania UX2QL " 129,299 312 239 *PU2AMF " 6,016 82 64
YQ6A A 2,951,291 2051 797 *PY4WWW " 3,948 50 42 Kazakhstan
UR5ECW " 79,799 237 199
(OP: YO6BHN) UR5R " 68,886 201 178 *PU7ASP " 1,980 38 33 UP2L
UP9L
19,201,083 4276 1203
1,296,308 950 514
MULTI-OPERATOR
YO9RIJ 7 527,714 627 374 *PU5EVM A 754 30 29
YO3FGO 14 21,600 140 120 UXØRR 14 25,488
(OP: UTØRM)
132 118 *PY2XC 21 416 16 16
United Arab Emirates
SINGLE-TRANSMITTER
*YO8PS A 678,970 709 430 *PY2BN A 15,134 105 94
*YO4NF " 507,048 721 444
UR4EI
*UX1VT
A
7
9,548 76
562,238 619 394
62 A61QQ
A6ØA
8,296,680 2830
7,995,264 2705
840
886
LOW POWER
*YO6XK " 410,916 567 363 Chile
*YO9IAB " 202,526 399 262
*UR2Y 14 386,568 626 413
(OP: USØYW)
CE4JZO A 774,969 810 403 NORTH AMERICA
*YO4RST " 111,800 256 215 *UR5CN A 62,410 211 158 CB8E " 472,700 540 326 United States
*YO4AAC " 62,156 209 164 *UR3VKR " 43,030 139 130 (OP: CE8EIO) EUROPE District 1
*YO3VU " 55,680 180 145 *US6IKF " 37,808 153 136 CE3WYZ " 25,376 154 104 Aland Islands *NM1C 618,510 574 389
*YO5OHO 21 35,310 132 107 XQ3OP 7 533 13 13 OHØZ 787,436 846 494 *NG1R 618,411 664 417
*YO3IPR A 16,950 81 75 *XQ5ME A 160,200 331 225 *W1JSR 69,984 196 162
*YO4CSL 3.7 7,169 54 54 Wales *XQ3WD " 153,300 356 210 Austria
*YO6LA 7 6,960 24 22 MW2I 21 10,660 72 65 *CA1FCS 7 4,510 48 41 District 2
OE2XAL 430,474 556 374
*YO8DOH A 1,972 36 34 (OP: GW5NF) *CD1FRQ 28 594 25 22 *NJ1F 21,510 109 90
*GW5L 14 169,885 407 305 *3G3O 28 7,228 87 52 Belarus
Scotland (OP: GW4ZAR) (OP: XQ3OP) District 4
EW5A 16,178,220 4922 1445
MM9I A 2,291,982 1530 726 *GW8KBO A 33,120 149 120 *KT3T 101,920 278 196
(OP: GMØOPS) Venezuela Bosnia-Herzegovina
MM4D " 246,024 427 306 *4M8E 7 1,182,375 614 375 E7DX 19,082,232 4960 1443 District 6
(OP: Y V8ER) *WR6E 24,000 116 100
GM2Y "
(OP: GM4ATA)
165,272 369 283
OCEANIA *YV4EK A 321,210 430 249 Croatia
(OP: MMØDXH) Australia *YV7MAY 28 12,921 117 73 9A2U 4,970,045 2182 997 District 8
VK3IO A 370,720 354 224 9A165T 95,546 246 202 *N8YXR 430,500 559 375
Serbia VK5GR " 13,392 76 62 *KB8JIU 11,661 80 69
YU1UO 7 1,055,080 854 520 VK4NM 21 6,795 59 45 Czech Republic
VK3TZ 28 2,418 5 5 District 9
YT1HA
YT8A
3.7
28
48,720
11,580
170 140
75 57 *VK5PAS A 243,789 346 247 MULTI-OPERATOR OK5Z
OL7T
13,132,716 3725 1333
2,005,680 1342 685 *W9FZ 60,140 254 155
*VK2WTT 21 1,600 26 25 *N9MT 2,356 40 38
YT7R 21 4,958 48 37
(OP: YU7BW)
SINGLE-TRANSMITTER OK1KKI
OK1KDO
823,680
426,740
859 480
483 380
Hawaii Dominican Republic
*YT1BX
*YTØX
14
A
76,532
71,820
263 212
205 180 KH6TU A 82,125 199 125 HIGH POWER Denmark *HI3LT 1,632,092 1205 539
(OP: AD6E)
*YT2U " 21,939
(OP: YT1TX)
113 103 AH6FC " 47,880 151 114 NORTH AMERICA OV5TC 1,840,224 1286 661
Turks & Caicos Islands
*YT2RX 28 1,098 21 18 *KH6CJJ A 1,026,080 941 352 United States European Russia *VP5M 3,313,980 1818 646
District 1 District 1
Sicily Indonesia WU3A 6,369,378 2545 1077 RY1QWX 2,816 47 44
IT9XTP 28 13,260 84 65 YBØNSI A 354,548 517 302 AFRICA
*IT9JGX A 12,218 87 82 YC8AO 21 296,758 398 283 District 2 District 3 Tunisia
*IT9ORA " 10,062 94 86 YC9ELS " 123,420 294 187 WA2JQK 610,300 750 425 RL3A 21,951,100 5947 1550 *3V8SS 4,741,919 1965 749
*IT9RZU 28 585 17 15 YB4HIB A 36,366 261 87
YB8ROP 7 25,810 128 89 District 3 District 6
Slovak Republic YB4HPI A 11,682 132 66 ND3D 2,024,971 1430 689 UA7K 17,480,268 5673 1476 ASIA
OM4M A 559,284 686 418 YB3FTD 28 10,140 2 2 AD3C 336,528 444 342 R7GU 17,400 132 116 Asiatic Russia
(OP: OM4KK) YC3GFN 7 3,477 121 61 K9RS 326,028 421 303 District 9
*OM5KM 3.7 227,329 402 281 YC3NHW " 2,880 122 45 Fed. Rep. of Germany *UB8QAA 89,590 193 155
*OM3IAG " 135,561 301 219 *YB9UA A 212,300 497 220 District 4 DAØT 5,531,166 2447 1026
*YCØSJK " 51,606 209 122 NA4DA 2,615,625 1728 775 DLØDX 3,088,848 1774 812 District Ø
Slovenia *YD1WAT " 33,516 299 76 WO4D 2,582,668 2073 743 DR7B 1,444,808 1105 626 *UFØB 783,900 696 450
S52WW A 1,285,592 1078 616 *YC2GBS " 28,475 251 85 W4TG 311,472 470 309 DP4G 639,623 757 439 *RØMM 4,872 52 42
S56X 1.8 380,250 548 338 *YC9FZ 21 17,222 86 79 KK4ODQ 211,932 426 252 DM3BN 24,543 120 101
S51DX 3.7 97,400 133 115 *YB1DCW A 12,104 91 68 W4THI 87,360 225 192 Asiatic Turkey
*S52ON A 247,254 454 294 *YBØKTT " 8,288 76 56 France *TC7G 4,435,743 1765 673
*S51JQ " 142,848 280 248 *YD8RSJ 7 1,944 55 36 District 5 F8KGM 8,547,600 2897 1020 *YM3KB 1,024,880 747 368
*S52W " 23,381 124 103 *YE4IJ 14 1,430 23 22 W7DXX 278,832 406 314 TMØR 5,419,872 2589 984 *YM7KK 25,840 108 85
*S57KM " 15,486 100 87 *YB2ECG 28 210 11 10 W5KS 145,801 343 211 F8KCF 1,116,666 884 549
*YBØOHG 3.7 126 14 9 F5KSE 85,680 246 204 China
Spain *YB9YSS A 65 7 5 District 6 *BD7DT 2,410,464 1551 633
EA3CI A 3,705,300 2096 895 *YB1UUN 21 80,685 202 164 NX6T 2,809,404 2151 702 Greece *BG7SAY 386,842 588 254
EA3C " 839,016 980 542 *YB2TS " 9,179 58 51 J42L 6,237,342 2939 1038 *BI4IX 51,072 195 128
EF1X " 616,308 670 483 *YB2NDX A 6,298 98 47 District 7 SZ21AD 374,886 585 353 *BH2RO 27,552 154 112
(OP: EA1M) *YF3CYT 7 40 4 4 W7EB 432,042 771 377 *BD7MVI 3,600 69 60
EA2CCG " 322,825 524 349
New Zealand W7MRF 189,570 474 267 Italy
EA3HZM " 225,435 439 285 II8K 9,535,326 3796 1231 Hong Kong
EA7I 14 221,837 415 253 *ZL2JR A 4,230 54 30 District 8 IU1GHC 205,720 404 296 *VR2HK 28,600 160 100
EA4TG 21 161,980 397 260 WF8J 1,789,469 1280 643 IZ4TNW 133,032 297 241 *VR2FUN 1,785 41 35
EF2O A 155,870 291 218 Philippines KA8YNW 92,565 237 187
(OP: EA2AOO) 4I1EAY A 447,633 626 281 W8AJT 15,521 95 83 Latvia Japan
ED4T " 54,945 219 185 DU3T " 362,616 561 232 YL1ZT 108,790 288 230 District 2
(OP: EA4R) 4I1EBC 21 246,123 485 207 District 9 *JK2VOC 94,556 280 154
EA4K " 35,624 165 146 *4G1DIF 7 188,136 309 156 NV9L 4,997,160 2194 945 Netherlands
EA4M 21 4,500 56 50 *DV1DLX 14 56,950 195 134 KS9R 2,027,502 1626 657 PI4RS 792,774 865 477 Saudi Arabia
*EF7W A 1,684,125 1183 675 *DU4DXT 21 47,625 192 122 *HZ1TL 4,116,840 1813 696
(OP: EC7KW) *DU1AVC 14 38,512 130 108 District Ø Poland
*EF3T " 342,220 513 355 *DU1VGX A 18,825 105 75 KFØADW 99,176 405 184 SP8R 2,996,718 1700 813 Taiwan
(OP: EA3T) *4F3FSK 3.7 3,051 32 27 KØJDD 29,500 151 118 SP9KJM 125,040 338 240 *BPØP 31,500 175 105

www.cq-amateur-radio.com September 2021 • CQ • 109

 Thailand NJ6G 6,809,840 3564 920 YU51ANO 123,654 272 222 DM4JK, DM5DX, DM9EE, DO6TCM, R6KX, R6YY, R7AC, R9AB, RA4WE,
*E21AK 31,577 142 91 AA4VT 5,606,482 2562 931 *CS5LX 26,280 134 120 DQ11WCA, E74SL, EA1YT, EA2GP, EA2IA, RA9DZ, RC3W, RG7K, RJ7M, RK9JR,
*E2U 11,704 103 88 KT7E 4,259,178 2493 878 EA4DL, EA4GJA, EA5XA, EA7EQ, EA7P, RTØO, RT2D, RU3KO, RU6YK, RU7K,
KW7Y 4,150,380 2818 884 EB2AM, EC1DJ, EC4AA, EE5X, EI6KW, RV3LO, RW1QN, RW9XU, RZ3EC, S5ØW,
West Malaysia K3CCR 1,918,389 1288 671 EI7CC, ER3DX, ES6PA, EU2EU, EU6RO, S51J, S53V, S58D, SAØFIA, SD6W,
*9M4CCB 258 8 6 N3DPB 1,539,135 1129 585 OCEANIA EW1TO, EW8WA, F4AIF, F4EUG, G4CGS, SM5MX, SN2B, SN9J, SO6R, SO7O,
AG1C 98,784 234 196 4E3X 1,435,548 1309 372 G4RRM, G7VQR, G8ZZK, HA1AG, SO9PC, SP1II, SP2BP, SP5EAQ, SP6HEQ,
NY6Y 7,980 81 70 HA3FUT, HA3NU, HB9DOS, HF55BRP, SP6OWY, SP7JPN, SP9BIJ, SP9HZW,
EUROPE HL1VAU, HS1FMX, I1NVU, IK2OWX, SP9MDY, SQ8L, SQ8NGV, SQ9DEO,
Austria IK4ZIF, IK5BOH, IQ9UI, IU1KGS, IU4AAJ, SQ9NFC, SV1BFW, SV1DPI, SV1GRB,
*OE2S 2,423,238 1317 786 NORTH AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA IU4GPY, IU7GQZ, IW3IAU, IZ1XBB, SV2OEL, SV3SCW, SV9FBP, TK4LS,
C6AGU 11,998,756 4035 956 PS2T 23,811,570 5614 1434 IZ3GNG, IZ4VTZ, IZ8EFD, IZ8JFL, J41J, TK5MH, UA3AGW, UA3HK, UBØAZR,
Belarus KL7RA 10,864,344 3240 1086 CB3E 71,557 286 163 JP1TRJ, JP3MFV, JR1LEV, JW4PUA, UR6LF, UR7AL, US3IZ, UT5ZC, UW7CN,
*EU1XX 8,700 64 58 VE7SZ 4,688,020 1929 785 *CB1T 66,254 280 157 K2HN, K2ZW, K6GHA, KN4PTU, L21RCA, VE2ZWA, VE3EY, VE3MDX, VE3TM,
VA2UR 2,704,360 1291 680 *ZV2F 18,685 161 101 LA1U, LS2D, LY1CT, LY2AX, LY2CO, LY3B, VO1HP, VO2AC, VU2EOJ, VU2MUD,
Bosnia-Herzegovina *YN1YN 398,825 609 301 LY4OO, LZ1QV, LZ1YF, LZ33E, MØWCZ, VU3BYD, VU3NXI, W2DEA, W2MRD,
*E7CW 2,594,439 1808 801 M5LMG, MX7DX, NØNZG, N2BZD, N3UA, W4/YL2QD, W4BZM, W4VG, YB1BX,
*E7ØSIC 90,684 265 198
AFRICA CHECK LOGS N3XZ, N4EFS, N7VGO, N8BJQ, ND3L, YB1HR, YB1TIA, YC1ENL, YC1GAL,
ZS6MRK 261,360 369 270 3Z6O, 4Z4KX, 9A2WB, 9A3OS, 9A5W, NN8UU, NP3/NM2O, NT7S, OH1NDA, YL2TD, YL3LK, YO2MKL, YO2SH, YO3LW,
Croatia 9A7Y, 9A9A, 9A9EE, AC2OC, AI9K, OH1NPM, OH2ECG, OH5TS, OK2ALP, YO9FLL, YO9FMB, YO9GDN, YR9F,
*9A7B 3,698 45 43 BD3MMA, BD4RHV, BG4NMT, BH4RRG, OK2CSU, OK2QA, OK2SG, OM5CD, YU7KW, YV8AD, Z35Y.
Czech Republic ASIA CT3HY, CX2AQ, CX4AD, DB2BMJ, DFØJR, ON8WV, OP7T, PAØVLY, PAØWBP,
A73A 6,793,787 2584 847 DG1SBG, DG2EKJ, DJ5AM, DL6BE, PA9HR, PG7M, PU2WNO, PY1NP,
*OK1RPL 172,920 360 262 DL6USA, DL8BJ, DL8WJM, DM4EU, PY2OKB, PY2XJ, R3AT, R3KM, R3RAE, Disqualified: IW1FRU, LU9OZX
JR8VSE 6,036,585 2313 885
*OK1RCA 30,625 139 125
E2A 4,632,667 2223 823
Denmark TC3A 2,287,900 1147 548
*OZ73A 858,714 832 501 E2E 1,441,440 1165 495
B4O 1,103,844 1005 476
European Russia B1Z 1,084,860 1026 492
District 3 BI4WOP 1,045,135 1003 455
*RA5AD 269,505 531 339 BD4RCC 922,675 977 425
*RZ3DZI 13,973 96 89 *BVØTY 45,000 213 125
BY3GA 33,540 172 129
Fed. Rep. of Germany
*DQ5M 1,295,490 1036 597 EUROPE
*DM5B 1,249,731 1183 581
II2S 23,172,420 5646 1524
*DN2AGB 24,780 118 118
RT4F 19,707,587 6510 1483
*DLØIFM 9,603 110 99
OM77PA 15,321,438 4424 1338
Finland HG7T 14,661,278 4594 1366
*OH1AS 42,381 191 153 RA5G 10,054,730 4465 1195
SO4R 7,531,268 3374 1052
France OM5M 5,100,498 2427 923
*F6KRK 95,245 224 215 IO9R 3,988,890 2561 943
*TM4Y 78,780 230 202 PAØAA 1,708,160 1250 640
*IR2X 484,364 577 419
*F4KMI 35,624 171 146
SM6RXZ 178,388 402 277
Hungary PI4SHB 156,513 299 257
*HG6L 1,140,638 1037 563 LN1K 105,300 332 225
GM6NX 79,712 206 188
Latvia RK4W 19,422 144 117
*YL1ZS 54,931 206 163

Lithuania
OCEANIA
VK4KW 7,886,375 2607 875
*LY5AX 1,431,014 1160 598
*DX7HQ 90,480 299 145
*LY2DX 1,271,670 1133 582

Netherlands
PI4D 3,762 64 57 SOUTH AMERICA
ZY2A 44,308 147 106
Norway
*LC1X 389,268 590 396

Poland MULTI-OPERATOR
*3Z1K 919,296 867 513
*SO7E 560,598 770 401 MULTI-TRANSMITTER
*SN9H 450,296 647 374
*SP9KDU 133,488 282 216 UNITED STATES
*HF66KAO 71,187 269 183 ND7K 16,255,494 6894 1251
NR6O 8,839,000 4352 1000
Romania N1SOH 355,552 489 328
*YO4KAK 20,210 111 94 W3GH 162,069 371 267
NE3F 161,397 336 227
Serbia *K5LRW 51,744 216 147
*YTØB 10,500 78 70 *W4CAR 7,380 62 60

Slovenia
*S57PKT 1,987,008 1531 632 NORTH AMERICA
*S54I 654,654 822 429 VE6AO 943,384 1148 386
*S57ZT 319,154 459 326
*S55TZ 117,856 295 232
ASIA
Spain RC9O 3,867,150 1626 725
*EC5AN 4,273,488 2395 944 BY1CY 192,654 449 231
Sweden The crew at the ND7K Multi-Multi station includes: N6WIN, W9KKN,
*7S6ØBQ 15,811 114 97 EUROPE KL9A, N6MJ, K6JO, W4IX [(op. NN1C) who is not pictured).
LZ9W 31,925,696 8098 1616
Ukraine YT5A 27,662,251 7296 1567
*UW7W 1,483,936 1091 587 DP7D 11,922,496 4291 1244
*UW6M 274,166 531 326 LY2ZO 3,642,904 2280 824
IQ2XI 237,639 406 339
*UZ1HWW 2,040 34 34
OCEANIA
Indonesia
*YB9DE 887,170 850 395
*7C8C 274,320 510 270 OCEANIA
*7A2T 149,818 426 173 DX1MK 571,113 772 267
*7A8A 102,795 332 165 7E3E 6,248 54 44
*7E1T 18,640 111 80
*7C1B 14,880 119 62
*YH2BG 8,478 218 54 MULTI-OPERATOR
*DX1EVM
Philippines
214,599 430 231
MULTI-DISTRIBUTED
*DX9EVM
*DX7CA
128,296
112,140
434
303
158
140
UNITED STATES
WW1X 19,584,000 5573 1440
*DX3EVM 83,022 271 137 KZ1W 2,624,519 1980 757
*DX2EVM 45,582 193 107 KG5VK 650,364 803 429
*DX7EVM 30,160 128 104 WU5K 613,600 987 416
*4I1BAT 20,625 108 75
*DX8EVM 16,800 105 80
ASIA
VR2CC 1,941,192 1944 513
SOUTH AMERICA *9M2S 994,812 906 364
Brazil
*ZW8T
*PY2GMR
4,464,040 1804
858 27
745
22
EUROPE
IQ4FA 12,589,255 4565 1271
J42S 6,572,714 3771 1039
Chile OO4O 4,212,864 2152 954
*CE3BN 50,085 209 135 OH2A 3,976,132 2275 908
EE5T 3,753,420 2216 940
Paraguay IQ5PJ 3,350,584 1955 853
*ZP6RAI 1,143,376 922 478 IQ4RN 3,269,672 1869 878
ED4W 3,095,785 2086 847
ES3V 2,851,788 1861 804
ED7B 2,575,678 1669 842
MULTI-OPERATOR IR8W 2,180,779 1879 811
9H6A 1,588,794 1546 667
TWO-TRANSMITTER SZ21TK 1,191,944 1306 584 Jaka, S55X, from Slovenia, was the top scorer in the Single-Op All-
United States *9A1ØFF 1,166,844 1029 609
NI4W 9,146,604 4112 1154 IQ3PN 344,772 505 366 Band Low-Power category.

110 • CQ • September 2021 Visit Our Web Site

 ADVERTISERS’ INDEX
SEPTEMBER 2021
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100 Watts & A Wire ...........................................68
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Alaskit .................................................................75
Amateur Radio Roundtable ............................71
AOR U.S.A., Inc ....................................................5
Arlan Communications ....................................33
Bioenno Power ..................................................39
Buddipole Antennas.........................................37
CQ Amateur Radio Calendar.........................12
CQ Mechandise...............................51,73,Cov III
CW Easy/Success Easy .....................................33
Communications Concepts, Inc.....................47
Dits and Dahs ....................................................33
Electric Radio Magazine..................................87
HamEstate .........................................................81
Ham Radio Prep................................................43
HamTestOnline ..................................................87
Icom America Inc. ......................................Cov II
Impulse Electronics ...........................................71
International DX Association ...........................81
LDG Electronics ..............................................1,57
Ni4L Antennas..................................................33
Pacific Antenna ................................................87
preciseRF............................................................13
PreppComm ....................................................39
QCWA ................................................................71
RF Parts ...............................................................31
RFC2 Telecom LLC ............................................81
RT Systems .......................................................7,19
REACT Int’l..........................................................61
Shortwave Propagation Handbook..............77
W2IHY Technologies .........................................61
W5SWL .................................................................87
W7DXX Remote ..................................................81
YLRL.....................................................................92
Yaesu ..........................................................Cov IV
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tained in Ham Shop have not been investigated, the Publisher of CQ cannot vouch for the merchandise listed therein. The publisher reserves the right to reject any
advertisement. Direct all correspondence and ad copy to: CQ Ham Shop, P.O. Box 1206, Sayville, NY, 11782 (e-mail: <hamshop@cq-amateur-radio.com>).
For Sale: HF RADIO ICOM IC-78 TRANSCEIVER. New,
unused, perfect condition. Includes power supply. Make offer.
chuck_kaptain@wycliffe.org
WANNA START A RAG-CHEW WITH THE GENERAL PUB-
LIC ABOUT THE VALUE OF AMATEUR RADIO? Introduce
them to Harold, a ham who is trying to keep his day job post-
Pandemic, and his wife, Sabrina, who is hoping to keep her
yarn shop alive. SIDEWALK SALE ACROSS AMERICA,
available Amazon Kindle, paperback. Peg Nichols,
KD0VQO@arrl.net.
FLASH CARDS for ALL FCC exams, Amateur and Com-
mercial. VIS Study Guides <www.visradio.com> 800-655-
4267. Available direct or from Amazon Marketplace.
FOR S ALE Rare Collins KW-1, serial number 96. Only
150 made and it still works! $16,000 firm. Pictures upon
request. Contact Teressa: <Trjtwo@gmail.com> or via
telephone 805-878-1691.
Wanted: Original set of knobs for my Heathkit HW-8.
Paul, WBØMPG, 538 North Walnut, Wichita, KS 67203.
(316) 351-7717.
Wanted: Old slide rules for personal collection. Send
info to db_cunningham@hotmail.com
Morse Code on a CD. Just want A to Z and Zero to 9 in
code only. Contact Ronald (KD7FWC) (775) 962-5437.
AMECO A C-1 DIY K its: w ww.thenewameco.com
Affordable Custom Antenna Design www.ant-build.com
Recognize the signature CW sounds of over 4000 words!
Start to read whole words sent in fast Morse code!
https://www.hearcwwords.com
Yaesu FT-100D (HF-VHF-UHF). Great mobile rig with
manual, internal keyer and mike. $300. (281) 934-8783.
RF CONNECTORS & G ADGETS - P arts - P roducts
and M ore! w ww.W5SWL.com
Keychain QRP: Worlds Smallest HF Transmitter. Handmade
in the USA. <www.bit.ly/KeychainQRP>
GET THE F.C.C. “COMMERCIAL” RADIOTELEPHONE
LICENSE! Fast, inexpensive home study course. Command
Productions. www.LicenseTraining.com. Free info: (800) 932-
4268.
NEVER have another fauly patch cable! 15-page, photo-illus-
trated manual details a revolutionary procedure for assembling
failure-proof coaxial cable patches. $10 postpaid U.S.,
$15 forgeign. R.W. Parker, 1205 Sleepy Hollow Road,
Pennsuburg, PA 18073.
CallSign Stuff www.hamQRU.com KTØMMY
WANTED: 500-Kc Ships Transmitter. IE: MACKAY MARINE
2017A. w8wz@aol.com
NO NONSENSE LICENSE STUDY GUIDES: kb6nu.com/cq
Wanted: Channel Master model 110 Quantum Antennas 1 or
more in box good condition! W.J. Gibbs, Jr. 601 Howard Street.
Columbia, NC 27925
QRP J-36: 1/2-Scale Microkey. Full-Functional “BUG” Made
in the USA by KA6IRL. <QRPJ36.com>
Premium RF Connectors, A ntennas, Coax, Parts, and
Accessories. W5SWL’s Ham S tore — www.DavesHobby
Shop.com
WANTED: IBM Model M, Space Saving Keyboard, Call KØKG,
(218) 850-1500 or email: <keith.gilbertson@q.com>.
AMATEUR RADIO ELECTRONICS: Home Study Software,
Apps, and eBooks $2.99. <www.eptsoft.com/HomeStudy
POLYESTER ROPE: excellent for antenna support and
guying. Go to <www.audiotronics.us>.
REAL HAMS DO CODE: Move up to CW with CW Mental Block
Buster III. Succeed with hypnosis and NLP. Includes two (2)
CDs and Manual. Only $29.95 plus $7.00 s/h US. FL add $2.14
tax. Success Easy, 568 SE Maple Terrace, Port St. Lucie, FL
34983, phone 561-302-7731, <www.success-is-easy.com>.
112 • CQ • September 2021
HAMSHOP
TWO NEW NOVELS involving ham radio: Full Circle, and
Frozen in Time, by N4XX. Visit <http://www.theodore-cohen-
novels.com/>.
QSLing SUPPLIES. e-mail: <plumdx@msn.com>.
CASH FOR COLLINS, HALLICRAFTERS SX-88, & DRAKE
TR-6. Buy any Collins equipment. Leo, KJ6HI, phone/fax 310-
418-9269, e-mail: <radioleo73@gmail.com>.
MicroLog by WAØ ØH
Easy to use logging program.
Free download . . . www.wa0h.com
www.oldqslcards.com
OVERSEAS AIRMAIL POSTAGE plus complete line of airmail
envelopes. Order directly from our website. James E. Mackey,
proprietor. website: <www.airmailpostage. com>
TOWER ACCESSORIES Gin Pole Kits – stand off brackets –
antenna mounts – vehicle radio mounts – for 30 years. IIX
Equipment Ltd., 708-337-8172, <http://www.w9iix.com/>.
HOMEBREW ! “Recollections of a Radio Receiver” a 565 page
book on HBR homebrew receivers. $10 delivered (eBook on
CD-ROM). Details <www.w6hht.com>
DXPEDITION DVD VIDEOS: For full description and how to
order . . . <www.k4uee.com/dvd/>.
ARMS – Amateur Radio Missionary Net. Christian Fellowship
Net, Everyone Welcome. 14.3075 Daily except Sunday
1500–1700Z, –1 Hr DST. Website: www.qsl.net/arms
VORTEX ANTENNA SYSTEMS specialist in HF and VHF high
performance antennas. Yagis and Delta Loops. Linear Loaded
30 and 40m Arrays. OWA Arrays, bespoke individual design
solutions. Antenna related hardware. We ship worldwide
including North America. <www.vortexantennas.co.uk/>. or by
e-mail to <enquiries@vortexantennas.co.uk>.
“World of Keys – Keys III” book features highly detailed views
and photos of keys, bugs, and paddles like few people have
ever seen ($18)!. Also still available, “Keys II” ($16) and “QRP
Romps!” ($18), plus “Your Guide to HF Fun” ($16). Available
from dealers nationwide.
PACKET RADIO AND MORE! Join TAPR, connect with the
largest amateur radio digital group in the U.S. Creators of the
TNC-2 standard, working on Software Defined Radio technol-
ogy. Benefits: newsletter, software, discounts on kits and pub-
lications. For membership prices see the TAPR website:
<http://www.tapr.org>).
HONDURAS DX VACATION: K3, Alpha 86, SteppIR, Meals,
Private Facilities. HR2J, (206) 259-9688.
HY POWER ANTENNA COMPANY <http://www. freewebs.
com/hypower> Multiband dipoles, delta loops, half squares
and QRP antennas.
NEW AMATEUR RADIO MAP with DXCC list updates. Full
color 22 x 34" – $10. Free shipping on club orders.
http://www.hamradiomap.qth.com/
Wanna ham in the CAYMAN ISLANDS?” Go to <www.
martykaiser.com/24a.htm>.
NEED ROPE? All kinds, types, including: antenna rope,
hauling, gin. FREE, free consultation, Go to <http://www.
davisropeandcable.com/>. Veteran owned, K1PEK, 978-
369-1738.
FUTURE TIMES: Dreams and visions of Disasters. Great
guide book for Hams. www.xlibris.com/futuretimes.html
HAWAII DX VACATION: SteppIR an tennas, amp lifiers, private.
KH6RC, <www.leil anibedandbreakfast.com>.
HAM TRAVELERS Discount travel, tours, cruises, more.
www.GreatExpectationTravel.com
www.peidxlodge.com
NEAT STUFF! DWM Communications: <http://qth.com/dwm>
PROMOTIONAL VIDEO: 15-minute DVD describes amateur
radio’s fun and public service. Details: <www.neoham.org>.
HAM RADIO GIFTS: < www.mainestore.com>
WANTED: OLD QSL CARD COLLECTIONS. Collector seeks
US & DX cards. W2VRK, 9 Laird Terrace, Somerset, NJ 08873;
e-mail: <tpllrs@comcast.net>.
TELEGRAPH KEY INFORMATION AND HISTORY MUSE-
UM: <http://w1tp.com>
FT243 AND HC6U CRYSTALS: www.af4k.com
OLD QSLs Available. 50’s and 60’s, DX and USA. Specify call,
send SASE. W5SQA@arrl.net
RFI Filters <www.RFchoke.com>
CRANK-A-WATT Power & More via KE5NYS. Visit <www.
FactorReady.com>
QRP KITS: <www.breadboardradio.com>
FMTV ARTICLES: Comprehensive transmitter and receiver
deviation calibration, standards, intermodulation, power ampli-
fier calculations. WB9OQM, http://mathison.freeshell.org
www.SecondHandRadio.com
HF Mobile or Fixed V irtual X Antenna Patent: For Sale or
License. Request Free Power Point Presentation file. Shows
design details, pictures, prototype tests. Design applies to a
broad frequency range for mant antenna arrays/beams/verti-
cals. <lgslay@sbcglobal.net>. Larry Slay, K5WUL
FOR SALE: Samlex Power Supply Model SEC 1223, 13.8V @
25 amps. Not working. Includes operating manual and
schematic. Price $50 or best offer. Contact Harry, W9HRQ, at
<harrygraziano@gmail.com> or phone 1-773-334-4492.
ANTENNA & TOWER HARDWARE: Aluminum plates: Boom
to elements, boom to mast, GP/ Vertical antennaground plates,
Rohn 25/45 to cross arms plates, Hexabeam / spiderbeam
Hubs, Moxon hubs, U bolts with sadles. All info at: e78WW@
yahoo.com or at e-bay store: stores.ebay.com/yz4izØ Ø
WW.IISOTRO
WW ONAANTTEN
NNAS..COOM FOR HF. CHECK IT OUT!
Call: 719-687-0650; <wd0e
e ja@isottron
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enna
as. com>
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