rivets How to enact and ceases Linux eral image (ini) -Packapecoud Blog packagec| | ‘Subscribe to our blog via email Sign upt Subscribe to our RSS feed back to posts How to extract and disassemble a Linux kernel image (vmlinuz) Mar 8, 2016 = packagecloud linux-howto TL;DR This blog post explains how to extract and disassemble a Linux kernel image. It will cover the extract-vmlinux script, how to use objdump, and how to use /boot/System.map to locate functions and other symbols. fle:INICRACKINGIREVERSE.20ENGINEERINGIHow%2010%20extract20and’420dieaseerble%20a%20Linux%20kemnel%20image%20(uml.. 116ariigate How to extract and disassemile a Linux kernel image (vmiinuz) - Packagectoud Blog Create a package repository in less than 10 Sign up! seconds, free. Extracting the Linux kernel image (vmlinuz) First, you'll need to get the extract-vmlinux script so that you can decompress and extract the Linux kernel image. You can download the latest version from GitHub: $ wget -O extract-vmlinux https: //raw.githubusercontent .com/torvalds/Linux/mast er/scripts/extract-vmlinux It’s unlikely that the script will change, but to be safe you should use the extract-vmlinux script that is from the same source tree as your kernel. If you are extracting a kernel installed from your operating system, you can install the extract-linux script with your package manager. On Ubuntu, install linux-headers-$(uname -r): $ sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r) You will be able to find the extract-linux script at /usr/src/linux- headers-$(uname -r)/scripts/extract-vmlinux. On CentOS, install kernel-devel : $ sudo yum install kernel-devel fle:INICRACKINGIREVERSE20ENGINEERINGIHow%2010%20extract20and’20dieaseemble%20a%20Linux%20kemnel%20image%20(um.. 216aris018 How to extac and disassemble a Linux Kemal image (minus) -Packagectoud Blog You will be able to find the extract-linux script at Jusr/src/kernels/$(uname -r)/scripts/extract-vmlinux. Using extract-vmlinux You can now use extract-vmlinux to decompress and extract the kernel image. A good first step is to create a temporary directory and copy the kernel image to it: $ mkdir /tmp/kernel-extract $ sudo cp /boot/vmlinuz-$(uname -r) /tmp/kernel-extract/ Now, run the extract-vmlinux script to extract the image. On Ubuntu: $ cd /tmp/kernel-extract/ $ sudo /usr/src/linux-headers-$(uname -r)/scripts/extract-vmlinux vmlinuz-$(una me -r) > vmlinux On CentOS: $ cd /tmp/kernel-extract/ $ sudo /usr/src/kernels/$(uname -r)/scripts/extract-vmlinux vmlinuz-$(uname -r) > vmlinux Disassmble the Linux kernel with objdump fledINICRACKINGIREVERSE%.20ENGINEERING/How%2010%20extact%é20and%420disassemblo%20a%é20Linux%20kemel%20imago%20(vm 38ariigate How to extract and disassemile a Linux kernel image (vmiinuz) - Packagectoud Blog Now that you have decompressed and extracted the kernel image, you can use objdump to disassemble it. There's quite a bit of code, so piping the output to less is probably a good idea. Using the same directory structure as before: $ cd /tmp/kernel-extract/ $ objdump -D vmlinux | less Finding symbols in /boot/System.map So, you’ve extracted the kernel and are now looking at the disassembled kernel. You'll notice that there are no symbol names, so you can’t easily find the starting point for functions you want to examine. Luckily, all the symbols and their starting address can be found in the file /boot/System.map-$(uname -r). For example, let’s lookup the address of tcp_v4_do_rcv: $ sudo grep " tep_v4_do_rev" /boot/System.map-3.2.0-29-virtual FFFFFFFF81590df T tcp_v4_do_rcv You can now search the objdump output for the address ffffffffs1s9edfo to find the disassmbled net_ipv4_path function: FFFFFFFFBIS90d#O: 55 push %rbp FFFFFFFF81590dF1: 48 89 eS mov. rsp, %rbp FFFFFFFFBISOOUFA: 48 83 ec 20 sub $0x20,%rsp fledINICRACKINGIREVERSE20ENGINEERINGIHow%2010%20extract20and’20dieaseemble%20a%20Linux%20kemnel%20image%20(um.. 416areata How to extract and disassemile a Linux kernel image (vmiinuz) - Packagectoud Blog FFFFFFFFB1S90df8: 48 89 Sd e8 mov %rbx, -@x18(%rbp) FFFFFFFFBIS9OdF. 4c 89 65 fo mov %r12, -@x10(%rbp) FF FFFFFFE1590€00: 4c 89 6d f8 mov %r13,-@x8(%rbp) FFFFFFFFE1590004: eB 77 9c Gc 00 callq oxffrfrrffsiesaase Conclusion Extracting the Linux kernel is relatively straightforward once you know what extract-vmlinux is and where to find it. Extracting the kernel can be useful when you want to verify comments left by kernel code authors or are just curious to see how a particular function was compiled. Share this post: Never miss an update! Subscribe to our blog via email Sign up! ‘Subscribe to our RSS feed asaya? fle:INICRACKINGIREVERSE.20ENGINEERINGIHow%2010%20extract20and’420dieaseemble%20a%20Linux%20kemnel%20image%20(um.. 516arrears How to extract and disassemile a Linux kernel image (vmiinuz) - Packagectoud Blog Features Cl Jenkins Buildkite Public Package Repository Private Package Repository GPG Signatures Pricing Private DE! ry Private RPM repository Private Ru Gem server Private PyPI server Private Maven rep HOWTOs Linux HOV Guides Maven Guide bian Guide RPM Guide fle:INICRACKINGIREVERSE20ENGINEERINGIHow%2010%20extract20and%420dieasserble%20a%20Linux%20kemnel%20image%20(um.. 616