Ninuk Hariyani, drg., M.Kes., MPH., PhD.

 Seven oral cavity subsites that are used to classify the oral cavity cancer:
 Lip
 Tongue
 floor of mouth
 Buccal
 hard palate
 Alveolar
 retromolar trigone and soft palate
 the detection of premalignant lesions
 early detection of oral cancer
 management of the oral cancer patient's dentition both prior to and post definitive
treatment
 surveillance of recurrent or new primary tumors in conjuction with the treating
specialist
 rehabilitation of missing teeth in conjunction with the treating maxillofacial
surgeon and prosthodontist.
 The vast majority of oral cavity cancers are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC)

 other types of oral cavity cancers (less than 10% of oral cavity cancers) include:
 minor salivary gland malignancies
 Sarcomas
 malignant odontogenic tumours
 Melanoma
 lymphoma comprise.
 Smoking and excessive alcohol intake (>5 standard drinks/day) are regarded as
the main risk factors for the development of oral SCC
 Smoking confers a 7 × relative risk of the development of oral SCC and alcohol
intake of >50 g/day confers a 6 × relative risk of developing oral cancer
 In subcontinental countries, betel nut chewing is an important risk factor in the
development of oral cancer
 HPV
 highly variable
 Any oral cavity lesion, which fails to resolve in 2–3 weeks, should raise the
suspicion of the treating clinician

 The most common presentations:

 an ulcerated lesion in the oral cavity
 mobile teeth
 Bleeding
 pain or numbness in the mouth or face
 Individual factors
• Biologi: nutrition, systemic
disease, genetic, etc
• Non Biologi: behaviour,
knowledge, attitude, value,
HOST etc

Oral Cancer
Agent AGENT ENVIRONMENT

• HPV
• Smoking Environmental Factors
activities • physic: pH Saliva, Saliva
• Alkohol flow, etc
consumption • Non physic: peer group
infuences
Preventive dentistry
Prevention concepts and health/disease continuum

Levels of prevention Primary Secondary Tertiary

Priorities of Prevention of disease Prevention of Prevention of loss
prevention initiation disease of function
progression
and recurrence
Taxonomy of Prepathosis Intervention Replacement
prevention
Preventive services Health promotion Early diagnosis and Disability
Specific protection prompt treatment limitation
Rehabilitation
Health/disease Prepathogenesis Pathogenesis
continuum

Sumber: Jong (1981)

Oral Cancer: individual, community, and dental professional prev. dentistry services

Primary Secondary Levels of

prevention
Preventive Health Specific Early diagnosis Disability Rehabilitation
services promotion protection & Prompt limitation
treatment
By Individuals Diet planning Avoidance of Self Utilization of Utilization of
Periodic visit to known examination, dental dental
Dental office irritants Referal & services services
Demand for utilization of
preventive dental services
services
By Community DHE Programs, Periodic Provision of Profision of
Promotion of screening, dental Dental service
Research effort Referal, service
Lobby effort provision
of dental
services
By Dental Patient Removal of Complete Chemothera Maxillofacial
professional Education, known Examination, py and Removable
irritants in Biopsi Radiation prostho.,
oral cavity Oral Cytology therapy Plastic surgery
Complete Surgery Speech therapy
excision Counseling